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人教英语(2019)必修三教材回归课文填空Unit4--练习+答案与解析
Unit4: Space Exploration
【Reading and Thinking】(40-41)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
“Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design a vehicle ___1___(carry) astronauts into space to make important discoveries. Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope ___2___ (discover) other planets ____3___ are suitable enough ____4___ (support) life.
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt __5___ (travel) into space was only a dream ____6____could never come true. However, scientists were determined __7___ (realise) that dream. After many experiments, they succeeded in ___8___ (make) rockets _____9____ could escape Earth’s gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 10 (launch) by the USSR and ___11___ (successful) orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused ___12___ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 13 (enter) space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 14 (famous) saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” __15_____ (follow) this, there were many more important space achievements. For example, on 5 September 1977, America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still ___16___ (transmit) data to this day. And the International Space Station (1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, 17 astronauts from many different countries on board.
Although ___18___ (science) try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during ___19___ (them) missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire ____20___ (explore) the universe did not die. This is because people believe in the importance of 21 (carry) on space exploration despite the huge risks.
China’s space programme started later than __22___ (that) of Russia and the US, 23 it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world ___24__ (send) humans into space independently in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ___25___ (follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived ___26____ February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions ___27____ (establish) its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module 28 (signal) the ___29__ (basis) completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our ___30____ (understand) of the universe.
The future of space exploration remains bright. Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries 31 will enable the human race ___32____ (survive) well into the future.
【参考答案】
1.to carry 2.to discover 3.that/which 4.to support 5.travelling 6. that/which
7.to realise 8.making 9.that/which 10.was launched 11.successfully 12.on
13.to enter 14.famously 15. Following 16.transmits 17.with 18.scientists
19.their 20. to explore 21.carrying 22.those 23.but 24. to send
25.followed 26.in 27.to establish 28.signalled/signaled 29.basic 30.understanding
31.that/which 32.to survive
【文章导读】
本文追溯了人类探索太空的壮阔历程。从20世纪中叶前的梦想,到苏联发射首颗卫星、加加林首次进入太空、阿姆斯特朗登月,再到国际空间站建立,文章展现了太空探索的巨大跨越。同时,也客观提及挑战者号等事故带来的挫折,但强调人类探索宇宙的决心未灭。最后重点介绍了中国航天从神舟五号到天宫空间站的飞速发展,展望未来探索火星等更深远目标,彰显了太空探索对人类生存发展的重大意义。
【答案解析】
1. to carry
解析:此处名词a vehicle后接不定式作定语,表示“运载宇航员进入太空的飞行器”。
技巧:抽象名词或具体名词后常用不定式表目的或功能。
2. to discover
解析:hope to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“希望做某事”。 当谓语动词表示“希望、打算、计划、决定、同意、拒绝、”等意义时,通常会接不定式(to do)作宾语,这表示一个具体的、尚未发生的动作,并带有意图、计划或承诺等语义色彩。
技巧:一些表示“希望、打算、计划”动词后接不定式作宾语。
归纳:通常要求跟不定式作宾语不用动名词的动词有:
口诀一 :
决心学会想希望,(decide/determine/resolve, learn, want,hope/ wish/ expect/ desire/long)
拒绝设法愿假装。(refuse, manage, volunteer, pretend)
主动答应选计划,(offer, promise, choose, plan/intend)
同意请求帮一帮。(agree, ask/demand, help)
口诀二 :
准备打算提计划(prepare, intend/mean/want, offer, plan),
希望答应俩要求(hope/ wish/ expect/ desire/long, agree/ promise, demand/ask),
设法愿学做决定(manage, volunteer, learn, decide/determine/resolve),
拒绝假装在选择(refuse, pretend, choose)。
3. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词planets指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:定语从句缺主语,先行词指物。
4. to support
解析:suitable enough后接不定式,表示“足够适合(做)……”。
技巧:形容词+enough + to do,表“足够……去做”。
归纳:不定时作结果状语的结构有
形容词/副词+ enough to, too...to..., only to to, so...as to...
5. travelling/traveling)
解析:此处动名词短语作felt的宾语从句主语,表示“进入太空旅行”这一概念。
技巧:动名词作主语,谓语用单数。
6. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词dream指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:同第3空。
7. to realise
解析:be determined to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“决心做某事”。
技巧:形容词后接不定式。
8. making
解析:succeed in doing sth. 为固定搭配,in为介词,后接动名词。
技巧:介词后动词用-ing形式。
9. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词rockets指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:同第3空。
10. was launched
解析:Sputnik 1与launch为被动关系,且为1957年过去事件,用一般过去时被动was launched。
技巧:被动语态,主语为单数。
11. successfully
解析:修饰动词orbited需副词successfully。
技巧:副词修饰动词。
12. on
解析:focus on为固定搭配,意为“专注于”。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
13. to enter
解析:序数词(the first person)后接不定式作定语,表示“第一个进入太空的人”。
技巧:序数词/最高级+名词后接不定式。
14. famously
解析:修饰现在分词saying,用副词famously,表示“著名地说”。
技巧:副词修饰动词/分词。
15. Following
解析:Following this作时间状语,意为“在此之后”,为介词短语。注意首字母大写。
技巧:following作介词,表“在……之后”。
16. transmits
解析:描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语it为单数,故transmits。
技巧:时态一致,主谓一致。
17. with
解析:with astronauts... on board为介词短语作伴随状语,表示“有宇航员在船上”。
技巧:with表伴随,后接复合结构。
18. scientists
解析:谓语try为复数,主语需用复数scientists(科学家们)。
技巧:主谓一致,可数名词复数表泛指。
19. their
解析:修饰名词missions需用形容词性物主代词their(他们的)。
技巧:代词作定语用形容词性物主代词。
20. to explore
解析:desire后接不定式作定语,表示“探索宇宙的渴望”。
技巧:抽象名词后常接不定式作定语。
归纳:常见可接不定式作定语的名词大致归为以下几类:
能力与意愿类:ability (能力), right (权利), ambition (志向), courage (勇气), inclination (倾向), tendency (倾向), willingness (意愿), desire (愿望), wish (愿望), eagerness (渴望) 。
事件与状态类: chance (机会), opportunity (机会), curiosity (好奇心), effort (努力), failure (未能), freedom (自由), offer (主动提供), promise (许诺), refusal (拒绝), responsibility (责任)。
需要与计划类:need (需要), plan (计划),reason (理由),attempt (尝试),decision (决定),determination (决心)。
时间地点方法:time(时间), place(地点), way (方法),
被特定词修饰的名词:当名词前有序数词、形容词最高级,或被 the only, the very, the next 等词修饰时,通常用不定式作定语。
21. carrying
解析:介词of后接动名词carrying,作介词宾语。
技巧:介词后动词用-ing形式。
22. those
解析:此处用those替代前文的programmes(复数),表示“俄罗斯和美国的太空项目”。
技巧:替代复数名词用those,替代单数用that。
23. but
解析:前后句意转折(“起步晚但进步快”),填but。
技巧:逻辑关系判断,转折用but。
24. to send
解析:序数词(the third country)后接不定式作定语。
技巧:同第13空。
25. followed
解析:过去分词作状语,与逻辑主语Shenzhou 6 and 7为被动关系(“被紧随其后”)。
技巧:被动关系用过去分词作状语。
26. in
解析:月份(February)前用介词in。
技巧:年份/月份/季节前用in。
27. to establish
解析:不定式作目的状语,“为了建立自己的空间站”。
技巧:不定式表目的。
28. signalled/signaled
解析:描述2022年的过去事件,用一般过去时;signal过去式可双写l(英式)或单写l(美式)。
技巧:一般过去时的时间状语提示,具体的过去时间状语用一般过去时。
29. basic
解析:修饰名词completion需形容词basic(基本的)。
技巧:名词变形容词作定语。
30. understanding
解析:our后接名词,understand的名词形式为understanding(理解)。
技巧:所有格后接名词。
31. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词discoveries指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:同第3空。
32. to survive
解析:enable sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“使某人能够做某事”。
技巧:动词后接宾语+不定式作补语。
【考点归纳】
考点类别
题号
解题要点
非谓语动词
1,4,8,13,20,21,24,25,27,32
不定式作定语/目的/宾补(1,4,13,20,24,27,32);动名词作主语/介词宾语(5,8,21);过去分词作状语(25)
定语从句
3,6,9,31
先行词指物,从句缺主语,用that/which
时态与语态
10,16,28
一般过去时被动(10)、一般现在时(16)、一般过去时主动(28)
词性转换
11,14,19,29,
30
形容词→副词(11,14),名词→形容词(19,29),动词→名词(30)
固定搭配
2,7,12,26,32
hope to do, be determined to, focus on, enable sb. to do, 介词与月份搭配
代词与替代
19,22
形容词性物主代词(19),替代复数名词用those(22)
连词与介词
17,23,26
with表伴随(17),but表转折(23),in表月份(26)
逻辑关系
23
转折关系用but
【技巧提醒】
1. 遇到动词填空,优先考虑时态、语态、非谓语(不定式/动名词/分词);
2. 遇到名词填空,考虑单复数、所有格、词性转换;
3. 遇到从句填空,分析缺主语/宾语/状语,确定关系词;
4. 遇到介词/连词填空,依靠固定搭配和上下文逻辑;
5. 遇到代词填空,确认指代对象和单复数。
【参考翻译】
太空:最后的边境
“我们是孤独的吗?外面有什么?”仰望星空,人们总是想要了解更多关于太空的信息,科学家们也在努力寻找答案。他们制造飞行器,将勇敢的人们送入太空,去探寻宇宙的秘密。他们也非常希望能发现其他足够适合维持生命存活的星球。
在20世纪中叶之前,大多数人觉得太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。然而,一些科学家下定决心要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验,他们成功制造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。1957年10月4日,苏联发射了“斯普特尼克1号”卫星,并成功绕地球运行。此后,苏联将重心放在将人类送入太空上,1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。八年多以后,在1969年7月20日,美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗踏上了月球,说出了那句著名的话:“这是个人迈出的一小步,却是人类迈出的一大步。” 在此之后,更多目标得以实现。例如,美国国家航空航天局(NASA)于1977年9月5日发射了“旅行者1号”去研究深空,它至今仍在传输数据。
尽管科学家们努力确保万无一失,事故仍然可能发生。苏联“联盟11号”和美国“挑战者号”上的所有宇航员都在任务中殉职。这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的渴望从未消亡。这是因为人们相信,尽管风险巨大,继续进行太空探索是极其重要的。这项持续性工作的一个例子就是国际空间站。它绕地球运行,并且有来自不同国家的宇航员在上面(工作),提供了人类在太空中的持续存在。
中国的航天计划起步比俄罗斯和美国晚,但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。2003年,当杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功绕地球运行时,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。随后,神舟六号和七号完成了第二次载人轨道飞行和中国人的首次太空行走,紧接着“玉兔号”月球车被送往月球研究其表面。在那之后,中国发射了“天宫二号”空间实验室,以及“天舟一号”与其对接。这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划中又向前迈进了一步。更近一段时间,中国发射了嫦娥四号去探索月球背面的表面,以进行测量和观察。
太空探索的未来依然一片光明。欧洲、美国和中国都有进一步研究和探索像火星和木星等行星的计划。尽管困难重重,科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何起源的,还能帮助我们在未来更好地生存下去。
Unit4: 【Reading for Writing】(P44)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unit4: IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY?
Countries around ___1__ globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time ___2___ various space missions, ___3___ to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people ___4___ (argument) that we should stop wasting time and money ___5___ (explore) space. Instead, we should feed the world's ___6___ (poverty) and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and ___7___ (fate) diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails ____8___ (realise) how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight ___9____ world hunger. It has directly resulted ____10___the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather __11____ (pattern) . Then the data ___12____ (transmit) to scientists on Earth. After careful ___13___ (analyse) , the scientists can provide useful ___14____ (recommend) and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming ___15__ its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
___16___ (second) , space exploration has already promoted ___17___ (technology) improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world ___18___ (make) to a higher standard now because of ___19____ (advance) technology which was first created ___20___ (meet) the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart __21____ (monitor) and other machines that doctors ____22___ (regular) use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of ___23____ (industry) , and everyday products, such as memory foam __24__ (pillow) and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are___25__ (limit) . In order to provide for such a __26___ (rapid) increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets ___27___ could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, ___28___ (human) may live on both planets.
In ____29__ (close) , exploring space provides the world ____30__ many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
【参考答案】
1.the 2.on 3.whether 4.argue 5.exploring 6.poor
7.fatal 8.to realise 9.against 10.in 11.patterns 12.is transmitted
13.analysis 14.recommendations 15.in 16.Secondly 17.technological 18.are made
19.advanced 20.to meet 21.monitors 22.regularly 23.industries 24.pillows
25.limited 26.rapidly 27.that/which 28.humans 29.closing 30.with
【文章导读】
本文是一篇议论文,针对“探索太空是否浪费时间和金钱”的争议展开论述。作者首先提出两种对立观点:一方认为应停止太空探索,转而解决贫困、污染等现实问题;另一方则认为这种看法肤浅。随后,作者从三个方面论证太空探索的益处:①帮助解决世界饥饿(通过卫星数据指导农业);②推动技术进步(造福医疗、材料等行业);③促使人类思考地球资源有限性并寻找新家园。最后总结认为太空探索提供了诸多益处,应继续推进。
【答案解析】
1. the
解析:around the globe为固定短语,意为“全球各地”,globe前用定冠词the。
技巧:独一无二的事物或固定搭配用the。
2. on
解析:spend time/money on sth. 为固定搭配,意为“花费时间/金钱在某事上”。
技巧:spend...on...固定介词搭配。
3. whether
解析:whether...or...为固定搭配,表示“无论是……还是……”,此处引导让步状语从句,修饰missions。
技巧:whether...or...固定结构,表“无论……还是……”。
4. argue
解析:分析句子看出要用谓语动词,名词argument的动词形式是argue。描述一般事实,用一般现在时;主语Some people为复数,故argue。
技巧:一般现在时,主谓一致。
5. exploring
解析:waste time/money (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配,in可省略,故用动名词exploring。
技巧:waste...doing结构,动名词作宾语。
拓展归纳:带有动名词的固定句型
(1)Sb. spend/waste/ time (in) doing sth.;
(2)have difficulty/ trouble/ a hard time/fun (in) doing sth.;
(3)prevent/ stop sb. (from) doing sth.; keep sb. From doing sth.
(4)it is no use doing(做某事没用)、it is no good doing(做某事无益)it is fun doing(做某事很有趣)
(5)there is no denying that...(不可否认……)、there is no accounting for...(无法解释……)、there is no telling...(无法知道……)
6. poor
解析:the world's poor为“the + 形容词”结构,表示“穷人”,作feed的宾语。
技巧:the + 形容词表一类人,复数概念。
7. fatal
解析:修饰diseases需形容词,fate变fatal(致命的)。
技巧:名词变形容词,-al后缀。
8. to realise
解析:fail to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“未能做某事”。
技巧:fail后接不定式。
9. against
解析:fight against为固定搭配,意为“与……作斗争”。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
10. in
解析:result in为固定搭配,意为“导致”。A result in B = A 导致了 B (A 是原因,B 是结果)。例如:His carelessness resulted in the accident. B result from A = B 是由 A 导致的 (B 是结果,A 是原因)。例如:The accident resulted from his carelessness.
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
11. patterns
解析:weather patterns为固定短语,意为“天气模式”,pattern为可数名词,此处用复数表泛指。
技巧:可数名词复数表类别。
12. is transmitted
解析:data与transmit为被动关系(“被传输”),描述客观事实用一般现在时被动;data为不可数名词(但常作单数),故用is transmitted。
技巧:被动语态,主谓一致(data视为单数)。
13. analysis
解析:careful后接名词,动词analyse变名词analysis(分析)。
技巧:动词变名词,-sis结尾(复数analyses)。
14. recommendations
解析:useful后接名词,recommend变recommendation(建议),此处与advice并列,用复数表多条建议。
技巧:动词变名词,-tion后缀,复数形式。
15. in/with
解析:help sb. in /with (doing) sth. 为固定搭配,意为“在某方面帮助某人”,此处空格后是名词短语 its efforts,因此需要用介词连接,答案填 in(也可用 with),此处in表示“在……方面”。help sb with/in sth(在某事上帮助某人),后接名词/动名词。句意是:因此,基于太空的科学已经帮助农业努力种植出足够的食物来养活地球日益增长的人口。
技巧:介词in/with表方面。
16. Secondly
解析:副词作状语,表示“第二”,与Firstly、Finally呼应,句首首字母大写。
技巧:副词修饰全句,序列词用-ly形式。
17. technological
解析:修饰improvements需形容词,technology变technological(技术的)。
技巧:名词变形容词,-ical后缀。
18. are made
解析:products与make为被动关系(“被制造”),描述客观事实用一般现在时被动,主语复数,故are made。
技巧:被动语态,主谓一致。
19. advanced
解析:修饰technology需形容词,advance变advanced(先进的)。
技巧:过去分词作形容词,表“先进的”。
20. to meet
解析:不定式作目的状语,“为了满足太空探索的要求”。
技巧:不定式表目的。
21. monitors
解析:heart monitors为固定短语,意为“心脏监测仪”,monitor为可数名词,此处用复数表泛指。
技巧:可数名词复数表类别。
22. regularly
解析:修饰动词use需副词regularly(定期地)。
技巧:副词修饰动词。
23. industries
解析:all kinds of后接可数名词复数,industry变industries(工业、行业)。
技巧:名词复数变化(辅音+y变ies)。
24. pillows
解析:memory foam pillows为“记忆泡沫枕头”,与smartphone cameras并列,用复数表泛指。
技巧:可数名词复数表类别。
25. limited
解析:limit的过去分词作形容词,意思是“有限的”,系表结构用形容词坐标与,故 limited。
技巧:形容词作表语。
26. rapidly
解析:修饰increasing(现在分词)需副词rapidly(快速地),表示“快速增长的人口”。
技巧:副词修饰动词/形容词/分词。
27. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词planets指物,从句缺主语,用that/which。
技巧:定语从句缺主语,先行词指物。
28. humans
解析:human作“人类”讲时可数,此处用复数humans表泛指。
技巧:可数名词复数表类别。
29. closing
解析:in closing为固定短语,意为“最后、总之”,closing为动名词。
技巧:固定短语,in + 动名词。
拓展归纳:表示总结的插入语
To sum up, ... (概括地说) ; In conclusion, ... (最后,总之) ; To summarize, ... (总而言之。summarize 是动词,搭配 To) ; In summary, ... (总之,概括来说。注意 summary 是名词,必须搭配 In)
30. with
解析:provide sb. with sth. 为固定搭配,意为“向某人提供某物”。比较:provide sth. For sb.
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配,provide...with...。
【考点归纳】
考点类别
题号
解题要点
非谓语动词
5,8,20
动名词作宾语(5);不定式作宾语(8)、目的状语(20)
时态与语态
4,12,18,25
一般现在时主动(4);一般现在时被动(12,18,25)
词性转换
7,13,14,16,17,19,21,22,23,24,26
形容词(7,17,19);名词(13,14,21,23,24);副词(16,22,26);单复数变化(13,21,23,24,28)
定语从句
27
先行词指物,从句缺主语,用that/which
固定搭配/短语
1,2,3,5,9,10,11,15,25,27,29,30
around the globe(1);spend...on(2);whether...or(3);waste...doing(5);fight against(9);result in(10);weather patterns(11);help in(15);in closing(29);provide...with(30)
冠词/连词
1,3
定冠词the(1);whether...or(3)
“the + 形容词”结构
6
the poor表“穷人”,复数概念
介词
2,9,10,15,30
on(2);against(9);in(10,15);with(30)
【总技巧提醒】
1. 议论文逻辑结构:文章采用“总—分—总”结构,序列词Firstly/Secondly/Finally提示论点层次,可帮助定位词性(如副词修饰全句)。
2. 被动语态判断:当主语是“物”且与动词构成被动关系时,用被动语态(如12,18,25)。
3. 词性转换规律:
修饰名词→形容词(-al, -ical, -ed);
修饰动词/分词→副词(-ly);
作主语/宾语→名词(-tion, -sis, -ment)。
4. 固定搭配:
动词+介词(spend...on, result in, fight against, provide...with);
名词+介词(analysis of, solution to);
固定短语(in closing, around the globe)。
5. “the + 形容词”结构:常考,表一类人(the poor, the rich, the young),作主语时谓语用复数。
【参考翻译】
探索太空到底是不是在浪费时间和金钱?
全球各地的国家正在花费数十亿美元和大量时间在各种太空任务上,无论是去火星还是去更遥远的行星。一些人争论说,我们应该停止在探索太空上浪费时间和金钱。相反,我们应该让世界上贫困的人有饭吃,并找到立竿见影的解决之道(或:即刻的解决办法)来应对其他问题(如污染和致命疾病)。然而,另一些人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点,没有意识到探索太空是如何帮助我们的。
首先,探索太空已经在对抗世界饥饿方面产生了影响。它直接促成了现在绕地球运行的许多卫星的产生。许多卫星记录关于陆地和天气模式的数据。然后数据被传输给地球上的科学家。经过仔细分析,科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和指导。因此,基于太空的科学已经帮助农业努力种植出足够的食物来养活地球日益增长的人口。
其次,太空探索已经促进了造福我们所有人的技术进步。现在世界各地的高端产品都是按照更高标准制造的,因为这些先进技术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而创造出来的。例如,太空技术帮助了不同类型新材料的研发。它们还帮助公司制造出更好的心脏监测仪以及医生经常使用的其他机器。今天,太空技术被广泛应用于各种工业,而记忆海绵枕头和智能手机摄像头等日常产品正在改变我们的生活。
最后,将宇航员送入太空帮助人们思考世界的问题,甚至找到解决这些问题的方法。看到我们星球像黑色海洋中一座孤岛的图片,使人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。为了供养如此迅速增长的人口,科学家们正试图寻找有朝一日可能成为我们新家园的其他行星。目前最大的注意力集中在火星上,因为它离地球更近。在未来,人类可能在两颗星球上生活。 最后,探索太空为世界提供了许多不同的益处。因此,它应该继续下去,以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的更好的解决方案。
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人教英语(2019)必修三教材回归课文填空Unit4--练习版
Unit4: Space Exploration
【Reading and Thinking】(40-41)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
“Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design a vehicle ___1___(carry) astronauts into space to make important discoveries. Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope ___2___ (discover) other planets ____3___ are suitable enough ____4___ (support) life.
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt __5___ (travel) into space was only a dream ____6____could never come true. However, scientists were determined __7___ (realise) that dream. After many experiments, they succeeded in ___8___ (make) rockets _____9____ could escape Earth’s gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 10 (launch) by the USSR and ___11___ (successful) orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused ___12___ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 13 (enter) space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 14 (famous) saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” __15_____ (follow) this, there were many more important space achievements. For example, on 5 September 1977, America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still ___16___ (transmit) data to this day. And the International Space Station (1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, 17 astronauts from many different countries on board.
Although ___18___ (science) try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during ___19___ (them) missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire ____20___ (explore) the universe did not die. This is because people believe in the importance of 21 (carry) on space exploration despite the huge risks.
China’s space programme started later than __22___ (that) of Russia and the US, 23 it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world ___24__ (send) humans into space independently in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ___25___ (follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived ___26____ February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions ___27____ (establish) its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module 28 (signal) the ___29__ (basis) completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our ___30____ (understand) of the universe.
The future of space exploration remains bright. Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries 31 will enable the human race ___32____ (survive) well into the future.
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Unit4: 【Reading for Writing】(P44)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unit4: IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY?
Countries around ___1__ globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time ___2___ various space missions, ___3___ to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people ___4___ (argument) that we should stop wasting time and money ___5___ (explore) space. Instead, we should feed the world's ___6___ (poverty) and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and ___7___ (fate) diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails ____8___ (realise) how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight ___9____ world hunger. It has directly resulted ____10___the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather __11____ (pattern) . Then the data ___12____ (transmit) to scientists on Earth. After careful ___13___ (analyse) , the scientists can provide useful ___14____ (recommend) and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming ___15__ its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
___16___ (second) , space exploration has already promoted ___17___ (technology) improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world ___18___ (make) to a higher standard now because of ___19____ (advance) technology which was first created ___20___ (meet) the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart __21____ (monitor) and other machines that doctors ____22___ (regular) use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of ___23____ (industry) , and everyday products, such as memory foam __24__ (pillow) and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are___25__ (limit) . In order to provide for such a __26___ (rapid) increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets ___27___ could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, ___28___ (human) may live on both planets.
In ____29__ (close) , exploring space provides the world ____30__ many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
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