Starter语法(一般过去时)讲解与练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦一般过去时核心考点，构建“定义-标志词-动词变化-句式结构-易错点”完整方法体系，配套多题型分层训练，强化语言应用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法精讲|完整语法体系（5大模块）|时间标志词秒杀法、动词变化规则分类记忆、句式结构二分法（be动词/实义动词）、易错点警示（did后动词原形等）|从核心定义出发，通过时间标志词建立情境关联，动词变化规则为句式构建基础，易错点针对高频错误形成闭环| |配套练习|4大题（20填空+15单选+10改写+10汉译英）|分题型突破（词形转换/句式转换/语境应用）|从基础词形到句式转换再到语用输出，层层递进，实现知识向语言能力转化|

Starter语法(一般过去时)讲解与练习 一、一般过去时 完整语法精讲 (一)核心定义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生并已结束的动作,或过去持续存在的状态。动作仅属于过去,与现在无任何关联,是七年级入门必考核心时态。 (二)高频时间标志词(做题秒杀依据) *有过去含义的单词和短语:yesterday,yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天早/午/晚),at that time(在那时), the day before yesterday(前天),just now(刚才) *last+时间(last week/last month/last year 上周/上月/去年) *时间段+ago(three days ago 三天前) *in+过去年份(in 2022) (三)动词过去式变化规则(重中之重) 1. 规则动词变化(4大必考规则) ① 一般动词直接加 -ed:work worked、play played、clean cleaned ② 以不发音字母 e 结尾,直接加 -d:live lived、like liked、hope hoped ③ 辅音字母 + y 结尾,变y为i再加-ed:study studied、cry cried、hurry hurried ④ 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅)结尾,双写末尾辅音字母再加-ed:stop stopped、plan planned、drop dropped 2. 不规则动词变化(无规律、必考,详细见课本附表) am/is was;are were;go went;do/does did;see saw;say said eat ate;get got;buy bought;meet met;leave left;write wrote run ran;take took;have/has had;make made (四)四大核心句式(分be动词/实义动词) 1. 含be动词(was/were)的句式(表过去状态) 肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他 例:I was busy yesterday. 我昨天很忙。 例:They were in the park last Sunday. 他们上周日在公园。 否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他 例:She wasn’t at home just now. 她刚才不在家。 一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? 例:Were you late for school yesterday? 你昨天上学迟到了吗? 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? 例:Where were they ten minutes ago? 十分钟前他们在哪里? 2. 含实义动词的句式(表过去动作,高频易错) 肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例:He visited his grandparents last month. 他上个月看望了祖父母。 否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他(核心考点:did后动词必须还原) 例:We didn’t watch TV last night. 我们昨晚没看电视。 一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 例:Did you finish your homework yesterday? 你昨天写完作业了吗? 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 例:What did she do last weekend? 她上周末做了什么? (五)拔高易错重难点(中难题必考陷阱) 1. 万能易错点:否定句、疑问句中,did/didn’t后动词必须用原形,绝对不能用过去式 2. was 搭配单数主语(he/she/it/单数名词/I);were 搭配复数主语we/you/they (备注:you单数你;复数那么都用were) 3. 句中无明显时间词,但语境暗示过去动作,必须用一般过去时 4. 并列过去动作,前后动词统一用过去式(He stood up and left.) 【配套练习】 大题一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. He _ (buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday. 2. There _ (be) some beautiful flowers in the garden last year. 3. My sister _ (not study) English last night. 4. _ (be) you in the library just now? 5. The little boy _ (stop) crying when he saw his mother. 6. I _ (meet) an old friend on my way home yesterday. 7. She _ (write) a short story for her teacher three days ago. 8. They _ (plan) a school trip last month. 9. Tom _ (not be) happy with his exam result yesterday. 10. What _ your brother _ (do) at seven yesterday evening? 11. The students _ (play) basketball after school yesterday afternoon. 12. My father _ (leave) his office very late last Monday. 13. _ it _ (rain) heavily last Sunday? 14. We _ (eat) delicious seafood in Qingdao last summer. 15. Lily _ (cry) because she lost her new pen yesterday. 16. The cat _ (run) away quickly five minutes ago. 17. Mr. Wang _ (live) in this small village in 2021. 18. They _ (not watch) the sports show last weekend. 19. When _ you _ (get) to school this morning? 20. She _ (make) a birthday cake for her mum yesterday. 大题二、单项选择 1. My parents _ to the countryside and took many photos last weekend. A. go B. went C. will go D. goes 2. —_ you at school yesterday afternoon? —No, I _ at home. A. Are; am B. Were; was C. Did; did D. Was; were 3. He didn’t _ his homework on time because he was ill. A. finish B. finished C. finishes D. finishing 4. There _ a river and many trees in this place ten years ago. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. —When _ you _ the new book? —I bought it last Friday. A. do; buy B. did; buy C. did; bought D. do; bought 6. She _ very hard and got good grades last term. A. studies B. study C. studied D. will study 7. —Did your sister see the film yesterday? —Yes, she _ it with her friend. A. see B. saw C. sees D. seen 8. They _ play football yesterday, because it rained heavily. A. don’t B. didn’t C. weren’t D. aren’t 9. Tom _ late for class again yesterday morning. A. is B. was C. are D. were 10. Where _ you go and what _ you do last holiday? A. did; did B. do; do C. did; do D. do; did 11. The little girl _ very happy when she got her gift. A. feel B. felt C. feels D. feeling 12. Three days ago, we _ our old primary school teacher. A. meet B. met C. meets D. meeting 13. _ there any new books on the desk just now? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were 14. My uncle _ to work by bike when he was young. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 15. He _ nothing and just sat quietly yesterday. A. do B. does C. did D. doing 大题三、句子改写( 1. I walked to the bookstore yesterday.(改为否定句) I _ _ to the bookstore yesterday. 2. They were on the playground ten minutes ago.(改为一般疑问句并否定回答) —_ they on the playground ten minutes ago? —No, _ _. 3. She bought a new pencil box last week.(改为一般疑问句) _ she _ a new pencil box last week? 4. My father worked in a factory in 2020.(对划线地点提问) _ _ your father _ in 2020? 5. He was at the cinema last night.(改为复数句) _ _ at the cinema last night. 6. We played games after school yesterday.(对划线动作提问) _ _ you _ after school yesterday? 7. He did his homework carefully last night.(改为否定句) He _ _ his homework carefully last night. 8. The students cleaned the classroom yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句) _ the students _ the classroom yesterday afternoon? 9. I was ten years old last year.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ ten years old last year? 10. They visited their aunt last Sunday.(对划线时间提问) _ _ they _ their aunt? 大题四、汉译英 1. 昨天我和同学一起在操场锻炼。 _ 2. 十年前这条街上没有大型超市。 _ 3. 昨晚我的家人没有看任何电视节目。 _ 4. 你前天参观我们的新学校了吗? _ 5. 他小时候非常喜欢阅读英文故事。 _ 6. 刚才你在哪里?我找了你很久。 _ 7. 昨天早上他们七点准时到达学校。 _ 8. 去年我的英语老师十分耐心又友善。 _ 9. 昨天下午那些孩子没有在公园放风筝。 _ 10. 她上周给自己买了一本有趣的英语绘本。 _ 三、keys 大题一、词形填空答案+解析 1. bought(buy不规则过去式) 2. were(last year表过去,flowers复数用were) 3. didn’t study(last night过去时间,否定用didn’t+动词原形) 4. Were(just now过去时间,you搭配were) 5. stopped(saw为过去式,并列动作统一过去式,重读闭音节双写) 6. met(meet不规则过去式) 7. wrote(write不规则过去式) 8. planned(重读闭音节,双写尾字母加ed) 9. wasn’t(yesterday过去时间,单数主语用was否定) 10. did; do(过去特殊疑问句,did提前,动词用原形) 11. played(规则动词直接加ed) 12. left(leave不规则过去式) 13. Did; rain(过去一般疑问句,did+动词原形) 14. ate(eat不规则过去式) 15. cried(辅音+y结尾,变y为i加ed) 16. ran(run不规则过去式) 17. lived(不发音e结尾,直接加d) 18. didn’t watch(过去否定句式,动词还原) 19. did; get(过去特殊疑问句固定结构) 20. made(make不规则过去式) 大题二、单项选择答案 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.C 大题三、句子改写答案 1. didn’t walk 2. Were; they weren’t 3. Did; buy 4. Where did; work 5. They were 6. What did; do 7. didn’t do 8. Did; clean 9. Were you 10. When did; visit 大题四、汉译英参考答案 1. I exercised on the playground with my classmates yesterday. 2. There was no big supermarket on this street ten years ago. 3. My family didn’t watch any TV programs last night. 4. Did you visit our new school the day before yesterday? 5. He liked reading English stories very much when he was young. 6. Where were you just now? I looked for you for a long time. 7. They got to school on time at seven yesterday morning. 8. My English teacher was very patient and friendly last year. 9. Those children didn’t fly kites in the park yesterday afternoon. 10. She bought an interesting English picture book for herself last week. 2 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $