Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元语法（定语从句之关系代词）-2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句关系代词，通过语法填空与完成句子双向训练，系统覆盖关系代词选择规则及特殊用法，提升语言运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|40题|选择恰当关系代词填空|从先行词类型（人/物/不定代词等）到关系代词在从句中成分（主/宾/定语），逐步构建关系代词选择的完整逻辑链| |完成句子|10题|根据中文提示补全含定语从句的句子|结合语境考查关系代词实际应用，强化语言理解与表达的思维品质|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句之关系代词 一、语法填空 1．What’s the address of the factory advertisement we noticed the other day? 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们前几天注意到其广告的那家工厂的地址是什么？分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the factory，且和从句中的advertisement之间是所属关系，表示“那家工厂的广告”，所以应用whose引导从句。故填whose。 2．At the bus station, you will find taxis you can take to reach your host family. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在汽车站，你会找到出租车，你可以乘坐出租车到达你的寄宿家庭。分析句子结构，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词taxis，指物，且在从句中作take的宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。故填which或that。 3．But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。空处为限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为a place，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 4．In an hour, we can travel to places would have taken our ancestors days to reach. 【答案】which /that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一个小时内，我们可以到达我们的祖先需要几天才能到达的地方。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词places，为物，故使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 5．The monument was the first place they went to visit while they were in China. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：纪念碑是他们在中国时参观的第一个地方。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是place，指物，被the first修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that，故填that。 6．They showed us around the factory is equipped with modern facilities. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们带我们参观了配备现代化设施的工厂。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the factory，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用which或that引导。故填which/that。 7．An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area interact with one another. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生态系统由一个区域内的生物和非生物相互作用组成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是living and nonliving things，在从句中作主语，因为先行词既包含有生命的又包含无生命的，只能用that引导。故填that。 8．I’ve become good friends with the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. 【答案】who/whom/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我和去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的几位同学成了好朋友。此处是定语从句，先行词是the students，指人，在从句中做met的宾语，用关系代词whom/who/that。故填whom/who/that。 9．Given the fast pace of the job market now, 21st century employees are faced with challenges their parents never experienced. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：鉴于现在就业市场的快节奏，21世纪的员工面临着他们的父辈从未经历过的挑战。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词challenges，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导句子，故填that/which。 10．He used to explain things seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。定语从句修饰先行词things，在从句中作主语，指物，用that或which。故填that/which。 11．Anything goes against the laws of nature will receive severe punishments from nature. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何有悖自然规律的事情都会受到大自然的严厉惩罚。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词Anything，在从句中作主语，因先行词Anything是不定代词，故用that引导该定语从句。故填that。 12．At the party，they talked about the things and people were still in their memory. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在聚会上，他们谈论了那些仍然留在他们记忆中的事情和人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句， 先行词things and people既有人又有物，并在从句中作主语，应该使用that引导定语从句，故填that。 13．We’re collecting money for those homes were destroyed by the hurricane (飓风)． 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们正在为那些房屋被飓风摧毁的人募捐。定语从句修饰先行词those，在从句中作定语，应用whose引导从句。故填whose。 14．Of all my teachers, Mr.Smith is the one impresses me most. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我所有的老师中，史密斯先生是给我印象最深的一个人。此处应该填入定语从句的引导词，先行词是the one代指“人”，且在从句中作为主语，故填who。 15．Moved by the story of the girl eyesight was affected by the disease, all the students were moved to tears. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：被那个视力受到疾病影响的女孩的故事所感动，所有的学生都感动得流下了眼泪。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词girl，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和eyesight之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 16．The Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded annually to an author from any country has produced “in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction”. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：诺贝尔文学奖每年颁发给任何具有“文学领域最杰出的理想作品”的国家的作家。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an author ，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词who引导，故填who。 17．The most popular reading material is comic books, movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic car washes have. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最受欢迎的阅读材料是漫画书、电影杂志和电视指南。城市图书馆的客流量只有洗车店的10%。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traffic，关系词在从句作宾语，指物，故填which/that。 18．The morning meal was our quiet hour. At noon, several chanced to be passing by stopped to rest, and to share our luncheon with us. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：早饭是我们安静的时间。中午，几个碰巧路过的人停下来休息，和我们一起吃午饭。分析句子可知，　　　　 chanced to be passing by为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词several（几个人），空处缺少的是主语成分，先行词表示人，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 19．Children’s engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan a year on lessons for their children. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们对游戏的投入会增加。在中国，高尔夫被认为是一种教育孩子重要生活原则的运动。幼儿园为孩子提供免费的高尔夫训练，一些家长现在准备每年花30万元让孩子上高尔夫课。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导定语从句的关系词，因空后从句缺少主语，故应为先行词“a game”，为物，在从句中充当主语。故填which/that。 20．The parking meters are installed in streets to record and show the time a driver has paid for is finished. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：停车计时器安装在街道上，记录和显示司机已付完停车费的时间。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少介词for的宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词the time指事物。故填that/which。 21．Something that happens in your daily life will change the way you look at the world. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：日常生活中发生的一些事情会改变你看待世界的方式。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为the way，用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 22．He is the young scientist name is known all over the country. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是那位闻名全国的年轻科学家。定语从句中缺少定语成分，先行词scientist与name之间是所属关系，应用whose引导从句。故填whose。 23．Donald survived when the car he was in crashed into a truck from the opposite side. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当唐纳德乘坐的汽车撞上对面的一辆卡车时，他活了下来。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the car，关系词在从句中做宾语，指物，应用that引导，故填that。 24．They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children shoes were held together with string was a surprise. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们穿着昂贵的衣服。因此，对于他们来说，搬到科罗拉多州的埃尔克黑德来指导那些用绳子把鞋子系在一起的孩子们是一个惊喜。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词children，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和shoes之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 25．Around me in the picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：照片中在我身边的是那时我生活中非常重要的东西：汽车杂志和乐器。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the things，指物，关系词在从句中作主语。可以用that或which引导定语从句。故填that或which。 26．If you come across a term of the meaning you have forgotten, please look it up in the dictionary. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你遇到一个忘记了意思的术语，请查字典。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是term，指物，关系词位于介词of之后，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 27．This is a small house, under roof lives a large family of three generations. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一栋小房子，屋檐下住着一个三代人的大家庭。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为house，根据从句结构分析可知，从句中缺少定语，此处需要使用关系代词whose作定语。故填whose。 28．Conformity(从众) means behaviour that is the same as the way most other people behave. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从众是指与大多数人的行为方式相同。分析句子结构可知，该句是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词the way（方式）指物，且有the same修饰时，只能使用代词that在从句中作宾语。故填that。 29．This was an amazing and rewarding activity of first aid made a deep impression on every student in our grade. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一次精彩而有益的急救活动，给我们年级的每个学生都留下了深刻的印象。空处引导定语从句，先行词activity，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 30．Judging from my own experience, I want to say a few words to those who have the same trouble I have. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据我自己的经验，我想对那些和我有同样困难的人说几句话。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the same trouble，先行词有the same修饰时，如果是指同一个事物，关系词用that，如果是指同一类事物，用as。此处指同一类困难，故填as。 31．College is a s small society gives you the chance to meet different people. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大学是一个小型社会，给予你结识不同的人的机会。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词society，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 32．After school, there were many clubs to join and the one   attracted me most was the Rugby Club. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：放学后，有很多俱乐部可以加入，其中最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。the one作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且定语从句由关系代词that引导。故答案为that。 33．68 Chinese cultural relics had been taken to the UK recently were returned to their homeland. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：近日，68件被运往英国的中国文物被运回祖国。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词relics指物，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词that或者which，故填that/which。 34．Li Bai was a Chinese poet praised from his own day to the present as a romantic figure took traditional poetic forms to new heights. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：李白是一位从他自己的时代到现在都被誉为浪漫主义人物的中国诗人，他将传统诗歌形式提升到了一个新的高度。分析句子结构，________ took traditional poetic forms to new heights在句中作定语，修饰名词figure，从句中缺主语，所以用who或that引导该定语从句。故填who或that。 35．When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl was willing to make friends with me. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我还是一个笨手笨脚的小学生时，她是一个很受欢迎的女孩，愿意和我交朋友。句中先行词为the popular girl，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 36．The little boy parents had been seriously injured in a car accident had no choice but to live with his aunt. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个小男孩的父母在车祸中受了重伤，他别无选择，只能和姨妈住在一起。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，代替先行词boy在从句中作parents的定语，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 37．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of the villagers lives were affected. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本书从生活受到影响的村民的角度讲述了地震的故事。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是villagers，关系词替代先行词，和lives是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 38．Obviously, any child receives patient teaching over a long period is likely to improve. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：显然，长时间内接受耐心的教导的任何孩子都有可能提高。分析句子可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词child，指人，关系词从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或者that引导。故填who或that。 39．To mark the 140th anniversary of the school, the school magazine launched a writing contest theme is celebrating the remarkable achievements. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：为纪念建校140周年，学校杂志社举办了一场写作比赛，主题是庆祝学校取得的卓越成就。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰指物的先行词a writing contest，且和空后的theme之间是所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose引导该定语从句，在从句中作定语，故填whose。 40．Chinese Teacher’s Day is the very festival celebrates the 2, 300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国教师节正是一个庆祝中国2300年尊师重教传统的节日。空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词festival指物并且前面有the very 修饰，此时使用that不使用which引导定语从句，故填that。 二、完成句子 41．生活在那里的人们，三分之二伤亡。 Two ______ of the people ______ lived there ______ dead or ______. 【答案】 thirds who were injured 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。第一空表示“三分之二”，使用two thirds of；第二空先行词是people，指人，引导定语从句使用who；第三空由lived可知句子使用一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词使用were；第四空表示“受伤的”，使用形容词injured，作表语。故填①thirds；②who；③were；④injured。 42．任何犯法的人都应该受到惩罚。 Anybody ________ ________ the law should be punished. 【答案】 who breaks 【详解】考查定语从句。“犯法”用动词短语break the law表达；句意及句子结构分析可知“犯法的”作定语修饰Anybody，可以用定语从句表达，根据句意以及主句谓语动词“should be punished”可知从句用一般现在时，所以“犯法的”用定语从句who break the law，who在从句中作主语，指代先行词Anybody，谓语动词break用第三人称单数，所以此题中定语从句为who breaks the law，故答案是①who②breaks。 43．最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。 The one _______ _______ _______ _______ was the Rugby Club. 【答案】 that attracted me most 【详解】考查定语从句。“吸引”使用动词attract，分析句子可知，空处是定语从句，先行词是代词one，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that引导，由主句中was可知，从句也用一般过去时，故填①that②attracted③me④most。 44．沉迷于网络的青少年更容易遭受抑郁症。 Teenagers________ ________ ________ ________the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. 【答案】 who are addicted to 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。“沉迷于”可用动词短语be addicted to表示；由句意可知，此处是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语是Teenagers，复数，所以be要用are的形式；“沉迷于网络的”可以用who引导的限制性定语从句表达，修饰先行词Teenagers，在从句中作主语，即who are addicted to。故答案为who；are；addicted；to。 45．I’d like to make friends with people ______________________. 我愿意和言行一致的人交朋友。 【答案】whose actions correspond with their words. 【详解】考查定语从句、名词和固定搭配。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个定语从句，对先行词people进行限定说明；该定语从句中应该用关系代词whose，whose在从句中作定语；“言行一致”翻译为actions correspond with their words。故填whose actions correspond with their words. 46．你对待孩子的方法不明智。 ________ ________ ________ you treat your children is not wise. 【答案】 The way that 【详解】考查名词和定语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“……的方法”，“方法”是The way，“you treat your children”是定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词是The way，因此用that引导定语从句，因此空格处是The way that。故填The，way，that。 47．Snow首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places ________ all those ________ ________ had lived. 【答案】 where who died 【详解】考查定语从句。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导；第二空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who来引导，“死”为动词die，由句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，die应用过去式died。故填①where②who③died。 48．玛丽是我曾见过的最负责任的老师。 Mary is the most responsible teacher ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 that I have ever seen 【详解】考查定语从句。“我曾见过的最负责任的”处理为修饰名词teacher的定语从句，先行词teacher被最高级修饰且在从句中作see的宾语，根据句意和前文is可知，应用现在完成时，主谓一致，表达为that I have ever seen。故空1填that；空2填I；空3填have；空4填ever；空5填seen。 49．老师正宣布一个好消息，这次考试有进步的可以获得一份特别的礼物。 The teacher is announcing a good news that those ________ ________ ________in this exam can get a special gift. 【答案】 who made progress 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。空格1引导定语从句修饰先行词those，指人，在从句中作主语，空格2在从句中作谓语，结合句意应用一般过去时，空格3在从句中作宾语，结合句意“取得进步”为固定短语make progress。故空格1填who；空格2填made；空格3填progress。 50．村里有许多流言蜚语，这对双胞胎之间毫无共同之处。 There are many rumors in the village about the twins ________ ________ ________ in ________ with each other. 【答案】 who have nothing common 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：村里有许多流言蜚语，这对双胞胎之间毫无共同之处。根据汉语提示和空格数可知，“毫无共同之处”可译为：have nothing in common；分析句子结构可知，第一个空格处需要引导定语从句，twins（双胞胎）是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指人，在there be句型中常使用who引导定语从句，从句的谓语动词使用一般现在时，have使用复数形式，故填①who ②have ③nothing ④common。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句之关系代词 一、语法填空 1．What’s the address of the factory advertisement we noticed the other day? 2．At the bus station, you will find taxis you can take to reach your host family. 3．But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 4．In an hour, we can travel to places would have taken our ancestors days to reach. 5．The monument was the first place they went to visit while they were in China. 6．They showed us around the factory is equipped with modern facilities. 7．An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area interact with one another. 8．I’ve become good friends with the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. 9．Given the fast pace of the job market now, 21st century employees are faced with challenges their parents never experienced. 10．He used to explain things seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. 11．Anything goes against the laws of nature will receive severe punishments from nature. 12．At the party，they talked about the things and people were still in their memory. 13．We’re collecting money for those homes were destroyed by the hurricane (飓风)． 14．Of all my teachers, Mr.Smith is the one impresses me most. 15．Moved by the story of the girl eyesight was affected by the disease, all the students were moved to tears. 16．The Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded annually to an author from any country has produced “in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction”. 17．The most popular reading material is comic books, movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic car washes have. 18．The morning meal was our quiet hour. At noon, several chanced to be passing by stopped to rest, and to share our luncheon with us. 19．Children’s engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan a year on lessons for their children. 20．The parking meters are installed in streets to record and show the time a driver has paid for is finished. 21．Something that happens in your daily life will change the way you look at the world. 22．He is the young scientist name is known all over the country. 23．Donald survived when the car he was in crashed into a truck from the opposite side. 24．They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children shoes were held together with string was a surprise. 25．Around me in the picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 26．If you come across a term of the meaning you have forgotten, please look it up in the dictionary. 27．This is a small house, under roof lives a large family of three generations. 28．Conformity(从众) means behaviour that is the same as the way most other people behave. 29．This was an amazing and rewarding activity of first aid made a deep impression on every student in our grade. 30．Judging from my own experience, I want to say a few words to those who have the same trouble I have. 31．College is a s small society gives you the chance to meet different people. 32．After school, there were many clubs to join and the one   attracted me most was the Rugby Club. 33．68 Chinese cultural relics had been taken to the UK recently were returned to their homeland. 34．Li Bai was a Chinese poet praised from his own day to the present as a romantic figure took traditional poetic forms to new heights. 35．When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl was willing to make friends with me. 36．The little boy parents had been seriously injured in a car accident had no choice but to live with his aunt. 37．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of the villagers lives were affected. 38．Obviously, any child receives patient teaching over a long period is likely to improve. 39．To mark the 140th anniversary of the school, the school magazine launched a writing contest theme is celebrating the remarkable achievements. 40．Chinese Teacher’s Day is the very festival celebrates the 2, 300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. 二、完成句子 41．生活在那里的人们，三分之二伤亡。 Two ______ of the people ______ lived there ______ dead or ______. 42．任何犯法的人都应该受到惩罚。 Anybody ________ ________ the law should be punished. 43．最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。 The one _______ _______ _______ _______ was the Rugby Club. 44．沉迷于网络的青少年更容易遭受抑郁症。 Teenagers________ ________ ________ ________the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. 45．I’d like to make friends with people ______________________. 我愿意和言行一致的人交朋友。 46．你对待孩子的方法不明智。 ________ ________ ________ you treat your children is not wise. 47．Snow首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places ________ all those ________ ________ had lived. 48．玛丽是我曾见过的最负责任的老师。 Mary is the most responsible teacher ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 49．老师正宣布一个好消息，这次考试有进步的可以获得一份特别的礼物。 The teacher is announcing a good news that those ________ ________ ________in this exam can get a special gift. 50．村里有许多流言蜚语，这对双胞胎之间毫无共同之处。 There are many rumors in the village about the twins ________ ________ ________ in ________ with each other. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $