Unit 1 Section Ⅲ（配套word）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦过去完成时这一核心语法点，构建“定义—构成—用法—区别—练习”的学习支架。先明确其表示“过去的过去”及侧重结果的定义，再系统讲解肯定句、否定句、疑问句的基本构成，延伸至虚拟语气、未实现意图等特殊用法，最后通过与一般过去时、现在完成时的对比辨析深化理解，辅以梯度练习巩固。 该资料以“即学活用”和综合练习为特色，通过单句语法填空（如虚拟语气例句“If I had followed...”）和时态对比题（如“arrived”与“had arrived”），提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养分析比较的思维品质。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后助力学生自主回顾，有效查漏补缺，符合学习能力培养要求。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar [对应学生用书P14] 过去完成时 一、概述 过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)表示在过去的事件之前发生的事件或存在的状态。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。 二、过去完成时的构成 1．过去分词的基本用法 (1)肯定句：主语＋had＋动词-ed形式 He had already been to New York earlier in the week. 本周早些时候他去过纽约。 Jane had just left when you rang. 你打电话时简刚走。 (2)否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词-ed形式 At that time we hadn't met her. 那时我们还没有见到她。 (2025·全国一卷)Most famously，a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 最著名的是，一位在 20 世纪 50 年代初举家迁至曼哈顿的加拿大记者，发起了一场阻止当地公园被破坏的运动。 (3)疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词-ed形式．..? 疑问代词/疑问副词＋had＋主语＋动词-ed形式．..? Had you visited the museum before you moved to the city? 你搬到这座城市前曾参观过这个博物馆吗？ How many pictures from the spaceship had you got by nine o'clock last night? 直到昨晚九点，你收到了多少张来自宇宙飞船的照片？ [即学活用1] 单句语法填空 ①He said he had worked (work) in that factory since 1949. ②I didn't know a thing about the verbs，for I had not studied (not，study) my lesson. ③I returned the book that I had borrowed (borrow). ④Helen said that she had moved (move) to another flat. ⑤We realized we had lost (lose) our way. 2．过去完成时的其他用法 (1)用于虚拟语气 在虚拟语气中，如果表示对过去情况的虚拟，则使用过去完成时。 If I had followed the doctor's advice，I wouldn't feel so bad now. 如果我当时听了医生的建议，现在就不会那么难受了。 If only you had worked with greater care! 你要是更仔细一些该多好！ I wish I had never met you before. 我希望以前从未见过你。 (2)表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算和意图 过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，只适用于下列动词：expect(期待)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，mean(打算)，suppose(料想)，think(认为)，want(想要)等。 We had hoped that you would be able to visit us. 我们原本希望你会来拜访我们。 I had meant to take a good holiday this year，but I was not able to leave. 我本打算今年好好去度假，只是脱不开身。 (3)与过去完成时连用的时间状语 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以是already(已经)，yet(仍然)，still(还)，just(刚刚)，ever(曾经)，never(从来没有)等，也可以是by(截止到)，before(在……之前)，until(直到)，as soon as(一……就)等引导的词组或从句。 When I came back at midnight，she still hadn't finished her homework yet. 我半夜回来时，她还没有做完作业。 I had just stopped my car when I noticed a cat lying on the ground. 我刚把车停下，就注意到地上躺着一只猫。 By Tuesday he hadn't done it. 到星期二他还没有做。 (4)用过去完成时的特定句型 过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，It was the first(second，etc)time (that)...等固定句型中。 Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业。 [即学活用2] 单句语法填空 ①How I wish I had worked (work) harder before. ②He had planned (plan) to meet his father at the airport，but he was too busy. ③By the end of last month，we had learned(learn) 2，000 English words. ④Hardly had the game begun when it started (start) raining. ⑤It was the first time that I had experienced (experience) Virtual Reality. 3．过去完成时与其他时态的区别 (1)过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。 比较：They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before, after, as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。 He entered the room，turned on the light and read an evening paper. 他走进房间，打开灯，读了一份晚报。 (2)过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但对现在产生一定的结果或影响；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。 I have learned 1，000 English words so far. 到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。 I had learned 1，000 English words till then. 到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。 [即学活用3] 单句语法填空 ①When she heard that her father had died(die)in the accident，she burst (burst) out crying. ②The concert had started(start).We had to look for our seats in the dark. ③I have entered (enter) a new stage of life since entering high school and learned to be independent. ④Her father died (die) five years ago and he has lived (live) by himself ever since. ⑤They had planted (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday. [对应学生用书P16] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I had finished(finish) my homework before my mother came back home after work. 2．All the tickets had been sold(sell) out when Mary got to the cinema. 3．She had finished(finish) reading the four great classics of China before going to middle school. 4．No sooner had(have) we got home than the rain began to pour down. 5．He told us that he had been(be) a teacher for almost 20 years. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea and we met no storms (没有遇到风暴). 2．It won't be long before such a thing happens again (再次发生). 3．We congratulated them on the success they had achieved (他们获得的). 4．By the end of last year，he had treated 3，000 patients(治疗了3000个病人). 5．Linda lost her passport again.It was the second time that it had occurred(发生). 6．So far all cloned animals have suffered from(受到了) some different serious disorders. 7．If it rains tomorrow(明天下雨)，we'll put off the sports meeting. 8．Teenagers are damaging their health(在损害他们的健康)because they play computer games too much. 9．Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits(要求参观者不可触摸展品). 10．The new railway had been built(被建好)by the end of last year. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $