Unit 3 Same or Different 知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语Unit 3“Same or Different”知识清单系统梳理了人物外貌、性格特征及对比表达相关内容，涵盖重点单词（分名词、形容词、动词变形等）、短语、语法（同级比较与比较级）、对话模板及配套练习五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从词汇积累到语法应用再到情境表达的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇分类+语法模块+情境应用”三维架构呈现知识体系，如将对比类词汇与“the same as”“be different from”等短语关联，形容词比较级语法搭配“Lucy is quieter than Lily”实例，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“重点对话模板”和“分层练习题”，如补全对话训练情境表达，句型转换强化语法应用，不同水平学生可高效学习，教师可直接用于课堂教学或分层辅导，提升教学实效。

Unit 3 Same or Different 知识清单 一、重点单词 （一）人物外貌名词 1. height /haɪt/ n. 身高 2. build /bɪld/ n. 身材 3. hair /heə(r)/ n. 头发 4. eye /aɪ/ n. 眼睛 5. nose /nəʊz/ n. 鼻子 6. mouth /maʊθ/ n. 嘴巴 7. face /feɪs/ n. 脸蛋 8. arm /ɑːm/ n. 胳膊 9. leg /leɡ/ n. 腿 10. shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə(r)/ n. 肩膀 （二）外貌形容词 1. tall /tɔːl/ adj. 高的 2. short /ʃɔːt/ adj. 矮；短的 3. thin /θɪn/ adj. 瘦的 4. heavy /ˈhevi/ adj. 胖的，重的 5. slim /slɪm/ adj. 苗条的 6. strong /strɒŋ/ adj. 强壮的 7. long /lɒŋ/ adj. 长的 8. curly /ˈkɜːli/ adj. 卷曲的 9. straight /streɪt/ adj. 直的 10. big /bɪɡ/ adj. 大的 11. small /smɔːl/ adj. 小的 12. round /raʊnd/ adj. 圆的 （三）性格特征形容词 1. quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ adj. 安静的 2. outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的 3. shy /ʃaɪ/ adj. 害羞的 4. active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 活泼的 5. lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adj. 懒惰的 6. hard-working /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 7. friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 友好的 8. funny /ˈfʌni/ adj. 风趣的 9. serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严肃的 10. clever /ˈklevə(r)/ adj. 聪明的 （四）对比类核心词汇 1. same /seɪm/ adj. 相同的 2. different /ˈdɪfrənt/ adj. 不同的 3. both /bəʊθ/ pron. 两者都 4. all /ɔːl/ pron. 全部 5. than /ðæn/ conj. 比 6. like /laɪk/ prep. 像 7. unlike /ʌnˈlaɪk/ prep. 不像 8. similar /ˈsɪmələ(r)/ adj. 相似的 9. difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 差别 10. similarity /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n. 相似之处 （五）动词&变形（单元核心） 1. look /lʊk/ v. 看起来 — looked 2. compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 对比 — compared 3. match /mætʃ/ v. 匹配 — matched 4. resemble /rɪˈzembl/ v. 长得像 — resembled 5. share /ʃeə(r)/ v. 有共同点 — shared 6. differ /ˈdɪfə(r)/ v. 不同于 — differed 7. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述 — described 8. seem /siːm/ v. 似乎 — seemed 9. prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/ v. 更喜欢 — preferred 10. agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 认同 — agreed 二、重点短语 1. the same as 和……一样 2. be different from 与……不同 3. be similar to 与……相似 4. look like 看起来像 5. both of 两者都 6. all of 全部 7. short hair 短发 8. long curly hair 长卷发 9. of medium height 中等身高 10. of medium build 中等身材 11. hard-working student 勤奋的学生 12. outgoing personality 外向的性格 13. compare A with B 把A和B对比 14. tell the difference 说出差别 15. have something in common 有共同之处 16. quite different 完全不同 17. look the same 长得一模一样 18. look different 长相不一样 19. round face 圆脸 20. big eyes 大眼睛 21. thin build 苗条身材 22. heavy build 偏胖身材 23. as…as 和……一样 24. more than 多于 25. less than 少于 三、单词详解 1. same adj. 相同的 (1) 固定搭配：the same as 与……相同 (2) 例句：My bag is the same as yours. 我的书包和你的一样。 2. different adj. 不同的 (1) 固定搭配：be different from 不同于 (2) 例句：Her hobby is different from mine. 她的爱好和我不一样。 3. similar adj. 相似的 (1) 搭配：be similar to 与……相像 (2) 例句：My bag is similar to yours. 我的书包和你的很像。 4. both pron. 两者都 (1) 用法：both + 名词复数；both of + 代词，谓语动词必须用复数 (2) 例句：Both of the girls are tall. 两个女孩都很高。 5. medium adj. 中等的 (1) 搭配：of medium height/build 中等身高/身材 (2) 例句：He is of medium build. 他中等身材。 四、核心语法：形容词同级比较 & 比较 （一）同级比较（as…as 与……一样） 1. 肯定结构：主语 + be/实义动词 + as + 原级 + as 例：She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高。 2. 否定结构：not as/so + 原级 + as 不如…… 例：He is not so thin as his brother. 他没有他弟弟瘦。 （二）the same / be different / be similar 固定句式 1. A is the same as B A和B相同 2. A is different from B A不同于B 3. A is similar to B A与B相似 （三）形容词比较级（描述外貌/性格对比） 1. 规则变化：taller, thinner, heavier, quieter 2. 句型：主语 + be + 比较级 + than… 例：Lucy is quieter than Lily. 露西比莉莉安静。 （四）both / all 用法 1. both 用于两者；all 三者及以上 2. 位置：be动词后，实义动词前；both作主语时，谓语动词用复数 例：They both have long hair. 她们俩都留长发。 五、重点对话模板 模板1 对比两人长相 A: Look at these two girls. Are they the same? B: No, they look different. A: What’s the difference? B: The girl on the left is tall and thin. The other one is short and heavy. A: Do they have anything similar? B: Yes, they both have big round eyes. 模板2 介绍自己和朋友的异同 Dear Tom, I want to tell you about my best friend and me. We are very similar. We are both of medium height and hard-working. But we are also different. I am quiet while he is very outgoing. I have long straight hair, but he has short curly hair. Though we have differences, we get on well. Yours, Li Hua 六、配套强化练习题 （一）根据首字母提示写单词 1. These two pens are the s________. 2. My bag is d________ from yours. 3. She is s________ to her mother. 4. The boy is of medium h________. 5. She has long c________ hair. 6. He is s________ and doesn’t like talking. 7. They b________ like reading books. 8. Can you tell the d________ between the two pictures? 9. My sister is t________ than me. 10. He has a round f________ and big eyes. 11. The man is strong and h________. 12. Lily is an o________ girl with many friends. 13. We have something in c________. 14. Please d________ your deskmate to us. 15. This girl is s________ and slim. （二）用所给词正确形式填空 1. Tom is as ________ (tall) as his father. 2. Lucy is ________ (thin) than her sister. 3. These two cats look ________ (same). 4. My hobby is different from ________ (he). 5. Both of them ________ (have) round faces. 6. She ________ (look) like her grandma. 7. He is much ________ (quiet) than before. 8. They ________ (share) the same interest. 9. This boy is not so hard-working as ________ (I). 10. There are many ________ (different) between us. 11. Her hair is ________ (long) than mine. 12. We ________ (compare) our photos yesterday. 13. She seems ________ (shyer) than other students. 14. All the girls ________ (be) outgoing in our class. 15. The two pictures are ________ (similar). （三）选词填空（词库：same, different, similar, tall, thin, quiet, both, round, curly, medium） 1. A: Are they the ________? B: No, they are quite ________. 2. She is ________ to her aunt. 3. He is of ________ height. 4. One is fat, the other is ________. 5. ________ of us love drawing. 6. The girl has ________ hair and a ________ face. 7. My brother is much ________ than me. 8. My deskmate is a ________ girl. （四）单项选择（已修正第5题） 1. My ruler is the same ______ yours. A. to B. as C. from 2. This book is different ______ that one. A. from B. as C. with 3. Lily is as ______ as her mum. A. tall B. taller C. tallest 4. He is ______ quieter than his brother. A. much B. many C. very 5. ______ of the two boys like playing football. A. All B. Both C. Every 6. —What’s he like? —He is of medium ______. A. high B. height C. tall 7. The girl ______ long hair is my cousin. A. with B. has C. have 8. We have many things ______ common. A. in B. on C. at 9. This coat looks similar ______ the one in the shop. A. with B. to C. for 10. Tom is not so strong ______ Jack. A. than B. as C. like 11. There are many ______ between the two villages. A. different B. differences C. similar 12. Both ______ good at English. A. are B. is C. am 13. She has ______ hair, not straight hair. A. curly B. thin C. round 14. Lucy is more outgoing ______ me. A. then B. than C. as 15. Can you ______ the two dogs? A. compare B. share C. agree （五）句型转换 1. Tom is tall. Mike is tall, too.（合并一句，用as…as） ________________________________________________ 2. My pen is different from yours.（同义句） ________________________________________________ 3. They both like music.（改为同义句） ________________________________________________ 4. She is quieter than me.（改为同级否定句） ________________________________________________ 5. These two bags look the same.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________ 6. He is of medium build.（对划线提问） ________________________________________________ 7. Lily has long straight hair.（对划线提问） ________________________________________________ 8. We have something in common.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ （六）英汉互译 1. 汉译英（10题） (1) 我的铅笔和你的一样。 ________________________________________________ (2) 我和我的朋友性格不一样。 ________________________________________________ (3) 她们俩都有着圆圆的大眼睛。 ________________________________________________ (4) 他中等身高，身材苗条。 ________________________________________________ (5) 她比她妹妹更加外向。 ________________________________________________ (6) 这两幅画有很多相似之处。 ________________________________________________ (7) 这个男孩不像他的爸爸。 ________________________________________________ (8) 我的头发没有她的长。 ________________________________________________ (9) 我们可以对比这两个小动物。 ________________________________________________ (10) 虽然我们有差别，但我们是好朋友。 ________________________________________________ 2. 英译汉（8题） (1) The two girls look quite similar to each other. ________________________________________________ (2) There are lots of differences between twins. ________________________________________________ (3) Both of us are hard-working and quiet students. ________________________________________________ (4) He is not as heavy as his elder brother. ________________________________________________ (5) People with long curly hair look very special. ________________________________________________ (6) We can find many things in common. ________________________________________________ (7) She has a round face and a small mouth. ________________________________________________ (8) It’s easy to tell the same and different points. ________________________________________________ （七）补全对话（修正对话2第4空答案） 对话1 A: Look at the two girls. Are they the s________? B: No, they are d________. A: What’s the difference? B: The left one is tall and t________. The right one is short and heavy. A: Do they have anything c________? B: Sure. B________ of them have big round eyes. They are s________ to each other in looks. A: I see. They are not twins but look alike. 对话2 A: Can you d________ your best friend? B: Sure. She is of medium h________ with long straight hair. A: Is she outgoing or shy? B: She is very o________, much more active than me. A: What’s the s________ between you two? B: We both love reading. But our hobbies are a little different. （八）短文填空（拆分合并错误答案） 短文1（选词：same, different, similar, both, medium, thin, curly, common, outgoing, than） My friend and I have many things in ________. We are of ________ height. ________ of us have ________ hair. But we are also ________. She is more outgoing ________ me. I am a little heavy, while she is ________. We are not the same but ________ in many ways. 短文2（选词：differences, look, tall, round, as, compare, both, shy, hard-working, than） If you ________ us, you will find many ________. My sister is not ________ tall as me. She has a ________ face and she is shyer than me. We ________ like study. She is ________ while I am outgoing. We are all ________ students. 7、 配套练习参考答案 （一）首字母填空 1.same 2.different 3.similar 4.height 5.curly 6.quiet 7.both 8.differences 9.thinner 10.face 11.heavy 12.outgoing 13.common 14.describe 15.thin （二）用所给词正确形式填空 1.tall 2.thinner 3.the same 4.his 5.have 6.looks 7.quieter 8.share 9.me 10.differences 11.longer 12.compared 13.shyer 14.are 15.similar （三）选词填空 1.same; different 2.similar 3.medium 4.thin 5.Both 6.curly; round 7.taller 8.quiet （四）单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A （五）句型转换 1.Tom is as tall as Mike. 2.My pen isn’t the same as yours. 3.Both of them like music. 4.I am not as quiet as her. 5.Do these two bags look the same? 6.What does he look like? 7.What kind of hair does Lily have? 8.We don’t have anything in common. （六）英汉互译 汉译英 1.My pencil is the same as yours. 2.My personality is different from my friend’s. 3.Both of them have big round eyes. 4.He is of medium height and slim. 5.She is more outgoing than her sister. 6.There are many similarities between the two pictures. 7.The boy is unlike his father. 8.My hair is not as long as hers. 9.We can compare these two little animals. 10.Although we have differences, we are good friends. 英译汉 1.这两个女孩长得十分相像。 2.双胞胎之间存在很多不同之处。 3.我们俩都是勤奋文静的学生。 4.他没有他哥哥胖。 5.留长卷发的人看起来很特别。 6.我们能找到许多共同点。 7.她有着一张圆脸和小巧的嘴巴。 8.分辨相同点和不同点很简单。 （七）补全对话 对话1 1.same 2.different 3.thin 4.common 5.Both 6.similar 对话2 1.describe 2.height 3.outgoing 4.similarity （八）短文填空（拆分混淆词组，独立填空） 短文1 common; medium; Both; curly; different; than; thin; similar 短文2 compare; differences; as; round; both; shy; hard-working 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $