Unit 1 Section Ⅲ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，以“基础巩固-综合应用”分层设计为核心，通过词汇→语法→语篇的递进路径，培养语言能力与思维品质，适配课时教学目标。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |层级一|词汇拼写、单句语法、基础句型、课文语法|聚焦基础考点，如单词拼写（composers/fame）、语法填空（副词/名词/非谓语），夯实语言知识，对应新授课基础目标| |层级二|阅读理解（2篇）、完形填空|综合语篇应用，如通过焦虑与AI幽默主题阅读培养信息获取与推理能力，完形填空训练语境理解，实现从单一知识点到综合能力的提升|

[对应知能达标训练P9] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers (作曲家) of the year. 2．He owed his fame (名声) to good fortune. 3．With a 3D printer，a cook can print complicated (复杂的) chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. 4．Many Chinese brands (品牌)，having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market. 5．They conclude (推断出) that the results need to be repeated in a larger study. 6．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel (残酷的) lies can cause pain. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．As the small boat moved gently (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 2．She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion(conclude). 3．So amusing(amuse) was the clown's performance that all the students burst into laughter，forgetting about their troubles and worries for a moment. 4．Extroverts are people who look outwards.They are friendly，sociable，talkative，enthusiastic (enthusiasm)and self-confident. 5．In the words of the great philosopher，“Life is like a box of chocolates，you never know what you're gonna get.” 6．The more complicated (complicate) the task is，the more likely you fail to finish it. 7．One will fall behind the times if one does not acquire new knowledge in time. 8．Jim left the office hurriedly, remarking (remark) that he had some important work to do. 9．This area had laws against cruelty (cruel) to animals but none to protect children. 10．Please keep calm and the police will throw light on the cause of the fire. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。(make＋宾语＋宾补) The Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 2．尽管网络学习证明是有用的，但也存在一些缺点。(while) While online learning proves useful，there exist some disadvantages. 3．每天早晨我所做的第一件事就是进行充分的体育锻炼。(不定式作表语) The first thing I do every morning is(to) take plenty of exercise． Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Humour has been an essential part of human 1. behaviour(behave) for thousands of years.Medieval writings are filled with jokes，which might not be as 2. funny (fun) to us now as they were then.But their authors 3. understood (understand) that humour could not only entertain，but also throw new light 4. on sensitive or emotive issues. Of all the writers in modern times，the 5. most typical (typical) humorists are Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi.The former is an American novelist，6. who is famous for his particular style of writing—funny and often mischievous，while the latter，a Chinese writer，is well-known for his unique brand of humour.Meanwhile，both of them 7. are remembered (remember) for their witty and humorous remarks in the everyday 8. interactions (interaction) with people. Humour plays 9. an important part in our life.10. Sharing (share) jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together.Some people argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for air and water.In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”． Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Anxiety isn't funny.When we feel worried or afraid，the last thing we feel like doing is laughing.Finding humour can be difficult when we live with anxiety.However，if we begin to look for humour，we can find that laughter can be a great coping skill. Researchers have discovered that laughter has many benefits.Among the ways laughter lifts us by increasing our overall well-being and boosting our mental health.When we live with anxiety，our stress hormones pulse through us.This makes us feel tense and anxious.Although there are no quick solutions for anything in our life，a good laugh can instantly begin to reduce these harmful stress hormones that are mixed with anxiety.Laughter gets to work immediately，and a regular “diet” of laughter continues to decrease anxiety over time. The act of laughing is similar to deep breathing in its ability to increase the oxygen in our bodies.Combined with reducing stress hormones，the increased oxygen in our bodies helps lead to muscle relaxation.All of this helps reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety. Laughing feels good.It's addictive and we can keep wanting more.When we laugh regularly，our anxiety begins to decrease.When we have humour and give ourselves a chance to laugh a little bit for even a short while each day，we distract our focus.Rather than seeing the world within or without as a worrying place，we start to see it as a good，safe，and perhaps even fun place.We start to see beyond the anxiety.Sure，the anxiety lingers (徘徊) for a while，but every time we laugh，we can reduce it. Introducing intentional laughter into our life decreases our stress hormones.Breathing deeply during the act of laughing relaxes muscles.Thinking about something funny shifts our focus to new things.Having humour regularly helps our outlook become more positive. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了笑对缓解焦虑的积极作用。 1．What can make us feel nervous? A．Pulsing stress hormones. B．Lacking sense of humour. C．Tiredness and sleepiness. D．Feeling eager to get something. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When we live with anxiety，our stress hormones pulse through us.This makes us feel tense and anxious.”可知，当我们生活在焦虑中时，我们的应激激素在我们体内脉动。这让我们感到紧张和焦虑。由此可知，脉动的应激激素会让我们感到紧张。故选A。 答案　A 2．Why is deep breathing mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To compare it with taking exercise. B．To suggest people do it more often. C．To show its importance to the body. D．To explain how laughing reduces anxiety. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“The act of laughing is similar to deep breathing in its ability to increase the oxygen in our bodies.Combined with reducing stress hormones，the increased oxygen in our bodies helps lead to muscle relaxation.All of this helps reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety.”可知，笑的行为在增加我们体内氧气的能力上与深呼吸相似。与减少应激激素相结合，我们体内增加的氧气有助于肌肉放松，以上这些都有助于减轻焦虑的身体症状。由此可知，提到深呼吸是为了解释笑如何减轻焦虑。故选D。 答案　D 3．What does paragraph 4 focus on in terms of laughter? A．Its functions. B．Its concept. C．Its causes. D．Its disadvantages. 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，笑的感觉很好。它让人上瘾。由此可知，第四段关注的是笑的功能。故选A。 答案　A 4．Who might need to read the text most? A．A person who has developed a bad habit. B．A person who tends to feel nervous easily. C．A person who is fond of humourous stories. D．A person who can't get along well with others. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了笑对缓解焦虑的积极作用，因此容易感到紧张的人最需要阅读这篇文章。故选B。 答案　B B It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What's so funny？” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that's exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design AI that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.The scientists describe their innovative approach to building the funny bone for the Japanese android “Erica” in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(共鸣)，” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue，an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics.“One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.” In the shared-laughter model，a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response.This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter，a second to decide whether to laugh，and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter.The type of laughter is also important，because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter. The team tested Erica's new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system.Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—the shared-laughter system，no laughter，all laughter—and evaluate the interactions based on human-likeness，naturalness and understanding.The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline. “Robots should actually have distinct personalities，and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors，such as laughing，eye gazes，gestures and speaking style，” Inoue added.“We do not think this is an easy problem at all，and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍日本京都大学的研究人员设计了一种共享笑声的人工智能系统，可以对人类的笑声做出适当的反应，以便在对话中建立共鸣。 5．What's the purpose of raising the question “What's so funny” at the beginning? A．To show opinions on funny things. B．To encourage readers to share their ideas. C．To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh. D．To emphasize the importance of being funny. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“It seems no one can really agree on the question of ‘What's so funny？’ So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that's exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design AI that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.”可推断，一开始就提出“什么事这么好笑”这个问题的目的是强调教机器人笑的难度。 答案　C 6．Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “the funny bone” in paragraph 1? A．The sense of humor. B．The shared-laughter system. C．The speaking style. D．The distinct personality. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线短语前文“So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that's exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design AI that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.”可知，日本科学家用创新方法为日本机器人“埃丽卡”制造幽默感。所以the funny bone意为“幽默感”。 答案　A 7．What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system? A．Designing the subsystem to decide whether to laugh. B．Assessing the interactions based on emotions. C．Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica. D．Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“This approach required designing...may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.” 可知，这种方法需要设计三个子系统——一个检测笑声，第二个决定是否要笑，第三个选择合适的笑声类型。再结合第四段中“The team tested Erica's new sense of humor...based on human-likeness，naturalness and understanding.”可知，听每段对话，并根据与人的相似度、自然度和理解力来评估这些互动。因此，共享笑声系统的研究不需要基于情绪评估互动。 答案　B 8．What is Inoue's attitude towards conversational AI? A．Indifferent. B．Suspicious. C．Optimistic. D．Objective. 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“‘Robots should actually have distinct personalities，and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors，such as laughing，eye gazes，gestures and speaking style，’Inoue added.‘We do not think this is an easy problem at all，and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.’”可推断出，Inoue对对话AI的态度是客观的。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 I was standing across the lady in the laundry(洗衣店).I got angry as I thought she had 1 my pants.The woman stated 2 that I hadn't dropped my pants there. “Can't you just check to 3 if there are some blue pants lying around somewhere？” I asked.She said that I didn't bring any pants 4 she always double checked people's orders.She went to try one more time and I thought about the last time I had seen them.When she 5 empty-handed，I suddenly had a(n) 6 ．“Hold on a second，” I said nervously.“I need to 7 my wife.” I asked my wife to look in the drawer(抽屉) where I usually collect the dirty clothes.Then I 8 until my wife got back on the phone.“Yeah，you've got some blue pants in here，” she said. It's not the first time I've 9 made negative assumptions(假定).Once I got 10 with a waiter who ignored me when I spoke to him from behind.When he finally 11 ，I realized he was deaf. I always give myself 12 to read people's minds and make assumptions with very little 13 ．We apparently think we don't need to check our assumptions.We're always 14 to give the thing a little bit of 15 ，which people need regardless of whether our assumptions are right. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为洗衣机店发生的一件小事，意识到自己的一个问题，即经常对别人进行消极的猜测，缺乏一些理解和善意。 1．A.sold B．hidden C．lost D．stolen 解析　句意：“我”生气了因为“我”以为她把“我”的裤子弄丢了。根据下文“Can't you just check to 3 if there are some blue pants lying around somewhere？”可知是丢失。故选C。 答案　C 2．A.firmly B．slowly C．quickly D．rudely 解析　句意：那女人坚定地说“我”没有把裤子放在那里。根据下文“She said that I didn't bring any pants 4 she always double checked people's orders.”可知是坚定地。故选A。 答案　A 3．A.guess B．request C．imply D．see 解析　句意：你就不能看看附近有没有蓝色的裤子？根据上文“Can't you just check”可知是看。故选D。 答案　D 4．A.if B．because C．though D．when 解析　句意：她说我没带裤子，因为她总是复核顾客的订单。故选B。 答案　B 5．A.returned B．came C．left D．joined 解析　句意：当她空手而归时，“我”突然有了一个主意。根据上文“She went to try one more time”可知是返回。故选A。 答案　A 6．A.note B．problem C．plan D．idea 解析　根据上文“I thought about the last time I had seen them”可知是有了一个想法。故选D。 答案　D 7．A.save B．call C．find D．help 解析　句意：“我”要给“我”妻子打电话。根据下文“until my wife got back on the phone”可知是打电话。故选B。 答案　B 8．A.apologized B．agreed C．argued D．explored 解析　句意：然后“我”道歉，直到“我”妻子回了电话。根据下文 “‘Yeah，you've got some blue pants in here，’she said.”可知是作者错怪了店员，所以是道歉。故选A。 答案　A 9．A.honestly B．bravely C．unfairly D．finally 解析　句意：这不是我第一次不公平地做出消极的假设。根据下文“negative assumptions”可知是不公平地。故选C。 答案　C 10．A.annoyed B．happy C．frightened D．excited 解析　句意：有一次“我”对一个服务员很生气，“我”在后面跟他说话时，他不理“我”。根据下文“who ignored me”可知是生气的。故选A。 答案　A 11．A.went around B．looked around C．came around D．turned around 解析　句意：当他终于转过身来时，“我”意识到他是聋的。根据上文“when I spoke to him from behind”可知是转身。故选D。 答案　D 12．A.time B．energies C．permission D．opportunities 解析　句意：“我”总是允许自己去猜测人们的思想，在很少信息的情况下做出假设。故选C。 答案　C 13．A.information B．order C．translation D．instruction 解析　句意：“我”总是允许自己去猜测人们的思想，在很少信息的情况下做出假设。根据下文“We apparently think we don't need to check our assumptions.”可知是信息。故选A。 答案　A 14．A.easy B．unwilling C．uncertain D．ready 解析　句意：我们总是不愿意给事物一点善意，不管我们的假设是否正确，人们都需要这样的善意。故选B。 答案　B 15．A.ignorance B．kindness C．mercy D．inspiration 解析　句意：我们总是不愿意给事物一点善意，不管我们的假设是否正确，人们都需要这样的善意。根据上文“We apparently think we don't need to check our assumptions”可知是善意。故选B。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $