精品解析：广西柳州高级中学2023-2024学年高一暑期月考(四)英语试题

2023-2024学年度下学期2023级(高一)假期自主测验(四) (英语)试题 (试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which of the following is sold out? A. Oranges. B. Strawberries. C. Pears. 2. What season is it now? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer. 3. What does the boy plan to do at the talent show? A. Read a poem. B. Perform a play. C. Sing a song. 4. What is the woman going to do first? A. Go back home. B. Take exercise. C. Have a big meal. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A beautiful country. B. Some works of art. C. A kind of Chinese food. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was Lucy angry at the man yesterday? A. He broke her mirror. B. He forgot to turn off the tap. C. He got her clothes wet. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Surprised. B. Thankful. C. Sorry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a school. B. In a law firm. C. At a police station. 9. What will Eric do next? A. Give a lesson. B. Attend a meeting. C. Drive to work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does Carson do to be less homesick? A. Take up some sports. B. Make new friends. C. Talk with his family online. 11. What did Carson’s neighbor invite him to do next week? A. Do grocery shopping. B. Visit her garden. C. Go for a picnic. 12. How does Carson go to work? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 13. Who might Carson be? A. An engineer. B. A fashion designer. C. A businessman. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man mention the character Rachel in Friends? A. To explain “birthday blues” is mainly from the fear of getting older. B. To explain why people always look forward to their birthdays. C. To explain why some people hate being noticed by others. 15. What did the man do on his birthday last year? A. He held a birthday party. B. He went to a nursing home. C. He looked after some animals. 16. When will the woman have a yard sale? A. On December 20th. B. On December 23rd. C. On December 30th. 17. What does the woman think of the man? A. He’s shy. B. He’s honest. C. He’s helpful. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about at the beginning of the talk? A. The popularity of Harry Potter. B. J. K. Rowling’s school life. C. His love of Harry Potter. 19. What is an advantage of printed books according to Naomi S. Baron? A. They can add more pleasure to reading. B. Their content is typically more meaningful. C. Fewer language mistakes can be found in them. 20. What percentage of participants checked social media often while reading? A.45%. B.50%. C.67% 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It can be really hard to learn a language well without living in a country full of native speakers! You have to find something interesting! Here’s the solution: TV Series. Game of Thrones You should really start watching it. The language is beautiful and easy to understand. Drama, love and good characters mark the show and there are actors from all around the world. You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending. This is a must-see! Sherlock A British masterpiece. Is there any language learner who has not heard of Sherlock Holmes and his friend John Watson? The writers placed the stories into London in the 21st century, so it’s basically a modern version of the original stories. Here you have everything that an English language learner could wish for: British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a lot of humour. Friends Everybody knows Friends, which couldn’t be missed off of this list. With many different accents to be heard and lots of dialects, this is the perfect show for English learners. The plot is relatively simple to understand. Six friends battle with tough jobs, complicated relationships and life in Manhattan, New York. In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn. How I Met Your Mother It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all around the world. Ifs about the life of five friends that live in New York, focusing on their work and their favorite free time activity: sitting in their favorite bar. You get to know many modern American expressions and can enjoy a lot of dialects that make the show even more interesting. 1. Which of the following has an unexpected ending? A. Friends. B. Sherlock. C. Games of Thrones. D. How J Met Your Mother. 2. What can audience learn from both Sherlock and Friends! A. British accents. B. Humorous conversations. C. American dialects. D. Wonderful performances. 3. What do we know about How I Met Your Mother! A. It is about five American students. B. It attracts audience from all over the world. C. There are many formal expressions in the show. D. It’s the only successful sitcoms in the United States. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇应用文。如果不在一个全是母语人士的国家生活，想要学好一门语言真的很难，文章介绍了几部电视剧，可以帮助人们学习语言。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending. ”（你不知道最后会发生什么。）可知，Game of Thrones的结局无法预料。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Here you have everything that an English language learner could wish for: British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a lot of humour.”（在这里，你拥有英语学习者所希望的一切：英式口音，精彩的表演，充满幽默的长而有趣的对话。）和第四段“In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn.”（在节目的部分内容中，也有英国口音可以听和学习。）可知，在这两部剧里都可以学到英式口音。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all around the world. ”（它是美国最成功的情景喜剧之一，吸引了世界各地的观众。）可知，How I Met Your Mother这部剧吸引了世界各地的观众。故选B。 B They say that Mexico is a country no one ever leaves. Every year, millions of tourists pass through, and Mexicans happily warn that a part of them will remain behind forever. Most visitors are vacationing North Americans who end up on the brilliant beaches of Cancun, Acapulco, Mazatlan, and Puerto Vallarta. The beaches, of course, are among the world’s best – but those who venture inland are rewarded with the true soul of Mexico. And it is a big soul. The Republic of Mexico is vast, consisting of nearly two million square miles of coastline, desert, rain forest, mountains and fertile plains. From the American borderlands of the wide, agriculturally rich north, the country narrows gently as it sweeps south and east. The two main mountain ranges, the Sierra Madre Occidental and the Sierra Madre Oriental, hug the west and east, finally merging into the volcanically active central highlands and the capital, Mexico City – the most populous city in the world. Further south, the country narrows to only 100 miles, then broadens again before reaching the Guatemalan border. There are two major peninsulas (半岛) in Mexico: the Baja Peninsula to the west and the Yucatan peninsula to the east. The population is about 106 million, and the generosity (宽宏大量的) of the Mexican people is unsurpassed. Knowing a few simple sentences in Spanish will win hearts. Mexico has been graced with an unusually temperate climate all year round. The most important thing to remember is that the Mexican summer is also the rainy season, although the rain rarely lasts more than a few hours, and typically arrives in the late afternoon. Extremes are present only in the north and in Baja, both of which have deserts where the temperature leaps above 100℉. Mexico City has a year-round temperature in the high 80s, while the coasts usually stay in the mid-90s. Night time temperatures fall somewhat, but rarely break down below a comfortable 60℉. 4. What’s the author’s writing purpose? A. To introduce Mexico. B. To appeal people to travel in Mexico C. To tell the beauty and ugliness of Mexico. D. To make people aware of the extreme conditions of Mexico. 5. The underlined world “unsurpassed” in the third paragraph probably means “________”. A. remarkable B. limited C. traditional D. unspoken 6. You may suffer extreme temperatures if you go to ________. A. the east B. the west C. the south D. the north 7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Geography. B. History. C. Language. D. Climate. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥的地理环境、人口、语言、气候等多方面的知识。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The Republic of Mexico is vast, consisting of nearly two million square miles of coastline, desert, rain forest, mountains and fertile plains. ”（墨西哥共和国幅员辽阔，由近200万平方英里的海岸线、沙漠、雨林、山脉和肥沃的平原组成。）提到了墨西哥的地理；第三段中“The population is about 106 million”（人口约为1.06亿）降到了墨西哥的人口；最后一段中“Mexico has been graced with an unusually temperate climate all year round.”（墨西哥全年气候异常温和。）提到了墨西哥的气候，可推知，本文的写作目的就是介绍墨西哥。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The population is about 106 million, and the generosity (宽宏大量的) of the Mexican people”（人口约为1.06亿，墨西哥人民的慷慨）及下文“Knowing a few simple sentences in Spanish will win hearts.”（知道几个简单的西班牙语句子会赢得人心。）可知，懂几句西班牙语就能赢得墨西哥人的心，结合上文的宽宏的，可推知，划线词此处指墨西哥人的好是无与伦比的。选项A.“非凡的，不寻常的”符合题意，故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Extremes are present only in the north and in Baja, both of which have deserts where the temperature leaps above 100℉.”（极端情况只出现在北部和巴哈，这两个地区都有沙漠，温度超过华氏100度。）可知，如果你去了墨西哥的北部，很可能遇到极端的气候状况。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Republic of Mexico is vast, consisting of nearly two million square miles of coastline, desert, rain forest, mountains and fertile plains. ”（墨西哥共和国幅员辽阔，由近200万平方英里的海岸线、沙漠、雨林、山脉和肥沃的平原组成。）提到了墨西哥的地理；第三段中“The population is about 106 million”（人口约为1.06亿）降到了墨西哥的人口；“Knowing a few simple sentences in Spanish will win hearts.”（知道几个简单的西班牙语句子会赢得人心。）提到了语言；最后一段中“Mexico has been graced with an unusually temperate climate all year round.”（墨西哥全年气候异常温和。）提到了墨西哥的气候，可知，文章中并没有提到历史，故选B。 C Biologists in the United States are sounding an alarm about a deadly disease that has been attacking a quiet, intelligent animal: the bat. The disease, called white-nose syndrome, is an infection caused by a fungus (真菌) that attack the nose, wings, and other skin areas on the bodies of bats while they are hibernating (冬眠) in large groups in their caves. The disease was first discovered in a New York cave in the winter of 2006, and it is spreading quickly. Infected caves have been discovered in 19 states and in Canada. Scientists have discovered that the source is a strain of a cold-loving fungus usually found in polar regions. They are not sure how the fungus kills bats. One theory is that the fungus causes discomfort. The bats began to become upset and partially wake up from hibernation. This activity causes them to burn precious stored body fat and die of starvation. Experts estimate that over 5. 5 million bats across nine species have disappeared because of the disease. Wildlife experts fear that if the infection spreads to more bat populations in the Southeast and Midwest, endangered bat species, such as the Indiana bat and Virginia big-eared bat, may be in grave danger of extinction. Why should Americans care about the loss of these creatures? In warm months, bat fly at night, eating up to their body weight in insects. They control the populations of insects that bite, eat crops, destroy forests, and spread disease. Because of this, the United States government is getting involved. It has heard announcements from bat experts and is taking seriously their pleas (请愿) for funding to study the disease. The possibility of what one lawmaker called “an ecological and economic disaster” is very real if the deadly disease spreads further. 8. What causes white-nose syndrome among the bats? A. Ecological pollution. B. A cold-loving fungus. C. The freezing climate. D. The lack of food. 9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Where the experts discovered the disease. B. Why the bats’ hibernation is disturbed. C. How the fungus possibly affects bats. D. What contributed to the concern of the experts. 10. What is the main concern about the extinction of the bat in the US? A. The imbalance of the ecosystem. B. The destruction of the forests. C. The spread of the disease. D. The decrease of the insect population. 11. What is the US government most likely to do in the future? A. To introduce laws to protect bats. B. To appeal to people to stay away from infected bats. C. To declare the coming of an ecological disaster D. To approve funding for bat disease research. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了由于蝙蝠被一种真菌感染而引发的白鼻综合征，科学家对研究其感染过程以及对生态可能造成的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The disease, called white-nose syndrome, is an infection caused by a fungus (真菌) that attack the nose, wings, and other skin areas on the bodies of bats while they are hibernating (冬眠) in large groups in their caves. (这种疾病被称为白鼻综合征，是一种由真菌引起的感染，当蝙蝠在洞穴中大群冬眠时，真菌会攻击蝙蝠的鼻子、翅膀和身体上的其他皮肤区域)”和第二段的“Scientists have discovered that the source is a strain of a cold-loving fungus usually found in polar regions. They are not sure how the fungus kills bats.(科学家们发现，其来源是一种通常在极地地区发现的喜冷真菌。他们不确定这种真菌是如何杀死蝙蝠的)”可知，蝙蝠的白鼻综合症是由一种喜冷的真菌引起的。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Scientists have discovered that the source is a strain of a cold-loving fungus usually found in polar regions. They are not sure how the fungus kills bats. One theory is that the fungus causes discomfort. The bats began to become upset and partially wake up from hibernation. This activity causes them to burn precious stored body fat and die of starvation.(科学家们发现，其来源是一种通常在极地地区发现的喜冷真菌。他们不确定这种真菌是如何杀死蝙蝠的。一种理论是真菌会引起不适。蝙蝠开始变得不安，部分从冬眠中醒来。这种活动导致它们燃烧珍贵的储存的身体脂肪并饿死)”可知，第二段主要讲述了真菌是如何影响蝙蝠的。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why should Americans care about the loss of these creatures? In warm months, bat fly at night, eating up to their body weight in insects. They control the populations of insects that bite, eat crops, destroy forests, and spread disease. (为什么美国人应该关心这些生物的损失?在温暖的月份，蝙蝠在夜间飞行，吃掉昆虫的体重。它们控制着叮咬、吃庄稼、破坏森林和传播疾病的昆虫种群)”可知，如果蝙蝠灭绝，会造成生态环境的失衡。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Because of this, the United States government is getting involved. It has heard announcements from bat experts and is taking seriously their pleas (请愿) for funding to study the disease. (正因为如此，美国政府正在介入。它已经听取了蝙蝠专家的公告，并正在认真对待他们的请求资助研究这种疾病)”推知，美国政府接下来可能会批准对蝙蝠研究的资助。故选D。 D The Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport announced that the capital will build 20 cycle tracks connecting popular tourist sites and another 20 linking the countryside. Also, all roads that are wider than 12 meters must have cycle lanes (车道). It is good of the city’s transport department to care for cyclists. Cycling is, without doubt, one of the greenest ways of traveling. It uses no gas, so there are no carbon emissions (碳排放), and it also helps the cyclists become strong and reduce fat. That’s why, in this age of automobiles, bicycles have suddenly become a popular means of transport. Today people ride cycles not for shortage of other means of transport, but for their own health. Data show that over 100 million people ride bicycles as a kind of sport. However, to encourage more people to choose this green means of transport, good bicycle lanes are a necessity. Anybody with any cycling experience must have come across the following problems at some point of time; that there might be no cycle lanes beyond a certain point, or that the signs for cyclists might become unclear; worst of all, there might be whole rows of cars parked on the bicycle lanes or cyclists might have to compete with cars on the same lane. The law prevents parking on bicycle lanes, but some car owners couldn’t care less. The law gives cyclists right of passage over automobile drivers, but that is often forgotten. With automobiles pushing cyclists to one side of the road, cycling often loses its attraction. Sometimes people prefer cycling on exercise bikes indoors than on the roads. To make cycling a pleasurable experience, the governments need to do their jobs better. Apart from designing new bicycle lanes, they should also take effective actions to protect the rights of cyclists and make the sport more enjoyable. 12. Which advantage of cycling is not mentioned in this passage? A. Cycling can help lose weight. B. Cycling is environment-friendly. C. Cycling can help build up bodies. D. Cycling can reduce heavy traffic. 13. Why are good bicycle lanes necessary? A. To call on more people to ride bikes. B. To prevent parking on bicycle lanes. C. To compete with cars on the same lane. D. To encourage people to cycle on exercise bikes. 14. What is the author’s attitude to building cycle tracks in Beijing? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Unclear. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Cycling, new workout trend B. No more parking on bicycle lanes C. Here come the cyclists, make room D. Cycle tracks to be widened in Beijing 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了北京市交通委员会宣布，将修建20条自行车车道以连接热门旅游景点和连接农村，并且新修建的自行车车道宽度超过12米。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is good of the city’s transport department to care for cyclists. Cycling is, without doubt, one of the greenest ways of traveling. It uses no gas, there are no carbon emissions(碳排放), and it also helps the cyclists become strong and reduce fat.(该市交通部门很关心骑自行车的人。毫无疑问，骑自行车是最环保的旅行方式之一。它不使用汽油，没有碳排放，还可以帮助骑自行车的人变得强壮和减少脂肪。)”可知，骑自行车环保，没有碳排放，还可以帮助骑自行车的人变得强壮和减少脂肪。文章并没有提及骑自行车会减少交通堵塞。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, to encourage more people to choose this green means of transport, good bicycle lanes are a necessity. (然而，为了鼓励更多的人选择这种绿色交通工具，良好的自行车道是必要的。)”可知，之所以要有良好的自行车道，是为了鼓励更多的人选择这种绿色交通工具。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“To make cycling a pleasurable experience, the governments need to do their jobs better. Apart from designing new bicycle lanes, they should also take effective actions to protect the rights of cyclists and make the sport more enjoyable.(为了让骑车成为一种愉快的体验，政府需要做得更好。除了设计新的自行车道，他们还应该采取有效的措施来保护骑自行车的人的权利，使这项运动更有趣)”可知，作者对在北京建设自行车车道是支持的态度。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport announced that the capital will build 20 cycle tracks connecting popular tourist sites and another 20 linking the countryside. Also, all roads that are wider than 12 meters must have cycle lanes(车道).(北京市交通委员会宣布，首都将修建20条自行车道连接热门旅游景点，另外20条连接农村。此外，所有宽度超过12米的道路必须有自行车道)”可知，文章介绍了北京市交通委员会宣布，将修建20条自行车车道以连接热门旅游景点和连接农村，并且新修建的自行车车道宽度超过12米。故推断C选项“Here come the cyclists, make room(骑自行车的人来了，让开点地方)”符合文章主旨，概括文章主要内容。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分。) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Most of us are familiar with carrots. ____16____ They are a cool-season crop that can tolerate low temperatures. ____17____ Firstly we should ensure that the soil used for deep-rooted types is free of stones. Mix the soil with organic matter, especially during the fall season before sowing. Then we should choose a variety of carrots after the soil is prepared. ____18____The early ones are usually small, slender and are eaten while they are young; the main crop types are larger and are eaten fresh or stored. Early types should be sown in spring as soon as the soil is workable. They may also be sown under covers, though the covers should be removed after a few weeks. ____19____Carrot seeds can be sown about 1/2 inch deep. Early carrots should be thinned to 3 inches apart; main crop carrots should be thinned to 1.5 inches. Weeds should be removed regularly once the carrots have germinated. Watering is needed every two to three weeks. Watch out for pests and diseases. ____20____ Protect against carrot rust flies by surrounding the patch of young carrots with a protective barrier 2 to 3 feet high. Use either fine netting or plastic as barriers. Early carrots can be harvested about seven to nine weeks after sowing and main crop carrots should be harvested after ten to eleven weeks. A. There are many varieties. B. They are good to people’s eyes. C. After about a week, the seeds come out. D. They are a long-pointed orange root vegetable. E. Carrots are grown in an open site in fertile soil. F. Carrot rust flies can be a serious problem for carrots. G. Main crop types can be sown from late spring to early summer. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了胡萝卜的种植方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Most of us are familiar with carrots.(我们大多数人都熟悉胡萝卜)”以及后文“They are a cool-season crop that can tolerate low temperatures.(它们是一种寒季作物，能忍受低温)”可知，本句是在介绍胡萝卜的特点，D选项They指代上文carrots。D选项“它们是一种长尖的橙色根茎蔬菜。”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Firstly we should ensure that the soil used for deep-rooted types is free of stones. Mix the soil with organic matter, especially during the fall season before sowing.(首先，我们应该确保用于深根类型的土壤没有石头。将土壤与有机质混合，特别是在播种前的秋季)”可知，本段主要说明了胡萝卜如何种植，E选项“胡萝卜种植在肥沃的土地上”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Then we should choose a variety of carrots after the soil is prepared.(然后我们应该在土壤准备好之后选择各种胡萝卜)”以及后文“The early ones are usually small, slender and are eaten while they are young; the main crop types are larger and are eaten fresh or stored.(早期的胡萝卜通常又小又细，很小的时候就被吃掉了；主要作物类型较大，可新鲜食用或储存)”可知，本段主要说明了胡萝卜的选种问题，A选项“有很多品种”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Early types should be sown in spring as soon as the soil is workable. They may also be sown under covers, though the covers should be removed after a few weeks.(早播品种应该在春天土壤适宜的时候播种。它们也可以在覆盖物下播种，尽管覆盖物应该在几周后移除)”可知，本段主要说明了胡萝卜的播种季节。G选项“主要作物类型可在春末至夏初播种”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Weeds should be removed regularly once the carrots have germinated. Watering is needed every two to three weeks. Watch out for pests and diseases.(胡萝卜发芽后，应定期清除杂草。每两到三周需要浇水一次。当心病虫害)”以及后文“Protect against carrot rust flies by surrounding the patch of young carrots with a protective barrier 2 to 3 feet high. Use either fine netting or plastic as barriers.( 2到3英尺高的屏障将胡萝卜苗围起来，以防止胡萝卜锈病蝇。使用细网或塑料作为屏障)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明对胡萝卜有害的胡萝卜锈病蝇。F选项“胡萝卜锈蝇对胡萝卜来说是一个严重的问题”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A young and successful businessman was traveling down neighborhood street a little too fast in his new car. He was____21____kids rushing out from between parked cars and slowed down when he saw something. As his car passed, one child appeared, and a ____22____ smashed into the car’s side door. He slammed(猛地一下) on the brakes and turned the car round back to the____23____ from where the brick had been thrown. He jumped out of the car, grabbed some kid, ____24____ “What was that all about? ” “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is gonna cost a lot of ____25____. ” “I’m sorry, but I didn’t know what else to do!” begged the youngster. “It’s my brother. He ____26____his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.” The boy asked ____27____ “Would you please help me? He’s____28____ and he’s too heavy for me.” Moved beyond words, the ____29____ tried to lift the young man back into the wheelchair and ____30____the young man to see that everything was okay. The ____31____ child said thanks to him. The man then watched the little boy ____32____ his brother to the sidewalk toward their home. He never did____33____ the side door. He kept the dent(凹痕) to ____34____him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your ____35____. 21. A. waiting for B. searching for C. looking for D. watching for 22. A. fly B. stone C. brick D. handle 23. A. spot B. street C. sidewalk D. neighborhood 24. A. declaiming B. shouting C. asking D. speaking 25. A. time B. energy C. money D. trouble 26. A. fell down B. fell off C. fell out D. fell over 27. A. determinedly B. sincerely C. hesitantly D. sadly 28. A. hurt B. burnt C. wounded D. harmed 29. A. passer-by B. neighbor C. boy D. driver 30. A. checked on B. fixed on C. insisted on D. held on 31. A. shameful B. careful C. helpful D. grateful 32. A. take B. carry C. push D. put 33. A. open B. repair C. paint D. replace 34. A. influence B. teach C. remind D. accompany 35. A. attention B. challenge C. business D. life 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位年轻而成功的商人正开着他的新车以有点快的速度沿着附近的街道行驶，在他经过时，一个小孩朝他的车扔了砖块。随后，这名成功的商人下车后了解到，男孩的哥哥从轮椅上掉了下来，因为男孩太小不能把哥哥扶回轮椅，所以男孩只能用这个方式引起司机的注意。司机被男孩的话所感动，最终帮助把男孩的哥哥抱回轮椅，男孩推着哥哥回家了。这位成功的商人保留了侧门的凹痕，作为对自己的提醒。提醒自己不要把生活过得太匆忙，以至于需要别人向你扔砖头才能引起你的注意。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他留意着孩子们从停着的车中间冲出来，当他看到什么东西时就放慢了速度。A. waiting for等待；B. searching for寻找；C. looking for寻找；D. watching for密切注意；提防。根据下文“ when he saw something.”可知，他注意着孩子们从停着的车中间冲出来。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的车经过时，一个孩子出现了，一块砖头砸进了车的侧门。A. fly苍蝇；B. stone石头；C. brick砖块；D. handle手柄。根据下文“where the brick had been thrown”可知，这里指一块砖头砸进了车的侧门。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他猛踩刹车，把车转回扔砖头的地方。A. spot地点；场所；B. street街道；C. sidewalk人行道；D. neighborhood街区；临近的地方。根据上文“turned the car round back to the”及下文“where the brick had been thrown”可知，这里指他把车掉头停在了砖头扔出的地方。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跳出车外，抓住一个小孩，大喊“这是怎么回事？” A. declaiming慷慨陈词；B. shouting大喊；斥责；怒骂；C. asking询问；D. speaking说话。根据上文“As his car passed, one child appeared, and a 　　 smashed into the car’s side door.”可知，在他把车开过时，一个小孩用砖块砸了他的车，这种情形下，他应该是生气的，所以此处指他抓住小孩，大声斥责小孩。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“那是辆新车，你扔的那块砖头要花很多钱！” A. time时间；B. energy精力；能量；C. money钱；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文“a 　　smashed into the car’s side door”及下文“That’s a new car”可知，扔出的砖头砸在了车的侧门上，造成的擦痕要花很多钱维修。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他从轮椅上摔了下来，我没办法把他扶起来。A. fell down失败；倒塌；B. fell off跌落；下降；C. fell out争吵；解散；D. fell over被……绊倒。根据下文“I can’t lift him up”可知，这里指孩子的哥哥从轮椅上掉下来。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：男孩伤心地问：“你能帮帮我吗?”A. determinedly坚定地；坚决地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. sadly难过地。根据上文“He 　　　his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.”及“Would you please help me”可知，看到哥哥从轮椅上掉下来，自己想帮忙又帮不了，所以男孩应该是难过地。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他受伤了，他太重了，我扛不动他。A. hurt受伤的；痛苦的； B. burnt被烧毁的； C. wounded（战争中）受伤的； D. harmed被伤害的；根据上文“He 　　　his wheelchair”可知，男孩的哥哥从轮椅上掉了下来，所以此处指男孩的哥哥受伤了。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话让司机深受感动，他试着把年轻人抱回轮椅上，并检查了一下年轻人是否一切正常。A. passer-by过路人；B. neighbor邻居；C. boy男孩；D. driver司机。根据前文“A young and successful businessman was traveling down neighborhood street a little too fast in his new car.”可知，这里指开车的年轻人，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这句话让司机深受感动，他试着把年轻人抱回轮椅上，并检查了一下年轻人是否一切正常。A. checked on查对；检查；B. fixed on固定；C. insisted on坚持；D. held on抓住；等一下。根据下文“to see that everything was okay”可知，此处指这个司机把男孩的哥哥抱回轮椅后，并查看男孩的哥哥的身体状况。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子感激地对他说了声谢谢。A. shameful可耻的；B. careful仔细的；C. helpful有益的；有帮助的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“lift the young man back into the wheelchair ”及下文“ said thanks to him”可知，男孩对司机把他的哥哥抱回轮椅很是感激。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这个人看着小男孩把他的哥哥推到人行道上，朝他们家走去。A. take拿走；B. carry带着；C. push推；D. put放。根据前文内容“lift the young man back into the wheelchair”可知，男孩的哥哥是坐在轮椅上，所以此处指男孩推着他的哥哥往家的方向走。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从未修过侧门。A. open打开；B. repair修理；C. paint油漆；D. replace替换。根据下文“He kept the dent”可知，司机把男孩用砖块砸在车门上的凹痕保留着，即说明他没有修理被砸的车门。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他保留着那个凹痕，是为了提醒自己不要把生活过得太匆忙，以至于需要别人向你扔砖头才能引起你的注意。A. influence影响；B. teach教；C. remind提醒；D. accompany陪伴。根据上文“He kept the dent(凹痕) to ”及下文“not to go through life so fast”可知，他保留凹痕是为了提醒自己。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：他保留着那个凹痕，是为了提醒自己不要把生活过得太匆忙，以至于需要别人向你扔砖头才能引起你的注意。A. attention注意；B. challenge挑战；C. business生意；D. life生活。根据上文““I’m sorry, but I didn’t know what else to do!” ”可知，男孩为了让司机帮助他，用砖块砸车来引起司机的注意。所以此处指扔砖来引起你的注意。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As for the origin of Duan Wu Festival, there have been some ____36____ (argue), but the one accepted by the people in general is related with Qu Yuan and Duan Wu customs ____37____ (come) down over a long history. When Qu Yuan threw ____38____ (him) into the river, people ____39____ had learned of it rushed their boats over, trying to save him, but he was nowhere to ____40____ (find). Dragon boat race is an ____41____ (extreme) attractive ceremony held on Duan Wu to show how the ____42____ (worry) boatmen in their desperate efforts tried to save him from being drowned. Every year the Dragon boat races held on the Milo River attract hundreds of thousands of people to watch. ____43____ the morning of Duan Wu, the local people, dressed in their best clothes, will carry the movable dragon heads and swarm to Qu Yuan Temple for a sacrifice to him and then stand along the river while dragon boats are pushed into the river one by one. ____44____ the race is about to begin, the dragon head is fixed to the boat, projected high over the water. There are 36 oarsmen in 18 pairs in ____45____ racing-boat’s crew. Each oarsman wears a bamboo hat with ornaments like birds and flowers, a Chinese-style shirt, a pair of trousers and a silk belt. 【答案】36. arguments 37. coming 38. himself 39. who 40. be found 41. extremely 42. worried 43. On 44. When 45. a 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍端午节起源争议，重点讲述屈原与龙舟赛由来及龙舟赛事习俗。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：关于端午节的起源历来存在不少争议，但大众普遍公认的说法都与屈原，以及历经漫长岁月传承下来的端午习俗息息相关。本空作there have been的宾语，前有some修饰，应用名词复数形式arguments“争论”。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：关于端午节的起源历来存在不少争议，但大众普遍公认的说法都与屈原，以及历经漫长岁月传承下来的端午习俗息息相关。customs与come down之间为主动关系，应用现在分词coming作后置定语。 【38题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：当屈原投江时，得知此事的人们驾船赶去营救，却到处都找不到他。本空作threw的宾语，主语Qu Yuan和宾语指代同一人，用反身代词himself。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当屈原投江时，得知此事的人们驾船赶去营救，却到处都找不到他。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who。 【40题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：当屈原投江时，得知此事的人们驾船赶去营救，却到处都找不到他。主语he和find是被动关系，用be found表被动，位于不定式符号to后，be用原形。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：龙舟赛是端午节极具吸引力的仪式，展现焦急的船夫奋力救屈原的场景。本空修饰形容词attractive，作状语，应用副词extremely“极其”。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：龙舟赛是端午节极具吸引力的仪式，展现焦急的船夫奋力救屈原的场景。本空修饰名词boatmen，表示“担忧的”，应用形容词worried。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：在端午节当天早上，当地人穿着最好的衣服，抬着可移动的龙头，涌向屈子祠祭拜他，然后站在河边，看着龙舟一艘接一艘地被推入河中。具体某一天的早晨前用介词on，句首单词，首字母大写。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：比赛即将开始时，龙头被固定在船上，高高探出水面。本空引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用when，位于句首首字母大写。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一艘龙舟上有36名桨手，共18对。这里泛指“一艘龙舟”，racing的首个音素为辅音，所以用不定冠词a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，拟邀请外教Smith先生暑假期间到你的家乡参观游览。请你写一封邀请函，要点如下： 1．享受免费住宿(accommodation)； 2．游览名胜古迹； 3．品尝特色小吃(snack)； 4．感受当地历史、文化和风土人情。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to make a tour of my hometown during the summer vacation, which is famous as a hot destination for tourists. For your convenience, free accommodation will be available in my house. Time permitting, I strongly recommend adoring diverse historical sites here. The places of interest in my hometown are too numerous to mention, which are endowed with significant meanings and good wishes. What’s more, you can taste the snacks with local features. I believe you will take delight in experiencing the local history, culture and customs here. I’d be glad if you could accept my invitation. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生邀请外教Smith先生暑假期间到自己的家乡参观游览。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 游览，旅行：tour → trip 假期：vacation → holiday 出名的：famous → well-known 提及：mention → refer to 2. 句式拓展 句式转换 原句：Time permitting, I strongly recommend adoring diverse historical sites here. 转换句：If time permits, I strongly recommend adoring diverse historical sites here. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to make a tour of my hometown during the summer vacation, which is famous as a hot destination for tourists.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Time permitting, I strongly recommend adoring diverse historical sites here.（运用了独立主格结构） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。 A narrow escape A holiday in Penang is an annual affair for my family. My parents grew up in Penang and are very fond of Penang food. In December every year, we drive up to the island to spend three days visiting their favorite food spots. This year, we started our journey up north on a Friday morning. The drive was interrupted by stops at Bidor Town and Kampar so it took us six hours to reach our destination. We stayed at one of the hotels in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was just a short walk from the hotel entrance and our rooms had a lovely view of the sea. We spent our first evening playing on the beach. After dinner, we returned to our rooms to play Monopoly. My parents have a rule for our holidays which is that we should spend time doing things together. There was to be no TV and no Internet. The next morning, we went to Bukit Bendera and then spent the rest of the afternoon in town visiting our favorite hawker stalls (小贩摊位). As we were having tea at a shop, we overheard people talking about an earthquake near Sumatera, an island in Indonesia. But we didn’t care too much. Afterwards we headed back to the hotel and then went to the beach. We took a walk along the beach, picking up seashells along the way. Suddenly, I noticed a strange thing. The sea seemed to be retreating (后退) from the shore. I felt a little uneasy, so I asked my father to look at the curious occurrence. My father took one look and went pale. We saw a grey line in the distance moving towards the shore. It seemed to grow taller by the second. It was a tsunami (海啸)! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 My farther should shouted at us to run back to the hotel. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We waited a long time before going downstairs. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. He grabbed my hand and pulled me with him. As we reached the hotel hall, I heard a very loud sound behind us. Dad pushed us towards the stairs. When we reached the second floor we heard the noise of rushing water and glass breaking. Dad yelled at us to keep climbing. The water level rose so fast that it wet my feet as I ran the last few steps to the third floor. We stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the water below us. It had stopped rising. After some minutes, it began to drop. We waited a long time before going downstairs. The hotel hall was unrecognizable. There was dirt and broken furniture scattered everywhere. Some people who were caught in the tsunami were either unconscious or groaning with pain. Only then did I realize what a narrow escape we had had. Dad called an ambulance and we helped the staff carry the injured. Other people cleared up the broken furniture. With our joint efforts, the hotel hall was back to its original condition. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家喜欢去海滩度假，一次在海边散步时，作者发现了大海的异常，海啸发生了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我父亲大声叫我们跑回旅馆”可知，第一段可描写父亲看到风雨欲袭的场面后，想方设法带领全家人脱险。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们等了很长时间才下楼”可知，第二段可描写海水退去后旅馆一片狼藉的景象和我们帮忙收拾，最终使得旅馆大厅恢复了原样。 2.续写线索： 在父亲带领下逃生——海啸退却——旅馆一片狼藉——灾后感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①对……大喊：yell at/cry out/shout at ②抓住：grab/seize/hold ③下降：drop/fall 情绪类 ①痛苦地：with pain/painfully ②响亮的，大声的：loud/clangorous/ringing 【点睛】[高分句型1] Some people who were caught in the tsunami were either unconscious or groaning with pain.(运用了who引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Only then did I realize what a narrow escape we had had.(运用了倒装句和what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2023-2024学年度下学期2023级(高一)假期自主测验(四) (英语)试题 (试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which of the following is sold out? A. Oranges. B. Strawberries. C. Pears. 2. What season is it now? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer. 3. What does the boy plan to do at the talent show? A. Read a poem. B. Perform a play. C. Sing a song. 4. What is the woman going to do first? A. Go back home. B. Take exercise. C. Have a big meal. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A beautiful country. B. Some works of art. C. A kind of Chinese food. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was Lucy angry at the man yesterday? A. He broke her mirror. B. He forgot to turn off the tap. C. He got her clothes wet. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Surprised. B. Thankful. C. Sorry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a school. B. In a law firm. C. At a police station. 9. What will Eric do next? A. Give a lesson. B. Attend a meeting. C. Drive to work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does Carson do to be less homesick? A. Take up some sports. B. Make new friends. C. Talk with his family online. 11. What did Carson’s neighbor invite him to do next week? A. Do grocery shopping. B. Visit her garden. C. Go for a picnic. 12. How does Carson go to work? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 13. Who might Carson be? A. An engineer. B. A fashion designer. C. A businessman. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man mention the character Rachel in Friends? A. To explain “birthday blues” is mainly from the fear of getting older. B. To explain why people always look forward to their birthdays. C. To explain why some people hate being noticed by others. 15. What did the man do on his birthday last year? A. He held a birthday party. B. He went to a nursing home. C. He looked after some animals. 16. When will the woman have a yard sale? A. On December 20th. B. On December 23rd. C. On December 30th. 17. What does the woman think of the man? A. He’s shy. B. He’s honest. C. He’s helpful. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about at the beginning of the talk? A. The popularity of Harry Potter. B. J. K. Rowling’s school life. C. His love of Harry Potter. 19. What is an advantage of printed books according to Naomi S. Baron? A. They can add more pleasure to reading. B. Their content is typically more meaningful. C. Fewer language mistakes can be found in them. 20. What percentage of participants checked social media often while reading? A.45%. B.50%. C.67% 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It can be really hard to learn a language well without living in a country full of native speakers! You have to find something interesting! Here’s the solution: TV Series. Game of Thrones You should really start watching it. The language is beautiful and easy to understand. Drama, love and good characters mark the show and there are actors from all around the world. You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending. This is a must-see! Sherlock A British masterpiece. Is there any language learner who has not heard of Sherlock Holmes and his friend John Watson? The writers placed the stories into London in the 21st century, so it’s basically a modern version of the original stories. Here you have everything that an English language learner could wish for: British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a lot of humour. Friends Everybody knows Friends, which couldn’t be missed off of this list. With many different accents to be heard and lots of dialects, this is the perfect show for English learners. The plot is relatively simple to understand. Six friends battle with tough jobs, complicated relationships and life in Manhattan, New York. In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn. How I Met Your Mother It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all around the world. Ifs about the life of five friends that live in New York, focusing on their work and their favorite free time activity: sitting in their favorite bar. You get to know many modern American expressions and can enjoy a lot of dialects that make the show even more interesting. 1. Which of the following has an unexpected ending? A. Friends. B. Sherlock. C. Games of Thrones. D. How J Met Your Mother. 2. What can audience learn from both Sherlock and Friends! A. British accents. B. Humorous conversations. C. American dialects. D. Wonderful performances. 3. What do we know about How I Met Your Mother! A. It is about five American students. B. It attracts audience from all over the world. C. There are many formal expressions in the show. D. It’s the only successful sitcoms in the United States. B They say that Mexico is a country no one ever leaves. Every year, millions of tourists pass through, and Mexicans happily warn that a part of them will remain behind forever. Most visitors are vacationing North Americans who end up on the brilliant beaches of Cancun, Acapulco, Mazatlan, and Puerto Vallarta. The beaches, of course, are among the world’s best – but those who venture inland are rewarded with the true soul of Mexico. And it is a big soul. The Republic of Mexico is vast, consisting of nearly two million square miles of coastline, desert, rain forest, mountains and fertile plains. From the American borderlands of the wide, agriculturally rich north, the country narrows gently as it sweeps south and east. The two main mountain ranges, the Sierra Madre Occidental and the Sierra Madre Oriental, hug the west and east, finally merging into the volcanically active central highlands and the capital, Mexico City – the most populous city in the world. Further south, the country narrows to only 100 miles, then broadens again before reaching the Guatemalan border. There are two major peninsulas (半岛) in Mexico: the Baja Peninsula to the west and the Yucatan peninsula to the east. The population is about 106 million, and the generosity (宽宏大量的) of the Mexican people is unsurpassed. Knowing a few simple sentences in Spanish will win hearts. Mexico has been graced with an unusually temperate climate all year round. The most important thing to remember is that the Mexican summer is also the rainy season, although the rain rarely lasts more than a few hours, and typically arrives in the late afternoon. Extremes are present only in the north and in Baja, both of which have deserts where the temperature leaps above 100℉. Mexico City has a year-round temperature in the high 80s, while the coasts usually stay in the mid-90s. Night time temperatures fall somewhat, but rarely break down below a comfortable 60℉. 4. What’s the author’s writing purpose? A. To introduce Mexico. B. To appeal people to travel in Mexico C. To tell the beauty and ugliness of Mexico. D. To make people aware of the extreme conditions of Mexico. 5. The underlined world “unsurpassed” in the third paragraph probably means “________”. A. remarkable B. limited C. traditional D. unspoken 6. You may suffer extreme temperatures if you go to ________. A. the east B. the west C. the south D. the north 7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Geography. B. History. C. Language. D. Climate. C Biologists in the United States are sounding an alarm about a deadly disease that has been attacking a quiet, intelligent animal: the bat. The disease, called white-nose syndrome, is an infection caused by a fungus (真菌) that attack the nose, wings, and other skin areas on the bodies of bats while they are hibernating (冬眠) in large groups in their caves. The disease was first discovered in a New York cave in the winter of 2006, and it is spreading quickly. Infected caves have been discovered in 19 states and in Canada. Scientists have discovered that the source is a strain of a cold-loving fungus usually found in polar regions. They are not sure how the fungus kills bats. One theory is that the fungus causes discomfort. The bats began to become upset and partially wake up from hibernation. This activity causes them to burn precious stored body fat and die of starvation. Experts estimate that over 5. 5 million bats across nine species have disappeared because of the disease. Wildlife experts fear that if the infection spreads to more bat populations in the Southeast and Midwest, endangered bat species, such as the Indiana bat and Virginia big-eared bat, may be in grave danger of extinction. Why should Americans care about the loss of these creatures? In warm months, bat fly at night, eating up to their body weight in insects. They control the populations of insects that bite, eat crops, destroy forests, and spread disease. Because of this, the United States government is getting involved. It has heard announcements from bat experts and is taking seriously their pleas (请愿) for funding to study the disease. The possibility of what one lawmaker called “an ecological and economic disaster” is very real if the deadly disease spreads further. 8. What causes white-nose syndrome among the bats? A. Ecological pollution. B. A cold-loving fungus. C. The freezing climate. D. The lack of food. 9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Where the experts discovered the disease. B. Why the bats’ hibernation is disturbed. C. How the fungus possibly affects bats. D. What contributed to the concern of the experts. 10. What is the main concern about the extinction of the bat in the US? A. The imbalance of the ecosystem. B. The destruction of the forests. C. The spread of the disease. D. The decrease of the insect population. 11. What is the US government most likely to do in the future? A. To introduce laws to protect bats. B. To appeal to people to stay away from infected bats. C. To declare the coming of an ecological disaster D. To approve funding for bat disease research. D The Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport announced that the capital will build 20 cycle tracks connecting popular tourist sites and another 20 linking the countryside. Also, all roads that are wider than 12 meters must have cycle lanes (车道). It is good of the city’s transport department to care for cyclists. Cycling is, without doubt, one of the greenest ways of traveling. It uses no gas, so there are no carbon emissions (碳排放), and it also helps the cyclists become strong and reduce fat. That’s why, in this age of automobiles, bicycles have suddenly become a popular means of transport. Today people ride cycles not for shortage of other means of transport, but for their own health. Data show that over 100 million people ride bicycles as a kind of sport. However, to encourage more people to choose this green means of transport, good bicycle lanes are a necessity. Anybody with any cycling experience must have come across the following problems at some point of time; that there might be no cycle lanes beyond a certain point, or that the signs for cyclists might become unclear; worst of all, there might be whole rows of cars parked on the bicycle lanes or cyclists might have to compete with cars on the same lane. The law prevents parking on bicycle lanes, but some car owners couldn’t care less. The law gives cyclists right of passage over automobile drivers, but that is often forgotten. With automobiles pushing cyclists to one side of the road, cycling often loses its attraction. Sometimes people prefer cycling on exercise bikes indoors than on the roads. To make cycling a pleasurable experience, the governments need to do their jobs better. Apart from designing new bicycle lanes, they should also take effective actions to protect the rights of cyclists and make the sport more enjoyable. 12. Which advantage of cycling is not mentioned in this passage? A. Cycling can help lose weight. B. Cycling is environment-friendly. C. Cycling can help build up bodies. D. Cycling can reduce heavy traffic. 13. Why are good bicycle lanes necessary? A. To call on more people to ride bikes. B. To prevent parking on bicycle lanes. C. To compete with cars on the same lane. D. To encourage people to cycle on exercise bikes. 14. What is the author’s attitude to building cycle tracks in Beijing? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Unclear. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Cycling, new workout trend B. No more parking on bicycle lanes C. Here come the cyclists, make room D. Cycle tracks to be widened in Beijing 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分。) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Most of us are familiar with carrots. ____16____ They are a cool-season crop that can tolerate low temperatures. ____17____ Firstly we should ensure that the soil used for deep-rooted types is free of stones. Mix the soil with organic matter, especially during the fall season before sowing. Then we should choose a variety of carrots after the soil is prepared. ____18____The early ones are usually small, slender and are eaten while they are young; the main crop types are larger and are eaten fresh or stored. Early types should be sown in spring as soon as the soil is workable. They may also be sown under covers, though the covers should be removed after a few weeks. ____19____Carrot seeds can be sown about 1/2 inch deep. Early carrots should be thinned to 3 inches apart; main crop carrots should be thinned to 1.5 inches. Weeds should be removed regularly once the carrots have germinated. Watering is needed every two to three weeks. Watch out for pests and diseases. ____20____ Protect against carrot rust flies by surrounding the patch of young carrots with a protective barrier 2 to 3 feet high. Use either fine netting or plastic as barriers. Early carrots can be harvested about seven to nine weeks after sowing and main crop carrots should be harvested after ten to eleven weeks. A. There are many varieties. B. They are good to people’s eyes. C. After about a week, the seeds come out. D. They are a long-pointed orange root vegetable. E. Carrots are grown in an open site in fertile soil. F. Carrot rust flies can be a serious problem for carrots. G. Main crop types can be sown from late spring to early summer. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A young and successful businessman was traveling down neighborhood street a little too fast in his new car. He was____21____kids rushing out from between parked cars and slowed down when he saw something. As his car passed, one child appeared, and a ____22____ smashed into the car’s side door. He slammed(猛地一下) on the brakes and turned the car round back to the____23____ from where the brick had been thrown. He jumped out of the car, grabbed some kid, ____24____ “What was that all about? ” “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is gonna cost a lot of ____25____. ” “I’m sorry, but I didn’t know what else to do!” begged the youngster. “It’s my brother. He ____26____his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.” The boy asked ____27____ “Would you please help me? He’s____28____ and he’s too heavy for me.” Moved beyond words, the ____29____ tried to lift the young man back into the wheelchair and ____30____the young man to see that everything was okay. The ____31____ child said thanks to him. The man then watched the little boy ____32____ his brother to the sidewalk toward their home. He never did____33____ the side door. He kept the dent(凹痕) to ____34____him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your ____35____. 21. A. waiting for B. searching for C. looking for D. watching for 22. A. fly B. stone C. brick D. handle 23. A. spot B. street C. sidewalk D. neighborhood 24. A. declaiming B. shouting C. asking D. speaking 25. A. time B. energy C. money D. trouble 26. A. fell down B. fell off C. fell out D. fell over 27. A. determinedly B. sincerely C. hesitantly D. sadly 28. A. hurt B. burnt C. wounded D. harmed 29. A. passer-by B. neighbor C. boy D. driver 30. A. checked on B. fixed on C. insisted on D. held on 31. A. shameful B. careful C. helpful D. grateful 32. A. take B. carry C. push D. put 33. A. open B. repair C. paint D. replace 34. A. influence B. teach C. remind D. accompany 35. A. attention B. challenge C. business D. life 第二节 语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As for the origin of Duan Wu Festival, there have been some ____36____ (argue), but the one accepted by the people in general is related with Qu Yuan and Duan Wu customs ____37____ (come) down over a long history. When Qu Yuan threw ____38____ (him) into the river, people ____39____ had learned of it rushed their boats over, trying to save him, but he was nowhere to ____40____ (find). Dragon boat race is an ____41____ (extreme) attractive ceremony held on Duan Wu to show how the ____42____ (worry) boatmen in their desperate efforts tried to save him from being drowned. Every year the Dragon boat races held on the Milo River attract hundreds of thousands of people to watch. ____43____ the morning of Duan Wu, the local people, dressed in their best clothes, will carry the movable dragon heads and swarm to Qu Yuan Temple for a sacrifice to him and then stand along the river while dragon boats are pushed into the river one by one. ____44____ the race is about to begin, the dragon head is fixed to the boat, projected high over the water. There are 36 oarsmen in 18 pairs in ____45____ racing-boat’s crew. Each oarsman wears a bamboo hat with ornaments like birds and flowers, a Chinese-style shirt, a pair of trousers and a silk belt. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，拟邀请外教Smith先生暑假期间到你的家乡参观游览。请你写一封邀请函，要点如下： 1．享受免费住宿(accommodation)； 2．游览名胜古迹； 3．品尝特色小吃(snack)； 4．感受当地历史、文化和风土人情。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。 A narrow escape A holiday in Penang is an annual affair for my family. My parents grew up in Penang and are very fond of Penang food. In December every year, we drive up to the island to spend three days visiting their favorite food spots. This year, we started our journey up north on a Friday morning. The drive was interrupted by stops at Bidor Town and Kampar so it took us six hours to reach our destination. We stayed at one of the hotels in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was just a short walk from the hotel entrance and our rooms had a lovely view of the sea. We spent our first evening playing on the beach. After dinner, we returned to our rooms to play Monopoly. My parents have a rule for our holidays which is that we should spend time doing things together. There was to be no TV and no Internet. The next morning, we went to Bukit Bendera and then spent the rest of the afternoon in town visiting our favorite hawker stalls (小贩摊位). As we were having tea at a shop, we overheard people talking about an earthquake near Sumatera, an island in Indonesia. But we didn’t care too much. Afterwards we headed back to the hotel and then went to the beach. We took a walk along the beach, picking up seashells along the way. Suddenly, I noticed a strange thing. The sea seemed to be retreating (后退) from the shore. I felt a little uneasy, so I asked my father to look at the curious occurrence. My father took one look and went pale. We saw a grey line in the distance moving towards the shore. It seemed to grow taller by the second. It was a tsunami (海啸)! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 My farther should shouted at us to run back to the hotel. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We waited a long time before going downstairs. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $