Unit 1 Section Ⅲ（配套word）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义以“幽默的重要性”为主题，通过分类表格系统梳理知识体系，涵盖核心词汇（如conclude、fall behind）、重点短语（如throw light on、cannot help but do）及重点句式（如while让步状语从句、不定式作表语），并以思维导图呈现语法结构与语块联系，突出语言知识的内在逻辑与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“案例融合-分层训练”设计，结合马克·吐温和汪曾祺的幽默案例分析培养文化意识，通过阅读理解题（如人物性格推断）、语法填空题（如conclude的词形转换）及写作微练（如个性描写句型）分层提升，助力基础学生掌握方法、优秀学生深化思维，支持学生自主复习，为教师精准教学提供系统资源。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas [对应学生用书P14] The Importance of Humour Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour① for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval② writings are filled with③ jokes.[1]While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on④ sensitive or emotive⑤ issues⑥. [1]此句中连词While引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然、尽管”；在该状语从句中又包含一个as引导的比较状语从句；that humour...issues为that引导的宾语从句，其中not only...but also...连接并列谓语。 Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for⑦ his ability to combine humour with⑧ more serious messages is American writer，Mark Twain.Twain's particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous⑨.For example，in his classic⑩ novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy.[2]All you have to do is cross out⑪ the wrong words.” But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑫ in his everyday interactions⑬ with people.For instance，[3]while on a lecturing tour of the United States，Twain went into a barber's shop⑭ to get a haircut and a shave⑮.The barber，[4]not recognising⑯ him，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre.Twain's response⑰ was，“That's just my luck⑱.I always have to stand when that fellow⑲ lectures⑳！” [2]此句中不定代词All作主语；“you have to do”是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词all。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略to。 [3]此处是“连词＋介词短语”结构，可看作是时间状语从句“while he was on a lecturing tour of the United States”的省略形式。while在此意为“在……期间”。 [4]此处为v.-ing短语not recognising him作后置定语，修饰The barber，recognise与The barber之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour㉑.In his essay㉒“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than㉓ 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding㉔ that，“The world is full of amusing㉕ things.The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud，even when you're just sitting by yourself.” Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards㉖ life.He himself gives the best example to the word “humour”．One day，one of his readers flattered㉗ him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for，first，the poet Qin Shaoyou，and second，Wang Zengqi.” Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle㉘ response，“No，Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me.I can only stay in the third place㉙.”On another occasion㉚，Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to㉛ speak last.He walked to the podium㉜ and began，“Unfortunately，none of today's speakers have last names㉝starting with㉞ X，Y，or Z，so I am the last one to speak.Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired.But don't worry.My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail.” Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate㉟ the world.Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain.But I pour㊱ my true feelings into it.The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but㊲ love it back.” Life is never smooth sailing㊳ and sometimes can be complicated㊴ and cruel㊵.But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm㊶ for life.In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of㊷ Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”． ①human behaviour人类行为 behaviour n.[U]行为，举止 ②medieval adj.中世纪的，中古时期的 ③be filled with...＝be full of...充满…… ④throw light on使(问题等)较容易理解 ⑤emotive adj.使情绪激动的 emotion n.[C，U]情感，情绪 ⑥issue n.[C]问题；(杂志或报刊的)期 vt.公布；出版 environmental issues环境问题 ⑦be remembered for...因为……而被铭记 ⑧combine...with...把……与……结合起来 ⑨mischievous adj.调皮的，淘气的 ⑩classic adj.经典的 n.[C]经典作品 classical adj.古典的 ⑪cross out划掉，删掉(错字) ⑫remark n.[C]言论；意见，评论 vi.& vt.评论 make remarks about sth＝remark on sth就某事发表评论 ⑬interaction n.[U，C]交流 interact vi.交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用 interact with sb/sth与某人沟通；与某物相互作用 ⑭a barber's shop理发店 barber n.[C]男理发师 ⑮shave n.[C]& vi.& vt.刮脸，刮胡子 get/have a shave刮脸 ⑯recognise vt.认出；承认；(正式) 认可 recognise...as...承认/认可……是…… recognition n.[U]识别；[usually sing.，U]承认 ⑰response n.[C，U](口头的或书面的)回答，答复；反应，响应 respond vt.& vi.回答 vi.作出反应 make a response to＝respond to对……作出反应/回复 ⑱just one's luck(对自己的遭遇并不惊讶)常不走运，就这运气 ⑲fellow n.[C]男人；家伙 ⑳lecture[熟词生义] vi.(尤指在大学里)开讲座，讲授，讲课 ㉑brand of humour某种类型的幽默 brand n.[C]类型；品牌，牌子 ㉒essay n.短文，论说文 ㉓fewer than少于，不到 ㉔conclude v.作出……结论，推断出 ㉕amusing adj.逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的 ㉖attitude towards/to对……的态度 ㉗flatter v.奉承，讨好 ㉘gentle adj.和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的 gently adv.温和地；轻柔地 ㉙ in the third place第三名 ㉚on...occasion在……场合下 ㉛be scheduled to do sth被安排做某事，定于做某事 ㉜podium n.表演台，讲台 ㉝last name姓 first name名 ㉞ start with ＝ begin with以……开始 ㉟illuminate v.照亮，照明 ㊱pour(...) into大量投入(精力或时间等) ㊲cannot help but do 禁不住；情不自禁地 ㊳smooth sailing一帆风顺，顺利 ㊴complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的 ㊵cruel adj.残忍的 cruelty n.[U](尤指蓄意的)残酷，残忍，残暴 [C，usually pl.] 残暴的行为 ㊶enthusiasm n.热情，热忱 ㊷in the words of...用……的话说 幽默的重要性 几千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，中世纪的作品中也充满了笑话。虽然这些同样的笑话现在对我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但它们的作者明白幽默不仅可以娱乐，还可以为敏感问题或易引起激烈争论的问题提供新的视角。 近现代时期，有一个人以能将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合而著称，这个人就是美国作家马克·吐温。马克·吐温独特的写作风格有趣而诙谐。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，他有句名言：“写作容易。你所要做的就是把错误的单词划掉。”但他也同样因日常人际交往中的风趣言辞而闻名。例如，有一次在美国巡回演讲时，马克·吐温走进一家理发店理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有那场演讲的票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去参加那个活动他必须站着，因为剧院里没有剩余的座位了。 马克·吐温回答道：“我总是这样倒霉。当那个家伙开讲座时，我总是站着！” 和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。在他的文章《论幽默》中，汪曾祺用不到600个字的篇幅介绍了几个名人的幽默例子，得出的结论是：“世界上充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们，你总是会哈哈大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” 汪曾祺认为幽默不仅表现一个人的个性，也反映一个人对生活的态度。他自己就是“幽默”这个词的最好例子。有一天，他的一位读者奉承他说：“高邮以诗人秦绍友闻名，其次是汪曾祺。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不满，只是温和地回答说：“不，高邮的咸鸭蛋比我出名得多。我只能排在第三位。”另一次，汪曾祺应邀在美国发表演讲，并且安排在最后发言，他走到讲台上说：“不幸的是，今天所有的发言人的姓氏都不是以X、Y或Z开头的，所以我是最后一个发言的。最后一个发言很难，因为大家都已经很累了，但是别担心。我的发言会像兔子的尾巴一样短。” 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白幽默不仅仅是为了让人发笑，更是一种生活方式，一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾经说过：“人生如梦，短暂而不确定，但我倾注了真挚的感情。世界首先给了我爱，所以我情不自禁地爱它。”生活从来不是一帆风顺的，有时会很复杂，很残酷，但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有人可能会说，我们对幽默的需求几乎和对水、空气的需求一样大。用马克·吐温的话来说，“幽默是人类最伟大的恩赐”。 [对应学生用书P17] Ⅰ.重点词汇 核心单词 1．fame n.名声，名誉 2．tale n.故事 3. remark n.言论；意见，评论 4．shave n.刮脸，刮胡子 5．fellow n.男人；家伙 6．essay n.短文，论说文 7．flatter v.奉承，讨好 拓展单词 8．literary adj.文学的→literature n.文学 9．consistently adv.一贯地；一致地→consistent adj.一致的；符合的 10．optimism n.乐观；乐观主义→optimistic adj.乐观的→optimist n.乐观主义者；乐观的人 11．interaction n.交流→interact v.相互作用；交流；合作 12．conclude v.结束，终止→conclusion n.结论 13．gently adv.温和地；轻柔地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 14．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n.残忍，残酷 15．enthusiasm v.热情，热忱→enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv.热心地；热情地 16．complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的→complicate vt.使更复杂 17．composer n.作曲家→compose vt.作曲；创作 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．throw light on 使(某事)显得非常清楚；使人了解(某事) 2．brand of humour 某种类型的幽默 3．cannot help but do 禁不住；不得不 4．in the words of...用……话说 5．fall behind 不能按时完成(工作) Ⅲ.重点句式 1．while引导让步状语从句 While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then (虽然这些同样的笑话现在对我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣)，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues. 2．不定式作表语 All you have to do is cross out the wrong words (把错误的单词划掉). 3．the way＋定语从句 In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked (他走路的方式) when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character. [对应学生用书P17] Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．According to the description in the second paragraph，which of the following can best describe Mark Twain? A．Humorous and stubborn. B．Arrogant and intelligent. C．Witty and humorous. D．Strong and tireless. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3? A．Wang Zengqi likes Mark Twain very much. B．Wang Zengqi is well known for his particular style of humour. C．Wang Zengqi created the English word “humour”． D．Wang Zengqi created the Chinese word “youmo”． 3．Which of the following can be true of Wang Zengqi? A．He is creative and quick-witted. B．He was able to talk with animals. C．He borrowed many words from Ancient Chinese literature. D．He was respected by Mark Twain. 4．Why did Mark Twain think “Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”？ A．Humour is a tool to make people laugh. B．Humour separates people from their enemies. C．Our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. D．Humour helped him a lot when he wrote his novels. 答案　1—4　CBAC [对应学生用书P18] [核心词汇·练透] conclude v.结束；终止vt.作出结论；推断出 (→conclusion n.结论；结束) (1)conclude from... (从……中)推断出 conclude sth　 以……结束 (2)arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 总而言之；最后 [教材原句]In his essay “On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things.The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud，even when you're just sitting by yourself.” 在他的文章《论幽默》中，汪曾祺用不到600个字的篇幅介绍了几个名人的幽默例子，得出的结论是：“世界上充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们，你总是会哈哈大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” [练通]——单句语法填空/ 补全句子/ 完成句子 (1)Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices，which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) (2)When we come across such factual differences，we should not rush to the conclusion(conclude) that one of the news reports gives false information. (3)They discussed the problem for a whole day，but they couldn't draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion(得出结论). (4)学习外语需要你的记忆力、时间、耐心和情感投入。总之，这不是一件简单的事情。 Learning foreign languages calls for your memory，time，patience，and emotion.In conclusion，it's not a simple thing.(应用文之建议信) fall behind 不能按时完成(工作)；落后 fall behind with　没有及时做；拖欠(付款) fall apart　破裂；崩溃 fall over　被……绊倒 fall on　适逢(某日) fall off　跌落；数量减少；质量下降 [教材原句]When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work. 当一只蜜蜂围着查理的脸转来转去时，他的工作被耽误了。 [练通]——用fall的相关短语完成句子 (1) I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fell over last night. (2) The newly built bridge fell apart because it was not strong enough to support heavy lorries. (3)At the club，I had my first try at skateboarding and fell off the board a lot. (4)Last term，I became ill and spent two months in hospital，thus falling behind others. (5)The Mid-Autumn Festival，as the name suggest，falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. [重点句型·通关] 不定式作表语 “be＋to do”结构用法归纳如下： (1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作； (2)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。 (3)主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可省略符号to。 (1)[教材原句]All you have to do is cross out the wrong words. 你所要做的就是把错误的单词划掉。 (2)[教材原句]Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour. 和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)I want to experience some Chinese culture and see the natural beauty there，but my main goal is to find(find) out which university is the best for me to attend. (2)What you need most now is (to) get(get) enough sleep instead of staying up late playing games，so you can focus in class.(应用文之建议信) (3)我现在唯一能做的就是每天早上练习跑步，为即将到来的马拉松做准备。 The only thing I can do now is (to) practice running every morning to prepare for the coming marathon.(续写佳句之心理描写) the way＋定语从句 way作“方式，方法”讲时，后接定语从句时有两种情况： (1)way表示“方式，方法”时，其后常接that/in which引导的定语从句，当关系词在从句中作状语时，可以将关系词that/in which省略。 (2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时可以省略。 (3)way表示“方式，方法”时，其后还可接动词不定式或of doing sth的形式。 [教材原句]In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character. 在我看来，查理·卓别林最有趣的地方在于他扮演流浪汉时的走路方式，流浪汉是他最著名的角色。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 句式升级 (1)The way that/which the teacher explained to us in the class was quite simple. (2)You should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve (improve) your study. (3)Can you work out a way? We can solve the problem in this way. →Can you work out a way (that/in which) we can solve the problem? (定语从句) [对应学生用书P20] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．acquire fame 获得名声 2．in particular 尤其；特别 3．regard...as 把……视作；认为……是 4．fill (sth) with 使(某物) 充满…… 5．combine...with/and 使……与……结合/混合；兼备…… 6．a classic novel 经典小说 7．cross out 删掉；删去 8．an interaction with 与……交流/互动 9．a master of humour 幽默大师 10．reflect a person's attitude towards life 反应了一个人对生活的态度 11．in the third place 第三 12．give a speech 发表演讲 13．start with 以……开始 14．pour one's true feelings into 把自己的真实情感倾注进去 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．If this fellow (同伴) participant is unwilling or unable to cooperate，the task may become even more challenging. 2．The book is full of amusing(有趣的) anecdotes about his travels，each one more entertaining than the last. 3．缺席了两个星期后，我的工作进度落后了，决心迎头赶上。 Having been absent for two weeks，I fell behind with my work and was determined to catch up. 4．我们需要做的事就是开心地过好每一天。 All we need to do is(to) live each day happily． 5．我得出结论，他不是这个工作的合适人选。 I've come to/reached/drawn the conclusion that he's not the right person for the job. [对应学生用书P21] 个性、品格描写 Ⅰ.常用词汇 课文词汇 1．witty remarks诙谐的言语 2．a sense of humour幽默感 3．reflect a person's attitude towards life反映了一个人对生活的态度 4．pour one's true feelings into...把某人的真实感受倾注其中 5．maintain our enthusiasm for life保持对生活的热情 补充词汇 6．interact with和……互动 7．be famous for因为……出名 8．devote oneself to sth致力于…… 9．a sense of pride自豪感 10．decide/determine/resolve/make up one's mind(s) to do sth下定决心做某事 11．bear fruit奏效；取得成果 12．play an important part/role in...在……中发挥重要作用 13．make/leave an impression on给……留下印象 Ⅱ.常用句型 课本原句 1．But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。 2．Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response. 汪曾祺没有表现出任何不满，只是温和地回应。 3．Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain.But I pour my true feelings into it.The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but love it back. 人生如梦，短暂而不确定，但我倾注了真挚的感情。世界首先给了我爱，所以我情不自禁地爱它。 4．Charlie Chaplin was one of the best comedy actors of his time because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh. 查理·卓别林是他那个时代最好的喜剧演员之一，因为他知道如何利用自己的身体和面部特征来逗人发笑。 其他表达 5．I felt a sense of pride as part of this team，whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes. 作为这个团队的一员我有了一种自豪感，他们对事业的热爱从他们的眼睛里可以闪现出来。 6．He is frank and outspoken and never beats about the bush. 他直白且坦率，从不拐弯抹角。 7．You will be successful in whatever you do and you will have a very full and interesting life. 你不管做什么都会成功，并且会过着非常充实又有趣的生活。 Ⅲ.写作微练 1．作为 20 世纪最著名的幽默大师，查理·卓别林创造了很多有趣的角色，给我们带来了很多笑声。 As the most famous master of humour of the 20th century，Charlie Chaplin created many funny characters and brought us a lot of laughter. 2．他思维敏捷，充分发挥了自己的幽默感，缓解了现在尴尬的场面。 Thinking on his feet，he gave full play to his sense of humour to ease this awkward situation. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $