精品解析：江苏省常州高级中学2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

江苏省常州高级中学 2025～2026学年第二学期高一年级期末质量调研 英语试卷 说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答卷纸上。 2. 本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟 的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.At a bookstore. B.In a classroom. C.At a library. 2.What does the woman probably do? A. A novelist. B.A cartoonist. C.A reporter. 3.Who will go to Egypt with Steve? A.Diana. B.Barbara. C.Ashley. 4.How much did the man spend on his smartwatch? A.$50. B.$150. C.$200. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A flight incident. B.A plane crash. C.A skilled pilot 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7小题。 6.What does Steven think of his marathon training? A.Disappointing. B.Acceptable. C.Wonderful. 7.How long does Steven train every day? A.Three hours. B.Four hours. C.Eleven hours. 听第7段材料，回答第8至第10小题。 8.Where was the man's ticket finally found? A.In his coat pocket. B.Under his seat. C.At the train station. 9.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Customer and clerk. B.Tourist and tour guide. C.Passenger and conductor. 10.What does the man want to do now? A.Use the restroom. B.Find his lost wallet. C.Drink some water. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11.What does Peter find difficult in learning the erhu? A.Getting the right pitch B.Learning finger positions. C.Studying basic bow skills. 12.How does Peter study the erhu? A.From his father. B.From the Internet. C.From the school. 13.What does Sarah want Peter to do in the future? A.Help her create her own songs. B.Teach her how to play the erhu. C.Join her band as an erhu player. 听第9段材料，回答第14至第16小题。 14.Why does the woman come to the man? A.To do an interview. B.To try his new dishes. C.To reserve a table. 15. Which dish is the most popular one in the restaurant ? A. Stir-fried pork B. Steamed fish head C.Dong’an chicken 16.What advice does Mr.Smith give in the end? A.Use Chinese cooking tools correctly. B.Practice cooking as much as possible. C.Develop a strong passion for cooking. 听第10段材料，回答第17至第20小题。 17.When did Perrin have his first role in a movie? A.In 1941. B.In 1946. C.In 1969. 18.What did Perrin do for The Chorus? A.He directed and edited it. B.He co-produced and edited it. C.He acted in and co-produced it. 19.What Oscar Award was Winged Migration nominated(提名)for? A.Best Foreign Picture. B.Best Sound. C.Best Documentary. 20.What role did Perrin play in Cinema Paradiso? A.A conductor. B.A filmmaker. C.A cinema worker. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Make a cloud in a jar Have you ever wondered how clouds form? This super fun and simple experiment will help you see the physical changes and reactions that happen as clouds form within the atmosphere. Supplies needed ·A glass jar with a lid ·1 cup of boiling water ·Blue food coloring (optional) ·Aerosol hairspray (发胶喷雾) ·3-5 cubes of ice Instructions 1. Pour 1 cup of boiling water into the glass jar. You can use food coloring to dye (染) the water blue before pouring it into the jar. This is not required, but it does help distinguish the cloud from the water. Plus, it makes the water look like the sky. 2. Quickly spray hairspray into the jar. 3. Seal the jar immediately. This step must be performed quickly, so have the lid handy. It also helps to have multiple people doing the experiment. 4. Place 3-5 pieces of ice on top of the lid of the jar. 5. Now it’s time to observe what happens. Watch the top portion of the jar carefully. As time passes, you will see a cloud begin to form. How the science experiment works Clouds form when water from the Earth’s surface is heated and evaporates (physical change from liquid to gas), rises into the atmosphere, and then cools and condenses (physical change from gas to liquid) onto tiny particles (dust, dirt, ash, etc.) in the air. In our experiment, the warm water in the jar causes the air inside the jar to heat up. When this happens, some of the water evaporates into the air. Then the warm, moist air rises from the surface of the water to the top of the jar. Once it reaches the top of the jar, the warm, moist air begins to cool down because of the ice on the lid of the jar. The water vapor in the cooling air then condenses onto the particles of hairspray, forming a cloud in the jar. 1. What is the primary purpose of using food coloring in the experiment? A. To make the result easier to notice. B. To accelerate the rate of evaporation. C. To improve the reaction with the spray. D. To indicate the temperature of the liquid. 2. What should be done immediately after spraying hairspray inside the jar? A. Shake the jar gently. B. Put the lid onto the jar. C. Move the jar to a cooler place. D. Add ice cubes to the liquid. 3. Which process in the natural cloud formation is mirrored by the ice cubes in this experiment? A. The rising of moist air. B. The condensation onto dust. C. The cooling of rising vapor. D. The evaporation of surface water. B In the cemetery (公墓)of ancient Xochiaca, a village in Chimalhuacan on the eastern edge of Mexico City, the sound of hammers and chisels striking stone rings out on most Sundays. It comes from the local stone carvers, who still pursue a craft passed down for generations, even after the local quarries (采石场) were exhausted. Generations of stone carvers also created much of the stonework that decorates buildings and parks in the capital’s downtown. Unlike many craftspeople who want to see their works displayed in museums, the carvers here work free of charge to create and maintain carvings to decorate the local cemetery. They also work on decorating and maintaining the stonework at the 250-year-old parish church, Santa María de Guadalupe. One of the earliest signs of their predecessors’ (先辈们的) work is a carved stone in the churchyard floor reading “Xochiaca, home of the stone carvers”. It does not bear a date. It refers, however, to a time when the lake that once covered much of the valley still lapped (拍打) at the shores of Xochiaca. Builders would come looking for carvings and ship them to Mexico City by boat across the lake. While carvers in other areas long ago turned to mechanical tools, the craftsmen here still use traditional methods for their carving. Yet the craft is in trouble. There were about 600 registered stone carvers a decade ago, but now only around 300 remain and most are elderly. The local quarries were largely played out, and the land was sold for housing. Now carvers have to transport stone from other states, sometimes hundreds of miles away. Even more concerning, younger generations show little interest in taking up the trade. Encouragingly, these carvers get some help from donations from the local government and local residents. The neighbors donate funds, and the people of the town buy the stone. This shared commitment, they believe, is what keeps the spirit of their craft alive in the community. 4. What is special about Xochiaca stone carvers according to paragraph 2? A. They do voluntary work. B. They still use old tools. C. They have displays in museums. D. They master superb carving skills. 5. What does the carved stone in the churchyard tell us about the craft in Xochiaca? A. It is family-based. B. It is time-honoured. C. It is highly demanding. D. It is widely recognized. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The measures to revive the craft. B. The threats to the craft’s survival. C. The secrets to the carvers’ success. D. The key to supporting the carvers. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The carving work brings the community together. B. The carvers expect financial rewards for their work. C. The carvers play a vital role in the town’s development. D. The preservation of the craft requires collective support. C Every year, millions of Europeans fall ill due to bacteria present in food. In most cases, they recover within a few days with rest and hydration. However, for serious cases that require the use of antibiotics (抗生素), things are becoming more complicated. A new joint report from two European health and safety institutions confirms what many researchers have long feared: The bacteria that cause the most widespread food poisoning are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Consequently, infections that were once easily treated are becoming difficult to cure, requiring more powerful drugs and longer hospitalization, and in some cases leaving no treatment options. The two bacteria most closely monitored in the report are salmonella (沙门氏菌) and campylobacter (弯曲杆菌), the main causes of food poisoning in Europe. They are commonly found in chicken meat, eggs, unpasteurized (未经巴氏消毒的) milk, as well as contaminated (被污染的) fruit and vegetables. The most worrying finding from the report relates to ciprofloxacin, a key antibiotic used to treat the most serious forms of these infections. A high percentage of salmonella and campylobacter bacteria detected in both human patients and farm animals show resistance to this drug. For campylobacter, the situation is so critical that ciprofloxacin is no longer recommended as a first-line treatment for human infections. For salmonella, resistance in animals has been consistently high for years, but what is more worrying is the recent increase in resistance in human infections. And both bacteria demonstrate extensive resistance to other common antibiotics. The report also makes it clear that the challenge can only be overcome by acting on multiple fronts at the same time: the responsible use of medicines in every sector, the strengthening of animal health, and the adoption of strict infection prevention and food safety measures. But what can we do as consumers? As often happens with major environmental and health problems, antibiotic resistance also has an individual dimension that should not be overlooked. Some good practices directly concern us. 8. What leads to the complexity in food poisoning treatment? A. Some bacteria are growing more resistant to drugs. B. Antibiotics are becoming less available in hospitals. C. New and untreatable types of bacteria have emerged. D. People unknowingly eat more contaminated food than before. 9. Why does the report focus on salmonella and campylobacter? A. They are resistant to all known antibiotics. B. Their resistance to ciprofloxacin is increasing. C. They are the most common resistant bacteria. D. They are the main foodborne bacteria in Europe. 10. What might the author continue talking about? A. Food safety policies. B. Consumption habits. C. Improper use of antibiotics. D. Individual preventive measures. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain why bacteria become resistant. B. To introduce a new report on removing bacteria. C. To compare different antibiotics for food poisoning. D. To highlight antibiotic resistance and suggest solutions. D Advanced AI technologies, including generative AI (Gen AI) tools that can communicate with humans conversationally, are transforming what it means to work. EY Parthenon estimates that 59% of jobs globally have moderate to high exposure to AI. Physical AI is coming, too. The American Enterprise Institute predicts that by 2035, 1.3 billion AI robots will have entered the machine workforce. While the specific skills needed for future jobs will change, there are some core competencies that you should cultivate to ensure future career success. A recent report shows that communication is the number one most in-demand skill. It outranks AI literacy, data analytics and a host of other technical capabilities. When one can’t communicate effectively with coworkers or customers, it costs the business time and money. Gen AI tools may solve some of your communication problems, but only if you can effectively communicate your wishes to them. Plus, miscommunications can happen at a much faster pace when AI helps us develop and distribute them. There are limits to how much one individual can accomplish, even with the assistance of an army of AI tools. Team-based operational structures enable organizations to tackle complex, cross-functional tasks while weighing each individual’s strengths. This type of team-powered output requires more than just effective communication; it requires a full range of collaborative (协作的) skills. Experts predict that creative thinking will remain an area in which humans hold an advantage. Gen AI applications may produce creative output. But these tools don’t possess the level of imagination that humans bring to creative tasks. Furthermore, while AI is good at detecting patterns buried in data, human imagination excels at creating patterns. Deep, creative thinking is a skill you can nurture by exploring topics outside your expertise (专业知识). Engage in unstructured thinking to build your creative skills. Besides, the ability to adapt will be a career necessity. Individuals with AI literacy will also be preferred by employers. Are you ready to build your skills for the future? 12. What phenomenon does paragraph 1 illustrate? A. Technology is reshaping employment. B. Humans will be replaced by AI robots. C. Work will rely entirely on AI tools in the future. D. Technological advances worsen unemployment. 13. Why is communication important in the age of AI? A. It remains unaffected by technological changes. B. It is a fundamental component of collaboration. C. It enables humans to make effective use of AI tools. D. It boosts profits and strengthens interpersonal relations. 14. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Analyzing data calls for a creative approach. B. Gen AI outperforms humans in artistic creation. C. Gen AI falls short when it comes to imagination. D. Humans hold an advantage in exploring various topics. 15. Who is the text mainly intended for? A. Tech enthusiasts. B. Corporate managers. C. University professors. D. Potential job seekers. 第二节七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Just yesterday,I started tidying the living room,only to get distracted when I noticed my newly-bought dumbbells. ____16____. Before I knew it, I was surrounded by damp laundry and no further forward with my cleaning mission. I was experiencing “popcorn brain”. It is characterized by scattered thoughts, fragmented (碎片化的) attention, and an urge to switch between topics,similar to the random popping of corn kernels in a pot. ____17____. “Popcorn brain is usually situational,” explains psychotherapist Tina. “It tends to emerge during periods of stress, emotional chaos, information overload, or major lifestyle changes.” Here are some of Tina’s top tips to turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime. Mind map method Make a mind map by writing down everything that’s on your brain:appointments, worries, conversations, to-dos. “Grouping these into areas of your life — e.g. work, home, emotional wellbeing, future plans,” suggests Tina. “Then ask yourself: What matters now? ____18____? These questions help create order, and give your brain permission to focus, as well as the opportunity to remember everything.” ____19____ A true digital detox (排毒) is unrealistic for most ofus. Instead, try “focus blocks” consisting of 25-30 minutes away from screens, followed by a 5-minute reward scroll. “This teaches your brain to tolerate stillness, without feeling punished or deprived,” says Tina. Reclaim boredom ____20____. This may feel extremely boring at first, because popcorn brain likes to be “go go go” in an attempt to feel safe. “Go for a walk without music. Cook without a podcast. Stare out of your window and notice what you can see, “suggests Tina.” Sit in silence and observe your thoughts. Let your brain breathe. Doing nothing is sometimes doing exactly what your nervous system and body needs.” A. Minimize tech B. Relax your brain. C. What if we totally ignore minor details D. Allow space in your day for doing nothing E. What can wait without causing any negative consequences F. Inspired to work out, I switched to hunting for clean gym wear G. It’s also accompanied by mental overload, increased stress, fatigue, and anxiety 第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分55分) 第一节完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Sam Glassenberg’s 5-year-old daughter was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, the experienced video game developer found himself facing a cold reality. He had to become his child’s stand-in “pancreas (胰腺)”, making life-or-death insulin (胰岛素) ____21____. After his daughter spent two days in the hospital in 2019, Glassenberg was given a sheet of paper by the ____22____ team with crossed out carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (碳水化合物与胰岛素比值), rounding rules, and correction factors. Even as a computer science engineer, Glassenberg found it ____23____ and frustrating, especially with the high stakes (风险) involved. “For the first few months, I was learning through play, but that play was trial-and-error on my own kid,” he said. So, he did what game ____24____ do best. He built a video game — called “Level One: A Diabetes Game” — a free mobile app. It turns the ____25____ science of diabetes management into an easy interactive game that teaches people how insulin, food, and blood sugar ____26____ with the body. Its goal is to help children and their ____27____ feel less overwhelmed after diagnosis. The game has sixty ____28____ to help people better understand diabetes concepts and introduces new ones as the player ____29____ through the levels. More than 200 reviewers in the app store have weighed in, giving it 4.9 stars out of 5. The game was launched in _____30_____ with two leading diabetes organizations. What was it like to _____31_____ a way to help the entire diabetes community? “It’s extremely _____32_____ and meaningful,” he said, “but also a little frustrating.” Glassenberg said he wished he had developed the app _____33_____ so that more people could have already_____34_____, especially those in underserved communities where _____35_____ to care and diabetes education is lacking. 21. A. plans B. maps C. games D. decisions 22. A. critical B. technical C. medical D. moral 23. A. beneficial B. confusing C. entertaining D. negative 24. A. players B. designers C. enthusiasts D. competitors 25. A. modern B. survival C. complex D. experimental 26. A. interact B. evolve C. combine D. help 27. A. companions B. doctors C. assistants D. caregivers 28. A. parts B. levels C. questions D. roles 29. A. goes B. looks C. advances D. searches 30. A. line B. harmony C. contact D. partnership 31. A. turn out B. figure out C. break out D. bring out 32. A. rewarding B. challenging C. stimulating D. relaxing 33. A. better B. bigger C. sooner D. funnier 34. A. known B. appreciated C. booked D. benefited 35. A. access B. right C. link D. reference 第二节语法填空(共10题：每题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we think of great scientists, names like Einstein or Newton often come to mind. However, history is filled with brilliant women ____36____ discoveries have shaped our world — yet their stories are less known. One ____37____ (shine) example is Marie Curie, a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She was the first woman and the only person ____38____ (win) a Nobel Prize in two ____39____ (science) fields: Physics and Chemistry. Her pioneering research on radioactivity not only introduced a new term into science but also led to cancer treatments that save millions of lives today. ____40____ facing harsh criticism because of her gender, she remained dedicated to her work. Another remarkable figure is Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist. ____41____ (refer) to the ancient Chinese medical books, she designed the experiments and discovered artemisinin, a drug that has dramatically reduced death rates from malaria, one of the ____42____ (dead) diseases in human history. She and her team managed to find solutions ____43____ various problems with limited research resources. For this achievement, she ____44____ (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. These women overcame social barriers, lack of funding, and skepticism. They proved that science has no gender _____45_____ only curiosity, persistence, and courage. Their stories encourage all students, especially young girls, to pursue careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校最近对全校学生发出“减少屏幕时间，培养健康爱好”的倡导，就此学校网站英语专栏向同学们征稿，稿件内容包括： 1. 介绍你的一项业余爱好； 2. 此爱好给你带来的益处； 3. 发出号召。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 In response to our school’s recent initiative to reduce screen time and cultivate healthy hobbies, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mom and I stood in the hallway, nose to nose. Her hands were on her hips and she looked pretty angry. “I think you’d better go to bed now,” she said. I turned around and stomped (跺着脚走) to my bedroom. I’d had the worst day at high school. My best friend, Mary Ellen, decided to join forces with the cool girl Regina. So there was no room for me at the lunch table. Of course, this had nothing to do with my mom, except that I’d been terrible to her that day. Years later I’d learn the terminology — misplaced anger — but on that day I’d just been hurt and mad and Mom was the retaliation (报复) target. I pulled back the comforter (被子)and slid between sheets. As I lay there, I replayed the day’s events through my mind. Mom had baked cookies and they’d been fresh, piled on a plate, when I got home from school. “Couldn’t you have made chocolate chip?” I said. Later that night, when she pulled chicken from the oven, I complained again. Dad was at work but Mom still put a nice meal on the table. But I wanted hamburgers. “No one even likes that kind of chicken, Mom. Why didn’t you make hamburgers?” Mom breathed deep, “I made chicken and I’ve never heard anyone complain about it before.” And it went downhill from there. I complained until Mom hit her limit, lost her temper, and we had a shouting match in the hall. I felt pretty bad about the whole thing now. Why had I taken my troubles out on Mom? I knew that if I’d come home and shared what had happened, Mom would’ve listened. She would have offered encouragement and compassion. Then she would’ve said something funny and we’d have ended up laughing. But I hadn’t done that. The sounds of the night were exaggerated (夸张的) in the dark. The rumble of the heater. The wind outside my window. Then a strange sound. A whirring from the kitchen. The clank (当啷声) of dishes. “What’s going on?” I wondered. 注意：续写词数为150左右。 Suddenly, my bedroom door creaked open. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I apologized to Mom while eating the hamburger. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省常州高级中学 2025～2026学年第二学期高一年级期末质量调研 英语试卷 说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答卷纸上。 2. 本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟 的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.At a bookstore. B.In a classroom. C.At a library. 2.What does the woman probably do? A. A novelist. B.A cartoonist. C.A reporter. 3.Who will go to Egypt with Steve? A.Diana. B.Barbara. C.Ashley. 4.How much did the man spend on his smartwatch? A.$50. B.$150. C.$200. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A flight incident. B.A plane crash. C.A skilled pilot 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7小题。 6.What does Steven think of his marathon training? A.Disappointing. B.Acceptable. C.Wonderful. 7.How long does Steven train every day? A.Three hours. B.Four hours. C.Eleven hours. 听第7段材料，回答第8至第10小题。 8.Where was the man's ticket finally found? A.In his coat pocket. B.Under his seat. C.At the train station. 9.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Customer and clerk. B.Tourist and tour guide. C.Passenger and conductor. 10.What does the man want to do now? A.Use the restroom. B.Find his lost wallet. C.Drink some water. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11.What does Peter find difficult in learning the erhu? A.Getting the right pitch B.Learning finger positions. C.Studying basic bow skills. 12.How does Peter study the erhu? A.From his father. B.From the Internet. C.From the school. 13.What does Sarah want Peter to do in the future? A.Help her create her own songs. B.Teach her how to play the erhu. C.Join her band as an erhu player. 听第9段材料，回答第14至第16小题。 14.Why does the woman come to the man? A.To do an interview. B.To try his new dishes. C.To reserve a table. 15. Which dish is the most popular one in the restaurant ? A. Stir-fried pork B. Steamed fish head C.Dong’an chicken 16.What advice does Mr.Smith give in the end? A.Use Chinese cooking tools correctly. B.Practice cooking as much as possible. C.Develop a strong passion for cooking. 听第10段材料，回答第17至第20小题。 17.When did Perrin have his first role in a movie? A.In 1941. B.In 1946. C.In 1969. 18.What did Perrin do for The Chorus? A.He directed and edited it. B.He co-produced and edited it. C.He acted in and co-produced it. 19.What Oscar Award was Winged Migration nominated(提名)for? A.Best Foreign Picture. B.Best Sound. C.Best Documentary. 20.What role did Perrin play in Cinema Paradiso? A.A conductor. B.A filmmaker. C.A cinema worker. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Make a cloud in a jar Have you ever wondered how clouds form? This super fun and simple experiment will help you see the physical changes and reactions that happen as clouds form within the atmosphere. Supplies needed ·A glass jar with a lid ·1 cup of boiling water ·Blue food coloring (optional) ·Aerosol hairspray (发胶喷雾) ·3-5 cubes of ice Instructions 1. Pour 1 cup of boiling water into the glass jar. You can use food coloring to dye (染) the water blue before pouring it into the jar. This is not required, but it does help distinguish the cloud from the water. Plus, it makes the water look like the sky. 2. Quickly spray hairspray into the jar. 3. Seal the jar immediately. This step must be performed quickly, so have the lid handy. It also helps to have multiple people doing the experiment. 4. Place 3-5 pieces of ice on top of the lid of the jar. 5. Now it’s time to observe what happens. Watch the top portion of the jar carefully. As time passes, you will see a cloud begin to form. How the science experiment works Clouds form when water from the Earth’s surface is heated and evaporates (physical change from liquid to gas), rises into the atmosphere, and then cools and condenses (physical change from gas to liquid) onto tiny particles (dust, dirt, ash, etc.) in the air. In our experiment, the warm water in the jar causes the air inside the jar to heat up. When this happens, some of the water evaporates into the air. Then the warm, moist air rises from the surface of the water to the top of the jar. Once it reaches the top of the jar, the warm, moist air begins to cool down because of the ice on the lid of the jar. The water vapor in the cooling air then condenses onto the particles of hairspray, forming a cloud in the jar. 1. What is the primary purpose of using food coloring in the experiment? A. To make the result easier to notice. B. To accelerate the rate of evaporation. C. To improve the reaction with the spray. D. To indicate the temperature of the liquid. 2. What should be done immediately after spraying hairspray inside the jar? A. Shake the jar gently. B. Put the lid onto the jar. C. Move the jar to a cooler place. D. Add ice cubes to the liquid. 3. Which process in the natural cloud formation is mirrored by the ice cubes in this experiment? A. The rising of moist air. B. The condensation onto dust. C. The cooling of rising vapor. D. The evaporation of surface water. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍“罐中造云”趣味实验，罗列实验材料、分步操作流程，并讲解实验背后模拟自然界云层形成的科学原理。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Instructions部分第一条中的“You can use food coloring to dye (染) the water blue before pouring it into the jar. This is not required, but it does help distinguish the cloud from the water. (你可以在倒入罐子前用食用色素把水染成蓝色。这不是必需步骤，但它有助于区分云和水。)”可知，食用色素的主要作用是让实验产生的云更容易被分辨、观察。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Instructions部分第二条与第三条中的“Quickly spray hairspray into the jar. Seal the jar immediately. (快速向罐内喷入发胶喷雾，立刻封住罐子。)”可知，喷完发胶后要马上盖上盖子密封罐子。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据How the science experiment works部分中的“Once it reaches the top of the jar, the warm, moist air begins to cool down because of the ice on the lid of the jar. (温热潮湿的空气到达罐子顶部后，会因为盖子上的冰块开始降温。)”以及前文的 “Clouds form when water from the Earth’s surface is heated and evaporates (physical change from liquid to gas), rises into the atmosphere, and then cools and condenses (physical change from gas to liquid) onto tiny particles (dust, dirt, ash, etc.) in the air. (当地表的水受热蒸发（液态到气态的物理变化），升入大气层，随后冷却并凝结（气态到液态的物理变化）在空气中微小颗粒（尘土、污垢、灰烬等）上时，云就形成了。)”可知，实验里冰块模拟自然界中上升水汽遇冷降温的过程。 B In the cemetery (公墓)of ancient Xochiaca, a village in Chimalhuacan on the eastern edge of Mexico City, the sound of hammers and chisels striking stone rings out on most Sundays. It comes from the local stone carvers, who still pursue a craft passed down for generations, even after the local quarries (采石场) were exhausted. Generations of stone carvers also created much of the stonework that decorates buildings and parks in the capital’s downtown. Unlike many craftspeople who want to see their works displayed in museums, the carvers here work free of charge to create and maintain carvings to decorate the local cemetery. They also work on decorating and maintaining the stonework at the 250-year-old parish church, Santa María de Guadalupe. One of the earliest signs of their predecessors’ (先辈们的) work is a carved stone in the churchyard floor reading “Xochiaca, home of the stone carvers”. It does not bear a date. It refers, however, to a time when the lake that once covered much of the valley still lapped (拍打) at the shores of Xochiaca. Builders would come looking for carvings and ship them to Mexico City by boat across the lake. While carvers in other areas long ago turned to mechanical tools, the craftsmen here still use traditional methods for their carving. Yet the craft is in trouble. There were about 600 registered stone carvers a decade ago, but now only around 300 remain and most are elderly. The local quarries were largely played out, and the land was sold for housing. Now carvers have to transport stone from other states, sometimes hundreds of miles away. Even more concerning, younger generations show little interest in taking up the trade. Encouragingly, these carvers get some help from donations from the local government and local residents. The neighbors donate funds, and the people of the town buy the stone. This shared commitment, they believe, is what keeps the spirit of their craft alive in the community. 4. What is special about Xochiaca stone carvers according to paragraph 2? A. They do voluntary work. B. They still use old tools. C. They have displays in museums. D. They master superb carving skills. 5. What does the carved stone in the churchyard tell us about the craft in Xochiaca? A. It is family-based. B. It is time-honoured. C. It is highly demanding. D. It is widely recognized. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The measures to revive the craft. B. The threats to the craft’s survival. C. The secrets to the carvers’ success. D. The key to supporting the carvers. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The carving work brings the community together. B. The carvers expect financial rewards for their work. C. The carvers play a vital role in the town’s development. D. The preservation of the craft requires collective support. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍墨西哥霍奇阿卡世代传承的石刻手艺，讲述工匠的志愿工作、悠久历史以及当下面临的多重生存危机与外界扶持。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unlike many craftspeople who want to see their works displayed in museums, the carvers here work free of charge to create and maintain carvings to decorate the local cemetery.(和许多希望自己作品在博物馆展出的手艺人不同，这里的雕刻者无偿劳作，制作并维护雕刻品，用来装饰当地公墓。)”可知，霍奇阿卡石刻工匠的特别之处在于他们会开展无偿志愿雕刻工作。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One of the earliest signs of their predecessors’ (先辈们的) work is a carved stone in the churchyard floor reading “Xochiaca, home of the stone carvers”. It does not bear a date. It refers, however, to a time when the lake that once covered much of the valley still lapped (拍打) at the shores of Xochiaca.(先辈们劳作最早的痕迹之一，是教堂墓地地面上一块刻字石头，上面写着“索奇亚卡，石雕工匠之乡”。这块石头没有刻年份，却指向一个久远年代：当年曾覆盖山谷大部分区域的湖泊，还拍打着索奇亚卡的湖岸。)”可知，这块石刻印证当地石刻技艺拥有十分悠久的历史。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Yet the craft is in trouble. There were about 600 registered stone carvers a decade ago, but now only around 300 remain and most are elderly. The local quarries were largely played out, and the land was sold for housing.(然而这门手艺正陷入困境。十年前登记在册的石雕工匠约有 600 人，如今仅剩下 300 人左右，且大多年事已高。当地采石场基本已经开采枯竭，土地也被售出用来修建住宅。)”以及“Even more concerning, younger generations show little interest in taking up the trade.(更令人担忧的是，年轻一代几乎没有兴趣从事这门行当。)”可知，本段集中介绍威胁这项雕刻技艺存续的各类难题。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Encouragingly, these carvers get some help from donations from the local government and local residents. The neighbors donate funds, and the people of the town buy the stone. This shared commitment, they believe, is what keeps the spirit of their craft alive in the community.(令人欣慰的是，这些雕刻工匠得到了当地政府与居民捐款的扶持。邻里们捐资，镇上居民镇上居民购买石材。他们认为，这份共同的坚守，正是让手艺精神在这片社区得以延续的关键。)”可知，政府、居民多方共同出力，由此能推断出这项手艺的留存离不开集体的扶持。 C Every year, millions of Europeans fall ill due to bacteria present in food. In most cases, they recover within a few days with rest and hydration. However, for serious cases that require the use of antibiotics (抗生素), things are becoming more complicated. A new joint report from two European health and safety institutions confirms what many researchers have long feared: The bacteria that cause the most widespread food poisoning are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Consequently, infections that were once easily treated are becoming difficult to cure, requiring more powerful drugs and longer hospitalization, and in some cases leaving no treatment options. The two bacteria most closely monitored in the report are salmonella (沙门氏菌) and campylobacter (弯曲杆菌), the main causes of food poisoning in Europe. They are commonly found in chicken meat, eggs, unpasteurized (未经巴氏消毒的) milk, as well as contaminated (被污染的) fruit and vegetables. The most worrying finding from the report relates to ciprofloxacin, a key antibiotic used to treat the most serious forms of these infections. A high percentage of salmonella and campylobacter bacteria detected in both human patients and farm animals show resistance to this drug. For campylobacter, the situation is so critical that ciprofloxacin is no longer recommended as a first-line treatment for human infections. For salmonella, resistance in animals has been consistently high for years, but what is more worrying is the recent increase in resistance in human infections. And both bacteria demonstrate extensive resistance to other common antibiotics. The report also makes it clear that the challenge can only be overcome by acting on multiple fronts at the same time: the responsible use of medicines in every sector, the strengthening of animal health, and the adoption of strict infection prevention and food safety measures. But what can we do as consumers? As often happens with major environmental and health problems, antibiotic resistance also has an individual dimension that should not be overlooked. Some good practices directly concern us. 8. What leads to the complexity in food poisoning treatment? A. Some bacteria are growing more resistant to drugs. B. Antibiotics are becoming less available in hospitals. C. New and untreatable types of bacteria have emerged. D. People unknowingly eat more contaminated food than before. 9. Why does the report focus on salmonella and campylobacter? A. They are resistant to all known antibiotics. B. Their resistance to ciprofloxacin is increasing. C. They are the most common resistant bacteria. D. They are the main foodborne bacteria in Europe. 10. What might the author continue talking about? A. Food safety policies. B. Consumption habits. C. Improper use of antibiotics. D. Individual preventive measures. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain why bacteria become resistant. B. To introduce a new report on removing bacteria. C. To compare different antibiotics for food poisoning. D. To highlight antibiotic resistance and suggest solutions. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍欧洲一份报告指出引发食物中毒的细菌抗生素耐药性加剧，分析两种主要致病菌现状并提出多层面解决途径。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A new joint report from two European health and safety institutions confirms what many researchers have long feared: The bacteria that cause the most widespread food poisoning are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics.(两家欧洲健康安全机构联合发布的一份新报告证实了许多研究人员长久以来的担忧：引发最普遍食物中毒的细菌，对抗生素的耐药性正不断增强。)”可知，部分细菌耐药性不断增强，使得食物中毒的治疗变得复杂。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The two bacteria most closely monitored in the report are salmonella (沙门氏菌) and campylobacter (弯曲杆菌), the main causes of food poisoning in Europe.(这份报告中重点监测的两种细菌是沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌，二者也是欧洲食物中毒的主要诱因。)”可知，报告重点关注这两种细菌，是因为它们是欧洲主要的食源性致病菌。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“But what can we do as consumers? As often happens with major environmental and health problems, antibiotic resistance also has an individual dimension that should not be overlooked. Some good practices directly concern us.(但作为消费者我们能做些什么？正如多数重大环境、健康问题经常发生的那样，抗生素耐药性存在不容忽视的个人层面因素，有一些可行做法与我们直接相关。)”可知，本段抛出消费者个人可以采取行动的问题，下文大概率会展开介绍个人预防举措。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The bacteria that cause the most widespread food poisoning are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Consequently, infections that were once easily treated are becoming difficult to cure, requiring more powerful drugs and longer hospitalization, and in some cases leaving no treatment options. (引发最普遍食物中毒的细菌，对抗生素的耐药性正不断增强。因此，那些曾经容易治愈的感染如今变得难以医治，需要药效更强的药物以及更长的住院时间，部分情况下甚至无药可治。)”以及第五段中的“The report also makes it clear that the challenge can only be overcome by acting on multiple fronts at the same time: the responsible use of medicines in every sector, the strengthening of animal health, and the adoption of strict infection prevention and food safety measures. (该报告同时明确，这一难题唯有通过多方面同步施策才能攻克：各领域负责任用药、强化动物健康管理，以及推行严格的感染防控与食品安全举措。)”可知，文章一方面着重突出细菌耐药性这一严峻问题，另一方面给出对应的解决办法，由此可推出本文写作目的是凸显抗生素耐药危机并给出解决对策。 D Advanced AI technologies, including generative AI (Gen AI) tools that can communicate with humans conversationally, are transforming what it means to work. EY Parthenon estimates that 59% of jobs globally have moderate to high exposure to AI. Physical AI is coming, too. The American Enterprise Institute predicts that by 2035, 1.3 billion AI robots will have entered the machine workforce. While the specific skills needed for future jobs will change, there are some core competencies that you should cultivate to ensure future career success. A recent report shows that communication is the number one most in-demand skill. It outranks AI literacy, data analytics and a host of other technical capabilities. When one can’t communicate effectively with coworkers or customers, it costs the business time and money. Gen AI tools may solve some of your communication problems, but only if you can effectively communicate your wishes to them. Plus, miscommunications can happen at a much faster pace when AI helps us develop and distribute them. There are limits to how much one individual can accomplish, even with the assistance of an army of AI tools. Team-based operational structures enable organizations to tackle complex, cross-functional tasks while weighing each individual’s strengths. This type of team-powered output requires more than just effective communication; it requires a full range of collaborative (协作的) skills. Experts predict that creative thinking will remain an area in which humans hold an advantage. Gen AI applications may produce creative output. But these tools don’t possess the level of imagination that humans bring to creative tasks. Furthermore, while AI is good at detecting patterns buried in data, human imagination excels at creating patterns. Deep, creative thinking is a skill you can nurture by exploring topics outside your expertise (专业知识). Engage in unstructured thinking to build your creative skills. Besides, the ability to adapt will be a career necessity. Individuals with AI literacy will also be preferred by employers. Are you ready to build your skills for the future? 12. What phenomenon does paragraph 1 illustrate? A. Technology is reshaping employment. B. Humans will be replaced by AI robots. C. Work will rely entirely on AI tools in the future. D. Technological advances worsen unemployment. 13. Why is communication important in the age of AI? A. It remains unaffected by technological changes. B. It is a fundamental component of collaboration. C. It enables humans to make effective use of AI tools. D. It boosts profits and strengthens interpersonal relations. 14. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Analyzing data calls for a creative approach. B. Gen AI outperforms humans in artistic creation. C. Gen AI falls short when it comes to imagination. D. Humans hold an advantage in exploring various topics. 15. Who is the text mainly intended for? A. Tech enthusiasts. B. Corporate managers. C. University professors. D. Potential job seekers. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍生成式AI与AI机器人正在改变职场，讲解未来职场必备的沟通、协作、创新、适应力等核心能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Advanced AI technologies, including generative AI (Gen AI) tools that can communicate with humans conversationally, are transforming what it means to work. EY Parthenon estimates that 59% of jobs globally have moderate to high exposure to AI.(先进人工智能技术，包括可与人对话交流的生成式人工智能工具，正在改变工作的定义。安永帕特农咨询公司预估，全球59%的工作岗位会受到中等至高强度的人工智能影响。)”可知，第一段阐述人工智能技术正在重塑就业相关格局。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Gen AI tools may solve some of your communication problems, but only if you can effectively communicate your wishes to them.(生成式人工智能工具或许能解决部分沟通问题，但前提是你能清晰有效地向它们传达自身需求。)”可知，在人工智能时代，良好的沟通能力能让人有效利用AI工具，这是沟通能力重要的原因。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Gen AI applications may produce creative output. But these tools don’t possess the level of imagination that humans bring to creative tasks.(生成式人工智能程序可以产出创意内容，但这类工具不具备人类在创意工作中拥有的想象力。)”可知，生成式人工智能在想象力方面存在不足。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“While the specific skills needed for future jobs will change, there are some core competencies that you should cultivate to ensure future career success.(尽管未来工作所需的具体技能会发生变化，但你需要培养一些核心能力来保障未来职业发展顺利。)”以及尾段“Are you ready to build your skills for the future?(你准备好为未来打磨自身技能了吗？)”可知，文章面向需要为未来职场储备能力、寻找工作的人群给出能力培养建议，目标读者是潜在求职者。 第二节七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Just yesterday,I started tidying the living room,only to get distracted when I noticed my newly-bought dumbbells. ____16____. Before I knew it, I was surrounded by damp laundry and no further forward with my cleaning mission. I was experiencing “popcorn brain”. It is characterized by scattered thoughts, fragmented (碎片化的) attention, and an urge to switch between topics,similar to the random popping of corn kernels in a pot. ____17____. “Popcorn brain is usually situational,” explains psychotherapist Tina. “It tends to emerge during periods of stress, emotional chaos, information overload, or major lifestyle changes.” Here are some of Tina’s top tips to turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime. Mind map method Make a mind map by writing down everything that’s on your brain:appointments, worries, conversations, to-dos. “Grouping these into areas of your life — e.g. work, home, emotional wellbeing, future plans,” suggests Tina. “Then ask yourself: What matters now? ____18____? These questions help create order, and give your brain permission to focus, as well as the opportunity to remember everything.” ____19____ A true digital detox (排毒) is unrealistic for most ofus. Instead, try “focus blocks” consisting of 25-30 minutes away from screens, followed by a 5-minute reward scroll. “This teaches your brain to tolerate stillness, without feeling punished or deprived,” says Tina. Reclaim boredom ____20____. This may feel extremely boring at first, because popcorn brain likes to be “go go go” in an attempt to feel safe. “Go for a walk without music. Cook without a podcast. Stare out of your window and notice what you can see, “suggests Tina.” Sit in silence and observe your thoughts. Let your brain breathe. Doing nothing is sometimes doing exactly what your nervous system and body needs.” A. Minimize tech B. Relax your brain. C. What if we totally ignore minor details D. Allow space in your day for doing nothing E. What can wait without causing any negative consequences F. Inspired to work out, I switched to hunting for clean gym wear G. It’s also accompanied by mental overload, increased stress, fatigue, and anxiety 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍“爆米花脑”特征成因并给出三条实用调节建议。 【16题详解】 由上文“Just yesterday,I started tidying the living room,only to get distracted when I noticed my newly-bought dumbbells.(就在昨天，我开始收拾客厅，看到新买的哑铃后就分神了)”及下文“Before I knew it, I was surrounded by damp laundry and no further forward with my cleaning mission.(不知不觉间，周围堆满湿衣物，打扫任务一点没推进)”可知，作者看到哑铃后想去健身，空格要承接分心后的行为。F选项“一时兴起想锻炼，我转而去找干净的健身服”能够承上启下，符合题意。 【17题详解】 由上文“It is characterized by scattered thoughts,fragmented attention, and an urge to switch between topics,similar to the random popping of corn kernels in a pot.(它的特征是思绪涣散、注意力碎片化，总想切换思绪，就像锅里玉米粒四处乱蹦)”以及下文““Popcorn brain is usually situational,” explains psychotherapist Tina. “It tends to emerge during periods of stress, emotional chaos,information overload,or major lifestyle changes.” Here are some of Tina’s top tips to turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime.(心理治疗师蒂娜解释道：“‘爆米花脑’通常由特定场景引发，在压力大、情绪混乱、信息过载或生活发生重大变动时容易出现。”下面是蒂娜分享的几条实用建议，帮你缓解大脑过度运转的状态)”可知，上文介绍了爆米花脑的核心特征，下文心理治疗师对爆米花脑的成因解释，空格要补充该状态的其他伴随表现。G选项“它还会伴随大脑超负荷、压力增大、疲惫与焦虑)”能够承上启下，符合题意。 【18题详解】 由上文“What matters now?(当下什么事最重要？)”及下文“These questions help create order (这些问题能梳理思绪)”可知，此处为并列问句，区分当下要紧和可以延后的事。E选项“什么事可以延后处理且不会带来不良后果”与前文问句呼应，符合题意。 【19题详解】 该空为本段小标题，由下文“A true digital detox (排毒) is unrealistic for most of us. Instead, try “focus blocks” consisting of 25-30 minutes away from screens, followed by a 5-minute reward scroll.(对大多数人来说，彻底远离电子产品并不现实。相反，可以尝试25至30分钟远离屏幕的专注时段，之后再短暂刷手机放松)”可知，本段核心是减少电子设备干扰，本空为段落小标题。A选项“减少电子产品使用”精准概括段落主旨，符合题意。 【20题详解】 本段小标题为“Reclaim boredom(主动接纳无聊)”，由下文“Doing nothing is sometimes doing exactly what your nervous system and body needs.(有时候，放空无为恰恰是神经系统和身体所需要的)”可知，本段倡导日常留出放空、不忙碌的时间。本空应强调要留出放空发呆的时间。D选项“一天中留出放空、什么都不做的时间”总领本段内容，符合题意。 第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分55分) 第一节完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Sam Glassenberg’s 5-year-old daughter was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, the experienced video game developer found himself facing a cold reality. He had to become his child’s stand-in “pancreas (胰腺)”, making life-or-death insulin (胰岛素) ____21____. After his daughter spent two days in the hospital in 2019, Glassenberg was given a sheet of paper by the ____22____ team with crossed out carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (碳水化合物与胰岛素比值), rounding rules, and correction factors. Even as a computer science engineer, Glassenberg found it ____23____ and frustrating, especially with the high stakes (风险) involved. “For the first few months, I was learning through play, but that play was trial-and-error on my own kid,” he said. So, he did what game ____24____ do best. He built a video game — called “Level One: A Diabetes Game” — a free mobile app. It turns the ____25____ science of diabetes management into an easy interactive game that teaches people how insulin, food, and blood sugar ____26____ with the body. Its goal is to help children and their ____27____ feel less overwhelmed after diagnosis. The game has sixty ____28____ to help people better understand diabetes concepts and introduces new ones as the player ____29____ through the levels. More than 200 reviewers in the app store have weighed in, giving it 4.9 stars out of 5. The game was launched in _____30_____ with two leading diabetes organizations. What was it like to _____31_____ a way to help the entire diabetes community? “It’s extremely _____32_____ and meaningful,” he said, “but also a little frustrating.” Glassenberg said he wished he had developed the app _____33_____ so that more people could have already_____34_____, especially those in underserved communities where _____35_____ to care and diabetes education is lacking. 21. A. plans B. maps C. games D. decisions 22. A. critical B. technical C. medical D. moral 23. A. beneficial B. confusing C. entertaining D. negative 24. A. players B. designers C. enthusiasts D. competitors 25. A. modern B. survival C. complex D. experimental 26. A. interact B. evolve C. combine D. help 27. A. companions B. doctors C. assistants D. caregivers 28. A. parts B. levels C. questions D. roles 29. A. goes B. looks C. advances D. searches 30. A. line B. harmony C. contact D. partnership 31. A. turn out B. figure out C. break out D. bring out 32. A. rewarding B. challenging C. stimulating D. relaxing 33. A. better B. bigger C. sooner D. funnier 34. A. known B. appreciated C. booked D. benefited 35. A. access B. right C. link D. reference 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述游戏开发者因女儿患上一型糖尿病，开发科普游戏帮助病患家庭理解糖尿病管理知识的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：他不得不充当女儿临时的胰腺，做出关乎生死的胰岛素用药决策。A. plans方案；B. maps图谱；C. games游戏；D. decisions决定。根据后文“crossed out carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (碳水化合物与胰岛素比值), rounding rules, and correction factors”可知，胰岛素配比、校正数值都需要人为判断取舍，做出用药决定。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：2019年女儿住院两天后，医疗团队给了他一张写满碳水胰岛素配比、取整规则和校正系数的纸。A. critical关键的；B. technical技术的；C. medical医疗的；D. moral道德的。根据前文“his daughter spent two days in the hospital”可知对接他的是医院医护人员，属于医疗团队。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即便身为计算机工程师，他也觉得这套内容令人费解又让人沮丧，尤其相关操作风险极高。A. beneficial有益的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. entertaining有趣的；D. negative消极的。根据前文一堆繁杂的碳水胰岛素配比、校正规则，以及后文“frustrating”可知整套计算规则晦涩难懂，使人困惑。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：于是他做了游戏设计师最擅长的事。A. players玩家；B. designers设计师；C. enthusiasts爱好者；D. competitors竞争者。根据前文“the experienced video game developer”可知，主人公本身是游戏开发者、设计师。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它将糖尿病管理这套复杂的科学知识转化为一款简单的互动游戏，向人们讲解胰岛素、食物与血糖如何和人体相互作用。A. modern现代的；B. survival生存的；C. complex复杂的；D. experimental实验性的。根据前文“crossed out carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (碳水化合物与胰岛素比值), rounding rules, and correction factors. Even as a computer science engineer, Glassenberg found it _______ and frustrating, especially with the high stakes (风险) involved.”可知，糖尿病相关计算规则繁琐难懂，对应知识体系十分复杂。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：它将糖尿病管理这套复杂的科学知识转化为一款简单的互动游戏，向人们讲解胰岛素、食物与血糖如何和人体相互作用。A. interact相互作用；B. evolve进化；C. combine结合；D. help帮助。根据前文“carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (碳水化合物与胰岛素比值), rounding rules, and correction factors.”可知，前文提到食物碳水、胰岛素存在换算关联，体现三者在人体中互相影响作用。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：它的目标是帮助确诊后的孩子及其看护者减轻手足无措的感受。A. companions同伴；B. doctors医生；C. assistants助手；D. caregivers看护者。根据前文“He had to become his child’s stand-in “pancreas (胰腺)”, making life-or-death insulin (胰岛素) ________ .”可知，患儿家长需要全程负责糖尿病护理，属于看护人群体。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：游戏设置六十个关卡，帮助人们更好掌握糖尿病相关概念，玩家通关时会解锁新知识。A. parts部分；B. levels关卡；C. questions问题；D. roles角色。根据后文“and introduces new ones as the player ________ through the levels.”可知，原文直接出现levels，对应游戏关卡。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：游戏设置六十个关卡，帮助人们更好掌握糖尿病相关概念，玩家闯关升级时会解锁新知识。A. goes走；B. looks看；C. advances进阶；D. searches搜寻。根据后文“through the levels”可知，玩家在关卡中不断推进、升级解锁内容，advance through表示“闯关进阶”。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：该游戏由两大权威糖尿病机构合作推出。A. line路线；B. harmony和谐；C. contact联系；D. partnership合作。根据后文“two leading diabetes organizations”可知，游戏是和专业机构联合推出，in partnership with表示与……合作。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：想出一种能帮助全部糖尿病群体的办法是什么感受？A. turn out结果是；B. figure out想出、弄明白；C. break out爆发；D. bring out使显现。根据前文“He built a video game — called “Level One: A Diabetes Game” — a free mobile app.”可知，前文介绍他自主制作科普游戏，摸索出帮助糖尿病人群的方式，figure out a way 表示“想出解决办法”。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“这件事非常有成就感、意义重大，” 他说，“但也有点让人灰心。”A. rewarding有意义、值得的；B. challenging有挑战的；C. stimulating刺激的；D. relaxing放松的。根据后文“meaningful”以及前文“More than 200 reviewers in the app store have weighed in, giving it 4.9 stars out of5”可知，游戏收获极高好评、帮助糖尿病患者家庭，这件事带来强烈成就感 【33题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：格拉森伯格说他真希望自己能更早开发这款应用，这样更多人就能从中受益，尤其是医疗资源匮乏、难以获取医疗服务与糖尿病教育的社区人群。A. better更好；B. bigger更大；C. sooner更早；D. funnier更有趣。根据后文“so that more people could have already ______”可知，他遗憾开发太晚，没能更早惠及大众。 【34题详解】 考查动词过去分词。句意：格拉森伯格说他真希望自己能更早开发这款应用，这样更多人就能从中受益，尤其是医疗资源匮乏、难以获取医疗服务与糖尿病教育的社区人群。A. known知晓；B. appreciated感激；C. booked预约；D. benefited受益。根据后文“especially those in underserved communities where access to care and diabetes education is lacking”可知，后文说明欠服务社区缺少相关医疗教育，推出软件能让这些人群从中获益。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：格拉森伯格说他真希望自己能更早开发这款应用，这样更多人就能从中受益，尤其是医疗资源匮乏、难以获取医疗服务与糖尿病教育的社区人群。A. access获取途径、可及性；B. right权利；C. link链接；D. reference参考。根据后文“to care and diabetes education is lacking”可知，这类社区缺少医疗科普与诊疗资源，access to care表示“获得医疗服务的渠道”。 第二节语法填空(共10题：每题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we think of great scientists, names like Einstein or Newton often come to mind. However, history is filled with brilliant women ____36____ discoveries have shaped our world — yet their stories are less known. One ____37____ (shine) example is Marie Curie, a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She was the first woman and the only person ____38____ (win) a Nobel Prize in two ____39____ (science) fields: Physics and Chemistry. Her pioneering research on radioactivity not only introduced a new term into science but also led to cancer treatments that save millions of lives today. ____40____ facing harsh criticism because of her gender, she remained dedicated to her work. Another remarkable figure is Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist. ____41____ (refer) to the ancient Chinese medical books, she designed the experiments and discovered artemisinin, a drug that has dramatically reduced death rates from malaria, one of the ____42____ (dead) diseases in human history. She and her team managed to find solutions ____43____ various problems with limited research resources. For this achievement, she ____44____ (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. These women overcame social barriers, lack of funding, and skepticism. They proved that science has no gender _____45_____ only curiosity, persistence, and courage. Their stories encourage all students, especially young girls, to pursue careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). 【答案】36. whose 37. shining 38. to win##to have won 39. scientific 40. Despite##When##While##Though##Although 41. Referring ##Having referred 42. deadliest##most deadly##deadly 43. to 44. was awarded 45. but 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍居里夫人与屠呦呦两位杰出女性科学家的科研成就，讲述她们冲破性别偏见、资源匮乏等阻碍取得重大突破，证明科学不分性别，并激励年轻人投身理工科领域。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，历史上有许多杰出女性，她们的发现重塑了我们的世界，可她们的事迹却鲜为人知。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词brilliant women指人，关系词在从句中作名词discoveries的定语，表所属关系，用关系代词whose。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个耀眼的例子便是玛丽·居里，一位出生于波兰的物理学家与化学家。此处非谓语动词作前置定语修饰example，shine与逻辑主语example之间是主动关系，用现在分词shining，意为“耀眼的、出色的”。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她是第一位、也是唯一一位在物理与化学两大科学领域均斩获诺贝尔奖的人。名词被the only修饰时，后置定语只能用动词不定式；此处既可表动作发生在主句谓语之后，所以此处为to win；也可强调动作已完成，所以此处为to have won。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她是第一位、也是唯一一位在物理与化学两大科学领域均斩获诺贝尔奖的人。此处修饰名词fields，需要形容词作定语，science对应的形容词scientific，意为“科学的”。 【40题详解】 考查连词/介词。句意：尽管因性别遭受严苛非议，她仍全身心投入研究。此处引导让步逻辑，空后为动名词，所以此处可为介词despite；也可为连词when/while/though/although引导省略主语与be动词的让步状语从句，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：参考中国古代医籍，她设计实验并发现了青蒿素，这种药物大幅降低疟疾致死率，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。此处非谓语动词作状语，refer与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词referring；也可强调“查阅古籍”发生在设计实验之前，用现在分词的完成式having referred，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 【42题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：参考中国古代医籍，她设计实验并发现了青蒿素，这种药物大幅降低疟疾致死率，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。固定结构one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，dead对应的形容词deadly意为“致命的”，此处使用其最高级为deadliest，也可用most deadly；deadly作形容词原级也可用于此处语境。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：她和团队在科研资源有限的情况下，成功找到各类难题的解决办法。固定搭配solutions to problems，意为“难题的解决方法”，此处为介词to。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态与语态。句意：凭借这一成就，她于2015年被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。主语she与award之间是被动关系，时间状语in 2015表过去，使用一般过去时被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was awarded。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：她们证明科学无关性别，只关乎好奇心、毅力与勇气。前后两个分句为转折对比逻辑，固定结构not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”，用并列连词but。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校最近对全校学生发出“减少屏幕时间，培养健康爱好”的倡导，就此学校网站英语专栏向同学们征稿，稿件内容包括： 1. 介绍你的一项业余爱好； 2. 此爱好给你带来的益处； 3. 发出号召。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 In response to our school’s recent initiative to reduce screen time and cultivate healthy hobbies, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： In response to our school’s recent initiative to reduce screen time and cultivate healthy hobbies, I would like to share one of my most cherished pastimes — playing the guitar. I picked up the guitar two years ago. Nowadays, instead of mindlessly scrolling through social media or watching videos, I dedicate about thirty minutes after school to practicing chords and melodies, which has brought remarkable changes to my life. Not only does this hobby serve as an effective stress reliever, but it also strengthens my patience and focus. Besides, playing the guitar has deepened my connections with others when I collaborate with classmates who share a passion for music. I sincerely encourage everyone to find an activity to illuminate your life beyond the digital screen. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生写一篇投稿，内容包括介绍个人爱好、阐述其益处并发出号召，旨在倡导减少屏幕时间、培养健康爱好。 【详解】1.词汇积累 珍视的：cherished → treasured 加强：strengthen → enhance 投入：dedicate → devote 显著的：remarkable → noticeable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I picked up the guitar two years ago. 拓展句：I picked up the guitar two years ago, which has become my favorite daily activity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, instead of mindlessly scrolling through social media or watching videos, I dedicate about thirty minutes after school to practicing chords and melodies, which has brought remarkable changes to my life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, playing the guitar has deepened my connections with others when I collaborate with classmates who share a passion for music. (运用了动名词短语作主语，when引导的时间状语从句、who引导的定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mom and I stood in the hallway, nose to nose. Her hands were on her hips and she looked pretty angry. “I think you’d better go to bed now,” she said. I turned around and stomped (跺着脚走) to my bedroom. I’d had the worst day at high school. My best friend, Mary Ellen, decided to join forces with the cool girl Regina. So there was no room for me at the lunch table. Of course, this had nothing to do with my mom, except that I’d been terrible to her that day. Years later I’d learn the terminology — misplaced anger — but on that day I’d just been hurt and mad and Mom was the retaliation (报复) target. I pulled back the comforter (被子)and slid between sheets. As I lay there, I replayed the day’s events through my mind. Mom had baked cookies and they’d been fresh, piled on a plate, when I got home from school. “Couldn’t you have made chocolate chip?” I said. Later that night, when she pulled chicken from the oven, I complained again. Dad was at work but Mom still put a nice meal on the table. But I wanted hamburgers. “No one even likes that kind of chicken, Mom. Why didn’t you make hamburgers?” Mom breathed deep, “I made chicken and I’ve never heard anyone complain about it before.” And it went downhill from there. I complained until Mom hit her limit, lost her temper, and we had a shouting match in the hall. I felt pretty bad about the whole thing now. Why had I taken my troubles out on Mom? I knew that if I’d come home and shared what had happened, Mom would’ve listened. She would have offered encouragement and compassion. Then she would’ve said something funny and we’d have ended up laughing. But I hadn’t done that. The sounds of the night were exaggerated (夸张的) in the dark. The rumble of the heater. The wind outside my window. Then a strange sound. A whirring from the kitchen. The clank (当啷声) of dishes. “What’s going on?” I wondered. 注意：续写词数为150左右。 Suddenly, my bedroom door creaked open. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I apologized to Mom while eating the hamburger. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Suddenly, my bedroom door creaked open. I held my breath, unsure of what I would say if Mom came in. But instead of turning on the light, she quietly walked inside, carrying something that smelled the thick, juicy scent of hamburgers. She didn’t speak right away. In the dim glow from the hallway, she just set the plate on my bedside table and gently pulled the blanket over my shoulder. The anger on her face from earlier was gone, replaced by something softer. My throat tightened as I realized what she had done for me. I apologized to Mom while eating the hamburger. The words came out slowly at first, but soon everything I had been holding in spilled out. I told her about school and how hurt I had felt. Mom listened quietly. When I finished, she smiled and squeezed my hand, telling me to let it go because there were new people waiting for me. I learned a lot about grace that night, when I should’ve been served a consequence (承担后果). But instead, my precious mom pulled out the pan, wiped the dust from the blender (搅拌机), and dished up a hearty portion of love. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者的情感经历为线索展开，讲述作者在学校遭遇交友受挫，将委屈与怒火无端发泄在母亲身上，与母亲争吵。深夜作者心生愧疚，却发现母亲不计较争执，默默为自己准备爱吃的汉堡，作者真诚道歉，领悟到母亲温柔包容的爱的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写母亲轻轻走进房间，为作者送来心心念念的汉堡，温柔体贴，褪去了先前的怒气，令作者内心触动。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者边吃汉堡边真诚道歉，倾诉心中委屈，母亲温柔开导，作者深切体会到母爱与宽容。 2.续写线索：母亲推门而入——贴心送餐——温柔关怀——内心触动——真诚致歉——倾诉烦恼——母亲开导——感悟母爱 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①踏入：walk inside/step inside ②放置：set/place/lay 情绪类 ①温柔：soft/gentle ②愤怒：anger/annoyance 【点睛】[高分句型1] But instead of turning on the light, she quietly walked inside, carrying something that smelled the thick, juicy scent of hamburgers.（运用了现在分词短语作状语以及关系代词that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] When I finished, she smiled and squeezed my hand, telling me to let it go because there were new people waiting for me.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句、现在分词短语作状语以及because引导的原因状语从句和现在分词短语作后置定语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $