Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

英语 必修第三册 Discovering Useful Structures一语法·提高语言能力 1.结合真实语境理解英语中省略的用法，并学会正确运用省略 课时目标 2.正确运用该结构描述一次体现多元文化的旅行经历或介绍某地的文化特色。 单元语法 省略 (You)Shut up!住嘴！ 图解·语法脉络 (I)Beg your pardon. 简单句中的省略 请您原谅。/请再说一遍。 (You)Want a hand?需要帮忙吗？ 并列句中的省略 2.省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致 省略 复合句中的省略 时，下句或后句常省略宾语。 -Do you know Mr Li? 动词不定式中的省略 -I don't know (him). 其他情况 替代性省略 的省略 你认识李先生吗？ 介词的省略 我不认识。 3.省略主语和谓语（或主语和谓语的一部分）：在某 感知·语法规律 些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为 了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语（或主语 1.And what a city (it is)-a city that was able to 和谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、 rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred 状语或其他成分。 in1906. (You come)This way,please. 2.My hotel is near downtown,in the Mission 请这边走。（省略了主语和谓语） District,(which is)one of the oldest parts of the (Have you)Got any ink? city. 你有墨水吗？（省略了主语和谓语的一部分） 3.This district used to be a poor area of town,but [即时练1]写出下列句子的省略形式 (this district)is now a centre for art,music,and ①It doesn't matter. food. 4.(It is)A real mix of cultures here! 2Is there anyone here to wait on us? 5.What great food (it is)! 6.(I)Can't wait! 3It sounds interesting. 精讲·语法知识 4What a clever boy he is! 为了使语言简洁或避免重复，将句子中的一个 或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避： 二、并列句中的省略 免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复 法手段。 的词或词组。 一、简单句中的省略 :1.省略共同的主语或宾语，变为简单句。 1.省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在 Tom picked up a comic on the floor and (Tom) 祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是 handed it to his teacher. 在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you 汤姆在地板上捡起了一本连环画杂志并把它交 和疑问句中的主语。 给了他的老师。 76 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES She washed (the shirt),(she)ironed (the shirt), Don't do it till (it is)too late. and (she)folded the shirt. 不要等到太晚了才做。 她洗了衬衫，并且把它熨好、折叠好。 (2)在though,although等引导的让步状语从 2.若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情 句中。 态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情 Though (they were)tired,they went on working. 态动词。 虽然累了，但他们继续工作。 Jack must have been playing football and Mary (3)在if,unless等引导的条件状语从句中。 (must have been)doing her homework. You shouldn't come to his party unless (you are) 杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做家庭： invited. 作业。 除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的派对。 3.若主语和谓语动词都相同，则省略后面的主谓 (4)在as,asif,as though等引导的方式状语从句中 成分。 He opened his mouth as if (he was to say something. His claim made me happy,but (his claim made) 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 Jim angry. He did as (he was)told. 他的断言使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。 他按要求做了。 4.若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省 [名师点津]常用的省略结构 略主要动词及后续部分。 ·ifs0如果那样的话 He has a knowledge of china but his friend ·if not如果不的话 doesn't (have a knowledge of china). ·if anything要说真有什么的话 他具备瓷器知识，但他的朋友不具备。 ·if ever如果有过的话 [即时练2]还原下列省略结构 ·if necessary如果必要的话 DSome of us study Japanese and others English. ·if possible如果可能的话 ->Some of us study Japanese and ·wherever possible任何可能的地方 2He is a programmer and I am,too. ·where necessary有必要的地方 →He is a programmer and If(it is)necessary,I'll explain it to you again. 3I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 如果有必要的话，我会再向你解释一遍。 →I work in a factory and 3.定语从句中的省略 三、复合句中的省略 (1)一般说来，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关 1.宾语从句中的省略 系代词that,which,who,whom可以省略；而在 在宾语从句中常省略连词that,但当及物动词之 非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不可以 后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个 省略。 连词t小hat可以省略。 The man (whom)you saw yesterday fell ill. I know (that)she is a teacher and that she is an 你昨天见到的那个人病倒了。 excellent writer. The man,whom you saw yesterday,fell ill. 我知道她是一名老师，也是一名优秀的作家。 那个人病倒了，你昨天见到他了。 2.状语从句中的省略 (2)当先行词是way,且引导词在定语从句中作 当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致或从句： 方式状语时，引导词可用in which或that,也可 主语是it,并且从句谓语中有be动词时，常可以 以省略。 省略从句中的主语和be动词。省略句中的谓语： The way (in which/that)these comrades treat 动词和逻辑主语之间构成主谓关系，则使用现在： problems is wrong. 分词；若构成动宾关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语 这些同志对待问题的方式是错误的。 动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。 [即时练3] (l)在as,before,till,until,when,while等引导的 (1)单句语法填空 时间状语从句中。 ①When (walk)the dog on the While (I was)walking along the street,I heard street,you can't be careful enough. my name called. ②When (heat),ice can be turned 当我正沿街而行时，我听到有人叫我的名字。 into water. 77 英语必修第三册 ③When ask)about his mar- make,let等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to riage,he made no answer. 省略。如果这些动词用于被动语态，其后的动词 4The climate here is quite pleasant,the temper- 不定式符号to不能省略（但let除外）。 ature rarely, ever,reaching30℃ We often hear him sing the song at home. in summer. -He is often heard to sing the song at home. (2)写出下列句中能省略的部分 我们经常听到他在家唱这首歌。 5I believe that she will help you and that you ②两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and,or, will succeed. than,but连接时，从第二个不定式起，往往省略 6I'll give you all that I have as long as you are 不定式符号to。但如果强调对比之意不能省略。 happy. DWhenever it is possible,he will come to my She'd like to take off her coat and have a break. help. 她想脱去外套休息一会儿。 8He was knocked down while he was crossing He believes it important to study rather than to the street. make friends.(比较) 四、其他情况的省略 他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。 1.动词不定式中的省略 ③在why或why not引起的表示建议或责问的 动词不定式中的省略现象可分为两种情况：一是； 省略问句中。 动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略；二是动 Why get so excited? 词不定式符号to的省略。 为什么变得那么激动？ (1)省略动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的情况： ④由all,what引导的主语从句或者主语被the ①一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，： only,the first,the one,the least或形容词最高级 lexpect,want,hope,wish,love,hate,decide, 修饰而且从句中含有do的某种形式时，其表语 plan,mean,try,would like,be ready,be afraid, 如果是不定式，则往往可省略to。 be glad等后，动词不定式省略to后面的动词部： 分，但保留to。 What you have to do is (to)study even harder to -Will you go with me? make preparations for your future. Well,I'd like to (go with you). 你需要做的是更加努力学习为将来做准备」 你愿意和我一起去吗？ [名师点津]but,except作介词，后接动词不定 嗯，我愿意（和你一起去）。 式。如果这些介词之前有行为动词d0的各种形 ②不定式作宾语补足语时，省略to后的动词部 式，那么这些介词后的不定式不带to,反之则要 分，即用to代替整个不定式。 带to。 You'd better finish the job on time if he orders She could do nothing but cry. you to (finish the job on time). 她除了哭什么也做不了。 如果他命令你，你最好按时完成工作 He has no choice but to leave. [名师点津]如果该不定式后的动词是be或完： 他别无选择只有离开。 成时态，则需在to后加上be或have。 [即时练4]写出下列句中黑体词后省略的部分 Are you a lawyer? DThe boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the No,but I hope to be (a lawyer). street,but his mother told him not to. 你是律师吗？ 不是，但是我希望是 -Have you been to the West Lake? 2-Would you like to join me for a quick lunch -I hope to have (been to the West Lake). before class? 你去过西湖吗？ -I'd like to,but I promised Nancy to go out 我希望去过（西湖）。 with her. (2)省略动词不定式符号to的情况 3You can't force him to read the poetry if he's ①动词不定式作感官动词feel,see,notice, not ready to. watch,hear,listen to,observe和使役动词have,; 4You can go with us if you want to. 78 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES 2.替代性省略 :3.介词的省略 so和not作替代词，代替被省略的某个词（组）或 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以 句子，一般和表示个人看法或想法的动词连用， 省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有： 作be,become的表语或afraid,believe,do, (1)have difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth expect,fear,hope,imagine,say,see,speak,: (2)be busy (in)doing sth (3)spend some time (in)doing sth suppose,think等的宾语。not代替否定的句子， (4)stop/prevent sb(from)doing sth 还可放在perhaps,probably,absolutely等副 The heavy rain prevented him (from)arriving 词后。 there on time. -Can you finish your work today? 大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。 -I think so./I don't think so./I think not. 一你今天能完成工作吗？ 语境综合应用 我认为能。/我认为不能。 根据括号内的汉语提示用省略结构补全短文 [即时练5] Mom was in the kitchen.She talked 1. (1)单句语法填空 (当准备他们的晚饭时).She said to Tom, D-Do you think our team will win? “2 (当心车辆)when crossing the -I don't think street..”3. (如果有必要的话)，she let Tom wait for a while.However,Tom didn't (2)用省略结构改写句子 respond.She hurriedly left the room 4. 2-Shall we have a test tomorrow? (好像生气了).Seeing this,Tom felt sorry and5. -I hope we won't have a test tomorrow. (害怕)，so he ran to Mom apologizing to her. Shall we have a test tomorrow? 温馨提示 请做课时分层检测（十） -I hope Reading for Writing一读写·学以致用 1.阅读并介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方，感受多元文化之间的关系及其意义。 课时目标 2,在讨论中记录有价值的想法，并组织信息，搭建文章结构，写出简要的提纲。 3,掌握本课时重点单词、短语以及句式结构的用法。 Part 1 多背诵/充盈词汇 19 课文语基积累 n. 项目；一件商品（或物品）； 一条（新闻） (一)背重点词汇 10. ol. 包含；含有；容纳 n. 气候 11. 仅举几例 2 adj. 温和的；和善的；轻微的！12。 太极拳 3. l.&.vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决13. 第一手；亲自 (纠纷) (二)背经典句式 建筑；建造；建造物；（句：l.It is a very popular tourist draw that receives 子、短语等的)结构 more visitors each year than even the Golden n. 材料；布料；素材 Gate Bridge. adj. 物质的；实际的 它是一个炙手可热的旅游景点，每年接待的游客 6 n. 衣服；服装 甚至比金门大桥还多。 7. adj. 药草的；香草的 2.The climate is mild all year round,meaning it is 8. ot. 适合；满足…需要；相 always a good time to visit. 配；合身 这里全年气候温和，这意味着任何时候都适宜来 n. 西服；套装 游览。 795,D[细节理解题。根据第三段的“Kitakyushu city was formed in! 1963..will be held in2021.”可知，第12次文化部长会议在北九州 Part 2 举行。故远D。] 第二遍 6.B[段落大意题。根据第四段的“According to the announcement..,the!步骤- Winter(ympic and Paralympic Games in Beijing in2022."可推断，第四段；C 主要介绍这四个举办城市的使命。故远B。] 步骤二 7.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Every year one or two cities in:阅读文章第1、2段 each country..through culture and arts'”可知，“东亚文化城市”项！l.(1)~(2)BA 目的最初目的是通过文化艺术来加强城市关系。故选C。] !2.①look,smell,sound,taste②smelled great③but they're not so Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在如今的信息时代，： elegant 人们已经很少写信了，但百万可爱信网站的Ann Bickley仿然坚持写：阅读文章第3至5段 信给陌生人带去希望和安慰，她从不在信中劝别人，她只是以这种方 11.(1)(2)CA 式让他们知道世界上还有人关心他们。 ·2.①如果你能给我这样一次展示我能力的机会，我真的不胜感激。 l.B [just as one put it表示“正如某人所说”，为固定结构。故远i 2What an amazing experience! B项。J 3We can't wait to see them! 2.A[根据常识可知，信能让我们和身在别处的朋友说话，此处用步骤三 t①visiting ②the‘Mission School' ③arrived④a Cantonese absent表示“不在场的，在别处的”，故选A项。] restaurant⑤a jazz bar 3.C裉据常识可知，如今人们可以借助即时短信、社交媒体和邮件， 进行交流，写信收信的机会几乎没有，因此写信和收信已经成了一， Part 3 件稀罕事，故远C项。] ！第一板块 4.A[根据下文“That'sten years without the bitter-sweet pleasure of1.④to/into⑤stealing/having stolen⑥tobe⑦admission pacing the flor waiting for the postman'可知，我们很多人10年没2.④o⑤It⑥o give⑦hit/struck⑧ake place⑨came about 有收到过信了，故选A项。] @broke out①occurred②happened 5.B[根据空后的"to read its content”可知，撕开信封才能读到信里！3.④after⑤out⑥to improve⑦Seeking⑧seek a pen pal who 面的内容，故远B项。] is interested in traveling Oseek advice from your teacher 6.D[第二段第一句“AUK-wide survey undertaken by..at least 10;4.③as④togo⑤from years”表明，这项调查是在英国进行的，受访的自然是英国人，故选5，③about④in⑤down⑥up⑦out⑧put an end to D项。] !6.③from④being killed⑤had a narrow escape⑥被遗忘 7.CL上文“We may not get them any more,but we still love!第二板块 handwritten letters.”表明，我们仍然喜欢手写的信，所以仍然会记2.①the changing situation②gathering at the school gate 得那些感情真垫的信的内容，故选C项。 who will come to the party 8.D [make time to do sth意为“腾出时间做某事”；上文“We may not3.①named②produced③specially designed for beginners]like you get them any more.,the content of sentimental(充满情感的)i letters.”表明，人们喜欢手写的信件，依旧记得信的内容，所以我们： Part 4 应该花时间给朋友和家人写信，故选D项。] I.1.jazz 2.claiming 3.afterwards 4.diagram 5.journals 9,A[根据常识可知，Ann Bickley应该是给与她联系的人写信，故远， 6.china 7.downtown 8.mission 9.district 10.bar A项。] II.1.definitely 2.being caught 3.questioned 4.carrying 10.B[句意：她的网站在最初的三个月里接待了50000名访客。： 5.to make 6.admission 7.historical 8.his 9.up A.guests客人；B.visitors访客；C.friends朋友；D.partners伙伴。 10.immigrants 根据“Her website”"可知，有很多人访问了她的网站，故选B项。]！Ⅲ.l.brought about2.Apart from3.head to4,seek their fortune 1l.A[根据下文“has personally written4,O00 letters offering hope” 5.series of 6.earn a living 可知，地已经写了4000封信，由此可见，她是该网站的主力，故选V.L.,There is no doubt that there are numerous students looking A项。门 forward to being admitted to a key university. l2.B[根据空前的“hope”可知，地写信给陌生人带来希望和安慰，故2.No students can escape meeting with challenges and dilemmas in 选B项。] their life and study. l3.C[此处是说一封信背后的想法和信的内容一样重要，C项！3.So to assist you to achieve your dream,please follow my advice. matters符合语境。故远C项。 4.Firstly,apart from studying hard,you should also take part in some 14.D「结合常识可知，安慰别人最常见的一句话是“一切都会好起来 after-class activities to relax yourself. 的”，但Ann Bickley从不这样安慰别人，故选D项。] 5.Secondly,you can seek advice from your teachers and friends,which l5.B[Ann Bickley从不在信中安慰别人，她只是以这种方式让人们{ can bring out the best in yourself. 知道世界上还有人关心他们，故选B项。] 6.All in all,I do hope that you have the fortune to study in your ideal ! university in three years. Reading and Thinking V.1.definitely 2.living 3.Central 4.called 5.was influenced 6.which/that 7.to seek 8.a 9.immigrants 10.from Part 1 Discovering Useful Structures 1.occur 2.downtown 3.district 4.afterwards 5.seek 6.earn 7.china 8.jazz 9.bar 10.journal 11.claim 单元语法 12.series 13.escape !精讲·语法知识 1.admit 2.definitely 3.historical 4.select 5.minority !即时练1①Doesn't matter. 6.fortune 7.diverse diversity 2Anyone here to wait on us? 1.head to 2.seek one's fortune 3.earn a living 4.series of ③Sounds interesting. 5.apart from/aside from 6.bring about 7.on top of... ④What a clever boy! 8.used to9.in the same year 10.all over the world 11.a bit of即时练2①others study English②I am a programmer,too 12.more than 13.be home to my brother works on a farm H,1.sitting by my side 2.called 3.which gave us a second life !即时练3①walking②heated③asked④if⑤第一个that 4.To realize my dream ⑥that⑦itis⑧he was 235 即时练4①ride his bicycle in the street②join you for a quick lunch:Ⅱ.l.varieties2.suitable3.construction4.settlement5.mildly before class③read the poetry④go with us 6.but 7.a 8.finishing 9.is located 10.to 即时训练5①so②not 、 Il.1.was suitable for 2.under construction 3.such as 语境综合应用 4.turn into 5.at first hand 6.to name but a few 1.while preparing their supper 2.Look out for cars IV.1.There are many tourist draws/attractions in Yunnan Province, 3.If necessary some of which are famous,such as Lijiang,Xishuangbanna and 4.as if angry 5.frightened so on. Reading for Writing 2.Kunming,the capital city,with its mild climate all year round,is suitable to live in. Part 1 3.What attracts me most is the natural beauty of Lijiang 课文语基积累 4.I long/desire to visit the Old Town of Lijiang with my best friend 背重点词汇 hand in hand. 1.climate 2.mild 3.settle 4.construction 5.material 6.clothing 5.Because of its mild weather and beautiful scenery,I decide to settle 7.herbal 8.suit 9.item 10.contain 11.to name but a few down in Yunnan in the future. 12.tai chi 13.(at)first hand 写作专项训练 I,参考范文 Part 2 Ladies and Gentlemen, Activity 1 Welcome to Beijing!My name is Li Hua,and I feel honored to be 1.C2.D3.A4.D your guide for the tour.Now,I'd like to tell you something about Activity 2 Beijing. I.1.tourist draw 2.Climate 3.settled 4.destroyed 5.rebuilt Beijing is the capital of China and the center for politics and 6.sites 7.Chinese food 8.diverse culture I culture.It enjoys a long and rich history.There are numerous famous Activity 3 places of interest and wonderful examples of ancient architecture,such 1.The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America,and also as the world-famous Great Wall,the Temple of Heaven and the the oldest. Forbidden City.Besides sightseeing places,there are many delicious 2.The climate is mild all year round,meaning it is always a good time foods such as Beijing roast ducks.There is no doubt that Beijing is to visit. really a good place to travel. 3.Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of I hope you all have a pleasant time here. Canton,to name but a few. Ⅱ参考范文： 4.These days,the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese When she almost stepped out of the forest,she heard her family culture in real life,such as games of Chinese chess,and people crying.As soon as the family and her friends saw her standing at the practising tai chi. edge of the forest,they couldn't help jumping.The father approached Part 3 her and hugged her firmly,afraid that she would disappear again. Penny felt very excited.Then,they went to their house.After going 示例·分步写作 home,the family felt surprised and asked her what happened to her in 第一步 1.live in a small town 2.so many high-rise buildings and broad the forest. streets 3.the town lies/is located in the Chengdu Plain 4.many Assessing Your Progress kinds of crops are grown on the farm5.great changes have taken;话a动任务 place 6.have been put up 参考范文： 第二步 Hello,everybody!I am very pleased to be here to share my travel 1.Lying/Located in the Chengdu Plain 2.which makes a beautiful brochure with you.My destination is Canada,a collection of sight 3.making life pretty convenient multiculturalism.Canada is the second largest country in the world, Part 4 which is located in North America.As in China,the weather in Canada is different from area to area.In the north,the winter is long and hard, 第一板块 while on the west coast of Canada is a fairly warm place in winter.The l.③minority④majority⑤in⑥are distance from east to west is over 5,500 kilometers and the country Drespect the opinion of the majority covers six of the world's 24 time zones.Canada has one-third of the 2.③an④performed⑤performances world's supply of fresh water and much of the country is covered by Ogive a performance the next day forests.Fishing is also very important for Canadians.Fish from the east 3.settle and west coasts are sold to many other countries.I conclude by saying ③into④settled⑤down⑥settlement⑦settlers that you will be impressed by its scenery if you go on a tour of Canada. construction 2construct a new supermarket being constructed 单元词汇集中识记 4.③his best suit④suit his conversation to⑤is suitable for 默写练习一 ⑥fits matches suits 5.contains all the information 4contain myself ,词汇默写 第二板块 1.1.chip 2.cheese 3.spicy 4.definitely 5.downtown l.①What②That③What made me scared and shocked what we 6.mission 7.district 8.afterwards 9.seek 10.diagram realized what we should do next what seemed like ages 11.journal 12.claim 13.series 14.escape 15.diverse 2.Dall of whom spent the whole day picking fruits 2the changes of diversity 16.fortune fortunate unfortunate unfortunately which /whose changes have left a deep impression on me 17.admit admission 18.occur occurrence 19.historical history 20.earn earning 21.immigrant immigrate immigration Part 5 22.select selection 23.minority minor 语基综合训练 II.1.head to 2.seek one's fortune 3.earn a living 4.series of I.1.material 2.clothing 3.contains 4.items 5.climate 5.apart from6.bring about7.…的混合8.把…和…连 6.herbal 7.percentage 8.poetry 9.super 10.items 接起来9.一点10.迫不及待（做某事） 236