句子成分导学案（高考作文专用语料） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了句子成分核心考点，涵盖主语、谓语等八大成分，按基础成分与修饰成分分层架构，通过高考作文高频主题（如志愿者、传统文化）的句子练习，以问题导向引导学生自主划分成分，构建语法知识网络，夯实语言能力基础。 亮点在于诊断性自测与高考语料结合，每个成分配备典型例句练习（如20道主语题覆盖名词、从句等类型），参考答案精准解析，助力学生自主诊断薄弱点。通过成分分析培养思维品质，提升学习能力，教师可依据练习反馈实施个性化指导，有效支持因材施教。

句子成分导学案（高考作文专用语料） 句子成分 构成英语句子主要有八大成分：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语。 主语+谓语是句子核心主干；表语、宾语、宾补依附谓语存在。 基础5大成分：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语 2大修饰成分：定语（修饰名词、代词）、状语（修饰形容词，动词，整个句子等） 1. 主语（Subject） 定义：句子描述的人/事物，由名词、代词、非谓语、名词性从句等充当。 练习：划出每句主语，横线填写 1）Our school volunteer team takes part in community services every weekend. 主语：________________________ 2）She writes articles about traditional culture for the school newspaper. 主语：________________________ 3）To spread Chinese folk art is our main volunteer task. 主语：________________________ 4）The students fond of low-carbon life launched a recycling activity. 主语：________________________ 5）His dream of being a cultural volunteer has finally come true. 主语：________________________ 6）What we learn from voluntary work shapes our values greatly. 主语：________________________ 7）It’s our duty to carry forward excellent traditional culture. 主语：________________________ 8）It is obvious that teenagers should live an eco-friendly life. 主语：________________________ 9）During the cultural exhibition, paper-cut works attracted lots of visitors. 主语：________________________ 10）We often share environmental ideas in after-class seminars. 主语：________________________ 11）Half of the classmates join the school eco-club regularly. 主语：________________________ 12）To participate in voluntary teaching brings us great joy. 主语：________________________ 13）Wasting disposable plastic harms the living environment seriously. 主语：________________________ 14）The young should inherit our nation’s fine traditional virtues. 主语：________________________ 15）Whether we will hold the handcraft show hasn’t been announced yet. 主语：________________________ 16）It is necessary for every student to master basic eco-knowledge. 主语：________________________ 17）It’s no good only talking about environmental protection without action. 主语：________________________ 18）It is important that we pass down folk handicrafts to teenagers. 主语：________________________ 19）Whether the foreign teachers will attend the culture fair is unknown. 主语：________________________ 20）That we protect cultural heritage matters to every youth. 主语：________________________ 2. 谓语 (Verb) 定义：说明主语动作/状态，分实义动词、系动词；主谓人称、数必须一致。 练习：横线写出每句谓语动词 1) I am writing to invite foreign students to our paper-cut show. 谓语：________________________ 2) He told us many stories about ancient folk artists. 谓语：________________________ 3) She collected waste bottles and turned them into artworks. 谓语：________________________ 4) We have discussed ways to reduce campus rubbish. 谓语：________________________ 5) Teenagers shouldn’t spread false environmental information online. 谓语：________________________ 6) The club leaders will reply to your volunteer application soon. 谓语：________________________ 7) I will try to introduce tea culture to exchange students. 谓语：________________________ 8) Our monitor describes volunteer work as meaningful and rewarding. 谓语：________________________ 3、表语(Predicative) 定义：跟系动词后，描述主语身份、特征；名词/形容词/非谓语/从句均可充当。 练习：横线写出每句表语 1) Our volunteer instructor is a master of paper-cutting. 表语：________________________ 2) We should stay active in environmental activities. 表语：________________________ 3) The weather becomes warm for outdoor voluntary work. 表语：________________________ 4) The eco-sharing activity seems attractive to all students. 表语：________________________ 5) Our goal is to carry forward traditional handcrafts. 表语：________________________ 6) The homemade paper lantern tastes sweet and special. 表语：________________________ 7) The recycling machine must be out of service. 表语：________________________ 8) Her passion for culture remains strong all the time. 表语：________________________ 9) The truth is that most students support green lifestyles. 表语：________________________ 10) My question is how we can attract more volunteers. 表语：________________________ 11) Our eco-group leader is an expert on waste sorting. 表语：________________________ 12) He is responsible for organizing community activities. 表语：________________________ 13) To protect heritage is worthy of our long-term efforts. 表语：________________________ 14) What we gain from volunteering is valuable experience. 表语：________________________ 15) It is helpful to take part in tree-planting activities. 表语：________________________ 16) It is clear that green habits benefit our daily life. 表语：________________________ 4、宾语（Object） 定义：实义动词动作承受对象；双宾语动词：give / show / offer / buy / pass / lend / bring等 练习：横线写出每句宾语 1) We held a handcraft exhibition in the school hall last Friday. 宾语：________________________ 2) The heavy rain stopped us from planting young trees outside. 宾语：________________________ 3) I have three picture albums of traditional Chinese art. 宾语：________________________ 4) We help the elderly carry recycled waste every afternoon. 宾语：________________________ 5) She pretended not to notice the discarded plastic bags. 宾语：________________________ 6) We find it vital to promote green living habits. 宾语：________________________ 7) I enjoy communicating with foreign friends about our culture. 宾语：________________________ 8) I believe that small eco-actions make a big difference. 宾语：________________________ 9) I wondered why few students joined the tree-planting activity. 宾语：________________________ 10) I doubted whether the culture show would be held as planned. 宾语：________________________ 11) We realize that folk art needs more young inheritors. 宾语：________________________ 12) We consider it easy to sort rubbish in daily life. 宾语：________________________ 13) My deskmate often assists me with handcraft making. 宾语：________________________ 14) We learn eco-protection knowledge in weekly lectures. 宾语：________________________ 15) I hope to become a cultural volunteer in the future. 宾语：________________________ 16) We love sharing our handcraft works with foreigners. 宾语：________________________ 17) Most students realize traditional arts are worth protecting. 宾语：________________________ 18) I find it tough to introduce complex folk skills simply. 宾语：________________________ 19) Our teacher bought us sets of paper-cut tools. 宾语：________________________ 20) The volunteer group made us a cultural brochure. 宾语：________________________ 拓展 判断名词性从句类型（主语从句/宾语从句/表语从句） 1）What we learned from volunteering inspires us greatly. ________________________ 2) The foreign friend asked what handcrafts we liked best. ________________________ 3) Our biggest wish is that more youth love folk art. ________________________ 4) Why plastic waste pollutes rivers puzzles many students. ________________________ 5) I don’t understand how we can cut down waste production. ________________________ 6) That green lifestyles benefit us is well-known. ________________________ 7) It’s widely accepted that we should protect heritage. ________________________ 8) I wonder if we can invite folk artists to our class. ________________________ 9) What excited us most was that we won the eco-competition. ________________________ 10) We think it necessary that every student learns waste sorting. ________________________ 11) The good news is our culture show will be held next week. ________________________ 5、宾语补足语(Object complement) 补充说明宾语状态/动作； 可接宾补动词分类： 1. to do：ask, invite, want, remind, encourage 2. 省to：make, let, see, watch, notice, hear 3. doing/done：see, hear, keep, leave, have 4. 名词/形容词：call, find, consider, make 练习：横线写出每句宾补 1) We named our eco-group Green Youth. 宾补：________________________ 2) We painted the recycling boxes bright green. 宾补：________________________ 3) Let more students join our cultural volunteer team. 宾补：________________________ 4) Teachers encourage us to spread local culture. 宾补：________________________ 5) We saw many students collecting fallen leaves. 宾补：________________________ 6) We found all handcraft tools in good order. 宾补：________________________ 7) We will make our campus much greener. 宾补：________________________ 8) I consider volunteer work very meaningful. 宾补：________________________ 9) We elected her leader of the culture club. 宾补：________________________ 10) Too much plastic waste makes us worried. 宾补：________________________ 11) When waking up, he found himself surrounded by trees. 宾补：________________________ 12) I heard them talking about paper-cut art. 宾补：________________________ 13) I had my old cloth bags reused for shopping. 宾补：________________________ 14) The teacher told us to inherit traditional virtues. 宾补：________________________ 6、定语(Attributive) 修饰名词/代词，形容词、名词、非谓语、定语从句均可充当 练习：横线写出每句定语 1) Green lifestyles bring us a beautiful living environment. 定语：________________________ 2) China’s folk art is attracting global visitors. 定语：________________________ 3) There are twenty volunteer workers in our eco-team. 定语：________________________ 4) His rapid progress in paper-cutting surprised teachers. 定语：________________________ 5) I’m always the first student to arrive at the activity hall. 定语：________________________ 6) The plan for tree planting has been fully prepared. 定语：________________________ 7) She wrote an essay about protecting ancient villages. 定语：________________________ 8) I love the paper-cut works that our classmates made. 定语：________________________ 9) The volunteer you met just now is a folk artist. 定语：________________________ 10) The activity held last Sunday won high praise. 定语：________________________ 11) The book introducing tea culture lies on the desk. 定语：________________________ 12) This is the community where we do voluntary work. 定语：________________________ 13) I can’t agree with his opinion on plastic control. 定语：________________________ 14) Do you know the students carrying waste bags? 定语：________________________ 15) The eco-friendly bag is my daily carry. 定语：________________________ 16) The books about handcrafts are placed on the shelf. 定语：________________________ 17) The girl standing up is our group leader. 定语：________________________ 18) The boy planting saplings is my deskmate. 定语：________________________ 19) The student praised by teachers loves recycling. 定语：________________________ 20) Would you like something about Chinese painting? 定语：________________________ 21) Will you take part in the competition to be held this Friday? 定语：________________________ 22) What about the handcraft gift your friend sent you? 定语：________________________ 23) This is the recycling bin whose cover is broken. 定语：________________________ 24) The volunteer who wears green uniform organizes activities. 定语：________________________ 25) She is always the first to finish waste sorting. 定语：________________________ 7、状语(Adverbial) 修饰动词、形容词，表时间/地点/原因/目的/条件/让步/方式 练习：横线写出每句状语 1) Let’s gather at the school gate at 8 a.m. 状语：________________________ 2) We put off the tree-planting activity because of heavy rain. 状语：________________________ 3) We will carry out the plan if the weather is fine. 状语：________________________ 4) The folk artist lives in a quiet ancient town. 状语：________________________ 5) She packed paper-cut gifts with great care. 状语：________________________ 6) He walked into the classroom with a folk painting in hand. 状语：________________________ 7) To protect wild plants, we avoid picking flowers. 状语：________________________ 8) The activity is so attractive that all students join in. 状语：________________________ 9) She sticks to volunteering though she is busy with study. 状语：________________________ 10) I’m more active in eco-activities than my classmates. 状语：________________________ 11) We take part in voluntary work actively. 状语：________________________ 12) The traditional craft is really amazing. 状语：________________________ 13) We held a culture lecture last Wednesday afternoon. 状语：________________________ 14) He visits the old craft museum every month. 状语：________________________ 15) She introduces tea culture fluently to foreigners. 状语：________________________ 16) We plant saplings where the soil is fertile. 状语：________________________ 17) When I was a freshman, I joined the eco-club. 状语：________________________ 18) We will hold a handcraft fair if we get enough support. 状语：________________________ 19) I met a folk master in the old street last summer. 状语：________________________ 20) Although tired, she still took part in recycling work. 状语：________________________ 8.同位语（Appositive） 对前面名词补充解释说明 练习：横线写出同位语 1）I will invite Lily, my cultural volunteer partner. 同位语：________________________ 2）Mr. Li, our paper-cut teacher, teaches us patiently. 同位语：________________________ 3）China, a country with splendid folk culture, attracts foreigners. 同位语：________________________ 4）The news that we won the eco-prize excited everyone. 同位语：________________________ 5）Yuan Longping, a great agricultural scientist, loved green farming. 同位语：________________________ 6）One volunteer, Tom, is good at introducing Chinese art. 同位语：________________________ 7）He raised a question whether we could hold the show. 同位语：________________________ 8）I believe the fact that youth protect our heritage. 同位语：________________________ 句子成分参考答案 一．主语 1 Our school volunteer team 2 She 3 To spread Chinese folk art 4 The students fond of low-carbon life 5 His dream of being a cultural volunteer 6 What we learn from voluntary work 7 to carry forward excellent traditional culture（形式主语It） 8 that teenagers should live an eco-friendly life（形式主语It） 9 paper-cut works 10 We 11 Half of the classmates 12 To participate in voluntary teaching 13 Wasting disposable plastic 14 The young 15 Whether we will hold the handcraft show 16 to master basic eco-knowledge（形式主语It） 17 only talking about environmental protection without action（形式主语It） 18 that we pass down folk handicrafts to teenagers（形式主语It） 19 Whether the foreign teachers will attend the culture fair 20 That we protect cultural heritage 二.谓语 1 am writing 2 told 3 collected, turned 4 have discussed 5 shouldn’t spread 6 will reply 7 will try 8 describes 三.表语 1 a master of paper-cutting 2 active 3 warm 4 attractive 5 to carry forward traditional handcrafts 6 sweet and special 7 out of service 8 strong 9 that most students support green lifestyles 10 how we can attract more volunteers 11 an expert on waste sorting 12 responsible 13 worthy of our long-term efforts 14 valuable experience 15 helpful 16 clear 四.宾语 1 a handcraft exhibition 2 us 3 three picture albums of traditional Chinese art 4 the elderly 5 to notice the discarded plastic bags 6 it; to promote green living habits 7 communicating with foreign friends about our culture 8 that small eco-actions make a big difference 9 why few students joined the tree-planting activity 10 whether the culture show would be held as planned 11 that folk art needs more young inheritors 12 it; to sort rubbish in daily life 13 me 14 eco-protection knowledge 15 to become a cultural volunteer 16 sharing our handcraft works with foreigners 17 traditional arts are worth protecting 18 it; to introduce complex folk skills simply 19 us, sets of paper-cut tools 20 us, a cultural brochure 从句类型 1 主语从句 2 宾语从句 3 表语从句 4 主语从句 5 宾语从句 6 主语从句 7 主语从句 8 宾语从句 9 主语从句 10 宾语从句 11 表语从句 五.宾补 1 Green Youth 2 bright green 3 join our cultural volunteer team 4 to spread local culture 5 collecting fallen leaves 6 in good order 7 much greener 8 very meaningful 9 leader of the culture club 10 worried 11 surrounded by trees 12 talking about paper-cut art 13 reused 14 to inherit traditional virtues 六.定语 1 Green 2 China’s 3 twenty 4 His rapid, in paper-cutting 5 to arrive at the activity hall 6 for tree planting 7 about protecting ancient villages 8 that our classmates made 9 you met just now 10 held last Sunday 11 introducing tea culture 12 where we do voluntary work 13 on plastic control 14 carrying waste bags 15 eco-friendly 16 about handcrafts 17 standing up 18 planting saplings 19 praised by teachers 20 about Chinese painting 21 to be held this Friday 22 your friend sent you 23 whose cover is broken 24 who wears green uniform 25 to finish waste sorting 七.状语 1 at 8 a.m.（时间）at the school gate（地点） 2 because of heavy rain（原因） 3 if the weather is fine（条件） 4 in a quiet ancient town（地点） 5 with great care（方式） 6 with a folk painting in hand（伴随） 7 To protect wild plants（目的） 8 so attractive（程度） 9 though she is busy with study（让步） 10 than my classmates（比较） 11 actively（方式） 12 really（程度） 13 last Wednesday afternoon（时间） 14 every month（频率） 15 fluently（方式） 16 where the soil is fertile（地点） 17 When I was a freshman（时间） 18 if we get enough support（条件） 19 last summer（时间）in the old street (地点) 20 Although tired（让步） 八.同位语 1 my cultural volunteer partner 2 our paper-cut teacher 3 a country with splendid folk culture 4 that we won the eco-prize 5 a great agricultural scientist 6 Tom 7 whether we could hold the show 8 that youth protect our heritage 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $