Unit 5 Section Ⅰ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，分层设计科学，知识覆盖从词汇到语篇递进，兼顾语言能力基础巩固与综合应用，培养思维品质与文化意识。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |层级一|词汇拼写、基础语法、基本句型|通过单词拼写（如“samples”“evolved”）、单句语法填空（如词性转换、固定搭配）及课文语法填空，强化语言能力基础积累，紧扣课时核心词汇与语法点| |层级二|语篇理解、逻辑推理|通过阅读理解（环保主题）、完形填空（叙事结构）考查综合语言运用，需分析文本信息、推断作者意图，提升思维品质与文化意识，实现从单一知识点到语篇应用的进阶|

[对应知能达标训练P48] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The scientist collected some insects and plants as samples (样本) in the mountain for his study. 2．Thanks to Chinese people's hard work，China has evolved (发展) into a large economy in the past twenty years. 3．Cultural heritage is left to us by our ancestors (祖先) and is also a symbol of their wisdom，which played a very important role in history. 4．It is a disgrace (耻辱) that the man was fired because of stealing in broad daylight. 5．The police suspected(怀疑) him of carrying drugs so they went through his bag，but found nothing. 6．The study shows that smoking may generate (产生) long-term stress，even if people feel it offers temporary relief. 7．Small and distant (遥远的) from cities though my hometown is，there is always something different to catch your eye. 8．Over sixty students took an active part in the activity，some weeding the flower beds，some sowing seeds (种子) and others watering the garden. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The electric car show is crowded(crowd) with people，which shows the increasing popularity of the electric cars. 2．The supermarket has a large variety (various) of goods，which can meet the needs of different consumers. 3．In my opinion，it is much easier for a child to adapt to a new environment than an adult. 4．The purpose of the program supported by the government is to generate (generate) a lot of new jobs. 5．I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times，resulting in a suspicious (suspect) attitude towards everything and everyone. 6．It is highly recommended that the general public keep one-metre social distance (distant) to avoid any possible risk of getting infected. 7．The expert has pointed out that how to carry out effective cost control is still in question. 8．Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，is regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 9．Paper-cutting is traditional Chinese art form whose history and evolution (evolve) are worthy of research. 10．An organizer of the volunteer group described the flyers (小传单) littering the streets as a disgrace to the city. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．正是由于严重的环境污染，许多物种濒临灭绝。(强调句型) It is because of severe environmental pollution that many species are on the edge of extinction. 2．因为手机，我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的技能。(seem) It seems that we are losing the skills of the face-to-face communication because of mobile phones. 3．光的传播速度如此之快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。(倒装句) So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Charles Darwin，whose father predicted that he would be 1.a disgrace to himself and his family，didn't complete his 2.medical (medicine) degree at college.However，his adventures on the Beagle led to one of the most important scientific 3.discoveries (discovery) of all time. The journey on the ship，the Beagle，offered him a good opportunity 4.to study (study) the living things in their natural environments.He was so fascinated by rocks，plants and animals 5.that he got his room crowded with samples.It was believed at that time that all species 6.had appeared (appear) on Earth at the same time and hadn't changed since.Through his careful observation，he began to think 7.differently (different).When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands，he noticed that there was a difference between the beaks of the finches on each of the islands according to what food was available on that particular island.So he thought they must have evolved from a common ancestor，and they had evolved to adapt 8.to the environment. Darwin based his new ideas on his observation and generated his theory of 9.evolution (evolve).The book，On the Origin of Species，explained his theory，10.causing (cause) a heated storm of debate.Today，it is still regarded as one of the most important works ever written. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores.“The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says.“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts' classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands-on experiments such as soil testing，flower-and-seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，and work in the garden.Several times a year，students cook the vegetables they grow，and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition.Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues.“They get outside，” she says，“and they feel successful.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 1．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. D．She owns a fast food restaurant. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一中段的“And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools.”可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选C。 答案　C 2．Which of the following might be the most important motivation to start the program? A．To provide more fresh food and green space. B．To boost more grocery stores than restaurants. C．To replace bags of snacks with soft drinks. D．To shift some kids' opinion towards insects. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，开展这个项目的最重要的动机是给孩子们提供更多的新鲜食物和绿地。故选A。 答案　A 3．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids' parents distrusted her. B．Some kids disliked garden work. C．Students had little time for her classes. D．There was no space for school gardens. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful.’ Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new.”可知，项目之初一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选B。 答案　B 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Growing Vegetable Lovers B．Experiencing Country Life C．Rescuing School Gardens D．Changing Local Landscape 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远，因此A项“蔬菜种植爱好者”概括文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 答案　A B We all love animals，but animals don't feel the same way about us.When we enter their wild world，we are “unnatural” invaders into their homes. There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep，snow-covered hill in Russia.The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble，but the baby bear keeps sliding back down.It takes three attempts to reach the top and，no doubt，many cheered at the cub's never-give-up spirit.But nature scientists who saw the video didn't cheer. Instead，the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous，unnecessary climb by the drone that was filming them.Gilbert of the University of Idaho said，“It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears.” Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near，a bear's heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute to 162 beats per minute—a high enough rate to cause a heart attack. Human disturbance has actually been having a far-reaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves，but also have numerous chain effects. We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature.We are part of it but also separate from it，now more than ever，since most of us live in cities.So，when we go hiking into wild areas to “reconnect” with nature，we should go softly and considerately.It's OK to get close to our animal friends，just not too close—we wouldn't want to scare them，would we? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一段熊爬雪山的视频引发了科学家们对于人类打扰野生动物生活的反思。 5．What does the video feature? A．The baby bear's climbing. B．The mama bear's care. C．The dangerous environment. D．The experiment by scientists. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep，snow-covered hill”以及后文具体描写的内容可知，此段视频展示的是一只母熊和它的幼崽攀爬一座陡峭的雪山的情景。 答案　A 6．Why didn't nature scientists cheer? A．Because they knew the bear's family well. B．Because they were against other scientists. C．Because they knew the cause of the bear's climbing. D．Because they lacked understanding of the drone operator. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，因为科学家们知道使得这两只熊攀爬雪山的原因，而且明白它们是冒着生命危险在爬山，所以才为熊的处境担忧。 答案　C 7．What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife? A．Food shortage. B．Changing habitats. C．Ecological imbalance. D．Less contact with humans. 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“many mammals are turning into ‘night owls’ again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves，but also have numerous chain effects”可知，许多哺乳动物变成了“夜猫子”以避免和人类接触，而这种变化不仅影响了这个物种本身，而且还会引起一系列的连锁反应；由此可推断，人类对野生生物的打扰可能会导致生态失衡。 答案　C 8．What does the author seem to agree with? A．Losing connection with nature. B．Tightening the bond with wild animals. C．Respecting the human-animal distance. D．Shooting more videos on animals for study. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人类应该和动物保持一定的距离，即尊重人类和动物之间的距离。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 I was out in my fields，a spade (锹) in hand，planting trees this morning.I feel 1 when I do it，knowing that long after I am gone，these trees will stand high above the land， 2 oxygen for humans not yet born. Each spring，as I am 3 ，my mind goes back to a(n) 4 I have of my grandfather：walking with him on the land，listening to his 5 and learning about nature.He often told a story which has 6 in my mind all these years. It was in the early 1900s：a man lost his wife and daughter due to a terrible disease.Filled with 7 ，he decided to act as a 8 shepherd (牧羊人) in the hills.He was about 55 years of age at that time，and as he 9 his sheep，he looked around and saw the land was 10 ．Then the old man felt he needed to do something to help the land 11 ，for it had once been a splendid green forest. He collected some 12 of oak trees from other places, 13 watered them and cared for the young trees that sprouted (发芽) the next year.For the rest of his life，he planted every day.No one knew his story until he was 90 years old.Yet he 14 to plant，perhaps only five trees a day.At that time，the hill had become a green forest, 15 as far as people could see. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与自然。文章讲述了作者祖父曾给自己讲的一个故事：一位孤独的牧羊人每天植树，直到光秃秃的山变成了一片森林。 1．A.anxious B．good C．amazed D．sorry 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“when I do it，knowing that long after I am gone，these trees will stand high above the land， 2 oxygen for humans not yet born”可知，因为种树可以让下一代人受益，所以作者感觉很好。 答案　B 2．A.preparing B．replacing C．receiving D．providing 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“oxygen for humans not yet born”和常识可知，树木可以为人类提供氧气。provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物。 答案　D 3．A.thinking B．walking C．planting D．wondering 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据第一段中的“I was out in my fields，a spade in hand，planting trees this morning.”可知，作者每年春天种树。 答案　C 4．A.imagination B．memory C．regret D．doubt 解析　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“walking with him on the land，listening to his 5 and learning about nature”可知，这些都是作者对祖父的记忆。 答案　B 5．A.stories B．explanations C．laughter D．songs 解析　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“He often told a story which has 6 in my mind all these years.”可知，作者回忆祖父讲的故事。 答案　A 6．A.lost B．passed C．stuck D．stopped 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文故事可知，这个故事已经印在作者的脑海里了。stick in one's mind印在某人的脑海里。 答案　C 7．A.anger B．sadness C．worries D．dreams 解析　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“It was in the early 1900s：a man lost his wife and daughter due to a terrible disease.”可知，失去了妻子和女儿肯定很悲伤。 答案　B 8．A.lonely B．special C．famous D．clever 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的“It was in the early 1900s：a man lost his wife and daughter due to a terrible disease.”可知，失去了妻子和女儿后，他成为一个孤独的牧羊人。 答案　A 9．A.tended B．trapped C．helped D．lost 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“he decided to act as a 8 shepherd in the hills”可知，因为是牧羊人，所以是照顾羊。 答案　A 10．A.broad B．soft C．rich D．waste 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“Then the old man felt he needed to do something to help the land 11 ，for it had once been a splendid green forest.”可知，这片曾经是绿色森林的土地变得荒芜。 答案　D 11．A.appear B．grow C．recover D．rise 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“for it had once been a splendid green forest”可知，老人想恢复这片土地。 答案　C 12．A.branches B．seeds C．flowers D．leaves 解析　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“watered them and cared for the young trees that sprouted the next year”可知，老人收集了一些橡树的种子。 答案　B 13．A.quickly B．desperately C．anxiously D．lovingly 解析　考查副词词义辨析。根据下文的“...and cared for the young trees that sprouted the next year.”可知，老人将种子种植并精心地浇灌。 答案　D 14．A.decided B．refused C．continued D．forgot 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“No one knew his story until he was 90 years old.”可知，老人虽然90岁了，但仍继续种树。 答案　C 15．A.spreading B．moving C．bending D．changing 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“At that time，the hill had become a green forest”可知，老人所种植的森林已经一直延伸到人们所能看到的地方。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $