摘要:
本初中英语讲义围绕“为家庭做什么”主题,系统梳理10个核心知识点,从日常动作短语(如pack up, hang up)到社交互动(invite friends)、情感表达(can't wait to do)、实用技能(add things, borrow/lend/keep)等,形成连贯的生活场景学习支架,助力学生构建完整的语言知识网络。
资料通过用法说明、例句拓展、易混词辨析(如borrow/lend/keep)及“小试牛刀”练习,强化语言能力培养,提升思维品质。如invite的动词短语与名词invitation的关联学习,帮助学生掌握词形转换策略,课中辅助教师高效授课,课后助力学生自查补缺,巩固语言应用能力。
内容正文:
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
Section A What can you do for your home?
1. pack up things 打包东西 (P12, 1a)
▶ pack up 意为“收拾行李/物品;打包”。
Eg1:My sister has to pack up our clothes for the school trip .
我妹妹不得不收拾行李准备学校旅行。
Eg2:She packed up her shoes and left home
她收拾好鞋子离开了家。
小试牛刀
I need to ______ ______ my books before my father comes.
我需要在我爸爸来之前把我的书籍打包好。
2. hang up photos 挂照片(P12, 1a)
▶ hang up 的常见用法:
- 意为“挂起”。Eg:Let’s hang up these pictures in the living room.
让我们一起把这些图片挂到客厅吧。
- 意为“挂断电话”。Eg:Don’t hang up! I still have some problems.
别挂电话!我还有一些问题。
小试牛刀
(1)说完再见后,她挂断了电话。
After saying goodbye, she ______ ______ the phone.
(2)把你的外套挂在钩子上。
______ ______ your sweater on the hook.
3. invite friends to the new house 邀请朋友去新房子(P12, 1c)
▶ invite 动词,意为“邀请”,常见搭配:
(1)invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to sp.邀请某人去某地
拓展 invite 的名词为 invitation,与 invitation 相关的短语有:
(1)make an invitation 发出邀请
(2)accept an invitation 接受邀请
(3)turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请
▶注意和发明invent的区分;n.invention(发明);n.inventor(发明家)
配套Eg:
My friend ______(邀请)me to take part in her birthday party just now.
我朋友邀请我参加她的生日聚会。
I’m pleased to receive your ______(邀请).
我很高兴接到你的邀请。
小试牛刀
(1) Lily invited me ______ (sing) a song for them.
(2)I sent an ______ (invite) to my American friends.
4. I can’t wait to show them our new house! 我等不及要带他们看看我们的新房子了!(P13, 2a)
▶ can’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待地做某事”。
Eg:I can’t wait to watch the movies with Mary at weekends.
我迫不及待想和Mary一起周末看电影。
拓展 wait for 等候(后接名词、代词)
Eg:I usually wait for my father for 2 hours at school.
我经常放学后等我爸爸两小时。
小试牛刀
How nice the birthday cake looks! I can’t wait ______ (taste).
5. add things to their room 给他们的房间添东西(P14, 2c)
▶ add 作及物动词,意为“添加;加”;常用搭配:
(1)add sth. to sth. 把……加入……
(2)add...into... 把……插入/混入……
Eg:Add some salt to the soup. 往汤里加点盐。
拓展
(1)add 作不及物动词,意为“增加、增添……”,后接宾语时需加介词 to。
Eg:The heavy snow adds to the trouble of our school trip.
大雪给我们的学校旅行增添了麻烦。
(2)add up to 意为“加起来总和是……”。
Eg:All the scores add up to 65. It’s terrible.
所有分数加起来总分是65.太糟糕了。
小试牛刀
(1)Her encouragement added ______ the confidence of the game.
(2)Let me add it ______ my learning list.
6. borrow a chess set 借一副国际象棋(P14, 2e)
▶辨析 borrow, lend 与 keep
单词
含义
用法说明
例句
borrow
借入
非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西,常用结构:borrow sth. from sb.
I borrow some money from my boss. 我向我的老板借了一些钱。
lend
借出
非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人,常用结构:lend sb. sth.或 lend sth. to sb.
I lend my computer to my deskmate. 我把电脑借给了同桌。
keep
借(多久)
延续性动词,表示“借某物多长时间”,与表示一段时间的状语连用
You can’t keep the book for two years.It’s too long.你不能这本书借2年,太长了。
小试牛刀
(1) Tom, could I borrow a ruler ______ her?
(2) Could you lend your storybook ______ us?
(3) They can keep these comics ______ three weeks.
7. plan a treasure hunt 计划一次寻宝游戏 (P14, 2e)
▶ plan 此处用作及物动词,意为“策划;打算”;其现在分词为 planning,过去式、过去分词均为 planned。plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”。
Eg:We plan ______(爬) the mountain this weekend.
我们计划这周末去爬山。
拓展 plan 也可用作名词,意为“计划;方案”。后面可接介词 for 表示计划的对象。
Eg:What’s your plan for the coming holiday?
对于即将到来的暑假,你有什么计划吗?
小试牛刀
I plan ______ (finish) my task within 2 hours.
8. Dad, could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon? 爸爸,今天下午你能开车顺便送我去商店吗?(P14, 2e)
▶ give sb. a lift 动词短语,意为“开车顺便送某人”,相当于 give sb. a ride/give a ride to sb.。
Eg:My aunt is ready to give me a lift.
我阿姨很乐意顺路捎我一程。
小试牛刀
Mr. Green gave me ______ lift to the bus station.
9. Can I stay out until eleven? 我能在外面待到十一点吗?(P15, 3b)
▶ until conj. & prep. 到……时;直到……为止;常用短语 not...until...表示“直到……才……”。在口语中,还可使用 till 代替 until。
Eg:Do your homework until you finish it.
做作业直到你完成。
Eg:I didn’t watch TV until my father came.
直到我爸回来,我才看电视。
注意并非所有情况下都能用 not...until...结构,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的,就不能用此结构。
Eg:We stood outside until the sun went down. 我们一直在外面站到日落。
小试牛刀
昨晚,。
They didn’t leave the park ______ it started to rain last night.
10. You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. 你想给父母打电话,但手机没电了。(P15, 3c)
▶ dead 形容词,意为“不运行的;死的”;dying形容词,意为“奄奄一息的”。
death 名词,意为“死亡”,die动词,死去,现在分词为dying.
Eg:His dog was dead last month. 他的狗上个月去世了。
辨析 dead 与 die
单词
词性&含义
例句
dead
形容词,“不运行的;死的”
My grandma has been dead for seven years. 外祖母已经离世七年了。
die
不及物动词,“死,死亡”
The poor cat will die if we don’t send it to the hospital in time . 如果我们不及时送这只可怜的狗去医院,他将会死去。
小试牛刀
1. My mobile phone was ______ (die) last night so no one could connect me.
2. The ______(die) capital hugged the ______(die) solider tightly.They were waiting for ______(die) together.
3. The______ (die)of his father gives him a heavy blow suddenly.
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home讲义答案
Section A What can you do for your home?
1. pack up things 打包东西 (P12, 1a)
▶ pack up 意为“收拾行李/物品;打包”。
Eg1:My sister has to pack up our clothes for the school trip .
我妹妹不得不收拾行李准备学校旅行。
Eg2:She packed up her shoes and left home
她收拾好鞋子离开了家。
小试牛刀
I need to __pack up__ my books before my father comes.
我需要在我爸爸来之前把我的书籍打包好。
2. hang up photos 挂照片(P12, 1a)
▶ hang up 的常见用法:
- 意为“挂起”。Eg:Let’s hang up these pictures in the living room.
让我们一起把这些图片挂到客厅吧。
- 意为“挂断电话”。Eg:Don’t hang up! I still have some problems.
别挂电话!我还有一些问题。
小试牛刀
(1)说完再见后,她挂断了电话。
After saying goodbye, she __hung up__ the phone.
(2)把你的外套挂在钩子上。
__Hang up__ your sweater on the hook.
3. invite friends to the new house 邀请朋友去新房子(P12, 1c)
▶ invite 动词,意为“邀请”,常见搭配:
(1)invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to sp.邀请某人去某地
拓展 invite 的名词为 invitation,与 invitation 相关的短语有:
(1)make an invitation 发出邀请
(2)accept an invitation 接受邀请
(3)turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请
▶注意和发明invent的区分;n.invention(发明);n.inventor(发明家)
配套Eg:
My friend __invited__ (邀请)me to take part in her birthday party just now.
我朋友邀请我参加她的生日聚会。
I’m pleased to receive your __invitation__ (邀请).
我很高兴接到你的邀请。
小试牛刀
(1)Lily invited me __to sing__ (sing) a song for them.
(2)I sent an __invitation__ (invite) to my American friends.
4. I can’t wait to show them our new house! 我等不及要带他们看看我们的新房子了!(P13, 2a)
▶ can’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待地做某事”。
Eg:I can’t wait to watch the movies with Mary at weekends.
我迫不及待想和Mary一起周末看电影。
拓展 wait for 等候(后接名词、代词)
Eg:I usually wait for my father for 2 hours at school.
我经常放学后等我爸爸两小时。
小试牛刀
How nice the birthday cake looks! I can’t wait __to taste__ (taste).
5. add things to their room 给他们的房间添东西(P14, 2c)
▶ add 作及物动词,意为“添加;加”;常用搭配:
(1)add sth. to sth. 把……加入……
(2)add...into... 把……插入/混入……
Eg:Add some salt to the soup. 往汤里加点盐。
拓展
(1)add 作不及物动词,意为“增加、增添……”,后接宾语时需加介词 to。
Eg:The heavy snow adds to the trouble of our school trip.
大雪给我们的学校旅行增添了麻烦。
(2)add up to 意为“加起来总和是……”。
Eg:All the scores add up to 65. It’s terrible.
所有分数加起来总分是65.太糟糕了。
小试牛刀
(1)Her encouragement added __to__ the confidence of the game.
(2)Let me add it __to__ my learning list.
6. borrow a chess set 借一副国际象棋(P14, 2e)
▶辨析 borrow, lend 与 keep
单词
含义
用法说明
例句
borrow
借入
非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西,常用结构:borrow sth. from sb.
I borrow some money from my boss. 我向我的老板借了一些钱。
lend
借出
非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人,常用结构:lend sb. sth.或 lend sth. to sb.
I lend my computer to my deskmate. 我把电脑借给了同桌。
keep
借(多久)
延续性动词,表示“借某物多长时间”,与表示一段时间的状语连用
You can’t keep the book for two years.It’s too long.你不能这本书借2年,太长了。
小试牛刀
(1) Tom, could I borrow a ruler __from__ her?
(2) Could you lend your storybook __to__ us?
(3) They can keep these comics __for__ three weeks.
7. plan a treasure hunt 计划一次寻宝游戏 (P14, 2e)
▶ plan 此处用作及物动词,意为“策划;打算”;其现在分词为 planning,过去式、过去分词均为 planned。plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”。
Eg:We plan __to climb__ (爬) the mountain this weekend.
我们计划这周末去爬山。
拓展 plan 也可用作名词,意为“计划;方案”。后面可接介词 for 表示计划的对象。
Eg:What’s your plan for the coming holiday?
对于即将到来的暑假,你有什么计划吗?
小试牛刀
I plan __to finish__ (finish) my task within 2 hours.
8. Dad, could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon? 爸爸,今天下午你能开车顺便送我去商店吗?(P14, 2e)
▶ give sb. a lift 动词短语,意为“开车顺便送某人”,相当于 give sb. a ride/give a ride to sb.。
Eg:My aunt is ready to give me a lift.
我阿姨很乐意顺路捎我一程。
小试牛刀
Mr. Green gave me __a__ lift to the bus station.
9. Can I stay out until eleven? 我能在外面待到十一点吗?(P15, 3b)
▶ until conj. & prep. 到……时;直到……为止;常用短语 not...until...表示“直到……才……”。在口语中,还可使用 till 代替 until。
Eg:Do your homework until you finish it.
做作业直到你完成。
Eg:I didn’t watch TV until my father came.
直到我爸回来,我才看电视。
注意并非所有情况下都能用 not...until...结构,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的,就不能用此结构。
Eg:We stood outside until the sun went down. 我们一直在外面站到日落。
小试牛刀
昨晚,。
They didn’t leave the park __until__ it started to rain last night.
10. You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. 你想给父母打电话,但手机没电了。(P15, 3c)
▶ dead 形容词,意为“不运行的;死的”;dying形容词,意为“奄奄一息的”。
death 名词,意为“死亡”,die动词,死去,现在分词为dying.
Eg:His dog was dead last month. 他的狗上个月去世了。
辨析 dead 与 die
单词
词性&含义
例句
dead
形容词,“不运行的;死的”
My grandma has been dead for seven years. 外祖母已经离世七年了。
die
不及物动词,“死,死亡”
The poor cat will die if we don’t send it to the hospital in time . 如果我们不及时送这只可怜的狗去医院,他将会死去。
小试牛刀
1.My mobile phone was __dead__ (die) last night so no one could connect me.
2.The __dying__ (die) captain hugged the __dying__ soldier tightly.They were waiting for __death__ (die) together.
3.The __death__ (die)of his father gives him a heavy blow suddenly.
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