精品解析：上海市南洋模范中学2024-2025学年第二学期高三年级月考试卷英语学科

2024学年第二学期高三年级月考试卷 英语学科 (时间120分钟，满分140分) I. Listening Comprehension (25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Their daughter. B. Their fitness coach. C. Their teacher. D. Their former colleague. 2. A. He missed the writing contest. B. He was well prepared for the contest. C. He paid enough attention to his spelling. D. He made spelling mistakes in the contest. 3. A. The woman does weight-lifting to stay fit. B. The woman failed to turn in the paper on time. C. The term paper was a big challenge for the woman. D. The term paper was a piece of cake for the woman. 4. A. He feels proud of the woman. B. The IQ survey is poorly designed. C. The woman is smarter than the man. D. He looks down on the woman’s intelligence. 5. A. The man is a professional cameraman. B. The man is recording the interview for a contest. C. The woman cares about how she looks in the recording. D. The woman discovered her study preferences on school picture day. 6. A. Collect the data. B. Chat with her students. C. Have a drink with the man. D. Discuss the test results with the man. 7. A. The woman has sharp eye-sight. B. Being alone makes a person more insightful. C. Seeing things others miss is a much-needed skill. D. The man wonders why the woman is so insightful. 8. A. He was nervous. B. He was proud of her speech. C. He was heartbroken. D. He was frank with the audience. 9. A. Have a yard sale. B. Prepare price tags. C. Pick up some bargains. D. Make customers satisfied. 10. A. Being loyal to a brand makes no sense. B. He will stick to his usual brand of shoes. C. The man finds the shoes very comfortable. D. The man thinks this pair of shoes needs to be tested. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They cannot sleep well before sports day. B. Only a few school children can win the championship. C. They may fail to live up to the expectations of their parents or coaches. D. They may fall down halfway through the race and feel ashamed of themselves. 12. A. They didn’t deserve to suffer. B. They needed help building their character. C. Participation mattered more than winning for them. D. They were honorable for keeping school traditions alive. 13. A. Parents should take part in it as well. B. It should be replaced with team sports. C. More competitive events should be added. D. More school children should get involved in it. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. By providing the writer with a description of as many details as possible. B. By helping the writer choose the perfect word to go with his/her thought. C. By making the writer pay attention to further enhancing literary complexity. D. By reminding him that every word should help push the plot forward in some way. 15. A. Focusing on keeping the story moving. B. Inspiring an author with ideas for the plot. C. Having an improved sense of expressiveness. D. Being better able to distinguish between imagination and reality. 16. A. Writers should spend more time on wording than on other things. B. Directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers. C. Book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry. D. Film-making techniques can help book writers to improve themselves. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Parent and child. D. Professor and student. 18. A. She can cook her favorite food. B. She can finally have some privacy. C. She can keep her room clean and tidy. D. She doesn’t get along well with her sister. 19. A. He cannot understand recipes. B. He has trouble socializing with others. C. He is not good at doing household chores. D. It is easy for him to get into financial trouble. 20. A. Prepare food on her own. B. Work out a weekly budget. C. Go to parties and clubs less often. D. Have a part-time job to earn more. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’) Section A (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Stammerer I was walking to my home in Toronto when a well-dressed man politely stopped me to ask for directions. “Could you tell me which way to Bloor and...” He struggled to get the next word out, a pained look on his face, but I knew better than ____1____(finish) his sentence for him. “... Bathurst?” he said after several seconds of straining. When I started to answer, he told me that he didn’t actually need to know. He ____2____ (practice) stammering (口吃) openly, he explained, hoping to become more confident doing so around strangers. I lit up with excitement. “Are you doing that because it’s National Stammering Awareness Day?” I asked, always eager to connect with other people who stammer. When the man asked how I knew that, I said that I grew up with a stammer. He nodded, looking a bit wistful: “And I suppose your stammer has magically disappeared since then?” His question gave me pause. While it’s true that my stammer was more noticeable when I was a child, this was partially ____3____ I’d since found workarounds for difficult words and sounds, helping me hide the worst of it. When I answered his question, I opted for ____4____ (simple) explanation: that I had grown out of my stammer. But was this true? Most people who meet me don’t notice my stammer, or, if they do, they chalk it up to shyness or insecurity. While most of the time I don’t stammer overtly (明显地), many of my choices are still guided by a deep fear of disfluency. Stammerers like me, those who can pass as reasonably fluent, are called ”covert“ stammerers, ____5____(mean) that the most prominent features of our stammers aren’t the overt ones — the syllable repetition, prolonged sounds and vocal blocks usually associated with stammering — but the things we do to hide them. Vocal disfluency can deeply impact a person’s decisions. For example, most stammerers have difficulty saying their names. When asked my name, I always respond with a rushed “My name is Isabel,” ____6____ just “Isabel,” a trick that usually works, even if it often sounds clunky and awkward. My worst nightmare is a circle of strangers saying their names one at a time. Despite being a social person, I generally avoid situations ____7____ I have to meet many new people at once. This common experience for stammerers ____8____ complicate our social and professional lives. “I can only imagine how many people think I’m an aloof (冷漠的) person based on how rarely I introduce myself to someone new,” says Sophia Stewart, a Brooklyn-based journalist who has written about her covert stammer. “Mostly I just don’t introduce myself ____9____it is absolutely necessary. I try not to think about how many ____10____ (miss) opportunities and bad first impressions this has resulted in.” Section B (10’) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. central B. clarify C. awkwardly D. distress E. consideration F. retirement G. cover H. rigid I. potentially J. beneficiaries K. filling Fillings for ‘the Sandwich Generation’ There’s a moment in your late forties or fifties when life seems to become complicated. This should be a time when you enjoy the fruits of your earlier labors: an established career, children largely grown up and the loan mostly paid off. On top of this, as future ____11____ of baby boomer parents, you stand to benefit from a record wave of inheritance. But it’s not so easy, is it? The economic turmoil (混乱) of recent years has hit this age group hard, with many people now in financial ____12____, even if others are still doing well. This group belongs to the Sandwich Generation, sitting____13____ in the middle of the generational spectrum Clients often come to us to discuss how they can best help at both ends of the spectrum. However, they should not forget that an important ____14____ is whether they have enough to fund their own retirement? The question is especially important when future investment returns are more uncertain than recent years, and inflation, while declining, is still high. Extending the sandwich analogy(类比), how much ____15____ can one afford? As regards planning for ____16____, there are key factors to think about: the average inflation rate during retirement, the expected future investment returns and our own longevity. All are largely outside our control. Within our control are other critical aspects. First, ensuring we’re invested in a diversified portfolio (组合) with sufficient equity (股票) exposure to ____17____ a long period of income drawdown. Next, making the most of tax-enhancing wrappers such as pensions and Isas(个人投资账户). Finally, checking we are not overpaying in fees. Knowing how much we need to support our retirement is ____18____ to understanding whether we can help other family members. No one wants to find they have given away too much and are left struggling. Parents want to be generous to their children in their wills. But we find they are keen to understand what they can provide much sooner. There may also be elderly parents to think of -- most of the help they need may be emotional or practical, such as cooking a meal, or doing basic home repairs, rather than financial. Helping them to invest sensibly and keeping fees low can make a real difference to how long their retirement savings last, ____19____ covering additional care costs. And if the savings are not exhausted, there will be additional wealth to pass on. We need to tie down these financial uncertainties and _____20_____ what we can do potentially to help family members earlier in their lives. My advice: face up to being the filling and get on with figuring out just what you can put in your sandwich. III. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed _____21_____ for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not _____22_____. Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and _____23_____ a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. _____24_____, if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to _____25_____ the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve _____26_____. Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can _____27_____ into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t _____28_____ pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to _____29_____ through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive ______30______ in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the ______31______ answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to ______32______ your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is ______33______ fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. ______34______ technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can ______35______ our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 21. A. accomplishment B. assumption C. regulation D. observation 22. A. inevitable B. dispensable C. reverse D. doubtful 23. A. striking B. enduring C. arousing D. maintaining 24. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. For instance D. Instead 25. A. demonstrate B. trace C. discover D. visualize 26. A. recall B. sight C. target D. instinct 27. A. enclose B. integrate C. evolve D. impose 28. A. steadily B. actively C. gradually D. automatically 29. A. adjust B. rush C. gesture D. navigate 30. A. performance B. decline C. awareness D. increase 31. A. modest B. original C. previous D. personal 32. A. engage B. drain C. insert D. fulfill 33. A. devoting to B. concentrating on C. giving in to D. giving up on 34. A. Beware of B. Stick to C. Long for D. Differ from 35. A. counter B. stock C. erode D. strengthen Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Unnecessary Things This Teddy bear once had brown eyes made from special glass — each one had a pupil. The bear itself was gray and stiff, with rough fur. I adored him. Then a lifetime went by. I bought my own apartment in St. Petersburg and was walking around my childhood home collecting my clothes and books while begging my mother for various knickknacks (小摆设) and for old fabrics stored in even older suitcases. No one had any need for this stuff — not my mother and certainly not me — but I like unnecessary things: all the practical, commercial, and persuasive meaning has disappeared from them, any usefulness has disappeared, leaving only their naked souls, their true selves, all that was previously hidden by the hustle and bustle of passing days. While digging in the cupboard under the stairs, surrounded by dirty sacks and old ski poles that none of us could bring ourselves to throw away, searching in the dark in the space between the wall and the storage chest, I found the bear or, to be more precise, his remains: a furry wooden frame with a single front paw, a plastic button for one eye and bits of hanging black thread for the other. I grabbed him, holding him tight, pressing his dusty, worn body to me, and closing my eyes to keep the unexpected stream of tears from raining down on him. I just stood there, in the stuffy semi-darkness, listening to the hammering of my heart. Or perhaps it was the bear’s heart — who’s to know? I took him with me to my new apartment. Everything there was insultingly new — that is, unfamiliar and alien. The place was full of items bought at antique and secondhand shops, items that had previously belonged to other people and had not yet adjusted to their new habitat. I did my best to soften the strangeness of these foreign chests of drawers and sideboards with my mother’s knickknacks and fabrics. I placed the bear on my bed, not knowing what else to do with him. That night, I slept with my arm around him; he weakly returned the hug with his solitary paw. Opening my eyes in the underwater dimness of this pale midnight, I could see the black thread hanging from his miserable little eye socket (眼眶). I stroked his wooden head; it was covered with scars. I touched his ears. However, something about him, about the way his remaining paw rested against me, unsettled me. The years had hollowed him out, leaving only a fragile shadow of what he once was. I felt the weight of his presence, heavy with memory yet empty of warmth. In the morning, I left for Moscow. And when I came back, a month later, the bear was gone. He wasn’t on the bed, or under it; he wasn’t in any of the closets. He was nowhere to be found. Nowhere. 36. What does the bear’s condition symbolize when the author finds it? A. The passage of time and the fading of the past. B. The author’s childhood neglect. C. How material possessions lose value over time. D. That the bear was never truly important to the author. 37. Why does the author include details about her new apartment in St. Petersburg? A. To show that she has moved on from childhood and embraced a modern lifestyle. B. To explain why she needed to collect old fabrics and knickknacks from her mother’s house. C. To highlight the contrast between the new, unfamiliar space and the familiar objects from her past. D. To emphasize that the apartment feels empty and lifeless without personal belongings. 38. What does the writer mean by saying “The years had hollowed him out, leaving only a fragile shadow of what he once was”? A. The bear has become physically damaged and worn out over time. B. The bear has lost its emotional warmth and now feels empty. C. The narrator has completely forgotten the feelings she once had for the bear. D. The bear is no longer important because the narrator has grown up. 39. What does “unnecessary things” refer to in the passage? A. Objects that have no sentimental value and should be thrown away. B. Items that are still useful but no longer fashionable. C. Old things that take up living spaces and should be replaced. D. Things that have lost their original function but still hold emotional significance. (B) Become a Volunteer Your time and talent can make a real difference in people’s lives. Sign Up for Our Most-Needed Positions (Please note, every community’s needs are different so availability may vary.) Blood Donor Ambassador As a Blood Donor Ambassador volunteer, you will engage donors by greeting, registering, answering questions, providing information, and supporting them through the recovery process at the refreshments table. The special attention you would provide helps create a favorable impression that encourages ongoing donor support. Blood Transportation Specialist Join a lifesaving blood support team in your community. As a Transportation Specialist volunteer, you will be the critical link between blood donors and blood recipients by delivering blood or other blood products to a hospital. Disaster Action Team (DAT) Join a team that responds to an average of about 65,000 emergencies every year. We supply all the training you need. Shelter Volunteer When disasters strike and people are displaced from their home, you can be the shelter in the storm. Shelter volunteers work directly with residents to ensure their basic needs are met as well as help them access additional services. If you are a calm and compassionate person, this is the opportunity for you. Join today and start your training. This way you can be ready to respond when the next major disaster strikes. Frequently Asked Questions How to Volunteer The first step to becoming a Red Cross volunteer is to apply using our volunteer management system, Volunteer Connection. You can begin by creating a Red Cross ID on the right side of the page. If you are a new volunteer and need application support, please e-mail our team at VIPC@redcross.org or call to speak to a member of our team at 1-844-621-4243 [10AM to 7PM M-F, 10AM – 4 PM Sat]. If you have volunteered previously with the Red Cross and looking to get back involved, please reach out to our team by e-mailing reactivatemyaccount@redcross.org. Once your application is processed, you will be contacted by your local Red Cross to discuss next steps and the volunteer opportunities that are available in your community. Having a tech issue with our Volunteer Connection? If you are having a technical issue with your Volunteer Connection account or the Volunteer Connection website, please contact the IT Service Desk by calling: 1 (888) 778-7762. Group Volunteer Offers Group volunteering is arranged through your local Red Cross chapter, so please contact your local Red Cross region’s Volunteer Services staff to assist you. Visit Redcross.org > Local Red Cross and enter your zip code to locate your local Region’s website for contact information. Volunteer for Disaster (U.S) The Red Cross greatly appreciates your interest in volunteering! The need to help during disasters has never been greater. The first step to becoming a Red Cross Disaster Responder is to apply using our volunteer management system Volunteer Connection. Visit redcross.org/volunteertoday to sign up for opportunities with your local chapter. Once your application has been processed, you will be contacted to discuss next steps. Please note: If you see a disaster on the news, do not go to the disaster area to help. Only trained disaster volunteers who have been deployed by a disaster relief organization should go to those affected areas. The first step to becoming a Red Cross volunteer is to create a Red Cross ID using our volunteer management system, Volunteer Connection. If you did not find the answer to your volunteer question, please email VolunteerResources@redcross.org. 40. Each of the following statements correctly describes one of the four volunteer positions EXCEPT: A. A Blood Transportation Specialist handles both the collection and distribution of donated blood. B. A Blood Donor Ambassador plays a key role in maintaining long-term donor engagement by ensuring a positive experience. C. A Disaster Action Team (DAT) member must complete training before being called into service. D. A Shelter Volunteer provides displaced individuals with basic necessities and connects them to additional services. 41. Suppose you see a disaster on the news and feel the urge to help immediately. What should you do? A. Travel to the disaster site and offer assistance B. Call the Red Cross and ask for an emergency assignment C. Apply to be a disaster responder and wait for training D. Donate blood instead, since volunteers are not needed in disaster areas 42. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. If a former Red Cross volunteer decides to contribute again, he/ she should submit a new application through Volunteer Connection as if they were a first-time volunteer. B. If a new Red Cross volunteer is having trouble accessing the Volunteer Connection website due to a login error, he/ she should email VolunteerResources@redcross.org. C. If a large corporate group wants to volunteer for the Red Cross in a structured way, they should call the IT Service Desk for guidance on group sign-ups. D. If an applicant submits their volunteer application but does not receive a response within a reasonable time, he/she should reach out to their local Red Cross chapter for updates. (C) Keytruda, a cancer-immunotherapy medicine, ranks among the most profitable drugs ever sold. Since its launch in 2014 it has generated over $130bn in sales for Merck, its American maker. In September last year an experimental drug did what none had done before. In late-stage trials for non-small-cell lung cancer, it nearly doubled the time patients lived without the disease worsening—to 11.1 months, compared with 5.8 months for Keytruda. The results were stunning. So too was the nationality of the company behind them. Akeso, a biotech firm, is Chinese. In recent months China’s progress in artificial intelligence has stunned the world. A quieter, yet equally significant shift is under way in biotech. China has long been known for mass-producing generic drugs, supplying raw ingredients and running clinical trials for the pharmaceutical(制药的) world. But its drugmakers are now also at the cutting edge, producing innovative medicines that are cheaper than the ones they compete with. As a consequence, Western drugmakers are increasingly looking east for ideas. Because of expiring(将要到期的) drug patents, they stand to lose as much as $140bn a year in sales by the end of the decade. Last year nearly a third of their large licensing deals they struck—those worth $50m or more—were with Chinese firms, triple the share of 2020. In November Merck paid $588m to LaNova Medicines, another Chinese biotech firm, to secure rights to a therapy similar to that produced by Akeso. China’s government identified biotech as a strategic priority nearly two decades ago. But it was not until 2015 that things really took off, after the national drug regulator launched ambitious reforms. It took on more staff and cleared a backlog(积压) of 20,000 drug applications in just two years. Clinical trials were streamlined and brought into step with global standards. A study by Yimin Cui of Peking University and colleagues found that the time taken to approve the first round of human trials fell to 87 days, from 501 days before the reforms. The reforms coincided with a wave of returning “sea turtles”, the term for Chinese scientists who had studied or worked abroad. China’s vast domestic market added momentum, by drawing every major drugmaker to its shores, bringing know-how and talent. Easier listing rules gave biotech investors a clearer path to exit, making the sector more attractive. With more brains and money, Chinese firms moved beyond copying Western drugs. Instead of waiting for patents to expire and making identical non-branded drugs, they adopted a “fast-follower” strategy—taking known drugs and modifying them to improve safety, efficacy or delivery. Drug development typically starts by identifying a target, usually a protein or gene linked to a disease. Scientists then search for molecules that can either block or boost the target’s function. Since fast followers are not starting from scratch, they can run trials at a fraction of the cost and speed. Speed is another advantage, says Michelle Xia, founder of Akeso. “We can do things twice or even three times faster than anywhere else in the world,” she claims. Clinical trials—the longest and most expensive stage of drug development—are faster than in the West. A large patient population makes enrolment easier, and hospitals and doctors are motivated by the government to support research. Faster trials have made Chinese drugs even more attractive to global drugmakers. Though the clinical information is from mostly Chinese patients, rather than a wider sample, it helps investors and pharma firms spot promising treatments. 43. What makes Akeso’s experimental drug particularly noteworthy? A. It proved that Chinese biotech firms could outperform Western pharmaceutical companies in sales. B. It demonstrated significantly improved outcomes compared to Keytruda in treating non-small-cell lung cancer. C. It became the first drug to eliminate cancer in clinical trials. D. It introduced an entirely new class of cancer treatments that had never been explored before. 44. Based on the two charts, what can be inferred about China’s role in drug development and licensing? A. China’s contribution to global drug development has remained stable, but the value of drug licensing deals has grown significantly. B. The United States has maintained its dominance in drug development, while China’s licensed drug deals have declined. C. The global pharmaceutical industry has shifted away from China, as indicated by the declining percentage of active drugs developed there. D. While China’s share of active drug development has increased, the value of drugs licensed from China has also surged in recent years. 45. What is the most significant factor enabling China’s rapid rise in biotech? A. Its ability to completely avoid Western regulations and operate without restrictions B. The global decline in Western pharmaceutical research due to high costs C. The exclusive use of AI-driven drug discovery, eliminating traditional methods D. A combination of government support, returning talent, and a vast domestic market 46. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage? A. The Rise and Fall of Western Pharmaceutical Giants B. Keytruda’s Decline and the Future of Cancer Treatment C. China’s Biotech Revolution: A New Global Leader in Drug Innovation D. The End of Big Pharma: How China is Taking Over Drug Development Section C (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Its ice cream and drinks are under $1 during China’s economic slump. Its mascot looks like the love child of Frosty the Snowman and the Michelin Man. And its stores relentlessly blare a jingle set to the tune of “Oh! Susanna.” _____47_____ Pronounced ME-schway, the Chinese company is found across Asia and Australia. It ended last year with 45,000 stores, according to research firm Technomic, after more than doubling its locations in three years.The company raised more than $400 million in an initial public offering of its shares in Hong Kong on Monday. The stock closed at 43% above its IPO price, giving Mixue a valuation of more than $10 billion. It isn’t done expanding. ____48____ The menu is short and very sweet. It includes the signature ice-cream cone, variations on bubble tea and a lemonade that made Mixue China’s biggest purchaser of lemons. It helps that Mixue charges below-average franchising (特许经营) fees. ____49____ Credit the Snow King — and the jingle. A roly-poly mascot, Snow King has become a national icon on par with Ronald McDonald and Colonel Sanders. Just as ubiquitous is Mixue’s theme song, which plays in stores. The lyrics to the English version: “I love you. You love me. Mixue Ice Cream and Tea.” On a recent afternoon in Singapore, a Mixue store drew in Julian Eymann, an American who visits the country often. He skipped the rival shop across the street. “This ice cream is better than McDonald’s,” Eymann said. But he had one complaint: “_____50_____”. A. Mixue was founded in 1997 by Zhang Hongchao, who opened a store selling shaved ice in Henan, a Chinese heartland province. B. The song’s gotta go, because it’s got to torture the employees. C. Mixue said in its IPO filing that it planned to keep growing — while acknowledging the risk that its existing stores could be consumed by new ones. D. It intended to become more global, but didn’t mention plans to enter the U.S. E. Low prices alone don’t explain how Mixue integrated itself in Chinese pop culture. F. This recipe helped Mixue Ice Cream and Tea become the world’s biggest food-and-beverage chain by number of locations, topping McDonald’s and Starbucks. IV. Summary Writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Rock Climbing — conservationists’ new concern Now, with its first appearance at this year’s Tokyo Olympics, the once minority sport is set to reach new heights. Yet the popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or safety belts), is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk — a common and essential climbing tool. Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), climbing chalk is the same substance that gymnasts and weightlifters use to improve their grasp on bars and weights. In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk’s properties of removing water and increasing friction (摩擦力) — and have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world. The resulting “chalk graffiti” has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah’s Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado’s Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark banned all chalk and chalk substitutes. Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk, released October 2020, found that it negatively impacted both the growing and survival of four species of ferns and mosses (蕨类和苔藓) inhabiting rocks in laboratory settings. That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study’s focus), host unique ecosystems. These unpredictable boulders — rocks scattered across the globe by large masses of slowly flowing ice at the end of the Ice Age — are islands of vegetation, different from the land they sit on. It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Some climbers may find it helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the 2020 study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (15’) 52. 他削减成本的决定与公司对质量的承诺背道而驰，使得公司前途未卜。(counter)(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 53. 毫无疑问，这个双人机组在滞留在空间站数月后回到地球的消息十分振奋人心。(there be) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 54. 鉴于他在预测市场趋势方面的远见卓识，他很可能通过投资新兴产业而大赚一笔，从而东山再起。(given) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 55. 尽管面临着猛烈的批评，这位刚刚被任命为主席的商界领袖仍然决定针对判决向法庭上诉，坚称自己无罪。(appeal) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing(25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李华，你校外教Mr. Collier计划使用AI工具为学生提供全天候的英语口语练习支持。然而，你认为这种做法可能存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 说明问题； 2. 提出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第二学期高三年级月考试卷 英语学科 (时间120分钟，满分140分) I. Listening Comprehension (25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Their daughter. B. Their fitness coach. C. Their teacher. D. Their former colleague. 2. A. He missed the writing contest. B. He was well prepared for the contest. C. He paid enough attention to his spelling. D. He made spelling mistakes in the contest. 3. A. The woman does weight-lifting to stay fit. B. The woman failed to turn in the paper on time. C. The term paper was a big challenge for the woman. D. The term paper was a piece of cake for the woman. 4. A. He feels proud of the woman. B. The IQ survey is poorly designed. C. The woman is smarter than the man. D. He looks down on the woman’s intelligence. 5. A. The man is a professional cameraman. B. The man is recording the interview for a contest. C. The woman cares about how she looks in the recording. D. The woman discovered her study preferences on school picture day. 6. A. Collect the data. B. Chat with her students. C. Have a drink with the man. D. Discuss the test results with the man. 7. A. The woman has sharp eye-sight. B. Being alone makes a person more insightful. C. Seeing things others miss is a much-needed skill. D. The man wonders why the woman is so insightful. 8. A. He was nervous. B. He was proud of her speech. C. He was heartbroken. D. He was frank with the audience. 9. A. Have a yard sale. B. Prepare price tags. C. Pick up some bargains. D. Make customers satisfied. 10. A. Being loyal to a brand makes no sense. B. He will stick to his usual brand of shoes. C. The man finds the shoes very comfortable. D. The man thinks this pair of shoes needs to be tested. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They cannot sleep well before sports day. B. Only a few school children can win the championship. C. They may fail to live up to the expectations of their parents or coaches. D. They may fall down halfway through the race and feel ashamed of themselves. 12. A. They didn’t deserve to suffer. B. They needed help building their character. C. Participation mattered more than winning for them. D. They were honorable for keeping school traditions alive. 13. A. Parents should take part in it as well. B. It should be replaced with team sports. C. More competitive events should be added. D. More school children should get involved in it. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. By providing the writer with a description of as many details as possible. B. By helping the writer choose the perfect word to go with his/her thought. C. By making the writer pay attention to further enhancing literary complexity. D. By reminding him that every word should help push the plot forward in some way. 15. A. Focusing on keeping the story moving. B. Inspiring an author with ideas for the plot. C. Having an improved sense of expressiveness. D. Being better able to distinguish between imagination and reality. 16. A. Writers should spend more time on wording than on other things. B. Directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers. C. Book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry. D. Film-making techniques can help book writers to improve themselves. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Parent and child. D. Professor and student. 18. A. She can cook her favorite food. B. She can finally have some privacy. C. She can keep her room clean and tidy. D. She doesn’t get along well with her sister. 19. A. He cannot understand recipes. B. He has trouble socializing with others. C. He is not good at doing household chores. D. It is easy for him to get into financial trouble. 20. A. Prepare food on her own. B. Work out a weekly budget. C. Go to parties and clubs less often. D. Have a part-time job to earn more. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’) Section A (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Stammerer I was walking to my home in Toronto when a well-dressed man politely stopped me to ask for directions. “Could you tell me which way to Bloor and...” He struggled to get the next word out, a pained look on his face, but I knew better than ____1____(finish) his sentence for him. “... Bathurst?” he said after several seconds of straining. When I started to answer, he told me that he didn’t actually need to know. He ____2____ (practice) stammering (口吃) openly, he explained, hoping to become more confident doing so around strangers. I lit up with excitement. “Are you doing that because it’s National Stammering Awareness Day?” I asked, always eager to connect with other people who stammer. When the man asked how I knew that, I said that I grew up with a stammer. He nodded, looking a bit wistful: “And I suppose your stammer has magically disappeared since then?” His question gave me pause. While it’s true that my stammer was more noticeable when I was a child, this was partially ____3____ I’d since found workarounds for difficult words and sounds, helping me hide the worst of it. When I answered his question, I opted for ____4____ (simple) explanation: that I had grown out of my stammer. But was this true? Most people who meet me don’t notice my stammer, or, if they do, they chalk it up to shyness or insecurity. While most of the time I don’t stammer overtly (明显地), many of my choices are still guided by a deep fear of disfluency. Stammerers like me, those who can pass as reasonably fluent, are called ”covert“ stammerers, ____5____(mean) that the most prominent features of our stammers aren’t the overt ones — the syllable repetition, prolonged sounds and vocal blocks usually associated with stammering — but the things we do to hide them. Vocal disfluency can deeply impact a person’s decisions. For example, most stammerers have difficulty saying their names. When asked my name, I always respond with a rushed “My name is Isabel,” ____6____ just “Isabel,” a trick that usually works, even if it often sounds clunky and awkward. My worst nightmare is a circle of strangers saying their names one at a time. Despite being a social person, I generally avoid situations ____7____ I have to meet many new people at once. This common experience for stammerers ____8____ complicate our social and professional lives. “I can only imagine how many people think I’m an aloof (冷漠的) person based on how rarely I introduce myself to someone new,” says Sophia Stewart, a Brooklyn-based journalist who has written about her covert stammer. “Mostly I just don’t introduce myself ____9____it is absolutely necessary. I try not to think about how many ____10____ (miss) opportunities and bad first impressions this has resulted in.” 【答案】1. to finish 2. was practicing 3. because 4. the simplest 5. meaning 6. rather than 7. where 8. can 9. unless 10. missed 【解析】 【导语】作者结合自身经历，讲述了隐性口吃者的日常困扰、自我掩饰方式以及口吃对社交和生活带来的负面影响。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他费力地想说出下一个词，脸上露出痛苦的神情，但我很清楚不该替他说完这句话。固定结构better than to do sth.表示“不该做某事”，此处需填入动词不定式。 【2题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他解释道，他当时正在公开练习口吃，希望能在陌生人面前变得更加自信。此处为主句谓语，结合上下文语境，男子当时正在进行练习的动作，应用过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用was practicing。 【3题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：诚然，我小时候的口吃更明显，但这部分是因为我后来找到了应对难读单词和发音的变通方法，帮我掩盖了最严重的口吃状况。此处引导表语从句，结合句意，此处解释原因，应用连接词because。 【4题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：当他问我这个问题时，我选择了最简单的解释：我的口吃随着成长自行消失了。结合语境，作者刻意挑选了最简单的说法，需用形容词最高级。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：像我这样可以伪装成说话基本流利的口吃者被称为“隐性”口吃者，这意味着我们口吃最显著的特征并非外在表现。本句已有谓语动词are called，此处为现在分词作结果状语，前面整句话与mean为主动关系，应用现在分词。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：当被问到名字时，我总是急促地回答“我叫伊莎贝尔”，而不是只说“伊莎贝尔”，这个技巧通常管用，即便听起来常常生硬尴尬。根据上文“ For example, most stammerers have difficulty saying their names. ”可知，口吃的人很难只说自己的名字，因此当作者被问名字时她会回答“我叫伊莎贝尔”，而不是只说“伊莎贝尔”，表示“而不是”用rather than。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：尽管我擅长社交，但我通常会避开需要一次性认识很多陌生人的场合。此处为定语从句，先行词为situations，表抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 【8题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：口吃者的这种普遍经历会困扰我们的社交和职业生活。结合语境，此处表示客观可能性，意为“会、可能”，用情态动词can。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：大多数时候，除非绝对必要，否则我不会主动自我介绍。结合句意，此处表示“除非”，用unless引导条件状语从句。 【10题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我尽量不去想这造成了多少错失的机会和糟糕的第一印象。此处修饰名词opportunities，需用形容词作定语，miss对应的形容词missed表示“错过的”。 Section B (10’) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. central B. clarify C. awkwardly D. distress E. consideration F. retirement G. cover H. rigid I. potentially J. beneficiaries K. filling Fillings for ‘the Sandwich Generation’ There’s a moment in your late forties or fifties when life seems to become complicated. This should be a time when you enjoy the fruits of your earlier labors: an established career, children largely grown up and the loan mostly paid off. On top of this, as future ____11____ of baby boomer parents, you stand to benefit from a record wave of inheritance. But it’s not so easy, is it? The economic turmoil (混乱) of recent years has hit this age group hard, with many people now in financial ____12____, even if others are still doing well. This group belongs to the Sandwich Generation, sitting____13____ in the middle of the generational spectrum Clients often come to us to discuss how they can best help at both ends of the spectrum. However, they should not forget that an important ____14____ is whether they have enough to fund their own retirement? The question is especially important when future investment returns are more uncertain than recent years, and inflation, while declining, is still high. Extending the sandwich analogy(类比), how much ____15____ can one afford? As regards planning for ____16____, there are key factors to think about: the average inflation rate during retirement, the expected future investment returns and our own longevity. All are largely outside our control. Within our control are other critical aspects. First, ensuring we’re invested in a diversified portfolio (组合) with sufficient equity (股票) exposure to ____17____ a long period of income drawdown. Next, making the most of tax-enhancing wrappers such as pensions and Isas(个人投资账户). Finally, checking we are not overpaying in fees. Knowing how much we need to support our retirement is ____18____ to understanding whether we can help other family members. No one wants to find they have given away too much and are left struggling. Parents want to be generous to their children in their wills. But we find they are keen to understand what they can provide much sooner. There may also be elderly parents to think of -- most of the help they need may be emotional or practical, such as cooking a meal, or doing basic home repairs, rather than financial. Helping them to invest sensibly and keeping fees low can make a real difference to how long their retirement savings last, ____19____ covering additional care costs. And if the savings are not exhausted, there will be additional wealth to pass on. We need to tie down these financial uncertainties and _____20_____ what we can do potentially to help family members earlier in their lives. My advice: face up to being the filling and get on with figuring out just what you can put in your sandwich. 【答案】11. J 12. D 13. C 14. E 15. K 16. F 17. G 18. A 19. I 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了“三明治一代”的经济状况及规划。“三明治一代”指四五十岁左右，上有老下有小，面临多种经济压力的人群。文章探讨了他们在资助自身退休生活、帮助上下两代人等方面所面临的问题及应对建议。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：除此之外，作为婴儿潮一代父母未来的受益人，你有望从创纪录的一波遗产浪潮中受益。根据“stand to benefit from a record wave of inheritance”可知，这里指未来从父母遗产中受益的人，beneficiaries“受益人”作宾语。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：近年来的经济动荡给这个年龄段的人带来了沉重打击，许多人现在陷入了财务困境，尽管其他人仍然过得很好。根据“The economic turmoil (混乱) of recent years has hit this age group hard”可知，许多人现在陷入了财务困境。distress意思是“困境；苦恼”。“in financial distress”为固定短语，意为“陷入财务困境”，作宾语。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：这一群体属于三明治一代，尴尬地夹在两代人之间。根据“in the middle of the generational spectrum”可知，这是一种尴尬的处境，awkwardly“尴尬地”作状语符合语境。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，他们不应忘记一个重要的考虑因素是他们是否有足够的资金来维持自己的退休生活？根据“whether they have enough to fund their own retirement”可知，这是一个需要考虑的重要方面，consideration“考虑”符合语境。作宾语。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：延续“三明治”这个类比，一个人能负担多少馅料呢？根据前文“Extending the sandwich analogy”可知，这里将资助自己退休生活类比为三明治中的馅料，filling“馅料”符合语境，作宾语。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：关于退休规划，有几个关键因素需要考虑：退休期间的平均通货膨胀率、预期的未来投资回报以及我们自己的寿命。根据“there are key factors to think about: the average inflation rate during retirement”可知，这是关于退休规划。retirement“退休”符合，作宾语。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：首先，确保我们投资于多元化的投资组合，有足够的股票投资，以支付长期的收入提取。根据“a long period of income drawdown.”可知，有足够的股票投资，以支付长期的收入提取。cover“足以支付；覆盖”。符合语境，不定式作目的状语。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：清楚我们退休所需的资金数额，是判断我们能否接济家中其他亲人的关键。根据“Knowing how much we need to support our retirement”可知，空处表示“至关重要的”，central“最重要的”符合语境，作表语。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：帮助他们明智地投资并保持低费用，对于他们的退休储蓄能维持多久可能会产生真正的影响，这可能涵盖额外的护理费用。修饰动词“covering”，表示这种影响可能涵盖额外护理费用，potentially“可能地；潜在地”符合语境。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们需要解决这些财务不确定性，并弄清楚我们在早期生活中可能为家庭成员做些什么。and连接两个并列的动词，与“tie down”并列，这里指弄清楚能为家人做什么，clarify“澄清；阐明；弄清楚”符合语境。 III. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed _____21_____ for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not _____22_____. Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and _____23_____ a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. _____24_____, if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to _____25_____ the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve _____26_____. Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can _____27_____ into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t _____28_____ pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to _____29_____ through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive ______30______ in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the ______31______ answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to ______32______ your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is ______33______ fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. ______34______ technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can ______35______ our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 21. A. accomplishment B. assumption C. regulation D. observation 22. A. inevitable B. dispensable C. reverse D. doubtful 23. A. striking B. enduring C. arousing D. maintaining 24. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. For instance D. Instead 25. A. demonstrate B. trace C. discover D. visualize 26. A. recall B. sight C. target D. instinct 27. A. enclose B. integrate C. evolve D. impose 28. A. steadily B. actively C. gradually D. automatically 29. A. adjust B. rush C. gesture D. navigate 30. A. performance B. decline C. awareness D. increase 31. A. modest B. original C. previous D. personal 32. A. engage B. drain C. insert D. fulfill 33. A. devoting to B. concentrating on C. giving in to D. giving up on 34. A. Beware of B. Stick to C. Long for D. Differ from 35. A. counter B. stock C. erode D. strengthen 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位神经学家提出的保护记忆力的建议。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们中的许多人来说，这是一个固定的假设；然而，根据神经学家、神经病学临床教授理查德·雷斯塔克博士的说法，衰退并非不可避免。A. accomplishment完成；B. assumption假设；C. regulation管理；D. observation观察。根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的记忆力会下降，这是一个普遍的假设。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同1题。A. inevitable不可避免的；B. dispensable可有可无的；C. reverse相反的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据转折词however 可知，前后句意相反，根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，上文提到记忆力下降是一个普遍的假设，下文则说衰退并非不可避免。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：以下是雷斯塔克博士提出的一些培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。A. striking打击；B. enduring忍受；C. arousing唤醒；D. maintaining保持。根据上文“Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and”可知，此处指培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你忘记了在鸡尾酒会上遇到的一个人的名字，可能是因为你当时在和几个人聊天。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Moreover此外；C. For instance例如；D. Instead代替。根据上文“Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems.”可知，此处是对上文的举例说明。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你学习新信息时，集中注意力的一种方法是将这个词形象化。A. demonstrate证明；B. trace追踪；C. discover发现；D. visualize使形象化。根据下文“Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve”可知，此处指将单词形象化。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克说，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。A. recall回忆；B. sight视力；C. target目标；D. instinct本能。根据上文“Having a picture associated with the word”可知，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有许多记忆练习你可以融入日常生活。A. enclose围绕；B. integrate融入；C. evolve发展；D. impose强加。根据下文“…into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it.”可知，此处指将记忆练习融入日常生活。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你去商店时，不要自动拿出你的清单（或手机）——相反，根据你的记忆拿起每一件东西。A. steadily稳定地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. automatically自动地。根据下文“instead, pick up everything according to your memory.”可知，此处指不要不假思索地拿出清单。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，在不打开 GPS 的情况下上车，试着凭记忆在街道上导航。A. adjust调整；B. rush冲；C. gesture做手势；D. navigate导航。根据上文“Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS,”可知，此处指不依靠GPS在街道上凭记忆导航。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020 年的一项小型研究表明，随着时间的推移，经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力下降得更厉害。A. performance表现；B. decline下降；C. awareness意识；D. increase增加。根据上文“people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive”可知，此处指经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力有变化，分析选项，B项“decline下降”表达的含义符合语境。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为要想成功，提问者必须记住所有之前的答案，才能猜出正确答案。A. modest谦虚的；B. original原来的；C. previous之前的；D. personal个人的。根据下文“in order to guess the correct answer.”可知，此处指提问者必须记住所有之前的答案。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键是要让你的工作记忆参与进来，“保持信息并在脑海中移动它，”雷斯塔克写道。A. engage参与；B. drain排出；C. insert插入；D. fulfill履行。根据下文“maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,”可知，此处指让工作记忆参与进来。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，记忆问题的一个早期迹象是放弃阅读小说。A. devoting to致力于；B. concentrating on集中精力于；C. giving in to屈服于；D. giving up on放弃。根据下文“People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,”可知，此处指放弃阅读小说。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小心科技。A. Beware of小心；B. Stick to坚持；C. Long for渴望；D. Differ from不同于。根据下文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can erode our own mental abilities.”可知，此处指小心科技的不利影响。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，把所有东西都储存在手机上意味着“你不知道它”，这会削弱我们自己的心智能力。A. counter对抗；B. stock储备；C. erode削弱；D. strengthen加强。根据上文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,””可知，此处指削弱我们自己的心智能力。故选C。 Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Unnecessary Things This Teddy bear once had brown eyes made from special glass — each one had a pupil. The bear itself was gray and stiff, with rough fur. I adored him. Then a lifetime went by. I bought my own apartment in St. Petersburg and was walking around my childhood home collecting my clothes and books while begging my mother for various knickknacks (小摆设) and for old fabrics stored in even older suitcases. No one had any need for this stuff — not my mother and certainly not me — but I like unnecessary things: all the practical, commercial, and persuasive meaning has disappeared from them, any usefulness has disappeared, leaving only their naked souls, their true selves, all that was previously hidden by the hustle and bustle of passing days. While digging in the cupboard under the stairs, surrounded by dirty sacks and old ski poles that none of us could bring ourselves to throw away, searching in the dark in the space between the wall and the storage chest, I found the bear or, to be more precise, his remains: a furry wooden frame with a single front paw, a plastic button for one eye and bits of hanging black thread for the other. I grabbed him, holding him tight, pressing his dusty, worn body to me, and closing my eyes to keep the unexpected stream of tears from raining down on him. I just stood there, in the stuffy semi-darkness, listening to the hammering of my heart. Or perhaps it was the bear’s heart — who’s to know? I took him with me to my new apartment. Everything there was insultingly new — that is, unfamiliar and alien. The place was full of items bought at antique and secondhand shops, items that had previously belonged to other people and had not yet adjusted to their new habitat. I did my best to soften the strangeness of these foreign chests of drawers and sideboards with my mother’s knickknacks and fabrics. I placed the bear on my bed, not knowing what else to do with him. That night, I slept with my arm around him; he weakly returned the hug with his solitary paw. Opening my eyes in the underwater dimness of this pale midnight, I could see the black thread hanging from his miserable little eye socket (眼眶). I stroked his wooden head; it was covered with scars. I touched his ears. However, something about him, about the way his remaining paw rested against me, unsettled me. The years had hollowed him out, leaving only a fragile shadow of what he once was. I felt the weight of his presence, heavy with memory yet empty of warmth. In the morning, I left for Moscow. And when I came back, a month later, the bear was gone. He wasn’t on the bed, or under it; he wasn’t in any of the closets. He was nowhere to be found. Nowhere. 36. What does the bear’s condition symbolize when the author finds it? A. The passage of time and the fading of the past. B. The author’s childhood neglect. C. How material possessions lose value over time. D. That the bear was never truly important to the author. 37. Why does the author include details about her new apartment in St. Petersburg? A. To show that she has moved on from childhood and embraced a modern lifestyle. B. To explain why she needed to collect old fabrics and knickknacks from her mother’s house. C. To highlight the contrast between the new, unfamiliar space and the familiar objects from her past. D. To emphasize that the apartment feels empty and lifeless without personal belongings. 38. What does the writer mean by saying “The years had hollowed him out, leaving only a fragile shadow of what he once was”? A. The bear has become physically damaged and worn out over time. B. The bear has lost its emotional warmth and now feels empty. C. The narrator has completely forgotten the feelings she once had for the bear. D. The bear is no longer important because the narrator has grown up. 39. What does “unnecessary things” refer to in the passage? A. Objects that have no sentimental value and should be thrown away. B. Items that are still useful but no longer fashionable. C. Old things that take up living spaces and should be replaced. D. Things that have lost their original function but still hold emotional significance. 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 【解析】 【导语】作者通过残破旧泰迪熊的故事，抒发无用旧物承载回忆、寄托温情的独特意义。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I found the bear or, to be more precise, his remains: a furry wooden frame with a single front paw, a plastic button for one eye and bits of hanging black thread for the other.(我找到了这只小熊，更准确地说，它的残骸：带绒毛的木骨架、仅存一只前爪，一只眼睛是塑料纽扣，另一只只剩几缕黑线垂着)”与第七段中的“The years had hollowed him out, leaving only a fragile shadow of what he once was.(岁月将它掏空，如今只剩昔日模样脆弱的残影。)”可知，小熊残破不堪的模样象征时光流逝、往昔回忆逐渐褪色。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Everything there was insultingly new — that is, unfamiliar and alien. The place was full of items bought at antique and secondhand shops, items that had previously belonged to other people and had not yet adjusted to their new habitat. I did my best to soften the strangeness of these foreign chests of drawers and sideboards with my mother’s knickknacks and fabrics.(那里的一切都崭新得令人不适 —— 准确来说，是陌生又格格不入。屋子里摆满了从古董店和二手店淘来的物件，这些东西曾属于别人，还没能适应这个新居所。我尽力摆上母亲留下的小摆件与布艺织品，冲淡这些陌生斗柜、餐边柜带来的疏离感)”可知，描写新公寓是为了形成对比：全新陌生的居住空间，与承载过往记忆的旧物件反差鲜明。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第七段中的“I felt the weight of his presence, heavy with memory yet empty of warmth.(我能清晰感受到他的存在感，这份感觉满载回忆，却毫无温情可言。)”可知，这句话不只是说小熊身体破损，更深层指它失去了曾经带给作者的情感温度，只剩空洞。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“No one had any need for this stuff — not my mother and certainly not me — but I like unnecessary things: all the practical, commercial, and persuasive meaning has disappeared from them, any usefulness has disappeared, leaving only their naked souls, their true selves, all that was previously hidden by the hustle and bustle of passing days.(没人真正需要这些物件，可我偏爱这些无用之物：它们失去一切实用、商业价值，只剩下纯粹本身与藏在岁月喧嚣下的情感内核)”可知，文中“无用之物”指失去原有实用功能，却饱含情感意义的旧物件。 (B) Become a Volunteer Your time and talent can make a real difference in people’s lives. Sign Up for Our Most-Needed Positions (Please note, every community’s needs are different so availability may vary.) Blood Donor Ambassador As a Blood Donor Ambassador volunteer, you will engage donors by greeting, registering, answering questions, providing information, and supporting them through the recovery process at the refreshments table. The special attention you would provide helps create a favorable impression that encourages ongoing donor support. Blood Transportation Specialist Join a lifesaving blood support team in your community. As a Transportation Specialist volunteer, you will be the critical link between blood donors and blood recipients by delivering blood or other blood products to a hospital. Disaster Action Team (DAT) Join a team that responds to an average of about 65,000 emergencies every year. We supply all the training you need. Shelter Volunteer When disasters strike and people are displaced from their home, you can be the shelter in the storm. Shelter volunteers work directly with residents to ensure their basic needs are met as well as help them access additional services. If you are a calm and compassionate person, this is the opportunity for you. Join today and start your training. This way you can be ready to respond when the next major disaster strikes. Frequently Asked Questions How to Volunteer The first step to becoming a Red Cross volunteer is to apply using our volunteer management system, Volunteer Connection. You can begin by creating a Red Cross ID on the right side of the page. If you are a new volunteer and need application support, please e-mail our team at VIPC@redcross.org or call to speak to a member of our team at 1-844-621-4243 [10AM to 7PM M-F, 10AM – 4 PM Sat]. If you have volunteered previously with the Red Cross and looking to get back involved, please reach out to our team by e-mailing reactivatemyaccount@redcross.org. Once your application is processed, you will be contacted by your local Red Cross to discuss next steps and the volunteer opportunities that are available in your community. Having a tech issue with our Volunteer Connection? If you are having a technical issue with your Volunteer Connection account or the Volunteer Connection website, please contact the IT Service Desk by calling: 1 (888) 778-7762. Group Volunteer Offers Group volunteering is arranged through your local Red Cross chapter, so please contact your local Red Cross region’s Volunteer Services staff to assist you. Visit Redcross.org > Local Red Cross and enter your zip code to locate your local Region’s website for contact information. Volunteer for Disaster (U.S) The Red Cross greatly appreciates your interest in volunteering! The need to help during disasters has never been greater. The first step to becoming a Red Cross Disaster Responder is to apply using our volunteer management system Volunteer Connection. Visit redcross.org/volunteertoday to sign up for opportunities with your local chapter. Once your application has been processed, you will be contacted to discuss next steps. Please note: If you see a disaster on the news, do not go to the disaster area to help. Only trained disaster volunteers who have been deployed by a disaster relief organization should go to those affected areas. The first step to becoming a Red Cross volunteer is to create a Red Cross ID using our volunteer management system, Volunteer Connection. If you did not find the answer to your volunteer question, please email VolunteerResources@redcross.org. 40. Each of the following statements correctly describes one of the four volunteer positions EXCEPT: A. A Blood Transportation Specialist handles both the collection and distribution of donated blood. B. A Blood Donor Ambassador plays a key role in maintaining long-term donor engagement by ensuring a positive experience. C. A Disaster Action Team (DAT) member must complete training before being called into service. D. A Shelter Volunteer provides displaced individuals with basic necessities and connects them to additional services. 41. Suppose you see a disaster on the news and feel the urge to help immediately. What should you do? A. Travel to the disaster site and offer assistance B. Call the Red Cross and ask for an emergency assignment C. Apply to be a disaster responder and wait for training D. Donate blood instead, since volunteers are not needed in disaster areas 42. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. If a former Red Cross volunteer decides to contribute again, he/ she should submit a new application through Volunteer Connection as if they were a first-time volunteer. B. If a new Red Cross volunteer is having trouble accessing the Volunteer Connection website due to a login error, he/ she should email VolunteerResources@redcross.org. C. If a large corporate group wants to volunteer for the Red Cross in a structured way, they should call the IT Service Desk for guidance on group sign-ups. D. If an applicant submits their volunteer application but does not receive a response within a reasonable time, he/she should reach out to their local Red Cross chapter for updates. 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍红十字会四类志愿者岗位的职责、报名流程、问题咨询渠道及灾害志愿工作的相关注意事项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Blood Donor Ambassador部分“As a Transportation Specialist volunteer, you will be the critical link between blood donors and blood recipients by delivering blood or other blood products to a hospital.(作为运输专员志愿者，你将通过向医院运送血液或其他血液制品，成为献血者和受血者之间的关键纽带)”可知，血液运输专员只负责运送血液，不负责血液采集。A选项“一名血液运输专员同时负责捐献血液的采集与分发工作。”表述错误。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Please note部分“If you see a disaster on the news, do not go to the disaster area to help. Only trained disaster volunteers who have been deployed by a disaster relief organization should go to those affected areas. The first step to becoming a Red Cross volunteer is to create a Red Cross ID using our volunteer management system, Volunteer Connection.(如果你在新闻上看到灾害事件，不要前往灾区帮忙。只有经过培训且由救灾机构派遣的灾害志愿者才可前往受灾地区。成为红十字会志愿者的第一步是通过志愿者管理系统创建红十字会账号)”可知，看到灾害想帮忙，需申请成为灾害响应志愿者并等待培训及派遣。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Once your application is processed, you will be contacted by your local Red Cross to discuss next steps and the volunteer opportunities that are available in your community.(你的申请处理完成后，当地红十字会将联系你，告知后续流程及本地志愿岗位)”可推知，若未收到回复，可联系当地红十字会咨询进度。 (C) Keytruda, a cancer-immunotherapy medicine, ranks among the most profitable drugs ever sold. Since its launch in 2014 it has generated over $130bn in sales for Merck, its American maker. In September last year an experimental drug did what none had done before. In late-stage trials for non-small-cell lung cancer, it nearly doubled the time patients lived without the disease worsening—to 11.1 months, compared with 5.8 months for Keytruda. The results were stunning. So too was the nationality of the company behind them. Akeso, a biotech firm, is Chinese. In recent months China’s progress in artificial intelligence has stunned the world. A quieter, yet equally significant shift is under way in biotech. China has long been known for mass-producing generic drugs, supplying raw ingredients and running clinical trials for the pharmaceutical(制药的) world. But its drugmakers are now also at the cutting edge, producing innovative medicines that are cheaper than the ones they compete with. As a consequence, Western drugmakers are increasingly looking east for ideas. Because of expiring(将要到期的) drug patents, they stand to lose as much as $140bn a year in sales by the end of the decade. Last year nearly a third of their large licensing deals they struck—those worth $50m or more—were with Chinese firms, triple the share of 2020. In November Merck paid $588m to LaNova Medicines, another Chinese biotech firm, to secure rights to a therapy similar to that produced by Akeso. China’s government identified biotech as a strategic priority nearly two decades ago. But it was not until 2015 that things really took off, after the national drug regulator launched ambitious reforms. It took on more staff and cleared a backlog(积压) of 20,000 drug applications in just two years. Clinical trials were streamlined and brought into step with global standards. A study by Yimin Cui of Peking University and colleagues found that the time taken to approve the first round of human trials fell to 87 days, from 501 days before the reforms. The reforms coincided with a wave of returning “sea turtles”, the term for Chinese scientists who had studied or worked abroad. China’s vast domestic market added momentum, by drawing every major drugmaker to its shores, bringing know-how and talent. Easier listing rules gave biotech investors a clearer path to exit, making the sector more attractive. With more brains and money, Chinese firms moved beyond copying Western drugs. Instead of waiting for patents to expire and making identical non-branded drugs, they adopted a “fast-follower” strategy—taking known drugs and modifying them to improve safety, efficacy or delivery. Drug development typically starts by identifying a target, usually a protein or gene linked to a disease. Scientists then search for molecules that can either block or boost the target’s function. Since fast followers are not starting from scratch, they can run trials at a fraction of the cost and speed. Speed is another advantage, says Michelle Xia, founder of Akeso. “We can do things twice or even three times faster than anywhere else in the world,” she claims. Clinical trials—the longest and most expensive stage of drug development—are faster than in the West. A large patient population makes enrolment easier, and hospitals and doctors are motivated by the government to support research. Faster trials have made Chinese drugs even more attractive to global drugmakers. Though the clinical information is from mostly Chinese patients, rather than a wider sample, it helps investors and pharma firms spot promising treatments. 43. What makes Akeso’s experimental drug particularly noteworthy? A. It proved that Chinese biotech firms could outperform Western pharmaceutical companies in sales. B. It demonstrated significantly improved outcomes compared to Keytruda in treating non-small-cell lung cancer. C. It became the first drug to eliminate cancer in clinical trials. D. It introduced an entirely new class of cancer treatments that had never been explored before. 44. Based on the two charts, what can be inferred about China’s role in drug development and licensing? A. China’s contribution to global drug development has remained stable, but the value of drug licensing deals has grown significantly. B. The United States has maintained its dominance in drug development, while China’s licensed drug deals have declined. C. The global pharmaceutical industry has shifted away from China, as indicated by the declining percentage of active drugs developed there. D. While China’s share of active drug development has increased, the value of drugs licensed from China has also surged in recent years. 45. What is the most significant factor enabling China’s rapid rise in biotech? A. Its ability to completely avoid Western regulations and operate without restrictions B. The global decline in Western pharmaceutical research due to high costs C. The exclusive use of AI-driven drug discovery, eliminating traditional methods D. A combination of government support, returning talent, and a vast domestic market 46. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage? A. The Rise and Fall of Western Pharmaceutical Giants B. Keytruda’s Decline and the Future of Cancer Treatment C. China’s Biotech Revolution: A New Global Leader in Drug Innovation D. The End of Big Pharma: How China is Taking Over Drug Development 【答案】43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了中国药企新药抗癌效果优于美爆款药，依托政策改革、归国人才与广阔市场，创新药快速发展，海外药企纷纷来华开展药物授权合作。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In September last year an experimental drug did what none had done before. In late-stage trials for non-small-cell lung cancer, it nearly doubled the time patients lived without the disease worsening—to 11.1 months, compared with 5.8 months for Keytruda.(去年9月，一种实验性药物取得了前所未有的突破：在非小细胞肺癌晚期临床试验中，它使患者无疾病进展的时间几乎翻倍，达到11.1个月，而Keytruda此前仅为5.8个月。)”可知，Akeso的实验性药物之所以特别引人注目，是因为它在治疗非小细胞肺癌方面，与Keytruda相比效果显著提升。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据图表内容显示可知，第一张图显示：2010-2024 年，中国在全球在研药物中的占比持续上升，美国占比相应下降。第二张图显示：2013-2024 年，中国对外授权药物的交易金额从极低水平大幅飙升，近年增长尤为迅猛。可知，根据这两张图表，可以推断出尽管中国在活性药物研发中的份额有所增加，但近年来从中国获得的药品许可价值也大幅上升。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“China’s government identified biotech as a strategic priority nearly two decades ago. But it was not until 2015 that things really took off, after the national drug regulator launched ambitious reforms. It took on more staff and cleared a backlog(积压) of 20,000 drug applications in just two years. Clinical trials were streamlined and brought into step with global standards. A study by Yimin Cui of Peking University and colleagues found that the time taken to approve the first round of human trials fell to 87 days, from 501 days before the reforms.( 中国政府早在近二十年前就已将生物技术列为战略重点。但直到2015年，随着国家药品监管机构启动大规模改革，相关发展才真正加速。该机构增派了更多人员，并在短短两年内清除了长达2万份的药品申请积压。临床试验流程得到简化，并与国际标准接轨。北京大学崔一民及其同事的一项研究发现，在改革前，第一阶段人体试验获批耗时501天，而改革后仅需87天。)”以及第六段中“The reforms coincided with a wave of returning “sea turtles”, the term for Chinese scientists who had studied or worked abroad. China’s vast domestic market added momentum, by drawing every major drugmaker to its shores, bringing know-how and talent.( 这些改革恰逢一波“海龟”回归的浪潮——“海龟”一词指曾在国外学习或工作的中国科学家。中国庞大的国内市场吸引了众多大型制药企业，带来了技术专长和人才，进一步推动了行业发展。)”可知，推动中国生物技术快速崛起的最重要因素是政府支持、人才回流与庞大的国内市场的结合。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Faster trials have made Chinese drugs even more attractive to global drugmakers. Though the clinical information is from mostly Chinese patients, rather than a wider sample, it helps investors and pharma firms spot promising treatments.( 更快的临床试验使中国药品对全球制药企业更具吸引力。尽管临床数据主要来自中国患者，而非更广泛的样本，但这些信息有助于投资者和制药公司发现有前景的治疗方法。)”可知，全文核心主旨是：中国生物科技行业从仿制药、原料供应的定位，逐步走向全球创新药研发的前沿，在研发管线、对外授权、技术实力上都实现了突破性发展，是一场行业革命。由此可知，这篇文章适合的标题是“中国的生物技术革命：药物创新的新全球领导者”。 Section C (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Its ice cream and drinks are under $1 during China’s economic slump. Its mascot looks like the love child of Frosty the Snowman and the Michelin Man. And its stores relentlessly blare a jingle set to the tune of “Oh! Susanna.” _____47_____ Pronounced ME-schway, the Chinese company is found across Asia and Australia. It ended last year with 45,000 stores, according to research firm Technomic, after more than doubling its locations in three years.The company raised more than $400 million in an initial public offering of its shares in Hong Kong on Monday. The stock closed at 43% above its IPO price, giving Mixue a valuation of more than $10 billion. It isn’t done expanding. ____48____ The menu is short and very sweet. It includes the signature ice-cream cone, variations on bubble tea and a lemonade that made Mixue China’s biggest purchaser of lemons. It helps that Mixue charges below-average franchising (特许经营) fees. ____49____ Credit the Snow King — and the jingle. A roly-poly mascot, Snow King has become a national icon on par with Ronald McDonald and Colonel Sanders. Just as ubiquitous is Mixue’s theme song, which plays in stores. The lyrics to the English version: “I love you. You love me. Mixue Ice Cream and Tea.” On a recent afternoon in Singapore, a Mixue store drew in Julian Eymann, an American who visits the country often. He skipped the rival shop across the street. “This ice cream is better than McDonald’s,” Eymann said. But he had one complaint: “_____50_____”. A. Mixue was founded in 1997 by Zhang Hongchao, who opened a store selling shaved ice in Henan, a Chinese heartland province. B. The song’s gotta go, because it’s got to torture the employees. C. Mixue said in its IPO filing that it planned to keep growing — while acknowledging the risk that its existing stores could be consumed by new ones. D. It intended to become more global, but didn’t mention plans to enter the U.S. E. Low prices alone don’t explain how Mixue integrated itself in Chinese pop culture. F. This recipe helped Mixue Ice Cream and Tea become the world’s biggest food-and-beverage chain by number of locations, topping McDonald’s and Starbucks. 【答案】47. F 48. C 49. E 50. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了蜜雪冰城凭借低价策略、洗脑神曲及吉祥物，迅速扩张成为全球门店数量最多的餐饮连锁品牌。 【47题详解】 上文“Its ice cream and drinks are under $1 during China’s economic slump. Its mascot looks like the love child of Frosty the Snowman and the Michelin Man. And its stores relentlessly blare a jingle set to the tune of “Oh! Susanna.”(在中国经济低迷期间，它的冰淇淋和饮料价格都低于1美元。它的吉祥物看起来像是雪人弗罗斯蒂和米其林人之间的结合体。而它的门店则不断播放着“Oh! Susanna”的旋律，伴随着响亮的广告铃声)”列举了蜜雪冰城的低价和营销特点。空后“Pronounced ME-schway, the Chinese company is found across Asia and Australia. It ended last year with 45,000 stores, according to research firm Technomic, after more than doubling its locations in three years.(这家中国公司发音为“ME-schway”，业务遍布亚洲和澳大利亚。据研究机构Technomic称，该公司去年拥有4.5万家门店，而在三年内门店数量翻了一番多)”介绍了其庞大的规模和快速的扩张。空处应起到承上启下的作用，总结前文特点带来的规模效应。选项F“This recipe helped Mixue Ice Cream and Tea become the world’s biggest food-and-beverage chain by number of locations, topping McDonald’s and Starbucks.(这一配方助力蜜雪冰城凭借门店数量成为世界上最大的餐饮连锁店，超越了麦当劳和星巴克)”中的“This recipe”指代前文提到的低价和营销手段，并引出了后文关于其规模的详细描述，符合语境。 【48题详解】 上文“The company raised more than $400 million in an initial public offering of its shares in Hong Kong on Monday. The stock closed at 43% above its IPO price, giving Mixue a valuation of more than $10 billion. It isn’t done expanding.(该公司周一在香港通过首次公开募股（IPO）筹集了超过4亿美元的资金。股价收盘价比IPO价格高出43%，使Mixue的估值超过100亿美元。公司远未停止扩张)”表明公司仍有扩张计划。空处应承接这一话题，进一步说明其扩张的具体规划或考量。选项C“Mixue said in its IPO filing that it planned to keep growing — while acknowledging the risk that its existing stores could be consumed by new ones.(蜜雪冰城在其IPO文件中表示，计划继续保持增长——同时也承认了现有门店可能被新门店蚕食的风险)”直接回应了前文的“扩张”，并补充了招股书中的具体计划及潜在风险，逻辑连贯，符合语境。 【49题详解】 上文“The menu is short and very sweet. It includes the signature ice-cream cone, variations on bubble tea and a lemonade that made Mixue China’s biggest purchaser of lemons. It helps that Mixue charges below-average franchising (特许经营) fees.(菜单简短而非常美味，包括招牌冰淇淋甜筒、奶茶的各种口味以及一款柠檬水，这使得Mixue中国成为购买柠檬最多的商家。此外，Mixue收取的特许经营费低于平均水平，也起到了帮助作用)”介绍了其产品策略和价格优势。空后“Credit the Snow King — and the jingle.(这要归功于“雪王”——以及那首广告歌)”转而强调品牌形象和营销歌曲的作用。空处应作为一个转折或过渡，指出仅靠低价不足以解释其成功。选项E“Low prices alone don’t explain how Mixue integrated itself in Chinese pop culture.(单靠低价并不能解释蜜雪冰城是如何融入中国流行文化的)”完美地承接了上文的低价策略，并引出了下文关于品牌文化（雪王和神曲）的讨论，符合语境。 【50题详解】 上文“He skipped the rival shop across the street. “This ice cream is better than McDonald’s,” Eymann said.(他跳过了街对面的竞争对手的店。“这款冰淇淋比麦当劳的好吃，”Eymann说)“表达了顾客对产品的肯定。空前“But he had one complaint:(但他有一个抱怨：)”通过转折词But引出不足之处。空处应具体说明顾客的抱怨内容。选项B“The song’s gotta go, because it’s got to torture the employees.(这首歌必须消失，因为它简直是在折磨员工)”中的“The song”指代前文反复提到的广告歌（jingle），这种抱怨既符合情境，又带有幽默色彩，与前文描述的店铺不停播放神曲的背景相呼应，符合语境。 IV. Summary Writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Rock Climbing — conservationists’ new concern Now, with its first appearance at this year’s Tokyo Olympics, the once minority sport is set to reach new heights. Yet the popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or safety belts), is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk — a common and essential climbing tool. Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), climbing chalk is the same substance that gymnasts and weightlifters use to improve their grasp on bars and weights. In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk’s properties of removing water and increasing friction (摩擦力) — and have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world. The resulting “chalk graffiti” has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah’s Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado’s Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark banned all chalk and chalk substitutes. Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk, released October 2020, found that it negatively impacted both the growing and survival of four species of ferns and mosses (蕨类和苔藓) inhabiting rocks in laboratory settings. That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study’s focus), host unique ecosystems. These unpredictable boulders — rocks scattered across the globe by large masses of slowly flowing ice at the end of the Ice Age — are islands of vegetation, different from the land they sit on. It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Some climbers may find it helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the 2020 study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The popularity of rock climbing has caused some environmental problems because of its essential climbing tool—climbing chalk. Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk. However, climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance. (57 words) 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，攀岩的流行造成了一些环境问题，重要的攀岩工具——攀岩粉笔，除了造成视觉的污染外，岩石物种特有的生态系统也受到了破坏，因此许多自然保护区对它进行了一些限制，至于这种粉笔是否对登山有益还不清楚，然而，一些登山者认为它是有用的。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk. ②Climbing chalk have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world. ③Some parks are beginning to restrict its use. ④Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. ⑤It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. 2.缜密构思 将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 The popularity of rock climbing has caused some environmental problems because of its essential climbing tool—climbing chalk. Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk. Climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides the visual pollution by “chalk graffiti”, the ecosystem unique to rock-dwelling species has been damaged, so many nature reserves set some restrictions on chalk.（运用了besides构成的介词短语作状语，so连接并列句） [高分句型2] However, climbers hold different attitudes towards the effect of climbing chalk on their performance. （运用了动名词作宾语） V. Translation (15’) 52. 他削减成本的决定与公司对质量的承诺背道而驰，使得公司前途未卜。(counter)(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 His decision to cut costs runs counter to the company’s commitment to quality, leaving the company’s future uncertain. 【解析】 【详解】“他削减成本的决定”表达为名词短语his decision to cut costs，其中不定式to cut costs作后置定语修饰decision；“与……背道而驰”表达为固定搭配run counter to，结合句意陈述客观事实，主语为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数runs；“公司对质量的承诺”表达为名词短语the company’s commitment to quality，作介词to的宾语；“使得……”表达为现在分词leaving，在句中作状语；“公司前途未卜”表达为the company’s future uncertain，此处运用了“leave + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾语补足语）”的结构。 53. 毫无疑问，这个双人机组在滞留在空间站数月后回到地球的消息十分振奋人心。(there be) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 There is no doubt that the news that the two-person crew returned to Earth after being stranded on the space station for months is very inspiring. 【解析】 【详解】“毫无疑问”表达为固定句型There is no doubt that...；“这个消息”表达为the news，其后紧跟由that引导的同位语从句，用来解释说明news的具体内容；“双人机组”表达为名词短语the two-person crew，“回到地球”表达为动词短语return to Earth，结合句意可知机组返回是已经发生的事实，同位语从句用一般过去时；“在……之后”表达为介词after，“滞留”表达为动词strand，因主语crew与strand之间为被动关系且位于介词之后，故使用动名词的被动语态being stranded，“在空间站”表达为on the space station，“数月”表达为for months；“十分振奋人心”表达为系表结构is very inspiring，其中inspiring意为“令人振奋的”，修饰事物。 54. 鉴于他在预测市场趋势方面的远见卓识，他很可能通过投资新兴产业而大赚一笔，从而东山再起。(given) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Given his foresight in predicting market trends, he is likely to make a fortune by investing in emerging industries and thus stage a comeback. 【解析】 【详解】“鉴于”表达为given”，在此处引导原因状语；“远见卓识”可译为foresight，“在……方面”用in ，“预测市场趋势”表达为predict market trends ，所以“在预测市场趋势方面的远见卓识”是his foresight in predicting market trends；“很可能做某事”常用be likely to do sth，“他”是he，所以“他很可能”为 he is likely to；“大赚一笔”表达为make a fortune；“通过……方式”用by，“投资”是invest，“新兴产业”是emerging industries ，所以“通过投资新兴产业”是by investing in emerging industries；“从而”可译为thus，“东山再起”表达为stage a comeback 。 句子陈述基于当前情况对未来可能性的推测，整体用一般现在时描述这种可能性。 55. 尽管面临着猛烈的批评，这位刚刚被任命为主席的商界领袖仍然决定针对判决向法庭上诉，坚称自己无罪。(appeal) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite facing fierce criticism, the business leader who had just been appointed as chairman still decided to appeal to the court against the verdict, insisting that he was innocent. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述过去发生的事情，主句用一般过去时。表示“尽管”用despite，后接动名词短语作宾语；表示“面临着猛烈的批评”用facing fierce criticism。表示“这位刚刚被任命为主席的商界领袖”用the business leader who had just been appointed as chairman，其中who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词leader，从句用过去完成时，表示“任命”发生在“决定”之前。表示“仍然决定”用still decided to，后接动词原形；表示“向法庭上诉”用appeal to the court，appeal在此处为不及物动词，需搭配介词to使用；表示“针对判决”用against the verdict。表示“坚称”用insisting，此处用现在分词作伴随状语；表示“自己无罪”用that he was innocent，that引导宾语从句，从句用一般过去时陈述过去的状态。 VI. Guided Writing(25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李华，你校外教Mr. Collier计划使用AI工具为学生提供全天候的英语口语练习支持。然而，你认为这种做法可能存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 说明问题； 2. 提出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Collier, I’m Li Hua from Mingqi Middle School. I heard you plan to use AI tools to offer students 24-hour oral English practice, and I really appreciate your devotion to our oral improvement. Still, I’m worried about several hidden problems of this plan. First, AI always gives agreeable responses without real emotional communication. It cannot correct our subtle pronunciation mistakes accurately or teach natural body language during conversations. Besides, chatting with cold machines lacks real interaction. We won’t learn how to respond flexibly to unexpected replies, which is vital for face-to-face communication. Worse still, some students may rely heavily on AI and lose the courage to talk with real people. Here are my suggestions. You can set fixed after-class oral practice sessions with you instead of full-time AI service. Meanwhile, introduce AI only as an auxiliary tool for self-review. Also, organize group oral tasks regularly to encourage us to communicate with classmates face to face. Thank you for considering my ideas. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给外教写一封邮件，说明问题以及提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 担心：be worried about→be concerned about 利用：use→take advantage of 重要的：vital→essential 考虑：consider→take…into account 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Meanwhile, introduce AI only as an auxiliary tool for self-review. Also, organize group oral tasks regularly to encourage us to communicate with classmates face to face. 拓展句：Not only should AI be merely introduced as an auxiliary tool for self-review, but regular group oral tasks should also be organized to encourage us to communicate with classmates face to face. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We won’t learn how to respond flexibly to unexpected replies, which is vital for face-to-face communication.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Besides, chatting with cold machines lacks real interaction.（运用了动名词作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $