精品解析：湖南长沙市弘文高级中学有限公司2026届高三全真模拟适应性考试英语试题

绝密★启用前 2026届高三全真模拟适应性考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel plan. B. An exam result. C. A sports game. 2.Which aspect of the film does the woman like？ A. The plot. B. The music. C. The dialogue. 3.What is the relationship between the speakers？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 4.What will the man do for the woman? A. Renew two books. B. Borrow two books. C. Return two books. 5.What do the womanˈs colleagues think of her? A. Dependable. B. Bossy. C. Soft-hearted. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.Why does the woman call the man? A. To change the time to meet. B. To invite him to attend a lecture. C. To tell him about an email. 7.When does the conversation take place? A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.Which photo was taken by the man? A. The photo of a valley. B. The photo of a lake. C. The photo of the rain. 9.What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman likes taking photos. B. The man posted some photos online. C. There is a photo of trees reflected in the mirror. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 10.Which might be the feeling of those standing while working? A. Being more sleepy. B. Being concentrated. C. Time going by faster. 11.What is the outcome of the study mentioned in the passage? A. Standing while working improves working efficiency. B. Sitting for over 6 hours a day is harmful to health. C. Sitting comfortably does some good to health. 12.What do some professors suggest? A. Doing as leaders and colleagues do. B. Moving around instead of just standing. C. Finding a natural way to stand while working. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13.What kind of music does the speaker dislike? A. Rock. B. R & B. C. Classical. 14.What did the speaker do when it started to rain? A. He went home with his friends. B. He kept on watching the performance. C. He borrowed some raincoats from the organisers. 15.What does the speaker think of the performance of the supporting bands? A. Great. B. Unsatisfactory. C. Special. 16.Where did the speaker live during the festival? A. In the concert hall. B. In a hotel. C. In a tent. 听材料，回答问题。 17.How did the speaker feel in the morning? A. Happy but anxious. B. Awkward but happy. C. Annoyed and frightened. 18.What did the speaker do first at school? A. She went to the classroom. B. She toured the school. C. She met the teachers. 19.How long did the speaker stay at the school? A. Seven hours. B. Eight hours. C. Nine hours. 20.What did the speaker think of senior high school at last? A. Frightening. B. Special. C. Fantastic. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants •You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. •You have completed your high school studies. •You have at least one year of work experience. •You have strong public speaking skills. •You are self-motivated and committed. •You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. •You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). •You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 1. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________. A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programme C. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project 2. If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________. A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channel C. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers 3. Which is a requirement for the applicants? A. Spreading the message of sport for good. B. Having at least one-year work experience. C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert. B A new kind of fuel made from the power of the sun, which could revolutionize motoring, has been invented by scientists. The solar-powered technology changes carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuel that can be directly dropped into a vehicle’s engine. The researchers from the University of Cambridge controlled and used the power of photosynthesis (光合作用) to transform CO2, water and sunlight into multi-carbon fuels — ethanol and propanol (乙醇和丙醇) — in a single step. These fuels have a high energy density and can be easily stored or transported, according to scientists whose work was published in Nature Energy. “Shining sunlight on the artificial leaves and getting liquid fuel from carbon dioxide and water is an amazing bit of chemistry,” said Dr Rahaman, the new study’s first author. “Normally, when you try to change CO2 into another chemical product, you almost always get CO or syngas, but here, we’ve been able to produce a practical liquid fuel just using the power of the sun.” They managed this by developing a specific catalyst (催化剂), optimized to allow the artificial leaves to produce more complex chemicals. Unlike fossil fuel, these solar fuels produce net zero carbon emissions, and unlike most bioethanol, they do not take any agricultural land away from food production. “While the technology is only in the laboratory phase, the ‘artificial leaves’ are an important step in the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy,” the researchers said. Bioethanol is often regarded as a cleaner alternative to gas since it’s made from plants instead of fossil fuel. The United States is the world’s largest bioethanol producer. Almost 45% of all corn grown in the USA is used for ethanol production. Currently, the artificial leaves and the specific catalyst are proof of concept devices and demonstrate only limited performance. The researchers are now working to optimize the light absorbers so that they can better absorb sunlight and optimize the catalyst so it can transform more sunlight into fuel. Further work will also be needed so the device can be mass-produced and make large volumes of fuel. 4. What is a potential advantage of the new fuels? A. Accelerating photosynthesis. B. Storing ethanol and propanol. C. Promoting the use of renewable energy. D. Increasing the speed of current vehicles. 5. What did Dr Rahaman mainly want to show in paragraph 3? A. The components of the artificial leaves. B. The difficulty of changing CO2 into CO. C. The innovation of the transformation process. D. The factors of producing a practical liquid fuel. 6. What did the researchers say about the new fuels? A. They are less economical than fossil fuel. B. They mark a significant shift from fossil fuel. C. They are merely appropriate for laboratory use. D. They require more agricultural land than bioethanol. 7. What does the last paragraph tell us about the artificial leaf technology? A. Its ability to thoroughly replace fossil fuel. B. Its improving efficiency and production capacity. C. Its present widespread application and performance. D. Its immediate impact on the mass-producing artificial leaves. C Yash Mehta, 14, got the idea for his first science fair project on a trip to Old Delhi, India. There, he visited a school for blind students and noticed that none of them used electronic braille (盲文) readers. They were just too costly. So he decided to build a more affordable one. His device uses tiny spinning motors to create vibrations that feel like the raised dots of braille letters. He then tested it with students at New Delhi’ s Blind Relief Association, achieving 86% accuracy in braille reading compared to print. “I’ve never been capable of software,” Yash says. But building his device required coding skills, which he learned by watching YouTube videos and reading Reddit posts. “Picking up that new skill was cool,” he adds, “and seeing everything fit together the first time was just pure excitement.” Despite his initial joy, the process wasn’t without challenges. At first, he attempted to base his design on a TENS machine — a device that uses electric pulses to relieve pain, hoping these pulses could create the feeling of braille dots. When this approach didn’t work, he realized that instead of starting over, he only needed to change the way of spreading information to the finger. This idea helped him power through the development of his motor-based device. Yash’s research earned him the first-place Technology Award in the 2024 Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge. “I’m planning to add OCR,” Yash says. Right now, his machine translates computer texts into braille letters. But with OCR, it could translate printed or handwritten texts into braille. For those new to science fairs, Yash advises, “Try to find something that you think can be done based on your current abilities. Also, ask people in your community what problems they need solving. I think that’s the most important part — getting first-hand feedback.” 8. Which of the following best describes Yash’s braille reader? A. Water-resistant. B. Budget-friendly. C. Pocket-sized. D. Energy-efficient. 9. What can we learn about Yash from paragraph 2? A. He is determined. B. He is humble. C. He is experienced. D. He is sociable. 10. How did Yash handle his challenge during the design process? A. By focusing on electric pulse strength. B. By changing the TENS machine’s design. C. By starting over with a new type of motor. D. By adjusting how messages reached the finger. 11. What does Yash advise beginners to do? A. Seek feedback from their peers. B. Choose difficult problems to solve. C. Find projects matching their skill level. D. Share experiences with the community. D Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of (缺乏) rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather. In San Casciano in Val di Pesa, near Florence, olive trees line the hillsides. But farmers say the dry soil is preventing the trees from producing the usual production of fruit. Tuscany is famous around the world for its olive oil and wine from grapes. But growers in the area say dry, hot weather always has a great influence on the crops and harms (损害) production. But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to fruit. Without water, many flowers fall to the ground before they can produce fruit. This year’s oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent. Olive growers have decided to change some of their farming methods. They have used a new watering method to make up for the lack of rainfall and hot temperatures. The method works with a pipe placed under the trees to drop water little by little. The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. A few years ago, olive farms were mainly found in hot and dry areas such as Sicily. Now, areas such as Val d’Aosta in the far north of Italy — which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains — can produce their own oil. Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest (收获). But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening(成熟) earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area. 12. What was the reason for the drop in oil production this year? A. The dry weather lasted a longer time. B. The fruit dropped to the ground before harvest. C. The dry weather happened in a special period. D. It was uncommon for the crops to experience dry weather. 13. Which of the following is a good influence of the dry weather? A. It increases the planting areas of crops. B. It encourages better farming methods. C. It improves the taste of crops. D. It attracts more tourists to the area. 14. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A. The influences of poor grapes on red wine. B. The harm brought by an ice storm to grapes. C. The production of grapes dropped because of dry weather. D. The influences of bad weather on grapes. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Farmers in Italy Are Expecting Some Rain B. Dry Weather Influences Italy’s Famous Grape & Olive Crops C. More Areas in Italy Are Fit for Crops Because of Warming Climate D. New Ways Are Introduced to Fight Against Dry Weather 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting. That’s why we work hard to make great first impressions. ___16___ First impressions might overshadow your abilities. When you are hired in an organization, a set of inferences are made about you. Making inferences is human nature. If you become known for your attention to details, you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture. If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations, you may never be seen as management material. ___17___ First impressions can stamp you forever, often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career. These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are. ___18___ This, in large part, is why your careers are held back, why you become frustrated, dissatisfied and even want to leave the present position. But it doesn’t have to come to that if you can unlock hidden aspects of your value. Talk about what you are reading or a project you are working on at home with coworkers and your manager when appropriate. This can demonstrate other skills you possess. Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry. ___19___ Volunteer in your company. It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role. ___20___ As people get to know you better, they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities, potentially opening new doors for career advancement. A. Here are some useful suggestions for you. B. Arm yourself with as much knowledge as possible. C. Thus, you can contribute in fresh and unexpected ways. D. It is often extremely difficult for people to change them. E. Whatever labels, they prevent people seeing your other capacities. F. Nevertheless, the same first impressions can block our career progress. G. By expanding your knowledge and network, you can reshape others’ perceptions. 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Renée and her roommate were living thousands of miles away from their hometown. They often travel back home to ___21___ their friends and family. One day at the airport, her roommate couldn’t ___22___ her passport (护照). She looked for it everywhere. And then she became ___23___. “I felt ___24___ because my roommate is easily with a bad mood (情绪),” Renée said. Renée tried to ask her roommate where she had last ___25___ it. And then her mood took a turn for the worse. “That’s when she shouted at me,” Renée said. “I don’t even ___26___ what she said, but it was loud and sharp.” Out of nowhere, a man got close to them. The man ___27___ asked if she had checked the ___28___ on her backpack. There it was. Her roommate responded with shyness and her ___29___ became quiet. “And it was such a ____30____ moment. It was seconds. But the man stepping in, it just immediately defused (缓和) the situation,” Renée said. “The man’s gesture of ____31____ made my roommate realize her own rudeness and impoliteness. And she ____32____ an apology (道歉) to me.” “He was my hero. It is because of his little gesture that my roommate realized her bad manners, and after that our ____33____ made deeper. And I truly ____34____ him for that,” Renée added. Now, Renée is in a good ____35____ with her roommate. 21. A. visit B. request C. introduce D. admire 22. A. renew B. explore C. find D. hide 23. A. tired B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 24. A. nervous B. awkward C. lonely D. satisfied 25. A. organized B. joined C. sold D. left 26. A. revise B. agree C. remember D. doubt 27. A. happily B. confidently C. secretly D. politely 28. A. books B. pockets C. pictures D. designs 29. A. voice B. breath C. debate D. personality 30. A. generous B. bad C. dangerous D. short 31. A. support B. anger C. recognition D. challenge 32. A. improved B. attracted C. offered D. commented 33. A. failure B. friendship C. power D. creation 34. A. recommend B. thank C. believe D. help 35. A. viewpoint B. teamwork C. relationship D. lifestyle 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kilauea has been erupting almost without stopping since 1983. It is one of the world’s most ___36___ (close) observed volcanoes. Most of these observations took place at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory on Kilauea’s highest point, from ___37___ researchers now have to withdraw. But the ___38___ (late) eruption is one of the biggest and could provide scientists ___39___ a lot of new information. Scientists from the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory and University of Hawaii are studying ___40___ the molten (熔化的) rock beneath the earth flows through a series of cracks (缝隙) under Kilauea before ___41___ (send) flying into the air. They want to learn what warning signs may exist for future eruptions to better protect Hawaii’s ___42___ (community). Hundreds of small earthquakes caused by the eruptions have damaged the structure of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. So the scientists were forced ___43___ (take) the equipment and records out of the building and moved ___44___ (they) to the University of Hawaii. The records include ____45____ (science) information and photos that are more than 100 years old. 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 我们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹； 2．意义或启示。 注意： 1．写作词数应为100个左右； 2．题目已为你写好。 A Historical Figure in China ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to enjoy going to my aunt’s flower farm. But not recently, because my newly born sister, Rosa, was settled in my old bedroom. For many years, I stored my books and toys in that small room. But now it was changed into her baby room. Both my space and my old life were gone. One sunny morning, my aunt took me to her farm again. When we arrived there, my aunt said I could pick some flowers for my parents. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tired nest and envy that I did not move. “Why bother to bother them flowers when they are enjoying Rosa at home without me?” I thought while silently helping mg aunt arrange flowers. “Your mother told me that there hadn’t been much sleep recently for any of you,” my aunt said. “The alarm clock in Rosa’s room kept going off,” I complained with a huge yawn(哈欠). I remember that I had to walk around the house like a worn-out mouse when your mother was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much, “my aunt laughed.” But you and my mother seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.” “Now, we are. But it took me years to get used to the role of being a big sister,” she said and pulled me into her arms. “It really takes time, you know.” A few seconds later, my aunt took me for a walk along the road which was dotted with beautiful flowers. I began to pick the little flowers as we talked. It was like collecting my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d made flower chains with my father, while giving each other the silliest names such as Princess of Snacks and King of Junk Food. Little by little, my face lit up and the flowers reminded me of the bright colors in my baby sister’s room. “Is she awake?” I wondered. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, I saw my parents walking towards me along the road. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the picnic, we went to pick some flowers. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2026届高三全真模拟适应性考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel plan. B. An exam result. C. A sports game. 2.Which aspect of the film does the woman like？ A. The plot. B. The music. C. The dialogue. 3.What is the relationship between the speakers？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 4.What will the man do for the woman? A. Renew two books. B. Borrow two books. C. Return two books. 5.What do the womanˈs colleagues think of her? A. Dependable. B. Bossy. C. Soft-hearted. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.Why does the woman call the man? A. To change the time to meet. B. To invite him to attend a lecture. C. To tell him about an email. 7.When does the conversation take place? A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.Which photo was taken by the man? A. The photo of a valley. B. The photo of a lake. C. The photo of the rain. 9.What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman likes taking photos. B. The man posted some photos online. C. There is a photo of trees reflected in the mirror. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 10.Which might be the feeling of those standing while working? A. Being more sleepy. B. Being concentrated. C. Time going by faster. 11.What is the outcome of the study mentioned in the passage? A. Standing while working improves working efficiency. B. Sitting for over 6 hours a day is harmful to health. C. Sitting comfortably does some good to health. 12.What do some professors suggest? A. Doing as leaders and colleagues do. B. Moving around instead of just standing. C. Finding a natural way to stand while working. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13.What kind of music does the speaker dislike? A. Rock. B. R & B. C. Classical. 14.What did the speaker do when it started to rain? A. He went home with his friends. B. He kept on watching the performance. C. He borrowed some raincoats from the organisers. 15.What does the speaker think of the performance of the supporting bands? A. Great. B. Unsatisfactory. C. Special. 16.Where did the speaker live during the festival? A. In the concert hall. B. In a hotel. C. In a tent. 听材料，回答问题。 17.How did the speaker feel in the morning? A. Happy but anxious. B. Awkward but happy. C. Annoyed and frightened. 18.What did the speaker do first at school? A. She went to the classroom. B. She toured the school. C. She met the teachers. 19.How long did the speaker stay at the school? A. Seven hours. B. Eight hours. C. Nine hours. 20.What did the speaker think of senior high school at last? A. Frightening. B. Special. C. Fantastic. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants •You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. •You have completed your high school studies. •You have at least one year of work experience. •You have strong public speaking skills. •You are self-motivated and committed. •You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. •You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). •You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 1. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________. A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programme C. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project 2. If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________. A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channel C. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers 3. Which is a requirement for the applicants? A. Spreading the message of sport for good. B. Having at least one-year work experience. C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。故选B。 【点睛】 B A new kind of fuel made from the power of the sun, which could revolutionize motoring, has been invented by scientists. The solar-powered technology changes carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuel that can be directly dropped into a vehicle’s engine. The researchers from the University of Cambridge controlled and used the power of photosynthesis (光合作用) to transform CO2, water and sunlight into multi-carbon fuels — ethanol and propanol (乙醇和丙醇) — in a single step. These fuels have a high energy density and can be easily stored or transported, according to scientists whose work was published in Nature Energy. “Shining sunlight on the artificial leaves and getting liquid fuel from carbon dioxide and water is an amazing bit of chemistry,” said Dr Rahaman, the new study’s first author. “Normally, when you try to change CO2 into another chemical product, you almost always get CO or syngas, but here, we’ve been able to produce a practical liquid fuel just using the power of the sun.” They managed this by developing a specific catalyst (催化剂), optimized to allow the artificial leaves to produce more complex chemicals. Unlike fossil fuel, these solar fuels produce net zero carbon emissions, and unlike most bioethanol, they do not take any agricultural land away from food production. “While the technology is only in the laboratory phase, the ‘artificial leaves’ are an important step in the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy,” the researchers said. Bioethanol is often regarded as a cleaner alternative to gas since it’s made from plants instead of fossil fuel. The United States is the world’s largest bioethanol producer. Almost 45% of all corn grown in the USA is used for ethanol production. Currently, the artificial leaves and the specific catalyst are proof of concept devices and demonstrate only limited performance. The researchers are now working to optimize the light absorbers so that they can better absorb sunlight and optimize the catalyst so it can transform more sunlight into fuel. Further work will also be needed so the device can be mass-produced and make large volumes of fuel. 4. What is a potential advantage of the new fuels? A. Accelerating photosynthesis. B. Storing ethanol and propanol. C. Promoting the use of renewable energy. D. Increasing the speed of current vehicles. 5. What did Dr Rahaman mainly want to show in paragraph 3? A. The components of the artificial leaves. B. The difficulty of changing CO2 into CO. C. The innovation of the transformation process. D. The factors of producing a practical liquid fuel. 6. What did the researchers say about the new fuels? A. They are less economical than fossil fuel. B. They mark a significant shift from fossil fuel. C. They are merely appropriate for laboratory use. D. They require more agricultural land than bioethanol. 7. What does the last paragraph tell us about the artificial leaf technology? A. Its ability to thoroughly replace fossil fuel. B. Its improving efficiency and production capacity. C. Its present widespread application and performance. D. Its immediate impact on the mass-producing artificial leaves. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发明了一种利用太阳能将二氧化碳和水转化为液体燃料的新技术，并讨论了其优势、创新性及未来发展。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The solar-powered technology changes carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuel that can be directly dropped into a vehicle’s engine.(这种太阳能技术将二氧化碳和水转化为液体燃料，可以直接注入汽车的发动机)”可知，这种燃料是通过太阳能技术将二氧化碳和水进行转化而来的，因此其潜在优势是促进可再生能源的使用。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Shining sunlight on the artificial leaves and getting liquid fuel from carbon dioxide and water is an amazing bit of chemistry,” said Dr Rahaman, the new study’s first author. “Normally, when you try to change CO2 into another chemical product, you almost always get CO or syngas, but here, we’ve been able to produce a practical liquid fuel just using the power of the sun.”(这项新研究的第一作者Dr Rahaman说：“将阳光照射在人造叶子上，从二氧化碳和水中获取液体燃料，这是一门令人惊叹的化学。”他说：“通常情况下，当你试图将二氧化碳转化为另一种化学产品时，你几乎总是得到一氧化碳或合成气，但在这里，我们已经能够利用太阳的力量生产出一种实用的液体燃料”。)”可知，Dr Rahaman主要展示转换过程的创新，通常情况只能得到一氧化碳或合成气，但这次却能够利用太阳的力量生产出一种实用的液体燃料。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““While the technology is only in the laboratory phase, the ‘artificial leaves’ are an important step in the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy,” the researchers said.(研究人员说：“虽然这项技术还处于实验室阶段，但‘人造叶子’是向脱离化石燃料经济转型的重要一步。)”可知，研究人员认为这种新能源标志着从化石燃料的重大转变。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Currently, the artificial leaves and the specific catalyst are proof of concept devices and demonstrate only limited performance. The researchers are now working to optimize the light absorbers so that they can better absorb sunlight and optimize the catalyst so it can transform more sunlight into fuel. Further work will also be needed so the device can be mass-produced and make large volumes of fuel.(目前，人工叶子和特定的催化剂只是概念验证装置，只表现出有限的性能。研究人员正在努力优化光吸收器，以便更好地吸收阳光，并优化催化剂，使其能够将更多的阳光转化为燃料。还需要进一步的工作，以便该设备可以大规模生产和制造大量的燃料。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是人工叶技术的提高效率和生产能力。故选B。 C Yash Mehta, 14, got the idea for his first science fair project on a trip to Old Delhi, India. There, he visited a school for blind students and noticed that none of them used electronic braille (盲文) readers. They were just too costly. So he decided to build a more affordable one. His device uses tiny spinning motors to create vibrations that feel like the raised dots of braille letters. He then tested it with students at New Delhi’ s Blind Relief Association, achieving 86% accuracy in braille reading compared to print. “I’ve never been capable of software,” Yash says. But building his device required coding skills, which he learned by watching YouTube videos and reading Reddit posts. “Picking up that new skill was cool,” he adds, “and seeing everything fit together the first time was just pure excitement.” Despite his initial joy, the process wasn’t without challenges. At first, he attempted to base his design on a TENS machine — a device that uses electric pulses to relieve pain, hoping these pulses could create the feeling of braille dots. When this approach didn’t work, he realized that instead of starting over, he only needed to change the way of spreading information to the finger. This idea helped him power through the development of his motor-based device. Yash’s research earned him the first-place Technology Award in the 2024 Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge. “I’m planning to add OCR,” Yash says. Right now, his machine translates computer texts into braille letters. But with OCR, it could translate printed or handwritten texts into braille. For those new to science fairs, Yash advises, “Try to find something that you think can be done based on your current abilities. Also, ask people in your community what problems they need solving. I think that’s the most important part — getting first-hand feedback.” 8. Which of the following best describes Yash’s braille reader? A. Water-resistant. B. Budget-friendly. C. Pocket-sized. D. Energy-efficient. 9. What can we learn about Yash from paragraph 2? A. He is determined. B. He is humble. C. He is experienced. D. He is sociable. 10. How did Yash handle his challenge during the design process? A. By focusing on electric pulse strength. B. By changing the TENS machine’s design. C. By starting over with a new type of motor. D. By adjusting how messages reached the finger. 11. What does Yash advise beginners to do? A. Seek feedback from their peers. B. Choose difficult problems to solve. C. Find projects matching their skill level. D. Share experiences with the community. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了14岁的Yash Mehta发明了盲文阅读器，并不断改进其功能，让盲文阅读器造福盲人。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“There, he visited a school for blind students and noticed that none of them used electronic braille (盲文) readers. They were just too costly. So he decided to build a more affordable one. (在那里，他参观了一所盲人学校，发现他们都没有使用电子盲文阅读器。它们的成本太高了。因此，他决定建造一个更便宜的。)”可知，Yash Mehta发现盲文阅读器太贵了，所以决定建造一个便宜的，能符合人们预算的，因此推断Yash的盲文阅读器的便宜的。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中““I’ve never been capable of software,” Yash says. But building his device required coding skills, which he learned by watching YouTube videos and reading Reddit posts. (“我从来没有能力开发软件，”亚什说。但构建他的设备需要编码技能，这是他通过观看 YouTube 视频和阅读 Reddit 帖子学到的。 )”可知，Yash Mehta虽然不会开发软件，但是他通过自学来进行开发软件，由此可推知，他是一个意志坚定的人，故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite his initial joy, the process wasn’t without challenges. At first, he attempted to base his design on a TENS machine — a device that uses electric pulses to relieve pain, hoping these pulses could create the feeling of braille dots. When this approach didn’t work, he realized that instead of starting over, he only needed to change the way of spreading information to the finger. (尽管他最初很高兴，但这个过程并非没有挑战。起初，他尝试将自己的设计基于 TENS 机器——一种使用电脉冲来缓解疼痛的设备，希望这些脉冲能够产生盲文点的感觉。当这种方法不起作用时，他意识到不必重新开始，只需改变将信息传播到手指的方式即可。)”可知，Yash在设计过程中通过调整消息到达手指的方式来应对挑战。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Yash advises, “Try to find something that you think can be done based on your current abilities. (亚什建议，“尝试根据你目前的能力找到一些你认为可以完成的事情。”)”可知，Yash建议初学者寻找与他们的技能水平相匹配的项目。故选C。 D Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of (缺乏) rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather. In San Casciano in Val di Pesa, near Florence, olive trees line the hillsides. But farmers say the dry soil is preventing the trees from producing the usual production of fruit. Tuscany is famous around the world for its olive oil and wine from grapes. But growers in the area say dry, hot weather always has a great influence on the crops and harms (损害) production. But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to fruit. Without water, many flowers fall to the ground before they can produce fruit. This year’s oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent. Olive growers have decided to change some of their farming methods. They have used a new watering method to make up for the lack of rainfall and hot temperatures. The method works with a pipe placed under the trees to drop water little by little. The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. A few years ago, olive farms were mainly found in hot and dry areas such as Sicily. Now, areas such as Val d’Aosta in the far north of Italy — which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains — can produce their own oil. Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest (收获). But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening(成熟) earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area. 12. What was the reason for the drop in oil production this year? A. The dry weather lasted a longer time. B. The fruit dropped to the ground before harvest. C. The dry weather happened in a special period. D. It was uncommon for the crops to experience dry weather. 13. Which of the following is a good influence of the dry weather? A. It increases the planting areas of crops. B. It encourages better farming methods. C. It improves the taste of crops. D. It attracts more tourists to the area. 14. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A. The influences of poor grapes on red wine. B. The harm brought by an ice storm to grapes. C. The production of grapes dropped because of dry weather. D. The influences of bad weather on grapes. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Farmers in Italy Are Expecting Some Rain B. Dry Weather Influences Italy’s Famous Grape & Olive Crops C. More Areas in Italy Are Fit for Crops Because of Warming Climate D. New Ways Are Introduced to Fight Against Dry Weather 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。意大利著名的托斯卡纳地区的农民们正在努力拯救受热浪和干旱影响的葡萄和橄榄作物。春季以来的降雨量减少甚至影响了传统上在炎热和干燥天气下生长良好的植物。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三、四句的“But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to fruit. Without water, many flowers fall to the ground before they can produce fruit. (但今年的高温和缺水发生在一个重要的时期，也就是花开始开花结果的时候。没有水，许多花在结果之前就落在地上了) ”可知，橄榄油产量下降是因为干燥的天气发生在一个特殊的时期。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants,but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. (天气变化的影响损害了生产和植物，但也在意大利创造了新的作物种植区域)”及“Now, areas such as Val d’Aosta in the far north of Italy — which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains — can produce their own oil.(在意大利最北部的奥斯塔山谷等地区——以雪上运动度假胜地和高山闻名——可以自己生产橄榄油了)”可知，干燥天气的良好影响是它增加了作物的种植面积。故选A项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening (成熟) earlier than expected. (但随着持续高温，许多葡萄的成熟时间比预期的要早)”以及“An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area. (最近一场冰暴摧毁了该地区40%的葡萄)”可知，作者在最后一段主要讲了恶劣天气对葡萄的影响。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容“Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. (意大利著名的托斯卡纳地区的农民们正在努力拯救受热浪和干旱影响的葡萄和橄榄作物)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述干燥的天气影响了意大利著名的葡萄和橄榄作物。由此可知，Dry Weather Influences Italy’s Famous Grape & Olive Crops(干旱天气影响意大利著名的葡萄和橄榄作物)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting. That’s why we work hard to make great first impressions. ___16___ First impressions might overshadow your abilities. When you are hired in an organization, a set of inferences are made about you. Making inferences is human nature. If you become known for your attention to details, you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture. If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations, you may never be seen as management material. ___17___ First impressions can stamp you forever, often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career. These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are. ___18___ This, in large part, is why your careers are held back, why you become frustrated, dissatisfied and even want to leave the present position. But it doesn’t have to come to that if you can unlock hidden aspects of your value. Talk about what you are reading or a project you are working on at home with coworkers and your manager when appropriate. This can demonstrate other skills you possess. Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry. ___19___ Volunteer in your company. It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role. ___20___ As people get to know you better, they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities, potentially opening new doors for career advancement. A. Here are some useful suggestions for you. B. Arm yourself with as much knowledge as possible. C. Thus, you can contribute in fresh and unexpected ways. D. It is often extremely difficult for people to change them. E. Whatever labels, they prevent people seeing your other capacities. F. Nevertheless, the same first impressions can block our career progress. G. By expanding your knowledge and network, you can reshape others’ perceptions. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了第一印象对职业生涯的影响，以及如何通过展示多样化的能力和兴趣来改变他人对自己的看法，从而推动职业发展。 【16题详解】 上文“We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting. That's why we work hard to make great first impressions.(我们都知道第一印象很重要且持久。这就是为什么我们努力留下好的第一印象)” 说明第一印象的重要性以及人们为留下好印象所做的努力。空处和前文构成转折关系，引出下文关于第一印象不利影响的论述。所以F项“然而，同样的第一印象可能会阻碍我们的职业发展”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“If you become known for your attention to details, you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture. If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations, you may never be seen as management material.(如果你因注重细节而闻名，你可能永远不会被视为能看到大局的人。如果你是组织所有生日庆祝活动的人，你可能永远不会被视为管理人才)”通过举例说明第一印象给人带来的固定看法。空处总结上文，说明这些看法带来的负面影响。所以E项“无论是什么标签，它们都阻碍人们看到你的其他能力”符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“First impressions can stamp you forever, often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career. These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are.(第一印象会永远烙印在你身上，常常预先决定了你职业发展的道路以及你能在职业生涯中走多远。这些看法描绘出了人们认为你是什么样的人)”说明第一印象对职业发展的影响以及形成的看法。空处承接上文，进一步说明改变这些看法的难度。所以D项“人们要改变它们往往极其困难”符合语境，该项中的them指代前文中的“These perceptions”。故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry.(接受新事物，了解你的公司和行业)”以及下文“Volunteer in your company. It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role.(在公司做志愿者。这是一个很好的方式，能让你有机会以超越既定角色的方式展现自己，让他人看到不一样的你)”强调要不断学习新知识。空处说明这样做的好处，并引出下文中的内容。所以C项“这样，你就可以以新鲜且意想不到的方式做出贡献” 符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 下文“As people get to know you better, they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities, potentially opening new doors for career advancement.(随着人们对你有了更好的了解，他们会认识到你多样的兴趣和能力，有可能为职业发展打开新的大门)”说明人们对自己有更好了解后带来的积极影响。空处引出下文，提出改变他人看法的建议。所以G 项“通过扩展你的知识和人脉，你可以重塑他人的看法” 符合语境,适合统领全段。故选G。 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Renée and her roommate were living thousands of miles away from their hometown. They often travel back home to ___21___ their friends and family. One day at the airport, her roommate couldn’t ___22___ her passport (护照). She looked for it everywhere. And then she became ___23___. “I felt ___24___ because my roommate is easily with a bad mood (情绪),” Renée said. Renée tried to ask her roommate where she had last ___25___ it. And then her mood took a turn for the worse. “That’s when she shouted at me,” Renée said. “I don’t even ___26___ what she said, but it was loud and sharp.” Out of nowhere, a man got close to them. The man ___27___ asked if she had checked the ___28___ on her backpack. There it was. Her roommate responded with shyness and her ___29___ became quiet. “And it was such a ____30____ moment. It was seconds. But the man stepping in, it just immediately defused (缓和) the situation,” Renée said. “The man’s gesture of ____31____ made my roommate realize her own rudeness and impoliteness. And she ____32____ an apology (道歉) to me.” “He was my hero. It is because of his little gesture that my roommate realized her bad manners, and after that our ____33____ made deeper. And I truly ____34____ him for that,” Renée added. Now, Renée is in a good ____35____ with her roommate. 21. A. visit B. request C. introduce D. admire 22. A. renew B. explore C. find D. hide 23. A. tired B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 24. A. nervous B. awkward C. lonely D. satisfied 25. A. organized B. joined C. sold D. left 26. A. revise B. agree C. remember D. doubt 27. A. happily B. confidently C. secretly D. politely 28. A. books B. pockets C. pictures D. designs 29. A. voice B. breath C. debate D. personality 30. A. generous B. bad C. dangerous D. short 31. A. support B. anger C. recognition D. challenge 32. A. improved B. attracted C. offered D. commented 33. A. failure B. friendship C. power D. creation 34. A. recommend B. thank C. believe D. help 35. A. viewpoint B. teamwork C. relationship D. lifestyle 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在机场时Renée的室友因为找不到护照而情绪不好，对Renée大喊大叫，两人的情况变得紧张，然后一名男子礼貌地上前询问，帮助室友找到了护照，缓和了两人之间的紧张，室友也因此意识到自己的粗鲁和不礼貌，最终向Renée道歉，两人的友谊因此加深了，Renée内心非常感谢这名男子的举动。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们经常回家拜访亲戚和朋友。A. visit拜访；B. request请求；C. introduce介绍；D. admire欣赏。根据上文“Renée and her roommate were living thousands of miles away from their hometown.”可知，Renée和室友住的地方离家很远，再结合下文“their friends and family”可推知，她们应该是回家拜访亲戚和朋友。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天在机场，她的室友找不到她的护照了。A. renew更新；B. explore探索；C. find找到；D. hide隐藏。根据下文“She looked for it everywhere.”可知，她的室友到处找护照，因此是找不到护照。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她就恼火了。A. tired疲倦的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“my roommate is easily with a bad mood (情绪)”可知，她的室友很容易心情不好，由此推知，此时找不到护照的她会烦恼。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很紧张，因为我的室友很容易心情不好。A. nervous紧张的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. lonely孤独的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“my roommate is easily with a bad mood (情绪)”可知，她的室友很容易心情不好，由此推知，Renée会因此感到紧张。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Renée试图问她的室友她最后把它放在哪里了。A. organized组织；B. joined加入；C. sold售卖；D. left把……留在某处。根据上文“She looked for it everywhere.”可知，她的室友到处找护照，由此推知，Renée会询问她最后把护照放在放在哪里了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不记得她说了什么，但声音又大又尖锐。A. revise修订；B. agree同意；C. remember记得；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“what she said, but it was loud and sharp”可知，此处有转折，由此推知，虽然Renée不记得室友大吼的内容，但是记得室友的声音很大很尖锐。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这人礼貌地问她是否检查了背包上的口袋。A. happily愉快地；B. confidently自信地；C. secretly秘密地；D. politely有礼貌地。根据下文“Her roommate responded with shyness and her ___9___ became quiet.”可知，她的室友害羞地回答了这个人的问题，变得安静下来，由此推知，这个人应该是很礼貌地询问，才让找不到护照变得恼火的室友意识到自己的问题。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这人礼貌地问她是否检查了背包上的口袋。A. books书籍；B. pockets口袋；C. pictures图片；D. designs设计。根据上文描述的她的室友在找护照，以及下文“on her backpack”可推知，这人会询问她是否检查了背包上的口袋，护照可能在口袋里。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她室友很害羞地回答了，她的声音变得安静。A. voice声音；B. breath呼吸；C. debate辩论；D. personality个性。根据上文“but it was loud and sharp”可知，她的室友声音又大又尖锐，由此推知，此处表示她的声音变得安静。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻很短暂。A. generous慷慨的；B. bad糟糕的；C. dangerous危险的；D. short短的。根据下文“It was seconds.”可知，这名男子询问情况的时间只有几秒，因此那一刻很短暂。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个人提供帮助的举动让我的室友意识到自己的粗鲁和不礼貌。A. support支持，帮助；B. anger愤怒；C. recognition认可；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“But the man stepping in, it just immediately defused (缓和) the situation”可知，这名男子走过来询问她的室友，成功缓和了两人之间紧张的情况，由此可知，此处指他提供帮助的举动。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向我道歉了。A. improved改善；B. attracted吸引；C. offered提供；D. commented评论。根据下文“an apology (道歉) to me”可推知，此处表示她向Renée道歉，offer an apology to sb.是固定短语，意为“向某人道歉”。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是因为他的一个小举动，我的室友意识到了她的不礼貌，从那以后我们的友谊加深了。A. failure失败；B. friendship友谊；C. power力量；D. creation创造。根据上文“It is because of his little gesture that my roommate realized her bad manners”可知，这名男子的举动让Renée的室友意识到了自己的不礼貌，结合下文“made deeper”可推知，Renée和室友之间的友谊加深了。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很感谢他。A. recommend推荐；B. thank感谢；C. believe相信；D. help帮助。根据上文“The man’s gesture of ___11___ made my roommate realize her own rudeness and impoliteness. And she ___12___ an apology (道歉) to me.”可知，这名男子的举动让Renée的室友意识到了自己的粗鲁和不礼貌，然后室友也道歉了，因此Renée会很感谢他。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，Renée和她的室友关系很好。A. viewpoint观点；B. teamwork团队合作；C. relationship关系；D. lifestyle生活方式。根据上文叙述的Renée的室友因为找不到护照而情绪不好，对Renée大喊大叫，两人的情况变得紧张，然后一名男子礼貌地询问室友，帮助缓和了情况，室友最终向Renée道歉可推知，此处指两人现在关系很好，be in good relationship with sb.是固定短语，意为“与某人关系良好”。故选C。 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kilauea has been erupting almost without stopping since 1983. It is one of the world’s most ___36___ (close) observed volcanoes. Most of these observations took place at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory on Kilauea’s highest point, from ___37___ researchers now have to withdraw. But the ___38___ (late) eruption is one of the biggest and could provide scientists ___39___ a lot of new information. Scientists from the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory and University of Hawaii are studying ___40___ the molten (熔化的) rock beneath the earth flows through a series of cracks (缝隙) under Kilauea before ___41___ (send) flying into the air. They want to learn what warning signs may exist for future eruptions to better protect Hawaii’s ___42___ (community). Hundreds of small earthquakes caused by the eruptions have damaged the structure of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. So the scientists were forced ___43___ (take) the equipment and records out of the building and moved ___44___ (they) to the University of Hawaii. The records include ____45____ (science) information and photos that are more than 100 years old. 【答案】36. closely 37. which 38. latest 39. with 40. how 41. being sent 42. communities 43. to take 44. them 45. scientific 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了最近夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山喷发，迫使当地的火山观测人员撤离观测站，但这也给观测人员及科学家们提供了一个很好的研究机会。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：它是世界上最被密切观测的火山之一。分析句子可知，空处修饰作定语的过去分词observed，应用副词closely，意为“密切地”，表示密切观测。故填closely。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些观测大多是在基拉韦厄火山最高点的夏威夷火山观测站进行的，研究人员现在不得不从那里撤出。分析句子可知，空处和空前的from搭配，形成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词from的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：但最近的喷发是最大的喷发之一，可以为科学家提供许多新信息。结合空前的“the”可推知，空处应用late的最高级形式latest表示“最近的”。故填latest。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：但最近的喷发是最大的喷发之一，可以为科学家提供许多新信息。根据“provide scientists”和“a lot of new information”可推知，空处应用固定短语provide sb. with sth.表示“为某人提供某物”。故填with。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：夏威夷火山观测站和夏威夷大学的科学家们正在研究地表下面的熔岩是如何流经基拉韦厄火山下面的一系列缝隙，然后被喷射到空中的。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作studying的宾语，结合空后内容可推知，研究的是熔岩运动的方式，空处需表达“如何，怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词，作从句的方式状语。故填how。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：夏威夷火山观测站和夏威夷大学的科学家们正在研究地表下面的熔岩是如何流经基拉韦厄火山下面的一系列缝隙，然后被喷射到空中的。分析句子可知，空处作before的宾语，应用send的动名词形式，且send和逻辑主语the molten rock之间是被动关系，因此动名词需用被动式。故填being sent。 【42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他们想了解未来火山爆发可能存在的警告信号，以更好地保护夏威夷的社区。分析句子可知，空处作protect的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词community应用复数形式。故填communities。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，科学家们被迫将设备和记录搬出大楼，搬到了夏威夷大学。根据“were forced”可知，此处用固定短语be forced to do sth.表示“被迫做某事”。故填to take。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：因此，科学家们被迫将设备和记录搬出大楼，搬到了夏威夷大学。分析句子可知，空处作moved的宾语，指代前面提到的the equipment and records，应用代词they的宾格形式。故填them。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些记录包括100多年前的科学信息和照片。分析句子可知，空处是修饰information的定语，形容词scientific符合题意，意为“科学的”，表示科学信息。故填scientific。 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 我们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹； 2．意义或启示。 注意： 1．写作词数应为100个左右； 2．题目已为你写好。 A Historical Figure in China ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A Historical Figure in China Chinese history finds its narrative shaped by numerous outstanding figures, but few shine as brightly as Li Bai, the legendary poet of the Tang Dynasty. He is celebrated as a literary genius, and his life and works continue to capture hearts centuries later, making him a perfect subject for a Chinese story told in English. Li Bai broke from conventional poetic forms, embracing a romantic style that featured the beauty of nature, the joy of friendship and the spirit of adventure. His masterpieces transport readers to a world of moonlit rivers, magnificent mountains, and limitless freedom. He was more of a cultural force than a poet, embodying the confidence and optimism of his age. Li Bai’s story is not merely a tale from the past but a lasting inspiration for the present, encouraging us to write our own lives with similar courage and grace. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇文章进行投稿，介绍一位中国历史人物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 杰出的：outstanding→remarkable 壮丽的：magnificent→splendid 以……为特征：feature→characterize 无限的：limitless→boundless 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Chinese history finds its narrative shaped by numerous outstanding figures, but few shine as brightly as Li Bai, the legendary poet of the Tang Dynasty. 拓展句：Chinese history finds its narrative shaped by numerous outstanding figures, but few shine as brightly as Li Bai, who is the legendary poet of the Tang Dynasty. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Li Bai broke from conventional poetic forms, embracing a romantic style that featured the beauty of nature, the joy of friendship and the spirit of adventure.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Li Bai’s story is not merely a tale from the past but a lasting inspiration for the present, encouraging us to write our own lives with similar courage and grace.（运用了现在分词作状语） 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to enjoy going to my aunt’s flower farm. But not recently, because my newly born sister, Rosa, was settled in my old bedroom. For many years, I stored my books and toys in that small room. But now it was changed into her baby room. Both my space and my old life were gone. One sunny morning, my aunt took me to her farm again. When we arrived there, my aunt said I could pick some flowers for my parents. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tired nest and envy that I did not move. “Why bother to bother them flowers when they are enjoying Rosa at home without me?” I thought while silently helping mg aunt arrange flowers. “Your mother told me that there hadn’t been much sleep recently for any of you,” my aunt said. “The alarm clock in Rosa’s room kept going off,” I complained with a huge yawn(哈欠). I remember that I had to walk around the house like a worn-out mouse when your mother was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much, “my aunt laughed.” But you and my mother seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.” “Now, we are. But it took me years to get used to the role of being a big sister,” she said and pulled me into her arms. “It really takes time, you know.” A few seconds later, my aunt took me for a walk along the road which was dotted with beautiful flowers. I began to pick the little flowers as we talked. It was like collecting my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d made flower chains with my father, while giving each other the silliest names such as Princess of Snacks and King of Junk Food. Little by little, my face lit up and the flowers reminded me of the bright colors in my baby sister’s room. “Is she awake?” I wondered. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, I saw my parents walking towards me along the road. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the picnic, we went to pick some flowers. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Suddenly, I saw my parents walking towards me along the road. They took my baby sister in the baby basket, I looked at them in disbelief. When they came near, my father made faces toward me and spread the picnic blanket on an empty place beside the road. My mother then put down the baby basket on it. We all sat down on it and enjoyed the snacks. Suddenly, my father placed my sister’s hat on my head and declared. “Sleepy Beauty!” We all burst out laughing. After the picnic, we went to pick some flowers. A moment later, I heard funny noises coming from the baby basket. I tiptoed to it and looked in. My baby sister was wide awake and was playing with her mouth water in her baby basket. Staring at her lovely cheeks and rosy lips, I found myself reaching out to the little creature. To my amazement, she grabbed onto my little finger. At the very moment, I felt a magic bond growing between Rosa and me. 【解析】 【导语】本文以情感发展为线索展开，讲述了作者因为妹妹的出生而失去了自己的空间和旧生活，感到嫉妒和疲惫。然而，在阿姨的引导下，作者逐渐接受了新的角色并重新找回了快乐。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，我看见我的父母沿着马路向我走来。”可知，第一段可描写作者抱着作者的妹妹走来，走近后爸爸向作者做鬼脸，然后一家人坐在一起快快乐乐地享受野餐。 ②由第二段首句内容“野餐后，我们去采了一些花。”可知，第二段可描写作者听见婴儿摇篮里有声音，走近发现妹妹在玩耍。作者把手伸向妹妹，然后妹妹握住了作者的手指。那一刻作者感觉到了两人之间的神奇的联系。 2.续写线索：感到惊愕——放下婴儿摇篮——全家人享受野餐——被称呼“睡美人”——采花——听见妹妹的声音——握手——感觉到两人之间的神奇的联系 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看见：see/spot/catch sight of ②前往：go to/head to ③玩耍：play/enjoy oneself 情绪类 ①不相信的：be in disbelief/be unconvinced of ②可爱的：lovely/charming 【点睛】[高分句型1]Suddenly, I saw my parents walking towards me along the road.（使用了现在分词作宾语补足语） [高分句型2]When they came near, my father made faces toward me and spread the picnic blanket on an empty place beside the road.（使用了when引导的时间状语从句、介词短语作定语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $