第5讲 Unit 2核心词汇（暑假预习讲义）（知识全梳理&考点精准练）新九年级英语新教材沪教版五四制

第5讲 U2 核心词汇 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 · 掌握职业、工具、化学、文物修复类词汇及完整词形转换； · 熟练掌握单词固定搭配、介词搭配与不定式句型； · 区分同根正反义形容词、不可数名词特殊用法； · 能完成词形、语法、阅读题，熟练描述各类职业工作内容。 学习重点 · 词根变形：职业名词、动名词、形容词、名词互变； · 高频搭配：be patient with、require sb to do、due to、fix sth for sb； · 不可数名词 equipment，特殊复数 firemen； · 正反义形容词 willing/unwilling、patient/impatient。 学习难点 · equipment 无复数，量词 a piece of 易混淆； · 同根多词性辨析（chemistry/chemical/chemist）； · 职业类名词变形区分（journal/journalist/journalism）； · 语境判断时态、词性，不定式固定搭配运用。 1. patient 音标：/ˈpeɪʃnt/ 词性：adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 /n. 患者；病人 派生词：patience n. 耐心；impatient adj. 不耐烦的 用法：adj. 常搭配 be patient with sb./be patient to do sth.；n. 可数名词 短语：be patient with students 对学生有耐心；treat patients 诊治病人 中考例句：You should be patient with young kids when teaching them. 译文：教小孩子的时候你应当对他们有耐心。 【典例】My mother is always (patience) with me when I make mistakes. 【即练 1】It takes much (patient) to take care of the old patients. 【即练 2】He grew (patient) after waiting for three hours and left angrily. 答案：典例：patient；即练 1：patience；即练 2：impatient 2. equipment 音标：/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ 词性：n. 设备；装备（不可数名词） 派生词：equip v. 配备，装备 用法：不可数，不能加 s；表达 “一件设备” 用 a piece of equipment 短语：office equipment 办公设备；medical equipment 医疗设备 中考例句：The lab has lots of new equipment for chemistry lessons. 译文：这间实验室有很多上化学课用的新设备。 【典例】We need two pieces of new (equip) for the art room. 【即练 1】All the (equipment) in the gym is checked every week. 【即练 2】The school will equip our classroom new computers.（填介词） 答案：典例：equipment；即练 1：equipment；即练 2：with 3. requirement 音标：/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/ 词性：n. 要求；必要条件 派生词：require v. 需要；要求 用法：常用搭配 meet the requirements 满足要求；require sb. to do sth. 短语：basic requirements 基本要求；job requirements 岗位要求 中考例句：Meeting all the requirements is the first step to get this job. 译文：满足所有要求是得到这份工作的第一步。 【典例】The school requires every student (wear) school uniforms. 【即练 1】What are the main (require) for this volunteer job? 【即练 2】This task (require) plenty of time and energy. 答案：典例：to wear；即练 1：requirements；即练 2：requires 4. delivery 音标：/dɪˈlɪvəri/ 词性：n. 传送；递送 派生词：deliver v. 递送；投递 用法：名词，复数 deliveries；daily delivery 每日配送 短语：delivery service 配送服务；free delivery 免费送货 中考例句：The delivery of the parcel will arrive tomorrow morning. 译文：包裹的派送明天早上就能到。 【典例】The worker (deliver) newspapers every morning. 【即练 1】We offer free (deliver) for orders over 200 yuan. 【即练 2】He delivered a speech environmental protection last week.（填介词） 答案：典例：delivers；即练 1：delivery；即练 2：on 5. journalist 音标：/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ 词性：n. 新闻工作者；记者 派生词：journal n. 期刊；新闻；journalism n. 新闻业 用法：可数名词，复数 journalists 短语：a sports journalist 体育记者；work as a journalist 从事记者工作 中考例句：My dream is to become a journalist and report real news. 译文：我的梦想是成为一名记者，报道真实新闻。 【典例】Many (journal) came to interview the famous scientist. 【即练 1】She majors in (journal) at university. 【即练 2】As a (journal), he has to travel to many different cities. 答案：典例：journalists；即练 1：journalism；即练 2：journalist 6. parcel 音标：/ˈpɑːsl/ 词性：n. 包裹 派生词：无 用法：可数名词，复数 parcels；同义 package 短语：send a parcel 寄包裹；receive a parcel 收取包裹 中考例句：I received a heavy parcel from my grandma yesterday. 译文：昨天我收到了奶奶寄来的一个沉甸甸的包裹。 【典例】There are three (parcel) waiting for you at the gate. 【即练 1】I plan to send a parcel my best friend this weekend.（填介词） 【即练 2】The (parcel) was lost on the way to my home. 答案：典例：parcels；即练 1：to；即练 2：parcel 7. chemistry 音标：/ˈkemɪstri/ 词性：n. 化学 派生词：chemical adj. 化学的 n. 化学品；chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 用法：学科名词，首字母大写；chemistry class 化学课 短语：chemistry experiment 化学实验；chemical materials 化学材料 中考例句：I find chemistry much easier than physics this term. 译文：这学期我觉得化学比物理简单很多。 【典例】We learn many (chemistry) rules in today’s class. 【即练 1】My uncle works as a (chemistry) in a big lab. 【即练 2】 (chemistry) is my favourite subject at school. 答案：典例：chemical；即练 1：chemist；即练 2：Chemistry 8. restore 音标：/rɪˈstɔː(r)/ 词性：v. 修复；修补 派生词：restorer n. 修补者；修复者；restoration n. 修复 用法：restore sth. 修复某物；restore old buildings 修缮古建筑 短语：restore paintings 修复画作；restore balance 恢复平衡 中考例句：Workers spend years restoring this old ancient building. 译文：工人们花了数年时间修缮这座古老的建筑。 【典例】The (restore) of the old church will finish next year. 【即练 1】They hired professional (restore) to fix the old vase. 【即练 2】It takes a lot of money (restore) this historic house. 答案：典例：restoration；即练 1：restorers；即练 2：to restore 9. professional 音标：/prəˈfeʃənl/ 词性：adj. 职业的；专业的 派生词：profession n. 职业；专业；professor n. 教授 用法：修饰名词作定语；professional skills 专业技能 短语：professional training 专业培训；professional doctor 专业医师 中考例句：If you want to be a dentist, you need professional medical knowledge. 译文：如果你想成为牙医，你需要专业的医学知识。 【典例】Teaching is a challenging (profession). 【即练 1】He gives (profession) advice on repairing old furniture. 【即练 2】What’s your (profession)? I work as a lawyer. 答案：典例：profession；即练 1：professional；即练 2：profession 10. unwilling 音标：/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ 词性：adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的 派生词：willing adj. 乐意的；will n. 意愿 用法：be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事 短语：be unwilling to share 不愿分享；unwilling to give up 不愿放弃 中考例句：He was unwilling to admit he made a big mistake. 译文：他不愿意承认自己犯了一个大错。 【典例】She is willing (help) others in trouble. 【即练 1】The boy was (willing) to get up early on weekends. 【即练 2】Are you willing take part in this street vox pop interview?（填介词） 答案：典例：to help；即练 1：unwilling；即练 2：to 11. background 音标：/ˈbækgraʊnd/ 词性：n. 背景 派生词：无 用法：可数名词；background information 背景资料 短语：family background 家庭背景；background story 背景故事 中考例句：Before reading the article, learn its historical background first. 译文：读文章之前，先了解它的历史背景。 【典例】The teacher gave us some (background) about the writer. 【即练 1】We need to know his family (background) before the interview. 【即练 2】This photo has a beautiful mountain the background.（填介词） 答案：典例：background；即练 1：background；即练 2：in 12. fix 音标：/fɪks/ 词性：v. 修理；校准；校正 派生词：fixed adj. 固定的；确定的 用法：fix sth. = repair sth. 修理某物；fix up 修理翻新 短语：fix tweezers 修理镊子；fix the machine 修理机器 中考例句：My father can fix almost all broken furniture at home. 译文：我爸爸几乎能修好家里所有坏掉的家具。 【典例】I will have my bike (fix) this afternoon. 【即练 1】He spent two hours (fix) the old camera. 【即练 2】Can you fix my broken tweezers me?（填介词） 答案：典例：fixed；即练 1：fixing；即练 2：for 13. dentist 音标：/ˈdentɪst/ 词性：n. 牙科医生 派生词：dental adj. 牙齿的；牙科的 用法：可数名词；go to the dentist 看牙医 短语：visit the dentist 看牙医；dental care 牙齿护理 中考例句：You’d better visit the dentist if your tooth hurts badly. 译文：如果牙疼得厉害，你最好去看牙医。 【典例】Regular (dentist) check-ups can protect your teeth. 【即练 1】My sister wants to be a (dentist) when she grows up. 【即练 2】I have an appointment the dentist this Friday.（填介词） 答案：典例：dental；即练 1：dentist；即练 2：with 14. lawyer 音标：/ˈlɔːjə(r)/ 词性：n. 律师 派生词：law n. 法律；lawful adj. 合法的 用法：可数名词；hire a lawyer 聘请律师 短语：a famous lawyer 知名律师；study to be a lawyer 学做律师 中考例句：The lawyer helped the man solve his difficult problem. 译文：这位律师帮这位男士解决了他的难题。 【典例】Everyone must follow the (law) of our country. 【即练 1】He has worked as a (law) for over ten years. 【即练 2】The lawyer gave me some advice my property problem.（填介词） 答案：典例：laws；即练 1：lawyer；即练 2：on 15. fireman 音标：/ˈfaɪəmən/ 词性：n. 消防队员（复数 firemen） 派生词：firewoman n. 女消防员；fire n. 火 用法：复数变形特殊：fireman → firemen 短语：brave firemen 勇敢的消防员；call the firemen 呼叫消防员 中考例句：The firemen rushed into the burning building to save people. 译文：消防员冲进着火的大楼救人。 【典例】Three (fireman) arrived at the fire scene in five minutes. 【即练 1】That young (fireman) saved three kids from the fire. 【即练 2】The firemen put the big fire before midnight.（填介词） 答案：典例：firemen；即练 1：fireman；即练 2：out 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1. As a professional (journal), she is used to doing street interviews in her spare time. 2. We need enough (equip) to carry out the ancient building restoration work. 3. Students who want to get the course (certify) must finish all practical tasks. 4. The little girl is so (patient) that she never gives up on difficult learning tasks. 5. The (restore) of traditional architecture requires great care and professional skills. 6. Our school will (organisation) a special activity about cultural protection next week. 7. Many old houses are damaged seriously (due) to long-term damp and worm erosion. 8. The scientist put forward a (science) method to solve the damp problem of old walls. 9. The (interview) shared his unique opinions on youth public welfare activities. 10. It is a basic (require) for teenagers to develop good learning habits. 11. The (digital) of cultural relics helps teenagers better inherit traditional culture. 12. He was (willing) to take part in the competition at first, but he finally tried his best. 13. The postman’s daily (deliver) of parcels is always on time in rainy days. 14. The (architecture) of ancient buildings has great educational value for teenagers. 15. We need (extra) time to prepare for the school cultural exhibition. 16. A good educational (background) helps teenagers broaden their horizons. 17. Workers use professional tools to (fix) the broken parts of old wooden buildings. 18. The (damp) in the old house will cause great damage to wooden furniture. 19. The long (period) of practice makes teenagers more professional and confident. 20. Young (profession) devote themselves to the protection of traditional architecture. 二、语法填空（词汇篇） Passage 1 Career Talk: Young Cultural Restorers Now more teenagers dream of working as building restorers. Our school 1. (organise) a career sharing meeting last week. We invited several young 2. (restore) to give speeches. They told us the 3. (restore) of old houses needs plenty of professional 4. (equip), such as metal tweezers. Some students were 5. (willing) to join this career at first, because they thought the work was boring. But the speakers were 6. (patient) enough to show us 7. (science) ways to protect heritage. We all realize that finishing related training is a basic 8. (require) for this job. Passage 2 Different Jobs We Can Choose There are many wonderful jobs for teenagers to consider. The 1. (digital) of culture creates new jobs for young 2. (journal). They record the stories of traditional craftsmen through voxpops. Many old buildings are damaged 3. (due) to 4. (damp) and worms, so the job of restorer is very important. Workers use small tools 5. (fix) damaged wood every day. The long 6. (period) of training scares some students, but you can get 7. (extra) professional skills if you stick to it. A chemistry 8. (background) will also bring you advantages in this field. 三、阅读理解 Born in a small village, Vijay Pratap Singh received his early education in a local school in India. In 2012, he graduated from university and later began working at a bank. However, getting used to life in the southern city was tough. “It was difficult to manage food, language and social customs. I could hardly fit into the local community,” Vijay said. At that time, he would explore nearby forests and mountains for peace. At 23, Vijay left his job to start AdvenThrill, an adventure travel company. He knew that understanding the technicalities of trekking (远足的技术性细节) would be important, so he completed a mountaineering course at the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering. Over time, he built a network of trained trekking leaders. Trekkers are advised to follow a 20-day fitness plan at home before a trek. “Anyone can apply, but they must provide medical test reports,” Vijay said. The reports are checked before booking. “That’s why we only accept sign-ups a month in advance to ensure there’s enough time to review their physical condition,” Vijay explained. “Before the trek begins, we also conduct medical examinations every day to track blood pressure and other vital signs (生命体征). If anyone is found unfit, they are cared for at the base camp.” Looking ahead, Vijay wants to open new unexplored trekking paths. “It’s a slow process, requiring better GPS mapping and more field research, but it could reshape the trekking landscape of India. If the right safety measures and infrastructure (基础设施) are put in place, we can attract more international trekkers,” Vijay said. 1．What made life challenging for Vijay when he worked at the bank? A．The lifestyle differences. B．The few outdoor activities. C．The city's weather conditions. D．The working hours at the bank. 2．Why did Vijay complete the mountaineering course? A．To improve his physical fitness. B．To learn skills for his business. C．To become a famous mountaineer. D．To teach higher-level trekking skills. 3．How does AdvenThrill ensure trekking safety? A．By asking international guides for help. B．By controlling the number of trekkers. C．By setting strict requirements. D．By conducting daily training. 4．What can be inferred from Vijay’s words in the last paragraph? A．He will work for Indian infrastructure soon. B．New trekking paths have become easier to open in India. C．He thinks that GPS mapping is more important than field research. D．Better safety measures may help India draw more foreign trekkers. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An Indian started a travel company and makes trekking safe. B．There are some new unexplored trekking paths in India. C．Trekking is a fun sport that many people in India enjoy. D．It's hard to get used to local life in a new city. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第5讲 U2 核心词汇 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 · 掌握职业、工具、化学、文物修复类词汇及完整词形转换； · 熟练掌握单词固定搭配、介词搭配与不定式句型； · 区分同根正反义形容词、不可数名词特殊用法； · 能完成词形、语法、阅读题，熟练描述各类职业工作内容。 学习重点 · 词根变形：职业名词、动名词、形容词、名词互变； · 高频搭配：be patient with、require sb to do、due to、fix sth for sb； · 不可数名词 equipment，特殊复数 firemen； · 正反义形容词 willing/unwilling、patient/impatient。 学习难点 · equipment 无复数，量词 a piece of 易混淆； · 同根多词性辨析（chemistry/chemical/chemist）； · 职业类名词变形区分（journal/journalist/journalism）； · 语境判断时态、词性，不定式固定搭配运用。 1. patient 音标：/ˈpeɪʃnt/ 词性：adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 /n. 患者；病人 派生词：patience n. 耐心；impatient adj. 不耐烦的 用法：adj. 常搭配 be patient with sb./be patient to do sth.；n. 可数名词 短语：be patient with students 对学生有耐心；treat patients 诊治病人 中考例句：You should be patient with young kids when teaching them. 译文：教小孩子的时候你应当对他们有耐心。 【典例】My mother is always (patience) with me when I make mistakes. 【即练 1】It takes much (patient) to take care of the old patients. 【即练 2】He grew (patient) after waiting for three hours and left angrily. 答案：典例：patient；即练 1：patience；即练 2：impatient 2. equipment 音标：/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ 词性：n. 设备；装备（不可数名词） 派生词：equip v. 配备，装备 用法：不可数，不能加 s；表达 “一件设备” 用 a piece of equipment 短语：office equipment 办公设备；medical equipment 医疗设备 中考例句：The lab has lots of new equipment for chemistry lessons. 译文：这间实验室有很多上化学课用的新设备。 【典例】We need two pieces of new (equip) for the art room. 【即练 1】All the (equipment) in the gym is checked every week. 【即练 2】The school will equip our classroom new computers.（填介词） 答案：典例：equipment；即练 1：equipment；即练 2：with 3. requirement 音标：/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/ 词性：n. 要求；必要条件 派生词：require v. 需要；要求 用法：常用搭配 meet the requirements 满足要求；require sb. to do sth. 短语：basic requirements 基本要求；job requirements 岗位要求 中考例句：Meeting all the requirements is the first step to get this job. 译文：满足所有要求是得到这份工作的第一步。 【典例】The school requires every student (wear) school uniforms. 【即练 1】What are the main (require) for this volunteer job? 【即练 2】This task (require) plenty of time and energy. 答案：典例：to wear；即练 1：requirements；即练 2：requires 4. delivery 音标：/dɪˈlɪvəri/ 词性：n. 传送；递送 派生词：deliver v. 递送；投递 用法：名词，复数 deliveries；daily delivery 每日配送 短语：delivery service 配送服务；free delivery 免费送货 中考例句：The delivery of the parcel will arrive tomorrow morning. 译文：包裹的派送明天早上就能到。 【典例】The worker (deliver) newspapers every morning. 【即练 1】We offer free (deliver) for orders over 200 yuan. 【即练 2】He delivered a speech environmental protection last week.（填介词） 答案：典例：delivers；即练 1：delivery；即练 2：on 5. journalist 音标：/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ 词性：n. 新闻工作者；记者 派生词：journal n. 期刊；新闻；journalism n. 新闻业 用法：可数名词，复数 journalists 短语：a sports journalist 体育记者；work as a journalist 从事记者工作 中考例句：My dream is to become a journalist and report real news. 译文：我的梦想是成为一名记者，报道真实新闻。 【典例】Many (journal) came to interview the famous scientist. 【即练 1】She majors in (journal) at university. 【即练 2】As a (journal), he has to travel to many different cities. 答案：典例：journalists；即练 1：journalism；即练 2：journalist 6. parcel 音标：/ˈpɑːsl/ 词性：n. 包裹 派生词：无 用法：可数名词，复数 parcels；同义 package 短语：send a parcel 寄包裹；receive a parcel 收取包裹 中考例句：I received a heavy parcel from my grandma yesterday. 译文：昨天我收到了奶奶寄来的一个沉甸甸的包裹。 【典例】There are three (parcel) waiting for you at the gate. 【即练 1】I plan to send a parcel my best friend this weekend.（填介词） 【即练 2】The (parcel) was lost on the way to my home. 答案：典例：parcels；即练 1：to；即练 2：parcel 7. chemistry 音标：/ˈkemɪstri/ 词性：n. 化学 派生词：chemical adj. 化学的 n. 化学品；chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 用法：学科名词，首字母大写；chemistry class 化学课 短语：chemistry experiment 化学实验；chemical materials 化学材料 中考例句：I find chemistry much easier than physics this term. 译文：这学期我觉得化学比物理简单很多。 【典例】We learn many (chemistry) rules in today’s class. 【即练 1】My uncle works as a (chemistry) in a big lab. 【即练 2】 (chemistry) is my favourite subject at school. 答案：典例：chemical；即练 1：chemist；即练 2：Chemistry 8. restore 音标：/rɪˈstɔː(r)/ 词性：v. 修复；修补 派生词：restorer n. 修补者；修复者；restoration n. 修复 用法：restore sth. 修复某物；restore old buildings 修缮古建筑 短语：restore paintings 修复画作；restore balance 恢复平衡 中考例句：Workers spend years restoring this old ancient building. 译文：工人们花了数年时间修缮这座古老的建筑。 【典例】The (restore) of the old church will finish next year. 【即练 1】They hired professional (restore) to fix the old vase. 【即练 2】It takes a lot of money (restore) this historic house. 答案：典例：restoration；即练 1：restorers；即练 2：to restore 9. professional 音标：/prəˈfeʃənl/ 词性：adj. 职业的；专业的 派生词：profession n. 职业；专业；professor n. 教授 用法：修饰名词作定语；professional skills 专业技能 短语：professional training 专业培训；professional doctor 专业医师 中考例句：If you want to be a dentist, you need professional medical knowledge. 译文：如果你想成为牙医，你需要专业的医学知识。 【典例】Teaching is a challenging (profession). 【即练 1】He gives (profession) advice on repairing old furniture. 【即练 2】What’s your (profession)? I work as a lawyer. 答案：典例：profession；即练 1：professional；即练 2：profession 10. unwilling 音标：/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ 词性：adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的 派生词：willing adj. 乐意的；will n. 意愿 用法：be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事 短语：be unwilling to share 不愿分享；unwilling to give up 不愿放弃 中考例句：He was unwilling to admit he made a big mistake. 译文：他不愿意承认自己犯了一个大错。 【典例】She is willing (help) others in trouble. 【即练 1】The boy was (willing) to get up early on weekends. 【即练 2】Are you willing take part in this street vox pop interview?（填介词） 答案：典例：to help；即练 1：unwilling；即练 2：to 11. background 音标：/ˈbækgraʊnd/ 词性：n. 背景 派生词：无 用法：可数名词；background information 背景资料 短语：family background 家庭背景；background story 背景故事 中考例句：Before reading the article, learn its historical background first. 译文：读文章之前，先了解它的历史背景。 【典例】The teacher gave us some (background) about the writer. 【即练 1】We need to know his family (background) before the interview. 【即练 2】This photo has a beautiful mountain the background.（填介词） 答案：典例：background；即练 1：background；即练 2：in 12. fix 音标：/fɪks/ 词性：v. 修理；校准；校正 派生词：fixed adj. 固定的；确定的 用法：fix sth. = repair sth. 修理某物；fix up 修理翻新 短语：fix tweezers 修理镊子；fix the machine 修理机器 中考例句：My father can fix almost all broken furniture at home. 译文：我爸爸几乎能修好家里所有坏掉的家具。 【典例】I will have my bike (fix) this afternoon. 【即练 1】He spent two hours (fix) the old camera. 【即练 2】Can you fix my broken tweezers me?（填介词） 答案：典例：fixed；即练 1：fixing；即练 2：for 13. dentist 音标：/ˈdentɪst/ 词性：n. 牙科医生 派生词：dental adj. 牙齿的；牙科的 用法：可数名词；go to the dentist 看牙医 短语：visit the dentist 看牙医；dental care 牙齿护理 中考例句：You’d better visit the dentist if your tooth hurts badly. 译文：如果牙疼得厉害，你最好去看牙医。 【典例】Regular (dentist) check-ups can protect your teeth. 【即练 1】My sister wants to be a (dentist) when she grows up. 【即练 2】I have an appointment the dentist this Friday.（填介词） 答案：典例：dental；即练 1：dentist；即练 2：with 14. lawyer 音标：/ˈlɔːjə(r)/ 词性：n. 律师 派生词：law n. 法律；lawful adj. 合法的 用法：可数名词；hire a lawyer 聘请律师 短语：a famous lawyer 知名律师；study to be a lawyer 学做律师 中考例句：The lawyer helped the man solve his difficult problem. 译文：这位律师帮这位男士解决了他的难题。 【典例】Everyone must follow the (law) of our country. 【即练 1】He has worked as a (law) for over ten years. 【即练 2】The lawyer gave me some advice my property problem.（填介词） 答案：典例：laws；即练 1：lawyer；即练 2：on 15. fireman 音标：/ˈfaɪəmən/ 词性：n. 消防队员（复数 firemen） 派生词：firewoman n. 女消防员；fire n. 火 用法：复数变形特殊：fireman → firemen 短语：brave firemen 勇敢的消防员；call the firemen 呼叫消防员 中考例句：The firemen rushed into the burning building to save people. 译文：消防员冲进着火的大楼救人。 【典例】Three (fireman) arrived at the fire scene in five minutes. 【即练 1】That young (fireman) saved three kids from the fire. 【即练 2】The firemen put the big fire before midnight.（填介词） 答案：典例：firemen；即练 1：fireman；即练 2：out 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1. As a professional (journal), she is used to doing street interviews in her spare time. 2. We need enough (equip) to carry out the ancient building restoration work. 3. Students who want to get the course (certify) must finish all practical tasks. 4. The little girl is so (patient) that she never gives up on difficult learning tasks. 5. The (restore) of traditional architecture requires great care and professional skills. 6. Our school will (organisation) a special activity about cultural protection next week. 7. Many old houses are damaged seriously (due) to long-term damp and worm erosion. 8. The scientist put forward a (science) method to solve the damp problem of old walls. 9. The (interview) shared his unique opinions on youth public welfare activities. 10. It is a basic (require) for teenagers to develop good learning habits. 11. The (digital) of cultural relics helps teenagers better inherit traditional culture. 12. He was (willing) to take part in the competition at first, but he finally tried his best. 13. The postman’s daily (deliver) of parcels is always on time in rainy days. 14. The (architecture) of ancient buildings has great educational value for teenagers. 15. We need (extra) time to prepare for the school cultural exhibition. 16. A good educational (background) helps teenagers broaden their horizons. 17. Workers use professional tools to (fix) the broken parts of old wooden buildings. 18. The (damp) in the old house will cause great damage to wooden furniture. 19. The long (period) of practice makes teenagers more professional and confident. 20. Young (profession) devote themselves to the protection of traditional architecture. 【答案】 1. journalist 2. equipment 3. certification 4. patient 5. restoration 6. organise 7. due 8. scientific 9. interviewee 10. requirement 11. digitalisation 12. unwilling 13. delivery 14. architecture 15. extra 16. background 17. fix 18. dampness 19. period 20. professionals 【解析】 1. journalist：professional 后接名词，表职业，journal 对应职业记者 journalist。 2. equipment：enough 修饰名词，equip 动词变不可数名词 equipment（设备）。 3. certification：course certification 固定搭配，意为课程结业认证。 4. patient：so+adj.，根据后句不放弃可知是“有耐心的”。 5. restoration：the+名词+of，restore 动词变名词 restoration（修复工程）。 6. organise：will 后接动词原形，organisation 名词变动词 organise。 7. due：固定短语 due to 由于，无变形。 8. scientific：形容词修饰名词 method，science 变形容词 scientific（科学的）。 9. interviewee：主语指人，结合语境是受访者，interview 对应名词 interviewee。 10. requirement：basic 修饰名词，require 动词变名词 requirement（要求）。 11. digitalisation：the+名词+of，digital 形容词变名词 digitalisation（数字化）。 12. unwilling：be unwilling to do 固定搭配，不情愿做某事，符合转折语境。 13. delivery：daily 形容词后接名词，deliver 动词变名词 delivery（递送）。 14. architecture：the+名词，此处指古建筑建筑风格，直接用原形。 15. extra：形容词修饰名词 time，无需变形。 16. background：educational background 固定搭配，教育背景，原形可用。 17. fix：use sth. to do 固定结构，to 后接动词原形。 18. dampness：the 后接名词，damp 形容词变名词 dampness（潮湿）。 19. period：long 修饰名词，a long period of practice 长期练习，原形可用。 20. professionals：young 后接复数名词表一类人，professional 变复数 professionals（专业人士）。 二、语法填空（词汇篇） Passage 1 Career Talk: Young Cultural Restorers Now more teenagers dream of working as building restorers. Our school 1. (organise) a career sharing meeting last week. We invited several young 2. (restore) to give speeches. They told us the 3. (restore) of old houses needs plenty of professional 4. (equip), such as metal tweezers. Some students were 5. (willing) to join this career at first, because they thought the work was boring. But the speakers were 6. (patient) enough to show us 7. (science) ways to protect heritage. We all realize that finishing related training is a basic 8. (require) for this job. 【答案】 1. organised ; 2. restorers ; 3. restoration ; 4. equipment ; 5. unwilling ; 6. patient ; 7. scientific ; 8. requirement 【解析】 1. organised：时间状语 last week 为一般过去时，organise 变过去式 organised。 2. restorers：several 后接可数名词复数，restore 转换为表职业的名词 restorer，复数 restorers。 3. restoration：The 后接名词作主语，restore 动词变为 restoration（修复工作）。 4. equipment：不可数名词，无复数形式。 5. unwilling：根据转折逻辑，学生一开始不愿意从事该职业，willing 变反义词 unwilling。 6. patient：be 动词后接形容词作表语，patient（有耐心的）原形。 7. scientific：修饰名词 ways 用形容词，science 变 scientific。 8. requirement：a basic 后接单数名词，require 动词变 requirement（必备条件）。 Passage 2 Different Jobs We Can Choose There are many wonderful jobs for teenagers to consider. The 1. (digital) of culture creates new jobs for young 2. (journal). They record the stories of traditional craftsmen through voxpops. Many old buildings are damaged 3. (due) to 4. (damp) and worms, so the job of restorer is very important. Workers use small tools 5. (fix) damaged wood every day. The long 6. (period) of training scares some students, but you can get 7. (extra) professional skills if you stick to it. A chemistry 8. (background) will also bring you advantages in this field. 【答案】 1. digitalisation ; 2. journalists ; 3. due ; 4. damp ; 5. to fix ; 6. period ; 7. extra ; 8. background 【解析】 1. digitalisation：The 后接名词作主语，digitise 动词转换为 digitalisation（数字化）。 2. journalists：young 后无冠词，表一类人用复数，journalist 复数 journalists。 3. due：固定短语 due to 由于，无变形。 4. damp：to 介词后接名词，damp 作名词表示 “湿气”。 5. to fix：use sth. to do sth. 不定式作目的状语。 6. period：a long 后接单数名词，training period 培训时长。 7. extra：形容词直接修饰名词 skills，无需变形。 8. background：不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，chemistry background 化学专业背景。 三、阅读理解 Born in a small village, Vijay Pratap Singh received his early education in a local school in India. In 2012, he graduated from university and later began working at a bank. However, getting used to life in the southern city was tough. “It was difficult to manage food, language and social customs. I could hardly fit into the local community,” Vijay said. At that time, he would explore nearby forests and mountains for peace. At 23, Vijay left his job to start AdvenThrill, an adventure travel company. He knew that understanding the technicalities of trekking (远足的技术性细节) would be important, so he completed a mountaineering course at the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering. Over time, he built a network of trained trekking leaders. Trekkers are advised to follow a 20-day fitness plan at home before a trek. “Anyone can apply, but they must provide medical test reports,” Vijay said. The reports are checked before booking. “That’s why we only accept sign-ups a month in advance to ensure there’s enough time to review their physical condition,” Vijay explained. “Before the trek begins, we also conduct medical examinations every day to track blood pressure and other vital signs (生命体征). If anyone is found unfit, they are cared for at the base camp.” Looking ahead, Vijay wants to open new unexplored trekking paths. “It’s a slow process, requiring better GPS mapping and more field research, but it could reshape the trekking landscape of India. If the right safety measures and infrastructure (基础设施) are put in place, we can attract more international trekkers,” Vijay said. 1．What made life challenging for Vijay when he worked at the bank? A．The lifestyle differences. B．The few outdoor activities. C．The city's weather conditions. D．The working hours at the bank. 2．Why did Vijay complete the mountaineering course? A．To improve his physical fitness. B．To learn skills for his business. C．To become a famous mountaineer. D．To teach higher-level trekking skills. 3．How does AdvenThrill ensure trekking safety? A．By asking international guides for help. B．By controlling the number of trekkers. C．By setting strict requirements. D．By conducting daily training. 4．What can be inferred from Vijay’s words in the last paragraph? A．He will work for Indian infrastructure soon. B．New trekking paths have become easier to open in India. C．He thinks that GPS mapping is more important than field research. D．Better safety measures may help India draw more foreign trekkers. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An Indian started a travel company and makes trekking safe. B．There are some new unexplored trekking paths in India. C．Trekking is a fun sport that many people in India enjoy. D．It's hard to get used to local life in a new city. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文简要讲述了印度人 Vijay 不适应银行城市工作，辞职创办徒步旅行公司，学习专业登山知识、制定严格安全保障制度运营业务，还计划开辟新徒步线路、吸引海外游客的故事。 1．根据第一段中Vijay所说的话“It was difficult to manage food, language and social customs. I could hardly fit into the local community”可知，他在银行工作时面临的挑战主要源于饮食、语言和社会习俗等方面的差异，即生活方式的不同。故选A。 2．根据第二段“He knew that understanding the technicalities of trekking…would be important, so he completed a mountaineering course…”可知，他参加课程是为了掌握经营冒险旅行公司所需的专业技能和知识。故选B。 3．根据第三段内容可知，公司要求徒步者遵循20天健身计划、提供医疗报告、提前一个月报名以便审核身体状况，且每天出发前进行体检。这些措施都属于严格的要求，旨在确保徒步安全。故选C。 4．根据最后一段“If the right safety measures and infrastructure…are put in place, we can attract more international trekkers”可知，Vijay认为更好的安全措施有助于吸引外国徒步者，提升印度徒步旅行的吸引力。故选D。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Vijay 创办冒险旅行公司AdvenThrill的经历，重点描述了他如何通过专业培训组建团队以及制定严格的医疗和安全措施来保障徒步者的安全，并展望了未来发展。选项A“一位印度人创办了旅行公司并使徒步旅行更安全”最能概括文章核心内容。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $