Unit 7 Feel the rhythm 定语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用”为逻辑主线，系统构建定语从句知识体系，通过分层训练提升语言理解与表达能力，培养分析推断的思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|3关系代词+4特殊规则|关系代词指代/成分辨析、省略规则（主不省宾省）、that必用场景（不定代词/最高级/序数词/人物共存）|从定语从句概念切入，推导关系代词用法，归纳特殊规则，形成“概念-原理-特例”认知链| |考点夯基|单项选择30题/单词填空10题/完成句子10题|题干分析定位先行词，根据指代对象（人/物）及从句成分（主/宾）选择关系代词|针对中考高频考点，通过基础题型强化关系代词辨析与应用能力| |综合提升|语法选择1篇/短文填空2篇|语境中判断先行词特征，结合上下文灵活运用关系代词|从单句到语篇，实现知识向综合语言运用能力迁移，契合中考命题趋势|

Unit 7 Feel the rhythm 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用单词正确形式填空 4 三、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、什么是定语从句 1. 概念 定语从句：用一个句子来修饰、限定前面的名词。 被修饰的名词 → 先行词 连接主句和从句的词 → 关系代词 限制性定语从句：对先行词必须限定、不能去掉，去掉后句子意思不完整、不明确。 2. 初中只考3个关系代词 who / which / that 关系代词 指代对象 在从句中成分 who 人 作主语、宾语 which 物 / 动物 / 事情 作主语、宾语 that 人 + 物（万能） 作主语、宾语 二、三个关系代词详细用法 1. who （只指人） 修饰人，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。 （1）who 作主语（不能省略） 结构：先行词(人) + who + 谓语动词 例句： 1. The girl who is reading books is my sister. 正在看书的那个女孩是我妹妹。 1. The teacher who teaches us English is very kind. 教我们英语的那位老师很和蔼。 （2）who 作宾语（可以省略） 例句： 1. The boy (who) you met yesterday is my brother. 你昨天遇见的那个男孩是我弟弟。 2. which （只指物） 修饰事物、物品、动物、事情，在从句中作主语或宾语。 （1）which 作主语（不能省略） 例句： 1. The bike which is new is mine. 这辆新自行车是我的。 1. The dog which runs fast is very cute. 那只跑得快的小狗很可爱。 （2）which 作宾语（可以省略） 例句： 1. The book (which) I bought yesterday is interesting. 我昨天买的那本书很有趣。 3. that （万能：既可指人、也可指物） 初中最常用、最稳妥的词，可以替代 who 和 which。 （1）that 指人（替代 who） 例句： 1. The man that helped me is a policeman. 帮助我的那个人是一名警察。 （2）that 指物（替代 which） 例句： 1. The pen that lies on the desk is Tom’s. 桌上的那支笔是汤姆的。 三、核心规则：什么时候可以省略关系代词？ 作主语绝不省，作宾语可省略 1. who / which / that 在从句中作主语 → 不能省 1. who / which / that 在从句中作宾语 → 可以省略 四、初中必考：只能用that，不用which的情况（高频考点） 在限制性定语从句中，先行词是物时，以下情况只用that： 1. 先行词被 all, little, much, everything, nothing, anything 等不定代词修饰 1. Everything that he said is true. 2. 先行词被 最高级 修饰 1. This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 3. 先行词被 序数词（first/second…）修饰 1. This is the first gift that I received. 4. 先行词既有人又有物 1. I still remember the people and things that I met here. 极简总结：不定代词、最高级、序数词、人物共存 → 必用that 一、单项选择 1．Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character. A．what B．who C．whose D．that 2．—What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．that B．what C．where D．who 3．All the classmates enjoyed the cake ________ I made at the party. It was really delicious A．that B．who C．what D．whose 4．The picture always reminds me of the moments ________ we spent in Qinye Middle School. A．that B．when C．how D．what 5．— Is this the first film ________the young actor has acted in? — Yes, it is, but I think it is the best film ________I have ever seen. A．who;who B．that; that C．which; who D．who; which 6．The stories ________ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A．what B．/ C．who D．that 7．Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the dragon is the only one ________ is not real. A．which B．who C．that 8．This is the most beautiful park ________ I have ever visited. A．that B．which C．who D．where 9．As our friends, dolphins are the best partners ________ can help people reduce their stress. A．what B．that C．when D．where 10．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 11．The activity ________ we planned last week is a school general cleaning. A．who B．which C．what D．where 12．The educational tour ________ we took last month was very meaningful. A．what B．who C．which D．where 13．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. It’s very interesting. A．who B．which C．when D．where 14．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. A．what B．whose C．who D．which 15．People in India often wear clothes ________ cover their arms and legs. A．who B．what C．which D．where 16．The dictionary ________ I bought yesterday is very useful. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 17．The movie ________ we watched yesterday was directed by Zhang Yimou. A．who B．which C．where D．when 18．It is no surprise that many students love the animation ________ has lots of traditional Chinese elements. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 19．The teacher talked about some natural wonders ________ we have never heard of. A．who B．which C．whose 20．Body language is a kind of non-verbal (非语言的) communication ________ can express our emotions. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 21．We should respect the people ________ make great contributions. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 22．My role model is the person ________ always helps others. A．who B．which C．where D．when 23．The girl ________ is wearing a beautiful hat is my sister. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 24．— Do you know the British scientist Jane Goodall, a pioneer in studying animals? — Of course! She spent all her life speaking out for those ________ can’t speak for themselves. A．who B．which C．that D．/ 25．The teacher ________ teaches us green knowledge encourages us to go green. A．who B．which C．what D．where 26．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 27．The girl ________ has good manners is popular in her class. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 28．The man ________ works for Oxfam is very helpful. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 29．— Do you know the girl ________ won the first prize in the “Tell China’s Stories in English” competition? — Yes. She is Sun Ziyan from Zhangzhou No.1 Middle School. A．which B．whom C．who 30．The students ________ are interested in science can join the school science club. A．which B．who C．whom 二、单句语法填空 31．—Which girl is your sister? —The girl ________ is wearing dark glasses. 32．This is my beautiful school ________ is near the famous library. 33．—The village ________ I visited last year has changed a lot. —Really? I hope to go there one day. 34．You should be thankful to those people ________ always help and support you. 35．Is there anything ________ I can do for you? 36．—Have you ever visited a rock ________ looks like a lion? —Yes, I have. 37．Wuxi is a place in which music ________ (meet) the world. 38．China is a country which ________ (have) a long history and colorful culture. 39．For people _________ enjoy traveling, the world is a big book. 40．One of the people ________ inspire me the most is my dance instructor. 三、完成句子 41．刚才与你谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 The man ________ you ________ ________ just now is my father. 42．徐菲更喜欢能安静、轻柔表演的歌曲组合。 Xu Fei ________ groups ________ can play quiet and gentle music. 43．他是个会自己创作的歌手。 He is a singer ________ his own music. 44．你认识正在唱歌的那个女孩吗？ Do you know the girl ________ ________ ________? 45．它已经变成了一个吸引无数游客拍照的必备打卡点。 It has become a popular must-visit place ________ ________ thousands of tourists to take photos. 46．Most of the people giving advice were women. (改写句子) Most of the people ________ ________ advice were women. 47．我们应该永远感恩那些曾经帮助过我们的人。 We should never fail to thank those ________ ________ us. 48．We stayed in a shelter. The shelter was built last year.（合并为定语从句） We stayed in a shelter ________ ________ built last year. 49．This is a novel. It tells a touching story about friendship.（合并为定语从句） This is a novel ________ ________ a touching story about friendship. 50．Jack is a kind boy. His sister was my roommate. (合并为一句) Jack is a kind boy ________ ________ was my roommate. 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A special band from Xiamen Special Education School has won many people’s hearts. 1 band, called Star Dream, is made up of some disabled children. The band started in 2017. That year some musicians gave a charity show 2 the school. Some students with hearing problems were curious about the 3 instruments and wanted to try. The musicians were moved by the students and decided 4 them free lessons. The school also helped a lot. Then the band, Star Dream, was born. Practicing was 5 than the children imagined. For these disabled students, even learning to make sounds with the instruments took lots of time. Teachers used simple 6 like paper, balloons and bottles to help them. But some simple skills might still take them 10 or 20 classes to learn. 7 it was really difficult, they didn’t give up. Even during holidays, students practiced at home with borrowed instruments. In 2023, they held 8 first concert in the Xiamen Music Hall. Everyone at the concert 9 deeply. In June, 2025, they even performed in Hong Kong. So far, the band 10 over 20 performances. It makes these disabled children enjoy music and show their talents like others. With love and hard work, everyone can shine. 1．A．A B．An C．The 2．A．in B．on C．with 3．A．wonder B．wonderful C．wonderfully 4．A．offer B．offered C．to offer 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 6．A．tool B．tools C．tools’ 7．A．Though B．Unless C．Because 8．A．they B．them C．their 9．A．was touched B．is touched C．is touching 10．A．gave B．has given C．will give 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入合适的词或用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 Do you know Sichuan River Boatman’s Chants (川江号子)? It is a traditional folk singing art and an important part of Chinese river music. These songs have 1 history of more than one thousand years. In the old 2 (day), many trackers (纤夫) worked along the Yangtze River. To make their work easier, they sang simple and loud songs while 3 (work). These songs were full 4 hope. They show how hard the trackers worked and how they faced difficulties 5 (brave). As time 6 (go) by, few people need to work as a tracker for a living. The old songs 7 gave the trackers power in hard times are disappearing. But local people try their best 8 (save) the special culture. With their hard work, this old folk art has been shining on big stages and is listed as a 9 (nation) intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Nowadays, many teachers teach the songs in schools. Therefore, this art 10 (know) to more and more teenagers and they begin to love the traditional folk singing art. 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Last winter vacation, I went back to my hometown Shantou, a place 1 (know) for its rich culture and traditions. During my visit, I had the chance to watch Yingge dance up close. Watching Yingge dance was 2 exciting experience. I stood on the street with many locals and visitors, waiting for the performers to arrive. Soon, I heard the sound of gongs (锣) and sticks. A flag with the 3 (word) “Shengqian Yingge Team” led the way, followed by a big group of energetic dancers. The performers wore bright, 4 (color) costumes and carried wooden sticks. They moved their sticks skillfully, making them seem like part of their bodies. Sometimes, they 5 (shout), making the performance even more exciting. The mix of music, movement and sound brought joy 6 everyone. My uncle was one of the dancers. After the show, I talked to him. He said, “I’m proud to be part of Yingge dance. It 7 (help) spread our culture and makes Chinese people more confident in their traditions.” His words showed me 8 young people care about 9 (keep) traditional culture alive. This experience helped me understand Yingge dance 10 (well). It is not just a local show but also a way to celebrate our culture and bring people together. I hope more people can watch and enjoy this amazing tradition. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Feel the rhythm 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用单词正确形式填空 4 三、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、什么是定语从句 1. 概念 定语从句：用一个句子来修饰、限定前面的名词。 被修饰的名词 → 先行词 连接主句和从句的词 → 关系代词 限制性定语从句：对先行词必须限定、不能去掉，去掉后句子意思不完整、不明确。 2. 初中只考3个关系代词 who / which / that 关系代词 指代对象 在从句中成分 who 人 作主语、宾语 which 物 / 动物 / 事情 作主语、宾语 that 人 + 物（万能） 作主语、宾语 二、三个关系代词详细用法 1. who （只指人） 修饰人，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。 （1）who 作主语（不能省略） 结构：先行词(人) + who + 谓语动词 例句： 1. The girl who is reading books is my sister. 正在看书的那个女孩是我妹妹。 1. The teacher who teaches us English is very kind. 教我们英语的那位老师很和蔼。 （2）who 作宾语（可以省略） 例句： 1. The boy (who) you met yesterday is my brother. 你昨天遇见的那个男孩是我弟弟。 2. which （只指物） 修饰事物、物品、动物、事情，在从句中作主语或宾语。 （1）which 作主语（不能省略） 例句： 1. The bike which is new is mine. 这辆新自行车是我的。 1. The dog which runs fast is very cute. 那只跑得快的小狗很可爱。 （2）which 作宾语（可以省略） 例句： 1. The book (which) I bought yesterday is interesting. 我昨天买的那本书很有趣。 3. that （万能：既可指人、也可指物） 初中最常用、最稳妥的词，可以替代 who 和 which。 （1）that 指人（替代 who） 例句： 1. The man that helped me is a policeman. 帮助我的那个人是一名警察。 （2）that 指物（替代 which） 例句： 1. The pen that lies on the desk is Tom’s. 桌上的那支笔是汤姆的。 三、核心规则：什么时候可以省略关系代词？ 作主语绝不省，作宾语可省略 1. who / which / that 在从句中作主语 → 不能省 1. who / which / that 在从句中作宾语 → 可以省略 四、初中必考：只能用that，不用which的情况（高频考点） 在限制性定语从句中，先行词是物时，以下情况只用that： 1. 先行词被 all, little, much, everything, nothing, anything 等不定代词修饰 1. Everything that he said is true. 2. 先行词被 最高级 修饰 1. This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 3. 先行词被 序数词（first/second…）修饰 1. This is the first gift that I received. 4. 先行词既有人又有物 1. I still remember the people and things that I met here. 极简总结：不定代词、最高级、序数词、人物共存 → 必用that 一、单项选择 1．Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character. A．what B．who C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今日之中国是一个坚守这一民族品格的国家。 what什么；who谁；whose谁的；that那个。空前“a country”为先行词，指物，空后“keeps to...”为定语从句，缺主语，关系代词需在从句中作主语，指代country。that可指物并在从句中作主语，引导定语从句，符合结构。 2．—What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．that B．what C．where D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。 that关系代词（指人或物，在从句中作主语/宾语）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）；where关系副词（指地点，在从句中作状语）；who关系代词（指人，在从句中作主语）。根据题干先行词movies指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用that引导，应填that。 3．All the classmates enjoyed the cake ________ I made at the party. It was really delicious A．that B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：所有同学都喜欢我在派对上做的蛋糕，它真的很美味。 that用于指代物的关系代词；who用于指代人的关系代词；what不能引导定语从句；whose表示所属关系。先行词the cake是物品，定语从句缺少宾语，指代物可用关系代词that，故选A。 4．The picture always reminds me of the moments ________ we spent in Qinye Middle School. A．that B．when C．how D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这张照片总是让我想起我们在钦野中学度过的时光。   that引导定语从句，可指代物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语；how如何，不能引导定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。  根据句子结构，先行词是“the moments”，空格后“we spent”缺少宾语（spent的宾语），因此需要一个关系代词在从句中充当宾语。that可在定语从句中作宾语，符合要求。when是关系副词，只能作状语，不能作spent的宾语。故应填that。 5．— Is this the first film ________the young actor has acted in? — Yes, it is, but I think it is the best film ________I have ever seen. A．who;who B．that; that C．which; who D．who; which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是这位年轻演员演过的第一部电影吗？——是的，但我认为这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。 第一空先行词是film指物，且被序数词the first修饰，关系代词只能用that；第二空先行词是film指物，且被最高级the best修饰，关系代词只能用that。 6．The stories ________ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A．what B．/ C．who D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：马克·吐温写的那些故事往往很幽默。 what什么，不能引导定语从句；；who谁，先行词为人；that关系代词，先行词为人或物。先行词是stories，指物，且在从句中作主语，关系代词在从句中作主语时不可省略，应填that。 7．Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the dragon is the only one ________ is not real. A．which B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在中国十二生肖中，龙是唯一一个不真实的动物。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为one，指物且被the only修饰，这种情况只能用that引导定语从句。 8．This is the most beautiful park ________ I have ever visited. A．that B．which C．who D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我曾经参观过的最美丽的公园。 that指人或物；which指物；who指人；where指地点。先行词park被最高级the most beautiful修饰，根据语法规则，当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that。此外，从句中visited缺少宾语，where作状语不符合语境。故选A。 9．As our friends, dolphins are the best partners ________ can help people reduce their stress. A．what B．that C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为我们的朋友，海豚是能够帮助人们减轻压力的最佳伙伴。 what什么，不能引导定语从句；that在定语从句中可以指代人或物，作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间；where关系副词，指地点。先行词是“partners”，指物，且在从句中作主语，关系代词应用that。 10．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。 that指人或物；which指物；who指人；whom指人，作宾语。分析句子可知，“... I have ever seen”是定语从句，先行词movie指物，且被最高级the best修饰，此时引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 11．The activity ________ we planned last week is a school general cleaning. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们上周计划的活动是一次校园大扫除。 who谁（用于先行词指人时）；which哪一个（用于先行词指物时，可作宾语，不另译）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）；where在哪（关系副词，在从句中作地点状语）。先行词是the activity，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作planned的宾语，故选which。 12．The educational tour ________ we took last month was very meaningful. A．what B．who C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们上个月参加的教育旅行非常有意义。 what什么（不引导定语从句）；who谁（指人）；which哪个/那个（指物）；where哪里（指地点）。定语从句修饰先行词“The educational tour”，指物，且关系代词在从句中作“took”的宾语，应用which引导限制性定语从句。 13．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. It’s very interesting. A．who B．which C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我上周在书店买的那本书。它非常有趣。 who谁，指人；which哪一个，指物；when什么时候，指时间；where在哪里，指地点。先行词是“the book”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语。应填which。 14．This is the book ________ I bought in the bookstore last week. A．what B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这就是我上周在书店买的那本书。 what什么；whose谁的；who谁；which哪一个。根据先行词“the book”指物可知，引导定语从句应用which。 15．People in India often wear clothes ________ cover their arms and legs. A．who B．what C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在印度，人们经常穿能遮住手臂和腿的衣服。 who谁，关系代词，先行词指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which哪一个，关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where在哪里，关系副词，先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语。本句先行词是clothes“衣服”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应填which。 16．The dictionary ________ I bought yesterday is very useful. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我昨天买的那本词典非常有用。 这是一个定语从句，从句缺少宾语，用关系代词引导，先行词The dictionary指物，用which引导定语从句。who和whom指人，whose在从句中作定语。 17．The movie ________ we watched yesterday was directed by Zhang Yimou. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们昨天看的那部电影是由张艺谋导演的。 who谁；which哪个；where哪里；when什么时候。先行词是“The movie”，指物，且在从句中作宾语，应用which引导定语从句。 18．It is no surprise that many students love the animation ________ has lots of traditional Chinese elements. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多学生喜爱这部有很多中国传统元素的动画片，这并不令人惊讶。 who谁；which哪一个；what什么；whose谁的。先行词“the animation”指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。 19．The teacher talked about some natural wonders ________ we have never heard of. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师谈论了一些我们从未听说过的自然奇观。 who谁（指人）；which哪一个（指物）；whose谁的（表所属）。分析句子可知，先行词some natural wonders指物，且关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which引导该定语从句。 20．Body language is a kind of non-verbal (非语言的) communication ________ can express our emotions. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：肢体语言是一种非语言的交流方式，它可以表达我们的情绪。 who指代人；which指代物；whose表示所属关系；whom指代人。而本句的先行词communication是事物，因此要用关系代词which来引导定语从句。故选B。 21．We should respect the people ________ make great contributions. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重做出巨大贡献的人们。   which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose为所属关系。先行词为“the people”指人，且关系词在从句“make great contributions”中作主语，应用who。 22．My role model is the person ________ always helps others. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的榜样是那个总是帮助他人的人。 who指代人，作主语/宾语；which指代物，作主语/宾语；where指代地点，作状语；when指代时间，作状语。根据“My role model is the person...always helps others.”可知先行词是“the person”，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。 23．The girl ________ is wearing a beautiful hat is my sister. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个戴着漂亮帽子的女孩是我妹妹。 分析句子成分可知，“…is wearing a beautiful but is my sister”是一个定语从句，先行词The girl 指人，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用who。 24．— Do you know the British scientist Jane Goodall, a pioneer in studying animals? — Of course! She spent all her life speaking out for those ________ can’t speak for themselves. A．who B．which C．that D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道英国科学家简·古道尔吗，她是研究动物的先驱？——当然！她毕生都在为那些不能为自己说话的（生命）发声。 who指代人，在定语从句中作主语；which指代事物；that虽可指代人，但先行词为those指代生命体时常用who；关系词在从句作主语不可省略。先行词those指代动物，视作有生命主体，因此选who。 25．The teacher ________ teaches us green knowledge encourages us to go green. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那位教我们环保知识的老师鼓励我们践行绿色生活。 who先行词是人；which先行词只能是物；what不能引导定语从句；where作地点状语。根据“teacher”可知，先行词指人，应用who。 26．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个总会在那里与你分享欢笑与泪水的人。 which哪个（指物）；whose谁的（表所属）；who谁（指人，作主语）；whom谁（指人，作宾语）。先行词是a person，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词who。应填who。 27．The girl ________ has good manners is popular in her class. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个有礼貌的女孩在班上很受欢迎。 who谁；which哪个；what什么；whose谁的。先行词是“The girl”，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。 28．The man ________ works for Oxfam is very helpful. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个为乐施会工作的男人非常乐于助人。 “...works for Oxfam”是限制性定语从句，先行词是“The man”，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。 29．— Do you know the girl ________ won the first prize in the “Tell China’s Stories in English” competition? — Yes. She is Sun Ziyan from Zhangzhou No.1 Middle School. A．which B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识在“用英语讲中国故事”比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩吗？ ——认识。她是来自漳州第一中学的孙紫妍。 which哪一个；whom谁；who谁。先行词是“the girl”，指人。关系词在定语从句“______ won the first prize…”中充当主语。指人且在从句中作主语的关系代词是who（也可用that）。A选项which指物，不能指人；B选项whom指人，但在从句中只能作宾语，不能作主语。所以选C。 30．The students ________ are interested in science can join the school science club. A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对科学感兴趣的学生可以加入学校科学俱乐部。 which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物；who在定语从句中作主语，指人；whom在定语从句中作宾语，指人。先行词为“The students（学生们）”，指人，且关系词在从句“are interested in science”中充当主语，故选用who。 二、单句语法填空 31．—Which girl is your sister? —The girl ________ is wearing dark glasses. 【答案】who/that 【详解】句意：——哪个女孩是你妹妹？——那个戴墨镜的女孩。此处为定语从句，先行词the girl指人，关系词在从句作主语，可用who或that引导。 32．This is my beautiful school ________ is near the famous library. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：这是我漂亮的学校，它就在著名图书馆旁边。根据题目可知，后半句是一个限制性定语从句，作用是补充说明这是哪一所学校。先行词是“school”，并且关系代词在从句作主语，要用that或者which。故填that/which。 33．—The village ________ I visited last year has changed a lot. —Really? I hope to go there one day. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：——我去年去过的村庄变化很大。——真的吗？我希望有一天能去那里。先行词the village指物，关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，可用that/which。 34．You should be thankful to those people ________ always help and support you. 【答案】 who/that 【详解】句意：你应该感谢那些一直帮助和支持你的人。先行词“those people”指代人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that引导。 35．Is there anything ________ I can do for you? 【答案】that 【详解】句意：有什么我能为你做的吗？句中“anything”是不定代词，在定语从句“I can do for you”中作宾语，根据语法规则，当先行词是不定代词时，定语从句的关系代词要用“that”，故填that。 36．—Have you ever visited a rock ________ looks like a lion? —Yes, I have. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：——你参观过看起来像狮子的岩石吗？——是的，我参观过。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处需填入关系词。先行词为“a rock” (指物)，关系词在从句中作主语，可用“which/that”引导定语从句。 37．Wuxi is a place in which music ________ (meet) the world. 【答案】meets 【详解】句意：无锡是一个音乐与世界相遇的地方。句中先行词“a place”在定语从句中作地点状语，从句主语“music”是不可数名词，视为第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，meet的第三人称单数是meets，故填meets。 38．China is a country which ________ (have) a long history and colorful culture. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：中国是一个历史悠久、文化丰富多彩的国家。先行词是a country（一个国家），为单数名词，定语从句中的关系代词which指代先行词，因此从句的谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式has。 39．For people _________ enjoy traveling, the world is a big book. 【答案】who/that 【详解】句意：对于喜欢旅行的人来说，世界是一本大书。先行词people指人，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词既可以用who也可以用that。故填who/that。 40．One of the people ________ inspire me the most is my dance instructor. 【答案】who 【详解】句意：最鼓舞我的人之一是我的舞蹈老师。本句是定语从句，先行词是the people（指人），且关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。 三、完成句子 41．刚才与你谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 The man ________ you ________ ________ just now is my father. 【答案】 who/that talked with/to 【详解】原句中定语从句的引导词和“与……谈话”是关键词，“刚才与你谈话的那个人”这里“那个人”在从句中作宾语，先行词是人，引导定语从句既可以用who，也可以用that，它们都能代指人且在从句中作宾语，所以第一空填who或that都可以。“谈话”对应的英文表达，根据“just now（刚才）”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“谈话”常用“talk”，其过去式是“talked”，“与……谈话”常见的短语搭配有“talk with”和“talk to” ，二者都符合语境，所以第二空填talked，第三空填with或to都可以。 42．徐菲更喜欢能安静、轻柔表演的歌曲组合。 Xu Fei ________ groups ________ can play quiet and gentle music. 【答案】 prefers that/which 【详解】原句中“更喜欢”是关键词，表示“更喜欢”的动词是prefer，句子主语是Xu Fei，第三人称单数，且描述的是客观喜好，为一般现在时，因此谓语动词需变为第三人称单数形式prefers；第二空需要一个引导词来引导定语从句修饰先行词groups，指物，从句中缺少主语，指物时关系代词可用that或which。 43．他是个会自己创作的歌手。 He is a singer ________ his own music. 【答案】who writes/that writes 【详解】原句中“创作”是关键词，定语从句作后置定语，用来修饰先行词“a singer”。先行词“singer”指人，因此关系代词选用who（或that）。句子描述的是客观事实或职业特征，使用一般现在时。关系代词who指代单数名词singer，因此从句谓语动词write需用第三人称单数形式writes。所以填who writes或that writes。 44．你认识正在唱歌的那个女孩吗？ Do you know the girl ________ ________ ________? 【答案】 who/that is singing 【详解】原句中“正在唱歌的”是关键信息，用来修饰先行词the girl；该部分可用定语从句表达，先行词the girl指代人，关系词可用who或that，在从句中作主语；从句为现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is，“唱歌”对应singing。 45．它已经变成了一个吸引无数游客拍照的必备打卡点。 It has become a popular must-visit place ________ ________ thousands of tourists to take photos. 【答案】 that/which attracts 【详解】原句中“吸引”是关键词，表示“吸引”的单词是attract。本句为定语从句，先行词place表事物，关系代词用that/which；先行词为单数，从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填that/which；attracts。 46．Most of the people giving advice were women. (改写句子) Most of the people ________ ________ advice were women. 【答案】 who/that gave 【详解】句意：大多数提供建议的人是女性。原句中“giving advice”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“the people”，相当于一个定语从句。改写时需要将现在分词短语转换为定语从句，先行词是“the people”（指人），关系代词可用who或that，从句中谓语动词用一般过去时gave，与原句时态保持一致。因此填who/that；gave。 47．我们应该永远感恩那些曾经帮助过我们的人。 We should never fail to thank those ________ ________ us. 【答案】 who helped 【详解】原句中“帮助过我们的人”是关键词，根据句子结构，本句为定语从句，修饰先行词those，关系代词为who。help“帮助”，动词，应该用一般过去时，此处用动词过去式helped。 48．We stayed in a shelter. The shelter was built last year.（合并为定语从句） We stayed in a shelter ________ ________ built last year. 【答案】 that/which was 【详解】句意：我们住在一个避难所里。这个避难所是去年建造的。合并为定语从句，先行词是shelter，在从句中作主语，可用关系代词that或which，后接was built。故填that/which；was。 49．This is a novel. It tells a touching story about friendship.（合并为定语从句） This is a novel ________ ________ a touching story about friendship. 【答案】 that/which tells 【详解】句意：这是一本小说。它讲述了一个关于友谊的感人故事。合并后的定语从句缺少主语，用关系代词，先行词a novel指物，关系代词用that/which；谓语动词和先行词保持一致，先行词为第三人称单数，动词tell“讲述”用第三人称单数形式tells。 50．Jack is a kind boy. His sister was my roommate. (合并为一句) Jack is a kind boy ________ ________ was my roommate. 【答案】 whose sister 【详解】句意：杰克是个善良的男孩。他的妹妹是我的室友。合并为一句，可改为定语从句，先行词是Jack，指人，要表达“……的”这个所属关系，用关系代词whose作定语修饰名词sister。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A special band from Xiamen Special Education School has won many people’s hearts. 1 band, called Star Dream, is made up of some disabled children. The band started in 2017. That year some musicians gave a charity show 2 the school. Some students with hearing problems were curious about the 3 instruments and wanted to try. The musicians were moved by the students and decided 4 them free lessons. The school also helped a lot. Then the band, Star Dream, was born. Practicing was 5 than the children imagined. For these disabled students, even learning to make sounds with the instruments took lots of time. Teachers used simple 6 like paper, balloons and bottles to help them. But some simple skills might still take them 10 or 20 classes to learn. 7 it was really difficult, they didn’t give up. Even during holidays, students practiced at home with borrowed instruments. In 2023, they held 8 first concert in the Xiamen Music Hall. Everyone at the concert 9 deeply. In June, 2025, they even performed in Hong Kong. So far, the band 10 over 20 performances. It makes these disabled children enjoy music and show their talents like others. With love and hard work, everyone can shine. 1．A．A B．An C．The 2．A．in B．on C．with 3．A．wonder B．wonderful C．wonderfully 4．A．offer B．offered C．to offer 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 6．A．tool B．tools C．tools’ 7．A．Though B．Unless C．Because 8．A．they B．them C．their 9．A．was touched B．is touched C．is touching 10．A．gave B．has given C．will give 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了厦门特殊教育学校的“星梦”乐队，由残疾儿童组成。乐队始于2017年，音乐家们免费授课，孩子们克服困难坚持练习，2023年举办首场音乐会，2025年在香港演出，至今已演出20多场。 1．句意：这个名为“星梦”的乐队由一些残疾儿童组成。 前文已提到“A special band”，此处再次特指，应用定冠词The。A和An均为不定冠词，表示泛指。 2．句意：那一年，一些音乐家在学校举办了一场慈善演出。 表示“在学校里”用介词in。on表示“在……上面”；with表示“和……一起”，均不符合。 3．句意：一些有听力问题的学生对奇妙的乐器感到好奇，想要尝试。 修饰名词instruments需要用形容词wonderful“奇妙的”。wonder是名词或动词；wonderfully是副词。 4．句意：音乐家们被学生感动，决定免费给他们上课。 固定搭配decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，应用动词不定式to offer。offer是动词原形，不能直接跟在decide后；offered是过去式。 5．句意：练习比孩子们想象的更难。 句中有than，应用比较级harder。hard是原级；hardest是最高级。 6．句意：老师们用简单的工具，如纸、气球和瓶子来帮助他们。 根据列举的多个物品（paper, balloons, bottles）可知tool应用复数形式tools。tool是单数；tools’是所有格。 7．句意：虽然真的很困难，但他们没有放弃。 前后句为让步关系，应用Though“虽然”。Unless“除非”表条件；Because“因为”表原因。 8．句意：2023年，他们在厦门音乐厅举办了他们的第一场音乐会。 修饰名词concert应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。they是主格；them是宾格。 9．句意：音乐会上的每个人都被深深感动了。 描述过去发生的事情，且主语Everyone与touch为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态was touched。is touched为一般现在时被动；is touching为现在进行时主动。 10．句意：到目前为止，这个乐队已经举办了20多场演出。 时间状语So far（到目前为止）常与现在完成时连用，主语the band为第三人称单数，应用has given。gave是一般过去时；will give是一般将来时。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入合适的词或用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 Do you know Sichuan River Boatman’s Chants (川江号子)? It is a traditional folk singing art and an important part of Chinese river music. These songs have 1 history of more than one thousand years. In the old 2 (day), many trackers (纤夫) worked along the Yangtze River. To make their work easier, they sang simple and loud songs while 3 (work). These songs were full 4 hope. They show how hard the trackers worked and how they faced difficulties 5 (brave). As time 6 (go) by, few people need to work as a tracker for a living. The old songs 7 gave the trackers power in hard times are disappearing. But local people try their best 8 (save) the special culture. With their hard work, this old folk art has been shining on big stages and is listed as a 9 (nation) intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Nowadays, many teachers teach the songs in schools. Therefore, this art 10 (know) to more and more teenagers and they begin to love the traditional folk singing art. 【答案】 1．a 2．days 3．working 4．of 5．bravely 6．goes 7．that/which 8．to save 9．national 10．is known 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统民间歌唱艺术——川江号子的历史、发展以及现在的传承情况。 1．句意：这些歌曲有一千多年的历史。have a history of...为固定搭配，意为“有……的历史”，history发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 2．句意：在过去，许多纤夫在长江沿岸工作。in the old days为固定搭配，意为“在过去，在昔日”，day需用复数形式。 3．句意：为了让工作更轻松，他们在工作时唱着简单而响亮的歌。while引导时间状语从句，当主从句主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词，此处省略了they were，故用现在分词形式working。 4．句意：这些歌曲充满了希望。be full of...为固定搭配，意为“充满……”。 5．句意：它们展示了纤夫们工作多么努力，以及他们是如何勇敢地面对困难的。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词faced，需用副词形式，brave的副词为bravely。 6．句意：随着时间的流逝，很少有人需要以做纤夫为生。as time goes by为固定搭配，意为“随着时间的流逝”，此处描述一般情况，用一般现在时；主语time为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。 7．句意：那些在艰难时期给予纤夫力量的老歌正在消失。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The old songs，指物，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which。 8．句意：但是当地人尽最大努力去拯救这种特殊的文化。try one’s best to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，需用动词不定式。 9．句意：在他们的努力下，这门古老的民间艺术在广阔的舞台上闪耀，并被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词短语intangible cultural heritage，需用形容词形式，nation的形容词为national。 10．句意：因此，这门艺术被越来越多的青少年所熟知，他们开始喜爱这种传统的民间歌唱艺术。主语this art与动词know之间是被动关系，且根据Nowadays可知此处描述现在的状况，需用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）。主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is，know的过去分词为known。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Last winter vacation, I went back to my hometown Shantou, a place 1 (know) for its rich culture and traditions. During my visit, I had the chance to watch Yingge dance up close. Watching Yingge dance was 2 exciting experience. I stood on the street with many locals and visitors, waiting for the performers to arrive. Soon, I heard the sound of gongs (锣) and sticks. A flag with the 3 (word) “Shengqian Yingge Team” led the way, followed by a big group of energetic dancers. The performers wore bright, 4 (color) costumes and carried wooden sticks. They moved their sticks skillfully, making them seem like part of their bodies. Sometimes, they 5 (shout), making the performance even more exciting. The mix of music, movement and sound brought joy 6 everyone. My uncle was one of the dancers. After the show, I talked to him. He said, “I’m proud to be part of Yingge dance. It 7 (help) spread our culture and makes Chinese people more confident in their traditions.” His words showed me 8 young people care about 9 (keep) traditional culture alive. This experience helped me understand Yingge dance 10 (well). It is not just a local show but also a way to celebrate our culture and bring people together. I hope more people can watch and enjoy this amazing tradition. 【答案】 1．known 2．an 3．words 4．colorful 5．shouted 6．to 7．helps 8．that 9．keeping 10．better 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年寒假回到家乡汕头，近距离观看英歌舞的经历和感受，表达了对传统文化的自豪感以及对传承传统文化的期望。 1．句意：去年寒假，我回到了我的家乡汕头，一个以其丰富的文化和传统而闻名的地方。设空处作后置定语修饰名词place，place与know之间是逻辑上的被动关系，固定搭配be known for意为“以……而闻名”，此处用过去分词形式作后置定语。 2．句意：观看英歌舞是一次令人兴奋的经历。experience在此处意为“经历”，是可数名词，且表示泛指“一次……的经历”，需用不定冠词；exciting以元音音素开头，需用an。 3．句意：一面写着“胜前英歌队”字样的旗帜在前面引路，后面跟着一大群精力充沛的舞者。“Shengqian Yingge Team”包含多个单词，所以word需用复数形式words。 4．句意：表演者穿着鲜艳多彩的服装，手里拿着木棍。设空处修饰名词costumes，需用形容词形式，color的形容词是colorful，意为“色彩丰富的/鲜艳的”。 5．句意：有时，他们会大喊大叫，使表演更加激动人心。设空处作句子的谓语，根据前文的wore, carried, moved可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时shouted。 6．句意：音乐、动作和声音的混合给每个人带来了欢乐。固定搭配bring sth to sb，意为“给某人带来某物”。 7．句意：它有助于传播我们的文化，让中国人对自己的传统更加自信。此处是直接引语，陈述客观事实，且与后面的makes并列，需用一般现在时；主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式helps。 8．句意：他的话向我展示了年轻人关心保持传统文化的活力。showed me后跟的是宾语从句，从句结构和句意完整，可用that引导，不作成分，只起连接作用。 9．句意：他的话向我展示了年轻人关心保持传统文化的活力。about是介词，其后需接动名词形式keeping作宾语。 10．句意：这次经历帮助我更好地了解了英歌舞。此处表示“更好地”了解，隐含与过去相比的比较意味，需用well的比较级better修饰动词understand。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $