Unit 1 Relationships 单元综合检测1（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 本单元综合检测以“基础巩固-能力提升-综合应用”为梯度，覆盖阅读、语言运用及写作模块，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，适配单元复习目标。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础|词汇辨析、细节信息提取|阅读A/B篇细节题（如Magna Carta位置）、语法填空基础语法（如冠词、介词），夯实语言能力| |提升|语篇分析、逻辑推理|阅读C/D篇推理题（如“click”词义）、七选五信息匹配，培养思维品质与文化意识| |综合|情境写作、语言输出|应用文邀请邮件、读后续写（兄弟和解情境），提升综合语言运用与跨文化沟通能力|

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025· 全国二卷) English Market Towns to Visit in the UK English market towns come in many shapes and sizes.Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.But each town has more to do than shop. Hereford，Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.Skirting the town square，you'll find lovely shops，eateries，and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.It's also home to an ancient library.One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. Ludlow，Shropshire Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England.Butcher shops，greengrocers，bakeries，and cheese shops line the town square.Bordering the square，the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September. Shrewsbury，Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety.The River Severn has a significant turn through town，almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets，window boxes，and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. Mevagissey，Cornwall Even if you haven't been to the small fishing village Mevagissey，you've probably seen it in a movie or British TV show.The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774.Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious. [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了英国四个特色集镇，每个集镇均以市场贸易为核心，同时具备独特的历史文化特色或自然景观。 1．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England. C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据Hereford，Herefordshire部分中的“The Hereford Cathedral...One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，《大宪章》的原件展示在赫里福德大教堂。故选C。 2．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A．It's situated near a big island. B．It's almost surrounded by water. C．It's known for its flower festival. D．It's easily accessible from London. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury，Shropshire部分中的“The River Severn has a significant turn through town，almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center”可知，塞文河在镇里有一个显著的转弯，几乎使什鲁斯伯里镇中心成为一个岛屿。由此可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。B项“它几乎被水包围”。故选B。 3．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey? A．Try the Cornish pie. B．Watch a British TV show. C．Go fishing in the sea. D．Take pictures of the harbor. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据Mevagissey，Cornwall部分中的“Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious.”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西尝试传统的康沃尔馅饼。故选A。 B When a Houston dad found out his eight-year-old son was being bullied (欺负)，he didn't get mad at the classmate who teased him.Instead，he talked with the so-called bully and realized that the boy was struggling，too. Aubrey Fontenot's son，Jordan，told him a boy named Tamarion was teasing him.Fontenot decided to sit down with his son and Tamarion to understand what was going on，and something unexpected happened. Tamarion told Fontenot he was being teased at school，too.“I asked，‘By who? You are big.You are huge.Who is teasing you？’” the father said.“He said，‘Just all the other kids，man.They are making fun of me.’” Fontenot learned that Tamarion was getting teased for his clothes and shoes—his clothes and shoes were old and dirty.Fontenot then spoke to the boy's mother.“She kind of confirmed it，” Fontenot said.“And she said，‘That's the kind of situation.’” He felt sympathetic to the young boy and wanted to help.So he asked Tamarion's mom if he could take her son to do some shopping. Fontenot posted videos of their trip to the mall on social media and they went viral.Tamarion eventually smiled，and then the two were laughing and singing together on their shopping trip.Just as if he were taking his own son to do some shopping，Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes，and shared words of wisdom with him. Then，the dad united the two boys.He said it was awkward at first—just a day earlier，they didn't get along well at school.But the two classmates started playing sports games together and soon became friends. It was not just about the clothes and shoes.Tamarion gained a friend in Jordan，and a mentor in his dad.Fontenot said he was also bullied when he was a child，so he knew it was important to listen to Tamarion's story.He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together.“I wouldn't say that was the goal，but that was the reward，” Fontenot said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了当孩子在学校受到欺负时，一位父亲是如何冷静和理智地处理这种问题的。 4．What was Fontenot's attitude toward his son's being bullied? A．Amazed and embarrassed. B．Angry and impatient. C．Calm and sensible. D．Sad and discouraged. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段“When a Houston dad found...realized that the boy was struggling，too.”可知，Fontenot对于Jordan在学校被欺负这件事的态度是冷静和理智的。故选C。 5．Why did the author say “something unexpected happened” in the second paragraph? A．Fontenot liked Tamarion instantly. B．Tamarion bullied Jordan out of kindness. C．Tamarion was also a victim of bullying. D．Fontenot and Tamarion's mother used to be friends. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Tamarion told Fontenot he was being teased at school，too.”可知，作者提到了意料之外的情况，是为了说明Tamarion在学校也是被欺负的受害者。故选C。 6．What did Fontenot do to solve the problem of bullying? A．He turned to the school for help. B．He asked Tamarion's mother to settle the problem. C．He ordered his son never to play with Tamarion again. D．He made the two boys united and join together. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段中的“He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together.”可知，Fontenot通过让这两个孩子团结在一起解决了这个问题。故选D。 7．What can we know from the text? A．Jordan's being bullied arose from his clothes and shoes. B．Jordan and Tamarion got along well in the beginning. C．Tamarion's mother paid little attention to Tamarion. D．Fontenot communicated with Tamarion's mother to know about him. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fontenot then spoke to the boy's mother.‘She kind of confirmed it，’ Fontenot said...”可知，Fontenot通过和Tamarion母亲的交流了解该孩子的一些情况。故选D。 C Have you ever worried about how people feel about you after hanging out with them for the first time? If you have, you are not the only one.It turns out that, after meeting someone new, most people like the other person more than they think the other person likes them back.It seems that when we meet new people, we suffer from an illusion called the liking gap: We imagine that others like us less than we like them back, even though this is often not the case. The first study that discovered the liking gap was done with adults.Researchers invited college students to come to a research laboratory where they chatted with another person they did not know.Afterwards, they were asked separately how much they liked this other person and how much they thought the other person liked them back. The researchers found that most students said they liked the other person, but thought the other person liked them less.The length of the conversation did not matter.Even more surprising was that the liking gap stuck around for a while even after the people got to know each other.Even after 6 months, students still experienced a liking gap, and it was only after 9 months that the liking gap no longer existed. Do researchers also find liking gaps in real life? Researchers asked a new group of college students the same questions.The students talked to each other, but this time, they did not know they were part of a study.They were told they were taking part in a workshop on how to talk to strangers better.Even in this situation, students thought that the person they were talking to liked them less than they liked them back.Finally, the liking gap is not just a trick the mind plays on us when we are talking to one person.Another study showed that the liking gap still exists even in a group. 8．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “illusion” in paragraph 1? A．A false feeling. B．A serious disease. C．A terrible memory. D．A severe loneliness. 9．What does the second paragraph focus on? A．How the study was done. B．What the study found. C．Why liking gap appears. D．Who took part in the study. 10．What can we learn about liking gap from paragraph 3? A．It makes a talk difficult. B．It improves relationships. C．It may last for a long time. D．It is common among adults. 11．What might be talked about following the text? A．The causes of liking gap. B．The liking gap in groups. C．Ways to handle liking gap. D．Tricks the mind plays on us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“喜好差距”现象及研究人员对这个现象的研究。 8．解析　A　词义猜测题。根据下文“We imagine that others like us less than we like them back, even though this is often not the case.(我们总以为别人喜欢我们不如我们喜欢他们，尽管事实往往并非如此。)”可知，人们想象新朋友不如自己喜欢对方一样喜欢自己，这其实是一种错觉。故画线词意思是“错觉”。故选A。 9．解析　A　主旨大意题。根据第二段“The first study that discovered the liking gap was done with adults.Researchers invited college students to come to a research laboratory where they chatted with another person they did not know.Afterwards, they were asked separately how much they liked this other person and how much they thought the other person liked them back.(第一个发现喜好差距的研究是在成年人中进行的。研究人员邀请大学生来到一个研究实验室，在那里他们与另一个他们不认识的人聊天。之后，他们分别被问及他们有多喜欢这个人，以及他们认为对方有多喜欢他们。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是研究的方法和过程。故选A。 10．解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段“Even more surprising was that the liking gap stuck around for a while even after the people got to know each other.Even after 6 months, students still experienced a liking gap, and it was only after 9 months that the liking gap no longer existed.(更令人惊讶的是，即使在人们相互了解之后，这种喜好差距还会持续一段时间。即使在6个月后，学生仍然会感受到喜好差距，直到9个月后，喜好差距才不再存在)”可知，喜好差距现象会持续很长时间。故选C。 11．解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Another study showed that the liking gap still exists even in a group.(另一项研究表明，即使在一个群体中，喜好差距仍然存在。)”可知，文章最后提到在群体中的喜好差距现象。推测因此接下来很可能就此话题展开论述。故选B。 D (2024－2025学年江西抚州期中)When everyone's so busy, it can be hard to keep in touch with the people who matter.Leela Morris's solution was to set up a book club to regularly get all of her favourite people in one place. “I had a series of conversations with people who said things like: I enjoy reading, and I don't want to party as much any more，” says 34-year-old Leela Morris, recalling how the book club she founded seven years ago came into being.Her friend and fellow book club member Eva Roberts, 35, laughs in agreement: “I remember texting you on my way back from a party, thinking: I'm too old for this, I need something a bit more healthy！” And they weren't alone.Soon Morris had gathered a group of five other regular members including her mum Linda.“Then there's Paige, who I used to work with, and Astrid, who I lived with in Paris，” Roberts adds, going on to mention “horse-crazy” Abi, and Louisa, who's originally from Brazil, and who was looking for a few more friends in London. As she continues, it's clear to see the appreciation for the friendships strengthened through the club, as well as the conversations shared and the memories made.In short, Roberts says, they all just “click”． The friends insist there have never been any heated arguments over the books' themes or topics— instead, they say, it has really helped “open up conversations” among the group.“Because there are no rules—apart from whoever chooses the book, hosts the gathering event—there are no limits to what is chosen.In some book clubs it's only fiction, but here there are no limits and you read things you wouldn't normally read，” says Morris.“The different viewpoints have really opened my eyes to lots of books and subjects.” 12．According to the passage, what did Morris and Roberts both consider in their 30s? A．Making more friends. B．Reading more novels. C．Attending fewer parties. D．Focusing more on health. 13．Who was a roommate of Roberts? A．Abi. B．Louisa. C．Paige. D．Astrid. 14．In para 4, what does Roberts probably mean by saying they “click”？ A．They are always on time. B．They do similar jobs. C．They get on well with each other. D．They have various personalities. 15．What's the rule of Morris's book club? A．Fiction cannot be chosen. B．Who picks the book is the host. C．Arguments are not allowed. D．The events are hosted by turns. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述Leela Morris成立了一个读书俱乐部，作为与朋友进行交流的场所，在俱乐部她结交了许多志同道合的好友。 12．解析　C　推理判断题。由文章第二段“‘I had a series of conversations with people who said things like: I enjoy reading, and I don't want to party as much any more，’ says 34-year-old Leela Morris, recalling how the book club she founded seven years ago came into being.Her friend and fellow book club member Eva Roberts, 35, laughs in agreement: ‘I remember texting you on my way back from a party, thinking: I'm too old for this, I need something a bit more healthy！’(34岁的Leela Morris回忆起她七年前创立的读书俱乐部是如何成立的，她说：‘我和一些人进行了一系列的交谈，他们说：我喜欢读书，我不想再参加那么多聚会了。’她的朋友、35岁的读书俱乐部成员Eva Roberts也笑着表示赞同：‘我记得在聚会回来的路上给你发短信，心想：我年纪太大了，不能做这个，我需要更健康的东西！’)”可知，Morris 和 Roberts都考虑在30多岁时减少参加聚会。故选C。 13．解析　D　细节理解题。由文章第三段“Then there's Paige, who I used to work with, and Astrid, who I lived with in Paris(然后是Paige，我曾经和他一起工作过，还有Astrid，我在巴黎和她住在一起)”可知，Astrid曾是Roberts的室友。故选D。 14．解析　C　推理判断题。由文章第四段“As she continues, it's clear to see the appreciation for the friendships strengthened through the club, as well as the conversations shared and the memories made.In short, Roberts says, they all just ‘click’．(随着她的继续，很明显，通过俱乐部加强了对友谊的欣赏，以及分享的对话和留下的回忆。简而言之， Roberts说，他们都只是‘click’。)”可知，通过俱乐部加强了对友谊的欣赏，由此可推知，Roberts可能是说他们相处得很好，友谊得以加强。故选C。 15．解析　B　细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Because there are no rules—apart from whoever chooses the book, hosts the gathering event—there are no limits to what is chosen.(因为没有规则——除了谁选择这本书，谁主持聚会活动——所有选择的东西没有限制。)”可知，Morris读书俱乐部的规则是谁挑书谁主持。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Building a healthy family relationship is essential for families of all types.Without a healthy family relationship, it can feel like someone has no one to turn to in times of crisis.Yet family members are there for you whenever you need them. 16 Eat dinner as a family every night. 17 Parents.com states that eating together teaches children proper etiquette (礼节) and also encourages them to eat healthier foods.Even if you don't have children, eating together allows you to relax from the busy pace of work and discuss the day. 18 If your husband asks for some time alone, give it to him.Don't check your teenagers' things when they aren't around.Everyone needs some time alone, and respecting privacy is one of the things that build solid relationships. Spend recreational time together.You can play board games together every Friday night, join a family sporting league or read a book together.It can be challenging to make time for families, creating regular family rituals, such as fun events. 19 Spending regular time together is what makes a family a tight unit. 20 To maintain a healthy family relationship, each member must be able to communicate freely with one another, as well as listen effectively.Listening allows you to learn more about your family members' thoughts and personalities and communicating allows you to express yourself to relieve frustrations and other emotions. A．Respect each other's personal space. B．Never try to interrupt a family member. C．Allow everyone to openly communicate feelings. D．This effective type of communication prevents arguments. E．But it can help you reconnect each week and know each other better. F．Eating together as a family is a healthy habit that helps bring all together. G．Healthy family relationships don't come automatically－they come with time and effort. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。介绍了四种建立健康的家庭关系的方法。 16．解析　G　根据下文内容可知，此处应选一个能够起承上启下的作用的句子，G项符合语境。故选G。 17．解析　F　选项F中的“Eating together as a family”与本段的主题句“Eat dinner as a family every night”及空后的“eating together”相呼应，故选F。 18．解析　A　根据下文中的“some time alone”“respecting privacy”可知，A项“Respect each other's personal space”最能概括本段的主要内容。故选A。 19．解析　E　由空前的“It can be challenging to make time for families, creating regular family rituals，such as fun events.”可知E项符合语境。故选E。 20．解析　C　由下文中的“...each member must be able to communicate freely with one another”可知，本段的中心思想是让家人自由地交流，C项的“openly communicate”最能恰当概括。故选C。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·全国一卷)One August afternoon，I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __21__ the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.We had decided on key items for the __22__ we were moving to in town，donated what we could，and rented a place to __23__ our supposedly important objects.That left a house still __24__ with things that，while not particularly __25__，didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online，for $10.A couple of messages came in，one wanting additional __26__，another asking for a price cut.As our __27__ day drew near，I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.The __28__：“I hate this vase.Maybe you won't.” In an instant，a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. __29__，I posted more.My daily posts and the __30__ I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.Each exchange provided a chance to __31__ the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have __32__． I sit in my apartment today，loving each of the __33__ that share our small space.I take __34__ in knowing that，somewhere nearby，someone is __35__ something that couldn't come with us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为要搬家，需要处理家里的东西。作者在处理的过程中想到把部分物品放到网上，让喜欢的人取走，这种方式给作者带来了不一样的体验和感悟。 21．A.painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 解析　根据空前的“My husband and I had just sold our house”可知，作者和丈夫刚刚把房子卖掉，所以他们忙着清空家里的东西。paint over“刷油漆覆盖”；look around“环视，参观”；empty out“清空，腾空”；pull down“拆毁，拆掉”。故选C。 答案　C 22．A.hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 解析　根据最后一段中的“I sit in my apartment today”可知，作者他们已经确定了要搬到新公寓的重要物件。hotel“旅馆”；office“办公室”；cottage“小屋”；apartment“公寓”。故选D。 答案　D 23．A.store B．display C．sell D．repair 解析　根据空前的“rented a place”可知，作者他们租了一个地方来存放重要的东西。store“保存”；display“展示”；sell“卖”；repair“修理”。故选A。 答案　A 24．A.covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 解析　上文提到作者他们捐了部分东西，租了一个地方放重要的东西。此处表示家里还堆满了不是很重要但是又不至于扔掉的东西。cover“掩蔽，遮盖”；decorate“装饰”；stuff“填满，装满，塞满”；equip“配备”。故选C。 答案　C 25．A.conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 解析　根据空前的“supposedly important objects”及空后的“didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场)”可推知，这些东西不至于被扔掉，说明它们还有用，尽管不是很重要。conventional“传统的”；valuable“很重要的，很有用的”；complicated“复杂的”；tolerable“尚好的，过得去的，还可以的”。故选B。 答案　B 26．A.fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 解析　根据空前的“I took a picture of the vase”“wanting additional”可知，有人想要更多关于这个花瓶的照片。fee“费用”；photo“照片”；receipt“收据”；model“模型”。故选B。 答案　B 27．A.move B．pay C．market D．work 解析　根据语境可知，作者他们搬家离开的日子要到了。move“搬家”；pay“工资，薪水”；market“市场”；work“工作”。故选A。 答案　A 28．A.warning B．request C．description D．reply 解析　空前提到作者把这个花瓶标价0美元然后重新上传到网上，空后的“I hate this vase.Maybe you won't”应是作者在上传的同时附上了这样的描述或说明。warning“警告”；request“请求”；description“描述，说明”；reply“回复”。故选C。 答案　C 29．A.Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 解析　根据第三段中的“In an instant，a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”及空后的“I posted more”可知，一个女子冲到作者家，拿着花瓶开心地离开。作者受到这件事的鼓舞，在网上发布了更多物品信息。confuse“使困惑”；interest“使感兴趣”；disappoint“使失望”；encourage“鼓励，激励”。故选D。 答案　D 30．A.visits B．reports C．advice D．money 解析　根据空前的“a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase”“posted more”可知，作者发布了更多东西，有更多人来到她的家里进行交易。visit“访问，参观”；report“报道”；advice“建议”；money“收入，钱”。故选A。 答案　A 31．A.remove B．spare C．find D．check 解析　上文讲作者把一些还有价值、不至于扔掉的东西挂在网上卖，而这样的方式避免了这些东西被扔到垃圾填埋场。remove“消除，清除”；spare“省得，免去”；find“找到，发现”；check“检查，核查”。此处spare为动词，是熟词生义用法。故选B。 答案　B 32．A.investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 解析　根据空前的“to please another person”可知，此处是说这样的方式让作者遇到了本不太可能遇到的人。investigate“调查”；recognize“认出，认可”；encounter“遇到”；recommend“推荐”。故选C。 答案　C 33．A.giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 解析　空前的“I sit in my apartment today”表明作者已经搬到了新家，她钟爱每一件与她分享家里空间的物品。giveaway“随赠品”；post“邮件，邮寄”；contribution“贡献”；belongings“所有物，财物”。故选D。 答案　D 34．A.joy B．part C．care D．time 解析　根据上文内容及空后的“someone is__35__ something that couldn't come with us”可知，此处指作者非常开心地知道，在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏他们无法带走的东西。joy“高兴，愉快，喜悦”；part“部分”；care“照看，谨慎”；time“时间”。故选A。 答案　A 35．A.anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 解析　根据上文提到的一个女子开心地拿走了作者的花瓶并结合常识可知，这些人都是因为喜欢才拿走了作者的东西。anticipate“期待，盼望”；appreciate“欣赏，赏识，重视”；deliver“递送，传送”；withdraw“撤回，停止提供，不再给予”。故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024－2025学年江苏无锡期中)Friendship, a bond valued by many, is an essential aspect of human existence.It is a relationship 36. (base) on mutual affection.But in fact, friendship is more than just a relationship; it is an experience that 37. (teach) us about companionship, empathy, understanding, and the art of balancing our own needs 38. the needs of others. The beauty of friendship lies 39. its simplicity and versatility.Friends can be found in the most unexpected place—a colleague at work, a neighbor, or even a complete 40. (strange).Friendship knows no boundaries; it goes beyond age, gender, race, religion, and even culture.Friends can be found all over the world, 41. (connect) by the invisible thread of 42. (share) experiences and understanding. The true essence of friendship is seen in the little things － a phone call to check in on a friend, a text message to wish someone 43. happy birthday, or a simple hug after a long day.It is the thoughtfulness and consideration that friends show towards each other, 44. makes their relationships so special. In conclusion, friendship is an essential part of life.Friends are not just people we meet along the way; they are the ones who shape our lives and make our experiences 45. (rich) and more meaningful. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类生存的一个重要方面——友谊。 36．解析　based　考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种建立在相互喜爱基础上的关系。be based on“以……为基础”，此处使用过去分词作后置定语，故填based。 37．解析　teaches　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但事实上，友谊不仅仅是一种关系；这种经历教会了我们友谊、同理心、理解，以及平衡自己和他人需求的艺术。从“that ．..others”是定语从句，其中teach为谓语动词，结合句意及“is”可知，句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，关系词that指代先行词experience，表示单数意义，谓语动词使用单数，故填teaches。 38．解析　and　考查连词。句意：同上。our own needs和the needs of others之间是并列关系，使用并列连词and连接，故填and。 39．解析　in　考查介词。句意：友谊的美在于它的简单和多样。表示“在于”使用动词短语lie in，故填in。 40．解析　stranger　考查名词。句意：朋友可以在最意想不到的地方找到——工作中的同事，邻居，甚至是一个完全陌生的人。由空前的“a”可知此处应填名词单数，stranger“陌生人”，名词，故填stranger。 41．解析　connected　考查非谓语动词。句意：朋友遍布世界各地，通过共同的经历和理解这条无形的线将他们联系在一起。connect和逻辑主语Friends之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语，故填connected。 42．解析　shared　考查形容词。句意：同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词experiences and understanding，表示“共有的，共享的”，故填shared。 43．解析　a　考查冠词。句意：友谊的真谛是在小事中体现出来的——一个问候朋友的电话，一条祝某人生日快乐的短信，或者在漫长的一天后一个简单的拥抱。此处指“说一声生日快乐”，使用不定冠词，happy发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 44．解析　which　考查定语从句。句意：朋友之间展示出的是对彼此的体贴和体谅，这使他们的关系如此特别。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导，故填which。 45．解析　richer　考查形容词比较级。句意：朋友不仅仅是我们在旅途中遇到的人；他们塑造了我们的生活，使我们的经历更丰富、更有意义。空处和“more meaningful”并列，应用形容词比较级，故填richer。 第三部分　写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，计划本周末和同学一起去河边植树。请给外教Nancy写一封邮件，邀请她一同前往。内容包括： 1．集合时间及地点； 2．活动安排及提醒； 3．午餐及返程时间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Nancy， Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Nancy， My classmates and I are planning to plant trees by the river this weekend.We all hope you can join us. We are to meet at the school gate at 8 o'clock this Saturday morning.Since we'll cycle there and work in the field，you'd better wear casual clothes and comfortable shoes.Besides，we'll have a picnic after the work is done.Everyone is expected to bring their lunch and share it.We may return at around 3 o'clock in the afternoon. Would you like to join us? Hope to see you then. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·全国一卷)My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer.She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play.There was just one thing I hadn't counted on：My brother chose to bring his dog Toby，a 50-pound ball of fire.Though friendly，he could easily knock over my niece's small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.So，when my brother showed up，I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine.Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room.Unexpectedly，after supper，the weather changed.It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment.I didn't want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog.Eventually，my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed，and I hadn't heard anything from my brother.I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again.His reply came as a surprise—a shock，actually：“Not a chance.”Clearly，he was unhappy over the way we had parted.After all，I had left him little choice.Well，he'll get over it，I reasoned. Two months passed.My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother，but I resisted，thinking he should call first.However，my conscience (良心) kept bothering me.I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes.He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier.Toby was his constant companion，the one who kept him going. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 I realized it was me who was at fault. ________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door. ________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 I realized it was me who was at fault.As I reflected on what had happened that evening，shame washed over(情绪突然而深刻地袭来) me.My brother，already burdened with (被……困扰) grief and loneliness，had only sought companionship in Toby，while I had treated them both as inconveniences.Instead of finding a compromise by setting up a space indoors for the dog，I had prioritized (优先处理)my own comfort over his feelings.The thought of him spending these months being isolated filled me with deep regret.Seeing this，my wife decided to do something，so she baked some biscuits for me to bring to my brother. With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door.Hesitating，I raised my hand to knock，my heart pounding with uncertainty.When the door opened，my brother's eyes widened in surprise.Before he could speak，I handed him the biscuits，saying sorry to him sincerely.The stiffness in his expression softened slightly.It was at this moment that Toby bounced over，wagging his tail merrily (高兴地).A faint smile touched my brother's lips，which spread into a brilliant smile.The next few hours witnessed us taking a walk outside and talking open-heartedly(善良诚恳地). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $