选择性必修第4册 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION（晨背）（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦“科幻”主题单元，系统涵盖识记阅读词汇、熟记核心词汇、活用拓展词汇、牢记短语词块及背诵单元佳句，辅以主旨升华的佳句积累与语段背诵，构建完整的主题知识体系。 清单通过词汇分级（如拓展词汇标注派生关系，如guilt→guilty）、句型归类（如强调句型、完全倒装）培养语言能力与思维品质，特设短语应用提示（如test out检验、take over接管）和主题佳句背诵模块（如“予人玫瑰，手留余香”语段），助力学生高效记忆与应用，教师可依托其系统性设计针对性复习方案，提升备考效率。

UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION Ⅰ.识记·阅读词汇 1．ridiculous adj.　　愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 2．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 3．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 4．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的 5．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长 6．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的 7．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施 8．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆 9．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 10．jolt n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.&vi. (使)震动；摇晃 11．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷 12．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张 Ⅱ.熟记·核心词汇 1．salary n. 薪水；薪金 2．appointment n. 预约；约会；委任 3．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 4．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 5．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布 6．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管 7．rumour (US rumor) n. 谣言；传闻 8．presume vt.&vi. 假设；假定 9．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价 10．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 11．labour (US labor) n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi. 奋斗；努力工作 12．grip vt.&vi. 紧握；抓紧 13．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 14．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来 15．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾 16．lamp n. 灯；台灯 17．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 vt.&vi. 确定速度；调整节奏 18．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的 Ⅲ.活用·拓展词汇 1．guilt n．内疚；罪行；罪过→guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 2．week n．星期→weekly adj.每周的 n．周刊 3．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n．计算；预测→calculator n．计算器 4．divide vt.分开；分散；分配；分享→division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门，处 5．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐；竭力主张→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的→urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urgency n．紧迫性；紧迫；急迫 6．explode vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸；爆破(声)→explosive adj.易爆炸的；猛增的 7．mud n．泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的 Ⅳ.牢记·短语词块 1．test out 　 检验；测试 2．more like 更像是；更接近 3．on a．..basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) 4．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 5．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 6．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 7．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 8．turn out 关掉；熄灭；出席；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产；制造 9．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 10．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事 Ⅴ.背诵·单元佳句 1．He seemed more like a human than a machine.(more...than...) 他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。 2．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.(it＋be＋形容词＋that从句) 克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。 3．As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.(完全倒装) 她转过身来，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。 4．It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.(强调句型) 正是在今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始投入使用。 主旨升华之善举助人 佳句积累 语段背诵 ①From that day forward, I understood the power of kindness and never missed an opportunity to spread some around. 从那天起，我明白了善意的力量，从此不再错过任何传播善意的机会。 ②Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，fragrance in hand.” 俗话说：“予人玫瑰，手留余香。” ③Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference. 有时候，一个小小的善举可能足以产生巨大的影响。 ④From that day on，every time I meet someone in need，I always reach out to them，hoping to pass on the kindness that the Mexican family offered me. 从那天起，每次我遇到有需要的人，我都会向他们伸出援手，希望把墨西哥家庭对我的善意传递下去。 　　微场景：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香” 主题下“善举助人” I dragged my tired legs on a dusty road，hoping that someone could give me a hand with my heavy bag.With no shade along the way，so hot was it that I had been sweating like a pig.Suddenly，a man on his bike stopped beside me，asking me if I needed some help.You can never imagine how joyful I was when I heard his sweet voice.He firstly handed me a bottle of water and then carried my huge bag on the back of his bike.I offered to give him some money, which I thought he really deserved.He immediately declined，telling me the saying ①“Roses given，fragrance in hand (予人玫瑰，手留余香)”， and what he wanted from me was just to ②pass on this kindness to people who are in need (把善意传递给需要的人) in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $