暑假作业Day9 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用”为逻辑链，系统构建动词不定式句法功能、固定搭配及易错点体系，通过分层训练提升语言运用能力与应试思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础概念|3大句法功能+5教材原题|句法功能三分法（状语表目的/宾语跟动词/宾补补说明）|从非谓语动词定义切入，推导三类核心句法功能| |固定搭配|10+必背结构|分类记忆法（宾补/宾语/状语结构专项梳理）|按句法功能划分搭配类型，建立“动词-不定式”关联| |易错突破|3大易错点+正误对照|对比辨析法（省略to情形/宾补vs状语/并列to省略）|针对高频错误点，通过反例强化规则理解| |分层训练|15单选（基础/提升/拔高）|难度递进训练（基础考形式→提升考省略→拔高考语境辨析）|从单一知识点到综合语境，适配中考能力层级|

Day 9 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 动词不定式（解析版） 动词不定式 一、不定式基础概念 动词不定式基本形式为 to + 动词原形（否定式：not to do），它属于非谓语动词，不能单独充当句子谓语，可以在句中充当宾语、宾语补足语、状语这三类高频成分（本课时重点区分这三种句法功能）。 三种句法功能详解 状语（adverbial）：大多表目的，解释主句动作的意图 例：I play the flute to relax.（吹长笛的目的是放松，不定式作目的状语）；I went to the sports centre to ice-skate.（去运动中心目的是滑冰，作状语） 宾语（object）：放在 decide、want、hope 等及物动词的后面，充当动词的宾语 例：I decided to give it a go.（decide 之后的 to give 是 decide 的宾语） 宾语补足语（object complement）：补充说明宾语要执行的动作，完善宾语的相关情况 例：She told me not to give up so easily.（me 是宾语，not to give up 用来补充说明 me 的动作，属于宾补） 二、高频固定搭配（填空必背） 1. 不定式作宾补的固定结构 make sb. do sth.（使某人做某事，make 后不定式要省略 to） 例：It made me decide to try skiing. ask sb. to do sth. 要求 / 请求某人做某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 例：asks me to fly kites；told me not to push myself too hard watch / see sb. do sth. 观看某人做完整个动作，感官动词 watch、see 之后不定式省略 to 例：watch you fly kites；I saw my mother paint. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事；let sb. do sth.（let 后不定式省略 to） 例：wanted us to spend more time；let us do our favourite activities 2. 不定式作宾语的固定结构 decide (not) to do 决定（不）做某事 例：he decided not to come after that want to do /love to do 想要 / 喜爱做某事 例：When I want to relax try to do 努力尝试做某事 例：Try to forget your fears 3. 不定式作状语、作主语的结构 目的状语：主句 + to do，表做前面这件事的目的 例：I love to watch kung fu movies to relax（看功夫片的目的是放松） It is + adj. + to do（it 作形式主语，真正主语后置） 例：it's important not to forget to relax 4. 不定式作 like 的宾语 like to do sth. 喜爱做某事；多个不定式并列时，后面的 to 常常可以省略 例：he likes to stay at home and watch movies, listen to music 三、否定形式规则 不定式否定统一把 not 放在 to 前面：not to do 正误对照： ✅ not to push、not to forget、decided not to come ❌ to not push（错误语序） 四、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：什么时候省略不定式符号 to 使役动词make、let + sb. + do（删掉 to） make me decide ✅ /make me to decide ❌； let us do ✅ /let us to do ❌ 感官动词 see/watch/hear + sb. + do（删掉 to） watch you fly ✅ /watch you to fly ❌ 易错点 2：区分宾补和目的状语 She told me not to give up：me 是 told 的宾语，not to give up 描述 me 的行为 → 宾补 I play the flute to relax：to relax 修饰整句动作，说明吹笛子的目的 → 状语，不可当作宾补 易错点 3：并列不定式 to 的省略 多个不定式共用前面的 to，后续动词直接使用原形即可 like to stay at home and watch movies, listen to music，后续 watch、listen 不再重复书写 to 五、配套典型例句（取自教材原题） 1.状语：I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. 2.宾语：I decided to give it a go. 3.宾补：She told me not to give up so easily. 4.省略 to 的宾补：It made me decide to try skiing. 5.形式主语句式：It's important not to forget to relax once in a while. 单项选择。 基础层（考查不定式基础形式、基础固定搭配） ()1.My mother asks me ______ my homework before dinner every day. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished ()2.Lily wants ______ a volunteer in the coming summer vacation. A. be B. being C. to be D. was ()3.It is good ______ morning exercises every day. A. to do B. do C. doing D. did ()4.The teacher told us ______ late for the morning reading. A. not be B. to not be C. not to be D. don't be ()5. I often go to the library ______ different kinds of books on weekends. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowed D. borrowing 提升层（考查省略 to 的不定式、句法功能辨析） ()6.The funny story made all of us ______ happily in class. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing ()7.Yesterday I watched my little brother ______ basketball on the playground for an hour. A. plays B. play C. to play D. played ()8.—Why do you get up so early? —______ catch the first school bus. A. So that B. In order C. To D. For ()9.He decided ______ to the party because he had too much homework. A. not come B. not to come C. to not come D. don't come ()10.The girl hopes ______ her pen pal as soon as possible. A. reply to B. replying C. to reply to D. replied 拔高层（混合辨析、语境区分宾补 / 状语、陷阱搭配） ()11.Would you please let me ______ your new smartphone? A. check B. to check C. checking D. checked ()12.It took me two hours ______ my science report last night. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished ()13.My best friend advised me ______ too much junk food to keep healthy. A. eat not B. not eating C. not to eat D. to not eat ()14.—What is your plan this weekend? —I plan ______ my grandparents in the countryside. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited ()15.To improve spoken English, Lisa tries ______ English aloud every morning. A. read B. to read C. reads D. readed 答案及详解1.【答案】B 【详解】句意：妈妈要求我每天晚饭前完成家庭作业。固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth. 表示 “要求某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，因此选用 to finish。故选 B。2.【答案】C 【详解】句意：莉莉想要在即将到来的暑假成为一名志愿者。固定结构 want to do sth. 意为 “想要做某事”，不定式充当 want 的宾语，be 动词使用原形。故选 C。3.【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天做早操是有益的。此处是 It 作形式主语的经典句型 It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，真正主语是后置的不定式。故选 A。4.【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们早读不要迟到。固定搭配 tell sb. not to do sth.，不定式的否定形式需要将 not 放在 to 前面。故选 C。5.【答案】B 【详解】句意：周末我经常去图书馆借阅各类书籍。此处不定式 to borrow 作目的状语，说明去往图书馆的目的。故选 B。6.【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个有趣的故事让我们全班开心大笑。使役动词 make 适用 make sb. do sth. 结构，其后作宾补的不定式必须省略 to，直接使用动词原形 laugh。故选 A。7.【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我看弟弟在操场上打了一小时篮球。感官动词 watch 搭配 watch sb. do sth.，侧重观看动作完整发生，不定式省去 to。故选 B。8.【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 你为什么起这么早？—— 为了赶上首班校车。这里不定式 To 引导目的状语；so that 后要接完整从句，for 后面常接名词，均不符合此处用法。故选 C。9.【答案】B 【详解】句意：他决定不去派对了，因为他作业很多。固定搭配 decide to do 的否定形式是 decide not to do，not 置于 to 之前。故选 B。10.【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个女孩希望尽快给笔友回信。hope 后面只能接不定式作宾语，即 hope to do sth.；reply 后面接对象需要搭配介词 to。故选 C。11.【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以让我看一下你的新手机吗？使役动词 let 遵循 let sb. do sth. 的规则，不定式省略 to，填入原形 check。故选 A。12.【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚我花了两个小时写完科学报告。固定句型 It takes/took sb. + 时长 + to do sth.，不定式充当句子真正主语。故选 C。13.【答案】C 【详解】句意：我好朋友建议我不要吃太多垃圾食品来保持健康。固定搭配 advise sb. not to do sth.，否定词 not 放在不定式符号 to 前方。故选 C。14.【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 你这周末的计划是什么？—— 我打算去乡下看望祖父母。plan 之后需要不定式充当宾语，构成 plan to do sth.（计划做某事）。故选 C。15.【答案】B 【详解】句意：为提升英语口语，莉萨努力坚持每天早晨大声朗读英语。try to do sth. 表示尽力去做某事，契合语境；try doing 侧重尝试某种做法，不符合题意。故选 B 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A allow   music   challenge   you   between   true   important   be   breathe   relax Everyone needs to relax after working or studying for a long time. So it’s     1     to have a hobby that makes you happy. Hobbies can help you feel better and get ready for new     2    . Outdoor activities     3     a great way to relax. You can ride a bike, go hiking, or play ball games with your friends. Outdoor activities let you     4     fresh air and enjoy nature, and they can help you forget about your worries. If you prefer to stay indoors, there are also many activities to help you feel     5    . Listening to music, drawing pictures, or practising calligraphy can make you feel calm and peaceful. These activities     6     you to enjoy quiet time alone. You might also find that learning something new helps take     7     mind off stress. For example, you can try cooking, programming, or learning a(n)     8     instrument. When you focus on learning, you shift (转移) your attention away from stress, and you may find that your worries go away. Having a proper balance     9     work and rest is important for everyone. It is good for both your body and your mind. Remember, the key is to find something you     10     enjoy and make time for it every day. 【答案】【小题 1】important【小题 2】challenges【小题 3】are【小题 4】breathe 【小题 5】relaxed【小题 6】allow【小题 7】your【小题 8】musical【小题 9】between【小题 10】truly 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了每个人在长时间工作或学习后都需要放松，介绍了户外活动、室内活动和学习新技能等不同爱好对缓解压力的好处，并强调了在工作与休息之间保持平衡的重要性。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：所以有一个让你快乐的爱好是很重要的。本句使用固定句型 "it' s + 形容词 + to do"，空内需填形容词。前文原文 “Everyone needs to relax after working or studying for a long time” 提出长时间学习、工作后需要放松，能体现培养爱好意义重大，备选词 important 含义为 “重要的”，匹配提倡培养爱好的语境。 【小题 2】句意：爱好可以帮助你感觉更好，并为新的挑战做好准备。空前 “new” 为形容词，后需接名词。前文写爱好可以调节身心，调整好状态才能应对各类新难题，备选词 challenge 含义为 “挑战” 符合语境，且此处为泛指，应用复数形式 challenges。 【小题 3】句意：户外活动是一种很好的放松方式。主语 “Outdoor activities” 为复数，描述一般事实应用一般现在时，谓语动词应用 are。故填 are。 【小题 4】句意：户外活动让你呼吸新鲜空气，享受大自然，它们能帮你忘掉烦恼。本句存在固定结构 “let sb. do sth.”，意为 “让某人做某事”，空内需填动词原形。后文搭配短语 “fresh air”，意思是 “新鲜空气”，和该短语可搭配的动作是呼吸，备选词 breathe 符合。 【小题 5】句意：如果你更喜欢待在室内，也有很多活动可以帮助你感到放松。空前 “feel” 为系动词，后需接形容词作表语。根据下文 “make you feel calm and peaceful”，此处表示帮助人感到 “放松的”。形容词 “relaxed” 意为 “感到放松的”。故填 relaxed。 【小题 6】句意：这些活动使你享受安静的独处时光。空后 “you to enjoy” 中出现了 “to”，提示空处应填一个动词，且构成 “动词 + sb.+to do” 结构。备选词中只有 allow 符合该结构，“allow sb. to do sth.” 意为 “允许某人做某事”。主语 “These activities” 为复数，应用动词原形。 【小题 7】句意：你也可能会发现学习新东西有助于把你的注意力从压力上移开。此处是固定搭配 “take one' s mind off sth.”，意思是 “转移某人对某事的注意力”，空内需填形容词性物主代词对应主语 you，单词 “you” 变形为 your，意为 “你的”，符合语境。 【小题 8】句意：例如，你可以尝试烹饪、编程或学习一种乐器。空后是名词 instrument，需要形容词修饰。备选词里只有 music 能和 instrument 搭配，这里要用它的形容词形式 musical，意为 “音乐的”，构成短语 musical instrument，含义为 “乐器”，符合语境。 【小题 9】句意：在工作与休息之间保持适当的平衡对每个人都很重要。后文并列出现 “work and rest” 两类事物，需要介词连接表示两者中间。固定搭配 “between...and...”，意思是 “在…… 和…… 两者之间”，所以填 between。 【小题 10】句意：记住，关键是要找到你真正喜欢的事情，并每天为它腾出时间。修饰动词 enjoy 需要副词，发自内心、真心喜爱的爱好，备选词 true 的副词形式 truly 意为 “真正地”，符合语境。 B  请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 reduce  down   it  Italian fit friend travel  out about program postcard stamp Hobbies are a great way to spend free time and bring many benefits. Some hobbies, like reading or listening to music, help people calm     1     after a busy day. Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, keep people     2    . Creative hobbies, like painting, allow people to express themselves or     3     stress. Luca Bruno, an     4     teenager, enjoys making mobile phone apps. He finds     5     fun to create apps that help others. He started     6     at age ten after being inspired by famous businessmen who started out as programmers. His latest app connects people who want to learn Italian, helping them study and make     7    . Maya Badal in India has a unique hobby: collecting postcards. She believes they are a wonderful way to learn     8     different places. Her collection began with a     9     of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Now, she has over 100 postcards from 32 countries and dreams of     10     to these places someday. Hobbies like these not only bring joy but also provide a sense of achievement and purpose. 【答案】【小题 1】down【小题 2】fit【小题 3】reduce【小题 4】Italian 【小题 5】it【小题 6】programming【小题 7】friends【小题 8】about【小题 9】postcard【小题 10】traveling/travelling 【导语】 本文介绍了爱好对人们的益处，包括放松身心、保持健康、缓解压力，并通过 Luca 和 Maya 的例子，展现了不同爱好带来的乐趣与成长。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：一些爱好，比如阅读或听音乐，能帮助人们在忙碌的一天后平静下来。固定搭配 calm down 表示 “平静下来”，此处需用 down。 【小题 2】句意：体育爱好，比如打网球或做瑜伽，能让人们保持健康。固定搭配 keep fit 表示 “保持健康”，此处需用 fit。 【小题 3】句意：创造性爱好，比如绘画，能让人们表达自我或减轻压力。结合语境，此处需用 reduce 表示 “减少、减轻”，与 stress 搭配表示 “减压”，此处与 express 是并列关系，所以应用动词原形。 【小题 4】句意：Luca Bruno，一个意大利的青少年，喜欢制作手机应用程序。修饰名词 teenager 需用形容词，此处需用 Italian 表示 “意大利的”。 【小题 5】句意：他发现制作帮助他人的应用程序很有趣。固定句型 “find it+adj.+to do sth.” 表示 “发现做某事……”，此处需用 it 作形式宾语。 【小题 6】句意：他十岁时受启发于出身程序员的著名商人，开始编程。结合后文 “programmers”，此处需用 programming（program 的动名词形式），表示 “编程”，符合 start doing sth.（开始做某事）的用法。 【小题 7】句意：他最新的应用程序连接想要学习意大利语的人，帮助他们学习并交朋友。固定搭配 make friends 表示 “交朋友”，此处需用 friends（friend 的复数形式）。 【小题 8】句意：她认为它们是了解不同地方的好方式。固定搭配 learn about 表示 “了解、得知”，此处需用 about。 【小题 9】句意：她的收藏始于一张敦煌莫高窟的明信片。结合前文 “collecting postcards”，此处需用 postcard 表示 “明信片”，不定冠词 a 后跟单数形式。 【小题 10】句意：现在，她有来自 32 个国家的 100 多张明信片，并梦想有一天去这些地方旅行。固定搭配 dream of doing sth. 表示 “梦想做某事”，此处需用 traveling/travelling（travel 的动名词形式），表示 “旅行”。 C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。  Life is like a roller coaster (过山车), full of ups and downs. Sometimes life throws unexpected     1     (challenge) on our way, but these downs can make the ups even sweeter. I     2     (want) to learn to skateboard since I was a kid—a dream that never left me, not even during the hardest times. Two years ago, I accidentally fell down a 12-meter waterfall and broke my leg. I went from using a wheelchair     3     using a walking stick, then to trying to walk a block, and finally walking miles. Though painful, my childhood wish to skateboard never disappeared. So I gave     4     (I) a skateboard on my birthday. For a long time, I tried to learn skating on my own. I had no idea what I     5     (do) at that time and felt embarrassed when strangers saw me skating. That fear of being judged often stopped me from getting out there for practice. One day, my friend Monica and I met some members of GRLSWIRL, a skateboarding club. They were     6     friendly that we wanted to be part of it. Although everyone there was excellent, they were happy     7     (help). There, I gradually became more confident. Falling is     8     huge part of skating. Because of that accident, it was     9     (real) hard for me to overcome it. However, it opened up a new world of possibilities for me. The more I learned from every little fall, the     10     (good) my body and mind felt. I believe that if you want to succeed as much as you want to breathe, you will be a great success. 【答案】【小题 1】challenges【小题 2】have wanted【小题 3】to【小题 4】myself【小题 5】was doing【小题 6】so【小题 7】to help【小题 8】a【小题 9】really【小题 10】better 【导语】 本文主要写作者摔伤腿后仍坚持滑板，克服自卑与对摔倒的恐惧，从中感悟人生道理。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：人生路上总会突如其来出现各种挑战，但这些低谷会让顺境变得更加美好。challenge 是可数名词，前面无单数冠词，表泛指 “多种挑战”，需变复数 challenges。 【小题 2】句意：从小我就想学滑板，这个梦想从未离我而去，即便在最艰难的日子里也是如此。since I was a kid（自从儿时起）是现在完成时标志，主语 I，助动词用 have，want 变过去分词 wanted。 【小题 3】句意：我从坐轮椅，到拄拐杖，再到试着走一个街区。from...to... 是固定短语，意为 “从…… 到……”，表状态、阶段的递进转换。本段讲两年前摔断腿后的康复过程，“from...to...” 清晰写出康复循序渐进的阶段变化。 【小题 4】句意：于是我在生日给自己买了一块滑板。句子主语是 I，动作 gave 的承受者是主语本人，要用反身代词 myself（我自己）。 【小题 5】句意：那时我完全不知道自己该做什么动作，路人看见我滑滑板，我就十分窘迫。at that time（在那个时候）指过去学滑板的某个瞬间，用过去进行时：was/were+doing，主语搭配 was。 【小题 6】句意：他们待人如此友善，以至于我想要加入这个滑板俱乐部。固定句型 “so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句”，译为 “如此…… 以至于……”。friendly 是形容词，前面用 so。 【小题 7】句意：虽然俱乐部里每个人技术都很厉害，但他们都乐于帮忙指导新手。固定搭配 be happy to do sth. 意为 “乐意做某事”，不定式 to do 作形容词 happy 的补足语。 【小题 8】句意：摔倒是滑板运动中很重要的一部分。part 是单数可数名词；huge 以辅音音素 /h/ 开头，表 “一个”，用不定冠词 a 表示泛指。 【小题 9】句意：因为当年那场摔伤事故，我真的很难克服害怕摔倒的心理。hard 是形容词，需要副词修饰。形容词 real 变副词为 really（真正地、十分）。 【小题 10】句意：我从每一次小小的摔倒中学到越多，我的身心状态就越好。固定句型 “The + 比较级，the + 比较级”，意为 “越……，就越……”；good 的比较级为 better。 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 D Last month we     1     (ask) our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and     2     (watch) TV. Here are the results. We found that only fifteen percent     3     our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all. We all know that many students often go online, but we were     4     (surprise) that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. Most students use it for     5     (funny) and not for homework. The answers     6     our questions about watching TV were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV     7     (fourth) to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the     8     (popular). It’s good to relax by     9     (use) the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It’s healthy for the mind and the body. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. And remember, “Old habits     10     (death) hard.” So start exercising before it’s too late. 【答案】【小题 1】asked【小题 2】watching【小题 3】of【小题 4】surprised 【小题 5】fun【小题 6】to【小题 7】four【小题 8】most【小题 9】using 【小题 10】die 【导语】 本文通过调查学生课余活动，发现大部分学生缺乏运动、过度使用网络和看电视，建议通过锻炼放松。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：上个月我们就学生的课余活动进行了问卷调查。时间状语 “Last month” 是过去时的标志，需用一般过去时，ask 的过去式是 asked。 【小题 2】句意：我们的问题是关于锻炼、上网和看电视。空格处与 “exercise”（名词）、“use of the Internet”（名词短语）并列作介词 “about” 的宾语，需用名词或动名词形式，动词 watch 的动名词是 watching。 【小题 3】句意：我们发现只有百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。“percent of” 是固定搭配，意为 “…… 的百分之……”，需用介词 of。 【小题 4】句意：…… 但我们感到惊讶的是，百分之九十的学生每天都上网。空格前 “were” 是系动词，需用形容词作表语，描述人的感受，surprise 的形容词形式 surprised 意为 “感到惊讶的”。 【小题 5】句意：大多数学生用它来娱乐，而不是做作业。介词 “for” 后需接名词作宾语，funny 的名词形式是 fun。 【小题 6】句意：关于看电视的问题的答案也很有趣。“the answers to” 是名词短语，意为 “…… 的答案”。 【小题 7】句意：百分之十三的学生每周看四到六次电视。表示次数 “四次” 需用基数词 four。 【小题 8】句意：…… 游戏节目是最受欢迎的。空格前 “the” 后需接形容词最高级，popular 的最高级是 most popular。 【小题 9】句意：通过使用互联网或看游戏节目来放松是好的……。介词 “by” 后需接动名词作宾语，use 的动名词是 using。 【小题 10】句意：旧习难改。“old habits die hard” 是英语谚语，意为 “积习难改”，die 为动词原形。 E Have you ever imagined that fridge magnets (冰箱贴) could hold 10, 000 years of history? Mei Qian (not her real name), 29, became famous online after posting “I 1 (final) collected all dynasties in the ‘10,000 Years of Huaxia’ fridge magnet series.” Each magnet on her board shows a relic (文物) from 2 different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). “At first, I just bought magnets as souvenirs,” Mei said. “After a jade exhibition, I looked at my collection and thought—what if I collected magnets for every dynasty?” Mei started 3 (place) them in historical order and wrote names and dates for each one. She made sure everything was correct and considered how to make them look both 4 (education) and beautiful. “Each magnet became a tiny door into the past,” she said. Mei didn’t stop at collecting—she also started making her own. One of her 5 (favorite) is a tiny version (版本) of a lacquer screen (漆器屏风) from the tomb (墓) of Sima Jinlong, a nobleman (贵族) from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386—534). The magnet is 9. 8 centimeters tall and looks 6 a little piece of art. “I painted it by hand on wood,” Mei said. “I looked at real museum lights and official photos to get the right color.” Mei even asked people online, “Do you like the glossy (亮光的) or matte (哑光的) version 7 (good)?” She said it felt like being a real designer. “Fridge magnets are small, fun and easy to understand. You can see a piece of history every time you get a snack,” Mei joked. “You don’t need 8 (read) a long book—just one image can make you curious.” To middle schoolers, Mei 9 (share) her advice: “Start with what you love—dragons, pottery (陶器), paintings. It might look random (随机的) at first, 10 piece by piece, your collection becomes a story.” 【答案】【小题 1】finally【小题 2】a【小题 3】placing/to place【小题 4】educational 【小题 5】favorites【小题 6】like【小题 7】better【小题 8】to read【小题 9】shared【小题 10】but 【导语】 本文讲述了 29 岁的梅倩（化名）因收集 “华夏万年” 系列冰箱贴而走红网络的故事。文章介绍了她如何从单纯的纪念品购买者转变为有系统地收集和研究者，并亲手制作冰箱贴，将历史文物以小巧有趣的方式呈现出来，激发人们对历史的兴趣。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：我终于集齐了 “华夏万年” 冰箱贴系列的所有朝代。空格处修饰动词 “collected”，需要副词形式。final 是形容词，其副词形式为 finally。 【小题 2】句意：她板上的每个磁铁都展示了一件来自不同中国朝代的文物，从石器时代到清朝（1644-1911）。根据 “different Chinese dynasty” 可知，此处泛指一个不同的中国朝代，且 different 是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词 a。 【小题 3】句意：梅开始将它们按历史顺序排列，并为每个磁铁写上名称和日期。start doing/to do sth “开始做某事”，为固定用法，所以两种形式 placing、to place 均成立。 【小题 4】句意：她确保一切正确，并考虑如何使它们看起来既有教育意义又美观。根据并列词 “and beautiful” 可知，此处应当填入形容词 educational，表示 “有教育意义的”，和 beautiful 并列。 【小题 5】句意：她最喜欢的一个是北魏（386 年 —534 年）贵族司马金龙墓中的漆器屏风的缩小版。固定结构 one of + 可数名词复数，表示 “…… 之一”，因此名词 favorite 需要变为复数形式 favorites。 【小题 6】句意：这个磁铁高 9.8 厘米，看起来像一件小小的艺术品。依据后文 “little piece of art”，这里使用固定短语 look like，含义为 “看起来像”，故填写 like。 【小题 7】句意：你喜欢亮光版本还是哑光版本？题干在亮面、哑光二者之中进行对比，需要使用 good 的比较级 better。 【小题 8】句意：你不需要读一整本书 —— 只需要一张图片就能让你产生好奇。固定搭配 need to do sth 意为 “需要做某事”，此处使用动词不定式 to read。 【小题 9】句意：对于中学生，梅分享了她的建议。依据上下文语境，句子时态选用一般过去时，谓语动词变为过去式 shared。 【小题 10】句意：一开始可能看起来很随意，但一件一件地，你的收藏就变成了一个故事。前半句 “It might look random (随机的) at first” 和后半句 “piece by piece, your collection becomes a story” 语义存在转折，因此用转折连词 but 衔接。 3、 完形填空。 A 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Teng Fei is a 14-year-old middle school student. He has a special hobby—street photography. It has become an important part of his life and brings him lots of     1    . Two years ago, Teng Fei felt bored after finishing schoolwork every day. One day, he saw an uncle taking photos on the street. The beautiful pictures     2     him a lot. Then he decided to     3     into photography as his new hobby. At first, he only used his old phone to     4     photos. He knew nothing about skills, so his works were     5     and not good enough. However, Teng Fei never     6    . He read many kinds of books online to learn     7     knowledge about photography. He also watched short videos to learn how to catch beautiful     8     quickly. On weekends, he walks around the city slowly to take different photos. He likes recording     9     people’s daily lives, warm smiles and quiet city views. Slowly, his photos     10     better and better. His teachers and friends all admired (欣赏) his works. Last month, he even     11     a small photo competition in his school. To     12     his dream, he has saved his pocket money to buy a better camera     13    . Teng Fei says photography is not just a hobby. It helps him     14     the world more carefully. When he takes photos, he feels happy and     15    . He will keep his hobby forever. 1. A．trouble B．joy C．stress D．effort 2. A．interested B．warned C．hurt D．controlled 3. A．risk B．give C．get D．wake 4. A．draw B．paint C．press D．take 5. A．clear B．simple C．lively D．modern 6. A．gave up B．turned up C．stood up D．dressed up 7. A．hidden B．basic C．false D．familiar 8. A．moments B．power C．programs D．condition 9. A．active B．elderly C．common D．successful 10. A．entered B．became C．behaved D．attacked 11. A．won B．lost C．missed D．held 12. A．break B．share C．follow D．forget 13. A．sadly B．surprisingly C．suddenly D．recently 14. A．suffer B．notice C．change D．invent 15. A．relaxed B．lonely C．scared D．weak 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】A【小题 3】C【小题 4】D【小题 5】B【小题 6】A 【小题 7】B【小题 8】A【小题 9】C【小题 10】B【小题 11】A【小题 12】C【小题 13】D【小题 14】B【小题 15】A 【导语】 本文主要讲述了 14 岁中学生腾飞对街头摄影产生兴趣，通过不断学习和练习，摄影技术越来越好，并从中获得快乐和感悟的故事。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：它已经成为他生活的重要组成部分，并给他带来了很多快乐。 根据上文 “It has become an important part of his life” 以及后文他坚持这个爱好，表明摄影给他带来了积极的影响，即快乐。joy（快乐）符合语境；trouble（麻烦）、stress（压力）、effort（努力），均不符合爱好带来的正向感受。 【小题 2】句意：那些美丽的照片让他很感兴趣。 根据下文 “Then he decided to...into photography as his new hobby.” 表明正是因为这些美丽的照片让他产生了浓厚的兴趣，他才决定把摄影当作新爱好。应用 interested（感兴趣的）；warned（警告）、hurt（伤害）、controlled（控制），语义和场景不匹配。 【小题 3】句意：然后他决定把摄影作为他的新爱好。 “get into” 意为 “开始从事，对…… 产生兴趣”，属于固定搭配，契合他决定开始接触并投入到摄影中的语境。risk（冒险）、give（给予）、wake（唤醒），无法搭配爱好。 【小题 4】句意：起初，他只用他的旧手机拍照。 “take photos” 意为 “拍照”，是固定搭配。draw（画画）、paint（绘画）、press（按压），没有拍摄图片的含义。 【小题 5】句意：他不懂任何技巧，所以他的作品很简单，不够好。 根据前文 “He knew nothing about skills” 和后文 “not good enough”，能够看出他初期作品缺乏技巧，风格比较简单。simple（简单的）适配语境；clear（清晰的）、lively（生动的）、modern（现代的），体现不出技术不足这一短板。 【小题 6】句意：然而，腾飞从未放弃。 根据后文他上网看书、观看视频努力学习摄影知识，能够看出他遭遇困难之后没有半途放弃，选用 gave up（放弃）；turned up（出现）、stood up（起立）、dressed up（打扮），和坚持学习的情节相反。 【小题 7】句意：他在网上读了各种各样的书来学习关于摄影的基础知识。 前文交代他没有相关技巧，因此他需要从最 “基础” 的内容起步学习。basic（基础的）合适；hidden（隐藏的）、false（虚假的）、familiar（熟悉的），不契合入门学习的语境。 【小题 8】句意：他还看短视频学习如何快速捕捉美丽的瞬间。 结合摄影的特点，摄影的要义就是捕捉生活当中美好的瞬间，选用 moments（瞬间）；power（力量）、programs（节目）、condition（条件），不符合拍摄场景。 【小题 9】句意：他喜欢记录普通人的日常生活、温暖的笑容和安静的城市景色。 下文 “people’s daily lives” 说明街头摄影往往记录普通大众日常百态，common（普通的）符合语境；active（积极的）、elderly（年长的）、successful（成功的），不契合街头纪实的主题。 【小题 10】句意：慢慢地，他的照片变得越来越好。 经过长时间学习、练习，他作品水平逐步提升，became（变得）匹配循序渐进进步的过程；entered（进入）、behaved（表现）、attacked（攻击），语境不合适。 【小题 11】句意：上个月，他甚至在学校赢得了一个小型摄影比赛。 依据上文 “His teachers and friends all admired his works.”，他的作品收获了身边人的认可，因此他拿下了比赛奖项，选用 won（赢得）；lost（输掉）、missed（错过）、held（举办），不符合参赛获奖的语义。 【小题 12】句意：为了追逐他的梦想，他最近攒零花钱买一个更好的相机。 “follow one’s dream” 意为 “追逐梦想”，是固定搭配，贴合他为了摄影爱好存钱的语境。 【小题 13】句意：为了追逐他的梦想，他最近攒零花钱买一个更好的相机。 存钱购置相机是近期持续进行的行为，recently（最近）适配此处叙事时间；sadly（伤心地）、surprisingly（令人惊讶地）、suddenly（突然地），均不符合语境。 【小题 14】句意：它帮助他更仔细地观察这个世界。 摄影能够锻炼观察力，让人留意周遭世界细碎的美好细节，notice（注意到）适配此意；suffer（遭受）、change（改变）、invent（发明），不能体现摄影的观察作用。 【小题 15】句意：当他拍照时，他感到快乐和放松。 此处用 and 衔接并列形容词，和 happy 并列，relaxed（放松的）最贴合享受爱好的心境；lonely（孤单的）、scared（害怕的）、weak（虚弱的），词义都和 happy 相悖，不符合愉悦的心境。 B Every evening after finishing homework, Mia would run to her bedroom and     1     her digital (数码的) world. She played games, watched videos, and chatted with her friends online. She almost had no     2     for outdoor activities. One day, Mrs Thompson set the class a     3    . “It’s important to use screens     4    . I want each of you to create a ‘Screen Time Balance Chart (图表)’. You’ll     5     your favourite screen activities and non-screen activities on it,” she said. Feeling     6    , Mia could hardly wait to get started! On the chart, she wrote down all her favourite screen activities. Then she thought about non-screen activities. She could only     7     a few, like riding a bike and skiing. After that, Mia thought about     8    . Then she realized her problem. The next day, Mia brought her chart to school. Many students had the same     9     as her. Then Mia     10     spending more time outside together. Everyone agreed, and they planned a(n)     11     for the weekend. It was a fantastic journey. Mia felt a sense of     12     that no screen could give her. Her classmates felt glad too. As weeks passed, they     13     to meet every weekend. They discovered new games and started a book club. Now Mia     14     enjoys her tablet (平板电脑), but she learns to     15     her time well between the online world and real life. 1. A．dream of B．get into C．get over D．give up 2. A．money B．space C．interest D．time 3. A．record B．rule C．task D．deal 4. A．secretly B．wisely C．simply D．freely 5. A．list B．avoid C．test D．change 6. A．scared B．sad C．excited D．proud 7. A．hear of B．work on C．think of D．look for 8. A．safety B．balance C．harm D．health 9. A．problem B．hobby C．stress D．goal 10. A．enjoyed B．suggested C．stopped D．practised 11. A．check B．stage C．budget D．outing 12. A．achievement B．luck C．happiness D．surprise 13. A．feared B．failed C．continued D．decided 14. A．still B．never C．only D．seldom 15. A．manage B．pass C．prepare D．save 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】D【小题 3】C【小题 4】B【小题 5】A【小题 6】C 【小题 7】C【小题 8】B【小题 9】A【小题 10】B【小题 11】D【小题 12】C 【小题 13】D【小题 14】A【小题 15】A 【导语】 本文讲述了 Mia 此前沉迷电子产品，在老师布置的平衡时间任务中意识到自身问题，随后和同学一同参与户外活动，学会合理分配线上、现实生活时间的故事。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：每晚 Mia 写完作业就跑进卧室，进入她的数码世界。 get into 意为进入、陷入（某种状态、世界），契合语境；dream of（梦想）、get over（克服）、give up（放弃）均不符合句意。 【小题 2】句意：她几乎没有时间进行户外活动。 前文交代她一直把玩电子产品，因此缺少的是时间 time；money（金钱）、space（空间）、interest（兴趣）不符合此处语境。 【小题 3】句意：Thompson 老师给全班布置了一项任务。 set a task 是固定搭配，含义为布置任务；record（记录）、rule（规则）、deal（交易）和语境不匹配。 【小题 4】句意：明智地使用电子产品很重要。 后文老师让学生制作屏幕时间平衡表，倡导适度、合理地使用电子设备，wisely（明智地）贴合文章主旨；secretly（秘密地）、simply（简单地）、freely（自由地）不符合文意。 【小题 5】句意：你们要在上面列出喜欢的屏幕活动和非屏幕活动。 做图表需要罗列相关活动，list 意为列出；avoid（避免）、test（测试）、change（改变）不符合场景。 【小题 6】句意：Mia 感到很兴奋，迫不及待开始！ could hardly wait to do 代表迫不及待，对应的情绪是 excited（兴奋的）；scared（害怕的）、sad（伤心的）、proud（骄傲的）逻辑不符。 【小题 7】句意：她只能想出少数几个（户外活动），比如骑自行车和滑雪。 think of 表示动脑想出、想到活动项目；hear of（听说）、work on（致力于）、look for（寻找）不适用于此处语境。 【小题 8】句意：在那之后，Mia 思考起了平衡问题。 老师下发的任务为 Screen Time Balance Chart（屏幕时间平衡表），全文核心话题就是时间平衡，因此选用 balance；safety（安全）、harm（伤害）、health（健康）偏离主题。 【小题 9】句意：很多同学和她有着同样的问题。 Mia 日常屏幕时长过长、户外活动稀缺，不少同学有着相同的困扰，选用 problem（问题）；hobby（爱好）、stress（压力）、goal（目标）不合适。 【小题 10】句意：然后 Mia 建议大家多花时间一同开展户外活动。 suggest doing sth. 是固定用法，意为建议做某事，契合 Mia 向同学提议的语境；enjoy doing（喜爱做）、stop doing（停止做）、practise doing（练习做）语义不符。 【小题 11】句意：大家表示赞同，计划周末安排一次户外活动。 承接前文的提议，此处 outing 表示户外活动；check（检查）、stage（舞台）、budget（预算）和前文内容无关。 【小题 12】句意：Mia 察觉到屏幕带来的快乐变少了。 后文提及她的同学们也感到开心，可推出此处对应的名词为 happiness（快乐）；achievement（成就）、luck（运气）、surprise（惊喜）不符合语境。 【小题 13】句意：几周流逝过去，他们决定每个周末碰面。 decide to do 表示下定决心做出安排，适配他们敲定周末相聚计划的情节；fear（害怕）、fail（失败）、continue（继续）不合适。 【小题 14】句意：现如今 Mia 依旧喜爱自己的平板。 下文出现转折词 but，说明她并没有彻底排斥平板，still（仍然）最适配；never（从不）、only（仅仅）、seldom（很少）逻辑不通顺。 【小题 15】句意：但是她学会在网络世界与现实生活之间妥善把控自己的时间。 文章主线是实现时间平衡，Mia 最终学会规划、管理日常时间，manage（管理）表意最为准确；pass（度过）、prepare（准备）、save（节省）不符合语境。 4、 阅读理解。 A Hello, I’m Andy. There are all kinds of apps. Some of them are useful and important. Let’s see what apps my family members like. I like this app, Kindle. The app has lots of books. With Kindle, I can read so many books from storybooks to science books. It’s a good app. My grandpa and my parents all like it. It helps them keep healthy. They say if you also love running, you must have this app on your phone. Pocket can help you save news stories and videos on the Internet. Then you can read them or watch them in your free time. My sister Marie likes it a lot, but I don’t. I have my Kindle. If you want to learn how to cook nice food, Joy of Cooking can help you a lot. There are so many good videos for you to watch. My grandma likes it. She learns how to cook nice food from it. I feel happy that she has Joy of Cooking. I like the food she cooks! 1. Who loves reading in the family? A．Andy. B．Andy's mother. C．Andy's father. D．Andy's grandpa. 2. Which app can help people keep healthy? A．Kindle. B．RunKeeper. C．Pocket. D．Joy of Cooking. 3. Why does Andy’s grandma choose Joy of Cooking? A．It has many free books. B．She can save news stories. C．She can find running partners. D．It offers useful cooking videos. 4. From the passage, we can infer that Andy’s family ________. A．always use apps together B．only use these four apps in the passage C．all like apps that can help to learn new things D．pick different apps because of different hobbies 5. Where does the passage probably come from? A．A story book. B．A travel guide. C．A life magazine. D．A sports report. 【答案】 【小题 1】A【小题 2】B【小题 3】D【小题 4】D【小题 5】C 【导语】 本文主要介绍了安迪的家庭成员所喜欢的不同应用程序及其功能。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据文中 "I like this app, Kindle. The app has lots of books. With Kindle, I can read so many books from storybooks to science books." 可知喜欢阅读的是安迪。 【小题 2】文中提到 "It’s a good app. My grandpa and my parents all like it. It helps them keep healthy."，这里的 it 指的是 RunKeeper，所以能帮助人们保持健康的应用程序是 RunKeeper。 【小题 3】从 "If you want to learn how to cook nice food, Joy of Cooking can help you a lot. There are so many good videos for you to watch. My grandma likes it. She learns how to cook nice food from it." 可知奶奶选择 Joy of Cooking 是因为它提供有用的烹饪视频。 【小题 4】文中分别介绍了安迪喜欢 Kindle 用于阅读，爷爷奶奶和父母喜欢 RunKeeper 用于保持健康，妹妹喜欢 Pocket 用于保存和观看新闻故事和视频，奶奶喜欢 Joy of Cooking 用于学习烹饪，由此可知安迪的家人因为不同的爱好选择不同的应用程序。 【小题 5】文章主要介绍了安迪家人因不同爱好使用不同的应用程序，这些内容与生活相关，所以文章可能来自生活杂志。 B  Recently, Xie Zhaoyutong, a middle school student, has gained lots of attention online. The boy turned his bedroom into a “private museum”. People praise him for his knowledge of history and smart way of speaking, saying he is like a professor. Named the “Yu Tang Museum”, his bedroom, just over ten square metres, is filled with old books, copper coins, and porcelain (瓷器). He spent almost all of his lucky money and pocket money buying these items. He said that at first, he loved the items for their appearances, but as he learned more about history, he realized that each item carries a special culture. The only free space in the room is his bed. “This bed is for my body, while everything else is for my spirit,” he said. For him, arranging (布置) his room this way has another advantage: it reminds him to use his phone less. Xie Zhaoyutong’s interest in reading began around the age of three or four, and a visit to a museum with his mother at six made him fall in love with cultural relics (文物) and history. The boy believes learning history well helps with school subjects like Chinese and makes his life more interesting. He doesn’t care about material comforts—he even wears old socks with holes! But he loves filling his mind with knowledge. “Having fewer things means more space for thinking,” he says. “Life without learning is boring.” To Xie, reading an ancient book lets him understand what people thought thousands of years ago; touching a Han Dynasty brick allows him to imagine the lives of people who lived then. This kind of joy, he believes, is much better than fleeting online fun. 1. What do we know about Xie Zhaoyutong from Paragraph 1? A．He is a college student. B．He works as a professor. C．He built a public museum. D．He has become popular online. 2. Xie Zhaoyutong spent most of his lucky money and pocket money on ________ A．old objects B．a bigger bedroom C．school subjects D．new clothes and shoes 3. The underlined word “advantage” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．change B．benefit C．problem D．challenge 4. Which of the following is TRUE about Xie Zhaoyutong’s lifestyle? ① He never uses his phone in his free time. ② He prefers to fill his mind with knowledge. ③ He spends most of his time on online games. ④ He doesn’t care a lot about expensive clothes. A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④ 5. What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Teenager’s Love for History B．How to Collect Cultural Relics C．A Private Museum in a Bedroom D．The Importance of Learning History 【答案】【小题 1】D【小题 2】A【小题 3】B【小题 4】D【小题 5】C 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了初中生谢昭雨槿将卧室改造成 “雨堂博物馆”，收藏旧书、铜币、瓷器等老物件，展现他对历史文化的热爱与独特的精神追求。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据第一段 “Recently, Xie Zhaoyutong, a middle school student, has gained lots of attention online. The boy turned his bedroom into a 'private museum'. People praise him for his knowledge of history and smart way of speaking, saying he is like a professor.” 可知，谢昭雨槿是一名初中生，并非大学生，也不是真正的教授，他打造的是私人博物馆而非公共博物馆，只有 “在网上走红” 符合原文表述。 【小题 2】根据第二段 “Named the 'Yu Tang Museum', his bedroom, just over ten square metres, is filled with old books, copper coins, and porcelain. He spent almost all of his lucky money and pocket money buying these items.” 可知，“these items” 指代前文提到的旧书、铜币、瓷器等老物件，因此他的压岁钱和零花钱大多花在了老物件上。 【小题 3】第四段：“For him, arranging his room this way has another advantage: it reminds him to use his phone less.”，后文 “it reminds him to use his phone less” 是布置房间带来的好处，因此 “advantage” 在此处意为 “好处”，与选项 “benefit” 同义。 【小题 4】①原文第四段 “it reminds him to use his phone less”，仅说明 “少用手机”，并非 “从不使用”，表述错误；②原文第六段 “But he loves filling his mind with knowledge.”，表述与原文一致，正确；③原文第七段 “This kind of joy, he believes, is much better than fleeting online fun.”，说明他并不沉迷网络娱乐，表述错误；④原文第六段 “He doesn't care about material comforts—he even wears old socks with holes!”，说明他不追求物质享受，不在意昂贵衣物，表述正确。因此，②和④表述正确。 【小题 5】全文围绕谢昭雨槿将卧室打造成 “私人博物馆” 展开，从博物馆的打造、藏品，到背后的历史热爱与生活方式，均以 “卧室里的私人博物馆” 为核心线索；因此，“A Private Museum in a Bedroom” 点明了文章的核心载体，是贯穿全文的关键线索，最能概括全文内容，适合作为文章的标题。 C  ①Many young people take up dancing as a hobby in their free time. In fact, people now see dancing as one of the best ways to feel better when they are sad or worried. When you dance, you move your body to music. This helps your body produce endorphins (产生内啡肽). Endorphins can help you feel relaxed and happy. ②First, dancing helps you feel much better than doing other things. You can feel good by just listening to music or doing sports. But when you mix music and movement together, it works even better! Scientists do a test with some people. They find that those who dance to music feel the happiest. They feel much better than those who only listen to music or ride a bike. ③Dancing can also help you make friends. Dance styles like Latin dance need you to move with a partner. It can make you feel more connected to others, according to scientists. ④Also, dancing helps you forget your worries. Sometimes, feeling sad comes from thinking too much about the past or the future. When you dance, you listen to the music and feel your body right now. It lets your mind take a break. ⑤In a word, if you like music, dancing can be a great way to relax. You don’t have to be a great dancer. You can just move around in your room to your favourite song, or go dancing with friends. The most important thing is to have fun! 1. How does dancing help people feel relaxed and happy? A．It allows people to move freely. B．It makes people focus on music. C．It gives people a chance to exercise. D．It helps the body produce endorphins. 2. According to the scientists’ test, what makes people feel the happiest? A．Riding a bike. B．Dancing to music. C．Listening to music. D．Making more friends. 3. What does the writer think is the most important thing of dancing? A．Having fun. B．Being a good dancer. C．Doing it with friends. D．Listening to favourite songs. 4. What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 【小题 1】D【小题 2】B【小题 3】A【小题 4】C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跳舞作为一种爱好，能帮助人们放松心情、结交朋友、忘记烦恼的多种益处。 【详解】 【小题 1】第一段提到："This helps your body produce endorphins. Endorphins can help you feel relaxed and happy"，直接说明跳舞能帮助身体产生内啡肽，从而让人放松快乐。 【小题 2】第二段提到科学家的测试："They find that those who dance to music feel the happiest"，直接说明跟着音乐跳舞的人感觉最快乐。 【小题 3】第五段明确指出："The most important thing is to have fun!"，说明作者认为跳舞最重要的是玩得开心。 【小题 4】文章结构为总 — 分 — 总：①段总述跳舞的好处；②③④段分别从改善心情、结交朋友、忘记烦恼三个方面论述；⑤段总结全文，再次强调跳舞的意义。 跳舞对身体有哪些具体的益处？ 推荐一些适合初学者的舞蹈 如何选择适合自己的舞蹈音乐？ 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 Some people see a hobby as a waste of time. They think a hobby is only something to pass the time. In fact, a hobby is much more than that. Its advantages (优点) are as follows. ★People can have time for themselves. If one has a hobby, he or she can enjoy quiet time. People usually think more clearly when they enjoy their favourite hobbies. People often get some good ideas at that time. ★People can discover their talent (天赋). People often find new talent in themselves when they enjoy their hobbies. Some people find their talent for playing the piano only when they sit down and play. The only way to find this talent is to try. The first thing you should do is to find something that you are interested in. ★People can feel relaxed. Most hobbies are good ways to relax. Coming home from work and sitting down to enjoy things you like help you relax. Hobbies also help you get a better sleep. The Advantages of Hobbies Helping people have their     1     time When you     2     your hobbies, you may think more clearly and get some good ideas. Making people discover new talent Try to find what you are     3    . This may help you find your new talent. Helping people feel relaxed When you come home from work, hobbies can help you relax and     4    . What’s your favourite hobby? What do you think of it?     5     【答案】【小题 1】own【小题 2】enjoy【小题 3】interested in【小题 4】sleep better 【小题 5】My favourite hobby is doing calligraphy. I think it is difficult but interesting.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爱好的三个优点：让人们拥有自己的时间、发现天赋以及感到放松。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据文章第 2 段 “People can have time for themselves.” 可知，人们可以拥有属于自己的时间，“for themselves” 等同于 “their own”，所以填 own。 【小题 2】根据文章第 2 段 “People usually think more clearly when they enjoy their favourite hobbies.” 可知，人们享受自己最喜欢的爱好时，通常思维会更清晰，所以填 enjoy。 【小题 3】根据文章第 3 段 “The first thing you should do is to find something that you are interested in.” 可知，你应该做的第一件事是找到你感兴趣的东西，所以填 interested in。 【小题 4】根据文章第 4 段 “Hobbies also help you get a better sleep.” 可知，爱好也能帮助获得更好的睡眠，所以填 sleep better。 【小题 5】本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一。根据个人实际情况作答即可，但要注意使用完整句子回答 “最喜欢的爱好及看法”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Day 9 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 动词不定式（解析版） 动词不定式 一、不定式基础概念 动词不定式基本形式为 to + 动词原形（否定式：not to do），它属于非谓语动词，不能单独充当句子谓语，可以在句中充当宾语、宾语补足语、状语这三类高频成分（本课时重点区分这三种句法功能）。 三种句法功能详解 状语（adverbial）：大多表目的，解释主句动作的意图 例：I play the flute to relax.（吹长笛的目的是放松，不定式作目的状语）；I went to the sports centre to ice-skate.（去运动中心目的是滑冰，作状语） 宾语（object）：放在 decide、want、hope 等及物动词的后面，充当动词的宾语 例：I decided to give it a go.（decide 之后的 to give 是 decide 的宾语） 宾语补足语（object complement）：补充说明宾语要执行的动作，完善宾语的相关情况 例：She told me not to give up so easily.（me 是宾语，not to give up 用来补充说明 me 的动作，属于宾补） 二、高频固定搭配（填空必背） 1. 不定式作宾补的固定结构 make sb. do sth.（使某人做某事，make 后不定式要省略 to） 例：It made me decide to try skiing. ask sb. to do sth. 要求 / 请求某人做某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 例：asks me to fly kites；told me not to push myself too hard watch / see sb. do sth. 观看某人做完整个动作，感官动词 watch、see 之后不定式省略 to 例：watch you fly kites；I saw my mother paint. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事；let sb. do sth.（let 后不定式省略 to） 例：wanted us to spend more time；let us do our favourite activities 2. 不定式作宾语的固定结构 decide (not) to do 决定（不）做某事 例：he decided not to come after that want to do /love to do 想要 / 喜爱做某事 例：When I want to relax try to do 努力尝试做某事 例：Try to forget your fears 3. 不定式作状语、作主语的结构 目的状语：主句 + to do，表做前面这件事的目的 例：I love to watch kung fu movies to relax（看功夫片的目的是放松） It is + adj. + to do（it 作形式主语，真正主语后置） 例：it's important not to forget to relax 4. 不定式作 like 的宾语 like to do sth. 喜爱做某事；多个不定式并列时，后面的 to 常常可以省略 例：he likes to stay at home and watch movies, listen to music 三、否定形式规则 不定式否定统一把 not 放在 to 前面：not to do 正误对照： ✅ not to push、not to forget、decided not to come ❌ to not push（错误语序） 四、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：什么时候省略不定式符号 to 使役动词make、let + sb. + do（删掉 to） make me decide ✅ /make me to decide ❌； let us do ✅ /let us to do ❌ 感官动词 see/watch/hear + sb. + do（删掉 to） watch you fly ✅ /watch you to fly ❌ 易错点 2：区分宾补和目的状语 She told me not to give up：me 是 told 的宾语，not to give up 描述 me 的行为 → 宾补 I play the flute to relax：to relax 修饰整句动作，说明吹笛子的目的 → 状语，不可当作宾补 易错点 3：并列不定式 to 的省略 多个不定式共用前面的 to，后续动词直接使用原形即可 like to stay at home and watch movies, listen to music，后续 watch、listen 不再重复书写 to 五、配套典型例句（取自教材原题） 1.状语：I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. 2.宾语：I decided to give it a go. 3.宾补：She told me not to give up so easily. 4.省略 to 的宾补：It made me decide to try skiing. 5.形式主语句式：It's important not to forget to relax once in a while. 单项选择。 基础层（考查不定式基础形式、基础固定搭配） ()1.My mother asks me ______ my homework before dinner every day. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished ()2.Lily wants ______ a volunteer in the coming summer vacation. A. be B. being C. to be D. was ()3.It is good ______ morning exercises every day. A. to do B. do C. doing D. did ()4.The teacher told us ______ late for the morning reading. A. not be B. to not be C. not to be D. don't be ()5. I often go to the library ______ different kinds of books on weekends. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowed D. borrowing 提升层（考查省略 to 的不定式、句法功能辨析） ()6.The funny story made all of us ______ happily in class. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing ()7.Yesterday I watched my little brother ______ basketball on the playground for an hour. A. plays B. play C. to play D. played ()8.—Why do you get up so early? —______ catch the first school bus. A. So that B. In order C. To D. For ()9.He decided ______ to the party because he had too much homework. A. not come B. not to come C. to not come D. don't come ()10.The girl hopes ______ her pen pal as soon as possible. A. reply to B. replying C. to reply to D. replied 拔高层（混合辨析、语境区分宾补 / 状语、陷阱搭配） ()11.Would you please let me ______ your new smartphone? A. check B. to check C. checking D. checked ()12.It took me two hours ______ my science report last night. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished ()13.My best friend advised me ______ too much junk food to keep healthy. A. eat not B. not eating C. not to eat D. to not eat ()14.—What is your plan this weekend? —I plan ______ my grandparents in the countryside. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited ()15.To improve spoken English, Lisa tries ______ English aloud every morning. A. read B. to read C. reads D. readed 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A allow   music   challenge   you   between   true   important   be   breathe   relax Everyone needs to relax after working or studying for a long time. So it’s     1     to have a hobby that makes you happy. Hobbies can help you feel better and get ready for new     2    . Outdoor activities     3     a great way to relax. You can ride a bike, go hiking, or play ball games with your friends. Outdoor activities let you     4     fresh air and enjoy nature, and they can help you forget about your worries. If you prefer to stay indoors, there are also many activities to help you feel     5    . Listening to music, drawing pictures, or practising calligraphy can make you feel calm and peaceful. These activities     6     you to enjoy quiet time alone. You might also find that learning something new helps take     7     mind off stress. For example, you can try cooking, programming, or learning a(n)     8     instrument. When you focus on learning, you shift (转移) your attention away from stress, and you may find that your worries go away. Having a proper balance     9     work and rest is important for everyone. It is good for both your body and your mind. Remember, the key is to find something you     10     enjoy and make time for it every day. B  请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 reduce  down   it  Italian fit friend travel  out about program postcard stamp Hobbies are a great way to spend free time and bring many benefits. Some hobbies, like reading or listening to music, help people calm     1     after a busy day. Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, keep people     2    . Creative hobbies, like painting, allow people to express themselves or     3     stress. Luca Bruno, an     4     teenager, enjoys making mobile phone apps. He finds     5     fun to create apps that help others. He started     6     at age ten after being inspired by famous businessmen who started out as programmers. His latest app connects people who want to learn Italian, helping them study and make     7    . Maya Badal in India has a unique hobby: collecting postcards. She believes they are a wonderful way to learn     8     different places. Her collection began with a     9     of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Now, she has over 100 postcards from 32 countries and dreams of     10     to these places someday. Hobbies like these not only bring joy but also provide a sense of achievement and purpose. C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。  Life is like a roller coaster (过山车), full of ups and downs. Sometimes life throws unexpected     1     (challenge) on our way, but these downs can make the ups even sweeter. I     2     (want) to learn to skateboard since I was a kid—a dream that never left me, not even during the hardest times. Two years ago, I accidentally fell down a 12-meter waterfall and broke my leg. I went from using a wheelchair     3     using a walking stick, then to trying to walk a block, and finally walking miles. Though painful, my childhood wish to skateboard never disappeared. So I gave     4     (I) a skateboard on my birthday. For a long time, I tried to learn skating on my own. I had no idea what I     5     (do) at that time and felt embarrassed when strangers saw me skating. That fear of being judged often stopped me from getting out there for practice. One day, my friend Monica and I met some members of GRLSWIRL, a skateboarding club. They were     6     friendly that we wanted to be part of it. Although everyone there was excellent, they were happy     7     (help). There, I gradually became more confident. Falling is     8     huge part of skating. Because of that accident, it was     9     (real) hard for me to overcome it. However, it opened up a new world of possibilities for me. The more I learned from every little fall, the     10     (good) my body and mind felt. I believe that if you want to succeed as much as you want to breathe, you will be a great success. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 D Last month we     1     (ask) our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and     2     (watch) TV. Here are the results. We found that only fifteen percent     3     our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all. We all know that many students often go online, but we were     4     (surprise) that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. Most students use it for     5     (funny) and not for homework. The answers     6     our questions about watching TV were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV     7     (fourth) to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the     8     (popular). It’s good to relax by     9     (use) the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It’s healthy for the mind and the body. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. And remember, “Old habits     10     (death) hard.” So start exercising before it’s too late. E Have you ever imagined that fridge magnets (冰箱贴) could hold 10, 000 years of history? Mei Qian (not her real name), 29, became famous online after posting “I 1 (final) collected all dynasties in the ‘10,000 Years of Huaxia’ fridge magnet series.” Each magnet on her board shows a relic (文物) from 2 different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). “At first, I just bought magnets as souvenirs,” Mei said. “After a jade exhibition, I looked at my collection and thought—what if I collected magnets for every dynasty?” Mei started 3 (place) them in historical order and wrote names and dates for each one. She made sure everything was correct and considered how to make them look both 4 (education) and beautiful. “Each magnet became a tiny door into the past,” she said. Mei didn’t stop at collecting—she also started making her own. One of her 5 (favorite) is a tiny version (版本) of a lacquer screen (漆器屏风) from the tomb (墓) of Sima Jinlong, a nobleman (贵族) from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386—534). The magnet is 9. 8 centimeters tall and looks 6 a little piece of art. “I painted it by hand on wood,” Mei said. “I looked at real museum lights and official photos to get the right color.” Mei even asked people online, “Do you like the glossy (亮光的) or matte (哑光的) version 7 (good)?” She said it felt like being a real designer. “Fridge magnets are small, fun and easy to understand. You can see a piece of history every time you get a snack,” Mei joked. “You don’t need 8 (read) a long book—just one image can make you curious.” To middle schoolers, Mei 9 (share) her advice: “Start with what you love—dragons, pottery (陶器), paintings. It might look random (随机的) at first, 10 piece by piece, your collection becomes a story.” 3、 完形填空。 A 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Teng Fei is a 14-year-old middle school student. He has a special hobby—street photography. It has become an important part of his life and brings him lots of     1    . Two years ago, Teng Fei felt bored after finishing schoolwork every day. One day, he saw an uncle taking photos on the street. The beautiful pictures     2     him a lot. Then he decided to     3     into photography as his new hobby. At first, he only used his old phone to     4     photos. He knew nothing about skills, so his works were     5     and not good enough. However, Teng Fei never     6    . He read many kinds of books online to learn     7     knowledge about photography. He also watched short videos to learn how to catch beautiful     8     quickly. On weekends, he walks around the city slowly to take different photos. He likes recording     9     people’s daily lives, warm smiles and quiet city views. Slowly, his photos     10     better and better. His teachers and friends all admired (欣赏) his works. Last month, he even     11     a small photo competition in his school. To     12     his dream, he has saved his pocket money to buy a better camera     13    . Teng Fei says photography is not just a hobby. It helps him     14     the world more carefully. When he takes photos, he feels happy and     15    . He will keep his hobby forever. 1. A．trouble B．joy C．stress D．effort 2. A．interested B．warned C．hurt D．controlled 3. A．risk B．give C．get D．wake 4. A．draw B．paint C．press D．take 5. A．clear B．simple C．lively D．modern 6. A．gave up B．turned up C．stood up D．dressed up 7. A．hidden B．basic C．false D．familiar 8. A．moments B．power C．programs D．condition 9. A．active B．elderly C．common D．successful 10. A．entered B．became C．behaved D．attacked 11. A．won B．lost C．missed D．held 12. A．break B．share C．follow D．forget 13. A．sadly B．surprisingly C．suddenly D．recently 14. A．suffer B．notice C．change D．invent 15. A．relaxed B．lonely C．scared D．weak B Every evening after finishing homework, Mia would run to her bedroom and     1     her digital (数码的) world. She played games, watched videos, and chatted with her friends online. She almost had no     2     for outdoor activities. One day, Mrs Thompson set the class a     3    . “It’s important to use screens     4    . I want each of you to create a ‘Screen Time Balance Chart (图表)’. You’ll     5     your favourite screen activities and non-screen activities on it,” she said. Feeling     6    , Mia could hardly wait to get started! On the chart, she wrote down all her favourite screen activities. Then she thought about non-screen activities. She could only     7     a few, like riding a bike and skiing. After that, Mia thought about     8    . Then she realized her problem. The next day, Mia brought her chart to school. Many students had the same     9     as her. Then Mia     10     spending more time outside together. Everyone agreed, and they planned a(n)     11     for the weekend. It was a fantastic journey. Mia felt a sense of     12     that no screen could give her. Her classmates felt glad too. As weeks passed, they     13     to meet every weekend. They discovered new games and started a book club. Now Mia     14     enjoys her tablet (平板电脑), but she learns to     15     her time well between the online world and real life. 1. A．dream of B．get into C．get over D．give up 2. A．money B．space C．interest D．time 3. A．record B．rule C．task D．deal 4. A．secretly B．wisely C．simply D．freely 5. A．list B．avoid C．test D．change 6. A．scared B．sad C．excited D．proud 7. A．hear of B．work on C．think of D．look for 8. A．safety B．balance C．harm D．health 9. A．problem B．hobby C．stress D．goal 10. A．enjoyed B．suggested C．stopped D．practised 11. A．check B．stage C．budget D．outing 12. A．achievement B．luck C．happiness D．surprise 13. A．feared B．failed C．continued D．decided 14. A．still B．never C．only D．seldom 15. A．manage B．pass C．prepare D．save 4、 阅读理解。 A Hello, I’m Andy. There are all kinds of apps. Some of them are useful and important. Let’s see what apps my family members like. I like this app, Kindle. The app has lots of books. With Kindle, I can read so many books from storybooks to science books. It’s a good app. My grandpa and my parents all like it. It helps them keep healthy. They say if you also love running, you must have this app on your phone. Pocket can help you save news stories and videos on the Internet. Then you can read them or watch them in your free time. My sister Marie likes it a lot, but I don’t. I have my Kindle. If you want to learn how to cook nice food, Joy of Cooking can help you a lot. There are so many good videos for you to watch. My grandma likes it. She learns how to cook nice food from it. I feel happy that she has Joy of Cooking. I like the food she cooks! 1. Who loves reading in the family? A．Andy. B．Andy's mother. C．Andy's father. D．Andy's grandpa. 2. Which app can help people keep healthy? A．Kindle. B．RunKeeper. C．Pocket. D．Joy of Cooking. 3. Why does Andy’s grandma choose Joy of Cooking? A．It has many free books. B．She can save news stories. C．She can find running partners. D．It offers useful cooking videos. 4. From the passage, we can infer that Andy’s family ________. A．always use apps together B．only use these four apps in the passage C．all like apps that can help to learn new things D．pick different apps because of different hobbies 5. Where does the passage probably come from? A．A story book. B．A travel guide. C．A life magazine. D．A sports report. B  Recently, Xie Zhaoyutong, a middle school student, has gained lots of attention online. The boy turned his bedroom into a “private museum”. People praise him for his knowledge of history and smart way of speaking, saying he is like a professor. Named the “Yu Tang Museum”, his bedroom, just over ten square metres, is filled with old books, copper coins, and porcelain (瓷器). He spent almost all of his lucky money and pocket money buying these items. He said that at first, he loved the items for their appearances, but as he learned more about history, he realized that each item carries a special culture. The only free space in the room is his bed. “This bed is for my body, while everything else is for my spirit,” he said. For him, arranging (布置) his room this way has another advantage: it reminds him to use his phone less. Xie Zhaoyutong’s interest in reading began around the age of three or four, and a visit to a museum with his mother at six made him fall in love with cultural relics (文物) and history. The boy believes learning history well helps with school subjects like Chinese and makes his life more interesting. He doesn’t care about material comforts—he even wears old socks with holes! But he loves filling his mind with knowledge. “Having fewer things means more space for thinking,” he says. “Life without learning is boring.” To Xie, reading an ancient book lets him understand what people thought thousands of years ago; touching a Han Dynasty brick allows him to imagine the lives of people who lived then. This kind of joy, he believes, is much better than fleeting online fun. 1. What do we know about Xie Zhaoyutong from Paragraph 1? A．He is a college student. B．He works as a professor. C．He built a public museum. D．He has become popular online. 2. Xie Zhaoyutong spent most of his lucky money and pocket money on ________ A．old objects B．a bigger bedroom C．school subjects D．new clothes and shoes 3. The underlined word “advantage” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．change B．benefit C．problem D．challenge 4. Which of the following is TRUE about Xie Zhaoyutong’s lifestyle? ① He never uses his phone in his free time. ② He prefers to fill his mind with knowledge. ③ He spends most of his time on online games. ④ He doesn’t care a lot about expensive clothes. A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④ 5. What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Teenager’s Love for History B．How to Collect Cultural Relics C．A Private Museum in a Bedroom D．The Importance of Learning History C  ①Many young people take up dancing as a hobby in their free time. In fact, people now see dancing as one of the best ways to feel better when they are sad or worried. When you dance, you move your body to music. This helps your body produce endorphins (产生内啡肽). Endorphins can help you feel relaxed and happy. ②First, dancing helps you feel much better than doing other things. You can feel good by just listening to music or doing sports. But when you mix music and movement together, it works even better! Scientists do a test with some people. They find that those who dance to music feel the happiest. They feel much better than those who only listen to music or ride a bike. ③Dancing can also help you make friends. Dance styles like Latin dance need you to move with a partner. It can make you feel more connected to others, according to scientists. ④Also, dancing helps you forget your worries. Sometimes, feeling sad comes from thinking too much about the past or the future. When you dance, you listen to the music and feel your body right now. It lets your mind take a break. ⑤In a word, if you like music, dancing can be a great way to relax. You don’t have to be a great dancer. You can just move around in your room to your favourite song, or go dancing with friends. The most important thing is to have fun! 1. How does dancing help people feel relaxed and happy? A．It allows people to move freely. B．It makes people focus on music. C．It gives people a chance to exercise. D．It helps the body produce endorphins. 2. According to the scientists’ test, what makes people feel the happiest? A．Riding a bike. B．Dancing to music. C．Listening to music. D．Making more friends. 3. What does the writer think is the most important thing of dancing? A．Having fun. B．Being a good dancer. C．Doing it with friends. D．Listening to favourite songs. 4. What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。 Some people see a hobby as a waste of time. They think a hobby is only something to pass the time. In fact, a hobby is much more than that. Its advantages (优点) are as follows. ★People can have time for themselves. If one has a hobby, he or she can enjoy quiet time. People usually think more clearly when they enjoy their favourite hobbies. People often get some good ideas at that time. ★People can discover their talent (天赋). People often find new talent in themselves when they enjoy their hobbies. Some people find their talent for playing the piano only when they sit down and play. The only way to find this talent is to try. The first thing you should do is to find something that you are interested in. ★People can feel relaxed. Most hobbies are good ways to relax. Coming home from work and sitting down to enjoy things you like help you relax. Hobbies also help you get a better sleep. The Advantages of Hobbies Helping people have their     1     time When you     2     your hobbies, you may think more clearly and get some good ideas. Making people discover new talent Try to find what you are     3    . This may help you find your new talent. Helping people feel relaxed When you come home from work, hobbies can help you relax and     4    . What’s your favourite hobby? What do you think of it?     5     学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $