语法选择题专项训练 2025-2026学年 八年级英语下册期末专项训练（广东外研版）

**基本信息** 以语境化短文为载体，系统覆盖八年级下册核心语法点，通过语篇连贯考查语法应用能力，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |动词形式|40题（含不定式、时态、被动语态）|语篇情境中语法选择，强调上下文连贯|核心语法点在真实语境中的综合应用，体现语法与意义的统一| |词汇运用|30题（含名词单复数、代词、冠词）|结合主题语境考查词形变化与搭配|从基础词汇到语法功能词，构建"词-句-篇"的逻辑链条| |句法结构|30题（含连词、介词、感叹句）|通过上下文逻辑关系考查句法规则|句法知识服务于语篇理解，培养分析与推断的思维品质|

八年级英语下册期末专项训练 --语法选择题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （1） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 About three years ago, I felt very unhappy. I didn’t like my classmates, my parents, or anyone else. My classmates didn’t want 1 with me. They always laughed at me. My parents were always saying that other kids were 2 than me. I thought I was unlucky. One day, I had a big fight with one of my 3 , Andy. Just at that moment, 4 boy stood up and stopped the fight. He was the monitor of our class. 5 name was Jack. After that, he often helped me. Whenever I got angry 6 sad, he would help me to cool down. Many problems 7 by him. Since the monitor helped me, I 8 many positive changes in my life. We spent a lot of interesting days together. Gradually, I became a happy boy. And it seems that the people around me have changed, too. My parents don’t shout 9 me anymore and my classmates are friendly. If you want to get better, you 10 help others, just like Jack helped me. Life is much happier when we care for each other. 1．A．to talk B．talking C．talked 2．A．good B．better C．the best 3．A．classmates B．classmate C．classmates’ 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．He B．Him C．His 6．A．but B．or C．and 7．A．solved B．are solved C．were solved 8．A．experience B．experienced C．have experienced 9．A．at B．for C．with 10．A．need B．can C．must （2） At Wuying Village in Shangqiu, Henan Province, a group of old people stood in front of “Tian’anmen Square”. It was not the real one in Beijing, 1 a huge and beautiful painting on the wall. 2 painted it? The story begins with a man. The painter is 3 39-year-old farmer named Wu Chengyan, who loves drawing. One day, he talked with an old man. The man said his 4 wish was to see Tian’anmen Square. Many old people in the village had the same wish. Wu wanted to make 5 wish come true. He spent five days painting the “Tian’anmen Square”. When he finished, he invited the old people to take 6 with it. Wu has loved painting since he was young. In 2023, he painted a picture for his wife’s grandfather. Then he decided 7 more works for the old people in his village. After watching the movie Ne Zha 2, Wu painted over ten wall paintings about it. Soon his village 8 “Ne Zha Village” by visitors. Until now, Wu 9 more than 40 wall paintings. These beautiful paintings 10 attract many tourists to his village, bringing warmth and surprise to everyone. 1．A．so B．but C．and 2．A．Who B．Where C．When 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．big B．bigger C．biggest 5．A．they B．their C．theirs 6．A．photo B．photos C．photos’ 7．A．create B．creating C．to create 8．A．is called B．was called C．were called 9．A．completed B．has completed C．have completed 10．A．can B．need C．must （3） One day, our teacher said our school science competition began. We could join it either alone or with 1 group. I chose to take part in it with my friends. Our team had three members: quiet Mark, who loved building models, talented Lisa, who always had 2 creative ideas than others. 3 we looked strong, trust between us was weak. Lisa often disagreed with Mark, while Mark thought Lisa’s 4 were unrealistic (不现实的). Our task was to create an eco-friendly city model together. At first, things went wrong. Both Lisa and Mark designed models. Mark was not glad to give up 5 model and neither was Lisa. I realized if we wanted to make it, we had to fix this problem. The next day, I asked everyone 6 again. “Let’s not just depend on one person’s skills,” I said. “We need to work together.” Slowly, we learned to cooperate. On the final day, our hands were shaking when we 7 the prize—“Green Future City”. As the judges said our team was one of the winners and that we 8 enter a national competition, happy tears appeared in our eyes. Now I understand that great things happen when we work 9 a team. The real victory wasn’t simply getting the prize. The friendship 10 along the way. 1．A．a B．the C．/ 2．A．many B．more C．most 3．A．Though B．If C．Because 4．A．idea B．ideas C．ideas’ 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．tries B．trying C．to try 7．A．get B．got C．are got 8．A．could B．need C．should 9．A．of B．for C．as 10．A．built B．was building C．was built （4） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 I took a trip to Yunnan this National Day holiday. It is really 1 very great place with beautiful mountains, clean rivers and kind people. Trees and flowers 2 everywhere. Every year lots of visitors come here to enjoy themselves. In Shilin (stone forests), there are all kinds of strange stones. Some of the smaller stones look 3 pretty girls, and the bigger ones look like handsome men. Of all the stones, the stone like a beautiful girl in a legend is 4 . Her name is Ashima. I am sure 5 you know this name. I also went to Lijiang. A river runs through the whole city. If you go along the river, you’ll never lose 6__ way, and it’s easy for you to find your way. There are many ethnic minorities (少数民族) in Yunnan. And they all like singing and 7 . We danced with them around the campfire that night. I really had a good time. I like the elephants and fruits there best. An elephant is much taller than me! I even sat on its back, 8 I was very afraid in the beginning. I took some photos with it. The fruits there are very fresh and delicious. They are very good for our 9 . The trip to Yunnan is so wonderful that I will go there 10 in the future. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．see B．saw C．are seen 3．A．like B．up C．after 4．A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous 5．A．what B．that C．how 6．A．you B．your C．yours 7．A．dancing B．dance C．to dance 8．A．and B．though C．but 9．A．health B．healthy C．healthily 10．A．some times B．some time C．sometime （5） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Celia is a 14-year-old student in Grade 8. She loves playing volleyball a lot. She thinks hitting the volleyball in the air is really easy 1 fun. One day in autumn, the school wanted to set up 2 volleyball team. Celia was very happy to take part in the first tryout. She 3 volleyball with six classmates against another group. However, the coach wasn’t happy with how they played in the match. He said, “Although each of you plays well, volleyball games need teamwork. If you are not willing 4 with others, I won’t choose any of you tomorrow.” Celia was very sad when 5 came home from school. Her mother knew what happened 6 her and said, “Why can wild geese fly so high and far in the sky? It’s because they are led to undertake(承担)their roles in a ‘V’ shape. This helps them save energy and encourage each other.” Celia nodded her head and thought, “ 7 useful my mom’s advice is!” The next day, Celia discussed the coming match with them and showed them each person’s role. During the game, everyone in their group 8 by others. They worked together, and finally they won. Celia smiled 9 because she knew the importance of teamwork. The coach praised them with a big smile and said, “I’m glad that you are 10 than before.” After that, Celia understands the importance of teamwork and keeps working together in playing volleyball games. 1．A．so B．but C．and 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．plays B．played C．is playing 4．A．working B．to work C．work 5．A．she B．her C．hers 6．A．on B．for C．to 7．A．How B．What C．What a 8．A．encouraged B．is encouraged C．was encouraged 9．A．happy B．happily C．happiness 10．A．good B．better C．the best （6） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Quite a few children know what job they want to choose when they grow up. But not everyone opens their own company. This is exactly what Isabella Rose Taylor 1 so far. She started designing clothes 2 she was eight years old. At the time, Isabella was 3 in painting. She used a lot of red, blue and yellow, and these colours helped 4 to think of new clothes which she could make. When Isabella designed and made clothes, she just did it 5 fun. But people liked her designs and 6 she started selling them online, and she has a company now. She runs her business at home. She has turned one room into 7 office and another into a studio where the clothes are made. As a designer, she often takes part in different fashion shows 8 her creative designs to public attention. Isabella has also found time to finish school. She’s smart, and she has thousands of fans online. It’s wonderful that she has already had people who work for her. Above all, she really knows what 9 to succeed in the world of fashion. “I get to follow my dream 10 be a teenager at the same time. I think I’m pretty lucky.” she says. 1．A．does B．has done C．did 2．A．when B．if C．although 3．A．interest B．interesting C．interested 4．A．she B．her C．herself 5．A．for B．with C．about 6．A．soon B．sooner C．soonest 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．bring B．brought C．to bring 9．A．needed B．is needed C．are needed 10．A．and B．but C．so （7） A loud, sharp knock suddenly hit against the door. Leo was writing down his ideas about a drama when he 1 by the sound. “Leo!” His mom’s voice rang out, sharp with anger. “It’s almost twelve o’clock at night! What are you still up to? You promised 2 to bed before ten!” Leo’s pencil dropped onto the desk. He felt very sad 3 his perfect ending for the drama disappeared from his mind. He opened the door. “I’m revising our class drama! I was lost in it, so I forgot the time. I didn’t mean to break 4 promise, Mom.” In a soft voice, his mom replied, “Can we revise it tomorrow? Staying up is bad for your health. I worry 5 you.” “We will practise tomorrow morning. We all want our class to win, so we 6 practise harder, Mom.” Mom picked up Leo’s drama playbook and said gently, “Oh, Leo, I’m so sorry for interrupting you. I 7 no idea you were working so hard for your class. I’m proud of you. But next time, try to finish your work during the day, OK?” Leo nodded, holding his mom’s hand. “Thanks, Mom. I will pay 8 attention to the time from now on.” Mom smiled and handed him 9 drama playbook. “Now finish that great idea 10 , and then go to sleep. I can’t wait to see your class perform it.” 1．A．shock B．shocked C．was shocked 2．A．go B．going C．to go 3．A．because B．if C．although 4．A．me B．my C．mine 5．A．about B．of C．among 6．A．can B．may C．should 7．A．had B．is having C．will have 8．A．much B．more C．most 9．A．the B．a C．an 10．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness （8） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even 1 . Since I was a teenager, I 2 that communication is very important. With any relationship, you need to let other people know your 3 . If you are not able to communicate, things will become bad. To keep a good relationship, you 4 keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it is just by making a note. You have to make your parents feel good about how they are doing as parents. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to 5 they say, but ask them politely to listen to you. 6 away only makes the situation worse. Here is 7 example. One night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she felt it would be rude 8 her to go home first. As a result, she was late getting home. Her parents were angry at first, but 9 Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t so mad. Communication is the key factor there. Problems can only 10 with communication. Just remember, if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, tell your parents how you feel. 1．A．tough B．tougher C．the toughest 2．A．have learnt B．learnt C．learn 3．A．feel B．feeling C．feelings 4．A．must B．can C．needn’t 5．A．that B．what C．how 6．A．Walk B．To walk C．Walking 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．of B．for C．as 9．A．before B．after C．while 10．A．solve B．solved C．be solved （9） Bird-watching is a fun hobby. Many people enjoy looking 1 different birds. They learn about bird behaviour. But there is a problem. Birds sometimes fly into windows or buildings because they 2 see the glass clearly. They think they 3 into open space or the sky, but they hit the glass instead. This can hurt or kill them. Bird-watchers want to help. They record 4 flying into windows or buildings. They write down 5 and where birds hit windows or buildings. This information is important. It helps scientists understand 6 birds crash. It also helps find ways to stop it. What are some ways to help stop it? One way is to make windows easier to see. People can put stickers on the glass. 7 way is to turn off lights at night in tall buildings. Birds 8 to lights and can get hurt. By taking these steps, we can make the world much 9 for birds. Next time you see 10 bird, remember you can help too. Now you know bird-watching is not just about enjoying birds. It is also about protecting them. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 3．A．are flying B．flew C．fly 4．A．bird’s B．bird C．birds 5．A．who B．what C．how 6．A．why B．where C．whether 7．A．The others B．Other C．Another 8．A．draw B．drew C．are drawn 9．A．safe B．safer C．the safest 10．A．a B．an C．the （10） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I was reading my diary from four years ago. How time flies! Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team. I couldn’t help laughing at my heartbreaking words then. Basketball was really a big deal for 1 . But things changed soon after that. I 2 by my failure back then. My friends all worried 3 I could get over it. “Why not try something else, like swimming or skiing?” suggested my best friend. At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon, I fell 4 in love with the sport. I’ve won several competitions now 5 I’ve made a lot of friends. My life has taken a different turn. Now, swimming is as 6 to me as basketball used to be. It’s great 7 back and see my pains and gains with fresh eyes. Growing up will never be 8 easy thing. But we need to look at challenges the right way. Now I understand that failure is a part of life. It 9 fall upon us at any stage in our lives. I 10 many other terrible moments since then. But I have never felt so bad again. I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment. When one door closes, another opens. Life is waiting for us with many other surprises. 1．A．me B．my C．mine 2．A．hurt B．is hurt C．was hurt 3．A．where B．whether C．why 4．A．complete B．completely C．completeness 5．A．but B．or C．and 6．A．important B．more important C．the most important 7．A．look B．looking C．to look 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．may B．must C．should 10．A．experienced B．have experienced C．will experience （11） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A popular phrase “Love Laoji, see you tomorrow!” is now widely shared online. It sounds like you are talking to 1 close friend before saying goodnight. This phrase 2 many young people feel warm recently. However, young people also face difficulties in their daily lives. Many of them are tired of endless homework and exams now and then. They feel stressed 3 they can’t finish tasks on time. But there is a new way to think about it. “Love Laoji” tells us 4 they should love themselves first. This is a good way to start each day with a positive heart. When you feel down, remember to cheer 5 up. You 6 take a walk, read a book, or listen to your favourite music. These small 7 help you get calm. Everyone needs time 8 and enjoy simple pleasures in life. This phrase shows the rise of young people’s self-awareness (自我意识). They are learning to take care of themselves 9 than before. “Love Laoji” is not just a funny word — it 10 by more and more people now. And its spirit will stay with us for a long time. Why not try saying it to yourself tonight before you go to sleep? 1．A．an B．a C．the 2．A．has made B．makes C．will make 3．A．when B．before C．until 4．A．if B．what C．that 5．A．your B．yours C．yourself 6．A．can B．must C．need 7．A．act B．acts C．act’s 8．A．relax B．to relax C．relaxed 9．A．good B．better C．best 10．A．used B．was used C．is used （12） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Do you know who is the “Super Brain” in China? Shan Xinghua is 1 excellent woman who created China’s 12306 railway ticket system. She received the national honor “Role Model of the Times”. 2 work solved the problem of buying train tickets, which once required long waits at stations. In 1996, Shan 3 developing this system to solve ticket-buying difficulties. Before 12306, people had to wait in long lines at stations. With China’s large population and growing travel needs, a better solution 4 . However, creating such a system was challenging. During busy periods like the Spring Festival, the system often broke down. In 2012, too many users caused technical problems. 5 Shan didn’t give up. She led her team to find solutions. They used advanced (先进的) technologies to deal 6 huge numbers of users while keeping information safe. Shan succeeded through years of hard 7 . She often worked hours and spent little time with her family. Today, 12306 processes (处理) millions of daily businesses 8 . People can buy tickets anytime on their phones and choose seats. This saves time and makes travel easier for everyone. Shan Xinghua’s story teaches us 9 effort can overcome difficulties. She encourages young people 10 their dreams bravely. She also shows us how technology can change our life. She is both a “Super Brain” and a national hero. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．Her B．She C．Hers 3．A．begins B．began C．is beginning 4．A．is needed B．were needed C．was needed 5．A．And B．So C．But 6．A．with B．at C．on 7．A．work B．works C．work’s 8．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 9．A．why B．which C．that 10．A．follow B．following C．to follow （13） Chen Min is a 57-year-old woman from Chongqing. She loves taking risks. Last year, she 1 finished the North Pole Marathon (北极点马拉松). This is 2 unusual race—it takes place on ice. The runners have to deal 3 the freezing weather and protect themselves from polar bears. Last summer, temperatures in the area were 4 than usual, causing the ice to become much thinner. Under these 5 , the runners had to be very careful. Even many experienced runners 6 it as the most challenging race. Chen’s team, with an average age of over 60, finished the marathon the fastest, in 8 hours and 52 minutes. However, this was not Chen’s only achievement. Before that, she walked to the South Pole 7 climbed the Seven Summits (七大洲最高峰). Chen is the first Chinese woman 8 these goals! “Age is never a problem,” she said after the race. She encouraged people, especially middle-aged women, to challenge 9 and follow their dreams. “ 10 you dare to take the first step, you can see the world’s most amazing landscapes,” she added. 1．A．success B．successful C．successfully 2．A．an B．the C．/ 3．A．of B．with C．at 4．A．high B．higher C．highest 5．A．condition B．conditions C．conditions’ 6．A．described B．describe C．will describe 7．A．and B．but C．so 8．A．achieving B．achieve C．to achieve 9．A．they B．themselves C．their 10．A．Even though B．Because C．As long as 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语下册期末复习训练 --语法选择题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （1） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 About three years ago, I felt very unhappy. I didn’t like my classmates, my parents, or anyone else. My classmates didn’t want 1 with me. They always laughed at me. My parents were always saying that other kids were 2 than me. I thought I was unlucky. One day, I had a big fight with one of my 3 , Andy. Just at that moment, 4 boy stood up and stopped the fight. He was the monitor of our class. 5 name was Jack. After that, he often helped me. Whenever I got angry 6 sad, he would help me to cool down. Many problems 7 by him. Since the monitor helped me, I 8 many positive changes in my life. We spent a lot of interesting days together. Gradually, I became a happy boy. And it seems that the people around me have changed, too. My parents don’t shout 9 me anymore and my classmates are friendly. If you want to get better, you 10 help others, just like Jack helped me. Life is much happier when we care for each other. 1．A．to talk B．talking C．talked 2．A．good B．better C．the best 3．A．classmates B．classmate C．classmates’ 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．He B．Him C．His 6．A．but B．or C．and 7．A．solved B．are solved C．were solved 8．A．experience B．experienced C．have experienced 9．A．at B．for C．with 10．A．need B．can C．must 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了一个男孩曾经很不快乐，后来在班长杰克帮助下变得积极乐观，并感悟到帮助他人能让生活更幸福的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：我的同学不想和我说话。 根据“want to do sth.”这一固定搭配，可知应用动词不定式。根据语境，“want”后接to do表目的，“to talk”符合语法结构。“talking”为动名词，“talked”为过去式，均不符。 2．句意：我的父母总是说其他孩子比我好。 根据“than”可知应用形容词比较级。根据语境，两者比较需用比较级。“better”符合语法结构。“good”为原级，“the best”为最高级，均不符。 3．句意：有一天，我和我的一个同学安迪大吵了一架。 根据“one of + 复数名词”这一固定搭配，可知应用名词复数。根据语境，表示众多同学中的一个，“classmates”符合语法结构。“classmate”为单数，“classmates’为所有格，均不符。 4．句意：就在那时，一个男孩站起来制止了打架。 根据首次提到且“boy”以辅音音素开头，可知用不定冠词a。“an”用于元音字母前，“the”表特指，均不符。 5．句意：他的名字叫杰克。 根据修饰名词“name”，可知应用形容词性物主代词，表示所属关系，“His”符合语法结构。“He”作主语，“Him”作宾语，均不符。 6．句意：每当我生气或难过时，他会帮我冷静下来。 此处angry（生气的）和sad（难过的）是两种可能出现的情绪，表“或者”的选择含义，所以用or。“but”表转折，“and”表并列同时，均不符。 7．句意：许多问题都被他解决了。 本文讲述的故事发生在过去，且主语“problems”与“solve”是被动关系，即“问题被解决”，可知用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were done”。主语“problems”为复数形式，故填“were solved”。“solved”为主动，“are solved”为现在时，均不符。 8．句意：自从班长帮助我以来，我经历了许多积极的变化。 根据“Since”引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续影响到现在，结构为“have/has done”，“have experienced”符合语法结构。“experience”为现在时，“experienced”为过去时，均不符。 9．句意：我的父母不再对我大喊大叫了。 固定搭配“shout at sb.”译为“冲某人喊”，故选“at”，表示指向对象。“for”表目的，“with”表伴随，均不符。 10．句意：如果你想变得更好，你可以帮助他人。 根据上下文，作者分享自己的经历后，鼓励读者像Jack那样去帮助他人，表达一种“你可以做到”的可能性或建议，因此“can”更符合鼓励的语气。“must”含义强制的意味，“need”强调必要性，均不符。 （2） At Wuying Village in Shangqiu, Henan Province, a group of old people stood in front of “Tian’anmen Square”. It was not the real one in Beijing, 1 a huge and beautiful painting on the wall. 2 painted it? The story begins with a man. The painter is 3 39-year-old farmer named Wu Chengyan, who loves drawing. One day, he talked with an old man. The man said his 4 wish was to see Tian’anmen Square. Many old people in the village had the same wish. Wu wanted to make 5 wish come true. He spent five days painting the “Tian’anmen Square”. When he finished, he invited the old people to take 6 with it. Wu has loved painting since he was young. In 2023, he painted a picture for his wife’s grandfather. Then he decided 7 more works for the old people in his village. After watching the movie Ne Zha 2, Wu painted over ten wall paintings about it. Soon his village 8 “Ne Zha Village” by visitors. Until now, Wu 9 more than 40 wall paintings. These beautiful paintings 10 attract many tourists to his village, bringing warmth and surprise to everyone. 1．A．so B．but C．and 2．A．Who B．Where C．When 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．big B．bigger C．biggest 5．A．they B．their C．theirs 6．A．photo B．photos C．photos’ 7．A．create B．creating C．to create 8．A．is called B．was called C．were called 9．A．completed B．has completed C．have completed 10．A．can B．need C．must 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述河南农民画家吴承言为圆村里老人心愿画壁画，使村庄因艺术创作走红，给每个人传递温暖与惊喜的感人故事。 【详解】 1．句意：它不是北京的真迹，而是墙上一幅巨大而美丽的画。 “It was not the real one in Beijing”与“a huge and beautiful painting on the wall”句意形成否定与肯定的对比。but符合逻辑，固定搭配not...but... 意为“不是……而是……”。so表因果，and表并列，均不符合句式。 2．句意：谁画的它？ 答语“The story begins with a man.”表明问句询问人物。Who与答语相符合。Where询问地点，When询问时间，不符合句子逻辑。 3．句意：这位画家是一位名叫吴承言的39岁农民，他热爱绘画。 首次介绍身份表泛指，应该使用不定冠词，且“39-year-old”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。 4．句意：那人说他最大的愿望是去看天安门。 根据“his...wish”(语法合理性)，可知此处应用最高级，表示在所有愿望中这是最大的一个。biggest“最大的”，形容词最高级，符合语境。 5．句意：吴承言想让他们的愿望成真。 空处修饰名词“wish”，用形容词性物主代词their。 6．句意：当他完成时，他邀请老人们和它拍照片。 固定搭配take photos“拍照”，合影通常不止一张照片，photos符合逻辑。 7．句意：于是他决定为他所在村庄的老年人创作更多的作品。 decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，固定搭配，因此应该用动词不定式，to create符合逻辑。 8．句意：很快，他的村庄就被游客们称为“哪吒村”。 描述过去的事情用一般过去时。“village”与“call”之间是被动关系，指村庄被叫做“哪吒村”，用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。主语为单数“ village”，was called符合逻辑。 9．句意：到目前为止，吴已经完成40多幅壁画。 “Until now”表明此句时态应该用现在完成时，结构为have/has done；主语“Wu”是第三人称单数，has completed符合逻辑。 10．句意：这些精美的画作能够吸引众多游客来到他的村庄，给这里的每个人带来温暖与惊喜。 此处指画作具有吸引游客的能力，can符合逻辑。need“需要”，表主观需求，must“必须”，强调义务、规定或强烈的主观要求，不符合句子逻辑。 （3） One day, our teacher said our school science competition began. We could join it either alone or with 1 group. I chose to take part in it with my friends. Our team had three members: quiet Mark, who loved building models, talented Lisa, who always had 2 creative ideas than others. 3 we looked strong, trust between us was weak. Lisa often disagreed with Mark, while Mark thought Lisa’s 4 were unrealistic (不现实的). Our task was to create an eco-friendly city model together. At first, things went wrong. Both Lisa and Mark designed models. Mark was not glad to give up 5 model and neither was Lisa. I realized if we wanted to make it, we had to fix this problem. The next day, I asked everyone 6 again. “Let’s not just depend on one person’s skills,” I said. “We need to work together.” Slowly, we learned to cooperate. On the final day, our hands were shaking when we 7 the prize—“Green Future City”. As the judges said our team was one of the winners and that we 8 enter a national competition, happy tears appeared in our eyes. Now I understand that great things happen when we work 9 a team. The real victory wasn’t simply getting the prize. The friendship 10 along the way. 1．A．a B．the C．/ 2．A．many B．more C．most 3．A．Though B．If C．Because 4．A．idea B．ideas C．ideas’ 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．tries B．trying C．to try 7．A．get B．got C．are got 8．A．could B．need C．should 9．A．of B．for C．as 10．A．built B．was building C．was built 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者所在团队参加科学竞赛，队员间产生分歧，最终学会合作、赢得奖项，并收获珍贵友谊的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：我们可以独自参加，也可以和一个小组一起参加。 此处泛指“一个小组”，group以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。the为定冠词表特指，不填冠词不符合语法，均不符合语境。 2．句意：我们队有三名成员：安静的马克，他热爱搭建模型；有天赋的莉萨，她总是比别人有更多有创意的想法。 句中出现than，表示比较，需用形容词比较级，应用more。many为原级，most为最高级，均不符合语法要求。 3．句意：虽然我们看起来实力强劲，但我们之间的信任很薄弱。 此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用Though。If“如果”，Because“因为”，均不符合语境逻辑。 4．句意：莉萨经常和马克意见不合，而马克认为莉萨的想法是不现实的。 此处谓语为were，说明主语是复数，应用ideas“想法”。idea为单数形式，ideas’为名词所有格，均不符合语法。 5．句意：马克不愿意放弃他的模型，莉萨也是。 此处修饰名词model，需用形容词性物主代词，应用his“他的”。he为人称代词主格，him为人称代词宾格，均不符合语法要求。 6．句意：第二天，我再次请大家尝试。 “ask sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，应用to try。tries为第三人称单数，trying为动名词，均不符合该固定结构。 7．句意：在最后一天，当我们获得“绿色未来城市”奖项时，我们的手在颤抖。 全文为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，应用got。get为原形，are got为被动语态，均不符合时态与语境。 8．句意：评委称我们队是获胜者之一，我们可以参加全国比赛，喜悦的泪水涌上我们的眼眶。 此处表示“能够、可以”，应用could。need“需要”，should“应该”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：现在我明白了，当我们作为一个团队合作时，伟大的事情就会发生。 “work as a team”为固定搭配，意为“作为团队合作”，应用as。of“……的”，for“为了”，均不符合该固定搭配。 10．句意：还有一路上建立起来的友谊。 主语The friendship和build是被动关系，全文为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态was built。 （4） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 I took a trip to Yunnan this National Day holiday. It is really 1 very great place with beautiful mountains, clean rivers and kind people. Trees and flowers 2 everywhere. Every year lots of visitors come here to enjoy themselves. In Shilin (stone forests), there are all kinds of strange stones. Some of the smaller stones look 3 pretty girls, and the bigger ones look like handsome men. Of all the stones, the stone like a beautiful girl in a legend is 4 . Her name is Ashima. I am sure 5 you know this name. I also went to Lijiang. A river runs through the whole city. If you go along the river, you’ll never lose 6 way, and it’s easy for you to find your way. There are many ethnic minorities (少数民族) in Yunnan. And they all like singing and 7 . We danced with them around the campfire that night. I really had a good time. I like the elephants and fruits there best. An elephant is much taller than me! I even sat on its back, 8 I was very afraid in the beginning. I took some photos with it. The fruits there are very fresh and delicious. They are very good for our 9 . The trip to Yunnan is so wonderful that I will go there 10 in the future. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．see B．saw C．are seen 3．A．like B．up C．after 4．A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous 5．A．what B．that C．how 6．A．you B．your C．yours 7．A．dancing B．dance C．to dance 8．A．and B．though C．but 9．A．health B．healthy C．healthily 10．A．some times B．some time C．sometime 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者国庆游云南的经历，描述石林、丽江风景及少数民族文化，记录骑大象感受，表达对云南的喜爱与重游愿望。 【详解】 1．句意：它真是一处很不错的地方，有着秀美的群山、清澈的河流与淳朴的当地人。 依据原文“I took a trip to Yunnan this National Day holiday.”，此处第一次介绍云南，very为辅音音素开头，单数可数名词place前用不定冠词a；an用于元音音素开头词汇，the表特指，初次介绍不用特指。 2．句意：花草随处可见。 依据原文“It is really a very great place with beautiful mountains, clean rivers and kind people.”，承接写景内容，花草是被人们看见，要用一般现在时被动are seen；see、saw都是主动语态，花草无法主动发出看见的动作。 3．句意：一些个头偏小的石头看上去像漂亮姑娘，大块的石头像帅气男士。 依据原文“and the bigger ones look like handsome men.”，后半句固定搭配look like，前后句式并列一致，因此选用like；look up查阅、look after照顾，和石块外形拟人化的语境不符。 4．句意：在所有石块当中，那块如同传说里美丽姑娘的石头是最出名的。 依据原文“Of all the stones”，of all表示三者及以上范围，需用形容词最高级the most famous；famous原级、more famous比较级不能搭配Of all。 5．句意：我确定你听过这个名字。 从句“you know this name”是完整陈述句，宾语从句陈述句用引导词that；what、how需要在从句里充当句子成分，本句主谓宾齐全。 6．句意：如果你沿着河道前行，永远不会迷路，并且你很容易找到路。 固定短语lose one’s way，后文出现物主代词your，用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词way；you为人称代词、yours名词性物主代词后不能接名词way。 7．句意：他们全都喜爱唱歌跳舞。 固定搭配like doing sth.，and连接并列结构，和singing并列使用dancing；dance原形、to dance不定式不满足并列结构。 8．句意：我甚至坐到了大象背上，尽管一开始我十分害怕。 前后是让步逻辑，选用though；and表顺承，but表转折，不能用于此处让步语境。 9．句意：它们对我们的健康很有益处。 物主代词our后需要接名词，health是名词健康；healthy形容词、healthily副词不能放在our后面。 10．句意：云南之旅格外美好，我将来某个时候还要再来这里。 依据原文“in the future”，sometime表示将来某一时间；some times意为数次，some time是一段时间，词义和将来出行的语境不符。 （5） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Celia is a 14-year-old student in Grade 8. She loves playing volleyball a lot. She thinks hitting the volleyball in the air is really easy 1 fun. One day in autumn, the school wanted to set up 2 volleyball team. Celia was very happy to take part in the first tryout. She 3 volleyball with six classmates against another group. However, the coach wasn’t happy with how they played in the match. He said, “Although each of you plays well, volleyball games need teamwork. If you are not willing 4 with others, I won’t choose any of you tomorrow.” Celia was very sad when 5 came home from school. Her mother knew what happened 6 her and said, “Why can wild geese fly so high and far in the sky? It’s because they are led to undertake(承担)their roles in a ‘V’ shape. This helps them save energy and encourage each other.” Celia nodded her head and thought, “ 7 useful my mom’s advice is!” The next day, Celia discussed the coming match with them and showed them each person’s role. During the game, everyone in their group 8 by others. They worked together, and finally they won. Celia smiled 9 because she knew the importance of teamwork. The coach praised them with a big smile and said, “I’m glad that you are 10 than before.” After that, Celia understands the importance of teamwork and keeps working together in playing volleyball games. 1．A．so B．but C．and 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．plays B．played C．is playing 4．A．working B．to work C．work 5．A．she B．her C．hers 6．A．on B．for C．to 7．A．How B．What C．What a 8．A．encouraged B．is encouraged C．was encouraged 9．A．happy B．happily C．happiness 10．A．good B．better C．the best 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了Celia参加排球队选拔的故事。起初她忽视团队合作，经母亲启发后明白协作的重要性，最终带领队友获胜，理解了团队合作的意义。 【详解】 1．句意：她觉得击打空中的排球真的容易且有趣。 根据“easy...fun”可知，两个并列的形容词之间用and连接，表示顺承关系，故填and，符合语法。 2．句意：学校想要组建一支排球队。 此处需要不定冠词表示泛指，根据volleyball以辅音音素开头可知，用不定冠词a，符合语法。 3．句意：她和六名同学打排球对抗另一组。 此处需要动词作谓语，根据时间“One day in autumn”可知，故事发生在过去，应该使用一般过去时，故用play的过去式played。 4．句意：如果你们不愿意与他人合作，明天我不会选择你们中的任何人。 根据固定搭配be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”，可知用to work，符合语法。 5．句意：Celia非常难过，当她从学校回家时。 此处在从句中作主语，故应填入人称代词，指代Celia，由于Celia是女生，故用she，符合语法。 6．句意：她母亲知道发生在她身上的事。 根据固定搭配happen to sb.表示“发生在某人身上”，可知此处应该填入介词to，符合语法。 7．句意：我妈妈的建议多么有用啊！ 这是一个感叹句，根据中心词useful是形容词可知，该感叹句的基本结构应该是how+形容词+主语+谓语，故用how来引导，位于句首，首字母大写。 8．句意：在比赛期间，组里的每个人都被他人鼓励。 主语“everyone in their group”和“鼓励”之间是被动关系，文章的背景是发生在过去的事，故应该使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was encouraged，符合语法。 9．句意：Celia开心地笑了。 此处需要副词来修饰动词smiled，故填happily表示“开心地”，符合语境和语法。 10．句意：我很高兴你们比以前更好了。 根据标志词than，可知此处应填入形容词比较级，故用better，符合语法。 （6） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Quite a few children know what job they want to choose when they grow up. But not everyone opens their own company. This is exactly what Isabella Rose Taylor 1 so far. She started designing clothes 2 she was eight years old. At the time, Isabella was 3 in painting. She used a lot of red, blue and yellow, and these colours helped 4 to think of new clothes which she could make. When Isabella designed and made clothes, she just did it 5 fun. But people liked her designs and 6 she started selling them online, and she has a company now. She runs her business at home. She has turned one room into 7 office and another into a studio where the clothes are made. As a designer, she often takes part in different fashion shows 8 her creative designs to public attention. Isabella has also found time to finish school. She’s smart, and she has thousands of fans online. It’s wonderful that she has already had people who work for her. Above all, she really knows what 9 to succeed in the world of fashion. “I get to follow my dream 10 be a teenager at the same time. I think I’m pretty lucky.” she says. 1．A．does B．has done C．did 2．A．when B．if C．although 3．A．interest B．interesting C．interested 4．A．she B．her C．herself 5．A．for B．with C．about 6．A．soon B．sooner C．soonest 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．bring B．brought C．to bring 9．A．needed B．is needed C．are needed 10．A．and B．but C．so 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述少年设计师伊莎贝拉的故事。她八岁起步，如今拥有公司，兼顾学业与梦想，展现非凡才华，成功实现了自己的人生目标。 【详解】 1．句意：这正是伊莎贝拉·罗斯·泰勒到目前为止所做的。 根据“so far”，可知句子应用现在完成时。根据语境，强调过去动作对现在的影响，has done做（现在完成时）符合。does做（一般现在时），did做（一般过去时），均不与so far连用。 2．句意：她八岁时就开始设计衣服。 根据“she was eight years old”，可知是时间状语从句，表示具体时间点，when“当……时”符合。if如果（表条件），although虽然（表让步），均不符。 3．句意：当时，伊莎贝拉对绘画感兴趣。 根据“be...in”，此处需要形容词作表语，固定搭配be interested in，修饰人用interested“感兴趣的”。interest兴趣（名词），interesting有意思的（修饰物的形容词），均不符。 4．句意：这些颜色帮助她想到新衣服。 根据“helped”，可知动词后接宾格，作宾语用her“她”。she她（主格），herself她自己，均不符。 5．句意：她只是为了好玩而做。 根据“fun”，固定搭配do sth. for fun（为了好玩而做某事），表目的用for“为了”。with和，about关于，均不符。 6．句意：但人们喜欢她的设计，并且不久她开始在网上售卖。 人们喜欢她的设计，她开始在网上售卖，表示时间推移，用原级soon“不久”。sooner更早，soonest最早，均不符。 7．句意：她把一个房间变成了办公室。 此后接单数可数名词“office”，泛指一个办公室，用不定冠词，元音音素开头用an“一个”。a一个（用于辅音音素开头的词前），the这个（表特指），均不符。 8．句意：参加时装秀以引起公众关注。 表示参加时装秀的目的，应用动词不定式 to bring作目的状语，to bring“去带来”符合。bring带来（原形）；brought带来了（过去式），均不符。 9．句意：她真的知道时尚界成功需要什么。 what is needed意为“所需要的东西”，此句是被动语态，表示“被需要”，what作主语，视为单数，谓语用is needed。needed需要（过去式），are needed被需要（主语为复数），都不符合。 10．句意：我追随梦想并且同时做个青少年。 “follow my dream”（追逐我的梦想）和“be a teenager”（做青少年）是并列关系，用and“和”连接。but但是（表转折），so所以（表因果），均不符。 （7） A loud, sharp knock suddenly hit against the door. Leo was writing down his ideas about a drama when he 1 by the sound. “Leo!” His mom’s voice rang out, sharp with anger. “It’s almost twelve o’clock at night! What are you still up to? You promised 2 to bed before ten!” Leo’s pencil dropped onto the desk. He felt very sad 3 his perfect ending for the drama disappeared from his mind. He opened the door. “I’m revising our class drama! I was lost in it, so I forgot the time. I didn’t mean to break 4 promise, Mom.” In a soft voice, his mom replied, “Can we revise it tomorrow? Staying up is bad for your health. I worry 5 you.” “We will practise tomorrow morning. We all want our class to win, so we 6 practise harder, Mom.” Mom picked up Leo’s drama playbook and said gently, “Oh, Leo, I’m so sorry for interrupting you. I 7 no idea you were working so hard for your class. I’m proud of you. But next time, try to finish your work during the day, OK?” Leo nodded, holding his mom’s hand. “Thanks, Mom. I will pay 8 attention to the time from now on.” Mom smiled and handed him 9 drama playbook. “Now finish that great idea 10 , and then go to sleep. I can’t wait to see your class perform it.” 1．A．shock B．shocked C．was shocked 2．A．go B．going C．to go 3．A．because B．if C．although 4．A．me B．my C．mine 5．A．about B．of C．among 6．A．can B．may C．should 7．A．had B．is having C．will have 8．A．much B．more C．most 9．A．the B．a C．an 10．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Leo熬夜修改班级戏剧剧本时被妈妈打断，从最初的难过到最后和妈妈和解，并承诺以后合理安排时间的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：Leo正在写下他关于一部戏剧的想法时，被这个声音震惊了。 句子主语he和动词shock是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态was shocked；shock“使震惊（动词原形）”、shocked“震惊的（形容词/过去式）”均不符合被动语态结构。 2．句意：你答应过十点前上床睡觉！ promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”是固定搭配，后面接不定式to go；go“去（原形）”、going“去（动名词）”均不符合语法。 3．句意：他感到非常难过，因为他这部戏剧的完美结局从他脑海中消失了。 前半句是结果，后半句是原因，because“因为”用于引出原因，符合逻辑；if“如果”、although“虽然”均不符合因果关系。 4．句意：我不是故意违背我的承诺，妈妈。 此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词promise，my“我的”符合语法；me“我（宾格）”、mine“我的（名词性物主代词）”均不能直接修饰名词。 5．句意：我担心你。 worry about“担心”是固定搭配，符合语境；of“……的”、among“在……之中”均不能构成此搭配。 6．句意：我们都想让我们班赢，所以我们应该更努力练习，妈妈。 根据语境表示为了赢比赛而有责任或必要去努力。should“应该”用于提出合理的建议，符合“为了获胜要更努力”的语境；can“能够”、may“可能”均不如should贴切。 7．句意：我不知道你为你的班级这么努力。 have no idea“不知道”是固定搭配，故事发生在过去，要用过去式had；is having“现在进行时”、will have“一般将来时”均不符合时态。 8．句意：从现在起我会更注意时间。 根据暗示与之前相比要付出更多注意，需用比较级。more attention“更多的注意”，暗含和之前对比，符合“以后要更关注时间”的语境；much“许多”、most“最多的”均不符合比较含义。 9．句意：妈妈微笑着递给了他这本戏剧剧本。 此处特指Leo一直在修改的那本剧本，用定冠词the；a“一个”、an“一个”均为泛指，不符合语境。 10．句意：现在快速完成这个很棒的想法，然后去睡觉。 此处需要副词修饰动词finish，quickly“快速地”符合语法；quick“快速的（形容词）”、quickness“快速（名词）”均不能修饰动词。 （8） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even 1 . Since I was a teenager, I 2 that communication is very important. With any relationship, you need to let other people know your 3 . If you are not able to communicate, things will become bad. To keep a good relationship, you 4 keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it is just by making a note. You have to make your parents feel good about how they are doing as parents. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to 5 they say, but ask them politely to listen to you. 6 away only makes the situation worse. Here is 7 example. One night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she felt it would be rude 8 her to go home first. As a result, she was late getting home. Her parents were angry at first, but 9 Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t so mad. Communication is the key factor there. Problems can only 10 with communication. Just remember, if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, tell your parents how you feel. 1．A．tough B．tougher C．the toughest 2．A．have learnt B．learnt C．learn 3．A．feel B．feeling C．feelings 4．A．must B．can C．needn’t 5．A．that B．what C．how 6．A．Walk B．To walk C．Walking 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．of B．for C．as 9．A．before B．after C．while 10．A．solve B．solved C．be solved 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了与父母相处时沟通的重要性，通过举例说明主动交流能化解矛盾，而逃避只会让问题更糟。 【详解】 1．句意：如今与孩子相处已经很难了，但与父母相处可能会更难。 even修饰比较级，根据前文“与孩子相处很难”，这里用tougher“更难的”构成比较级，体现“与父母相处比与孩子相处更难”的递进关系；tough“难的”为原级，the toughest“最难的”为最高级，均无法体现比较语境。 2．句意：从十几岁起，我就明白沟通非常重要。 根据时间状语“Since I was a teenager（自从我十几岁以来）”，句子应使用现在完成时，have learnt“已经明白”符合时态要求；learnt为一般过去时，learn为一般现在时，均无法与since引导的时间状语呼应。 3．句意：在任何关系中，你都需要让别人了解你的感受。 根据语境“让别人了解你的感受”，feelings“感受（复数）”符合表达习惯，指多种情绪；feel为动词“感觉”，feeling为单数“感觉”，均不符合此处泛指多种感受的语境。 4．句意：为了维持良好的关系，你必须保持顺畅的沟通。 根据后文“让别人知道你的感受”的建议，这里强调沟通的必要性，must“必须”符合语境；can“可以”语气过弱，needn’t“不必”与文意矛盾。 5．句意：如果你想让他们从你的角度看问题，告诉他们你会听他们说的话，同时礼貌地请他们听你说。 此处为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作say的宾语，指代“他们说的内容”，what“……的内容”符合语法；that在宾语从句中不充当成分，how“如何”与语境不符。 6．句意：逃避只会让情况更糟。 此处作句子的主语，需要动名词形式，Walking“走开”符合语法；Walk为动词原形，To walk为不定式（常表示目的或将来），均不符合此处作主语的用法。 7．句意：这里有一个例子。 此处泛指一个例子，根据“example”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰；a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，the为定冠词表特指，均不符合语境。 8．句意：她知道烟花表演结束后，她必须在午夜前回家，但她觉得自己先回家对朋友来说很无礼。 句型it is rude of sb. to do sth.意为“某人做某事是无礼的”，这里用of，因为rude是描述人的品质的形容词；for用于描述事物的性质。 9．句意：一开始她的父母很生气，但在索菲解释了她迟到的原因后，他们就没那么生气了。 根据逻辑“解释之后父母不再生气”，after“在……之后”符合语境；before“在……之前”与逻辑矛盾，while“当……时”强调同时发生，不符合此处时间先后关系。 10．句意：问题只能通过沟通来解决。 主语Problems与solve之间是被动关系（问题被解决），需用被动语态be solved；solve为主动形式，solved为过去式/过去分词（不能单独作谓语），均不符合被动语境。 （9） Bird-watching is a fun hobby. Many people enjoy looking 1 different birds. They learn about bird behaviour. But there is a problem. Birds sometimes fly into windows or buildings because they 2 see the glass clearly. They think they 3 into open space or the sky, but they hit the glass instead. This can hurt or kill them. Bird-watchers want to help. They record 4 flying into windows or buildings. They write down 5 and where birds hit windows or buildings. This information is important. It helps scientists understand 6 birds crash. It also helps find ways to stop it. What are some ways to help stop it? One way is to make windows easier to see. People can put stickers on the glass. 7 way is to turn off lights at night in tall buildings. Birds 8 to lights and can get hurt. By taking these steps, we can make the world much 9 for birds. Next time you see 10 bird, remember you can help too. Now you know bird-watching is not just about enjoying birds. It is also about protecting them. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 3．A．are flying B．flew C．fly 4．A．bird’s B．bird C．birds 5．A．who B．what C．how 6．A．why B．where C．whether 7．A．The others B．Other C．Another 8．A．draw B．drew C．are drawn 9．A．safe B．safer C．the safest 10．A．a B．an C．the 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了观鸟活动中鸟类撞窗的问题，分析了原因，提出了贴贴纸、关灯等保护方法，呼吁人们共同保护鸟类。 【详解】 1．句意：许多人喜欢观察不同的鸟。 根据固定搭配“look at”，可知表示“观察”应选用 at。根据语境，此处指观看鸟类。in在……里面，on在……上面，搭配不当。 2．句意：鸟类有时会飞进窗户，因为它们不能清楚地看到玻璃。 鸟撞窗是因为不能看清玻璃，可知应选用can’t。needn’t不必， mustn’t禁止，不符。 3．句意：它们以为自己飞到了开阔的空间或天空，但却撞到了玻璃。 此处描述鸟撞玻璃时正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，结构为be doing。 4．句意：他们记录鸟类飞进窗户或建筑物。 此处指观鸟者记录多只鸟撞玻璃的事件，用名词复数birds作宾语。 5．句意：他们写下鸟类如何以及在哪里撞到窗户或建筑物。 根据“birds hit windows or buildings”可知，此处是记录方式和地点，用how“如何”符合语境。 6．句意：这有助于科学家理解鸟类为何撞窗。 根据understand可知，是理解为什么撞窗，用why“为什么”符合语境。 7．句意：另一种方法是在晚上关掉高楼里的灯。 根据前文“One way”，可知应选用Another修饰名词单数形式way，表示“另一种方法”。 8．句意：鸟类会被灯光吸引从而受伤。 根据语境，鸟是被吸引对象，应用被动语态，结构为be done。 9．句意：通过采取这些措施，我们可以让世界对鸟类更加安全。 much修饰用比较级，safer“更安全的”，表示比较级，符合语境。 10．句意：下次你看到一只鸟时，记住你也可以帮忙。 空处修饰名词单数形式bird，泛指一只鸟，且bird为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。 （10） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I was reading my diary from four years ago. How time flies! Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team. I couldn’t help laughing at my heartbreaking words then. Basketball was really a big deal for 1 . But things changed soon after that. I 2 by my failure back then. My friends all worried 3 I could get over it. “Why not try something else, like swimming or skiing?” suggested my best friend. At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon, I fell 4 in love with the sport. I’ve won several competitions now 5 I’ve made a lot of friends. My life has taken a different turn. Now, swimming is as 6 to me as basketball used to be. It’s great 7 back and see my pains and gains with fresh eyes. Growing up will never be 8 easy thing. But we need to look at challenges the right way. Now I understand that failure is a part of life. It 9 fall upon us at any stage in our lives. I 10 many other terrible moments since then. But I have never felt so bad again. I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment. When one door closes, another opens. Life is waiting for us with many other surprises. 1．A．me B．my C．mine 2．A．hurt B．is hurt C．was hurt 3．A．where B．whether C．why 4．A．complete B．completely C．completeness 5．A．but B．or C．and 6．A．important B．more important C．the most important 7．A．look B．looking C．to look 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．may B．must C．should 10．A．experienced B．have experienced C．will experience 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】作者回顾日记，讲述从篮球失败到游泳成功的经历，感悟失败是生活的一部分，成长需正确面对挑战。 【详解】 1．句意：篮球对我而言曾经是天大的事。 介词“for”之后需要人称代词宾格作宾语，此处应选用me。my是形容词性物主代词，mine是名词性物主代词，二者都不能作介词宾语。 2．句意：那一次失败让我备受打击。 句中“by”体现被动关系，back then表示过去时间，要用一般过去时的被动语态was hurt。hurt为主动形式，is hurt是一般现在时被动形式，时态语态都不符合语境。 3．句意：朋友们都担心我能否走出阴霾。 此处表达不确定的疑问，宾语从句引导词用whether。where用来提问地点，why用来提问原因，都和本句担忧的语意不符。 4．句意：可没过多久，我就彻底爱上了这项运动。 空格用来修饰动词短语“fell in love”，必须使用副词completely。complete是形容词，completeness是名词，词性不符合修饰动词的要求。 5．句意：如今我拿下好几场比赛，还结交了许多朋友。 前后两句为顺承并列关系，连词选用and。but表转折，or表选择，均不符合两句逻辑。 6．句意：现在，游泳对我来说，和当初篮球一样重要。 在as...as同级比较结构中间，只能填入形容词原级important。more important是比较级，the most important是最高级，不能用在此句型中。 7．句意：回过头审视过往，用全新眼光看待得失，是一件很美好的事。 本句遵循固定句型It’s+形容词+to do sth.，空格处需要不定式to look。动词原形look与动名词looking都不符合这个句型结构。 8．句意：成长从来都不是一件轻松的事。 单词“easy”以元音音素开头，前面要搭配不定冠词an。a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，the为定冠词表特指，都不合适。 9．句意：在人生的任意阶段，失败都有可能降临。 本句用来表达客观可能性，情态动词用may。must语气过于绝对，should表示责任与义务，都不符合句意。 10．句意：自那以后，我还经历了不少难熬的时刻。 “since then”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，应选用have experienced。experienced是一般过去式，will experience是一般将来时，时态不能匹配。 （11） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A popular phrase “Love Laoji, see you tomorrow!” is now widely shared online. It sounds like you are talking to 1 close friend before saying goodnight. This phrase 2 many young people feel warm recently. However, young people also face difficulties in their daily lives. Many of them are tired of endless homework and exams now and then. They feel stressed 3 they can’t finish tasks on time. But there is a new way to think about it. “Love Laoji” tells us 4 they should love themselves first. This is a good way to start each day with a positive heart. When you feel down, remember to cheer 5 up. You 6 take a walk, read a book, or listen to your favourite music. These small 7 help you get calm. Everyone needs time 8 and enjoy simple pleasures in life. This phrase shows the rise of young people’s self-awareness (自我意识). They are learning to take care of themselves 9 than before. “Love Laoji” is not just a funny word — it 10 by more and more people now. And its spirit will stay with us for a long time. Why not try saying it to yourself tonight before you go to sleep? 1．A．an B．a C．the 2．A．has made B．makes C．will make 3．A．when B．before C．until 4．A．if B．what C．that 5．A．your B．yours C．yourself 6．A．can B．must C．need 7．A．act B．acts C．act’s 8．A．relax B．to relax C．relaxed 9．A．good B．better C．best 10．A．used B．was used C．is used 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文围绕网络流行语“Love Laoji”展开，介绍该流行语温暖年轻人的作用，讲述年轻人的生活压力与自我关怀方法，体现当代年轻人自我意识的觉醒，传递关爱自己的正向观念。 【详解】 1．句意：听起来就像你在睡前和一位亲密好友道晚安。 根据空格后为辅音音素开头的可数名词单数friend，表泛指，应选用a。an“一个（用于元音音素前）”；the“这个/那个（表特指）”，均不符。 2．句意：最近这个短语让很多年轻人感到温暖。 根据句中时间标志词“recently”，本句使用现在完成时，应选用has made。makes“使（一般现在时）”；will make“将会使（一般将来时）”，逻辑不通。 3．句意：当他们无法按时完成任务时，就会感到压力很大。 根据前后两句为时间逻辑，前半句是压力产生的时机，应选用when。before“在……之前”；until“直到”，逻辑不符。 4．句意：“Love Laoji”告诉我们应当先爱自己。 根据空格后为成分完整的宾语从句，不缺句子成分，应选用that。if“是否/如果”；what“什么”，均不符。 5．句意：当你情绪低落时，记得让自己振作起来。 根据固定搭配cheer oneself up，主语为you，对应反身代词，应选用yourself。your“你的（形容词性物主代词）”；yours“你的（名词性物主代词）”，均不符。 6．句意：你可以散散步、读读书或者听喜欢的音乐。 根据后文列举多种可行舒缓情绪的方式，表许可，应选用can。must“必须”；need“需要”，逻辑不通。 7．句意：这些小行为帮你平静。 根据these修饰复数名词可知用acts，应选用acts。act“行为（单数名词）”；act’s“行为的（名词所有格）”，均不符。 8．句意：每个人都需要时间放松，享受生活里简单的美好。 根据固定搭配need time to do sth.可知，应选用to relax。relax“放松（动词原形）”；relaxed“放松的（形容词）”，逻辑不符。 9．句意：相比从前，他们学着更好地照顾自己。 根据句中标志词“than before”，存在比较含义，应选用better。good“好的（原级）”；best“最好地（最高级）”，逻辑不通。 10．句意：“Love Laoji”不只是一句搞笑的话——如今它被越来越多人使用。 根据句中now表现在，主语it与use是被动关系，应选用is used。used“使用（主动过去式）”；was used“被使用（过去被动）”，逻辑不符。 （12） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Do you know who is the “Super Brain” in China? Shan Xinghua is 1 excellent woman who created China’s 12306 railway ticket system. She received the national honor “Role Model of the Times”. 2 work solved the problem of buying train tickets, which once required long waits at stations. In 1996, Shan 3 developing this system to solve ticket-buying difficulties. Before 12306, people had to wait in long lines at stations. With China’s large population and growing travel needs, a better solution 4 . However, creating such a system was challenging. During busy periods like the Spring Festival, the system often broke down. In 2012, too many users caused technical problems. 5 Shan didn’t give up. She led her team to find solutions. They used advanced (先进的) technologies to deal 6 huge numbers of users while keeping information safe. Shan succeeded through years of hard 7 . She often worked hours and spent little time with her family. Today, 12306 processes (处理) millions of daily businesses 8 . People can buy tickets anytime on their phones and choose seats. This saves time and makes travel easier for everyone. Shan Xinghua’s story teaches us 9 effort can overcome difficulties. She encourages young people 10 their dreams bravely. She also shows us how technology can change our life. She is both a “Super Brain” and a national hero. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．Her B．She C．Hers 3．A．begins B．began C．is beginning 4．A．is needed B．were needed C．was needed 5．A．And B．So C．But 6．A．with B．at C．on 7．A．work B．works C．work’s 8．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 9．A．why B．which C．that 10．A．follow B．following C．to follow 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国“最强大脑”单杏花创建12306铁路售票系统的事迹及其成就。 【详解】 1．句意：单杏花是一位打造出中国 12306 铁路售票系统的杰出女性。 单杏花是一位女性，excellent以元音音素开头，且是首次提及，应用不定冠词an“一位”。a用于辅音音素前，the表特指，均与泛指和发音不符。 2．句意：她的工作解决了过去人们需要在车站长时间排队买票的难题。 上文提到她创造了系统，work是“她的”工作，Her“她的”符合。She主格，Hers名词性物主代词，均不能作定语。 3．句意：1996 年，单杏花着手研发这套系统，解决购票难题。 时间状语“In 1996”表示过去，began“开始”符合。begins一般现在时，is beginning现在进行时，均与过去时间不符。 4．句意：中国人口基数大、出行需求持续增长，当时亟需一套更完善的解决方案。 上文提到买票难，说明“需要”更好的方案，主语a better solution与need为被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was，was needed“被需要”符合。is needed一般现在时被动，were needed复数被动，均与主语和时态不符。 5．句意：2012 年，大量用户涌入引发系统技术故障，但单杏花没有放弃。 系统出问题，但她“没有放弃”，前后为转折关系，But“但是”符合。And“和”表并列，So“所以”表结果，均与转折逻辑不符。 6．句意：他们运用先进技术，在保障信息安全的同时应对海量用户访问。 deal with“处理”为动词短语，with“与”符合。at、on与deal搭配不当。 7．句意：历经多年辛勤付出，单杏花取得了成功。 hard work“努力工作/辛勤付出”，work“工作”符合，为不可数名词。works复数，work’s所有格，均与不可数名词用法不符。 8．句意：如今 12306 每天可快速处理数百万笔业务。 修饰动词processes，应用副词quickly“快速地”。quick形容词，quickness名词，均不能修饰动词。 9．句意：单杏花的故事教会我们努力可以克服困难。 宾语从句结构完整，that“那个”引导陈述句，符合。why“为什么”表原因，which“哪一个”表选择，均与陈述句不符。 10．句意：她鼓励年轻人勇敢地追随梦想。 encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，to follow“追随”符合。follow动词原形，following动名词，均不能用于encourage sb.后。 （13） Chen Min is a 57-year-old woman from Chongqing. She loves taking risks. Last year, she 1 finished the North Pole Marathon (北极点马拉松). This is 2 unusual race—it takes place on ice. The runners have to deal 3 the freezing weather and protect themselves from polar bears. Last summer, temperatures in the area were 4 than usual, causing the ice to become much thinner. Under these 5 , the runners had to be very careful. Even many experienced runners 6 it as the most challenging race. Chen’s team, with an average age of over 60, finished the marathon the fastest, in 8 hours and 52 minutes. However, this was not Chen’s only achievement. Before that, she walked to the South Pole 7 climbed the Seven Summits (七大洲最高峰). Chen is the first Chinese woman 8 these goals! “Age is never a problem,” she said after the race. She encouraged people, especially middle-aged women, to challenge 9 and follow their dreams. “ 10 you dare to take the first step, you can see the world’s most amazing landscapes,” she added. 1．A．success B．successful C．successfully 2．A．an B．the C．/ 3．A．of B．with C．at 4．A．high B．higher C．highest 5．A．condition B．conditions C．conditions’ 6．A．described B．describe C．will describe 7．A．and B．but C．so 8．A．achieving B．achieve C．to achieve 9．A．they B．themselves C．their 10．A．Even though B．Because C．As long as 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了57岁的重庆女性Chen Min热爱冒险，成功完成北极点马拉松等挑战，鼓励人们勇于追梦。 【详解】 1．句意：去年，她成功完成了北极点马拉松。 修饰动词“finished”用副词successfully“成功地”。 2．句意：这是一场不同寻常的赛事——它在冰上举办。 此处泛指“一场不寻常的比赛”，“unusual”以元音音素开头，泛指用不定冠词an。定冠词the表特指，以及零冠词都不符合语境。 3．句意：跑步者必须应对严寒的天气，并保护自己免受北极熊的伤害。 固定搭配deal with表示“应付，处理”。deal不和of以及at搭配成短语。 4．句意：去年夏天，该地区的气温比往年更高，导致冰面变得薄了很多。 “than”是比较级的标志，要用high的比较级higher。highest是最高级，不符合语法要求。 5．句意：在这种条件下，跑步者必须非常小心。 “these”后接可数名词复数conditions“条件”。空后没有名词，不需要所有格“conditions’”修饰。 6．句意：就连许多经验丰富的跑步者都称这是最具挑战性的比赛。 第二段叙述去年发生的事件，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式described。describe是原形，will describe是一般将来时，不符合语法要求。 7．句意：在那之前，她徒步走到了南极，并攀登了七大洲最高峰。 “walked to the South Pole”和“climbed the Seven Summits”是并列的两个成就，用并列连词and连接。but表转折，so表结果，均不符合语境。 8．句意：Chen Min是第一位达成这些目标的中国女性。 固定结构“the first+名词+to do sth.”意为“第一个做某事的……”，不定式to achieve作后置定语。 9．句意：她鼓励人们，尤其是中年女性，去挑战自我，追寻自己的梦想。 固定搭配challenge oneself表示“挑战自我”，此处指代“people”，用反身代词themselves。they是人称代词，their是物主代词，均不符合语法要求。 10．句意：只要你敢迈出第一步，你就能看到世界上最令人惊叹的风景。 前后句是条件关系，用as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。even though表让步，because表原因，均不符合语境。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $