Unit 1 Life Choices（重难词汇精练）英语北师大版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Life Choices”主题词汇，构建从词形转换到语篇应用的递进训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|28题|考查词形变化（名/动/形/副转换）|从词根拓展词族，建立词汇形态关联| |核心短语|15题|固定搭配补全|聚焦高频短语，强化语境应用能力| |重点单词|30题|词义理解与辨析|围绕单元主题，构建核心词汇网络| |单句语法填空|30题|语法规则在单句中应用|衔接词法与句法，提升语言准确性| |语篇语法填空|2篇|语篇中词汇语法综合运用|从单句到语篇，培养语境理解能力| |应用文写作|1篇|自我介绍（含兴趣、学习、期望）|词汇在真实情境中的输出应用|

Unit 1 Life Choices重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑的，紧张的→stress n.压力；忧虑；紧张 vt.加压力于；使紧张 2.challenging adj.富有挑战性的→challenge n.挑战；具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战 3.expectation n.期待，预料，预期→expect v.预料；期待；期望；认为 4.confidence n.自信，信心，信赖→confident adj.自信的 5.recover vi.恢复健康，康复→recovery n.恢复；复苏；康复 6.injury n.伤，损害→injure vt.损害；伤害→injured adj.受伤的 7.unfortunately adv.不幸地；令人遗憾地→fortune n.幸运；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地 8.differ vi.不同，不一样，有区别→difference n.不同；区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的 9.voluntary adj.志愿的；服务的；自愿的→volunteer vt.& vi.自愿；志愿 n.志愿者 10.various adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的→variety n.变化；多样性→vary vi.改变 11.necessity n.必需品→necessary adj.必要的，必需的 12.convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n.方便；便利 13.addict n.对……着迷的人→addiction n.上瘾；沉迷→addicted adj.上瘾的 14.actually adv.实际上，事实上→actual adj.实际的 15.distance n.距离，间距→distant adj.遥远的 16.hardware n.(计算机)硬件→software n.(计算机)软件 17.graduate vi.毕业→graduation n.毕业 18.inspire vt.鼓励，激励→inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞 19.apply vt.&vi.申请； 请求；应用→applicant n.申请人→application n.申请 20.independently adv. 独立地，自立地→depend v.依靠；取决于→dependent adj.依赖的→dependence n.依赖，依靠→independent adj.独立的 21.dusty adj.布满灰尘的→dust n.灰尘 22.muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的→mud n.泥，泥浆 23.unstable adj.不稳定的→stable adj.稳定的 24.responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→responsibility n.责任；负责 25.attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→attract vt.吸引 26.confident adj.自信的→confidence n.自信心；信任 27.organisation n.组织；团体；机构→organise vt.组织 28.contribution n.贡献→contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 题型二、核心短语 1.all in all　总而言之，总的来说 2.recover from 恢复健康，康复 3.serve as 充当；起作用 4.suffer from (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦) 5.to be frank 坦白说，坦率地说 6.due to 因为 7.in other words 换句话说 8.in particular 尤其 9.on the plus side 在有利的方面 10.cheer on sb 为某人加油 11.a wide range of　大量的，许多 12.such as 例如 13.from time to time 有时，偶尔，间或 14.all the time 一直 15.according to 按……所说，根据 题型三、重点单词 1.senior adj.　较高的，高级的 2.previous adj. 以前的，先前的 3.campus n. 校园 4.schedule n. 日程表，计划表 5.competence n. 能力，胜任 6.pressure n. 压力 7.plus adj. 有利的，好的prep. 加 8.arise vi. (问题或困难)出现，发生 9.downtown adv. 向/在城镇商业中心区 10.suffer vi.&vt. 遭受(痛苦) 11.reduce vt. 减少，降低，缩小 12.remove vt. 移走；去掉 13.position n. 职位；位置 14.extent n. 程度 15.organise vt. 组织；筹划 16.function n. 功能 17.seek vt. 寻求；请求 18.secondary adj. 中等教育；中级的；次要的 19.dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的 20.chapter n. 一段时期；章节 21.shift n. (工厂，医院等轮班制的)当班时间 22.leisure n. 空闲，闲暇，业余时间 23.expert n. 专家 24.frank adj. 坦率的；坦诚的 25.editor n. 编辑，主编 26.entirely adv. 完全地；彻底地 27.absolutely adv. 正是；当然 28.thus adv. 因此，因而，从而 29.tension n. 紧张；焦虑 30.professional adj. 专业的；职业的 题型四、单句语法填空 1． (improve) my writing skills, I keep a diary in English every day. 【答案】To improve 【详解】句意：为了提高我的写作能力，我每天用英语写日记。此处用动词不定式置于句首，表示每天写英语日记的目的。放在句首，首字母大写。 2．The manager promised that the problem (deal) with as soon as possible. 【答案】would be dealt 【详解】句意：经理承诺这个问题将会尽快被处理。根据“promised”（承诺）可知，宾语从句表示从过去看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时；主语the problem与动词deal之间为被动关系，即“问题被处理”，应用被动语态；过去将来时的被动语态基本形式：主语+would+be+过去分词，deal的过去分词为dealt。 3．The teacher encouraged us (take) part in more after-school activities. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：老师鼓励我们多参加课外活动。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处为不定式to take作宾语补足语。 4．Compared with traditional books, e-books are more (convenience) for students. 【答案】convenient 【详解】句意：与传统书籍相比，电子书对学生来说更便捷。根据“are ____ for”可知，此空是形容词convenient，意为“方便的”，作表语。 5．The problem (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting is about how to reduce study pressure. 【答案】to be discussed 【详解】句意：明天会议上将要讨论的问题是关于如何减轻学习压力。结合at tomorrow’s meeting可知，动作发生在将来，应使用动词不定式形式，且discuss和The problem之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动式to be discussed，作后置定语。 6．I think our climate is (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. 【答案】definitely 【详解】句意：我认为我们的气候确实在发生变化，温室效应也相当明显。此处修饰动词changing应用副词definitely表示“确实”作状语。 7．Face-to-face communication is the best way (maintain) healthy friendship. 【答案】to maintain 【详解】句意：面对面交流是维系健康友谊最好的方式。此处为固定结构：the best way to do sth.，意为“做某事最好的方式”，不定式作后置定语修饰way。 8．After graduation from Tsinghua University, many (graduate) are employed in the electronics and computing industries. 【答案】graduates 【详解】句意：许多清华大学毕业生毕业后任职于电子与计算机行业。根据空前many可知，此处应填可数名词的复数形式graduates，表示“毕业生”，在句中作主语。 9．The dark, rainy evenings, the wind, the thundering clouds held me (entire) in their power. 【答案】entirely 【详解】句意：漆黑的雨夜、狂风、雷鸣般的乌云把我完全控制住了。空处修饰动词held，因此用副词entirely，意为“完全”，作状语。 10．Visitors can wear MR headsets, allowing them (act) as virtual archaeologists.   【答案】to act 【详解】句意：游客可以佩戴混合现实头戴设备，这让他们能够充当虚拟考古学家。此处为固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 11．Taking part in volunteer work enables us to experience (vary) forms of kindness and feel the warmth of the world. 【答案】various 【详解】句意：参与志愿服务活动能让我们体验到各种各样的善意，并感受到世界的温暖。此处修饰名词forms，需用形容词various，表示“各种各样的”，作定语。 12．…its future now several decades before these developments are (expect) to take place. 【答案】expected 【详解】句意：……展望未来，预计这些发展还需要几十年才会发生。此处空格前为助动词are，主语these developments与expect之间为被动关系，需用过去分词expected构成被动语态。 13．People can take part in many interesting events, (range) from dragon boat races to lantern riddles and group singing. 【答案】ranging 【详解】句意：人们可以参加许多有趣的活动，包括龙舟比赛、猜灯谜以及集体唱歌等等。此处range与events构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。 14．The atmosphere of the festival was (absolute) unforgettable, with all kinds of joyful activities and warm laughter. 【答案】absolutely 【详解】句意：这个节日的氛围简直令人难以忘怀，这里有各种各样的欢乐活动和温馨的笑声。修饰形容词unforgettable用副词absolutely，作状语。 15．The virtual choir allows singers from different countries to connect with each other across a great (distant). 【答案】distance 【详解】句意：这个虚拟合唱团使来自不同国家的歌手能够跨越遥远的距离相互联系起来。空格前有冠词a和形容词great，需要名词distance作宾语。 16．My (profession) training has taught me to look at things logically. 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的专业训练使我学会了以合乎逻辑的方式看待事物。空格处作定语，修饰后面的名词training，应该用形容词professional。故填professional。 17．Firms had to be sure that systems were kept (update) to prevent invasion and information leakage. 【答案】updated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司必须确保系统保持更新，以防止入侵和信息泄露。分析句子结构，这里考查keep sth. done的被动结构，表示“使某物被……”，此处systems与update为被动关系，故用过去分词作补足语。故填updated。 18．We laughed heartily, and that moment of shared joy helped ease the (tense). 【答案】tension 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们开怀大笑，那共享欢乐的时刻帮助缓解了紧张气氛。作动词ease的宾语，填形容词tense的名词形式tension，意为“紧张，紧张气氛”。故填tension。 19．Though we were (stress) out, our eyes were glittering with hope. 【答案】stressed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管我们压力很大，但我们的眼睛闪烁着希望的光芒。此处作表语，表示“压力大的”，用形容词stressed，修饰人，表示人的感受。故填stressed。 20．Everyone should try to make a positive (contribute) to our society. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该努力为我们的社会做出积极贡献。提示词作宾语，用名词形式contribution，意为“贡献”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填contribution。 21．These fancy candies are always (attract) to young kids. 【答案】attractive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些精美的糖果对小孩子总是很有吸引力。句中用形容词作表语。attract的形容词形式为attractive，表示“有吸引力的”。故填attractive。 22． (edit) Li Shaojun said poetry is a universal language expressing shared human emotions. 【答案】Editor 【详解】考查名词。句意：编辑李少君表示，诗歌是一种表达人类共同情感的通用语言。此处表示身份“编辑”，需用名词editor作主语，且首字母大写。故填Editor。 23．Sensors (传感器) featuring High Definition cameras and radar (雷达) enable it to navigate (independent). 【答案】independently 【详解】考查副词。句意：搭载高清摄像头与雷达的传感器，使其能够实现自主导航。空处修饰动词navigate，副词independently符合题意，意为“独立地”。故填independently。 24．This provides researchers with an unprecedented opportunity (study) their behaviors, especially their mysterious migration patterns for giving birth. 【答案】to study 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这为研究人员提供了前所未有的机会，去研究它们的行为，尤其是它们神秘的迁徙产仔模式。名词opportunity后常接动词不定式作后置定语，即opportunity to do sth.，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to study。 25．Not only you but also Judy is (blame) for this accident. 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：不仅你而且朱迪都应该为这次事故负责。be to blame for为固定搭配，意为“因……而受到责备，对……负责”。故填to blame。 26．He seems (confidence) but deep down he’s quite insecure. 【答案】confident 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他看起来很自信，但内心深处却相当缺乏安全感。空处位于系动词seems“看起来”之后，应使用形容词作表语，结合“deep down he’s quite insecure”可知，形容词confident“自信的”符合题意。故填confident。 27．A committee was established (limit) damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. 【答案】to limit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成立了一个委员会来限制对埃及建筑物的破坏，防止文物损失。本句已有谓语动词was established，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了限制对埃及建筑物的破坏，防止文物损失”。故填to limit。 28．On a (freeze) cold night, the little girl died in a street corner. 【答案】freezing 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在一个极冷的夜晚，小女孩死在了街角。提示词修饰形容词cold，用freezing，freezing cold属于非正式但广泛接受的口语表达，意为“极冷的、冰冻的”。故填freezing。 29．He hurried to the station, only (find) the train had left. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。分析句子结构可知，这里考查only to do，是固定结构，用于句末作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果，符合本句语境。故填to find。 30．The younger students he guided in research projects often return (promote) food security in their home countries. 【答案】to promote 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在研究项目中指导的更年轻的学生通常会回国，以促进他们国家的粮食安全。句子已有谓语动词return，空处应是非谓语动词，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to promote。 题型五、单词拼写 31．These new graduates have been ____(寻找) jobs for months. 【答案】seeking 【详解】句意：这些应届毕业生几个月来一直在找工作。have been表明此处为现在完成进行时，“寻找”为seek，所填现在分词seeking。 32．There is a supermarket ________ (在附近) which sells different kinds of goods. 【答案】nearby 【详解】句意：附近有一家超市，出售各种各样的商品。表示“在附近”，用副词nearby，作状语。 33．The qualification of an ________ (会计) is required if you want to take this position. 【答案】accountant 【详解】句意：如果你想要申请这个职位，你必须具备会计师资格。表示“会计”，用名词accountant，故填accountant，作宾语。 34．My neighbor had to quit his job because of his ________ (疾病). 【答案】sickness 【详解】句意：我的邻居因病不得不辞职。表示“疾病”，用sickness，作宾语。 35．Thanks for the drink，but to tell the truth，I _________（更喜欢）tea to coffee. 【答案】prefer/refer 【详解】考查动词。句意：谢谢你的饮料，但说实话，我更喜欢茶而不是咖啡。根据汉语意思可知填prefer。 36．_________（降低）production costs is necessary in this market filled with competition. 【答案】Reducing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个竞争激烈的市场上，降低生产成本是必要的。本句缺少主语，此处用动名词做主语，故填Reducing。 37．I'm making a fool of myself trying to show off before an _________（专家）like you. 【答案】expert 【详解】考查名词。句意：我在像你这样的专家面前卖弄，真是出洋相。根据上文an可知填名词，故填expert。 38．All of us should make a __________ (贡献) to the protection of the environment. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们所有人都应该为保护环境做贡献。空格处由a修饰，说明要填一个名词。contribution意为“贡献”，符合句意，故填contribution。 39．It’s said that she is not a___________ （专业的）player; she is just a amateur. 【答案】professional 【详解】professional。 考查形容词作表语。句意：据说她不是职业运动员，她只是个业余爱好者。专业的作player的定语要用professional。 40．Her next goal is to start a ________ (慈善) website to raise money for children in poor countries. 【答案】charity 【详解】句意：她的下一个目标是创办一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童筹款。“慈善”是名词charity，此处用单数名词作定语，修饰名词website。 题型六、完成句子 41．如果我是他，我就不会放弃我的梦想。 If I ________ him, I ________ ________ up my dream. 【答案】 were wouldn’t give 【详解】此处构成与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句be动词用were，主句用wouldn’t+动词原形，give up为固定搭配“放弃”。 42．她想要去除裙子上的污渍。 She wants to ________________ on her skirt. 【答案】remove the spot 【详解】 want to do sth.固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，to后用动词原形；remove表示“去除、清除”；“污渍”为the spot作宾语。 43．政府正在采取措施防止文化遗产被破坏。 The government is taking measures to ___________ cultural heritage ___________ being damaged. 【答案】 prevent from 【详解】表示“防止……免遭……”用固定搭配prevent sth. from doing sth.，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 44．每当节日来临，你都会看到各类商家利用社交媒体宣传他们的产品。 Whenever a festival is coming, you will see various businesses ________ social media to promote their products. 【答案】take advantage of 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“利用”，用动词短语take advantage of；see sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”，所以空处动词用原形。 45．It ________________ a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. 节日里会有游行，还有一场包含音乐、舞蹈和体育活动的盛大宴会。 【答案】features 【详解】根据句意，空格处表示“节日里会有”可理解为“节日里以……为特色”为动词feature作谓语，此处讲述客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时态，因此使用第三人称单数形式features。 46．He was endlessly kind and ___________________. 他对孩子们非常和蔼、有耐心。 【答案】patient with children 【详解】表示“对孩子们有耐心”应用patient with children，为形容词短语，在本句中作表语。 47．美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让养分重回到土壤之中。 When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps ________ ________ the body and return the nutrients to the earth. 【答案】 break down 【详解】空处需填表示“分解”的英语短语，动词短语break down表示“分解”；help do sth.表示“帮助做某事”，此处省略to的动词不定式break down作宾语。 48．They read news in the social media every day to ________ current events. 他们每天阅读新闻是为了关注时事动态。 【答案】keep track of 【详解】表示“关注”短语为keep track of，此处为不定式作目的状语。 49．Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared ________ ________ human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。 【答案】 due to 【详解】空处需填“由于”的英文表达，短语due to意为“由于、因为”，后面接名词短语human activities作宾语。 50．像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。 They use the flag, known as the Union Jack, ________ share the same currency and military defence. 【答案】as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“像……一样，也”，可用固定短语为as well as，在句中连接两个并列的谓语动词use和share。故填as well as。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一上·湖南湘西·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the Temple of Heaven a famous park on Beijing’s Central Axis, birdwatchers walk away from crowded, tourist spots, using binoculars (双筒望远镜) to look for birds, 1 live among old buildings and trees. An experienced guide 2 (name) Li Qiang helps groups spot colorful birds like woodpeckers (啄木鸟) . Birdwatching here started in 2002 when scientist Gao Wu created a special path to study birds. By 2023, people 3 (find) 238 types of birds in the park. The mix of tall trees and fallen woods provides food and shelter, 4 (make) it a perfect home for birds. Birdwatching used to be a hobby for older people, but now it’s popular 5 young Chinese. In 2023, over 340, 000 people enjoyed birdwatching — twice as many as five years earlier. Social media apps like Xiaohongshu have thousands of posts about birdwatching 6 (equip) and photos. “It’s not just about taking pictures.” says 26-year-old Wang Cui. “It’s about learning birds’ names, understanding their behavior, 7 feeling closer to nature.” This birdwatching matches China’s efforts 8 (protect) nature, like creating national parks and planting more forests. As young people explore parks with binoculars, it shows how cities are becoming greener and how people care more about living peacefully with nature. “I hope everyone learns to respect birds and watch them responsibly,” says Chen Jiaqi, 9 young birdwatcher. “That’s how humans and nature can 10 (true) live together.” 【答案】 1．which 2．named 3．had found 4．making 5．with/among 6．equipment 7．and 8．to protect 9．a 10．truly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍北京天坛成为观鸟佳地，观鸟从老人爱好变为受年轻人追捧的活动，这也契合了中国的自然保护理念。 1．考查定语从句。句意：在北京中轴线的著名公园天坛，观鸟者远离拥挤的旅游景点，用双筒望远镜寻找生活在古老建筑和树木间的鸟类。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为birds，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位名叫李强的资深导游会带领大家寻找啄木鸟这类色彩斑斓的鸟类。此处为非谓语动词作定语，An experienced guide与name为被动关系，用过去分词named。故填named。 3．考查动词时态。句意：到2023年，人们已经在公园里发现了238种鸟类。根据时间状语By 2023可知，动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”，find的过去分词为found。故填had found。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：高大的树木和枯木交织，为鸟类提供了食物和栖息地，让这里成为鸟类的理想家园。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面的整个句子内容与make为主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词making。故填making。 5．考查介词。句意：观鸟曾经是老年人的爱好，如今却受到中国年轻人的欢迎。此处为固定搭配be popular with/among，意为“受……欢迎”，用介词with/among。故填with/among。 6．考查名词。句意：小红书等社交媒体平台上有数千条关于观鸟装备和鸟类照片的帖子。此处与photos并列作介词about的宾语，用equip的名词形式equipment，意为“装备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。 7．考查连词。句意：这是关于记住鸟类的名字，了解它们的行为，并且感受与自然的紧密联结。此处learning birds’ names、understanding their behavior和feeling closer to nature为并列的动名词短语，表顺承关系，用连词and。故填and。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种观鸟热潮与中国的自然保护努力相契合，比如建设国家公园和植树造林。此处为固定搭配efforts to do sth.，意为“做某事的努力”，用动词不定式to protect作后置定语。故填to protect。 9．考查冠词。句意：年轻的观鸟者陈佳琪说：“我希望每个人都学会尊重鸟类，以负责任的方式观鸟。”此处表泛指“一位年轻的观鸟者”，young是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查副词。句意：这才是人类与自然真正和谐共处的方式。此处修饰动词live，用true的副词形式truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。 （25-26高一下·河南信阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the Paris Olympics, interest in rock climbing has grown across China. Climbing gyms nationwide have reported 1 significant rise in bookings, especially during weekends and after work on weekdays. 2 (meet) the increased demand, more climbing gyms are being established. The appeal of rock climbing lies 3 the sense of freedom it represents, as well as the 4 (combine) of physical strength, flexibility, mental focus, and problem-solving skills it requires. Bouldering, a popular form of indoor climbing, illustrates this well. The same route can 5 (complete) in multiple ways, 6 (vary) in movements, speed, and energy use. Solving these challenges feels like completing a puzzle and bringing a strong sense of achievement. As Leo, a climbing 7 (enthusiastic), puts it, “Figuring out how to deal with new challenges is part of 8 I enjoy. I’m not into repetitive exercises, and climbing keeps things fresh with every new route.” The welcoming and supportive atmosphere at climbing gyms adds to the positive experience. While climbers usually focus on their own routes, they often receive enthusiasm 9 (offer) by those in the rest area when facing encouragement and challenging moments. “Climbing can be an individual pursuit or a shared activity,” said Chen, manager of a gym in Shanghai. “It can accommodate diverse social 10 (preference).” Experts believe that with a trendy and youthful activity, climbing popularity will continue to grow. 【答案】 1．a 2．To meet 3．in 4．combination 5．be completed 6．varying 7．enthusiast 8．what 9．offered 10．preferences 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会后，国内攀岩热度大增。这项运动融合体能与脑力，趣味十足，氛围融洽，兼具个人与社交属性。作为潮流活动，攀岩的受欢迎程度还将持续上升。 1．考查冠词。句意：全国各地的攀岩馆报告称，预订量显著上升，尤其是在周末以及工作日的下班后。rise在此处为可数名词，意为“增长；提高”，且significant起始音为辅音，填不定冠词a；a significant rise是固定搭配，表示“显著增长”。 2．考查动词不定式。句意：为了满足日益增长的需求，越来越多的攀岩馆正在建立起来。此处为动词不定式to meet作目的状语，表“为了满足”，置于句首，首字母需大写。 3．考查固定短语。句意：攀岩的魅力在于它所代表的自由感，以及它所要求的体能、灵活性、专注力和解决问题能力的综合运用。分析句子可知，此处lie in是固定短语，意为 “在于”，此处表示“攀岩的吸引力在于它所代表的自由感”。 4．考查名词。句意：攀岩的魅力在于它所代表的自由感，以及它所要求的体能、灵活性、专注力和解决问题能力的综合运用。定冠词the后需接名词，与the sense of并列，动词combine的名词形式是combination，the combination of... 表示“……的结合”。 5．考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：同一路线可以以多种方式完成，动作、速度和能量的使用各不相同。主语the same route“同一条路线”与动词complete“完成”是被动关系，情态动词can后接被动语态结构“be+过去分词”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：同一路线可以以多种方式完成，动作、速度和能量的使用各不相同。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语can be completed，此处需用非谓语动词。主语the same route与vary（变化）是主动关系，用现在分词varying作伴随状语，说明路线完成方式的不同之处。 7．考查名词。句意：正如攀岩爱好者利奥所说：“解决新挑战是我在攀岩中所享受的一部分。”不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数，enthusiastic为形容词“热情的”，其名词形式enthusiast“爱好者”符合语境，a climbing enthusiast表示“攀岩爱好者”。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：正如攀岩爱好者利奥所说：“解决新挑战是我在攀岩中所享受的一部分。”此空引导名词性从句作介词of宾语，从句中谓语enjoy缺少宾语，指代“所享受的事物”，故用连接代词what引导宾语从句。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然攀岩者通常专注于自己的路线，但在面对鼓励和挑战的时刻，他们常常能收到休息区里其他人所给予的热情支持。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰enthusiasm，enthusiasm和offer为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。 10．考查名词复数形式。句意：它能够满足各种不同的社交偏好。前面有形容词diverse“多样的”修饰preference“偏好，偏爱的事物”是可数名词，需用复数形式preferences，social preferences表示“社交偏好”。 题型二、应用文写作 （26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）假如你是毕业于红星中学的李华，今年16岁，刚刚到一所国际学校上高中一年级，你向老师们和同学们做一下自我介绍，内容包括： 1.基本情况（姓名、年龄、兴趣爱好等）； 2.学习方面的优势或者困难； 3.对未来的希望。 注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear teachers and classmates, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear teachers and classmates, 　　My name is Li Hua, a 16-year-old student from Hongxing Middle School. I am glad to be here at this international school. I am crazy about music and enjoy playing the guitar. Besides, I do well in sports, especially basketball. In terms of the subjects, I am good at mathematics and physics, but I find English difficult. In this new school, I look forward to improving my spoken English skills and making new friends. I can’t wait to start my senior high school life that lies ahead here. Thank you for your attention. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的名义向老师和同学们做一下自我介绍，介绍自己的基本情况，分享学习方面的优势或者困难，并表达对未来的希望。 1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 此外：besides→furthermore 擅长：do well in→excel in 开始：start→embark on 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I am crazy about music and enjoy playing the guitar. Besides, I do well in sports, especially basketball. 拓展句：Not only am I crazy about music and enjoy playing the guitar, but I also do well in sports, especially basketball. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to be here at this international school. (运用了动词不定式to be作原因状语) 【高分句型2】I can’t wait to start my senior high school life that lies ahead here. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Life Choices重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的→ adj.焦虑的，紧张的→ n.压力；忧虑；紧张 vt.加压力于；使紧张 2.challenging adj.富有挑战性的→ n.挑战；具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战 3.expectation n.期待，预料，预期→ v.预料；期待；期望；认为 4.confidence n.自信，信心，信赖→ adj.自信的 5.recover vi.恢复健康，康复→ n.恢复；复苏；康复 6.injury n.伤，损害→ vt.损害；伤害→ adj.受伤的 7.unfortunately adv.不幸地；令人遗憾地→ n.幸运；财富→ adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地 8.differ vi.不同，不一样，有区别→ n.不同；区别→ adj.不同的，有区别的 9.voluntary adj.志愿的；服务的；自愿的→ vt.& vi.自愿；志愿 n.志愿者 10.various adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的→ n.变化；多样性→ vi.改变 11.necessity n.必需品→ adj.必要的，必需的 12.convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ n.方便；便利 13.addict n.对……着迷的人→ n.上瘾；沉迷→ adj.上瘾的 14.actually adv.实际上，事实上→ adj.实际的 15.distance n.距离，间距→ adj.遥远的 16.hardware n.(计算机)硬件→ n.(计算机)软件 17.graduate vi.毕业→ n.毕业 18.inspire vt.鼓励，激励→ n.灵感；鼓舞 19.apply vt.&vi.申请； 请求；应用→ n.申请人→ n.申请 20.independently adv. 独立地，自立地→ v.依靠；取决于→ adj.依赖的→ n.依赖，依靠→ adj.独立的 21.dusty adj.布满灰尘的→ n.灰尘 22.muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的→ n.泥，泥浆 23.unstable adj.不稳定的→ adj.稳定的 24.responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→ n.责任；负责 25.attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→ vt.吸引 26.confident adj.自信的→ n.自信心；信任 27.organisation n.组织；团体；机构→ vt.组织 28.contribution n.贡献→ vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 题型二、核心短语 1. 总而言之，总的来说 2. 恢复健康，康复 3. 充当；起作用 4. (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦) 5. 坦白说，坦率地说 6. 因为 7. 换句话说 8. 尤其 9. 在有利的方面 10. 为某人加油 11. 　大量的，许多 12. 例如 13. 有时，偶尔，间或 14. 一直 15. 按……所说，根据 题型三、重点单词 1.senior adj.　 2.previous adj. 3.campus n. 4.schedule n. 5.competence n. 6.pressure n. 7.plus adj. 8.arise vi. 9.downtown adv. 10.suffer vi.&vt. 11.reduce vt. 12.remove vt. 13.position n. 14.extent n. 15.organise vt. 16.function n. 17.seek vt. 18.secondary adj. 19.dynamic adj. 20.chapter n. 21.shift n. 22.leisure n. 23.expert n. 24.frank adj. 25.editor n. 26.entirely adv. 27.absolutely adv. 28.thus adv. 29.tension n. 30.professional adj. 题型四、单句语法填空 1． (improve) my writing skills, I keep a diary in English every day. 2．The manager promised that the problem (deal) with as soon as possible. 3．The teacher encouraged us (take) part in more after-school activities. 4．Compared with traditional books, e-books are more (convenience) for students. 5．The problem (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting is about how to reduce study pressure. 6．I think our climate is (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. 7．Face-to-face communication is the best way (maintain) healthy friendship. 8．After graduation from Tsinghua University, many (graduate) are employed in the electronics and computing industries. 9．The dark, rainy evenings, the wind, the thundering clouds held me (entire) in their power. 10．Visitors can wear MR headsets, allowing them (act) as virtual archaeologists.   11．Taking part in volunteer work enables us to experience (vary) forms of kindness and feel the warmth of the world. 12．…its future now several decades before these developments are (expect) to take place. 13．People can take part in many interesting events, (range) from dragon boat races to lantern riddles and group singing. 14．The atmosphere of the festival was (absolute) unforgettable, with all kinds of joyful activities and warm laughter. 15．The virtual choir allows singers from different countries to connect with each other across a great (distant). 16．My (profession) training has taught me to look at things logically. 17．Firms had to be sure that systems were kept (update) to prevent invasion and information leakage. 18．We laughed heartily, and that moment of shared joy helped ease the (tense). 19．Though we were (stress) out, our eyes were glittering with hope. 20．Everyone should try to make a positive (contribute) to our society. 21．These fancy candies are always (attract) to young kids. 22． (edit) Li Shaojun said poetry is a universal language expressing shared human emotions. 23．Sensors (传感器) featuring High Definition cameras and radar (雷达) enable it to navigate (independent). 24．This provides researchers with an unprecedented opportunity (study) their behaviors, especially their mysterious migration patterns for giving birth. 25．Not only you but also Judy is (blame) for this accident. 26．He seems (confidence) but deep down he’s quite insecure. 27．A committee was established (limit) damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. 28．On a (freeze) cold night, the little girl died in a street corner. 29．He hurried to the station, only (find) the train had left. 30．The younger students he guided in research projects often return (promote) food security in their home countries. 题型五、单词拼写 31．These new graduates have been ____(寻找) jobs for months. 32．There is a supermarket ________ (在附近) which sells different kinds of goods. 33．The qualification of an ________ (会计) is required if you want to take this position. 34．My neighbor had to quit his job because of his ________ (疾病). 35．Thanks for the drink，but to tell the truth，I _________（更喜欢）tea to coffee. 36．_________（降低）production costs is necessary in this market filled with competition. 37．I'm making a fool of myself trying to show off before an _________（专家）like you. 38．All of us should make a __________ (贡献) to the protection of the environment. 39．It’s said that she is not a___________ （专业的）player; she is just a amateur. 40．Her next goal is to start a ________ (慈善) website to raise money for children in poor countries. 题型六、完成句子 41．如果我是他，我就不会放弃我的梦想。 If I ________ him, I ________ ________ up my dream. 42．她想要去除裙子上的污渍。 She wants to ________________ on her skirt. 43．政府正在采取措施防止文化遗产被破坏。 The government is taking measures to ___________ cultural heritage ___________ being damaged. 44．每当节日来临，你都会看到各类商家利用社交媒体宣传他们的产品。 Whenever a festival is coming, you will see various businesses ________ social media to promote their products. 45．It ________________ a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. 节日里会有游行，还有一场包含音乐、舞蹈和体育活动的盛大宴会。 46．He was endlessly kind and ___________________. 他对孩子们非常和蔼、有耐心。 47．美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让养分重回到土壤之中。 When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps ________ ________ the body and return the nutrients to the earth. 48．They read news in the social media every day to ________ current events. 他们每天阅读新闻是为了关注时事动态。 49．Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared ________ ________ human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。 50．像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。 They use the flag, known as the Union Jack, ________ share the same currency and military defence. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一上·湖南湘西·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the Temple of Heaven a famous park on Beijing’s Central Axis, birdwatchers walk away from crowded, tourist spots, using binoculars (双筒望远镜) to look for birds, 1 live among old buildings and trees. An experienced guide 2 (name) Li Qiang helps groups spot colorful birds like woodpeckers (啄木鸟) . Birdwatching here started in 2002 when scientist Gao Wu created a special path to study birds. By 2023, people 3 (find) 238 types of birds in the park. The mix of tall trees and fallen woods provides food and shelter, 4 (make) it a perfect home for birds. Birdwatching used to be a hobby for older people, but now it’s popular 5 young Chinese. In 2023, over 340, 000 people enjoyed birdwatching — twice as many as five years earlier. Social media apps like Xiaohongshu have thousands of posts about birdwatching 6 (equip) and photos. “It’s not just about taking pictures.” says 26-year-old Wang Cui. “It’s about learning birds’ names, understanding their behavior, 7 feeling closer to nature.” This birdwatching matches China’s efforts 8 (protect) nature, like creating national parks and planting more forests. As young people explore parks with binoculars, it shows how cities are becoming greener and how people care more about living peacefully with nature. “I hope everyone learns to respect birds and watch them responsibly,” says Chen Jiaqi, 9 young birdwatcher. “That’s how humans and nature can 10 (true) live together.” （25-26高一下·河南信阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the Paris Olympics, interest in rock climbing has grown across China. Climbing gyms nationwide have reported 1 significant rise in bookings, especially during weekends and after work on weekdays. 2 (meet) the increased demand, more climbing gyms are being established. The appeal of rock climbing lies 3 the sense of freedom it represents, as well as the 4 (combine) of physical strength, flexibility, mental focus, and problem-solving skills it requires. Bouldering, a popular form of indoor climbing, illustrates this well. The same route can 5 (complete) in multiple ways, 6 (vary) in movements, speed, and energy use. Solving these challenges feels like completing a puzzle and bringing a strong sense of achievement. As Leo, a climbing 7 (enthusiastic), puts it, “Figuring out how to deal with new challenges is part of 8 I enjoy. I’m not into repetitive exercises, and climbing keeps things fresh with every new route.” The welcoming and supportive atmosphere at climbing gyms adds to the positive experience. While climbers usually focus on their own routes, they often receive enthusiasm 9 (offer) by those in the rest area when facing encouragement and challenging moments. “Climbing can be an individual pursuit or a shared activity,” said Chen, manager of a gym in Shanghai. “It can accommodate diverse social 10 (preference).” Experts believe that with a trendy and youthful activity, climbing popularity will continue to grow. 题型二、应用文写作 （26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）假如你是毕业于红星中学的李华，今年16岁，刚刚到一所国际学校上高中一年级，你向老师们和同学们做一下自我介绍，内容包括： 1.基本情况（姓名、年龄、兴趣爱好等）； 2.学习方面的优势或者困难； 3.对未来的希望。 注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear teachers and classmates, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $