精品解析：山东烟台市招远市2025-2026学年第二学期期末考试初二英语(笔试)试题

2025—2026学年度第二学期第二学段测试 初二英语（笔试）试题 温馨提示： 1.本试卷共8页, 满分90分；考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前, 务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5.在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 基础知识应用（共三节, 满分20分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分） 看音标写单词 1. /ˈtræfɪk/ ________ 2. /ˈɪndəstri/ ________ 3. /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ ________ 4. /ɪkˈspreʃ(ə)n/ ________ 5. /ˈnɜːvəs/ ________ 6. /ˈsəʊʃ(ə)l/ ________ 7. /ˈfɪtnəs/ ________ 8. /ˈempti/ ________ 9. /ˈstʌmək/ ________ 10. /əkˈsept/ ________ 第二节 完成句子（共5小题, 20个空；每空0.5分, 满分10分） 根据汉语提示完成下列各句, 每空一词。 11. ——未来会是什么样子？ ——城市里的人口会更多，但交通事故会更少。 —What will the future be ________? —There will be more people in ________, but there will be ________ traffic ________. 12. 发消息时如果用词不慎，反而会让事情变得更糟。 ________ can make things ________ if you’re not ________ ________ your words. 13. 如果我有好消息，我会马上给你打电话。 If I have good ________, I ________ call you ________ ________. 14. ——我们该如何为未来做好准备? ——坚持学习, 努力奋斗。 —How can we ________ ________ the future? —________ learning and working ________. 15. ——我们怎样才能更好地沟通？ ——注意你的肢体语言和言辞表达。 —How can we ________ better? —________ ________ to your body ________ and your words. 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分） 选出划线单词的词类 16. Students probably won’t go to a school in the future. ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.数词 B.介词 C.动词 D.冠词 ________ A.连词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.介词 ________ A.连词 B.冠词 C.代词 D.数词 17. Wow! Two cute boys and I read an interesting book today. ________ A.连词 B.名词 C.代词 D.感叹词 ________ A.冠词 B.数词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.动词 B.数词 C.形容词 D.介词 ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.数词 D.连词 ________ A.代词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 （A） Spring break (春假) is here! It’s a great time to have fun and try new things. Here are some ideas for you. ★Have a picnic Go to a park near your home. Bring a picnic blanket (野餐垫) and some drinks and snacks. You can play games or just enjoy the sun. It’s a great way to spend time with family and enjoy the fresh air. ★Visit an amusement park (游乐园) If you like excitement, try an amusement park. Ride roller coasters (坐过山车) and play fun games. The thrills (刺激) and laughter will make it a day to remember. Don’t forget to take pictures with your family! ★Go on a road trip It is great to explore new places without going too far. Get in the car and go somewhere new. It can be a nearby city or a national park. Enjoy some family bonding (联络感情) time on the open road. You’ll make wonderful memories while discovering new places along the way. ★Plan a museum day Many museums offer fun, hands-on activities for kids. You might see dinosaur bones (恐龙骨头), old paintings, or even try a cool science experiment. It’s a great way to explore something new indoors. ★Go hiking If your family enjoys the outdoors, take advantage of (利用) the spring weather with a family hike. Find a trail (小径) near you and walk in nature. You can look for birds, flowers, or just enjoy the quiet. You can even bring your dog! No matter what you do, make sure you enjoy your spring break! 18. What do you need to bring for a picnic in the park? A. A bike and a book. B. A picnic blanket, drinks and snacks. C. A dog and a trail map. D. A camera and old paintings. 19. Which activity means getting in the car to visit new places? A. Have a picnic. B. Go hiking. C. Go on a road trip. D. Visit a museum. 20. What can you NOT see or do in a museum? A. See dinosaur bones. B. Enjoy the sun. C. See old paintings. D. Try science experiments. （B） What is the most difficult part of high school? Making friends, taking tests, or growing up? The answer could be any of these things. But for many students, the hardest thing is waking up early in the morning. During their teenage (青少年时期的) years, young people’s bodies go through many changes. One important change is that they naturally (自然地) fall asleep later at night. This is not because they want to stay up late—it is part of their growth. Because of this, getting up early for school becomes very hard. When students do not get enough good sleep, their health can suffer (变糟). They may feel tired, find it hard to pay attention in class, or even feel sad more often. A new study shows that having flexible (灵活的) school start times may help students get more sleep and do better in school. The study looked at a high school in Switzerland. In 2022, the school began letting students choose their own start time. Students could choose to start at 7: 30 am—just 10 minutes later than before—or at 8: 30 am. Most students chose the later time. As a result (结果), they got about 45 more minutes of sleep on school days. They reported fewer sleep problems, better health, and improved grades in English and maths. Getting more sleep helped them feel more awake in class and more ready to learn. According to the findings of the study, starting school later can really improve teenagers’ health. When students sleep better, they feel better—both in body and mind. 21. What is the hardest thing for many high school students? A. Making friends. B. Taking tests. C. Waking up early. D. Growing up. 22. Why is it hard for teenagers to get up early? A. They like staying up late. B. Their bodies make them sleep later at night. C. They have too much homework. D. They don’t like school. 23. What is the result of starting school later? A. Students slept less every day. B. Students had worse health. C. Students’ grades in English and maths improved. D. Students were more sleepy in class. (C) There are different kinds of sports. Some are non-contact (非接触) sports, such as tennis and swimming. Others are contact sports, such as football and basketball. Some believe kids should not play contact sports. Others think the benefits are greater than the risks (风险). We asked some kids for their thoughts. Nancy, 13 Kids should be able to play contact sports. If we limit (限制) their choices, they might lose interest in playing sports. Almost all sports have a risk of injury (损伤). Football is a contact sport, but the risk of getting a serious injury is actually quite low. Lincoln, 13 Kids should not play any type of contact sport. Contact sports are dangerous, even for adults. If adults can get hurt, children can get hurt more easily. Some kids may get badly hurt from contact sports. Also, some parents push kids too hard. This can take all the fun out of sports. Julian, 14 Almost all sports have some contact. Contact sports might come with risks, but they teach us about teamwork. This helps build communication skills. Contact sports also help kids learn about competition and sportsmanship (竞争和体育精神). Mary, 13 Kids should not play contact sports until they’re older. Their bones and muscles (肌肉) are still growing. Hard hits can cause serious injuries. These injuries may last their whole life. Children can still have fun by swimming, running, or playing tennis. When they grow bigger, they can try contact sports more safely. 24. Which of the following is a non-contact sport? A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Swimming. D. Boxing. 25. What does Nancy think of contact sports for kids? A. Kids must not play them at all. B. Kids can play them and the serious injury risk is low. C. Kids should play them only when they grow up. D. Contact sports have no risk of injury. 26. Why does Lincoln disagree with kids playing contact sports? A. Kids can learn teamwork from them. B. They are cheap and easy to play. C. Kids get hurt more easily and may lose sports fun. D. They can help kids build communication skills. 27. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. All contact sports will surely hurt kids seriously. B. Different kids have different opinions on contact sports. C. Non-contact sports are totally (完全地) boring for teenagers. D. Parents never care about their kids’ sports safety. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 In the US, teenagers over the age of 14 sometimes have part-time jobs. But why do teenagers do this? ____28____ Some might want to save money for something big, like buying a car. ____29____ Children aged 14-15 can only work when they are not in school. They can work up to 3 hours a day on school days, and 18 hours in all during a school week. They can work up to 8 hours on a non-school day, and 40 hours in all for a non-school week. ____30____ Usually, they can only work from 7 am to 7 pm. However, from June 1st to Labor Day, they can work between 7 am and 9 pm. For children of sixteen or seventeen, they have more freedom in choosing working time. ____31____ Having a part-time job is helpful for the US teenagers. ____32____ And it gives them skills and experience. This will help them get a full-time job later in life. A. And there are limits (限制) to working time in a day. B. Some teenagers do it to get some pocket money. C. They don’t have strict limits on working hours like younger teens. D. They can know well what the real working world is like. E. There are also rules about how many hours they can work each day. F. It is not easy for them to find a good part-time job. 第三部分 语言知识应用（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We all have teachers we don’t really like. However, it’s not wise to ____33____ on a subject just because of the teacher. Even if you don’t get along with the teacher, it doesn’t mean the class is ____34____. Learning is one of the important ____35____ we’re in school. Try ____36____ your focus from “I don’t like this teacher!” to “What can I learn here?”. Give you and your teacher a chance ____37____ things out. Try putting yourself in their shoes. Nobody’s perfect. With so many students in one class, it’s normal to feel ____38____ or stressed (有压力的) sometimes. Why not ____39____ a good time to talk and clear up the misunderstanding? Most teachers are ready ____40____. And even if the misunderstanding doesn’t go away, speaking up will make you feel much ____41____. See this experience as a chance to grow. As you go through life, you’ll meet many people you don’t get along with. By ____42____ how to manage (管理) your feelings and work through problems now, you’re building skills. They will help you in the future. That’s pretty amazing progress, isn’t it? 33. A. give away B. give up C. give in D. give out 34. A. useful B. useless C. polite D. impolite 35. A. reason B. way C. ways D. reasons 36. A. change B. use C. to change D. to use 37. A. work B. to work C. working D. works 38. A. tire B. tiring C. more tiring D. tired 39. A. find B. to find C. found D. finds 40. A. listen B. to listen C. listened D. listens 41. A. good B. better C. best D. more better 42. A. learn B. to learning C. learning D. learned 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever noticed (注意到) that you feel happier on sunny days but want to stay in bed on rainy days? You are not alone. Weather actually has ____43____ strong influence on how we feel and think. Sunshine is good ____44____ our mind. When sunlight touches our skin, our body makes vitamin D. This vitamin helps our brain release serotonin (释放血清素), making us feel happy, calm and focused. That is why many people feel full of energy on sunny days. Rainy days, however, can do the opposite (相反). When the sky turns gray and there is less light, our brain produces less serotonin and more melatonin (褪黑素). Melatonin can make us feel ____45____ (sleep). So when it rains, we often feel tired or a little down. But here is something interesting: some people love the sound of rain. To them, it feels calm and helps ____46____ (they) relax. ____47____ (snow) days bring a mix of feelings. Most children can’t wait ____48____ the snow. They can build snowmen and have snowball fights ____49____ (happy). But for adults, heavy snow can cause problems and make travel difficult. Extreme weather (极端天气) can also affect our mental health. When it gets very hot, we may ____50____ (feel) uncomfortable and get angry easily. Storms can bring feelings of fear and worry. And for some, just the sound of strong winds can make them nervous. The good news is that we can learn to manage (管理) our feelings. On dark, rainy days, we can turn ____51____ bright lights or do something we enjoy. When the sun is shining, getting outside is a great choice. Once we know how the weather affects us, we can take small steps ____52____ (keep) ourselves in a good mood (情绪). 第四部分 书面表达（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） Healthy eating is about choosing the right foods to help our bodies grow strong. In daily life, we need a mix of fruits, vegetables, proteins and grains (蛋白质和谷物). Foods like burgers and sweets are tasty, but eating them too often may cause problems. From a young age, Ethan had a sweet tooth. He loved eating pizza, fries, and burgers, and he always drank milkshakes, cola, or other sugary (含糖的) drinks. The sweeter it was, the more he liked it. One morning, his mum said, “This has to stop, Ethan. You’re eating far too much sugar.” “Why? I love sugar,” Ethan smiled happily. “Just look at what you’re eating for breakfast,” said his mum. Ethan looked at the food in front of him and felt good. “I’m having juice, cereal (麦片), and a donut (甜甜圈),” he said. Then, he took a bite of his donut. He chewed (咀嚼), but suddenly stopped as a sharp pain (痛) shot through his teeth. “Ow!” he cried, and held the right side of his face. “Ethan, you have to go to the dentist (看牙医).” “No, I won’t! It’s the most terrifying thing,” Ethan said. He took another bite, but his teeth were really painful. “Why do all the delicious foods have to be bad for me?” he asked. “Your favourite foods are full of sugar and fat. You need good food for healthy teeth, eyes, and even your brain!” she explained. “If you don’t choose healthier food, I won’t buy any fast food or sweets.” “That’s not fair!” Ethan said. His mother grew more serious. “Tomorrow morning you’ll have eggs, toast without jam (不加果酱的吐司), bacon (培根), some fresh fruit, and a glass of milk.” “No sweets at all?” Ethan asked in shock. “No. And no sweets in your lunch either. You’ll have yogurt or fresh fruit for dessert.” “Okay, fine,” Ethan said. He didn’t want to agree, but another sharp tooth pain made him give in (屈服). Maybe he really needed to see a dentist. 53. What is healthy eating? _________________________________________________________________________ 54. What foods did Ethan like eating from a young age? _________________________________________________________________________ 55. 划线句子的汉语意思是什么？ _________________________________________________________________________ 56. What did Ethan’s mother ask him to do? _________________________________________________________________________ 57. What will Ethan eat for breakfast the next morning? _________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分 15 分） 58. 假设你是李华，你们学校将在下个周对学生进行体育测试。你作为体育委员，请写一则爱心小贴士，提醒同学们在体测期间的注意事项。提示信息： 1. 穿舒适的衣服和鞋子； 2. 吃早饭； 3. 提前热身； 4. 做能力范围内的运动； 5. 运动后不要喝冷饮…… 要求：不少于70词；包含所给信息，可适当发挥；已给出的单词不计入总词数。 Tips for PE Test Dear classmates, Our school will have a PE test next week. Here are some useful tips for you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wish all of you good grades! Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第二学期第二学段测试 初二英语（笔试）试题 温馨提示： 1.本试卷共8页, 满分90分；考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前, 务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5.在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 基础知识应用（共三节, 满分20分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分） 看音标写单词 1. /ˈtræfɪk/ ________ 2. /ˈɪndəstri/ ________ 3. /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ ________ 4. /ɪkˈspreʃ(ə)n/ ________ 5. /ˈnɜːvəs/ ________ 6. /ˈsəʊʃ(ə)l/ ________ 7. /ˈfɪtnəs/ ________ 8. /ˈempti/ ________ 9. /ˈstʌmək/ ________ 10. /əkˈsept/ ________ 【答案】1. traffic 2. industry 3. emergency 4. expression 5. nervous 6. social 7. fitness 8. empty 9. stomach 10. accept 第二节 完成句子（共5小题, 20个空；每空0.5分, 满分10分） 根据汉语提示完成下列各句, 每空一词。 11. ——未来会是什么样子？ ——城市里的人口会更多，但交通事故会更少。 —What will the future be ________? —There will be more people in ________, but there will be ________ traffic ________. 【答案】 ①. like ②. cities ③. fewer ④. accidents 【解析】 【详解】原句中“样子”、“城市”、“事故”和“更少”是关键词，询问“未来会是什么样子”常用句型为“What will ... be like?”；“城市”的英文为city，表示泛指，应该用复数形式cities；“交通事故”对应的英文是traffic accident，表示泛指，需用复数形式；“更少”用fewer表示，修饰可数名词复数。 12. 发消息时如果用词不慎，反而会让事情变得更糟。 ________ can make things ________ if you’re not ________ ________ your words. 【答案】 ①. Texting ②. worse ③. careful ④. with 【解析】 【详解】中文句子中关键词是“发消息”、“更糟”、“用词不慎”。第一空：中文“发消息”在句中作主语，应用动名词Texting。第二空：“更糟”应用bad的比较级worse。第三、四空：中文“用词不慎”即“对措辞不小心”，对应短语be not careful with。 13. 如果我有好消息，我会马上给你打电话。 If I have good ________, I ________ call you ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. news ②. will ③. right##at ④. away##once 【解析】 【详解】原句中“消息”、“会”和“马上”是关键词，“消息”对应的英文是news，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；“马上”对应的短语是at once或right away；if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，第二空填助动词will。 14. ——我们该如何为未来做好准备? ——坚持学习, 努力奋斗。 —How can we ________ ________ the future? —________ learning and working ________. 【答案】 ①. prepare ②. for ③. Keep ④. hard 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一、二空填“为……做好准备”，其英文表达是“prepare for”，情态动词“can”后接动词原形“prepare”；第三空填“坚持”，且句子为祈使句，动词用原形开头，“Keep doing sth.”意为“坚持做某事”，句首首字母需大写，故填Keep；第四空根据中文“努力奋斗”可知，“努力”修饰动词“working”，需用副词“hard”。 15. ——我们怎样才能更好地沟通？ ——注意你的肢体语言和言辞表达。 —How can we ________ better? —________ ________ to your body ________ and your words. 【答案】 ①. communicate ②. Pay ③. attention ④. language 【解析】 【详解】原句中“沟通”、“注意”和“肢体语言”是关键词，“沟通”对应的英语动词是communicate，情态动词can后需接动词原形；pay attention to“注意”，由于该句是祈使句，第二空用动词原形，位于句首，第一个单词首字母需大写；“肢体语言”对应的英语表达是body language。 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分） 选出划线单词的词类 16. Students probably won’t go to a school in the future. ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.数词 B.介词 C.动词 D.冠词 ________ A.连词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.介词 ________ A.连词 B.冠词 C.代词 D.数词 17. Wow! Two cute boys and I read an interesting book today. ________ A.连词 B.名词 C.代词 D.感叹词 ________ A.冠词 B.数词 C.形容词 D.副词 ________ A.动词 B.数词 C.形容词 D.介词 ________ A.名词 B.动词 C.数词 D.连词 ________ A.代词 B.动词 C.形容词 D.副词 【答案】16. ①. A ②. D ③. C ④. D ⑤. B 17. ①. D ②. B ③. C ④. D ⑤. A 【解析】 【16题详解】 句意：学生们将来可能不会去学校。 Students意为“学生们”，表示人，在句中作主语，属于名词。 probably意为“可能”，用来修饰动词won’t go，属于副词。 go意为“去”，在句中作谓语，属于动词。 to用来连接动词go和宾语a school，属于介词。 the是定冠词，修饰名词future，属于冠词。 【17题详解】 句意：哇！两个可爱的男孩和我今天读了一本有趣的书。 Wow意为“哇”，用来抒发感叹情绪，属于感叹词。 Two意为“二”，表示数量，修饰名词boys，属于数词。 cute意为“可爱的”，修饰名词boys、描述人物特征，属于形容词。 and用来连接boys和I两个并列成分，意为“和”，属于连词。 I意为“我”，指代说话人，在句中作主语，属于代词。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 （A） Spring break (春假) is here! It’s a great time to have fun and try new things. Here are some ideas for you. ★Have a picnic Go to a park near your home. Bring a picnic blanket (野餐垫) and some drinks and snacks. You can play games or just enjoy the sun. It’s a great way to spend time with family and enjoy the fresh air. ★Visit an amusement park (游乐园) If you like excitement, try an amusement park. Ride roller coasters (坐过山车) and play fun games. The thrills (刺激) and laughter will make it a day to remember. Don’t forget to take pictures with your family! ★Go on a road trip It is great to explore new places without going too far. Get in the car and go somewhere new. It can be a nearby city or a national park. Enjoy some family bonding (联络感情) time on the open road. You’ll make wonderful memories while discovering new places along the way. ★Plan a museum day Many museums offer fun, hands-on activities for kids. You might see dinosaur bones (恐龙骨头), old paintings, or even try a cool science experiment. It’s a great way to explore something new indoors. ★Go hiking If your family enjoys the outdoors, take advantage of (利用) the spring weather with a family hike. Find a trail (小径) near you and walk in nature. You can look for birds, flowers, or just enjoy the quiet. You can even bring your dog! No matter what you do, make sure you enjoy your spring break! 18. What do you need to bring for a picnic in the park? A. A bike and a book. B. A picnic blanket, drinks and snacks. C. A dog and a trail map. D. A camera and old paintings. 19. Which activity means getting in the car to visit new places? A. Have a picnic. B. Go hiking. C. Go on a road trip. D. Visit a museum. 20. What can you NOT see or do in a museum? A. See dinosaur bones. B. Enjoy the sun. C. See old paintings. D. Try science experiments. 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文向大家推荐了5种适合春假开展的趣味活动，包括野餐、逛游乐园、短途自驾、博物馆一日游和家庭徒步，帮大家在春假玩得尽兴、留下美好回忆。 【18题详解】 根据文章第二段“Bring a picnic blanket (野餐垫) and some drinks and snacks.”可知，野餐需要带上野餐垫、饮料和小吃。 【19题详解】 根据文章第四段“Go on a road trip...Get in the car and go somewhere new.”可知，开车去参观新地方指的是公路旅行。 【20题详解】 根据文章第五段“You might see dinosaur bones (恐龙骨头), old paintings, or even try a cool science experiment.”可知，在博物馆可以看到恐龙骨头、旧画作或尝试科学实验，不能在博物馆晒太阳。 （B） What is the most difficult part of high school? Making friends, taking tests, or growing up? The answer could be any of these things. But for many students, the hardest thing is waking up early in the morning. During their teenage (青少年时期的) years, young people’s bodies go through many changes. One important change is that they naturally (自然地) fall asleep later at night. This is not because they want to stay up late—it is part of their growth. Because of this, getting up early for school becomes very hard. When students do not get enough good sleep, their health can suffer (变糟). They may feel tired, find it hard to pay attention in class, or even feel sad more often. A new study shows that having flexible (灵活的) school start times may help students get more sleep and do better in school. The study looked at a high school in Switzerland. In 2022, the school began letting students choose their own start time. Students could choose to start at 7: 30 am—just 10 minutes later than before—or at 8: 30 am. Most students chose the later time. As a result (结果), they got about 45 more minutes of sleep on school days. They reported fewer sleep problems, better health, and improved grades in English and maths. Getting more sleep helped them feel more awake in class and more ready to learn. According to the findings of the study, starting school later can really improve teenagers’ health. When students sleep better, they feel better—both in body and mind. 21. What is the hardest thing for many high school students? A. Making friends. B. Taking tests. C. Waking up early. D. Growing up. 22. Why is it hard for teenagers to get up early? A. They like staying up late. B. Their bodies make them sleep later at night. C. They have too much homework. D. They don’t like school. 23. What is the result of starting school later? A. Students slept less every day. B. Students had worse health. C. Students’ grades in English and maths improved. D. Students were more sleepy in class. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文指出高中生早起上学是普遍难题，解释了青少年生理发育导致晚睡、缺睡影响健康和学习的原因，还介绍了瑞士一所高中推行弹性上学时间的研究，证实延后到校能增加学生睡眠、改善健康和学业表现。 【21题详解】 根据文章第一段“But for many students, the hardest thing is waking up early in the morning.”可知，对许多高中生来说最难的是早起。 【22题详解】 根据文章第二段“One important change is that they naturally fall asleep later at night. This is not because they want to stay up late—it is part of their growth.”可知，青少年早起困难是因为身体发育导致自然入睡时间变晚，而非主观喜欢熬夜。 【23题详解】 根据文章第四段“They reported fewer sleep problems, better health, and improved grades in English and maths.”可知，推迟上学时间的结果是成绩提高。 (C) There are different kinds of sports. Some are non-contact (非接触) sports, such as tennis and swimming. Others are contact sports, such as football and basketball. Some believe kids should not play contact sports. Others think the benefits are greater than the risks (风险). We asked some kids for their thoughts. Nancy, 13 Kids should be able to play contact sports. If we limit (限制) their choices, they might lose interest in playing sports. Almost all sports have a risk of injury (损伤). Football is a contact sport, but the risk of getting a serious injury is actually quite low. Lincoln, 13 Kids should not play any type of contact sport. Contact sports are dangerous, even for adults. If adults can get hurt, children can get hurt more easily. Some kids may get badly hurt from contact sports. Also, some parents push kids too hard. This can take all the fun out of sports. Julian, 14 Almost all sports have some contact. Contact sports might come with risks, but they teach us about teamwork. This helps build communication skills. Contact sports also help kids learn about competition and sportsmanship (竞争和体育精神). Mary, 13 Kids should not play contact sports until they’re older. Their bones and muscles (肌肉) are still growing. Hard hits can cause serious injuries. These injuries may last their whole life. Children can still have fun by swimming, running, or playing tennis. When they grow bigger, they can try contact sports more safely. 24. Which of the following is a non-contact sport? A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Swimming. D. Boxing. 25. What does Nancy think of contact sports for kids? A. Kids must not play them at all. B. Kids can play them and the serious injury risk is low. C. Kids should play them only when they grow up. D. Contact sports have no risk of injury. 26. Why does Lincoln disagree with kids playing contact sports? A. Kids can learn teamwork from them. B. They are cheap and easy to play. C. Kids get hurt more easily and may lose sports fun. D. They can help kids build communication skills. 27. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. All contact sports will surely hurt kids seriously. B. Different kids have different opinions on contact sports. C. Non-contact sports are totally (完全地) boring for teenagers. D. Parents never care about their kids’ sports safety. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了针对“孩子是否应该参与接触式运动”这一争议话题，4位青少年分别给出的不同观点，涵盖支持、反对、分年龄段看待等不同立场，同时提及了接触式运动的利弊相关讨论。 【24题详解】 根据文章第一段“Some are non-contact sports, such as tennis and swimming.”可知，游泳属于非接触式运动。 【25题详解】 根据Nancy的观点“Kids should be able to play contact sports.”以及“Football is a contact sport, but the risk of getting a serious injury is actually quite low.”可知，她认为孩子可以参加接触式运动，且严重受伤风险较低。 【26题详解】 根据Lincoln的观点“If adults can get hurt, children can get hurt more easily.”以及“This can take all the fun out of sports.”可知，他反对的原因是孩子容易受伤且可能失去运动乐趣。 【27题详解】 通读全文可知，文章采访了Nancy、Lincoln、Julian和Mary四位孩子，Nancy和Julian倾向于支持或看到好处，而Lincoln和Mary倾向于反对或建议长大后参加。这表明不同的孩子对接触式运动有不同的看法。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 In the US, teenagers over the age of 14 sometimes have part-time jobs. But why do teenagers do this? ____28____ Some might want to save money for something big, like buying a car. ____29____ Children aged 14-15 can only work when they are not in school. They can work up to 3 hours a day on school days, and 18 hours in all during a school week. They can work up to 8 hours on a non-school day, and 40 hours in all for a non-school week. ____30____ Usually, they can only work from 7 am to 7 pm. However, from June 1st to Labor Day, they can work between 7 am and 9 pm. For children of sixteen or seventeen, they have more freedom in choosing working time. ____31____ Having a part-time job is helpful for the US teenagers. ____32____ And it gives them skills and experience. This will help them get a full-time job later in life. A. And there are limits (限制) to working time in a day. B. Some teenagers do it to get some pocket money. C. They don’t have strict limits on working hours like younger teens. D. They can know well what the real working world is like. E. There are also rules about how many hours they can work each day. F. It is not easy for them to find a good part-time job. 【答案】28. B 29. E 30. A 31. C 32. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国青少年兼职的原因、不同年龄段的工作时间规定以及兼职带来的好处。 【28题详解】 根据空格前面“But why do teenagers do this?”可知，此处应回答青少年兼职的原因，选项B的“一些青少年这样做是为了赚取零花钱”符合语境。 【29题详解】 根据空格后的“Children aged 14-15 can only work when they are not in school.”可知，本段主要讲述关于工作时长的规定，选项E的“还有关于他们每天可以工作多少小时的规定”可以统领全段，符合题意。 【30题详解】 根据空格后的“Usually, they can only work from 7 am to 7 pm.”可知，此处应提及关于具体工作时间段的限制，选项A的“每天的工作时间也是有限制的”承上启下，符合题意。 【31题详解】 根据空格前面“For children of sixteen or seventeen, they have more freedom in choosing working time.”可知，此处应说明十六七岁的青少年自由选择工作时间的具体表现，选项C的“他们不像低龄青少年那样对工作时间有严格限制”符合题意。 【32题详解】 根据空格前面的“Having a part-time job is helpful for the US teenagers.”可知，此处应列举兼职的具体好处，选项D的“他们能很好地了解真实的工作世界是什么样子”符合题意。 第三部分 语言知识应用（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We all have teachers we don’t really like. However, it’s not wise to ____33____ on a subject just because of the teacher. Even if you don’t get along with the teacher, it doesn’t mean the class is ____34____. Learning is one of the important ____35____ we’re in school. Try ____36____ your focus from “I don’t like this teacher!” to “What can I learn here?”. Give you and your teacher a chance ____37____ things out. Try putting yourself in their shoes. Nobody’s perfect. With so many students in one class, it’s normal to feel ____38____ or stressed (有压力的) sometimes. Why not ____39____ a good time to talk and clear up the misunderstanding? Most teachers are ready ____40____. And even if the misunderstanding doesn’t go away, speaking up will make you feel much ____41____. See this experience as a chance to grow. As you go through life, you’ll meet many people you don’t get along with. By ____42____ how to manage (管理) your feelings and work through problems now, you’re building skills. They will help you in the future. That’s pretty amazing progress, isn’t it? 33. A. give away B. give up C. give in D. give out 34. A. useful B. useless C. polite D. impolite 35. A. reason B. way C. ways D. reasons 36. A. change B. use C. to change D. to use 37. A. work B. to work C. working D. works 38. A. tire B. tiring C. more tiring D. tired 39. A. find B. to find C. found D. finds 40. A. listen B. to listen C. listened D. listens 41. A. good B. better C. best D. more better 42. A. learn B. to learning C. learning D. learned 【答案】33. B 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文告诉我们不要因为不喜欢老师就放弃一门学科，即便和老师相处不好，也可以主动沟通化解误会；学会处理人际关系与负面情绪，能为今后的人生积累重要能力。 【33题详解】 句意：然而，仅仅因为老师就放弃一门学科是不明智的。 give up“放弃”，give up a subject符合放弃学科的语境。give away“赠送”，give in“屈服”，give out“分发”，均不符合句意。 【34题详解】 句意：就算你和老师合不来，也不代表这门课毫无用处。 useless“无用的”，前后形成让步转折，说明课程本身有价值。useful“有用的”，polite“有礼貌的”，impolite“无礼的”，均逻辑不通。 【35题详解】 句意：学习是我们在校最重要的理由之一。 one of后接可数名词复数，reasons“理由”符合语法与文意。reason“理由（单数）”，way“方法（单数）”，ways“方法（复数）”，均不匹配句子含义。 【36题详解】 句意：试着把你的关注点从“我不喜欢这个老师”转变为“我能在这里学到什么”。 固定搭配try to do sth.“试着做某事”，to change“去改变”符合语法。change“改变（原形）”，use“使用（原形）”，to use“去使用”，均不符合搭配与句意。 【37题详解】 句意：给你和老师一个机会把事情说清楚。 固定搭配a chance to do sth.，to work为不定式作后置定语。work“工作（原形）”，working“工作（动名词）”，works“工作（三单）”，均不符合语法结构。 【38题详解】 句意：一个班里学生众多，有时感到疲惫或有压力是很正常的。 修饰人作表语用-ed形容词，tired“感到疲惫的”符合用法。tire“使疲惫（动词）”，tiring“令人疲惫的（修饰事物）”，more tiring“更令人疲惫的”，均不符合修饰人的规则。 【39题详解】 句意：为什么不找一个合适的时间沟通，消除误会？ 固定句型Why not+动词原形，find“寻找”符合句型要求。to find（不定式），found（过去式），finds（三单），均不符合句型结构。 【40题详解】 句意：大多数老师都愿意倾听。 固定搭配be ready to do sth.，to listen“去倾听”符合语法。listen“倾听（原形）”，listened“倾听（过去式）”，listens“倾听（三单）”，均不匹配固定搭配。 【41题详解】 句意：即便误会无法消除，说出来也会让你舒服很多。 much后加形容词比较级，better“更好的、更舒心的”符合语法。good“好的（原级）”，best“最好的（最高级）”，more better（形式错误），均不符合比较级用法。 【42题详解】 句意：通过现在学习管理自身情绪、解决问题，你正在培养实用技能。 介词By后接动名词作宾语，learning“学习”符合语法。learn“学习（原形）”，to learning（搭配错误），learned“学习（过去分词）”，均不匹配介词用法。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever noticed (注意到) that you feel happier on sunny days but want to stay in bed on rainy days? You are not alone. Weather actually has ____43____ strong influence on how we feel and think. Sunshine is good ____44____ our mind. When sunlight touches our skin, our body makes vitamin D. This vitamin helps our brain release serotonin (释放血清素), making us feel happy, calm and focused. That is why many people feel full of energy on sunny days. Rainy days, however, can do the opposite (相反). When the sky turns gray and there is less light, our brain produces less serotonin and more melatonin (褪黑素). Melatonin can make us feel ____45____ (sleep). So when it rains, we often feel tired or a little down. But here is something interesting: some people love the sound of rain. To them, it feels calm and helps ____46____ (they) relax. ____47____ (snow) days bring a mix of feelings. Most children can’t wait ____48____ the snow. They can build snowmen and have snowball fights ____49____ (happy). But for adults, heavy snow can cause problems and make travel difficult. Extreme weather (极端天气) can also affect our mental health. When it gets very hot, we may ____50____ (feel) uncomfortable and get angry easily. Storms can bring feelings of fear and worry. And for some, just the sound of strong winds can make them nervous. The good news is that we can learn to manage (管理) our feelings. On dark, rainy days, we can turn ____51____ bright lights or do something we enjoy. When the sun is shining, getting outside is a great choice. Once we know how the weather affects us, we can take small steps ____52____ (keep) ourselves in a good mood (情绪). 【答案】43. a 44. for 45. sleepy 46. them 47. Snowy 48. for 49. happily 50. feel 51. on 52. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了天气会影响人的情绪：晴天使人精神愉悦，雨天易让人困倦低落，下雪天给孩子带来快乐却给成人添出行麻烦，极端天气容易让人烦躁焦虑。我们可以采取一些办法调节心情，保持良好状态。 【43题详解】 句意：天气其实会对我们的情绪与思考产生很大影响。have an influence on是固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。influence前有以辅音音素开头的形容词strong，故填不定冠词a。 【44题详解】 句意：阳光有益于我们的精神状态。be good for是固定搭配，意为“对……有益”。故填for。 【45题详解】 句意：褪黑素会让人昏昏欲睡。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语。故填sleepy。 【46题详解】 句意：雨声能让他们内心平静，帮助他们放松。help是动词，后接人称代词宾格。故填them。 【47题详解】 句意：下雪天带给人们复杂的感受。修饰名词days需用形容词，且句首需首字母大写，故填Snowy。 【48题详解】 句意：大多数孩子都盼着下雪。can’t wait for sth.是固定搭配，意为“对某事/某物迫不及待”。故填for。 【49题详解】 句意：他们可以堆雪人、开心地打雪仗。修饰动词短语have snowball fights需用副词，故填happily。 【50题详解】 句意：酷暑天，我们容易浑身不适、动不动发火。情态动词may后接动词原形，故填feel。 【51题详解】 句意：阴沉的雨天，我们可以打开明亮的灯，或是做点自己喜欢的事。根据上文以及前一句“The good news is that we can learn to manage our feelings.”可知，这里指雨天我们应该打开明亮的灯。turn on意为“打开（灯、电器等）”，故填on。 【52题详解】 句意：一旦我们了解天气如何左右情绪，就能做些小事，让自己保持好心情。根据语境可知，“keep ourselves in a good mood”是“take small steps”的目的，应用动词不定式。故填to keep。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） Healthy eating is about choosing the right foods to help our bodies grow strong. In daily life, we need a mix of fruits, vegetables, proteins and grains (蛋白质和谷物). Foods like burgers and sweets are tasty, but eating them too often may cause problems. From a young age, Ethan had a sweet tooth. He loved eating pizza, fries, and burgers, and he always drank milkshakes, cola, or other sugary (含糖的) drinks. The sweeter it was, the more he liked it. One morning, his mum said, “This has to stop, Ethan. You’re eating far too much sugar.” “Why? I love sugar,” Ethan smiled happily. “Just look at what you’re eating for breakfast,” said his mum. Ethan looked at the food in front of him and felt good. “I’m having juice, cereal (麦片), and a donut (甜甜圈),” he said. Then, he took a bite of his donut. He chewed (咀嚼), but suddenly stopped as a sharp pain (痛) shot through his teeth. “Ow!” he cried, and held the right side of his face. “Ethan, you have to go to the dentist (看牙医).” “No, I won’t! It’s the most terrifying thing,” Ethan said. He took another bite, but his teeth were really painful. “Why do all the delicious foods have to be bad for me?” he asked. “Your favourite foods are full of sugar and fat. You need good food for healthy teeth, eyes, and even your brain!” she explained. “If you don’t choose healthier food, I won’t buy any fast food or sweets.” “That’s not fair!” Ethan said. His mother grew more serious. “Tomorrow morning you’ll have eggs, toast without jam (不加果酱的吐司), bacon (培根), some fresh fruit, and a glass of milk.” “No sweets at all?” Ethan asked in shock. “No. And no sweets in your lunch either. You’ll have yogurt or fresh fruit for dessert.” “Okay, fine,” Ethan said. He didn’t want to agree, but another sharp tooth pain made him give in (屈服). Maybe he really needed to see a dentist. 53. What is healthy eating? _________________________________________________________________________ 54. What foods did Ethan like eating from a young age? _________________________________________________________________________ 55. 划线句子的汉语意思是什么？ _________________________________________________________________________ 56. What did Ethan’s mother ask him to do? _________________________________________________________________________ 57. What will Ethan eat for breakfast the next morning? _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】53. Healthy eating is about choosing the right foods to help our bodies grow strong. 54. He loved eating pizza, fries, burgers and drinking milkshakes, cola and other sugary drinks. 55. 越甜他就越喜欢。 56. She asked him to eat healthier food, stop eating too much fast food and sweets, and go to see the dentist. 57. He will have eggs, toast without jam, bacon, some fresh fruit and a glass of milk. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩Ethan因爱吃甜食导致牙痛，母亲建议他健康饮食并去看牙医的故事。 【53题详解】 第一段“Healthy eating is about choosing the right foods to help our bodies grow strong.”说明健康饮食是关于选择正确的食物来帮助我们的身体长得强壮，直接提取。 【54题详解】 第二段“He loved eating pizza, fries, and burgers, and he always drank milkshakes, cola, or other sugary (含糖的) drinks.”介绍了Ethan从小喜欢的食物，直接提取。 【55题详解】 “The sweeter it was, the more he liked it.”翻译为“越甜他就越喜欢。”，其中“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，翻译为“越……，就越……”；“sweeter”翻译为“更甜的”；“liked”翻译为“喜欢”。 【56题详解】 第七段“Ethan, you have to go to the dentist (看牙医).”及第十段“If you don’t choose healthier food, I won’t buy any fast food or sweets.”说明妈妈让他吃更健康的食物，停止吃太多快餐和甜食，去看牙医，答案可整合为“She asked him to eat healthier food, stop eating too much fast food and sweets, and go to see the dentist.” 【57题详解】 倒数第四段“Tomorrow morning you’ll have eggs, toast without jam (不加果酱的吐司), bacon (培根), some fresh fruit, and a glass of milk.”点明第二天早上要吃的食物，直接提取。 第二节 写作（满分 15 分） 58. 假设你是李华，你们学校将在下个周对学生进行体育测试。你作为体育委员，请写一则爱心小贴士，提醒同学们在体测期间的注意事项。提示信息： 1. 穿舒适的衣服和鞋子； 2. 吃早饭； 3. 提前热身； 4. 做能力范围内的运动； 5. 运动后不要喝冷饮…… 要求：不少于70词；包含所给信息，可适当发挥；已给出的单词不计入总词数。 Tips for PE Test Dear classmates, Our school will have a PE test next week. Here are some useful tips for you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wish all of you good grades! Li Hua 【答案】例文 Tips for PE Test Dear classmates, Our school will have a PE test next week. Here are some useful tips for you. Please wear comfortable clothes and shoes to avoid falls and accidents. It’s important to have breakfast on that day, but do not eat too much. A good breakfast will give you enough energy for the test. Remember to warm up first. You can jog for a few minutes or do some light activities, so you will be less likely to get hurt. Also, do sports within your ability. If you don’t feel well, turn to your teacher for help. What’s more, never drink cold drinks right away after the test. Wish all of you good grades! Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（爱心小贴士/建议信），以一般现在时和祈使句为主，语气亲切、实用。 明确要点：必须涵盖所给五项提示（穿着、早餐、热身、量力而行、运动后不喝冷饮），可适当补充理由或具体做法。 确定人称：第一人称（I，以体育委员李华身份）和第二人称（you，直接面向同学们），也可用we拉近距离。 注意事项：已给出开头和结尾，正文需连贯补充；不得出现真实校名或姓名。 [第二步：构思布局] 采用“总—分—总”三段结构（已提供开头和结尾）： 开头段（已给）：说明体测即将到来，引出建议。 主体段：按要点顺序逐条展开，每一条先提建议，再简述理由或具体做法，使内容充实。 结尾段（已给）：表达祝愿，可适当调整。 主体部分可使用连接词（Please/It’s important to/Remember to/Also/What’s more）使逻辑清晰。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一（穿着）：Wear comfortable clothes and shoes – 可补充目的（to avoid falls and accidents）。 要点二（早餐）：Have breakfast but not too much – 说明好处（give enough energy for the test）。 要点三（热身）：Warm up first – 举例（jog for a few minutes or do light activities）并指出作用（less likely to get hurt）。 要点四（量力而行）：Do sports within your ability – 补充应对（If you don’t feel well, ask your teacher for help）。 要点五（冷饮）：Never drink cold drinks right away after the test – 强调时间（immediately after）。 参考句型与词汇 建议句：Please.../It’s important to.../Remember to.../Also.../What’s more... 理由表达：so that.../because.../will give you.../so you will be less likely to... 结尾祝愿：Wish all of you good grades!/I hope you can all get good results. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $