必修第2册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、写作三大核心考点，按“基础词汇—语法句型—语用写作”逻辑层次展开，通过考点梳理（重点词汇用法及练透）、方法指导（构词法、句型转换）、真题训练（2024-2025年浙江、北京等卷真题）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破语境应用与写作表达难点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新采用“词汇—句型—语用”一体化训练，如读后续写中结合动作链描写（break away, charge）与with复合结构，提升场景表达准确性。设置分层练习（单句填空、写作提分练）并对接真题，确保学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)Because we cut down too many trees in the nearby (附近的)areas, many birds now find places within the city to live. 2．The Chinatown in San Francisco attracts crowds (人群) of visitors each year.The climate is mild all year round, ensuring (确保) that it is always a good place to visit. 3．The amount (数量) of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year, which gradually ruins their health. 4．As dusk fell, he was in panic wandering alone in the forest.He could even hear lions roaring (嚎叫) in the near distance. 5．Charged (指控) with stealing things in the shop, the lady stood there, hanging her head in shame.(读后续写之情感描写) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．Without your generosity (generous) and inspiration，I would not have made such striking (strike) progress. 2．There are unique attributes to our position (pose) and our proposal that are awfully attractive. 3．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in defence (defend).(动作描写) 4．(2024·浙江1月卷)While letting her racing heart calm down and filling her lungs with fresh air, she felt an incredible sense of achievement (achieve). 5．There is growing evidence that people whose diets are rich in vitamins are less likely to develop some types of cancers. 6．(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement (announce). 7．During the festival, the streets were crowded (crowd) with people celebrating and enjoying the parade. 8．She wore a puzzled expression on her face because she was puzzled about a puzzling problem. (puzzle) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我想知道你周末是否有空。如果有的话，咱们面对面聊一聊有关餐桌礼仪的问题吧。(建议信) I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend.If so, let's have a face­to­face talk about table manners． 2．一看到这可怕的场景，他们吓得动弹不得，心怦怦直跳。(心理描写) On seeing the frightening scene，they were too scared to move an inch, with their hearts beating wildly． 3．日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界的方式。 Something that happens in your daily life will change the way you look at the world． puzzle vt.迷惑；使困惑 n．谜；智力游戏；疑问(puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的) (1)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 puzzle sth out 琢磨出……的答案 (2)a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 (3)be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have been thinking over this problem for quite a long time, but it is still a puzzle to me. ②令莉莉的朋友困惑的是，为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。(心理描写) What puzzles Lily's friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. ③他站在窗边，脸上有种迷惑的表情。 He stood beside the window，with a puzzled look on his face. break away (from sb/sth)突然离开；脱离；背叛；逃脱 break down　(机器等)出故障；(身体)垮掉，(精神)崩溃；失败；分解 break in 闯入，强行进入 break out 突然发生 break up 粉碎；分裂；(婚姻等)结束 [练透]　用break短语填空/完成句子 ①My dog suddenly broke away from me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(动作链描写) ②He was charging his mobile phone when the fire broke out． ③Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to break up our marriage. ④听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。(神态描写) He broke down at the news, tears pouring down his cheeks. belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应；合得来 (belonging n．(U)归属；(pl.)所有物；财产) (1)belong to　　是……的成员；属于；应归入 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感 [练透]　完成句子 ①我是绘画俱乐部成员，这将使我能加深游客对中国文化的了解。(申请信) I belong to a painting club, which will enable me to deepen visitors' understanding of Chinese culture. ②男孩把书放在原处，尽量轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。(动作细节) Putting the book where it belongs, the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible. ③正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新的环境。 It is because of your generous assistance that I soon developed a sense of belonging and adapted to the new surroundings. [点津]　belong to；consist of；date back to 无被动语态和进行时，常用­v.ing形式作定语。 as well as同(一样也)；和；还 (1)as well as意为“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构，连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 (2)as well意为“也；又；还”，位于句末。 (3)may/might (just) as well do sth 最好还是做某事；不妨做某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited (invite) to deliver a speech at yesterday's coming­of­age ceremony. ②是您的努力和专业的指导让我取得了很大的进步。(感谢信) It was your great efforts as well as your professional guidance that helped me make great progress.(强调句型) ③她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。(读后续写之情感描写) Tears welled up in her eyes, and her heart seemed to be torn as well． surround vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n．环境) (1)surround ...with ...　 用……包围/围绕…… be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围 (2) the surrounding country 附近的国家 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In the competition, all the teams were playing at their best in high spirits, surrounded (surround) with all the rest students, who were watching excitedly.(场景描写) ②There's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding (surround) environment.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ③被大自然环绕不仅激发了我的创造力，还让我从平日学校生活的喧嚣忙碌中获得了非常需要的放松。(2024·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷，应用文) Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much­needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 (1)in charge　 主管；看管 in charge of 掌握；负责 in the charge of 在……掌管之下 take charge of 掌管；负责；控制 free of charge 免费 (2)charge sb for... 因……向某人收费 charge sb with sth 控告某人某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The generous owner charging me nothing for the noodles，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up in my heart.(情感描写) ②恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴，跳起来扑向我，好像要把我一口吃掉似的。(情境描写) The fierce wolf，opening its bloody mouth，sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up in one gulp. ③我是李华，负责我校广播电台推出的英语访谈专栏。(人物介绍) I'm Li Hua, in charge of the English column titled Talk and Talk launched in the broadcasting station of our school. amount n．数量；金额 v．总计，共计； 等于 (1)the amount of... ……的数量 (2)“大量/少量的”表达： a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) (3)amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Huge amounts of money are spent (spend) on applying modern design techniques to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible. ②当他意识到她所经历的痛苦和磨难时，眼泪顺着他的脸流了下来。(情绪描写) Tears streamed down his face when he realized the amount of pain and sufferings she had gone through. ③为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。(建议信) In order to keep healthy，a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary． [点津]　只修饰不可数名词的词汇：a great deal of；a great amount of (large amounts of)；much approach n．接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 (1)an approach to (doing) sth　　(做某事的)方法/途径 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 (2)be approaching 正在/将要接近 (3)approach sth/sb 接近某物/某人 [练透]　单句语法填空/句型转换/完成句子 ①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to learning (learn) English beyond the classroom.(短文投稿) ②At the approach of the Spring Festival，we could hardly contain our inner excitement. →With the Spring Festival approaching，we could hardly contain our inner excitement.(with复合结构) ③当我走近时，我看到他靠在车上，脸上带着温暖的微笑。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，动作＋神情描写) As I approached, I spotted him leaning against his car, a warm smile on his face. eager adj.渴望的；热切的 (eagerly adv.热切地；急切地 eagerness n．热切；渴望) (1)be eager to do sth　 渴望做某事 be eager for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)with eagerness 热切地；急切地 hide one's eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Coach Pit stared at her, smiling, and gave her a big thumbs­up.Half excited, half doubtful, Eva came up to him and was eager to know (know) the reason why he praised her.(2024·浙江1月卷，动作＋神情描写) ②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday, the boy couldn't hide his eagerness (eager).(心理描写) ③每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。(主旨升华) Everyone is eager for success/to succeed，but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering. 句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式 教材原句：So what is the difference between them, if any? 如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？ if any　　如果有的话 if not 如果不是这样的话 if so 如果是这样的话 if ever 如果曾有的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果可能的话 [练透]　句型转换/完成句子 ①If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. →If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.(省略句) ②这种善意的行为对我产生了持久的影响。即使多年以后，我总是尽可能地帮助别人。(主旨升华) This kind act has a lasting influence on me and I always give others a helping hand if possible even so many years later. ③如果是这样的话，那么现在正是你该为自己、也为全人类开始做出改变的时候了。 If so, it is high time you started making changes for yourself and for all humanity. 句型公式：with复合结构 教材原句：The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词 (2)with＋宾语＋doing表示主动或进行 (3)with＋宾语＋done表示被动或完成 (4)with＋宾语＋to do表示将来的动作 [练透]　完成句子/句型转换 ①因为要听一个重要的讲座，本周日我不能和你郊游了。(道歉信) With an important lecture meeting to attend, I can't go outing with you this Sunday. ②哥哥的脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，他伸出手臂抱住了我。(2025·全国一卷) With a broad smile spreading across his face, my brother extended his arms and hugged me. ③Tom threw himself into his mother's arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes. →Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．(with复合结构) →Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．(独立主格结构) ④All the preparations had been made, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. →With all the preparations made, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.(with复合结构) 　熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．One day, she went on a hike and saw the hillside dotted with wildflowers.vt.遍布 2．What's the best way to approach this problem？vt.处理 3．Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.vi.竞争 4．The wind picked up and thunder rolled.vi.(雷或鼓)隆隆作响 5．When reality is changing faster than theory suggests it should, a certain amount of nervousness is a reasonable response.n.程度 　一词多义 1．position A．n.位置 B．n.姿态　C．n.职位 D．n.处境(熟词生义)　E．vt.安置；把……放在适当位置(熟词生义) ①She stood with a confident position, her head held high and her shoulders back. B ②(2025·北京卷)In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. C ③Being in a difficult position, she had to make a tough decision about her future. D ④They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill. E ⑤(2023·全国乙卷)The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. A 2．crowd A．n.人群；一群人；民众 B．vt.挤满　C．vt.(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)(熟词生义) D．vt.使……拥挤　E．vi.聚集；涌向 ①Fans crowd towards the front of the stage to get a better view of their favorite band. E ②(2025·北京卷)They themselves don't know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. A ③The square was crowded with people celebrating the festival. B ④Many concerns and questions crowded her thoughts as she prepared for the new job. C ⑤Too many chairs crowd the room, making it difficult to move around. D 3．charge A．n.费用 B．v.收费；要价　C．n.掌管；负责 D．v.指控；控告　E．n.充电(熟词生义) F．v.向……冲(熟词生义)　G．v.使充满 ①(2025·全国一卷)New solid­state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. E ②To our shock，the shy man should be charged with murdering his wife. D ③They normally charge three hundred pounds but we got it for half price. B ④With an angry roar, the bear charged towards us at full speed. F ⑤One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest；the next，the air was charged with tension. G ⑥Failure to provide enough cheaper ones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult. A ⑦I will be in charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners. C 　破解构词法密码 词缀记忆法　形容词后缀­able: 表示“能够…… 的”；“可以…… 的”“值得…… 的” 或 “具有…… 性质的” 规则 典例 直接＋ ①read→readable　可读的 ②accept→acceptable 可接受的 ③comfort→comfortable 舒适的 ④reason→reasonable 合理的 ⑤value→valuable 有价值的 去e＋ ①love→lovable　可爱的，讨人喜欢的 ②note→notable 显要的，值得注意的 y变 i＋ ①rely→reliable　可靠的，可信赖的 ②deny→deniable 可否认的；可拒绝的 特殊记 ①regret→regrettable　　令人懊悔的， 令人遗憾的 ②forget→forgettable 易被忘记的， 不值得记住的 根据语境用括号内适当形式填空 1．(2025·全国一卷)Making electricity more affordable (afford). 2．(2024·全国甲卷)You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable (unpredict)，but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters. 3．(2024·九省联考)Variety in diet and toys，travel，and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable (adapt) to change. Ⅰ.应用文写作提分练—短文(介绍景点) 3段式：点明介绍的景点→基本情况＋特色→印象与感受 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵全文。 假设你是李华，市留学信息网站新增了名为《最美中华》的栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢的或去过的地方，内容包括：1.该地情况；2.该地特色；3.你的感受。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1．说到我最喜欢的地方，应该优先考虑我的家乡！ When it comes to the place I like most, my hometown should be given priority! 2．我的家乡位于中国西部，虽然面积不大、人口不多，但它确实有其引人注目的魅力。 Located in the west part of China, my hometown is not very large in size and population, but it does have virtually striking attractions. 3．它风光宁静秀美，环境令人叹为观止，可爱的乡村点缀其间， 堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(with复合结构) Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages. 4．绿树成荫、连绵起伏的山脉以及潺潺的溪流都让游客着迷。(分词作宾补) The green trees, rolling mountains, as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated. 5．漫步在美景之中，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，你会觉得每天都是宁静和快乐。(分词作宾语) Wandering in the beautiful scenery, breathing the scent of fresh flowers, you'll feel every day filled with peace and joy． 6．家乡景色如此美丽，我的家乡在我心中总是占有特殊的位置一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 With all this beauty, it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart. 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇如moreover) My Favourite Place When it comes to the place I like most, my hometown should be given priority! Located in the west part of China, my hometown is not very large in size and population, but it does have virtually striking attractions.Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages.The green trees, rolling mountains, as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.Moreover, wandering in the beautiful scenery, breathing the scent of fresh flowers, you'll feel every day filled with peace and joy. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart. Ⅱ.读后续写提升练 Step 1　教材语料 亮词 [情感描写]　eager→eagerly→eagerness；puzzle→puzzled→puzzling；fascinate→fascinating→fascinated [动作描写]　break away (from sb/sth)；belong to；surround；battle；keep your eyes open (for)；approach；greet；crowd 美句 1.Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of the senses.(拟人修辞) 2．The peaceful landscape of the“Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(比喻修辞) 3．And down by the sea，the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.(环境描写) 4．On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin，and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.(动作描写＋拟人修辞) 5．With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing and dining.(情感描写) Step 2　续写微场景练(主题：旅行与探险——自然风景→快乐互动场景) 根据续写故事情节和黑体部分的提示， 利用本单元词汇和句式补全续写场景，并背诵。 　　我们靠近附近的乡村，映入我们眼帘的是连绵起伏的山峦和点缀着无数野花的绿草地。妈妈拉开门，冲到外面，急切地宣布要搭帐篷了。我们搭帐篷时，周围宁静秀美的风光和鲜花的芬芳都让我们着迷。突然，我们健忘的妈妈困惑地喃喃道：“哦，我怎么忘了带枕头！”我们放声大笑。尽管第二天我们的脖子很疼，但这次旅行的甜蜜回忆却涌上心头。(浙江高考续写“和妈妈一起旅行”片段) 　　Approaching the nearby countryside，we were greeted by rolling mountains and green grass dotted with countless wild flowers.Mom sild the door open, ①charged outside and ②eagerly announced the need to put up the tent.When we put up the tent, ③the surrounding peaceful landscape as well as the scent of fresh flowers all kept us fascinated．Suddenly, our forgetful mom murmured ④in a puzzled voice，“Oh, why I forgot the pillows！”⑤We roared with laughter．Despite the ache of our necks the next day, sweet memories of the trip ⑥crowded in on us． 佳句仿写(铺灰部分)：走近附近的地点，映入我们眼帘的是宁静秀美的风光，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中。 ⑦Approaching the nearby location/position, we were greeted by the peaceful landscape and its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $