Unit 5 Wild animals Word power要点讲义2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语构词法核心知识点，系统梳理后缀-ing（动词后表动作过程，如begin→beginning）、-ness（形容词后表性质状态，如kind→kindness）、-ion（动词后表行为结果，如protect→protection）的规则及词尾变化，并通过构词要点、常见变形汇总表、中英短语互译构建学习支架。 该资料以“规则讲解-实例应用-分层练习”设计提升语言能力，如综合练习中语境填空巩固词汇转换；通过对比不同后缀用法培养思维品质，如辨析hunt→hunting（非-ion）；课后拓展造句任务促进学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生自主查漏补缺，强化构词应用能力。

Unit 5 Wild animals Word power 【构词法要点】 1. 后缀 -ing 加在动词后面，构成名词，常表示“动作、过程或状态”。有时需要去掉不发音的字母e（如 mean → meaning，但 begin → beginning 直接加ing，注意双写n）。 mean → meaning 意思 begin → beginning 开始，开端 meet → meeting 会议，会面 feel → feeling 感觉，感受 build → building 建筑物 paint → painting 绘画，油画 swim → swimming 游泳 例句： - The meaning of “Xiwang” is “hope”.（“希旺”的意思是“希望”。） - At the beginning, she couldn‘t see or hear.（起初，她看不见也听不见。） - Wild animals have feelings too.（野生动物也有感情。） 2. 后缀 -ness 加在形容词后面，构成抽象名词，表示“性质、状态或程度”。一般直接加 -ness。 ill → illness 疾病 kind → kindness 善良，仁慈 dark → darkness 黑暗 sick → sickness 疾病，不适 happy → happiness 快乐，幸福 sad → sadness 悲伤 lonely → loneliness 孤独 例句： - Baby pandas may get illness easily.（大熊猫宝宝可能很容易生病。） - We should treat animals with kindness.（我们应该善待动物。） - They have feelings of happiness and sadness.（它们有快乐和悲伤的情感。） 3. 后缀 -ion 加在动词后面，构成名词，表示“行为、状态或结果”。注意词尾变化：有些词去e加ion（如 act → action），有些需要变形（如 express → expression, introduce → introduction）。 act → action 行动，行为 直接加 -ion protect → protection 保护 直接加 -ion celebrate → celebration 庆祝 去 e 加 ion express → expression 表达 去 e 加 ion（注意变形） introduce → introduction 介绍 去 e 加 ion（注意变形） invite → invitation 邀请 去 e 加 ion hunt → hunting 狩猎 加 -ing（不是 -ion） 例句： - The government has taken action to protect pandas.（政府已经采取了保护大熊猫的行动。） - We should give wild animals our protection.（我们应该给野生动物保护。） - Thank you for your invitation.（谢谢你的邀请。） 【常见后缀变形汇总】 mean (v.) -ing meaning 意思 begin (v.) -ing beginning 开始 feel (v.) -ing feeling 感觉 meet (v.) -ing meeting 会议 ill (adj.) -ness illness 疾病 kind (adj.) -ness kindness 善良 dark (adj.) -ness darkness 黑暗 happy (adj.) -ness happiness 快乐 sad (adj.) -ness sadness 悲伤 act (v.) -ion action 行动 protect (v.) -ion protection 保护 celebrate (v.) -ion celebration 庆祝 express (v.) -ion expression 表达 invite (v.) -ion invitation 邀请 introduce (v.) -ion introduction 介绍 hunt (v.) -ing hunting 狩猎 【重点短语汇总】中英互译 1. the meaning of __________ 2. __________ ……的意思 3. at the beginning __________ 4. __________ 在开始时 5. feelings of happiness and sadness __________ 6. __________ 快乐和悲伤的情感 7. get illness __________ 8. __________ 生病 9. treat with kindness __________ 10. __________ 善意对待 11. take action __________ 12. __________ 采取行动 13. give protection __________ 14. __________ 给予保护 15. accept one‘s invitation __________ 16. __________ 接受某人的邀请 【综合练习】 一、用 -ing, -ness 或 -ion 将下列词变为名词 1. express → __________ 2. celebrate → __________ 3. protect → __________ 4. begin → __________ 5. kind → __________ 6. dark → __________ 7. sick → __________ 8. meet → __________ 9. feel → __________ 10. introduce → __________ 11. act → __________ 12. invite → __________ 13. mean → __________ 14. ill → __________ 15. happy → __________ 二、用括号内所给词的正确形式（名词形式）填空 Dear all, We are members of the Wild Animals Club. Many wild animals are now in danger because of (1) __________ (hunt). They need our (2) __________ (protect). Wild animals are our friends and they have their own families. They have (3) __________ (feel) of (4) __________ (happy) and (5) __________ (sad). We should not hurt them for any reason. We hope you can accept our (6) __________ (invite) to protect them. Thank you for your (7) __________ (kind). Best wishes, Wild Animals Club 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. The ______ of “Xiwang” is “hope”. A. mean B. means C. meaning D. meant ( ) 2. At the ______, she couldn‘t see or hear. A. begin B. begins C. began D. beginning ( ) 3. Baby pandas may get ______ easily. A. ill B. illness C. illnesses D. illing ( ) 4. We should treat animals with ______. A. kind B. kindly C. kindness D. kinding ( ) 5. The government has taken ______ to protect pandas. A. act B. action C. acting D. active ( ) 6. We should give wild animals our ______. A. protect B. protecting C. protection D. protective ( ) 7. Thank you for your ______ to the party. A. invite B. inviting C. invitation D. invited ( ) 8. Wild animals have feelings of ______ and sadness. A. happy B. happiness C. happily D. happier ( ) 9. The ______ of the new teacher was very warm. A. introduce B. introducing C. introduction D. introduced ( ) 10. They had a big ______ for the baby panda’s birthday. A. celebrate B. celebrating C. celebration D. celebrated 四、根据汉语意思完成句子（用所给词的名词形式） 1. “希旺”的意思是“希望”。 The __________ of “Xiwang” is “hope”. (mean) 2. 起初，她看不见也听不见。 At the __________, she couldn‘t see or hear. (begin) 3. 大熊猫宝宝可能很容易生病。 Baby pandas may get __________ easily. (ill) 4. 我们应该善待动物。 We should treat animals with __________. (kind) 5. 政府已经采取了行动来保护大熊猫。 The government has taken __________ to protect pandas. (act) 6. 我们应该给野生动物保护。 We should give wild animals our __________. (protect) 7. 野生动物也有快乐和悲伤的情感。 Wild animals have __________ of happiness and sadness. (feel) 8. 谢谢你的邀请。 Thank you for your __________. (invite) 9. 她做了一个关于大熊猫的介绍。 She gave an __________ about giant pandas. (introduce) 10. 他们为熊猫宝宝举办了一场庆祝活动。 They held a __________ for the baby panda. (celebrate) 五、用所给词的正确形式填空（名词或原形） 1. The __________ (mean) of this sentence is not clear. 2. At the __________ (begin), I didn’t like swimming. 3. His __________ (ill) kept him in hospital for a week. 4. She showed great __________ (kind) to the lost dog. 5. We must take __________ (act) to save the animals. 6. The __________ (protect) of wild animals is very important. 7. I received an __________ (invite) to the zoo. 8. The __________ (introduce) of the book is very interesting. 9. We had a wonderful __________ (celebrate) for the New Year. 10. She has a __________ (feel) of sadness about leaving. 【答案】 一、 1. expression 2. celebration 3. protection 4. beginning 5. kindness 6. darkness 7. sickness 8. meeting 9. feeling 10. introduction 11. action 12. invitation 13. meaning 14. illness 15. happiness 二、 1. hunting 2. protection 3. feelings 4. happiness 5. sadness 6. invitation 7. kindness 三、 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 四、 1. meaning 2. beginning 3. illness 4. kindness 5. action 6. protection 7. feelings 8. invitation 9. introduction 10. celebration 五、 1. meaning 2. beginning 3. illness 4. kindness 5. action 6. protection 7. invitation 8. introduction 9. celebration 10. feeling 【课后拓展】 你还知道哪些以 -ing, -ness, -ion 结尾的名词？请试着写出至少5个，并用其中2个造句。 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 造句： ① _________________________________________________________ ② _________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $