精品解析：上海市实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月考月考英语试卷

上海市实验学校高三月考英语试卷（2025. 10） （考试时间：105分钟） 考生注意： 1. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 2. 答题前，请在答题纸上粘贴二维码，请用黑色或蓝黑色水笔答题，不得使用修正液涂改。 3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。 4. 试卷满分115分。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It's Saturday morning at Sydney's Manly beach and nearly 100 people are bending over piles of litter, sorting them into coloured bags. A judge blows his whistle and calls: “Two minutes!” as a team debates ____1____ a discarded tennis racket (网球拍) is “heavy waste” — risking a 100-point penalty if they guess wrong. This is Australia's World Cup qualifier for Spogomi, a game invented in Japan in 2008 by Kenichi Mamitsuka under the slogan “Trash pickup is a sport!” ____2____ (make) rubbish collection more engaging and raise awareness about waste. The name combines the English word “sport” with gomi, ____3____ Japanese word for rubbish. The victor will win a trip to Tokyo to compete against about 20 countries including the US, the UK and China for the Spogomi World Cup 2025. ____4____ only discovering the sport a week before, I was part of a team of three, among the 30 taking part in Australia's qualifier. Teams had an hour to pick up rubbish within a designated area. The types of rubbish ____5____ (collect), and their weight, earn certain points. Some heavy items-such as prams or tyres — are banned and attract a penalty. Participants are allowed to walk quickly but not run, and must stay within 10 metres of their team members. Rule breaches lead to a yellow or red card-then elimination. At the end, teams have 20 minutes to sort items into bags ____6____ points are counted. This is only the second year that Spogomi qualifiers ____7____ (hold) in Australia but in Japan, where almost 50 regions take part in the qualifiers, the sport is hugely popular. The first World Cup in 2023 was broadcast on several television stations and attended by members of Japan's ministry of sport. Australia's spogomi founder, Jason Partington, ____8____ took Australia's winners to Tokyo, says the sport is “only going to get bigger” here. “It was crazy,” he says of the 2023 event. “It was like being in the Olympics . . . it was incredible.” To Partington, ____9____ is dressed up as a fun event is about raising environmental awareness. “We know 80% of litter that ends up in the ocean comes from the land, so the more we can get people aware ____10____ instead of walking past rubbish, you should pick it up, the better,” he said. “There will be hundreds of kilograms of stuff that we've collected today.” Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. right B. flame C. saw D. sound E. eagerly F. lifted G. discipline H. tournament I. sights J. manly K. mirrored In the grassland of the Xi Ujimchin Banner of the Xiliin Gol League, North China’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region, 37-year-old herder Urbuusan and his 12-year-old son Degjiin grab each other’s shoulders. Both try to get their opponent’s arm and leg ____11____ to dislodge him. The silent challenge constitutes their daily training as Mongolian wrestlers. Meaning durability, Bokh, or Mongolian wrestling, is more than just a sport; it also symbolizes strength, perseverance and honor. Deeply rooted in the nomadic way of life and as a cultural practice that reflects the region’s history, values and spirit, it is one of the “Three ____12____ skills” of the Mongolian ethnic group, alongside horse racing and archery. Urbuusan’s own journey in the traditional sport spans two decades, his strength and skill earning him more than 10 titles in various competitions. The rhythm of the grassland and the spirit of the sport flow in his veins. It is a legacy that Degjiin, who watches his father’s triumphs with wide eyes, has ____13____ embraced. Since he was six years old, the boy has ____14____ his father’s movements, his small frame learning the intricate grips and explosive throws. Now, he stands not just as a son, but as a young wrestler in his own ____15____. Urbuusan nurtured this ____16____. Since Degjiin’s eighth birthday, he has guided his son onto competitive mats across the region. Back home, the tangible results of Degjiin’s dedication shimmer (闪烁) — a whole wall is adorned with shining medals, each a testament of grit and growth. Last year’s triumph in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, ____17____ Degjiin win gold in an event that drew 255 wrestlers. Besides a gold medal, he was also awarded with a white horse after the regional youth Bokh ____18____. Now a fifth-grader at primary school, daily practice with his father is a cherished luxury. Yet, Degjiin’s passion burns undimmed. He has joined the school’s Bokh club, improving his techniques, and his ____19____ set firmly on the upcoming traditional sports games. The dream of stepping onto a larger competitive stage fuels his _____20_____. “Whenever dad is home I can’t wait to get out here and train with him,” Degjiin says. The proud father adds: “Degjiin wants to become a famous Mongolian wrestler. I’ll keep wrestling with him, as long as he’s happy.” II. Reading Comprehension 45% Section A15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Should you go for a ride-hailing upgrade, or pay extra for legroom on a long flight? For many, such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve. A new financial guideline promises ____21____. It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0.01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it. Someone with assets (资产)worth $500, 000, for instance, can spend $50 without ____22____. The principle was coined by Nick Maggiulli, a writer and investment manager, and outlined in his recent book The Wealth Ladder. Since then, it has migrated into personal-finance podcasts and online forums, where it has attracted admirers and ____23____ alike. Personal finance is no stranger to numeric rules. The 50/30/20 rule advises households to devote half their budget to needs, 30% to wants, and the rest to savings. The 4% rule offers retirees a supposedly safe annual drawdown (动用资金)from their nest egg. Mr. Maggiulli's contribution is different. It is not a ____24____ plan but a yardstick for moments of hesitation — a quick test to distinguish trivial sums from ____25____ ones. The idea was sparked by a(n) ____26____ source. A line from Jay-Z asked: “What's 50 grand to a fellow like me?” Mr. Maggiulli calculated that at the time it represented roughly 0. 01% of the rapper's fortune. The figure, he realized, ____27____ even for non-billionaires. It mirrors the assumption that assets will compound at just under 4% a year, or 0.01% a day. ____28____ that share of wealth does not eat away at capital. Like any rule of thumb, the rule has limits. Apply it too liberally and “____29____ yourself” purchases can accumulate into something rather less trivial. Mr. Maggiulli advises restraint: once or twice a week, not daily. Used sensibly, it can justify ____30____ luxuries without opening the door to extravagance (铺张浪费). Financial planners see the main value of the rule not for the impecunious — who know all too well what they cannot ____31____ — but for the well-off. Neela Hummel, head of Abacus Wealth Partners, notes that clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund. Wealth rarely erases ____32____; habits formed decades earlier stay. The ____33____ are obvious. Optimistic valuations of one’s home can push up the benchmark. Successive applications can justify ever-pricier upgrades. And focusing on minor expenses may ____34____ you from larger questions about saving, investing and retirement. The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning. Even so, its popularity reveals something important. In a world full of money advice, many people do not need another formula for building wealth. What they desire is a way to ____35____ spending it. In this respect, Mr. Maggiulli’s rule offers something rare: a rational excuse for your choice. 21. A. autonomy B. reward C. intervention D. relief 22. A. budgeting B. consideration C. guilt D. restrictions 23. A. advocates B. doubters C. onlookers D. followers 24 A. far-reaching B. state-of-art C. low-profile D. long-term 25. A. agreed B. fixed C. serious D. subsequent 26. A. independent B. informed C. literary D. unlikely 27. A. rises B. works C. drops D. backfires 28. A. Possessing B. Spending C. Saving D. Generating 29. A. liberate B. treat C. apply D. choke 30. A. modest B. ultimate C. unnecessary D. pure 31. A. afford B. sacrifice C. earn D. boost 32. A. bonus B. economy C. incompetence D. odds 33. A. contradictions B. hazards C. upsides D. distinctions 34. A. distract B. spare C. withdraw D. defend 35. A. steer away from B. plan ahead for C. take delight in D. make peace with Section B 22% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） There is growing evidence that simple, everyday changes can physically alter our brains. As a science journalist fascinated by the mind, I decided to investigate — starting with a brain scan. Lying in the maw of a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(fMRI) machine, my first thought was, “It’s surprisingly hard to think of nothing at all.” I was told to focus on a black cross, but the hypnotic hum of the scanner made it difficult to keep my eyes open. I worried that drifting off would skew the resulting images of my brain, which were taken before I embarked on a six-week brain-altering course. My goal was to discover if we can actively influence meaningful brain change I wanted to see if altering my daily life could strengthen crucial neural connections and improve my mental health. This concept is known as neuroplasticity — the brain’s incredible ability to adapt and change in both structure and function over time. It was once thought to be limited to youth, but we now know it’s a constant force that shapes who we are. Every time we learn a new skill, our brain physically adapts. Neuroscientists are finding that we have some power to control this process. With the help of Professor Thorsten Barnhofer, a clinical psychologist from the University of Surrey, I set out to test this. He is currently studying the effects of managing stress and difficult emotions, particularly on people with severe depression. I was surprised that something as simple as mindfulness could be so crucial for brain health. Research shows it enhances cognitive functions, improves attention, relieves pain, and reduces stress. Studies indicate that just a few months of mindfulness training can ease certain depression and anxiety symptoms, though individual results vary. More importantly, mindfulness can physically change the brain. Barnhofer explained that when the stress hormone cortisol remains high, “it can become toxic for your brain.” Stress directly inhibits neuroplasticity, so managing it helps the brain remain plastic. But would it work for me? Over six weeks, I followed a modified mindfulness course. For 30 minutes daily, I practiced guided meditation. I also had a weekly Zoom session with Barnhofer. My instructions were to be fully aware of the present moment — to notice where my thoughts wandered and what occupied my mind. He encouraged me to be mindful in daily activities like cooking or running, to focus completely on the moment, and to gently bring my mind back when it wandered. 36. According to Professor Barnhofer, why is managing stress important for neuroplasticity? A. Because stress helps the brain adapt to new challenges. B. Because high levels of cortisol may damage the brain and inhibit change. C. Because stress accelerates the learning of new skills. D. Because cortisol is necessary for maintaining cognitive functions. 37. The word “skew” in paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A. establish B. distort C. delay D. confirm 38. Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the author’s personal experience? A. She received guidance from a professor throughout her six-week practice. B. The initial brain scan(fMRI) was conducted after she completed the mindfulness course. C. She was certain that the mindfulness training would yield positive results for her. D. Her daily meditation practice lasted for approximately one hour. 39. What does the author aim to achieve by sharing her personal experiment and the scientific explanations in the article? A. To provide a step-by-step guide to practicing mindfulness meditation. B. To argue that fMRI technology is essential for improving mental health. C. To present neuroplasticity as a controllable process through personal effort. D. To detail Professor Barnhofer’s research on cortisol and depression. （B） Academic Integrity &Academic Misconduct The College of Education at the University of Washington, and the field of education as a whole, maintains rigorous expectations for academic integrity. Upholding strong academic integrity is vital for the credibility of our profession and aligns with the College’s vision to transform inequitable systems of education. The College’s own Academic Integrity Policy, consistent with the broader UW Student Conduct Code, outlines specific expectations, roles, and procedures for its students and faculty. Common Forms of Academic Misconduct While many forms exist, plagiarism and cheating are the two most common. ●Plagiarism, as defined by the UW Student Conduct Code, involves presenting someone else’s work or ideas without attribution (归属). This includes using another person’s published or unpublished work, whether through direct quotation or paraphrase, without clear acknowledgment. It also covers using materials prepared by another person or acquired from commercial sources. ●Cheating is any unauthorized action intended to secure an unfair academic advantage. This includes using unauthorized assistance on exams or assignments; acquiring, using, or distributing another student’s unpublished work without permission; using unauthorized online sources like solution manuals; or having someone else complete coursework on your behalf. ●Other misconduct outlined in the code includes falsification, unauthorized collaboration, deliberately damaging another’s work, and unauthorized recording of instructional content. Preventing Academic Misconduct Clear communication is essential for prevention. Instructors should begin by establishing explicit guidelines in the syllabus. It is recommended to use the College’s Academic Integrity Statement and to restate expectations before the first assignment regarding citations, collaboration, and original work. Students should also be informed of the consequences of misconduct. The UW Office of Community Standards and Student Conduct provides numerous tips for prevention, covering areas such as AI tools, in-class exams, homework, written assignments, and final projects. Furthermore, UW Libraries offers Strategies for Assignment Design to help instructors minimize opportunities for plagiarism. A video titled Preventing Academic Misconduct, produced for College of Education students, is a resource that can be linked from your syllabus or Canvas course site(s). 40. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic of plagiarism but NOT of cheating? A. Using unauthorized assistance on an exam. B. Distributing another student’s unpublished work without permission. C. Presenting a paraphrased idea from a published book without citation. D. Having someone else complete an assignment for you. 41. The author presents the “Strategies for Assignment Design” primarily as a measure that ________. A. transfers the burden of maintaining integrity from students to instructors B. addresses potential motivations for misconduct at their root C. simplifies the process of grading complex student projects D. ensures all assignments are equally challenging and engaging 42. The passage connects the College’s vision to “transform inequitable systems” with the maintenance of academic integrity in order to ________. A. highlight that academic misconduct is primarily a social justice issue B. establish the most profound reason for why integrity matters C. explain how integrity relates to broader educational goals D. suggest that integrity policies contribute to addressing systemic inequity （C） As artificial intelligence rapidly transforms society, researchers like David Luxton, PhD, describe it as a “super-disruptive technology” with potential for both profound harm and significant benefit. At CES 2024, Luxton highlighted concerns ranging from job displacement to algorithmic bias, where discriminatory data patterns can produce systematic errors and intensify social inequalities. Psychologist Rhoda Au, PhD, urges a move beyond simplistic judgments, stating, “We can't just be dismissive and say: ‘AI is good’ or ‘AI is bad’,” This complexity is driving global regulatory efforts, where psychologists are increasingly valued for their expertise in cognitive bias, cultural inclusion, and data analysis. Public anxiety is well-founded. Mindy Shoss, PhD, has linked fears of AI-induced job loss to negative mental health outcomes, particularly in unequal societies. These concerns are realized in documented cases of biased algorithms in fields like hiring and healthcare — problems often stemming from unrepresentative data or the “black box” issue, where even developers cannot fully trace an AI's reasoning. Addressing these challenges demands strict auditing (审计). Beyond technical checks, psychologists Tara Behrend and Richard Landers propose a “psychological audit” to evaluate the impact of AI on humans. This approach applies core research principles to assess data sources, methodology, and the validity of inferences. Behrend emphasizes that bias checks are as critical for AI guidance systems that shape life paths as for high-stakes decisions. Shoss adds that moral implementation depends on organizational trust, transparency, and accountability, The human element introduces further complexity. Studies by Helena Matute, PhD, show that people can inherit and continue AI biases, continuing wrong patterns even after the AI is no longer in use. This inherited bias is notably persistent, partly because, as Celeste Kidd, PhD, notes, AI's authoritative tone makes its misinformation “sticky.” More alarmingly, AI can be designed to exploit cognitive biases, such as the familiarity heuristic (熟悉性启发法), raising serious moral questions about manipulative applications. Despite these risks, AI also holds potential to identify and correct human biases — for instance, by flagging discriminatory hiring practices. Luxton cautions that such applications also require transparency to maintain trust. A deeper challenge, Behrend points out, is that AI trained on historical data inherently reinforces the status quo (现状). Using it actively for fairness requires a general societal agreement on the meaning of “fairness,” a goal complicated by conflicting definitions. This landscape is fueling a regulatory push, with numerous U. S. states passing or proposing AI-related laws. Luxton advocates for establishing universal guidelines and audit trails (审计追踪) over fragmented legislation. Behrend holds that amid rapid technological change, the enduring psychological principles of reliability, validity, and fairness provide a stable foundation for evaluation. Ultimately, as Shoss concludes, the moral use of AI demands sustained and adaptive dialogue. “These discussions need to be ongoing,” she says, “because the nature of generative AI is that it's constantly changing.” 43. The primary purpose of proposing a “psychological audit” is to _________. A. replace the existing technical audit procedures entirely B. assess the impact of AI systems on human users and society C. simplify the complex data analysis process in AI development D. eliminate the “black box” issue completely from AI reasoning 44. According to Behrend, why is using AI to actively promote fairness a “deeper challenge”? A. Because the inherent bias in AI's algorithms makes it impossible to achieve any form of fairness. B. Because it depends on society first reaching an agreement on a complex and conflicting concept. C. Because AI technology evolves too rapidly for any moral guidelines to be effectively implemented. D. Because the “black box” issue prevents us from fully understanding how AI makes its decisions. 45. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Rhoda Au suggests we should avoid simplistic judgments about AI being entirely good or bad. B. Mindy Shoss correlates the fear of AI-driven job loss with negative impacts on mental well-being. C. Celeste Kidd suggests that the solution to “inherited bias” lies in technical audits of AI's reasoning processes. D. David Luxton favors the establishment of universal AI guidelines over piecemeal legislation. 46. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. AI's potential is severely limited by its inherent risks, which currently prevent its responsible development and use. B. AI presents risks but offers corrective potential, necessitating moral guidelines and ongoing dialogue for its responsible use. C. AI requires that its development not continue until comprehensive global regulations are firmly established. D. AI will manage its own moral dilemmas autonomously through the advancement of its own corrective capabilities. Section C 8% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below, Each sentence can be used only once, Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hackers who attempted to blackmail a nursery chain by posting stolen images and data about children on the dark net have removed the posts and claim to have deleted the information. The criminals began posting profiles of the children to their website last Thursday, adding another 10 children days later and vowing to continue until Kido Schools paid a ransom (赎金) in Bitcoin. The criminals also contacted parents directly with threatening phone calls whilst trying to get their ransom paid. But public anger at their attack appears to have forced the criminals to backtrack. First they blurred (打码) the images but kept the data up. ____47____. Their apparent change of heart has been met with doubt by experts. ____48____ “This is more about practicality than morality” said cyber-security expert Jen Ellis. “These criminals are clearly shocked and worried by the attention their hack has caused and they are trying to protect themselves or their brand.” The hackers claim to have deleted everything they took — which included the private details and pictures of around 8,000 children as well as contact information for parents and carers. “All child data is now being deleted. No more remains and this can comfort parents,” one of the cyber-criminals involved told the BBC. ____49____ Past cases have shown that hackers often say they have deleted stolen data and been found to have kept it or sold it on. When the UK’s National Crime Agency took down the cyber crime gang LockBit they discovered data still on the criminal’s servers that victims had paid to be deleted. ____50____ In 2020 a gang using Dopplepaymer ransomware gifted their encryption (加密) key to a German hospital after the chaos contributed to the death of an emergency care patient. When Conti hackers attacked the Irish Health Service in 2021 they too gave their antidote away for free claiming not to have deliberately targeted hospitals. A. This isn’t the first time that cyber-criminals have backtracked on an attack. B. So the hackers appear to have actually lost money in this cyber-attack. C. Now they have taken all the information offline, and apologized for their actions. D. They had previously condemned the targeting of nurseries as a “new low” for cyber-criminals. E. Then, months before, criminals took the strange decision to post proof that they had donated some of their ill-gotten bitcoin to charities. F. It’s understood that Kido haven’t paid the hackers a ransom which was thought to be around £60,000. Ⅲ. Summary 10% Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of thepassage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. “Where You Go” Doesn't Matter So Much During the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges they assume the celebrities attended. The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school. The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores — one marker of elite colleges — isn’t necessarily linked to post-graduation achievement. Researchers found that workaholics who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them — either because of rejection or by their own choice — are more likely to perform better later than students who just waste their time on campus. In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, the pursuit of a grand life goal, and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation 15%（3+3+4+5） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这位新生代女演员技惊四座的表演很快占据了热搜的榜首。（claim）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 为何不劳逸结合，休几天假，改善一下自己的精神面貌呢？（strike）(汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 远道而来的游客恰巧遇上了这座室内植物园的闭园日，这难免会让他们有一丝失落。（touch）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 互联网直播空前的互动性对传统教育生态构成了严峻的挑战，培养明辨是非的能力已经成为每位大学新生的必修课。（tell）(汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 25% 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 上海市为了更好地向年轻人推广本地文化，计划启动一个重点项目，现就方案选择征求市民意见：选择一、在上海文化中心举办大型青年艺术节；选择二：在学校和社区开展一系列传统文化工作坊。假设你是实验中学的学生王梓，请你给主管部门写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须包括： 1. 你写信的目的及你的选择； 2. 你的理由。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市实验学校高三月考英语试卷（2025. 10） （考试时间：105分钟） 考生注意： 1. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 2. 答题前，请在答题纸上粘贴二维码，请用黑色或蓝黑色水笔答题，不得使用修正液涂改。 3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。 4. 试卷满分115分。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It's Saturday morning at Sydney's Manly beach and nearly 100 people are bending over piles of litter, sorting them into coloured bags. A judge blows his whistle and calls: “Two minutes!” as a team debates ____1____ a discarded tennis racket (网球拍) is “heavy waste” — risking a 100-point penalty if they guess wrong. This is Australia's World Cup qualifier for Spogomi, a game invented in Japan in 2008 by Kenichi Mamitsuka under the slogan “Trash pickup is a sport!” ____2____ (make) rubbish collection more engaging and raise awareness about waste. The name combines the English word “sport” with gomi, ____3____ Japanese word for rubbish. The victor will win a trip to Tokyo to compete against about 20 countries including the US, the UK and China for the Spogomi World Cup 2025. ____4____ only discovering the sport a week before, I was part of a team of three, among the 30 taking part in Australia's qualifier. Teams had an hour to pick up rubbish within a designated area. The types of rubbish ____5____ (collect), and their weight, earn certain points. Some heavy items-such as prams or tyres — are banned and attract a penalty. Participants are allowed to walk quickly but not run, and must stay within 10 metres of their team members. Rule breaches lead to a yellow or red card-then elimination. At the end, teams have 20 minutes to sort items into bags ____6____ points are counted. This is only the second year that Spogomi qualifiers ____7____ (hold) in Australia but in Japan, where almost 50 regions take part in the qualifiers, the sport is hugely popular. The first World Cup in 2023 was broadcast on several television stations and attended by members of Japan's ministry of sport. Australia's spogomi founder, Jason Partington, ____8____ took Australia's winners to Tokyo, says the sport is “only going to get bigger” here. “It was crazy,” he says of the 2023 event. “It was like being in the Olympics . . . it was incredible.” To Partington, ____9____ is dressed up as a fun event is about raising environmental awareness. “We know 80% of litter that ends up in the ocean comes from the land, so the more we can get people aware ____10____ instead of walking past rubbish, you should pick it up, the better,” he said. “There will be hundreds of kilograms of stuff that we've collected today.” 【答案】1. if##whether 2. to make 3. the##a 4. Despite##Although##Though##While 5. collected 6. before 7. have been held 8. who 9. what 10. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项名为Spogomi的捡垃圾运动，它源于日本，旨在让垃圾收集更具吸引力并提高人们的环保意识，文中还描述了该运动在澳大利亚的资格赛情况以及其创始人对运动意义的阐释。 【1题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：当一名裁判吹响哨子并喊道：“两分钟！”时，一支队伍正在争论一个被丢弃的网球拍是否属于“重垃圾”——如果他们猜错了，就会面临100分的处罚。debate后接宾语从句，根据“risking a 100-point penalty if they guess wrong”可知，此处是在争论是否属于，应用if或whether引导。故填if或whether。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是澳大利亚的Spogomi世界杯资格赛，该运动由Kenichi Mamitsuka于2008年在日本发明，口号是“捡垃圾是一项运动！”，目的是让垃圾收集更具吸引力并提高人们对垃圾的认识。此处用动词不定式表目的，说明发明该运动的目的。故填to make。 【3题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这个名字结合了英语单词“sport”和日语中表示垃圾的单词“gomi”。此处可表示特指日语中“垃圾”这个单词，也可以表示泛指这个单词，用定冠词the或不定冠词a。故填the或a。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管我在一周前才发现这项运动，但我还是三人队的一员，参与澳大利亚资格赛的30支队伍之一。结合句意，此处表示“尽管”，only discovering the sport a week before可看作是动名词短语，句首用介词despite，构成介词短语；only discovering the sport a week before也可看作是现在分词短语，使用状语从句的省略，可以使用although或though或while；位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite/Although/Though/While。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：收集的垃圾类型及其重量会获得一定的分数。rubbish与collect之间是被动关系，用过去分词collected，作定语，修饰rubbish。故填collected。 【6题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：最后，各队有20分钟将物品分类装入袋中，之后统计分数。根据句意，是在分类之后统计分数，即在统计分数之前，用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 【7题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这只是Spogomi资格赛在澳大利亚举办第二年，但在日本，有近50个地区参加资格赛，这项运动非常受欢迎。“This is only the second year that...”结构中，从句用现在完成时，且qualifiers与hold之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been held。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句关。句意：澳大利亚的Spogomi创始人Jason Partington带澳大利亚的获胜者去了东京，他说这项运动在这里“只会变得更火”。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Jason Partington，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【9题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：对Partington来说，这场被包装成有趣活动的赛事是为了提高环保意识。此处引导主语从句，从句缺主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【10题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：“我们知道，最终进入海洋的垃圾中有80%来自陆地，所以我们越能让人们意识到，不是从垃圾旁走过，而是应该把它捡起来，就越好，”他说。aware后接宾语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. right B. flame C. saw D. sound E. eagerly F. lifted G. discipline H. tournament I. sights J. manly K. mirrored In the grassland of the Xi Ujimchin Banner of the Xiliin Gol League, North China’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region, 37-year-old herder Urbuusan and his 12-year-old son Degjiin grab each other’s shoulders. Both try to get their opponent’s arm and leg ____11____ to dislodge him. The silent challenge constitutes their daily training as Mongolian wrestlers. Meaning durability, Bokh, or Mongolian wrestling, is more than just a sport; it also symbolizes strength, perseverance and honor. Deeply rooted in the nomadic way of life and as a cultural practice that reflects the region’s history, values and spirit, it is one of the “Three ____12____ skills” of the Mongolian ethnic group, alongside horse racing and archery. Urbuusan’s own journey in the traditional sport spans two decades, his strength and skill earning him more than 10 titles in various competitions. The rhythm of the grassland and the spirit of the sport flow in his veins. It is a legacy that Degjiin, who watches his father’s triumphs with wide eyes, has ____13____ embraced. Since he was six years old, the boy has ____14____ his father’s movements, his small frame learning the intricate grips and explosive throws. Now, he stands not just as a son, but as a young wrestler in his own ____15____. Urbuusan nurtured this ____16____. Since Degjiin’s eighth birthday, he has guided his son onto competitive mats across the region. Back home, the tangible results of Degjiin’s dedication shimmer (闪烁) — a whole wall is adorned with shining medals, each a testament of grit and growth. Last year’s triumph in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, ____17____ Degjiin win gold in an event that drew 255 wrestlers. Besides a gold medal, he was also awarded with a white horse after the regional youth Bokh ____18____. Now a fifth-grader at primary school, daily practice with his father is a cherished luxury. Yet, Degjiin’s passion burns undimmed. He has joined the school’s Bokh club, improving his techniques, and his ____19____ set firmly on the upcoming traditional sports games. The dream of stepping onto a larger competitive stage fuels his _____20_____. “Whenever dad is home, I can’t wait to get out here and train with him,” Degjiin says. The proud father adds: “Degjiin wants to become a famous Mongolian wrestler. I’ll keep wrestling with him, as long as he’s happy.” 【答案】11. F 12. J 13. E 14. K 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. H 19. I 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了内蒙古牧民乌尔布桑深耕蒙古摔跤二十年，悉心培养儿子德吉因传承这项技艺，德吉因屡获佳绩、热情不减，立志成为知名摔跤手。 【11题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：​两人试图抬起对手的胳膊和腿以将其掀翻。语境为“两人试图抬起对手的胳膊和腿以将其掀翻”，“get sth. lifted”表示“使某物被抬起”，过去分词作宾语补足语，符合摔跤动作逻辑。故选F项。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它深深植根于游牧民族的生活方式，是一种反映该地区历史、价值观和精神的文化习俗，与赛马和射箭一起被称为蒙古族的“三大男子技能”。空后skills为名词，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，manly“男子气概的”为形容词，符合语境。故选J项。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：睁大眼睛看着父亲胜利的德吉热切地接受了这一传承。此处为副词作状语修饰动词embraced，eagerly“热切地”为副词，符合语境。故选E项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：从六岁起，这个男孩就开始模仿他父亲的动作，他小小的身躯开始学习复杂的握法和爆发力的投掷。结合时间状语Since he was six years old可知句子时态为现在完成时，此处填入过去分词与空格前的has构成现在完成时，mirrored“模仿”为动词过去分词，符合语境。故选K项。 【15题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：现在，他不仅是一个儿子，也是一名年轻的摔跤手。此处为固定短语“in one’s own right”，意为“凭自身资格、本身”，此处表示“他不仅是儿子，本身也是一名年轻摔跤手”，符合逻辑，故选A项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：乌尔布桑悉心培养着这份热情。空前为this，此处为名词作宾语成分，flame“热情”为名词，符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：去年在内蒙古赤峰举行的比赛中，德吉赢得了一枚金牌，共有255名摔跤选手参赛。此处为动词作谓语成分，结合时间状语Last year’s triumph in Chifeng可知句子时态为一般过去时，saw“看见”为动词see的过去式，构成“saw sb. win”表示“见证某人赢得……”，符合语境。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：除了一枚金牌，他还在地区青年博克锦标赛后获得了一匹白马。空前为介词after，此处为名词和前面的the regional youth Bokh构成名词短语，作宾语，“regional youth Bokh tournament”指“地区青年摔跤锦标赛”，“tournament(锦标赛)”是赛事的常用表述，贴合“255名摔跤手参赛”的背景。故选H项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：他加入了学校的博克俱乐部，提高了自己的技术，并将目光坚定地投向了即将到来的传统体育比赛。空前his为形容词性物主代词，此处为名词形式，sights“目光”为名词复数形式，“sights set on”为固定搭配，意为“目光锁定于……”，符合语境。故选I项。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：踏上更大的竞技舞台的梦想激发了他的自律精神。空前his为形容词性物主代词，此处为名词形式，discipline“自律”为名词，表示“自律精神”符合语境。故选G项。 II. Reading Comprehension 45% Section A15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Should you go for a ride-hailing upgrade, or pay extra for legroom on a long flight? For many, such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve. A new financial guideline promises ____21____. It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0.01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it. Someone with assets (资产)worth $500, 000, for instance, can spend $50 without ____22____. The principle was coined by Nick Maggiulli, a writer and investment manager, and outlined in his recent book The Wealth Ladder. Since then, it has migrated into personal-finance podcasts and online forums, where it has attracted admirers and ____23____ alike. Personal finance is no stranger to numeric rules. The 50/30/20 rule advises households to devote half their budget to needs, 30% to wants, and the rest to savings. The 4% rule offers retirees a supposedly safe annual drawdown (动用资金)from their nest egg. Mr. Maggiulli's contribution is different. It is not a ____24____ plan but a yardstick for moments of hesitation — a quick test to distinguish trivial sums from ____25____ ones. The idea was sparked by a(n) ____26____ source. A line from Jay-Z asked: “What's 50 grand to a fellow like me?” Mr. Maggiulli calculated that at the time it represented roughly 0. 01% of the rapper's fortune. The figure, he realized, ____27____ even for non-billionaires. It mirrors the assumption that assets will compound at just under 4% a year, or 0.01% a day. ____28____ that share of wealth does not eat away at capital. Like any rule of thumb, the rule has limits. Apply it too liberally and “____29____ yourself” purchases can accumulate into something rather less trivial. Mr. Maggiulli advises restraint: once or twice a week, not daily. Used sensibly, it can justify ____30____ luxuries without opening the door to extravagance (铺张浪费). Financial planners see the main value of the rule not for the impecunious — who know all too well what they cannot ____31____ — but for the well-off. Neela Hummel, head of Abacus Wealth Partners, notes that clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund. Wealth rarely erases ____32____; habits formed decades earlier stay. The ____33____ are obvious. Optimistic valuations of one’s home can push up the benchmark. Successive applications can justify ever-pricier upgrades. And focusing on minor expenses may ____34____ you from larger questions about saving, investing and retirement. The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning. Even so, its popularity reveals something important. In a world full of money advice, many people do not need another formula for building wealth. What they desire is a way to ____35____ spending it. In this respect, Mr. Maggiulli’s rule offers something rare: a rational excuse for your choice. 21. A. autonomy B. reward C. intervention D. relief 22. A. budgeting B. consideration C. guilt D. restrictions 23. A. advocates B. doubters C. onlookers D. followers 24. A. far-reaching B. state-of-art C. low-profile D. long-term 25. A. agreed B. fixed C. serious D. subsequent 26. A. independent B. informed C. literary D. unlikely 27. A. rises B. works C. drops D. backfires 28. A. Possessing B. Spending C. Saving D. Generating 29. A. liberate B. treat C. apply D. choke 30. A. modest B. ultimate C. unnecessary D. pure 31. A. afford B. sacrifice C. earn D. boost 32. A. bonus B. economy C. incompetence D. odds 33 A. contradictions B. hazards C. upsides D. distinctions 34. A. distract B. spare C. withdraw D. defend 35. A. steer away from B. plan ahead for C. take delight in D. make peace with 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“0.01% 法则”的定义、起源、价值及局限，为小额消费决策提供参考。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的财务指导原则有望带来缓解。A. autonomy自主权；B. reward奖励；C. intervention干预；D. relief缓解。根据上文“such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve”可知，小额选择引发过多焦虑，新原则能带来缓解。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，资产50万美元的人可以毫无愧疚地花50美元。A. budgeting预算；B. consideration考虑；C. guilt愧疚；D. restrictions限制。根据上文“stop being distressed and buy it”可知，符合法则的消费无需苦恼，即无愧疚感。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，它进入了个人理财播客和在线论坛，吸引了仰慕者和怀疑者。A. advocates支持者；B. doubters怀疑者；C. onlookers旁观者；D. followers追随者。根据“admirers and”可知，前后为并列对比关系，指既有仰慕者也有怀疑者。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不是一个长期的计划，而是犹豫时刻的衡量标准 —— 一种快速区分小额资金和大额资金的测试。A. far-reaching影响深远的；B. state-of-art最先进的；C. low-profile低调的；D. long-term长期的。根据下文“but a yardstick for moments of hesitation”可知，它并非是长期的计划，而是即时衡量标准。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不是一个长期的计划，而是犹豫时刻的衡量标准 —— 一种快速区分小额资金和重要资金的测试。A. agreed公认的；B. fixed固定的；C. serious重要的；D. subsequent随后的。根据 上文“distinguish trivial sums from”可知，是区分小额资金与重要资金。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法来自一个意想不到的来源。A. independent独立的；B. informed有见识的；C. literary文学的；D. unlikely意想不到的。根据下文“A line from Jay-Z asked”可知，想法来自说唱歌手的歌词，是意想不到的来源。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到，这个数字即使对非亿万富翁也同样适用。A. rises上升；B. works适用；C. drops下降；D. backfires适得其反。根据下文“even for non-billionaires”可知，该法则不仅适用于富豪，对普通人也适用。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：花掉那部分财富并不会侵蚀资本。A. Possessing拥有；B. Spending花费；C. Saving节省；D. Generating产生。根据上文“can spend $50 without ____ ” 可知，此处指花费符合法则的财富份额。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果过于随意地使用它，“犒劳自己”消费可能会累积成一笔相当可观的数目。A. liberate解放；B. treat犒劳；C. apply应用；D. choke窒息。根据上文“It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0. 01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it.”和本句“purchases can accumulate”可知，指犒劳自己的消费行为。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：合理使用的话，它可以为适度的奢侈品消费提供正当理由，同时又不会导致铺张浪费。A. modest适度的；B. ultimate最终的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. pure纯粹的。根据“without opening the door to extravagance”可知，是适度的奢侈品消费。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：理财规划师认为，这条规则的主要价值不在于穷人 —— 他们非常清楚自己负担不起什么 —— 而在于富人。A. afford负担得起；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. earn赚取；D. boost促进。根据“the impecunious”可知，穷人清楚自己负担不起的东西。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富很难抹去节俭的习惯；几十年前养成的习惯依旧存在。A. bonus奖金；B. economy经济；C. incompetence无能；D. odds可能性。根据上文“clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund.”可知，财富很难抹去节俭的习惯。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：风险是显而易见的。A. contradictions矛盾；B. hazards风险；C. upsides优势；D. distinctions区别。根据下文“ The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning.”可知，此处指法则的风险。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：专注于小额支出可能会让你分心，忽略关于储蓄、投资和退休的更大问题。A. distract使分心；B. spare抽出；C. withdraw撤回；D. defend防御。根据“from larger questions”可知，是分心而忽略重要问题。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们想要的是一种与花钱和解的方式。A. steer away from避开；B. plan ahead for提前规划；C. take delight in乐于；D. make peace with与……和解。根据下文“a rational excuse for your choice”可知，是找到花钱的合理理由，与花钱和解。故选D。 Section B 22% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） There is growing evidence that simple, everyday changes can physically alter our brains. As a science journalist fascinated by the mind, I decided to investigate — starting with a brain scan. Lying in the maw of a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(fMRI) machine, my first thought was, “It’s surprisingly hard to think of nothing at all.” I was told to focus on a black cross, but the hypnotic hum of the scanner made it difficult to keep my eyes open. I worried that drifting off would skew the resulting images of my brain, which were taken before I embarked on a six-week brain-altering course. My goal was to discover if we can actively influence meaningful brain change. I wanted to see if altering my daily life could strengthen crucial neural connections and improve my mental health. This concept is known as neuroplasticity — the brain’s incredible ability to adapt and change in both structure and function over time. It was once thought to be limited to youth, but we now know it’s a constant force that shapes who we are. Every time we learn a new skill, our brain physically adapts. Neuroscientists are finding that we have some power to control this process. With the help of Professor Thorsten Barnhofer, a clinical psychologist from the University of Surrey, I set out to test this. He is currently studying the effects of managing stress and difficult emotions, particularly on people with severe depression. I was surprised that something as simple as mindfulness could be so crucial for brain health. Research shows it enhances cognitive functions, improves attention, relieves pain, and reduces stress. Studies indicate that just a few months of mindfulness training can ease certain depression and anxiety symptoms, though individual results vary. More importantly, mindfulness can physically change the brain. Barnhofer explained that when the stress hormone cortisol remains high, “it can become toxic for your brain.” Stress directly inhibits neuroplasticity, so managing it helps the brain remain plastic. But would it work for me? Over six weeks, I followed a modified mindfulness course. For 30 minutes daily, I practiced guided meditation. I also had a weekly Zoom session with Barnhofer. My instructions were to be fully aware of the present moment — to notice where my thoughts wandered and what occupied my mind. He encouraged me to be mindful in daily activities like cooking or running, to focus completely on the moment, and to gently bring my mind back when it wandered. 36. According to Professor Barnhofer, why is managing stress important for neuroplasticity? A. Because stress helps the brain adapt to new challenges. B. Because high levels of cortisol may damage the brain and inhibit change. C. Because stress accelerates the learning of new skills. D. Because cortisol is necessary for maintaining cognitive functions. 37. The word “skew” in paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A. establish B. distort C. delay D. confirm 38. Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the author’s personal experience? A. She received guidance from a professor throughout her six-week practice. B. The initial brain scan(fMRI) was conducted after she completed the mindfulness course. C. She was certain that the mindfulness training would yield positive results for her. D. Her daily meditation practice lasted for approximately one hour. 39. What does the author aim to achieve by sharing her personal experiment and the scientific explanations in the article? A. To provide a step-by-step guide to practicing mindfulness meditation. B. To argue that fMRI technology is essential for improving mental health. C. To present neuroplasticity as a controllable process through personal effort. D. To detail Professor Barnhofer’s research on cortisol and depression. 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者作为科学记者，通过为期六周的正念训练实验，结合神经可塑性的科学知识，探索日常简单改变能否主动影响大脑积极变化的过程。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文倒数第三段 “Barnhofer explained that when the stress hormone cortisol remains high, “it can become toxic for your brain.” Stress directly inhibits neuroplasticity, so managing it helps the brain remain plastic.(巴恩霍夫教授解释说，当压力荷尔蒙皮质醇水平持续居高不下时，“它会对你的大脑产生毒性。”压力会直接抑制神经可塑性，因此管理压力有助于大脑保持可塑性。)” 可知，高水平的皮质醇可能损害大脑并抑制其变化，这是管理压力对神经可塑性很重要的原因。故选B。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据原文第二段“I worried that drifting off would skew the resulting images of my brain, which were taken before I embarked on a six-week brain-altering course.(我担心走神会skew我大脑的成像结果，这些成像是在我开始为期六周的大脑改造课程之前拍摄的。)” 可知，作者担心走神会影响大脑扫描图像的准确性,“skew”在此处意为 “扭曲、使失真”。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段 “Over six weeks, I followed a modified mindfulness course. For 30 minutes daily, I practiced guided meditation. I also had a weekly Zoom session with Barnhofer.(在六周的时间里，我参加了一个改良后的正念课程。我每天练习30分钟的引导式冥想，还每周和巴恩霍夫教授进行一次Zoom交流。)” 可知，作者在六周的练习中得到教授的指导。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段 “My goal was to discover if we can actively influence meaningful brain change. I wanted to see if altering my daily life could strengthen crucial neural connections and improve my mental health.(我目标是探索我们是否能主动影响大脑产生有意义的变化。我想看看改变我的日常生活是否能加强关键的神经连接，改善我的心理健康。)” 及倒数第二段 “Over six weeks, I followed a modified mindfulness course. For 30 minutes daily, I practiced guided meditation. I also had a weekly Zoom session with Barnhofer.(在六周的时间里，我参加了一个改良后的正念课程。我每天练习30分钟的引导式冥想，还每周和巴恩霍夫教授进行一次Zoom交流。)”和最后一段“He encouraged me to be mindful in daily activities like cooking or running, to focus completely on the moment, and to gently bring my mind back when it wandered.(他鼓励我在烹饪或跑步等日常活动中保持专注，完全专注于当下，在走神的时候轻轻地把思绪拉回来。)”并结合全文内容可知，作者通过分享个人实验和科学解释，旨在说明神经可塑性是一个可以通过个人努力控制的过程。故选C。 （B） Academic Integrity &Academic Misconduct The College of Education at the University of Washington, and the field of education as a whole, maintains rigorous expectations for academic integrity. Upholding strong academic integrity is vital for the credibility of our profession and aligns with the College’s vision to transform inequitable systems of education. The College’s own Academic Integrity Policy, consistent with the broader UW Student Conduct Code, outlines specific expectations, roles, and procedures for its students and faculty. Common Forms of Academic Misconduct While many forms exist, plagiarism and cheating are the two most common. ●Plagiarism, as defined by the UW Student Conduct Code, involves presenting someone else’s work or ideas without attribution (归属). This includes using another person’s published or unpublished work, whether through direct quotation or paraphrase, without clear acknowledgment. It also covers using materials prepared by another person or acquired from commercial sources. ●Cheating is any unauthorized action intended to secure an unfair academic advantage. This includes using unauthorized assistance on exams or assignments; acquiring, using, or distributing another student’s unpublished work without permission; using unauthorized online sources like solution manuals; or having someone else complete coursework on your behalf. ●Other misconduct outlined in the code includes falsification, unauthorized collaboration, deliberately damaging another’s work, and unauthorized recording of instructional content. Preventing Academic Misconduct Clear communication is essential for prevention. Instructors should begin by establishing explicit guidelines in the syllabus. It is recommended to use the College’s Academic Integrity Statement and to restate expectations before the first assignment regarding citations, collaboration, and original work. Students should also be informed of the consequences of misconduct. The UW Office of Community Standards and Student Conduct provides numerous tips for prevention, covering areas such as AI tools, in-class exams, homework, written assignments, and final projects. Furthermore, UW Libraries offers Strategies for Assignment Design to help instructors minimize opportunities for plagiarism. A video titled Preventing Academic Misconduct, produced for College of Education students, is a resource that can be linked from your syllabus or Canvas course site(s). 40. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic of plagiarism but NOT of cheating? A. Using unauthorized assistance on an exam. B. Distributing another student’s unpublished work without permission. C. Presenting a paraphrased idea from a published book without citation. D. Having someone else complete an assignment for you. 41. The author presents the “Strategies for Assignment Design” primarily as a measure that ________. A. transfers the burden of maintaining integrity from students to instructors B. addresses potential motivations for misconduct at their root C. simplifies the process of grading complex student projects D. ensures all assignments are equally challenging and engaging 42. The passage connects the College’s vision to “transform inequitable systems” with the maintenance of academic integrity in order to ________. A. highlight that academic misconduct is primarily a social justice issue B. establish the most profound reason for why integrity matters C. explain how integrity relates to broader educational goals D. suggest that integrity policies contribute to addressing systemic inequity 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍华盛顿大学教育学院的学术诚信要求、学术不端的常见形式及预防措施，强调学术诚信对教育行业的重要性。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Common Forms of Academic Misconduct”部分中的“Plagiarism, as defined by the UW Student Conduct Code, involves presenting someone else’s work or ideas without attribution (归属). This includes using another person’s published or unpublished work, whether through direct quotation or paraphrase, without clear acknowledgment. (根据华盛顿大学学生行为准则的定义，剽窃是指在未注明归属的情况下呈现他人的作品或观点。这包括使用他人已发表或未发表的作品，无论是直接引用还是释义，均未明确致谢。)”可知，剽窃是指在未注明归属的情况下呈现他人的作品或观点，结合 “Cheating is any unauthorized action intended to secure an unfair academic advantage. This includes using unauthorized assistance on exams or assignments; acquiring, using, or distributing another student’s unpublished work without permission; using unauthorized online sources like solution manuals; or having someone else complete coursework on your behalf. (作弊是指为获取不公平的学术优势而采取的任何未经授权的行为。这包括在考试或作业中使用未经授权的帮助；未经许可获取、使用或分发其他学生未发表的作品；使用未经授权的在线资源如解题手册；或让他人代完成课程作业。)”可知，作弊是指为获取不公平的学术优势而采取的任何未经授权的行为，综上信息可知，C选项“引用已出版书籍中的释义观点却未注明出处”属于剽窃特征，而非作弊特征。故选C项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Preventing Academic Misconduct”部分中的“Furthermore, UW Libraries offers Strategies for Assignment Design to help instructors minimize opportunities for plagiarism. (此外，华盛顿大学图书馆提供作业设计策略，帮助教师最大限度地减少剽窃的机会。)”可知，作业设计策略通过优化作业形式减少剽窃可能，从根源上应对学术不端的潜在诱因。故选B项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Upholding strong academic integrity is vital for the credibility of our profession and aligns with the College’s vision to transform inequitable systems of education. (坚持高度的学术诚信对我们行业的可信度至关重要，也与学院改造不公平教育体系的愿景一致。)”可知，文章将学院愿景与学术诚信相联系，是为了阐明学术诚信之所以重要的深层原因——其不仅关乎行业信誉，更与教育领域的核心目标紧密相关。故选B项。 （C） As artificial intelligence rapidly transforms society, researchers like David Luxton, PhD, describe it as a “super-disruptive technology” with potential for both profound harm and significant benefit. At CES 2024, Luxton highlighted concerns ranging from job displacement to algorithmic bias, where discriminatory data patterns can produce systematic errors and intensify social inequalities. Psychologist Rhoda Au, PhD, urges a move beyond simplistic judgments, stating, “We can't just be dismissive and say: ‘AI is good’ or ‘AI is bad’,” This complexity is driving global regulatory efforts, where psychologists are increasingly valued for their expertise in cognitive bias, cultural inclusion, and data analysis. Public anxiety is well-founded. Mindy Shoss, PhD, has linked fears of AI-induced job loss to negative mental health outcomes, particularly in unequal societies. These concerns are realized in documented cases of biased algorithms in fields like hiring and healthcare — problems often stemming from unrepresentative data or the “black box” issue, where even developers cannot fully trace an AI's reasoning. Addressing these challenges demands strict auditing (审计). Beyond technical checks, psychologists Tara Behrend and Richard Landers propose a “psychological audit” to evaluate the impact of AI on humans. This approach applies core research principles to assess data sources, methodology, and the validity of inferences. Behrend emphasizes that bias checks are as critical for AI guidance systems that shape life paths as for high-stakes decisions. Shoss adds that moral implementation depends on organizational trust, transparency, and accountability, The human element introduces further complexity. Studies by Helena Matute, PhD, show that people can inherit and continue AI biases, continuing wrong patterns even after the AI is no longer in use. This inherited bias is notably persistent, partly because, as Celeste Kidd, PhD, notes, AI's authoritative tone makes its misinformation “sticky.” More alarmingly, AI can be designed to exploit cognitive biases, such as the familiarity heuristic (熟悉性启发法), raising serious moral questions about manipulative applications. Despite these risks, AI also holds potential to identify and correct human biases — for instance, by flagging discriminatory hiring practices. Luxton cautions that such applications also require transparency to maintain trust. A deeper challenge, Behrend points out, is that AI trained on historical data inherently reinforces the status quo (现状). Using it actively for fairness requires a general societal agreement on the meaning of “fairness,” a goal complicated by conflicting definitions. This landscape is fueling a regulatory push, with numerous U. S. states passing or proposing AI-related laws. Luxton advocates for establishing universal guidelines and audit trails (审计追踪) over fragmented legislation. Behrend holds that amid rapid technological change, the enduring psychological principles of reliability, validity, and fairness provide a stable foundation for evaluation. Ultimately, as Shoss concludes, the moral use of AI demands sustained and adaptive dialogue. “These discussions need to be ongoing,” she says, “because the nature of generative AI is that it's constantly changing.” 43. The primary purpose of proposing a “psychological audit” is to _________. A. replace the existing technical audit procedures entirely B. assess the impact of AI systems on human users and society C. simplify the complex data analysis process in AI development D. eliminate the “black box” issue completely from AI reasoning 44. According to Behrend, why is using AI to actively promote fairness a “deeper challenge”? A. Because the inherent bias in AI's algorithms makes it impossible to achieve any form of fairness. B. Because it depends on society first reaching an agreement on a complex and conflicting concept. C. Because AI technology evolves too rapidly for any moral guidelines to be effectively implemented. D. Because the “black box” issue prevents us from fully understanding how AI makes its decisions. 45. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Rhoda Au suggests we should avoid simplistic judgments about AI being entirely good or bad. B. Mindy Shoss correlates the fear of AI-driven job loss with negative impacts on mental well-being. C. Celeste Kidd suggests that the solution to “inherited bias” lies in technical audits of AI's reasoning processes. D. David Luxton favors the establishment of universal AI guidelines over piecemeal legislation. 46. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. AI's potential is severely limited by its inherent risks, which currently prevent its responsible development and use. B. AI presents risks but offers corrective potential, necessitating moral guidelines and ongoing dialogue for its responsible use. C. AI requires that its development not continue until comprehensive global regulations are firmly established. D. AI will manage its own moral dilemmas autonomously through the advancement of its own corrective capabilities. 【答案】43 B 44. B 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人工智能作为“超级颠覆性技术”的潜在危害与益处，强调需通过心理审计、道德准则及持续对话实现其负责任使用。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Beyond technical checks, psychologists Tara Behrend and Richard Landers propose a ‘psychological audit’ to evaluate the impact of AI on humans. This approach applies core research principles to assess data sources, methodology, and the validity of inferences. (除技术检查外，心理学家塔拉·贝伦德和理查德·兰德斯提出了“心理审计”，以评估人工智能对人类的影响。这种方法运用核心研究原则来评估数据来源、方法论和推论的有效性。)”可知，提出“心理审计”的主要目的是评估人工智能系统对人类用户及社会的影响。故选B项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“A deeper challenge, Behrend points out, is that AI trained on historical data inherently reinforces the status quo (现状). Using it actively for fairness requires a general societal agreement on the meaning of “fairness,” a goal complicated by conflicting definitions. (贝伦德指出，一个更深层次的挑战是，基于历史数据训练的人工智能本质上会强化现状。要积极利用它来促进公平，就需要社会对“公平”的含义达成普遍共识，而这一目标因相互冲突的定义而变得复杂。)”可知，贝伦德认为用人工智能推动公平面临深层挑战，是因为这需要社会先就“公平”这一复杂且有争议的概念达成一致。故选B项。 【45题详解】 细节判断题。根据第四段中的“This inherited bias is notably persistent, partly because, as Celeste Kidd, PhD, notes, AI's authoritative tone makes its misinformation ‘sticky.’ (这种继承的偏见尤其顽固，部分原因正如哲学博士塞莱斯特·基德所指出的，人工智能的权威语气使其错误信息难以摆脱。)”可知，塞莱斯特·基德并未提及“继承的偏见”的解决方案在于对人工智能推理过程的技术审计，C选项表述与原文不符。故选C项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“As artificial intelligence rapidly transforms society, researchers like David Luxton, PhD, describe it as a “super-disruptive technology” with potential for both profound harm and significant benefit. At CES 2024, Luxton highlighted concerns ranging from job displacement to algorithmic bias, where discriminatory data patterns can produce systematic errors and intensify social inequalities. (随着人工智能迅速改变社会，大卫・勒克斯顿博士等研究人员将其描述为一种 “超级颠覆性技术”，既可能造成深远危害，也蕴含巨大益处。在 2024 年国际消费电子展（CES）上，勒克斯顿强调了一系列担忧，从就业岗位流失到算法偏见 —— 歧视性数据模式可能产生系统性误差，进而加剧社会不平等。)”、第五段中的“AI also holds potential to identify and correct human biases. (人工智能也有望识别并纠正人类偏见。)”可知，人工智能既可能造成深远危害，也蕴含巨大益处，结合最后一段中的“Ultimately, as Shoss concludes, the moral use of AI demands sustained and adaptive dialogue. (归根结底，正如肖斯所总结的，人工智能的合乎道德使用需要持续且具适应性的对话。)”可知，文章核心是人工智能既存在风险也具备矫正潜力，需要道德准则和持续对话，以实现其负责任的使用。故选B项。 Section C 8% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below, Each sentence can be used only once, Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hackers who attempted to blackmail a nursery chain by posting stolen images and data about children on the dark net have removed the posts and claim to have deleted the information. The criminals began posting profiles of the children to their website last Thursday, adding another 10 children days later and vowing to continue until Kido Schools paid a ransom (赎金) in Bitcoin. The criminals also contacted parents directly with threatening phone calls whilst trying to get their ransom paid. But public anger at their attack appears to have forced the criminals to backtrack. First they blurred (打码) the images but kept the data up. ____47____. Their apparent change of heart has been met with doubt by experts. ____48____ “This is more about practicality than morality,” said cyber-security expert Jen Ellis. “These criminals are clearly shocked and worried by the attention their hack has caused and they are trying to protect themselves or their brand.” The hackers claim to have deleted everything they took — which included the private details and pictures of around 8,000 children as well as contact information for parents and carers. “All child data is now being deleted. No more remains and this can comfort parents,” one of the cyber-criminals involved told the BBC. ____49____ Past cases have shown that hackers often say they have deleted stolen data and been found to have kept it or sold it on. When the UK’s National Crime Agency took down the cyber crime gang LockBit they discovered data still on the criminal’s servers that victims had paid to be deleted. ____50____ In 2020 a gang using Dopplepaymer ransomware gifted their encryption (加密) key to a German hospital after the chaos contributed to the death of an emergency care patient. When Conti hackers attacked the Irish Health Service in 2021 they too gave their antidote away for free claiming not to have deliberately targeted hospitals. A. This isn’t the first time that cyber-criminals have backtracked on an attack. B. So the hackers appear to have actually lost money in this cyber-attack. C. Now they have taken all the information offline, and apologized for their actions. D. They had previously condemned the targeting of nurseries as a “new low” for cyber-criminals. E. Then, months before, criminals took the strange decision to post proof that they had donated some of their ill-gotten bitcoin to charities. F. It’s understood that Kido haven’t paid the hackers a ransom which was thought to be around £60,000. 【答案】47. C 48. D 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了黑客试图通过泄露托儿所儿童信息勒索 Kido Schools，遭公众愤怒后下架信息并致歉，专家质疑其动机，且 Kido 未支付赎金，此类黑客退缩案例并非首次。 【47题详解】 根据前文“First they blurred (打码) the images but kept the data up.( 首先，他们给图片打码，但保留了数据。)”提到黑客先给图片打码但保留数据，需承接“态度进一步转变” 的逻辑。C项“Now they have taken all the information offline, and apologized for their actions.( 现在他们已下架所有信息并为行为道歉。)”延续“从打码到完全移除”的递进过程，与前文“backtrack（退缩）”呼应，符合情节发展。故选C项。 【48题详解】 根据前文“Their apparent change of heart has been met with doubt by experts.( 他们明显的改变主意遭到了专家的质疑。)”说专家对黑客“回心转意”表示怀疑，后文““This is more about practicality than morality,” said cyber-security expert Jen Ellis.( 网络安全专家珍·埃利斯说：“这更多是出于实用性而非道德考虑。”)”专家解释“这是出于实际考虑而非道德”。D 项“They had previously condemned the targeting of nurseries as a “new low” for cyber-criminals.( 他们此前曾谴责以托儿所为目标是网络罪犯的‘新下限’)”，先说明专家原本的立场 —— 认为攻击托儿所是极不道德的行为，进而引出对黑客突然转变的质疑，衔接专家的后续观点，逻辑连贯。故选D项。 【49题详解】 根据后文“Past cases have shown that hackers often say they have deleted stolen data and been found to have kept it or sold it on.( 过去的案例表明，黑客经常声称他们删除了被盗数据，但被发现保留或出售了这些数据。)”举例说明 “黑客声称删除数据却实际保留或出售”，需铺垫该案例的背景。F项“It’s understood that Kido haven’t paid the hackers a ransom which was thought to be around £60, 000.( 据悉 Kido 并未支付约 6 万英镑的赎金。)”，解释了黑客“声称删除数据” 的潜在原因 —— 未拿到赎金，同时为后文“黑客可能未真正删除数据”提供合理前提，衔接自然。故选F项。 【50题详解】 根据后文“In 2020 a gang using Dopplepaymer ransomware gifted their encryption (加密) key to a German hospital after the chaos contributed to the death of an emergency care patient.( 2020年，在混乱导致一名急诊病人死亡后，一个使用Dopplepaymer勒索软件的团伙将他们的加密密钥赠送给了一家德国医院。)”列举 2020 年德国医院、2021 年爱尔兰卫生服务系统的案例，均是黑客中途退缩的情况。A项“This isn’t the first time that cyber-criminals have backtracked on an attack.( 这并非网络罪犯首次在攻击中退缩。)”，作为段落主旨句，总领后文的过往案例，明确后文是对该句的举例支撑，符合总分逻辑。故选A项。 Ⅲ. Summary 10% Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of thepassage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. “Where You Go” Doesn't Matter So Much During the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges they assume the celebrities attended. The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school. The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores — one marker of elite colleges — isn’t necessarily linked to post-graduation achievement. Researchers found that workaholics who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them — either because of rejection or by their own choice — are more likely to perform better later than students who just waste their time on campus. In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, the pursuit of a grand life goal, and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 By asking students to guess the colleges some celebrities attended and to investigate the educational background of their successful acquaintances, high school programs indicate that successful people don’t necessarily graduate from famous colleges. According to the research, not academic performance but their proper time management, motivation, aspiration and thirst for knowledge contribute most to lifelong success. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，通过高中活动让学生猜测名人就读院校及调查熟人教育背景，说明成功人士未必毕业于名校；研究表明，终身成功的关键并非学业表现，而是时间管理、动机、抱负及求知欲。 【详解】 1.要点摘录 ①.High school programs let students guess celebrities' colleges and investigate successful acquaintances' educational background. ②. Such activities show successful people don't necessarily graduate from famous colleges. ③. Research indicates academic performance isn't linked to lifelong success. ④. Proper time management, motivation, aspiration and thirst for knowledge are key to lifelong success. 2.缜密构思 将要点1与2整合，说明高中活动及核心结论；合并要点3与4，阐述研究发现的成功关键因素，用逻辑连词串联成简洁概要。 3.遣词造句 High school programs, via guessing celebrities’ colleges and investigating acquaintances, show successful people may not graduate from elite colleges. Research finds not academic performance but time management and motivation etc. matter most for lifelong success. 【点睛】[高分句型1] By asking students to guess the colleges some celebrities attended and to investigate the educational background of their successful acquaintances, high school programs indicate that successful people don’t necessarily graduate from famous colleges.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] According to the research, not academic performance but their proper time management, motivation, aspiration and thirst for knowledge contribute most to lifelong success.（运用了“not...but...”并列结构） IV. Translation 15%（3+3+4+5） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这位新生代女演员技惊四座的表演很快占据了热搜的榜首。（claim）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This new-generation actress’s breathtaking/stunning performance swiftly/quickly claimed the top spot on the hot search list. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。“这位新生代女演员”译为名词短语This new-generation actress，“技惊四座的表演”即“令人惊叹的表演”，译为breathtaking/stunning performance，形容词breathtaking/stunning作定语修饰名词performance，“很快”使用副词swiftly/quickly，“占据”使用题干提示词claim，“热搜的榜首”译为the top spot on the hot search list，句子描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故翻译为This new-generation actress’s breathtaking/stunning performance swiftly/quickly claimed the top spot on the hot search list. 53. 为何不劳逸结合，休几天假，改善一下自己的精神面貌呢？（strike）(汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Why not strike a balance between work and leisure/rest and have a few days off to improve your mental state? 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。“为何不……”是表示建议，可用句型why not do...表达，“劳逸结合”用短语strike a balance between work and leisure/rest表达，“休几天假”可用have a few days off表达，这两个动词短语是并列关系，用and连接，且strike和have都用原形；“改善自己的精神面貌”用improve your mental state表达，用不定式作目的状语。故翻译为Why not strike a balance between work and leisure/rest and have a few days off to improve your mental state? 54. 远道而来的游客恰巧遇上了这座室内植物园的闭园日，这难免会让他们有一丝失落。（touch）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Visitors who had traveled a long way/came from afar happened to arrive on/encounter the indoor botanical garden’s closing day/find the indoor botanical garden closed, which inevitably made them feel a touch of disappointment. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和非谓语动词。句子陈述的是过去的事实，用一般过去时；“游客”在句中作主语，应用名词visitors；“远道而来的”在句中作定语，应用定语从句，先行词是visitors，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导，who had traveled a long way与who came from afar都符合语境；“碰巧”在句中作谓语，应用动词happen，此句用一般过去时，动词应用过去式happened；“遇上室内植物园的闭园日”作宾语，动词短语arrive on the indoor botanical garden’s closing day与encounter the indoor botanical garden’s closing day均符合语境，也可以用find + 宾语 + 宾补结构，此处用形容词closed作宾补，该结构译为find the indoor botanical garden closed，又因happen to do是固定结构，此处应用不定式结构作宾语，所以应用to arrive on/encounter the indoor botanical garden’s closing day/find the indoor botanical garden closed；“这难免会让他们有一丝失落”应用非限定性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which引导，“难免”在句中作状语，用副词inevitably，“会让”作从句中谓语，应用使役动词make，此句是一般过去时，用动词过去式made，“他们”作宾语，用人称代词宾格them，“有一丝失落”作宾语补足语，用省略to的不定式构成make + 宾语 + 宾补结构，应用feel a touch of disappointment，所以从句译为which inevitably made them feel a touch of disappointment。故翻译为Visitors who had traveled a long way/came from afar happened to arrive on/encounter the indoor botanical garden’s closing day/find the indoor botanical garden closed, which inevitably made them feel a touch of disappointment. 55. 互联网直播空前的互动性对传统教育生态构成了严峻的挑战，培养明辨是非的能力已经成为每位大学新生的必修课。（tell）(汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The unprecedented/unparalleled interactivity of live streaming has posed a severe challenge to conventional educational landscape/ecosystem, and cultivating the ability to tell right from wrong has become a compulsory course/must for every freshman. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语、时态和固定搭配。结合汉语翻译“已经”可知句子陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时；“前所未有的”可翻译为unprecedented/unparalleled，作定语修饰名词“互动性”interactivity，“互联网直播的空前的互动性”可翻译为The unprecedented/unparalleled interactivity of live streaming，作句子主语，助动词用has；“对……构成严峻的挑战”可翻译为pose a severe challenge to...，其中pose的过去分词为posed；“传统教育生态”可翻译为conventional educational landscape/ecosystem，作介词to的宾语；“and”连接两个并列的句子，表示递进关系；“培养……的能力”可翻译为cultivate the ability to...，用动名词cultivating作后一个分句的主语，助动词用has；“明辨是非”可翻译为tell right from wrong，放在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形；“已经成为……必修课”可翻译为has become a compulsory course/must for...；“每位大学新生”可翻译为every freshman，作介词for的宾语。故翻译为The unprecedented/unparalleled interactivity of live streaming has posed a severe challenge to conventional educational landscape/ecosystem, and cultivating the ability to tell right from wrong has become a compulsory course/must for every freshman. V. Guided Writing 25% 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 上海市为了更好地向年轻人推广本地文化，计划启动一个重点项目，现就方案选择征求市民意见：选择一、在上海文化中心举办大型青年艺术节；选择二：在学校和社区开展一系列传统文化工作坊。假设你是实验中学的学生王梓，请你给主管部门写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须包括： 1. 你写信的目的及你的选择； 2. 你的理由。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am Wang Zi, a student from Experimental Middle School, writing to express my support for the second option —launching a series of traditional culture workshops in schools and communities — to promote Shanghai’s local culture among young people. Firstly, workshops offer interactive experiences that fit young people’s learning habits. Unlike large-scale art festivals where participation is limited, workshops allow us to practice skills like Shanghai opera singing or paper-cutting firsthand, deepening our understanding of local culture. Secondly, schools and communities are accessible to most young people, ensuring wider coverage. Many students and residents can join without long-distance travel, making cultural promotion more inclusive. Lastly, continuous workshops can build long-term interest, as repeated engagement helps us truly appreciate the charm of Shanghai’s traditions. I believe this option will effectively connect young people with local culture. Thank you for considering my suggestion. Yours sincerely, Wang Zi 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求针对上海市为了向年轻人推广本地文化，计划启动的两个重点项目方案，提出自己的想法及选择理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 一系列：a series of→a variety of 促进：promote →boost 参与：engagement→involvement 吸引力：charm→appeal 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Secondly, schools and communities are accessible to most young people, ensuring wider coverage. 拓展句：Secondly, schools and communities are accessible to most young people, which will ensure wider coverage. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Unlike large-scale art festivals where participation is limited, workshops allow us to practice skills like Shanghai opera singing or paper-cutting firsthand, deepening our understanding of local culture.(运用了where引导的定语从句及现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Lastly, continuous workshops can build long-term interest, as repeated engagement helps us truly appreciate the charm of Shanghai’s traditions.(运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $