精品解析：上海市实验学校2024-2025学年度第二学期高三2月月考英语试题

上海市实验学校2024学年度第二学期高三英语2月月考 (考试时间：105分钟) 2025年2月19日 考生注意： 1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须写在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。 2．答题前,请在答题纸上粘贴二维码,请用黑色或蓝黑色水笔答题,不得使用修正液涂改。 3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。 4．试卷满分115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Colors Matter: What Bright Clothing Says About the Wearer We all notice bright colors. People who choose to go vibrant, whether they express themselves through clothes or accessories, hear everything from, “No one is going to miss you at the party” to, “I would never have the guts ____1____ (put) that on.” But according to research, those comments may be both accurate and expected. Adam D. Pazda and Christopher A. Thorstenson examined ____2____ we perceive people at first impression who wear bright colors. They specifically examined the effect of chroma — defined as “the colorfulness of an area judged as a proportion of the brightness of a similarly illuminated area that appears white or highly transmitting.” ____3____ practical terms, the quantity of hue (颜色) content or color intensity. They found that targets, both male and female, who ____4____ (wear) or surrounded by high-chroma colors were perceived as more open and extraverted than in a low-chroma setting. They concluded that chroma is a variable (变量) of perception that ____5____ influence first impressions of personality. ____6____ (drill) down further, examining evidence deduced through a meta-analysis across all experiments, they found that high-chroma colors enhanced viewer perspective of openness and extraversion, but not other traits: such as emotional stability, agreeableness, or conscientiousness. These observations are important because some job responsibilities capitalize on some of the traits inferred through bright colors. Pazda and Thorstenson recognize what job seekers no doubt consider ____7____ they look for a career to match their personal disposition (性格)：in some occupations, success is fueled by possessing certain personality traits. They give examples of industries such as sales and marketing as well as customer service as domains ____8____ extraverts thrive. Accordingly, applicants for these positions may be viewed more favorably and judged as more competent if they wear highly chromatic clothing. Regarding the generality of their results, Pazda and Thorstenson note that one of the limitations of their study was their use of participants living in the United States, which means their findings may not predict results in other cultures. They note the possibility that chroma may influence the perception of personality traits differently in non-Western countries, and that high-chroma clothing may be perceived as diverging from social norms in other cultures. The practical takeaway, at least in the United States, appears to be that bright colors, like the peacock’s tail, will get you ____9____ (notice). But depending on your goals, consider ____10____ (tailor) your chroma to the circumstances, personally and professionally. Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. withstand B. phased C. cousin D. preserve E. grant F. concerning G. combining H. provide I. grave J. crown K. treasured Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when ____11____ memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s ____12____ will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favored sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But it is ____13____ that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous ____14____ to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government ____15____ and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organization “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully ____16____ out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. A consultation with staff and their unions is ongoing. But MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be anxious about the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks such as Dover Castle and Hadrian’s Wall. But these kinds of visits, ____17____ historical education with pleasure have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratize leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the ____18____ of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. English Heritage’s chief executive, Nick Merriman, has only been in post for a year. His aim will be to strengthen the organization by recruiting more members and volunteers. The interest in Tudor England kindled by the BBC’s adaptation of Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall trilogy could ____19____ a boost to monasteries(修道院)and abbeys. But with costs rising, it is not an easy task. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can ____20____ a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. II. Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Is there such a thing as a classic? After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people ____21____ Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of its smile, but because of a thief. Until someone stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; shortly after this, viewers ____22____ to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrible, empty space” where the painting had hung. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious ____23____ that endures across the ages. But, as Rochelle Gurstein writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in ____24____ was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. Let’s take other celebrated works of art that, along with the “Mona Lisa,” ____25____ European culture. Until the late 19th century, Michelangelo’s “David” stood in a public square in Florence, where it was exposed to the ____26____ without anything to protect it from wear and tear. He ____27____ more pigeons than people; most art lovers preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers ____28____ the “Venus de Medici,” a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing ____29____; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to depict ____30____ forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by ____31____ classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. But such masterpieces were challenged by “discoveries”. Lord Elgin tried to ____32____ the beautiful marbles that once decorated the Parthenon, but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state. When the marbles went on display in 1807, British visitors did not see the ____33____, clean sculptures they expected. Timeless ideals seemed less impressive in ____34____ with the timeworn marbles, and artists began to feel more distant from the classical tradition. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, created an influential narrative of artistic ____35____ that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century, critic John Ruskin argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. When you see today’s popular contemporary “masterpieces” being sold for millions, you might wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. 21. A. stand by B. look up C. stare at D. pass by 22. A. flooded in B. participated in C. gathered in D. came back 23. A. appeal B. acquaintance C. appreciation D. intention 24. A. sand B. wind C. stone D. sea 25. A. change B. define C. restore D. advocate 26. A. artists B. supervisors C. elements D. radiation 27. A. acquired B. admitted C. attributed D. attracted 28. A. underestimated B. disliked C. anticipated D. admired 29. A. states B. tastes C. standards D. conditions 30. A. different B. similar C. fixed D. ideal 31. A. copying B. admiring C. viewing D. appreciating 32. A. put aside B. fix up C. take down D. mix up 33. A. original B. modern C. flawless D. vivid 34. A. competition B. communication C. association D. comparison 35. A. distribution B. progress C. expression D. impression Section B 22% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I was the ultimate day care kid — I never left. From before I could walk to the start of middle school, Kimmy’s day care was my second home. While my classmates went home with stay-at-home moms, I traveled to the town next door where the houses are smaller. At school, I stuck out. I was one of the few brown kids. Both of my parents worked full time. We didn’t spend money on tutors when I got a poor test score. I’d never owned a pair of Lululemon leggings, and my mom was not expert in the art of yoga. At school, I was a blade of green grass in a California lawn, but at day care, I blended in. The kids ranged from infants to toddlers and I was the oldest. As an only child, this was my window into a sibling relationship — well, seven sibling relationships. I played with them till we dropped, held them when they cried, got annoyed when they took my things. And the kids did the same for me. Kimmy called herself “the substitute mother,” but she never gave herself enough credit. She listened while I gushed about my day, held me when I had a fever and came running when I fell out of the tree. From her, I learned to feed a baby a bottle, and recognize when a child was about to walk. I saw dozens of first steps, heard hundreds of first words, celebrated countless birthdays. Most importantly, I learned to let the bottle go when the baby could feed herself. And I collected all the firsts, memories and stories of each kid, spinning elaborate tales to the parents at the end of the day. I was the memory keeper, each page titled with a child’s name and the moments I was afraid they wouldn’t remember. I don’t go to day care anymore. When I look back, I see Kimmy and my seven “siblings.” I see the beginnings of lives, and a place that quietly shapes the children who run across the lawn below. The baby stares curiously up at me from the patio (露台), bouncing in her seat. She will be walking soon, Kimmy says. As will I. 36. Which of the following is NOT true about the author? A. She felt that she did not belong when she was at school. B. Her family didn’t have much spare money for small luxuries. C. She was born to a poor family from an ethnic background. D. She wanted to have a sibling who could take care of her. 37. In the last paragraph, what does the author mean by “As will I”? A. I will be walking away from day care. B. I will be growing up as the baby is. C. I will go visiting them in the future. D. I will keep day care days in mind. 38. Why does the author say that “I was the ultimate day care kid — I never left”? A. She was unwilling to move on to a new life. B. She kept all the precious memories there. C. She was by far the oldest child at day care. D. She was the last kid to leave day care. 39. The author gave Kimmy credit for all the things EXCEPT __________. A. Kimmy’s patience and concern in her care B. her leading by example in looking after kids C. substituting for her mother in her upbringing D. teaching the author her philosophy of childcare (B) INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck What’s in it for me? If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup.merckgroup.com Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck. 40. Who can apply to participate in the event? A. High school students interested in life science. B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics. C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance. D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs. 41. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation. B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition C. To promote the Merck company around the world. D. To inform alumni of an important conference. 42. Which of the following is true about the event? A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food. B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations. C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes. D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months. (C) “It’s free and always will be,” Facebook promised on its landing page for nearly a decade. The world’s largest social network still is. But from this week its users and those of its sister app, Instagram, will have the option of paying $11.99 a month for a “verified (经核实的)” account, buying them better customer service and more widely distributed posts. The subscription is the latest example of a growing trend. Last June Snapchat, a messaging app popular among 20-somethings, launched a $3.99 plan called Snapchat+. In December Twitter relaunched Twitter Blue, an $8-per-month service. Like Facebook’s offering, both offer extra services, the most significant being a higher visibility of the user’s posts in others’ feeds. It is hardly surprising that ad-supported networks are looking to diversify their sources of income. After years of non-stop growth the online-advertising business has hit a speed bump. The great one-off shift of ad budgets from online locations, like newspapers, to the web is mostly complete. The results have been painful. Meta, Facebook’s parent company, has reported falling profit in each of the past three quarters. Snap, which owns Snapchat, has lost nearly 90% of its market value in the same period. Subscriptions are no substitute for ads. Snap said that 2.5 million people had signed up to Snapchat+, less than 1% of its app’s 375 million daily users. That implies annual subscription sales of no more than $120 million, or less than 3% of Snap’s total income last year. Though Twitter has not said how many have joined, a recent leak put the figure at below 300,000. To the extent that social networks employ subscription it will mean a windfall for the mobile platforms that host their apps. Google, which runs the Android operating system, and Apple, which runs iOS, make no money from apps’ advertising, but take a cut of consumers’ in-app purchases, including subscriptions. Having blocked the mobile ad business with new privacy rules, Apple and Google stand to profit from the resulting move to subscriptions. There may be a sting in the tail. While Meta’s new service costs $11.99 for those signing up or the web, the price if paying through the app is $14.99. Similarly, Mr Musk, who has called Apple’s fees “a 30% tax on the Internet”, charges $8 for Twitter Blue online and $11 in the app. Such pricing has proved controversial, with Apple blocking apps such as Fortnite, a video game which told users they could pay less in a browser. But as more large companies adopt differential pricing, consumers may learn that they can get a big discount by signing up outside Apple and Google’s ecosystems. 43. What trend is described in the first two paragraphs? A. Social media platforms start to increase their subscription fees. B. Social media platforms are losing their appeal to young people. C. Social media platforms start to offer paid subscription services. D. Social media platforms are making efforts to maintain their users. 44. Why do social networks need to have more sources of income? A. Their market value has just started to rise. B. Ad budgets are returning to offline locations. C. Ad companies are giving up online platforms. D. Their online advertising business is slowing down. 45. The statistics in paragraph 4 are intended to ________. A. suggest a more feasible substitute for online advertising B. show that the contribution from the subscriptions is limited C. criticize social media platforms for their misleading information D. imply that there is no need to provide extra services for paying users 46. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Consumers can apply for a discount if they subscribe in apps. B. The mobile platforms may well benefit from the subscription plans. C. New privacy rules will impact negatively on the subscription services. D. Differential pricing will become a thing of the past due to consumers’ opposition. Section C 8% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. ____47____ Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.  Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. _____48_____ Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower. As long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.  In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.  _____49_____ Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. ____50____ While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.” A. The capacity to hold and manipulate information in the short-term declines. B. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. C. In reality, education does an aging brain good. D. By sustained learning, late-in-life learners can experience improvements in memory recall and attention span. E. A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. F. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume. III．Summary 10% 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Behind the screen A student named Alex created a fake Instagram account and posted a photo of a classmate, Sam, with a cruel tag making fun of Sam’s appearance. Alex also started a group chat where they shared more unflattering photos of Sam and encouraged others to join in. Alex’s actions can be categorized as a form of cyberbullying, a widespread phenomenon in the digital age. Bullies typically bully a person by means of instant messaging or social media. It can take many forms, such as spreading rumors, sharing embarrassing photos or videos, and using hurtful language to attack someone online. Unlike traditional bullying, which is often limited to specific locations like schools or neighborhoods, cyberbullying can occur whether the bully is on vacation or on business, as long as the bully has access to a device connected to the Internet. Bullies engage in invasive behavior because they can hide behind fake profiles. They can separate their online actions from their offline identity, reducing their sense of responsibility. Additionally, sitting at the other end of the screen means bullies do not see the immediate emotional impact of their actions. Individuals are less likely to feel empathy and may fail to recognize how destructive their behavior is. The everlasting online content means that harmful messages or images can remain accessible indefinitely. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. Victims may even experience social disconnection, as they might feel too ashamed or scared to seek help or interact with others, including teachers and parents. Addressing cyberbullying requires a comprehensive approach. Parents need to educate children about the dangers of online behavior and the importance of empathy and respect. Social media platforms also have a responsibility to monitor and remove harmful content, as well as to provide support for victims. By doing this, we can work towards reducing the prevalence of cyberbullying and creating a safer online environment for everyone. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation 15% (3+3+4+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这部老少咸宜的国产动画片有可能问鼎全球电影票房冠军吗?(it) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 今年二月，亚冬会在东北举行，那里得天独厚的冰雪资源为赛事提供了完美的条件。(whose) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 54. DeepSeek的横空出世标志着人工智能领域迎来了一个全新的突破，这势必会构建全球技术竞争的新格局。(bound) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 为了确保舞台效果，这群身着中华传统服饰的机器人历时3个月排练，最终以整齐划一的舞步、流畅自如的转手帕技惊四座。(impress) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 25% 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华。学校准备制作一本毕业纪念册，现向所有高三学生征集一张有关自己高中生活的照片，并附上一篇短文，内容包括： 1.对照片内容的描述； 2.选择该照片的理由； 3.对未来的展望。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市实验学校2024学年度第二学期高三英语2月月考 (考试时间：105分钟) 2025年2月19日 考生注意： 1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须写在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。 2．答题前,请在答题纸上粘贴二维码,请用黑色或蓝黑色水笔答题,不得使用修正液涂改。 3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。 4．试卷满分115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Colors Matter: What Bright Clothing Says About the Wearer We all notice bright colors. People who choose to go vibrant, whether they express themselves through clothes or accessories, hear everything from, “No one is going to miss you at the party” to, “I would never have the guts ____1____ (put) that on.” But according to research, those comments may be both accurate and expected. Adam D. Pazda and Christopher A. Thorstenson examined ____2____ we perceive people at first impression who wear bright colors. They specifically examined the effect of chroma — defined as “the colorfulness of an area judged as a proportion of the brightness of a similarly illuminated area that appears white or highly transmitting.” ____3____ practical terms, the quantity of hue (颜色) content or color intensity. They found that targets, both male and female, who ____4____ (wear) or surrounded by high-chroma colors were perceived as more open and extraverted than in a low-chroma setting. They concluded that chroma is a variable (变量) of perception that ____5____ influence first impressions of personality. ____6____ (drill) down further, examining evidence deduced through a meta-analysis across all experiments, they found that high-chroma colors enhanced viewer perspective of openness and extraversion, but not other traits: such as emotional stability, agreeableness, or conscientiousness. These observations are important because some job responsibilities capitalize on some of the traits inferred through bright colors. Pazda and Thorstenson recognize what job seekers no doubt consider ____7____ they look for a career to match their personal disposition (性格)：in some occupations, success is fueled by possessing certain personality traits. They give examples of industries such as sales and marketing as well as customer service as domains ____8____ extraverts thrive. Accordingly, applicants for these positions may be viewed more favorably and judged as more competent if they wear highly chromatic clothing. Regarding the generality of their results, Pazda and Thorstenson note that one of the limitations of their study was their use of participants living in the United States, which means their findings may not predict results in other cultures. They note the possibility that chroma may influence the perception of personality traits differently in non-Western countries, and that high-chroma clothing may be perceived as diverging from social norms in other cultures. The practical takeaway, at least in the United States, appears to be that bright colors, like the peacock’s tail, will get you ____9____ (notice). But depending on your goals, consider ____10____ (tailor) your chroma to the circumstances, personally and professionally. 【答案】1. to put 2. how 3. In 4. were wearing 5. can 6. Drilling 7. as##when 8. where 9. noticed 10. tailoring 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了鲜亮色彩会影响他人对穿着者性格的第一印象。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。​句意：选择走鲜亮风格的人，无论他们是通过服装还是配饰来展现自我，都会听到各种各样的评价，从“派对上没人会注意不到你”到“我可绝对没勇气穿上那身行头”。此处为固定搭配have the guts to do sth.，意为“有胆量做某事”，故需用动词不定式作后置定语。 【2题详解】 考查宾语从句。​句意：Adam D. Pazda和Christopher A. Thorstenson研究了我们对身着鲜艳色彩的人第一印象是如何感知的。空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何”，所以用连接副词how引导该从句。 【3题详解】 考查介词。​句意：用实际术语来说，就是色调内容的含量或颜色强度。此处为固定搭配in practical terms，意为“从实际角度来看”，句首单词首字母大写。 【4题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：无论是男性还是女性，身穿高彩度颜色或被高彩度颜色围绕的目标对象，比在低彩度环境中被认为更加开放和外向。根据主句谓语found可知，从句描述过去的状况；且wear与主语targets构成主动关系，强调当时正穿着的状态，应用过去进行时，be动词用were。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。​ 句意：他们得出结论，彩度是感知的一个变量，能够影响对他人性格的第一印象。根据空后动词原形influence及语境可知，此处表示“能够，可以”，需用情态动词can，表客观可能性。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。​ 句意：进一步深入探究，通过对所有实验的元分析来检验证据，他们发现高彩度颜色增强了观察者对于开放性和外向性的看法，但对其他特质（如情绪稳定性、亲和力和尽责性）则无此效果。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，drill和逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语；且位于句首，首字母需大写。 【7题详解】 考查状语从句。​ 句意：Pazda和Thorstenson认识到了求职者在寻找匹配自身性格的职业时无疑会考虑到的问题：在某些职业中，成功源于具备特定的性格特质。根据空后“they look for a career to match their personal disposition”可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词as或when引导该从句。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。​ 句意：他们举了销售、市场营销以及客户服务等行业的例子，将其作为外向者能够茁壮成长的领域。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词domains，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。​ 句意：至少在美国，实际的结论是，像孔雀的尾巴一样，鲜艳的色彩会让你引人注目。此处为“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，you与notice是被动关系（你被注意到），故需用过去分词作宾补。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。​ 句意：但根据你的目标，考虑根据你的个人和职业环境来调整色彩的彩度。consider doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“考虑做某事”，故需用动名词作宾语。 Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. withstand B. phased C. cousin D. preserve E. grant F. concerning G. combining H. provide I. grave J. crown K. treasured Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when ____11____ memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s ____12____ will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favored sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But it is ____13____ that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous ____14____ to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government ____15____ and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organization “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully ____16____ out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. A consultation with staff and their unions is ongoing. But MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be anxious about the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks such as Dover Castle and Hadrian’s Wall. But these kinds of visits, ____17____ historical education with pleasure have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratize leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the ____18____ of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. English Heritage’s chief executive, Nick Merriman, has only been in post for a year. His aim will be to strengthen the organization by recruiting more members and volunteers. The interest in Tudor England kindled by the BBC’s adaptation of Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall trilogy could ____19____ a boost to monasteries(修道院)and abbeys. But with costs rising, it is not an easy task. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can ____20____ a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 【答案】11. K 12. J 13. F 14. C 15. E 16. B 17. G 18. D 19. H 20. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了英国文化遗产保护机构English Heritage因资金短缺而计划裁员和缩短开放时间，引发公众对文化遗产保护的担忧，并回顾了该机构的历史背景及当前面临的挑战。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些城堡、遗址和其他场所在人们的生活中扮演着重要的角色——尤其是在周末和假期，当珍贵的记忆被创造出来时。空处修饰名词memories，应用形容词，treasured表示“珍贵的，宝贵的”，符合语境，指在假期中创造的珍贵回忆。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：巨石阵和该慈善机构皇冠上的其他珍宝将不会被会计人员动及。空处前有名词所有格charity's，应用名词，crown表示“王冠”，符合语境。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但令人担忧的是，该慈善机构资金如此短缺，可能会削减近200个工作岗位。空处位于系动词is之后，应用形容词作表语，concerning表示“令人担忧的”，符合语境，指资金短缺这一情况令人担忧。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：English Heritage是英国最知名的建筑和景观慈善机构National Trust的一个不太引人注目的表亲。空处前有不定冠词a和形容词less-glamorous，应用名词，cousin表示“表亲”，此处比喻同一领域内规模较小、名气稍逊的同类机构，符合语境。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是戴维·卡梅伦政府决定取消其政府拨款，并将其分拆为一个独立实体的时候。空处前有名词所有格government's，应用名词，grant表示“拨款，补助金”，指政府提供的资金支持，符合语境。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，就在公共资金完全被分阶段取消的几年之后，该慈善机构的工作确实有可能因需要节省开支而受到影响。空处与out构成短语，应用动词的过去分词形式构成被动语态，phased表示“分阶段进行”，phase out为固定短语，意为“逐步淘汰，分阶段取消”，符合语境。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：但这类参观活动，将历史教育与休闲娱乐相结合，历经数十年的酝酿——其根源可追溯到战后通过向购票公众开放原本仅限富裕阶层使用的美丽建筑，来推动休闲活动民主化的运动。空处所在部分为非谓语作定语，与逻辑主语visits之间是主动关系，应用动词的现在分词形式，combining表示“结合”，combining historical education with pleasure意为“将历史教育与愉悦相结合”，符合语境。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。空处前有定冠词the，应用名词，preserve作名词时意为“专属活动/领域”，符合语境，表示“以前只是富人专属的美丽建筑”。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：BBC改编的希拉里·曼特尔的《狼厅》三部曲所激发的对都铎时期英格兰的兴趣，可能会给修道院带来提振。空处前有情态动词could，应用动词原形，provide表示“提供”，provide a boost to意为“给……带来提振/促进”，符合语境。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：已经存续了数百年的城堡能够经受住管理者的命运低谷。空处前有情态动词can，应用动词原形，根据“Castles that have survived for hundreds of years”可知，withstand表示“经受住，承受”，后接a downturn作宾语，意为“经受住经济低迷”，符合语境。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Is there such a thing as a classic? After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people ____21____ Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of its smile, but because of a thief. Until someone stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; shortly after this, viewers ____22____ to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrible, empty space” where the painting had hung. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious ____23____ that endures across the ages. But, as Rochelle Gurstein writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in ____24____ was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. Let’s take other celebrated works of art that, along with the “Mona Lisa,” ____25____ European culture. Until the late 19th century, Michelangelo’s “David” stood in a public square in Florence, where it was exposed to the ____26____ without anything to protect it from wear and tear. He ____27____ more pigeons than people; most art lovers preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers ____28____ the “Venus de Medici,” a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing ____29____; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to depict ____30____ forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by ____31____ classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. But such masterpieces were challenged by “discoveries”. Lord Elgin tried to ____32____ the beautiful marbles that once decorated the Parthenon, but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state. When the marbles went on display in 1807, British visitors did not see the ____33____, clean sculptures they expected. Timeless ideals seemed less impressive in ____34____ with the timeworn marbles, and artists began to feel more distant from the classical tradition. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, created an influential narrative of artistic ____35____ that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century, critic John Ruskin argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. When you see today’s popular contemporary “masterpieces” being sold for millions, you might wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. 21. A. stand by B. look up C. stare at D. pass by 22. A. flooded in B. participated in C. gathered in D. came back 23. A. appeal B. acquaintance C. appreciation D. intention 24. A. sand B. wind C. stone D. sea 25. A. change B. define C. restore D. advocate 26. A. artists B. supervisors C. elements D. radiation 27. A. acquired B. admitted C. attributed D. attracted 28. A. underestimated B. disliked C. anticipated D. admired 29. A. states B. tastes C. standards D. conditions 30. A. different B. similar C. fixed D. ideal 31. A. copying B. admiring C. viewing D. appreciating 32. A. put aside B. fix up C. take down D. mix up 33. A. original B. modern C. flawless D. vivid 34. A. competition B. communication C. association D. comparison 35. A. distribution B. progress C. expression D. impression 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要探讨了“经典”这一概念是否真实存在，通过《蒙娜丽莎》《大卫》《米洛的维纳斯》等艺术品的兴衰历程，论证了经典并非永恒不变，而是受到时代、品味和历史书写的影响。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：每天大约有2万人驻足凝视卢浮宫里列奥纳多·达·芬奇的画作。A. stand by 站在旁边；B. look up 抬头看；C. stare at 凝视；D. pass by 经过。根据上文“the most recognizable female face in the world”可知，人们来到卢浮宫是为了看这幅画，stare at表示“凝视”，强调专注地看，最符合语境。 【22题详解】  考查动词短语。句意：不久之后，观众涌入去看一家法国报纸所说的画作悬挂处那“一个巨大的、可怕的、空荡荡的空间”。A. flooded in 涌入；B. participated in 参加；C. gathered in 聚集；D. came back 回来。根据上文“shortly after this”可知，画作被盗后，大量观众涌入博物馆去看那个空位。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：艺术、文学和音乐的经典作品被认为具有某种持久的永恒魅力。A. appeal 魅力；B. acquaintance 相识；C. appreciation 感激；D. intention 意图。根据下文“that endures across the ages”可知，经典作品被认为具有持久不衰的魅力。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我以为写在石头上的东西，实际上是写在水上的。”她说。A. sand 沙子；B. wind 风；C. stone 石头；D. sea 大海。根据下文“was actually written in water”可知，此处与“water”形成对比，stone表示“石头”，意为“我以为经典是刻在石头上永恒的，实际上是写在水上转瞬即逝的”。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：让我们来看看其他与《蒙娜丽莎》一起定义欧洲文化的著名艺术作品。A. change 改变；B. define 定义；C. restore 恢复；D. advocate 倡导。根据下文“European culture”可知，这些艺术作品在欧洲文化中具有重要地位，define表示“定义”，指这些作品塑造了欧洲文化。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：直到19世纪末，米开朗基罗的《大卫》一直矗立在佛罗伦萨的公共广场上，暴露在自然环境中，没有任何保护措施来防止磨损。A. artists 艺术家；B. supervisors 监督者；C. elements 自然力；D. radiation 辐射。根据下文“without anything to protect it from wear and tear”可知，雕像暴露在自然环境（风雨等）中。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：他吸引的鸽子比人多；大多数艺术爱好者更喜欢这位艺术家在罗马创作的摩西雕像。A. acquired 获得；B. admitted 承认；C. attributed 归因于；D. attracted 吸引。根据下文“more pigeons than people”可知，attract表示“吸引”，雕像吸引的鸽子比参观的人还多。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：在1820年《米洛的维纳斯》被发现之前，观众更欣赏《美第奇的维纳斯》，一尊美丽但不起眼的雕像，如今很少有人知道它。A. underestimated 低估；B. disliked 不喜欢；C. anticipated 预期；D. admired 欣赏。根据下文“a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today”可知，在《米洛的维纳斯》发现之前，观众欣赏的是《美第奇的维纳斯》，体现了经典并非永恒不变。 【29题详解】  考查名词。句意：经典的兴衰不仅仅是品味变化的问题；艺术本身也发生了变化。A. states 状态；B. tastes 品味；C. standards 标准；D. conditions 条件。根据下文“art itself has changed”以及文章结尾关于艺术史改写品味的内容可知，此处指人们的审美品味在变化。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：艺术家过去常常努力描绘理想的美。A. different 不同的；B. similar 相似的；C. fixed 固定的；D. ideal 理想的。根据下文“Genius was the ‘child of imitation’”可知，传统艺术家追求的是符合古典标准的理想美。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：艺术家通过临摹古典杰作来学习，通常是希腊雕塑的罗马复制品。A. copying 临摹；B. admiring 欣赏；C. viewing 观看；D. appreciating 欣赏。根据下文“classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures”可知，艺术家通过临摹古典作品来学习。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：埃尔金勋爵试图修复那些曾经装饰帕特农神庙的美丽大理石雕塑，但修复者拒绝了，并坚持让它们保持旧的、磨损的状态。A. put aside 搁置；B. fix up 修复；C. take down 取下；D. mix up 混淆。根据下文“but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state”可知，埃尔金勋爵想修复这些雕塑，但修复者反对。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当这些大理石雕塑在1807年展出时，英国游客看到的并不是他们所期望的完美无瑕的洁净雕塑。A. original 原始的；B. modern 现代的；C. flawless 完美无瑕的；D. vivid 生动的。根据上文“they were left in their old, worn-out state”和下文“clean sculptures they expected”可知，雕塑保持旧的、磨损的状态展出，游客没有看到所期望的完好无损、完美无瑕的雕塑。 【34题详解】 考查名词。 句意：与历经沧桑的大理石雕塑相比，永恒的经典理想显得不那么令人印象深刻。A. competition 竞争；B. communication 交流；C. association 联系；D. comparison 比较。根据上文“seemed less impressive in ______ with the timeworn marbles”可知，此处为固定搭配in comparison with，意为“与……相比”。 【35题详解】 考查名词。 句意：在16世纪，意大利画家乔治·瓦萨里创造了一个有影响力的艺术进步叙事，以拉斐尔和米开朗基罗的现实主义为终点。A. distribution 分配；B. progress 进步；C. expression 表达；D. impression 印象。根据下文“that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo”可知，瓦萨里将艺术史描绘为向现实主义“进步”的过程。 Section B 22% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I was the ultimate day care kid — I never left. From before I could walk to the start of middle school, Kimmy’s day care was my second home. While my classmates went home with stay-at-home moms, I traveled to the town next door where the houses are smaller. At school, I stuck out. I was one of the few brown kids. Both of my parents worked full time. We didn’t spend money on tutors when I got a poor test score. I’d never owned a pair of Lululemon leggings, and my mom was not expert in the art of yoga. At school, I was a blade of green grass in a California lawn, but at day care, I blended in. The kids ranged from infants to toddlers and I was the oldest. As an only child, this was my window into a sibling relationship — well, seven sibling relationships. I played with them till we dropped, held them when they cried, got annoyed when they took my things. And the kids did the same for me. Kimmy called herself “the substitute mother,” but she never gave herself enough credit. She listened while I gushed about my day, held me when I had a fever and came running when I fell out of the tree. From her, I learned to feed a baby a bottle, and recognize when a child was about to walk. I saw dozens of first steps, heard hundreds of first words, celebrated countless birthdays. Most importantly, I learned to let the bottle go when the baby could feed herself. And I collected all the firsts, memories and stories of each kid, spinning elaborate tales to the parents at the end of the day. I was the memory keeper, each page titled with a child’s name and the moments I was afraid they wouldn’t remember. I don’t go to day care anymore. When I look back, I see Kimmy and my seven “siblings.” I see the beginnings of lives, and a place that quietly shapes the children who run across the lawn below. The baby stares curiously up at me from the patio (露台), bouncing in her seat. She will be walking soon, Kimmy says. As will I. 36. Which of the following is NOT true about the author? A. She felt that she did not belong when she was at school. B. Her family didn’t have much spare money for small luxuries. C. She was born to a poor family from an ethnic background. D. She wanted to have a sibling who could take care of her. 37. In the last paragraph, what does the author mean by “As will I”? A. I will be walking away from day care. B. I will be growing up as the baby is. C. I will go visiting them in the future. D. I will keep day care days in mind. 38. Why does the author say that “I was the ultimate day care kid — I never left”? A. She was unwilling to move on to a new life. B. She kept all the precious memories there. C. She was by far the oldest child at day care. D. She was the last kid to leave day care. 39. The author gave Kimmy credit for all the things EXCEPT __________. A. Kimmy’s patience and concern in her care B. her leading by example in looking after kids C. substituting for her mother in her upbringing D. teaching the author her philosophy of childcare 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者长期在托管中心成长，收获温暖与成长、珍藏美好回忆。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At school, I stuck out.(在学校里，我显得格格不入。)”可知，作者觉得自己格格不入，在学校没有归属感，A项正确；根据第三段中“We didn’t spend money on tutors when I got a poor test score. I’d never owned a pair of Lululemon leggings, and my mom was not expert in the art of yoga.(我考试失利时家里不会请家教，我从未拥有过名牌运动裤，妈妈也不懂瑜伽。)”可知，作者家庭不富裕，无力承担奢侈消费，B项、C项正确；根据第四段中“As an only child, this was my window into a sibling relationship — well, seven sibling relationships.(作为独生女，这里让我体验到兄弟姐妹般的相处模式。)”可知，作者只是体验手足情谊，并非想要兄弟姐妹照顾自己。 错误。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“The baby stares curiously up at me from the patio (露台), bouncing in her seat. She will be walking soon, Kimmy says. As will I.(婴儿在露台上好奇地抬头看着我，在她的座位上蹦跳着。金米说她很快就要会走路了。我也一样。)”可知，小宝宝在成长、学会新本领，作者也在不断成长蜕变。因此这句话指作者会像婴儿一样不断长大、蜕变。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“And I collected all the firsts, memories and stories of each kid, spinning elaborate tales to the parents at the end of the day. I was the memory keeper, each page titled with a child’s name and the moments I was afraid they wouldn’t remember.(我收集了每个孩子的所有第一次、记忆和故事，在一天结束时向家长们编织出详尽的故事。我是记忆的守护者，每一页都以孩子的名字命名，记录着那些我怕他们会忘记的时刻。)”可知，作者称自己是终极托管孩子、从未离开，是因为她珍藏着这里所有珍贵回忆，精神从未离去。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Kimmy called herself “the substitute mother,” but she never gave herself enough credit.(金米自称是“代理妈妈”，但她低估了自己的付出。)”可知，是金米自己称自己为代理妈妈，并非作者认可她替代了自己母亲的养育角色，因此C项不属于作者认可金米的付出。 (B) INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck What’s in it for me? If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup.merckgroup.com Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck. 40. Who can apply to participate in the event? A. High school students interested in life science. B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics. C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance. D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs. 41. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation. B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition C. To promote the Merck company around the world. D. To inform alumni of an important conference. 42. Which of the following is true about the event? A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food. B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations. C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes. D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months. 【答案】40. D 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年创新杯的相关内容，包括比赛的参与人员、涉及领域等。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Who can apply”部分中的“Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering.(科学：攻读生物学、医学、生物技术、生物信息学、数据科学、生物化学、化学、药学、物理学或工程学博士学位的研究生。)”可知选项D“Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs.(专门研究新药的优秀学生。)”符合报名条件，故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了2022年创新杯的相关信息，包括该比赛的好处、报名的方式和条件等，由此可推断，文章主要是为了吸引人才参加创新杯比赛。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“How it works”部分中的“The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up.(参与者将被分成小组，共同制定商业计划，并将其提交给大陪审团，大陪审团将授予最佳计划默克创新杯，以及20,000欧元的现金奖励和亚军5,000欧元的奖金。)”可知，该比赛的冠军和亚军将被给予先进奖励。故选C。 (C) “It’s free and always will be,” Facebook promised on its landing page for nearly a decade. The world’s largest social network still is. But from this week its users and those of its sister app, Instagram, will have the option of paying $11.99 a month for a “verified (经核实的)” account, buying them better customer service and more widely distributed posts. The subscription is the latest example of a growing trend. Last June Snapchat, a messaging app popular among 20-somethings, launched a $3.99 plan called Snapchat+. In December Twitter relaunched Twitter Blue, an $8-per-month service. Like Facebook’s offering, both offer extra services, the most significant being a higher visibility of the user’s posts in others’ feeds. It is hardly surprising that ad-supported networks are looking to diversify their sources of income. After years of non-stop growth the online-advertising business has hit a speed bump. The great one-off shift of ad budgets from online locations, like newspapers, to the web is mostly complete. The results have been painful. Meta, Facebook’s parent company, has reported falling profit in each of the past three quarters. Snap, which owns Snapchat, has lost nearly 90% of its market value in the same period. Subscriptions are no substitute for ads. Snap said that 2.5 million people had signed up to Snapchat+, less than 1% of its app’s 375 million daily users. That implies annual subscription sales of no more than $120 million, or less than 3% of Snap’s total income last year. Though Twitter has not said how many have joined, a recent leak put the figure at below 300,000. To the extent that social networks employ subscription it will mean a windfall for the mobile platforms that host their apps. Google, which runs the Android operating system, and Apple, which runs iOS, make no money from apps’ advertising, but take a cut of consumers’ in-app purchases, including subscriptions. Having blocked the mobile ad business with new privacy rules, Apple and Google stand to profit from the resulting move to subscriptions. There may be a sting in the tail. While Meta’s new service costs $11.99 for those signing up or the web, the price if paying through the app is $14.99. Similarly, Mr Musk, who has called Apple’s fees “a 30% tax on the Internet”, charges $8 for Twitter Blue online and $11 in the app. Such pricing has proved controversial, with Apple blocking apps such as Fortnite, a video game which told users they could pay less in a browser. But as more large companies adopt differential pricing, consumers may learn that they can get a big discount by signing up outside Apple and Google’s ecosystems. 43. What trend is described in the first two paragraphs? A. Social media platforms start to increase their subscription fees. B. Social media platforms are losing their appeal to young people. C. Social media platforms start to offer paid subscription services. D. Social media platforms are making efforts to maintain their users. 44. Why do social networks need to have more sources of income? A. Their market value has just started to rise. B. Ad budgets are returning to offline locations. C. Ad companies are giving up online platforms. D. Their online advertising business is slowing down. 45. The statistics in paragraph 4 are intended to ________. A. suggest a more feasible substitute for online advertising B. show that the contribution from the subscriptions is limited C. criticize social media platforms for their misleading information D. imply that there is no need to provide extra services for paying users 46. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Consumers can apply for a discount if they subscribe in apps. B. The mobile platforms may well benefit from the subscription plans. C. New privacy rules will impact negatively on the subscription services. D. Differential pricing will become a thing of the past due to consumers’ opposition. 【答案】43. C 44. D 45. B 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讨论了社交媒体平台开始提供付费订阅服务这一趋势。由于在线广告业务增长放缓，像 Facebook、Snapchat和Twitter这样的社交媒体平台纷纷推出付费订阅服务以增加收入来源。同时，文章通过数据表明目前订阅服务的贡献有限，并指出移动平台可能会从这些订阅计划中受益。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The world’s largest social network still is. But from this week its users and those of its sister app, Instagram, will have the option of paying $11.99 a month for a “verified (经核实的)” account, buying them better customer service and more widely distributed posts. (世界上最大的社交网络仍然是如此。但从本周开始，其用户以及其姊妹应用 Instagram 的用户将可以选择每月支付11.99美元获得一个“经核实的”账户，这将为他们带来更好的客户服务以及更广泛传播的帖子。)”及第二段中“Last June Snapchat, a messaging app popular among 20-somethings, launched a $3.99 plan called Snapchat+. In December Twitter relaunched Twitter Blue, an $8-per-month service. (去年六月，在二十几岁人群中很受欢迎的即时通讯应用Snapchat 推出了一项3.99美元的计划，名为Snapchat+。去年十二月，推特重新推出了推特蓝，这是一项每月8美元的服务。)”可知，前两段描述了社交媒体平台开始提供付费订阅服务。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“After years of non-stop growth the online-advertising business has hit a speed bump. The great one-off shift of ad budgets from online locations, like newspapers, to the web is mostly complete. The results have been painful. Meta, Facebook’s parent company, has reported falling profit in each of the past three quarters. Snap, which owns Snapchat, has lost nearly 90% of its market value in the same period. (经过多年的持续增长，在线广告业务遭遇了减速带。广告预算从报纸等在线平台一次性大规模转移到网络的进程基本完成。结果令人痛苦。Meta（脸书的母公司）在过去三个季度中每个季度都报告利润下降。拥有Snapchat的Snap在同一时期市值缩水近90%。)”可知，社交网络的在线广告业务正在放缓，所以他们需要有更多的收入来源。故选D项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Subscriptions are no substitute for ads. Snap said that 2.5 million people had signed up to Snapchat+, less than 1% of its app’s 375 million daily users. That implies annual subscription sales of no more than $120 million, or less than 3% of Snap’s total income last year. Though Twitter has not said how many have joined, a recent leak put the figure at below 300,000. (订阅无法替代广告。Snap表示，有250万人注册了Snapchat+，这还不到其应用程序3.75亿日活跃用户的1%。这意味着年订阅销售额不超过1.2亿美元，还不到Snap去年总收入的3%。尽管推特没有透露有多少人加入，但最近的一次泄密显示这个数字低于30万。)”可知，这些统计数据表明，与公司的总收入相比，订阅服务的贡献是有限的，故选B项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Google, which runs the Android operating system, and Apple, which runs iOS, make no money from apps’ advertising, but take a cut of consumers’ in-app purchases, including subscriptions. Having blocked the mobile ad business with new privacy rules, Apple and Google stand to profit from the resulting move to subscriptions. (运行安卓（Android）操作系统的谷歌（Google）和运行iOS操作系统的苹果（Apple）并不从应用广告中获利，而是从消费者的应用内购买（包括订阅）中抽成。在用新的隐私规则阻止移动广告业务之后，苹果和谷歌将从由此产生的订阅业务中获利。)”可知，移动平台可能会从社交网络的订阅计划中受益，因为他们通过应用内购买收取分成。故选B项。 Section C 8% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. ____47____ Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.  Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. _____48_____ Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower. As long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.  In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.  _____49_____ Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. ____50____ While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.” A. The capacity to hold and manipulate information in the short-term declines. B. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. C. In reality, education does an aging brain good. D. By sustained learning, late-in-life learners can experience improvements in memory recall and attention span. E. A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. F. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume. 【答案】47. C 48. F 49. E 50. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了研究表明大脑终身具有可塑性，晚年持续学习与接受新挑战有助于保持大脑活力与认知功能。 【47题详解】 由上文“However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible.(然而，越来越多的研究表明晚年学习是可能的。)”及下文“Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves.(人的一生中，大脑会不断地自我更新。)”可知，上文提出晚年学习是可能的这一观点，下文具体解释大脑如何实现这一点，本空应进一步强调晚年学习的积极效果。C选项“事实上，教育对衰老的大脑有益。”能承上启下，引出下文对大脑自我更新能力的阐述，符合语境。 【48题详解】 由上文“Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time.(当然，这并不意味着大脑不受时间的影响。)”及下文“Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s.(人类从40多岁开始，每十年失去约4%。)”可知，上文提到大脑也会受到时间影响，下文具体说明大脑体积的减少，本空应引出大脑随时间发生的具体变化。F选项“就像身高通常会随着年龄增长而下降一样，大脑体积也是如此。”中的“brain volume”与下文“lose about 4 percent”相呼应，能承上启下，符合语境。 【49题详解】 由下文“Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease.(关于接受新挑战的老年人的研究表明，他们的功能和记忆力得到改善，患精神疾病的风险也降低了。)”可知，下文说明接受新挑战的益处，本空应总起说明新体验对脑力的促进作用。E选项“对新生活挑战的渴望可以进一步增强脑力。”能引出下文，符合语境。 【50题详解】 由上文“Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests.(开放性——一种以好奇心和求知欲为特征的特质——也可能帮助人们通过大脑测试。)”及下文“While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain.(虽然基因会让人对尝试新事物产生兴趣，但《Psychology and Aging》期刊 2012 年的一项研究发现，完成解谜、数字游戏等推理类任务，能够增强人们对新奇体验的渴望，进而活化大脑。)”可知，上文提到开放性特质的作用，下文说明即使基因不占优势也可以通过训练提升这种渴望，本空应说明基因并非决定性因素。B选项“有些人天生就有这种接纳世界的态度，而那些基因天赋没那么好的人也未必运气不佳。”能承上启下，符合语境。 III．Summary 10% 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Behind the screen A student named Alex created a fake Instagram account and posted a photo of a classmate, Sam, with a cruel tag making fun of Sam’s appearance. Alex also started a group chat where they shared more unflattering photos of Sam and encouraged others to join in. Alex’s actions can be categorized as a form of cyberbullying, a widespread phenomenon in the digital age. Bullies typically bully a person by means of instant messaging or social media. It can take many forms, such as spreading rumors, sharing embarrassing photos or videos, and using hurtful language to attack someone online. Unlike traditional bullying, which is often limited to specific locations like schools or neighborhoods, cyberbullying can occur whether the bully is on vacation or on business, as long as the bully has access to a device connected to the Internet. Bullies engage in invasive behavior because they can hide behind fake profiles. They can separate their online actions from their offline identity, reducing their sense of responsibility. Additionally, sitting at the other end of the screen means bullies do not see the immediate emotional impact of their actions. Individuals are less likely to feel empathy and may fail to recognize how destructive their behavior is. The everlasting online content means that harmful messages or images can remain accessible indefinitely. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. Victims may even experience social disconnection, as they might feel too ashamed or scared to seek help or interact with others, including teachers and parents. Addressing cyberbullying requires a comprehensive approach. Parents need to educate children about the dangers of online behavior and the importance of empathy and respect. Social media platforms also have a responsibility to monitor and remove harmful content, as well as to provide support for victims. By doing this, we can work towards reducing the prevalence of cyberbullying and creating a safer online environment for everyone. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Cyberbullying, a common phenomenon involving the use of electronic communication to bully a person, can occur at any time and place. The anonymity the Internet provides and the lack of face-to-face interaction caused aggressive behavior. Permanent online content can cause distressing emotions and even social isolation. Parental education and the regulation of social media platforms can help reduce cyberbullying. (59) 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了网络欺凌的定义、特点、原因、危害及应对措施。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Alex’s actions can be categorized as a form of cyberbullying, a widespread phenomenon in the digital age. Unlike traditional bullying, which is often limited to specific locations like schools or neighborhoods, cyberbullying can occur whether the bully is on vacation or on business, as long as the bully has access to a device connected to the Internet. ②Bullies engage in invasive behavior because they can hide behind fake profiles. They can separate their online actions from their offline identity, reducing their sense of responsibility. Additionally, sitting at the other end of the screen means bullies do not see the immediate emotional impact of their actions. ③The everlasting online content means that harmful messages or images can remain accessible indefinitely. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. Victims may even experience social disconnection, as they might feel too ashamed or scared to seek help or interact with others, including teachers and parents. ④Parents need to educate children about the dangers of online behavior and the importance of empathy and respect. Social media platforms also have a responsibility to monitor and remove harmful content, as well as to provide support for victims. By doing this, we can work towards reducing the prevalence of cyberbullying and creating a safer online environment for everyone. 2.缜密构思 将第①、②、③个要点分别说明网络欺凌的发生特点、原因和危害，再用第④个要点总结应对措施。 3.遣词造句 Cyberbullying, a common phenomenon involving the use of electronic communication to bully a person, can occur at any time and place. The anonymity the Internet provides and the lack of face-to-face interaction caused aggressive behavior. Permanent online content can cause distressing emotions and even social isolation. Parental education and the regulation of social media platforms can help reduce cyberbullying. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Cyberbullying, a common phenomenon involving the use of electronic communication to bully a person, can occur at any time and place. (运用了现在分词短语作后置定语，使表达更形象) 【高分句型2】The anonymity the Internet provides and the lack of face-to-face interaction caused aggressive behavior. (运用了省略引导词that/which的定语从句，表达严谨) IV. Translation 15% (3+3+4+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这部老少咸宜的国产动画片有可能问鼎全球电影票房冠军吗?(it) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Is it possible for this family-friendly Chinese animated film to become the global box office champion? 【解析】 【详解】表达“某事有可能……”，常用句型It is possible for sb./sth. to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to do sth.，此处为一般疑问句，将助动词Is置于句首；“老少咸宜的”译为family-friendly，“国产的”译为Chinese，“动画片”译为animated film，整体为this family-friendly Chinese animated film；“问鼎冠军”译为become the champion，“全球电影票房”译为the global box office，不定式为to become the global box office champion。 53. 今年二月，亚冬会在东北举行，那里得天独厚的冰雪资源为赛事提供了完美的条件。(whose) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This February/In February this year, the Asian Winter Games were held in Northeast China, whose unique ice and snow resources provided perfect conditions for the event. 【解析】 【详解】“今年二月”可译为this February或in February this year，作时间状语；“亚冬会”可译为the Asian Winter Games，作主语；“举行”用动词hold，在句中作谓语，该动词和主语之间为被动关系，事件发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，所以“在东北举行”可译为were held in Northeast China；用whose引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Northeast China，在从句中作定语，“得天独厚的冰雪资源”译为unique ice and snow resources，“为赛事提供了完美的条件”可译为provided perfect conditions for the event，其中“赛事”用the event指代前文提到的亚冬会，整个定语从句陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。 54. DeepSeek的横空出世标志着人工智能领域迎来了一个全新的突破，这势必会构建全球技术竞争的新格局。(bound) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The (sudden) emergence/advent of DeepSeek marks a brand-new/groundbreaking breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence, which is bound to form a new landscape of global technological competition. 【解析】 【详解】根据中文提示可知，表示“DeepSeek的横空出世”可用The (sudden) emergence/advent of DeepSeek，作句子主语；表示“标志着”用marks，一般现在时作谓语，表客观情况；表示“（在）人工智能领域”应用in the field of artificial intelligence，作后置定语；表示“全新的突破”应用a brand-new/groundbreaking breakthrough，作宾语；这里用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事；表示“势必”应用is bound to，固定搭配be bound to do，表示“一定、注定”；表示“构建”应用form；表示“全球技术竞争的新格局”应用a new landscape of global technological competition。 55. 为了确保舞台效果，这群身着中华传统服饰的机器人历时3个月排练，最终以整齐划一的舞步、流畅自如的转手帕技惊四座。(impress) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To ensure the stage effect, this group of robots dressed in traditional Chinese costume (has) practiced/rehearsed for three months and finally impressed the audience with their synchronized/uniform/well-coordinated dance steps and smooth handkerchief twirling/spinning skills. 【解析】 【详解】表示“为了确保舞台效果”用不定式短语To ensure the stage effect，作目的状语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“这群身着中华传统服饰的机器人”用this group of robots dressed in traditional Chinese costume，作主语。表示“历时3个月排练”用practiced/rehearsed for three months，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；或强调对现在的影响，可用现在完成时，谓语用(has) practiced/rehearsed。表示“用某物给某人留下深刻印象”用impress sb. with sth.，表示“最终以整齐划一的舞步、流畅自如的转手帕技惊四座”用and impressed the audience with their synchronized/uniform/well-coordinated dance steps and smooth handkerchief twirling/spinning skills，其中impressed为并列谓语。 V. Guided Writing 25% 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华。学校准备制作一本毕业纪念册，现向所有高三学生征集一张有关自己高中生活的照片，并附上一篇短文，内容包括： 1.对照片内容的描述； 2.选择该照片的理由； 3.对未来的展望。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Moment That Ignites the Spirit of Teamwork I’m Li Hua, and I’d like to share a photo taken on the school sports day last year. In the picture, my classmates and I are cheering for our relay team members, who are running fiercely on the track with sweat on their faces. I chose this photo because it reminds me of the power of teamwork. When our relay team fell behind, none of us gave up. We shouted loudly to encourage each other, and finally, we won the third place. This experience taught me that success comes from trust and support, which I’ll never forget. Looking ahead, I hope to carry this spirit into university. I believe I can overcome challenges by working with others, just as we did in high school. Whether in study groups or club activities, I’ll always value every partnership. I’m excited about the new journey and ready to create more meaningful memories. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为高三学生李华，为学校毕业纪念册提供一张高中生活照片并附上短文，描述照片内容、选择理由及对未来的展望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 使想起：remind → recall 鼓励：encourage→ inspire 克服：overcome → conquer 激动的：excited → thrilled 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m Li Hua, and I’d like to share a photo taken on the school sports day last year. 拓展句：I’m Li Hua, and I’d like to share a photo which was taken on the school sports day last year. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In the picture, my classmates and I are cheering for our relay team members, who are running fiercely on the track with sweat on their faces.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】This experience taught me that success comes from trust and support, which I’ll never forget.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $