精品解析：天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校2025-2026学年下学期高一年级第二次限时训练英语学科试卷

天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校2025-2026学年（下） 高一年级第二次限时训练英语学科试卷 本试卷共100分。考试用时60分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上。考试结束后，交回答题卡。 祝各位考生考试顺利！ 第一节：单项填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1. —So you missed the football match held yesterday. —_____________. I got there 15 minutes before the end of it. A. Not likely B. Not a little C. Not at all D. Not exactly 2. As scheduled, the local authority has officially ________ the time and venue of the coming youth volunteer activity. A. confirmed B. conveyed C. calculated D. classified 3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 4. What made him succeed in the tough competition was not talent but ________ determination and endless efforts. A. mild B. sheer C. swift D. rigid 5. He told me on the phone that he had just bought the last book ________ the great man read before his death. A. where B. which C. when D. that 6. Many teenagers are totally ________ that staying up late will do lasting harm to their physical and mental health. A. cautious B. skeptical C. unaware D. conscious 7. All her time _________ experiments, she has no time for entertainment. A. devoted to doing B. devoted to do C. devoting to do D. is devoted to doing 8. The woman, _____ under the tree and _____ in a colorful dress, is the CEO of the company. A. sitting; wearing B. sitting; dressed C. seating; dressed D. seated; dressing 9. Nowadays people tend to ________ more fast food, which gradually causes various health problems. A. distribute B. consume C. preserve D. export 10. —What makes him so cheerful these days? —________a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted into 11. The expert was invited to ________ in detail how to form good English reading habits efficiently. A. demonstrate B. deceive C. draft D. donate 12. The door open, no matter how hard I tried. I suddenly realized that someone had locked it from inside. A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 13. Rich extracurricular activities can effectively ________ students’ potential and arouse their learning enthusiasm. A. increase B. stimulate C. supply D. restrict 14. The students have decided on a final date by which everyone ________ reading the books assigned by their professor. A. finishes B. finished C. have finished D. will have finished 15. —I did really badly on the math test last week. —That’s a pity. But you ________ more practice exercises before the test. They were very important. A. ought to have done B. must have done C. can do D. might do 16. I have to say that I ________ football for 3 years when I was in junior high, though I am not any good now. A. played B. have played C. had played D. would have played 17. Earthquakes ________ more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years. A. have contributed B. have claimed C. have cured D. have consumed 18. Your boss has put you ______ a new team because he believes in your leadership abilities. A. in charge of B. in favour of C. in honour of D. in place of 19. In the city center of Xi’an, I am sure you will ________ the buildings around you. A. be crowded with B. be fascinated by C. benefit from D. adapt to 20. —Edward, do you mind giving me a ride to the railway station? — . I’d be glad to. A. Yes, I do B. Of course not C. Never mind D. Go ahead 第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） As a music teacher, I have always known that music touches the soul. It can ____21____ all kinds of barriers (障碍) to reach students in a very special way. It can be the ____22____ for each child to find their light. I would like to ____23____ story about it. For a few years I was blessed with the opportunity to teach ____24____ students. One of my most ____25____ students was a five-year-old girl called Vanessa, who had difficulty walking, and could not speak. We ____26____ sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to ____27____ on my lap (膝盖). One of her favorite songs was “John the Rabbit”. It was a clapping and response song where I sang the call and the students ____28____ twice while singing the repeating phrase, “Oh, yes.” Vanessa liked to ____29____ her hands together with mine and clap with me. We probably performed that song during every class, Vanessa and I clapping together. But she ____30____ said or sang a word. One day, when the song was finished, Vanessa turned around, ____31____ me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands twice and said the words “Oh, yes!”. I opened my mouth in ____32____. When my heart ____33____ started beating again I looked over at the assistant teacher to find her also ____34____. Several years later, I met Vanessa on the street in town. She waved with a big ____35____ on her face and then clapped her hands twice, imitating (模仿) the song we had ____36____ so many times in our music class. The little girl, through her ____37____ with music, left an impression on me that will last forever. Every child has the ____38____ to learn and grow. It is up to us to ____39____ the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child’s ____40____ . 21. A. get across B. put away C. take over D. break through 22. A. means B. direction C. process D. effort 23. A. add B. read C. share D. write 24. A. disabled B. normal C. sad D. silly 25. A. troublesome B. hardworking C. memorable D. sensitive 26. A. partly B. greatly C. nearly D. mostly 27. A. stand B. sit C. lie D. jump 28. A. sang B. said C. followed D. clapped 29. A. strike B. put C. take D. shake 30. A. ever B. never C. still D. even 31. A. looked B. beat C. kissed D. felt 32. A. horror B. disappointment C. astonishment D. embarrassment 33. A. immediately B. fortunately C. strangely D. finally 34. A. anxious B. grateful C. speechless D. hopeless 35. A. greeting B. smile C. expression D. sign 36. A. performed B. operated C. trained D. organized 37. A. sympathy B. connection C. competition D. patience 38. A. standard B. necessity C. plan D. ability 39. A. discover B. change C. test D. make 40. A. virtue B. dream C. light D. rhythm 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A Boston University Summer Journalism Academy The Summer Journalism Academy at Boston University offers high school students the chance to enhance their journalism skills and prepare for college. The academy provides two options: an on-campus program lasting three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home online program lasting two weeks for all experience levels. For students interested in photography, a special photojournalism track is available in both options. New for 2024, on-campus students will have the opportunity for their stories to be considered for publication in the Daily Free Press, one of the nation’s top college newspapers. Each option is structured into three parts: Classroom, Newsroom, and Guest Talks. ● Classroom: Each day begins with a review of journalism fundamentals in a college-style setting, using a university-level textbook for readings and assignments. Instructors cover topics such as story ideas, sources and research, interviewing, story structure, writing for broadcast and web, accuracy, and more. ● Newsroom: Students apply what they learn by reporting on real news events. They conduct interviews by phone, email, and video to cover a wide range of stories. ● Guest Talks: Students receive advice and insights from journalism experts on topics like radio reporting, media law, and studying journalism in college. On-campus students also visit city newsrooms, such as WBUR public radio and the Boston Globe, gaining invaluable real-world experience and networking opportunities. Through these comprehensive learning experiences, students will not only improve their journalism skills but also be well-prepared for their future college studies. The academy aims to develop the next generation of journalists by providing them with the knowledge and practical experience they need to succeed. 41. What is required for on-campus students according to the passage? A. A college education. B. An interest in photography. C. A story published by the press. D. Previous experience in journalism. 42. What is the new feature for on-campus students in 2024? A. Visiting city newsrooms. B. A special photojournalism track. C. The opportunity to publish stories in the Daily Free Press. D. Daily readings and writing assignments. 43. What does “Newsroom” focus on? A. Practical application. B. Strategies for interviews. C. Research about real news. D. Ways of communicating. 44. What can only on-campus students do? A. Participate in guest talks. B. Study journalism. C. Visit city newsrooms. D. Write news stories. 45. What is a key goal of the academy? A. To improve communication skills. B. To develop future journalists. C. To provide college-level courses. D. To offer online learning options. B I’m Thomas from the United Kingdom, working in Beijing, and I’m a shopping addict (迷). The main source of my addiction is Taobao, China’s massive online shopping platform — a place for everything from clothes to books, and everything in between. It makes Amazon look like a corner shop. My favorite is mostly books and different kinds of water bottles. My cupboard has a shelf full of them, many of which my size will no longer allow me to crowd into. What’s worse is that the app’s very clever algorithms (算法) track what I look through, so every time I open it on my phone, I am greeted by an advertisement inviting me to dip deeper into my digital wallet. I don’t even have to open the app. They are available to purchase with just a tap of my finger. Once you make an order, you need to wait. The shipping gives your heart a little hit. Then there’s another little rush of endorphins (内啡肽) when the delivery person picks it up. You watch your package edging its way up the map to Beijing. When the app tells you it’s on the delivery bike, the same excitement as a kid on Christmas morning takes hold as you wait for the knock at the door. Much like a little dog waiting for its master to return home from work. The packaging is eagerly removed, exciting another hit of happiness. An hour later, the buyer’s regret comes. To make yourself feel better, you start using the app once more and the cycle starts all over again. I could blame (责备) my addiction on Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, Taobao’s parent company, or point a finger at Liu Qiangdong, founder of JD, a similarly addictive domestic shopping app. I could even blame Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, who started all this e-commerce. “Surely, Thomas,” I hear you ask, “instead of blaming poor billionaires, you should take responsibility for your own sudden desire and lack of willpower.” 46. Why is Thomas crazy about Taobao? A. It helps bring in money. B. He prefers online platforms. C. It offers multiple item options. D. Amazon is too distant to access. 47. How can Thomas’s phone know what he prefers? A. His digital wallet pays for it automatically. B. He searches online when he opens the phone. C. He communicates with the Taobao business owner. D. The app’s algorithms follow his digital footprints. 48. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The author’s expectation of the purchased item. B. The challenges of online shopping. C. The long journey of a purchased item. D. The accuracy of the shopping app. 49. What does the author want to convey in this passage? A. We should say no to e-commerce. B. We should blame Taobao. C. We should be responsible for our purchasing. D. We should admire billionaires. 50. What can we infer about Thomas from the passage? A. He has a strong will against online shopping. B. He finds himself trapped in the shopping cycle. C. He seldom feels happy when receiving the goods. D. He has stopped using online shopping apps. C In today’s digital age, where a vast ocean of information is just a click away, the question arises: can one learn too much? Given that no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information. Consider a scenario where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions. 51. What stops people from achieving the goal? A. The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. B. The inability to find relevant information. C. The confusion caused by the information. D. The desire to learn basic concept or strategy. 52. What does the author try to advocate in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Sticking to continuous learning. B. Taking practical action without delay. C. Gaining as much knowledge as possible. D. Prioritizing theoretical knowledge in study. 53. Why is practical experience important in the learning process? A. It replaces continuous learning. B. It removes obstacles in learning. C. It holds back theoretical understanding. D. It offers a comprehensive understanding. 54. The example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5 is used to ________. A. compare different learning styles B. show the importance of making mistakes C. emphasize the need for parental guidance D. explain learning through action and experience 55. What makes the best title for the passage? A. The Paradox of Information Overload B. The Harmony of Learning and Doing C. The Pursuit of Balanced Knowledge D. The Process of Learning to Walk D For as long as there have been gifts, we naturally make choices based on the recipient (接受者). But what if we have been wrong all along and that we could turn things around, which not only made gift buying easier, but the recipient happier? In 2015, psychologists Lauren Human and Lara Aknin conducted an online survey, which suggested that when people buy gifts, they prefer to choose something based on the recipient’s personality and tastes. Most people also said that they preferred receiving gifts bought with them in mind: gifts for them. But Human and Aknin wondered if this approach to giving failed to take advantage of the way we connect as people. So they sent 78 volunteers into a shopping centre before Mother’s Day. Half were told to buy a card that “reveals(揭示) your knowledge of the recipient” while the others set out to buy a card that “reveals your true self”. After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers. To find out how that approach goes down with recipients, the psychologists did another test, asking more than 100 students to choose a song on iTunes to give to a friend, partner or family member. Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers. Results revealed that recipients of songs that revealed something of the givers felt closer to them than those who received gifts bought only with them in mind. Human and Aknin suggest it might apply to all gifts. “If building stronger social connections is the underlying (潜在的) goal” of a gift and surely it should be—then we “may well be advised to offer more self-reflective gifts”. In short, for a present to be meaningful, you need to give away a bit of yourself, even if there is a risk that the gift might not so closely suit the recipient’s practical needs or tastes as one acquired purely with that in mind. Moreover, giving something of oneself can be a safer act, the psychologists added. Because it reduces the risk of revealing poor knowledge of a recipient by attempting to buy something that fits their character—and failing. But a note of caution here: what the research does not examine is the potential risk in repeated, unsympathetic giver-centered giving, which, according to Human and Aknin “could signal self-obsession” —and nobody wants to reveal that about themselves. 56. From the Mother’s Day card test, we can conclude that ________. A. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the giver B. most people choose gifts with the recipient in mind C. most people choose gifts based on their personal tastes D. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the recipient 57. What do the underlined words “them, them” refer to in order of appearance? A. The recipients; the givers. B. The givers; the recipients. C. The givers; the givers. D. The recipients; the recipients. 58. What does the author think is the significance of gift giving? A. Making the giver’s life happier. B. Showing one’s knowledge of the recipient. C. Establishing and strengthening social connections. D. Meeting the recipient’s practical needs. 59. Which of the following is Human and Aknin’s advice on gift giving? A. Choose gifts that reflect more of yourself. B. Just focus on your own tastes when choosing gifts. C. Buy something that fits the recipient’s character most. D. Be careful not to signal your true personality. 60. Which is the best title of this passage? A. The tradition of gift giving. B. The purpose of gift giving. C. The effect of gift giving. D. The psychology of gift giving. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校2025-2026学年（下） 高一年级第二次限时训练英语学科试卷 本试卷共100分。考试用时60分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上。考试结束后，交回答题卡。 祝各位考生考试顺利！ 第一节：单项填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1. —So you missed the football match held yesterday. —_____________. I got there 15 minutes before the end of it. A. Not likely B. Not a little C. Not at all D. Not exactly 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】空处短语辨析。句意：——所以你错过了昨天举办的足球赛。——不完全是。我在它结束前十五分钟赶到了那里。A. Not likely不大可能；B. Not a little许多；C. Not at all 一点也不；D. Not exactly不完全是，此处应表示没有完全错过昨天那场比赛，故选D。 2. As scheduled, the local authority has officially ________ the time and venue of the coming youth volunteer activity. A. confirmed B. conveyed C. calculated D. classified 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：按照计划，地方当局已经正式确认了即将到来的青年志愿者活动的时间和地点。A. confirmed确认；B. conveyed传达；C. calculated计算；D. classified分类。根据主语“the local authority”和宾语“the time and venue of the coming youth volunteer activity”可知，官方确认活动的时间和地点，confirmed符合本句语境。 3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查“名词＋of which”引导的定语从句。句意：最近我买了一个中国古花瓶，它的价格很合理。这里含有一个定语从句，the price of which相当于of which the price或whose price。故选B。 4. What made him succeed in the tough competition was not talent but ________ determination and endless efforts. A. mild B. sheer C. swift D. rigid 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：让他在激烈的竞争中成功的不是天赋，而是纯粹的决心和不懈的努力。 A. mild温和的；B. sheer纯粹的；C. swift迅速的；D. rigid严格的。此处需要一个形容词修饰determination(决心)，sheer determination(纯粹的/十足的决心)符合语境。 5. He told me on the phone that he had just bought the last book ________ the great man read before his death. A. where B. which C. when D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他打电话跟我说，他刚刚买到了这位伟人去世前读过的最后一本书。定语从句修饰先行词book，在从句作宾语，且由the last修饰，只能that引导。故选D。 6. Many teenagers are totally ________ that staying up late will do lasting harm to their physical and mental health. A. cautious B. skeptical C. unaware D. conscious 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多青少年完全没有意识到熬夜会对他们的身心健康造成持久的伤害。A. cautious谨慎的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. unaware未意识到的；D. conscious意识到的。根据语境可知，青少年通常是“没有意识到”熬夜带来的长远危害。 7. All her time _________ experiments, she has no time for entertainment. A. devoted to doing B. devoted to do C. devoting to do D. is devoted to doing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她把她的一生都贡献给了实验，没有时间娱乐。这里逗号后是一个完整的句子，逗号前All her time _________ experiments没有引导词，所以它不是从句；中间是逗号，没有并列连词，也不可能是并列句；句子的主语是she，all her time是所在句子的逻辑主语，与devote是被动关系，所以此处是独立主格结构，再根据devote all one's time to doing意为“把一生贡献给做某事”。故选A。 【名师点睛】 非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。所以独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。如本题即为独立主格结构。 8. The woman, _____ under the tree and _____ in a colorful dress, is the CEO of the company. A. sitting; wearing B. sitting; dressed C. seating; dressed D. seated; dressing 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：坐在树下，穿着五颜六色的裙子的女人是这家公司的首席执行官。此处sitting是现在分词作定语，修饰主语the woman，表示与主语之间是主动和进行的关系；be dressed in穿着，强调状态，作定语，省去了 be；seat 的意思是“使坐下”，及物动词，表示就坐时，有两种：be seated (on the chair /on beach/on the bed ……)，seat oneself (on the chair/on bench /on the bed……)，故选B。 9. Nowadays people tend to ________ more fast food, which gradually causes various health problems. A. distribute B. consume C. preserve D. export 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今人们倾向于食用更多快餐，这逐渐引发各类健康问题。A. distribute分配；B. consume食用，消费；C. preserve保存；D. export出口。根据语境和“which gradually causes various health problems”可知，此处指食用更多快餐导致健康问题，consume符合句意。 10. —What makes him so cheerful these days? —________a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted into 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语及被动语态。​ 句意：——这些天是什么让他这么开心？——被一所重点大学录取。​ 答句为省略结构，完整形式是Being admitted into a key university makes him so cheerful these days，空处需作主语。非谓语动词中，能作主语的是动名词或不定式；“被大学录取”为被动关系，需用被动语态。A选项Admitted into是过去分词，不能单独作主语；B选项Admitting是现在分词主动形式，不符合被动含义；C选项Having been admitted into是现在分词完成式的被动形式，不作主语；D选项Being admitted into是动名词的被动形式，可作主语，符合要求。故选D。 11. The expert was invited to ________ in detail how to form good English reading habits efficiently. A. demonstrate B. deceive C. draft D. donate 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位专家受邀详细讲解如何高效养成良好的英语阅读习惯。A. demonstrate示范，讲解；B. deceive欺骗；C. draft起草；D. donate捐赠。根据“how to form good English reading habits efficiently”可知，此处指专家示范传授学习方法，demonstrate含义匹配句子逻辑。 12. The door open, no matter how hard I tried. I suddenly realized that someone had locked it from inside. A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：无论我怎么用力，那扇门就是打不开。我突然意识到，有人从里面把它锁上了。A. wouldn’t不会，不愿意；B. couldn’t不能够；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. mustn’t不准。由someone had locked it from inside可知，此处表示门不按照预期或常规的方式打开，用wouldn’t，用于描述物体在多次尝试下仍不合作的拟人化表达。故选A。 13. Rich extracurricular activities can effectively ________ students’ potential and arouse their learning enthusiasm. A. increase B. stimulate C. supply D. restrict 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：丰富的课外活动能够有效激发学生的潜能并调动他们的学习积极性。A. increase增加；B. stimulate激发；C. supply提供；D. restrict限制。根据“students’ potential”可知，此处考查固定搭配stimulate one’s potential“激发潜能”，stimulate符合句意。 14. The students have decided on a final date by which everyone ________ reading the books assigned by their professor. A. finishes B. finished C. have finished D. will have finished 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：学生们决定了最后的日期，到那时每个人都将读完教授布置的书。根据“a final date by which”可知，此处表示将来某个时间完成的动作，应该用将来完成时，故D项正确。 15. —I did really badly on the math test last week. —That’s a pity. But you ________ more practice exercises before the test. They were very important. A. ought to have done B. must have done C. can do D. might do 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——上周我的数学考试考得非常糟糕。——真遗憾。但你本应该在考试前多做一些练习题的。这些练习题非常重要。A. ought to have done过去本应该做某事（但实际上没做）；B. must have done一定做了，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；C. can do能做；D. might do可能做。can do，might do表示现在的推测，不能表示过去本应做的事，故排除。根据上文“I did really badly on the math test last week.”可知事实对方没有做练习，因此，表示对方过去应该做练习。故选A。 16. I have to say that I ________ football for 3 years when I was in junior high, though I am not any good now. A. played B. have played C. had played D. would have played 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我不得不说我在初中的时候踢了3年足球，虽然我现在踢得不好。根据“when I was in junior high”可知，此处只是描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故选A。 17. Earthquakes ________ more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years. A. have contributed B. have claimed C. have cured D. have consumed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一百年里，地震夺走了160多万人的生命。A. have contributed有助于、贡献；B. have claimed夺走；C. have cured治愈；D. have consumed消耗、消费。根据Earthquakes和more than 1.6 million lives可知，此处表示地震夺走了160多万人的生命。故选B项。 18. Your boss has put you ______ a new team because he believes in your leadership abilities. A. in charge of B. in favour of C. in honour of D. in place of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你的老板让你负责一个新的团队，因为他相信你的领导能力。A. in charge of负责；B. in favour of支持，赞成；C. in honour of为了纪念；D. in place of代替。由he believes in your leadership abilities可知，此处表示“让负责一个新的团队”，空格处意为“负责”。 19. In the city center of Xi’an, I am sure you will ________ the buildings around you. A. be crowded with B. be fascinated by C. benefit from D. adapt to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在西安的市中心，我相信你会被周围的建筑所吸引。A.be crowded with 挤满了；B.be fascinated by被……吸引；C.benefit from得益于；D.adapt to适应。根据“the buildings around you”可知，此处是指被周围的建筑所吸引。故选B。 20. —Edward, do you mind giving me a ride to the railway station? — . I’d be glad to. A. Yes, I do B. Of course not C. Never mind D. Go ahead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交易用语。句意：—爱德华，你介意载我去火车站吗?根据I’d be glad to.（我愿意）可知，此处表示“不介意”。A. Yes, I do是的，我介意；B. Of course not当然不（介意）；C. Never mind没关系；D. Go ahead好吧。故B选项正确。 第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） As a music teacher, I have always known that music touches the soul. It can ____21____ all kinds of barriers (障碍) to reach students in a very special way. It can be the ____22____ for each child to find their light. I would like to ____23____ story about it. For a few years I was blessed with the opportunity to teach ____24____ students. One of my most ____25____ students was a five-year-old girl called Vanessa, who had difficulty walking, and could not speak. We ____26____ sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to ____27____ on my lap (膝盖). One of her favorite songs was “John the Rabbit”. It was a clapping and response song where I sang the call and the students ____28____ twice while singing the repeating phrase, “Oh, yes.” Vanessa liked to ____29____ her hands together with mine and clap with me. We probably performed that song during every class, Vanessa and I clapping together. But she ____30____ said or sang a word. One day, when the song was finished, Vanessa turned around, ____31____ me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands twice and said the words “Oh, yes!”. I opened my mouth in ____32____. When my heart ____33____ started beating again I looked over at the assistant teacher to find her also ____34____. Several years later, I met Vanessa on the street in town. She waved with a big ____35____ on her face and then clapped her hands twice, imitating (模仿) the song we had ____36____ so many times in our music class. The little girl, through her ____37____ with music, left an impression on me that will last forever. Every child has the ____38____ to learn and grow. It is up to us to ____39____ the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child’s ____40____ . 21. A. get across B. put away C. take over D. break through 22. A. means B. direction C. process D. effort 23. A. add B. read C. share D. write 24. A. disabled B. normal C. sad D. silly 25. A. troublesome B. hardworking C. memorable D. sensitive 26. A. partly B. greatly C. nearly D. mostly 27. A. stand B. sit C. lie D. jump 28. A. sang B. said C. followed D. clapped 29. A. strike B. put C. take D. shake 30. A. ever B. never C. still D. even 31. A. looked B. beat C. kissed D. felt 32. A. horror B. disappointment C. astonishment D. embarrassment 33. A. immediately B. fortunately C. strangely D. finally 34. A. anxious B. grateful C. speechless D. hopeless 35. A. greeting B. smile C. expression D. sign 36. A. performed B. operated C. trained D. organized 37. A. sympathy B. connection C. competition D. patience 38. A. standard B. necessity C. plan D. ability 39. A. discover B. change C. test D. make 40. A. virtue B. dream C. light D. rhythm 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位音乐教师分享她教残疾学生Vanessa的经历，通过音乐帮助这个无法说话和行走困难的小女孩找到自我表达的方式，展现了音乐突破障碍、触动心灵的力量。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：音乐能够突破各种障碍，以非常特殊的方式触及学生。A. get across使理解；B. put away收起；C. take over接管；D. break through突破。根据上文“As a music teacher, I have always known that music touches the soul.”及下文“all kinds of barriers (障碍) to reach students in a very special way”可知，音乐能够触动心灵，突破各种障碍、触及学生。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐可以成为每个孩子找到自己光芒的途径。A. means途径；B. direction方向；C. process过程；D. effort努力。根据上文“As a music teacher, I have always known that music touches the soul.”可知，音乐能够触动心灵，是帮助孩子发现自我光芒的途径。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想分享一个关于这方面的故事。A. add添加；B. read阅读；C. share分享；D. write写作。根据下文“story about it”可知，此处指分享一个关于这方面的故事。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有几年的时间里，我有幸能够教那些残疾学生。A. disabled残疾的；B. normal正常的；C. sad悲伤的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据下文“who had difficulty walking, and could not speak.”可知，此处指残疾学生。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最难忘的学生之一是一个名叫Vanessa的五岁小女孩，她走路困难，也不会说话。A. troublesome麻烦的；B. hardworking勤奋的；C. memorable难忘的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“left an impression on me that will last forever.”可知，Vanessa是作者难忘的学生之一。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：上音乐课时，我们大部分时间都坐在地板上，Vanessa喜欢坐在我的腿上。A. partly部分地；B. greatly极大地；C. nearly几乎；D. mostly主要地，大部分。根据语境可知，此处描述通常的上课状态，mostly表示“大部分时间”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上音乐课时，我们大部分时间都坐在地板上，Vanessa喜欢坐在我的腿上。A. stand站立；B. sit坐；C. lie躺；D. jump跳。根据上文“sat on the floor”以及下文“on my lap (膝盖).”可知，此处指坐在膝盖上，即坐在作者的腿上。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一首鼓掌和回应的歌曲，我唱着号召，学生们在唱着重复的短语“Oh, yes.”时拍手两次。A. sang唱歌；B. said说话；C. followed 跟随；D. clapped 拍手。根据上文“It was a clapping and response song”以及下文“twice”可知，此处指拍两次手。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Vanessa喜欢把她的手和我的手放在一起，和我一起拍手。A. strike击打；B. put放置；C. take拿取；D. shake摇晃。固定搭配put...together“把……放在一起”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她从未说过或唱过一个字。A. ever曾经；B. never从未；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据上文“could not speak.”以及“Vanessa liked to ____ her hands together with mine and clap with me.”以及转折词“But”可知，她不会说话，虽然和作者一起拍手，但是从未说过或唱过一个字。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，歌曲结束后，Vanessa转过身来，直视我的眼睛，，拍了拍她那小巧的双手，并说道：“Oh, yes!”。A. looked看；B. beat击打；C. kissed亲吻；D. felt感觉。固定搭配look sb. in the eye“直视某人的眼睛”。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地张大了嘴巴。A. horror恐惧；B. disappointment失望；C. astonishment惊讶；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“But she ____ said or sang a word.”可知，Vanessa从未说过或唱过一个字，她突然开口说话，这让作者感到很惊讶。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的心脏终于再次开始跳动时，我看向那位助教，发现她也惊讶得说不出话来。A. immediately立即；B. fortunately幸运地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. finally终于。根据上文“But she ____ said or sang a word.”及“I opened my mouth in ____.”可知，作者因惊讶而心跳停滞，终于恢复心跳。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的心脏终于再次开始跳动时，我看向那位助教，发现她也惊讶得说不出话来。A. anxious焦虑的；B. grateful感激的；C. speechless说不出话的；D. hopeless无望的。根据“also”可知，助理老师同样惊讶得说不出话。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她脸上带着灿烂的笑容挥手，然后拍了两下手，模仿着我们在音乐课上表演过多次的那首歌。A. greeting问候；B. smile微笑；C. expression表情；D. sign标志。固定搭配with a big smile on one's face“脸上带着灿烂的笑容”。故选B。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她脸上带着灿烂的笑容挥手，然后拍了两下手，模仿着我们在音乐课上表演过多次的那首歌。A. performed表演；B. operated操作；C. trained训练；D. organized组织。根据上文“We probably performed that song during every class, Vanessa and I clapping together.”可知，此处指表演多次的那首歌曲。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩通过与音乐的连接，给我留下了永恒的印象。A. sympathy同情；B. connection连接；C. competition竞争；D. patience耐心。根据上文“As a music teacher, I have always known that music touches the soul.”以及下文“with music, left an impression on me that will last forever.”可知，Vanessa通过与音乐的连接，给作者留下了永恒的印象。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都有学习和成长的能力。A. standard标准；B. necessity必要性；C. plan计划；D. ability能力。固定搭配have the ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键在于我们要找到适合每一位学生的教育方法。A. discover发现；B. change改变；C. test测试；D. make制作。根据下文“the way to reach each and every one of our students.”可知，教师要发现适合每个孩子的方法。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都必须去发现每个孩子的光芒。A. virtue美德；B. dream梦想；C. light光芒；D. rhythm节奏。根据上文“It can be the ____ for each child to find their light.”可知，此处指我们都必须去找到每个孩子的光芒。故选C。 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A Boston University Summer Journalism Academy The Summer Journalism Academy at Boston University offers high school students the chance to enhance their journalism skills and prepare for college. The academy provides two options: an on-campus program lasting three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home online program lasting two weeks for all experience levels. For students interested in photography, a special photojournalism track is available in both options. New for 2024, on-campus students will have the opportunity for their stories to be considered for publication in the Daily Free Press, one of the nation’s top college newspapers. Each option is structured into three parts: Classroom, Newsroom, and Guest Talks. ● Classroom: Each day begins with a review of journalism fundamentals in a college-style setting, using a university-level textbook for readings and assignments. Instructors cover topics such as story ideas, sources and research, interviewing, story structure, writing for broadcast and web, accuracy, and more. ● Newsroom: Students apply what they learn by reporting on real news events. They conduct interviews by phone, email, and video to cover a wide range of stories. ● Guest Talks: Students receive advice and insights from journalism experts on topics like radio reporting, media law, and studying journalism in college. On-campus students also visit city newsrooms, such as WBUR public radio and the Boston Globe, gaining invaluable real-world experience and networking opportunities. Through these comprehensive learning experiences, students will not only improve their journalism skills but also be well-prepared for their future college studies. The academy aims to develop the next generation of journalists by providing them with the knowledge and practical experience they need to succeed. 41. What is required for on-campus students according to the passage? A. A college education. B. An interest in photography. C. A story published by the press. D. Previous experience in journalism. 42. What is the new feature for on-campus students in 2024? A. Visiting city newsrooms. B. A special photojournalism track. C. The opportunity to publish stories in the Daily Free Press. D. Daily readings and writing assignments. 43. What does “Newsroom” focus on? A. Practical application. B. Strategies for interviews. C. Research about real news. D. Ways of communicating. 44. What can only on-campus students do? A. Participate in guest talks. B. Study journalism. C. Visit city newsrooms. D. Write news stories. 45. What is a key goal of the academy? A. To improve communication skills. B. To develop future journalists. C. To provide college-level courses. D. To offer online learning options. 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了波士顿大学暑期新闻学院提供的一些活动情况和参加要求。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The academy provides two options: an on-campus program lasting three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home online program lasting two weeks for all experience levels.(该学院提供两种选择：为有新闻经验的学生提供为期三周的校园课程，以及为所有经验水平的学生提供为期两周的在家学习在线课程)”可知，在校学生需要有新闻工作经验。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“New for 2024, on-campus students will have the opportunity for their stories to be considered for publication in the Daily Free Press, one of the nation’s top college newspapers.(从2024年开始，在校学生将有机会让他们的故事在美国顶级大学报纸之一《每日自由报》上发表)”可知，2024年在校学生的新特点是在《每日自由报》上发表文章的机会。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“● Newsroom: Students apply what they learn by reporting on real news events.(●新闻编辑室：学生通过报道真实的新闻事件来应用他们所学到的知识)”可知，《新闻编辑室》关注的是实际应用。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“On-campus students also visit city newsrooms, such as WBUR public radio and the Boston Globe, gaining invaluable real-world experience and networking opportunities.(在校学生还可以参观城市新闻编辑室，如WBUR公共广播电台和波士顿环球报，获得宝贵的现实世界经验和交流机会)”可知，只有在校学生才能参观城市新闻编辑室。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The academy aims to develop the next generation of journalists by providing them with the knowledge and practical experience they need to succeed.(该学院旨在培养下一代记者，为他们提供成功所需的知识和实践经验)”可知，学院的主要目标是培养未来的记者。故选B。 B I’m Thomas from the United Kingdom, working in Beijing, and I’m a shopping addict (迷). The main source of my addiction is Taobao, China’s massive online shopping platform — a place for everything from clothes to books, and everything in between. It makes Amazon look like a corner shop. My favorite is mostly books and different kinds of water bottles. My cupboard has a shelf full of them, many of which my size will no longer allow me to crowd into. What’s worse is that the app’s very clever algorithms (算法) track what I look through, so every time I open it on my phone, I am greeted by an advertisement inviting me to dip deeper into my digital wallet. I don’t even have to open the app. They are available to purchase with just a tap of my finger. Once you make an order, you need to wait. The shipping gives your heart a little hit. Then there’s another little rush of endorphins (内啡肽) when the delivery person picks it up. You watch your package edging its way up the map to Beijing. When the app tells you it’s on the delivery bike, the same excitement as a kid on Christmas morning takes hold as you wait for the knock at the door. Much like a little dog waiting for its master to return home from work. The packaging is eagerly removed, exciting another hit of happiness. An hour later, the buyer’s regret comes. To make yourself feel better, you start using the app once more and the cycle starts all over again. I could blame (责备) my addiction on Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, Taobao’s parent company, or point a finger at Liu Qiangdong, founder of JD, a similarly addictive domestic shopping app. I could even blame Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, who started all this e-commerce. “Surely, Thomas,” I hear you ask, “instead of blaming poor billionaires, you should take responsibility for your own sudden desire and lack of willpower.” 46. Why is Thomas crazy about Taobao? A. It helps bring in money. B. He prefers online platforms. C. It offers multiple item options. D. Amazon is too distant to access. 47. How can Thomas’s phone know what he prefers? A. His digital wallet pays for it automatically. B. He searches online when he opens the phone. C. He communicates with the Taobao business owner. D. The app’s algorithms follow his digital footprints. 48. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The author’s expectation of the purchased item. B. The challenges of online shopping. C. The long journey of a purchased item. D. The accuracy of the shopping app. 49. What does the author want to convey in this passage? A. We should say no to e-commerce. B. We should blame Taobao. C. We should be responsible for our purchasing. D. We should admire billionaires. 50. What can we infer about Thomas from the passage? A. He has a strong will against online shopping. B. He finds himself trapped in the shopping cycle. C. He seldom feels happy when receiving the goods. D. He has stopped using online shopping apps. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了来自英国的Thomas在北京工作，是一个购物迷，尤其沉迷于淘宝这一中国的在线购物平台，描述了他的购物经历、感受以及由此引发的思考。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The main source of my addiction is Taobao, China’s massive online shopping platform — a place for everything from clothes to books, and everything in between. It makes Amazon look like a corner shop.(我上瘾的主要来源是淘宝，中国庞大的在线购物平台——从衣服到书籍，应有尽有。它让亚马逊看起来像一家街角小店)”可知，Thomas对淘宝如此着迷是因为淘宝提供了多种多样的商品选择。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“What’s worse is that the app’s very clever algorithms (算法) track what I look through, so every time I open it on my phone, I am greeted by an advertisement inviting me to dip deeper into my digital wallet.(更糟糕的是，这款应用极其精明的算法会追踪我的浏览内容。因此，每次我在手机上打开它，都会看到一个广告，邀请我进一步掏空我的数字钱包)”可知，应用程序的算法会跟踪Thomas的数字足迹，从而知道他的偏好。 【48题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Once you make an order, you need to wait. The shipping gives your heart a little hit. Then there’s another little rush of endorphins (内啡肽) when the delivery person picks it up. You watch your package edging its way up the map to Beijing. When the app tells you it’s on the delivery bike, the same excitement as a kid on Christmas morning takes hold as you wait for the knock at the door. Much like a little dog waiting for its master to return home from work.(一旦你下了订单，就需要等待。发货过程会让你的心跳微微加速。当快递员取件时，内啡肽又会带来一阵小小的兴奋。你看着自己的包裹在地图上一点点向北京移动。当应用提示它已在派送途中时，你会像圣诞早晨的孩子一样兴奋，等待着敲门声响起。就像一只小狗等待主人下班回家)”可知，本段主要描述了Thomas对所购商品的期待和兴奋心情，从下单到等待送货的整个过程都充满了期待。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Surely, Thomas,” I hear you ask, “instead of blaming poor billionaires, you should take responsibility for your own sudden desire and lack of willpower.”(“当然，托马斯，”我听到你问，“与其责怪那些可怜的亿万富翁，不如为你自己突然的欲望和缺乏意志力负责。”)”以及前文描述Thomas的购物经历和感受可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达的信息是，我们应该对自己的购买行为负责，而不是责怪他人或平台。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The packaging is eagerly removed, exciting another hit of happiness. An hour later, the buyer’s regret comes. To make yourself feel better, you start using the app once more and the cycle starts all over again.(包装被急切地打开，又激起了一阵快乐。一个小时后，买家开始后悔了。为了让自己感觉好一些，你开始再次使用这个应用程序，然后循环又重新开始了)”可推知，Thomas发现自己陷入了一个不断购物的循环中，无法自拔。 C In today’s digital age, where a vast ocean of information is just a click away, the question arises: can one learn too much? Given that no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information. Consider a scenario where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions. 51. What stops people from achieving the goal? A. The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. B. The inability to find relevant information. C. The confusion caused by the information. D. The desire to learn basic concept or strategy. 52. What does the author try to advocate in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Sticking to continuous learning. B. Taking practical action without delay. C. Gaining as much knowledge as possible. D. Prioritizing theoretical knowledge in study. 53. Why is practical experience important in the learning process? A. It replaces continuous learning. B. It removes obstacles in learning. C. It holds back theoretical understanding. D. It offers a comprehensive understanding. 54. The example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5 is used to ________. A. compare different learning styles B. show the importance of making mistakes C. emphasize the need for parental guidance D. explain learning through action and experience 55. What makes the best title for the passage? A. The Paradox of Information Overload B. The Harmony of Learning and Doing C. The Pursuit of Balanced Knowledge D. The Process of Learning to Walk 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. (你一开始会进行大量研究，深入钻研这个主题。但随着吸收的信息越多，反而会感觉自己的理解在减弱。每一个新概念或策略都会揭示出更深层的复杂性，让目标显得愈发遥不可及)”可知，信息过载引发的困惑会使人无法实现目标。故选C项。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. (虽然获取全面的知识很有价值——也就是说，大量学习本身并没有错——但当这种追求阻碍实际应用时，问题就会出现)”和第四段中“Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. (收集必要信息后，就立即付诸行动——即便你觉得自己还没完全准备好)”可知，大量学习有可能会阻碍实际应用，因此在收集必要信息后就应该付诸行动。由此可知，作者主张毫不拖延地采取实际行动。故选B项。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. (这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验能提供单纯理论知识无法给予的洞见)”可知，实践经验能提供更完整的理解。故选D项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. (婴儿学步就是个很好的例子。孩子不是靠坐着分析走路过程来学习的，而是通过不断尝试行走、跌倒，然后从每次跌倒中领悟哪些方法可行、哪些不可行。经过反复练习，最终掌握了行走的能力)”可知，此处用婴儿通过行走、跌倒、调整来学习走路的类比，说明从行动中学习的重要性。由此可知，作者用该例证生动地解释通过行动和经验来学习。故选D项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. (实现目标的另一种更有效方法，是在学习与实践之间取得平衡)”和最后一段中“It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions. (正是通过获取知识与实践运用的相互作用，我们才能真正向理想迈进。这种平衡之道，是克服“过度学习瘫痪症”、积极实现抱负的关键所在)”可知，文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。因此，B项“学与做的和谐”概括了作者提出的解决方案，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 D For as long as there have been gifts, we naturally make choices based on the recipient (接受者). But what if we have been wrong all along and that we could turn things around, which not only made gift buying easier, but the recipient happier? In 2015, psychologists Lauren Human and Lara Aknin conducted an online survey, which suggested that when people buy gifts, they prefer to choose something based on the recipient’s personality and tastes. Most people also said that they preferred receiving gifts bought with them in mind: gifts for them. But Human and Aknin wondered if this approach to giving failed to take advantage of the way we connect as people. So they sent 78 volunteers into a shopping centre before Mother’s Day. Half were told to buy a card that “reveals(揭示) your knowledge of the recipient” while the others set out to buy a card that “reveals your true self”. After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers. To find out how that approach goes down with recipients, the psychologists did another test, asking more than 100 students to choose a song on iTunes to give to a friend, partner or family member. Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers. Results revealed that recipients of songs that revealed something of the givers felt closer to them than those who received gifts bought only with them in mind. Human and Aknin suggest it might apply to all gifts. “If building stronger social connections is the underlying (潜在的) goal” of a gift and surely it should be—then we “may well be advised to offer more self-reflective gifts”. In short, for a present to be meaningful, you need to give away a bit of yourself, even if there is a risk that the gift might not so closely suit the recipient’s practical needs or tastes as one acquired purely with that in mind. Moreover, giving something of oneself can be a safer act, the psychologists added. Because it reduces the risk of revealing poor knowledge of a recipient by attempting to buy something that fits their character—and failing. But a note of caution here: what the research does not examine is the potential risk in repeated, unsympathetic giver-centered giving, which, according to Human and Aknin “could signal self-obsession” —and nobody wants to reveal that about themselves. 56. From the Mother’s Day card test, we can conclude that ________. A. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the giver B. most people choose gifts with the recipient in mind C. most people choose gifts based on their personal tastes D. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the recipient 57. What do the underlined words “them, them” refer to in order of appearance? A. The recipients; the givers. B. The givers; the recipients. C. The givers; the givers. D. The recipients; the recipients. 58. What does the author think is the significance of gift giving? A. Making the giver’s life happier. B. Showing one’s knowledge of the recipient. C. Establishing and strengthening social connections. D. Meeting the recipient’s practical needs. 59. Which of the following is Human and Aknin’s advice on gift giving? A. Choose gifts that reflect more of yourself. B. Just focus on your own tastes when choosing gifts. C. Buy something that fits the recipient’s character most. D. Be careful not to signal your true personality. 60. Which is the best title of this passage? A. The tradition of gift giving. B. The purpose of gift giving. C. The effect of gift giving. D. The psychology of gift giving. 【答案】56. A 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过实验发现带着自己的想法给别人选礼物的人在情感上与收礼人更亲近，因此送礼时应选择更能反映送礼人的礼物。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers.”可知，带着自己的想法给母亲选礼物的人说自己在情感上与母亲更亲近了，由此可知，带着自己的想法选择礼物会对送礼人很有效，故A项正确。 【57题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers.”可知，小组的每一半人都得到了与给母亲买贺卡的人的相同的指示，即一半人带着自己的想法给母亲选贺卡，另一半人则在选贺卡时考虑到母亲，结果显示带着自己的想法给母亲选礼物的人说自己在情感上与母亲更亲近了，由此可知，此处是说与那些只考虑收礼人的人相比，那些听了能够透露出送礼人某些信息的人感觉与送礼人更亲近了，所以第一个them指代的是送礼人，第二个them指代的是收礼人，故B项正确。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“If building stronger social connections is the underlying (潜在的) goal” of a gift and surely it should be”可知，如果建立更强大的社会关系是送礼的潜在目标，那么它当然是，由此可知，作者认为送礼的意义在于建立和加强社会联系，故C项正确。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“then we “may well be advised to offer more self-reflective gifts”可知，Human 和Aknin建议选择礼物时应该选择更能反映你自己的礼物，故A项正确。 【60题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过实验发现带着自己的想法给别人选礼物的人说在情感上与收礼人更亲近，因此送礼时应选择更能反映送礼人的礼物，全文都是围绕“送礼与送礼时的心理”展开，由此可知D项（送礼的心理）最能概括出文章内容。 【点睛】本篇第5题主旨大意题难度较大，对实验结果的理解是关键，根据第三、四段对试验的介绍可知，科学家通过对人们买母亲节贺卡和让学生们在iTunes上给朋友或家人选择歌曲的两个试验发现带着自己的想法给别人选礼物的人在情感上与收礼人更亲近，因此送礼时应选择更能反映送礼人的礼物，全文都是围绕“送礼与送礼时的心理”而展开，由此可知D项（送礼的心理）最能概括出文章内容。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $