精品解析：上海复旦大学附属复兴中学2025-2026学年第二学期期末考试高二年级英语试题

复旦大学附属复兴中学2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二年级英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension 25分 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street. 2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks. C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets. 3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price. C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality. 4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room. C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad. 5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes. C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light. 6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London. B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie. C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages. D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London. 7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount. C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes. 8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack. 9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn. C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion. 10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds. B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain. C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world. D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition. C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor. 12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy. B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance. C. Developing a new use for the existing technology. D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems. 13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing. C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance. 14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher. C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass. Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. 15. A. According to how important the work is. B. According to when the work occurs to you. C. According to how much you like the subject. D. According to when the work should be completed. 16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task. C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance. 17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan. C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. 18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness. B. They regard them as fashionable appliances. C. They want to show their taste in gift choices. D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts. 19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness. 20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want. C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary 20分 Section A 10分 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Bob’s problems began during his formative years. His parents got divorced when he was young, and neither of his parents wanted to raise him or his brother and sister, so he ___1___ (bring) up by a foster family chosen by a social worker in the community. Unfortunately, his foster father was a strict authoritarian and often beat him. Bob rebelled against this strict upbringing, and by the time he was eight years old, he ___2___ (run) wild, stealing from shops and playing truant. When he reached adolescence, sometime around his thirteenth birthday, he had already appeared in court several times, charged ___3___ juvenile crimes. The judge blamed his foster parents, ___4___ (explain) that children needed responsible parents and guardians who would look after them properly. The foster father didn’t agree with the judge and objected to this, pointing out that Bob’s two brothers and sister were well-adjusted children who behaved at home and worked well at school. This has raised some interesting questions about the modern family system. ___5___ it is true that parents should not be too lenient with children by letting them do ___6___ they want, ___7___ too over-protective by sheltering them from the realities of life, it is also true that they should not be too strict. It has also highlighted the disadvantages of the modern nuclear family ___8___ the child has only its mother and father to rely on or the single-parent family, in which the mother or father has to struggle particularly hard ___9___ (support) their dependents. In fact, many people believe that we ___10___ return to traditional family values and the extended family: extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life. Section B 10分 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. acquired B. consumption C. deal D. replaced E intense F. credit G. stepped H. projected I. dominant J outspent K tender Cola Wars Fire-starter Donald Kendall added marketing sparkle to the soft-drinks industry. “Rock and roller cola wars, I can’t take it anymore!” cried Billy Joel in his chart-topping song from 1989. He had had enough of the ____11____ marketing battle between America’s fizzy-drinks giants. As the underdog (劣势方), PepsiCo had greatly surprised its bigger rival, Coca-Cola, by signing Michael Jackson, the era’s biggest musical star, to promote its brand in a record-setting $5m ____12____. The cola wars became a cultural phenomenon, and ____13____ for that goes to Donald Kendall, PepsiCo’s legendary former boss. A gifted salesman, he rose quickly through the ranks from his start on the bottling line to become the firm’s top sales and marketing executive at the ____14____ age of 35. Seven years later he was named CEO. By the time he ____15____ down as boss in 1986, PepsiCo’s sales had shot up nearly 40-fold, to $7.6bn. His legacy continues to shape the industry. Mr. Kendall offered a mix of strategic vision, principled leadership and marketing flair. Two years after taking charge of the company, he ____16____ Frito-Lay, a leading purveyor of snacks, giving PepsiCo a distinct advantage in its brand diversification that it still enjoys to this day. The two firms had competed for decades, but they mostly fought low-grade battles. Mr. Kendall changed that, by forcing both companies into an advertising arms race. In 1975 Coca-Cola spent round $25m on advertising and PepsiCo some $18m. In 1995 Pepsi ____17____ Coke by $112m to $82m. This was a risky gambit for both cola rivals. But it paid off in two ways. First, it helped fizzy drinks win a greater “share of throat.” They went from 12.4% of American beverage ____18____ in 1970 to 22.4% in 1985. And though Coca-Cola maintained its lead during this period, with over a third of the market, PepsiCo’s share shot up from 20% to a peak of over 30% in the 1990s. Last year carbonated-drinks sales totaled $77bn in America, and over $312bn globally. Coca-Cola and PepsiCo remain ____19____. The second way that the cola wars benefited both companies was by turning them into “the world’s best marketers,” observes Kaumil Gajrawala of Credit Suisse, a leading bank of Switzerland. Today the decades-long obsession with cut-price volume growth has been _____20_____ by a focus on revenues and profits. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension 45分 Section A 15分 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Sandhya Sriram is impatient. The stem-cell (干细胞) scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use, developing cultivated seafood. Yet no one was doing that in Singapore. So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean (甲壳纲动物) meat. ___21___, she registered her company, Shiok Meats in August 2018. “Nobody was doing crustaceans,” says Sriram, Shiok’s Group CEO and co-founder. “What do Asians eat the most? Seafood. It was a simple answer. And they’re so delicious.” A lifelong ___22___, she had never tried real shrimp, but she sampled it the week she registered the company. Today, the results of her ___23___ can be seen at the headquarters of her company. During a fall 2022 visit, a bio-process engineer looked into a microscope carefully. He had taken samples from a bioreactor in the room next door, where the company is ___24___ crustacean cells. Under the lens, he was checking to see if the cells were ready to harvest. Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp, lobster, and crab prototypes (最初形态) to a select group of tasters, and it plans to ___25___ regulatory approval to sell its lab-grown shrimp by April 2023. That could make it the first in the world to bring cultivated shrimp to diners, putting it at the leading position of the cultivated-meat ___26___. As of this writing, only one company has gained regulatory approval to sell lab-grown animal-protein products: Eat Jus’s cultured chicken is ___27___ but only in Singapore. Shiok Meats still needs to submit all the paperwork necessary and get regulatory approval, but the company hopes to see its products in restaurants by mid-2024, offering foodies a more environmentally friendly option free of ___28___ than crustaceans from farms. But even if that ambitious ___29___ is met, it will likely be a while before the average person is eating cultivated crustaceans. It will require not just regulatory approval but also more funding and a bigger factory, along with ___30___ consumers and governments around the world to accept lab-grown seafood. “We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,” says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.” Nevertheless, the impatient entrepreneur is ___31___. Sriram hopes to have the company’s next manufacturing plant ready by the end of 2023, where a 500-liter and a 2,000-liter bioreactor will be a major ___32___ from its current 50- and 200-liter bioreactors. The goal is for her products to enter the mainstream in Singapore in five to seven years. ___33___ these products could help tackle some of the environmental impacts of crustacean production. Organic waste, chemicals, and antibiotics from seafood farms can pollute groundwater. Shiok Meats says the way it produces crustacean meat minimizes animal cruelty, as growing protein in a lab helps avoid ___34___ animals. And cultivating shrimp closer to where it’s ___35___ cuts emissions from fishing-boat fuel and shipping products around the world. In a word, when science meets seafood, many wonderful things happen naturally. 21. A. Eagerly B. Hurriedly C. Incidentally D. Interestingly 22. A. dieter B. foodie C. taster D. vegetarian 23. A. discipline B. enthusiasm C. discovery D. mindset 24. A. growing B. investigating C. increasing D. targeting 25. A. accept B. adopt C. grant D. seek 26. A. farm B. race C. section D. line 27. A. available B. affordable C. competitive D. profitable 28. A. additive B. cruelty C. meat D. salt 29. A. guideline B. transformation C. condition D. timeline 30. A. demanding B. directing C. persuading D. training 31. A. delightful B. insightful C. open-minded D. optimistic 32. A. difference B. emergence C. sacrifice D. leap 33. A. Tracking B. Supervising C. Popularizing D. Sampling 34. A. feeding B. killing C. mistreating D. trapping 35. A. captured B. stranded C. consumed D. produced Section B 22分 Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Healing the Whole Family For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. I attended Yale (耶鲁大学) as a first-generation student supported through financial aid, worked at McKinsey, one of the world’s largest consulting firms, and received two master’s degrees from Stanford (斯坦福大学) . My fears of not being good enough seem groundless now, but perhaps were understandable given my upbringing. Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. I learned early that any moment without worry was idle. When my grandmother died in my freshman year of college, my mother chose to “get on with” her life, focusing on raising my brother. For years after, my brother struggled with his weight and schoolwork to the point of near expulsion (开除) from school. As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas. So did I. During college, I sought counseling and studied wellness. I began to keep a diary to overcome my past’s shadow. In my final year, I told my family I had seen a therapist, and that it had helped. My family was surprised to find out my mental health challenges were “bad enough” to lead me to seek help. It was hard on my parents, who are part of a generation focused on survival rather than wellness, to hear how their parenting had made a lasting impact on me. It took much time and effort for my parents to shift away from the mindset they had grown up with. Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” 36. The author mentioned all her achievements to ______. A. show her parents played a role in her education B. invite readers to rethink the definition of success C. prove that she is qualified to be critical about her family D. highlight that achievements don’t guarantee emotional well-being 37. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ______. A. the upbringing of the author’s parents B. the root cause of the author’s anxieties C. the common stereotype of Asian students D. the problems involved with anxiety-filled parenting 38. What motivated the author’s mother to deal with her own traumas? A. The focus on her own wellness. B. The sorrow brought by the death of her own mother. C. The fact that her daughter was diagnosed with depression. D. The belief that changing herself might help address her son’s issues. 39. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the article? A. To analyze the generational differences in attitudes towards wellness. B. To record how the author came to understand and forgive her parents. C. To show the author’s personal struggles of overcoming depression and anxiety. D. To emphasize the role of family dynamics in mental health and trauma recovery. (B) Workplace injuries still happen, In a statistical report produced by Safe Work Australia, there were a total of 104, 770 personal injury claims for a work-related incident last year alone. The most typical type is related to repetitive body movements, followed by unexpected falls and contact with moving equipment. Prioritizing health and safety is essential in creating a positive and productive working environment. 40. According to the info chart, workplace injuries may lead to ________. A. long leave of absence at work B. tax avoidance for companies C. nationwide salary reduction D. increased mental alertness 41. Which group of percentages best fits the blanks numbered 1, 2 and 3? A. ①17%;②24%;③38% B. ①26%;②43%; ③ 18% C. ①78%;②23%;③30% D. ①39%; ②25%;③17% 42. To ensure safety in the workplace, it is suggested that one should ________. A. make themselves clean before working B. wear safety equipment when necessary C. stretch arms and legs before lifting objects D. receive proper training on taking breaks (C) Gravitational waves were detected for the first time in 2015, when some of them moved through Earth. Two sensitive detectors — one in Washington State and one in Louisiana — picked up the distortions (扭曲) in spacetime, coming in this case from two crashing black holes. When scientists in charge of the detectors, called the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), announced the finding five months later, it became the most important physics news of 2016. As impressive as the breakthrough was, it left some key questions unaddressed. Primary among them: Where was the source of the waves? If all goes as planned, scientists could soon be able to deal with this issue for future detections. This spring physicists are preparing to turn back on a third gravitational-wave detector, called Virgo, near the Italian city of Pisa. Virgo was offline and undergoing upgrades when LIGO received its two signals in September 2015. With a trio of these giant instruments running, scientists hope to significantly improve efforts to determine the sources of gravitational waves. A speedy response to a “triple hit” — the same waves hitting all three detectors -- could enable ground-based telescopes to focus on a triangulated area of sky and possibly spot the bangs from which the waves come. A gravitational-wave detector picks up distortions in spacetime. But one of these detectors operating alone cannot rule out vibrations (震动) caused by sources on Earth. And each detector monitors a vast part of the universe: the field of view covers about 40 percent of the sky surrounding Earth, which is roughly what one would see standing in a desert and spinning in a circle. Try singling out even one faint star in all of that. LIGO’s twin approach has been key for another reason. Gravitational waves travel at the speed of light, but unless they happen to hit both detectors head-on, there are milliseconds of difference between when each detector registers a disturbance. Measuring this delay allows scientists to calculate the direction of impact, trace it back to the sky and narrow the waves’ origin to a smaller area — for 2015’s detections, this was about 2 percent of the sky. That is still a huge part of the universe to scan for a source event. When Advanced Virgo starts running, the possible location of the waves’ source in the sky should shrink by another factor of five, says Fulvio Ricci, Virgo’s spokesperson and a physicist at Sapienza University of Rome. Edo Berger, an astrophysicist at Harvard University who is using telescopes to study the events LIGO and Virgo detect, has a modulated take on that gain. “By adding a third detector to the network, the positions should improve significantly, reducing the source problem from something horrific to just something terrible,” he says. 43. What are the combined efforts of LIGO and Virgo expected to achieve? A. Involving more scientists. B. Shrinking the focused area. C. Expanding the detectable sky. D. Improving detectors’ sensitivity. 44. What can be learned about the gravitational waves detected in 2015? A. They proved narrower than previously assumed. B. They didn’t travel at the same speed as usual. C. They didn’t hit both of the detectors head-on. D. They were also picked up by a telescope. 45. It can be inferred from the passage that Edo Berger ________ the effect of Virgo joining in. A. takes a negative attitude towards B. is not very optimistic about C. holds a firm belief of D. thinks nothing of 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The theory behind a gravitational-wave detector. B. The new discovery of the source of gravitational waves. C. An approach to locating where gravitational waves originate. D. Divided opinions on whether gravitational-wave detectors work. Section C 8分 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hedgehog (刺猬) or fox? If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ____47____ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. ____48____ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognize or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ____49____ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ____50____ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. D. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. E. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. F. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 第Ⅱ卷 Ⅳ. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.  Are we greening our cities, or just greenwashing them? Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream. Everywhere you look, there are plans for “sustainable” buildings, futuristic eco-cities and aquaponic farms on the roof, each promising to add a green touch to the modern city. All of these are surely good ideas at some level. They are trying to repair some of the damage our lifestyle has done to the planet. But, despite the rhetoric of reuniting the city with nature, today’s green urban dream is too often about bringing a technologically controlled version of nature into the city and declaring the problem solved, rather than looking at the deeper causes of our environmental and urban problems. One of the most striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus now under construction in Silicon Valley. Though it seems to be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent of its 175-acre site is preserved for landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resource-intensive project. As a suburban white-collar workplace, it must include vast garages for 13,000 Apple employees. Thus, it will leave no smaller environmental footprint than a traditional office park. Designing a perfect green building or eco-city isn’t enough to save the world. Although our buildings, like our cars, have been inefficient environmentally, architecture isn’t directly responsible for humanity’s disastrous environmental impacts. An economic system based on the destruction of nature is the real problem. No green building can help us repair the ecological damage we have caused, nor can any number of aquaponic farms bring us back to the real nature. Instead of adding “nature” to the urban lifestyle, architects may work to design better relationships between our cities and nature, and to promote just relationships between the people in them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Translation (3+3+4+5分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 小张昨天在田里播下种子，期待来年的丰收。(sow)(汉译英) 53. 将举办一场摄影展来纪念在这次灾难中全心付出的医护人员。（memory）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 54. 这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。（as...as）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 面对网络时代的冲击，实体商店必须寻求创新之道，才能在激烈的竞争中生存，否则将不可避免地退出历史舞台。(survive) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing 25分 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是启明中学高二学生李明。你校英语报的“科技创新栏目”正在就下学期拟开设的科技兴趣课程向全校学生征集意见。现有四个备选课程主题：网站设计（Website design）、编程入门（Introduction to programming）、智能小工具设计(Smart gadget design）、机器人技术（Robotics）。请你给栏目编辑写一封邮件，内容需包括： 1．从四个备选项中，选择一个你最推荐的课程，并说明理由； 2．从四个备选项中，选择一个你最不推荐的课程，并说明理由。 CALL FOR IDEAS Dear students, To better integrate technology into our school life and foster innovation in daily practices, the school plans to offer an extracurricular course on cutting-edge technology next semester. There are several options for you to choose from: Website design; Introduction to programming; Smart gadget design; Robotics. We would like you to: ● Choose one course you recommend the MOST and explain your reasons; ● Choose one course you recommend the LEAST and explain your reasons. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属复兴中学2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二年级英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension 25分 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street. 2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks. C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets. 3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price. C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality. 4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room. C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad. 5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes. C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light. 6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London. B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie. C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages. D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London. 7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount. C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes. 8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack. 9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn. C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion. 10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds. B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain. C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world. D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition. C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor. 12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy. B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance. C. Developing a new use for the existing technology. D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems. 13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing. C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance. 14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher. C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass. Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. 15. A. According to how important the work is. B. According to when the work occurs to you. C. According to how much you like the subject. D. According to when the work should be completed. 16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task. C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance. 17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan. C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. 18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness. B. They regard them as fashionable appliances. C. They want to show their taste in gift choices. D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts. 19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness. 20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want. C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary 20分 Section A 10分 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Bob’s problems began during his formative years. His parents got divorced when he was young, and neither of his parents wanted to raise him or his brother and sister, so he ___1___ (bring) up by a foster family chosen by a social worker in the community. Unfortunately, his foster father was a strict authoritarian and often beat him. Bob rebelled against this strict upbringing, and by the time he was eight years old, he ___2___ (run) wild, stealing from shops and playing truant. When he reached adolescence, sometime around his thirteenth birthday, he had already appeared in court several times, charged ___3___ juvenile crimes. The judge blamed his foster parents, ___4___ (explain) that children needed responsible parents and guardians who would look after them properly. The foster father didn’t agree with the judge and objected to this, pointing out that Bob’s two brothers and sister were well-adjusted children who behaved at home and worked well at school. This has raised some interesting questions about the modern family system. ___5___ it is true that parents should not be too lenient with children by letting them do ___6___ they want, ___7___ too over-protective by sheltering them from the realities of life, it is also true that they should not be too strict. It has also highlighted the disadvantages of the modern nuclear family ___8___ the child has only its mother and father to rely on or the single-parent family, in which the mother or father has to struggle particularly hard ___9___ (support) their dependents. In fact, many people believe that we ___10___ return to traditional family values and the extended family: extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life. 【答案】1. was brought 2. had run##ran 3. with 4. explaining 5. While##Although##Though 6. what##whatever 7. or 8. where 9. to support 10. should##will##would##must 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章以Bob为例提出了一些关于现代家庭制度的有趣问题，也突出了现代小家庭的缺点，很多人认为我们应该回归传统的家庭价值观和大家庭。 【1题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他的父母在他很小的时候就离婚了，他的父母都不想抚养他和他的兄弟姐妹，所以他被一个社区的社会工作者选择的寄养家庭抚养长大。主语he和动词短语bring up之间是被动关系，结合前句中的wanted可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was brought。 【2题详解】 考查过去完成时/一般过去时。句意：Bob对这种严格的教育方式很不服气，八岁的时候，他开始疯狂，从商店里偷东西，还逃学。结合时间状语by the time he was eight years old可知，此处用过去完成时，也可用一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，故填had run/ran。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：当他进入青春期时，大约在他13岁生日的时候，他已经多次出现在法庭上，被指控犯有青少年罪。(be) charged with“负……责任，受……指控”，固定搭配，故填with。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：法官指责他的养父母，解释说孩子需要负责任的父母和监护人来妥善照顾他们。动词explain和逻辑主语The judge之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填explaining。 【5题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然父母不应该对孩子过于宽容，让他们做自己想做的事，不应该过于保护他们，让他们远离现实生活，但他们也不应该过于严格。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，首字母应大写，故填While/Although/Though。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what或whatever(无论什么)引导，故填what/whatever。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。空后的too over-protective和前文too lenient之间是并列关系，表示“父母不应该对孩子过于宽容，也不应该过于保护他们”，且此处是否定句，用连词or连接，故填or。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它还突出了现代核心家庭的缺点，在这种家庭中，儿童只能依靠母亲和父亲;在单亲家庭中，母亲或父亲必须特别努力地养活他们的受抚养人。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the modern nuclear family，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to support。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：事实上，许多人认为我们应该/将会/必须回归传统的家庭价值观和大家庭：广泛的研究表明，这些家庭的孩子通常表现得更好，在以后的生活中有更大的成功机会。结合下文“extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life.”可知，传统的大家庭的孩子通常表现得更好，在以后的生活中有更大的成功机会，此处使用情态动词should“应该”，will表示将来的事情、would表示说话人的意愿，语气较委婉以及must“必须”均可，故填should/will/would/must。 Section B 10分 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. acquired B. consumption C. deal D. replaced E intense F. credit G. stepped H. projected I. dominant J outspent K tender Cola Wars Fire-starter Donald Kendall added marketing sparkle to the soft-drinks industry. “Rock and roller cola wars, I can’t take it anymore!” cried Billy Joel in his chart-topping song from 1989. He had had enough of the ____11____ marketing battle between America’s fizzy-drinks giants. As the underdog (劣势方), PepsiCo had greatly surprised its bigger rival, Coca-Cola, by signing Michael Jackson, the era’s biggest musical star, to promote its brand in a record-setting $5m ____12____. The cola wars became a cultural phenomenon, and ____13____ for that goes to Donald Kendall, PepsiCo’s legendary former boss. A gifted salesman, he rose quickly through the ranks from his start on the bottling line to become the firm’s top sales and marketing executive at the ____14____ age of 35. Seven years later he was named CEO. By the time he ____15____ down as boss in 1986, PepsiCo’s sales had shot up nearly 40-fold, to $7.6bn. His legacy continues to shape the industry. Mr. Kendall offered a mix of strategic vision, principled leadership and marketing flair. Two years after taking charge of the company, he ____16____ Frito-Lay, a leading purveyor of snacks, giving PepsiCo a distinct advantage in its brand diversification that it still enjoys to this day. The two firms had competed for decades, but they mostly fought low-grade battles. Mr. Kendall changed that, by forcing both companies into an advertising arms race. In 1975 Coca-Cola spent round $25m on advertising and PepsiCo some $18m. In 1995 Pepsi ____17____ Coke by $112m to $82m. This was a risky gambit for both cola rivals. But it paid off in two ways. First, it helped fizzy drinks win a greater “share of throat.” They went from 12.4% of American beverage ____18____ in 1970 to 22.4% in 1985. And though Coca-Cola maintained its lead during this period, with over a third of the market, PepsiCo’s share shot up from 20% to a peak of over 30% in the 1990s. Last year carbonated-drinks sales totaled $77bn in America, and over $312bn globally. Coca-Cola and PepsiCo remain ____19____. The second way that the cola wars benefited both companies was by turning them into “the world’s best marketers,” observes Kaumil Gajrawala of Credit Suisse, a leading bank of Switzerland. Today the decades-long obsession with cut-price volume growth has been _____20_____ by a focus on revenues and profits. 【答案】11. E 12. C 13. F 14. K 15. G 16. A 17. J 18. B 19. I 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了百事公司前传奇总裁唐纳德·肯德尔如何通过营销策略和广告战，推动百事与可口可乐之间的“可乐战争”，从而改变整个软饮行业格局的故事。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他已经受够了美国汽水巨头之间激烈的营销战。设空处修饰名词短语“marketing battle”，需要形容词。结合语境，两大巨头之间的竞争非常激烈，备选形容词中“intense”（激烈的）符合语义。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为弱势方，百事公司以创纪录的500万美元合约签下当时最红的音乐巨星迈克尔·杰克逊来推广其品牌，这令其更大的对手可口可乐公司大为震惊。设空处前有“a record-setting $5m”修饰，需要名词作介词宾语。此处指百事与杰克逊签订的商业合作合约，“deal”（合约，交易）符合语义。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：可乐战争成为一种文化现象，而功劳要归于百事公司传奇的前老板唐纳德·肯德尔。设空处作主语，需要名词。短语“credit for”表示“归功于”，此处指“功劳归功于肯德尔”。备选名词中“credit”（功劳，赞誉）符合语义。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为一位天才销售员，他从装瓶线起步迅速晋升，在年仅35岁时就成为公司顶级销售和营销主管。设空处修饰“age”，表示年龄程度，需要形容词。此处强调他晋升时年纪很轻，“tender”（年轻的，未成年的）符合语境，常用搭配“at the tender age of...”表示“在……岁这么小的年纪”。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到1986年他卸任老板时，百事公司的销售额已飙升近40倍，达到76亿美元。设空处作谓语，描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时。短语“step down”意为“辞职，卸任”，此处用过去式“stepped”。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：接管公司两年后，他收购了领先的零食供应商菲多利，使百事在品牌多元化方面获得了至今仍享有的明显优势。设空处作谓语，描述过去动作，需用一般过去时。根据语境，他通过收购扩大了公司业务，“acquired”（收购，获得）符合语义。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：1995年，百事在广告支出上以1.12亿美元超过可口可乐的8200万美元。设空处作谓语，描述过去的结果，需用一般过去时。此处指百事在广告投入金额上超过对手，“outspent”（在花费上超过）符合语义。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们在美国饮料消费中的份额从1970年的12.4%上升到1985年的22.4%。设空处前有“beverage”作定语，需要名词。此处指饮料的消费总量，“consumption”（消费）符合语义。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：可口可乐和百事公司仍然是主导者。设空处作表语，需要形容词。根据上文市场份额数据，两大公司仍占市场主导地位，“dominant”（占主导地位的）符合语义。 【20题详解】 考查动词的被动语态。句意：如今，长达数十年来对降价冲量的执着追求已被对收入和利润的关注所取代。设空处作谓语，主语“obsession”与动词之间为被动关系，需用被动语态（be+过去分词），此处为现在完成时的被动结构“has been replaced”。句意上指旧的增长模式被新的盈利模式“取代”。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension 45分 Section A 15分 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Sandhya Sriram is impatient. The stem-cell (干细胞) scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use, developing cultivated seafood. Yet no one was doing that in Singapore. So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean (甲壳纲动物) meat. ___21___, she registered her company, Shiok Meats in August 2018. “Nobody was doing crustaceans,” says Sriram, Shiok’s Group CEO and co-founder. “What do Asians eat the most? Seafood. It was a simple answer. And they’re so delicious.” A lifelong ___22___, she had never tried real shrimp, but she sampled it the week she registered the company. Today, the results of her ___23___ can be seen at the headquarters of her company. During a fall 2022 visit, a bio-process engineer looked into a microscope carefully. He had taken samples from a bioreactor in the room next door, where the company is ___24___ crustacean cells. Under the lens, he was checking to see if the cells were ready to harvest. Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp, lobster, and crab prototypes (最初形态) to a select group of tasters, and it plans to ___25___ regulatory approval to sell its lab-grown shrimp by April 2023. That could make it the first in the world to bring cultivated shrimp to diners, putting it at the leading position of the cultivated-meat ___26___. As of this writing, only one company has gained regulatory approval to sell lab-grown animal-protein products: Eat Jus’s cultured chicken is ___27___ but only in Singapore. Shiok Meats still needs to submit all the paperwork necessary and get regulatory approval, but the company hopes to see its products in restaurants by mid-2024, offering foodies a more environmentally friendly option free of ___28___ than crustaceans from farms. But even if that ambitious ___29___ is met, it will likely be a while before the average person is eating cultivated crustaceans. It will require not just regulatory approval but also more funding and a bigger factory, along with ___30___ consumers and governments around the world to accept lab-grown seafood. “We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,” says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.” Nevertheless, the impatient entrepreneur is ___31___. Sriram hopes to have the company’s next manufacturing plant ready by the end of 2023, where a 500-liter and a 2,000-liter bioreactor will be a major ___32___ from its current 50- and 200-liter bioreactors. The goal is for her products to enter the mainstream in Singapore in five to seven years. ___33___ these products could help tackle some of the environmental impacts of crustacean production. Organic waste, chemicals, and antibiotics from seafood farms can pollute groundwater. Shiok Meats says the way it produces crustacean meat minimizes animal cruelty, as growing protein in a lab helps avoid ___34___ animals. And cultivating shrimp closer to where it’s ___35___ cuts emissions from fishing-boat fuel and shipping products around the world. In a word, when science meets seafood, many wonderful things happen naturally. 21. A. Eagerly B. Hurriedly C. Incidentally D. Interestingly 22. A. dieter B. foodie C. taster D. vegetarian 23. A. discipline B. enthusiasm C. discovery D. mindset 24. A. growing B. investigating C. increasing D. targeting 25. A. accept B. adopt C. grant D. seek 26. A. farm B. race C. section D. line 27. A. available B. affordable C. competitive D. profitable 28. A. additive B. cruelty C. meat D. salt 29. A. guideline B. transformation C. condition D. timeline 30. A. demanding B. directing C. persuading D. training 31. A. delightful B. insightful C. open-minded D. optimistic 32. A. difference B. emergence C. sacrifice D. leap 33. A. Tracking B. Supervising C. Popularizing D. Sampling 34. A. feeding B. killing C. mistreating D. trapping 35. A. captured B. stranded C. consumed D. produced 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了企业家Sandhya Sriram把知识用于开发养殖海鲜，成立了一家公司，生产实验室培育的甲壳类动物肉。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：2018年8月，她急切地注册了自己的公司Shiok Meats。A. Eagerly急切地；B. Hurriedly急忙；C. Incidentally偶然地；D. Interestingly有趣地。根据上文“Sandhya Sriram is impatient.( Sandhya Sriram没有耐心)”可知，指她急切地注册了自己的公司Shiok Meats。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一生都是素食主义者，从来没有吃过真正的虾，但在她注册公司的那一周，她尝了一口。A. dieter节食者；B. foodie美食家；C. taster试味员；D. vegetarian素食者。根据后文“she had never tried real shrimp”推测她是素食主义者。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，她的“热情”的结果可以在她的公司总部看到。A. discipline纪律；B. enthusiasm热情；C. discovery发现；D. mindset观念。根据上文“What do Asians eat the most? Seafood. It was a simple answer. And they’re so delicious.(亚洲人最得吃多的什么？海鲜。答案很简单。它们太好吃了。)”此处指她对于海鲜的热情。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从隔壁房间的生物反应器中提取了样本，该公司正在那里培养甲壳类动物细胞。A. growing生长；B. investigating调查；C. increasing增加；D. targeting把……作为目标。根据上文“He had taken samples from a bioreactor in the room next door”指公司在生物反应器中培养甲壳类动物细胞。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Shiok Meats已经向一组精选的品尝者展示了虾、龙虾和螃蟹的原型，并计划在2023年4月之前寻求监管部门的批准，出售实验室培育的虾。A. accept接受；B. adopt采取；C. grant给予；D. seek寻找。根据后文“regulatory approval to sell its lab-grown shrimp”指寻求监管部门的批准，出售实验室培育的虾。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能使它成为世界上第一家将养殖虾送到食客面前的公司，使其在养殖肉竞赛中处于领先地位。A. farm农场；B. race比赛；C. section部分；D. line线条。根据上文“putting it at the leading position of the cultivated-meat”可知，这家公司成为世界上第一家将养殖虾送到食客面前的公司，使其在养殖肉竞赛中处于领先地位。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在撰写本文时，只有一家公司获得了监管部门的批准，可以销售实验室培育的动物蛋白产品：Eat Jus的养殖鸡，但只在新加坡销售。A. available可获得的；B. affordable便宜的；C. competitive竞争的；D. profitable盈利的。根据后文“but only in Singapore”可知，这家公司可以销售实验室培育的动物蛋白产品：Eat Jus的养殖鸡，但只在新加坡销售。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shiok Meats 仍需提交所有必要的文件并获得监管部门的批准，但该公司希望在 2024 年年中看到其产品进入餐馆，为美食家提供比农场甲壳类动物更环保、更无公害的选择。A. additive添加剂；B. cruelty残酷；C. meat肉；D. salt盐。根据上文“offering foodies a more environmentally friendly option free of”指该公司希望在 2024 年年中看到其产品进入餐馆，为美食家提供比农场甲壳类动物更环保、更无公害的选择。短语free of cruelty表示“无公害。”故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使这个雄心勃勃的时间表得以实现，普通人吃到人工养殖的甲壳类动物可能还需要一段时间。A. guideline指导方针；B. transformation变化；C. condition条件；D. timeline时间轴。对应上文“see its products in restaurants by mid-2024”指在 2024 年让这种产品进入餐厅的时间表，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅需要监管部门的批准，还需要更多的资金和更大的工厂，还要说服世界各地的消费者和政府接受实验室种植的海鲜。A. demanding要求；B. directing指导；C. persuading说服；D. training训练。根据后文“consumers and governments around the world to accept lab-grown seafood”指说服世界各地的消费者和政府接受实验室种植的海鲜。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位不耐烦的企业家是乐观的。A. delightful令人高兴的；B. insightful富有洞察力的；C. open-minded虚心的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据上文““We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,” says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.”(“我们正处于创业的一个有趣阶段；它被称为死亡之谷，”斯里拉姆说。“我们目前所处的领域还没有提交监管机构的批准，但我们希望在未来两年内实现商业化。”)”以及however表示转折，说明这位企业家的心态是乐观的。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯利拉姆希望在2023年底之前建成公司的下一个制造工厂，届时500升和2000升的生物反应器将是目前50升和200升生物反应器的重大飞跃。A. difference差异；B. emergence出现；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. leap跳跃。根据后文“from its current 50- and 200-liter bioreactors”指500升和2000升的生物反应器将是目前50升和200升生物反应器的重大飞跃。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：推广这些产品可以帮助解决甲壳类动物生产对环境的一些影响。A. Tracking追踪；B. Supervising监督；C. Popularizing普及；D. Sampling取样。根据后文“these products could help tackle some of the environmental impacts of crustacean production”此处指推广这些产品可以帮助解决甲壳类动物生产对环境的一些影响。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Shiok Meats表示，他们生产甲壳类动物肉的方式最大限度地减少了对动物的虐待，因为在实验室里培育蛋白质有助于避免动物死亡。A. feeding喂养；B. killing杀死；C. mistreating虐待；D. trapping困住。根据上文“growing protein in a lab helps avoid”可知，蛋白质是实验室培育的，所以避免了杀死动物。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在离虾的消费地更近的地方养殖虾可以减少渔船燃料和世界各地运输产品的排放。A. captured捕捉；B. stranded搁浅；C. consumed消耗；D. produced产生。根据后文“cuts emissions from fishing-boat fuel and shipping products around the world”可知，减少渔船燃料和世界各地运输产品的排放是因为离虾的消费地更近。故选C。 Section B 22分 Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Healing the Whole Family For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. I attended Yale (耶鲁大学) as a first-generation student supported through financial aid, worked at McKinsey, one of the world’s largest consulting firms, and received two master’s degrees from Stanford (斯坦福大学) . My fears of not being good enough seem groundless now, but perhaps were understandable given my upbringing. Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. I learned early that any moment without worry was idle. When my grandmother died in my freshman year of college, my mother chose to “get on with” her life, focusing on raising my brother. For years after, my brother struggled with his weight and schoolwork to the point of near expulsion (开除) from school. As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas. So did I. During college, I sought counseling and studied wellness. I began to keep a diary to overcome my past’s shadow. In my final year, I told my family I had seen a therapist, and that it had helped. My family was surprised to find out my mental health challenges were “bad enough” to lead me to seek help. It was hard on my parents, who are part of a generation focused on survival rather than wellness, to hear how their parenting had made a lasting impact on me. It took much time and effort for my parents to shift away from the mindset they had grown up with. Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” 36. The author mentioned all her achievements to ______. A. show her parents played a role in her education B. invite readers to rethink the definition of success C. prove that she is qualified to be critical about her family D. highlight that achievements don’t guarantee emotional well-being 37. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ______. A. the upbringing of the author’s parents B. the root cause of the author’s anxieties C. the common stereotype of Asian students D. the problems involved with anxiety-filled parenting 38. What motivated the author’s mother to deal with her own traumas? A. The focus on her own wellness. B. The sorrow brought by the death of her own mother. C. The fact that her daughter was diagnosed with depression. D. The belief that changing herself might help address her son’s issues. 39. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the article? A. To analyze the generational differences in attitudes towards wellness. B. To record how the author came to understand and forgive her parents. C. To show the author’s personal struggles of overcoming depression and anxiety. D. To emphasize the role of family dynamics in mental health and trauma recovery. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述家庭创伤代际传递，共同疗愈改变心理健康。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. (很长一段时间里，我都不了解抑郁和焦虑，我身边的大人们也从未起过疑心，因为我看起来一切都顺风顺水：美国学业能力倾向测验（SAT）成绩优异，十门大学先修课程（AP）考试全部高分通过，荣获过国家级奖项，担任过社团主席，是一名热心的志愿者，还创办了一家非营利组织。每当我突然大哭起来时，父亲总会对我大喊让我别哭。而当我向母亲倾诉自己的消极想法时，她却说我自私。在我达到无可挑剔的完美之前，我一直觉得自己不配得到他们的爱)”可知，作者虽然取得了很多成就，看起来一切都很好，但内心却充满了不被爱的感觉和对自己不够好的恐惧，有抑郁和焦虑的情绪。由此推知作者提到自己的所有成就，是为了强调成就并不能保证情感上的幸福。故选D。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. (我的父母在被忽视和虐待的环境中长大，他们身上有着连自己都不敢去揭开的伤疤。从来没有人教过他们如何去面对那些创伤，以及如何避免在充满焦虑的养育方式中重蹈覆辙。我完全不记得家里什么时候有过无忧无虑的时光)”可知，作者在第三段指出父母的忽视和虐待的教养方式是其焦虑根源，由此推断本段主要讲述作者焦虑的根本原因。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas.(当我母亲在寻找帮助我弟弟的方法时，她接触到了维吉尼亚・萨提尔的家庭治疗理论。萨提尔认为每个家庭都是一个系统。改变其中一部分就会改变整个系统。这使得我母亲开始处理她自己的创伤)”可知，母亲在寻找帮助弟弟的方法时，接触到家庭治疗理论，认为改变自己作为家庭系统的一部分可能有助于解决弟弟的问题，所以开始处理自己的创伤。因此，作者母亲处理自己创伤的动机是相信改变自己可能有助于解决她儿子的问题。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” (几年过去了，我母亲现在经营着一家非营利组织，向成千上万说普通话的父母教授有意识的沟通。在她最近的研讨会上，我听到我父亲对一位家长说：“我不相信心理治疗，直到我女儿告诉我，这就像在牙医那里补牙一样，这对我现在来说很有意义。看着我的家人学习，让我看到我也有成长的空间。”)”可知，文章结尾对文章进行总结，即通过家庭疗愈历程，强调家庭互动对心理健康的影响，比如母亲创办非营利组织、父亲观念转变等。由此可以推断文章的主要目的是强调家庭动态在心理健康和创伤康复中的作用。故选D。 (B) Workplace injuries still happen, In a statistical report produced by Safe Work Australia, there were a total of 104, 770 personal injury claims for a work-related incident last year alone. The most typical type is related to repetitive body movements, followed by unexpected falls and contact with moving equipment. Prioritizing health and safety is essential in creating a positive and productive working environment. 40. According to the info chart, workplace injuries may lead to ________. A. long leave of absence at work B. tax avoidance for companies C. nationwide salary reduction D. increased mental alertness 41. Which group of percentages best fits the blanks numbered 1, 2 and 3? A. ①17%;②24%;③38% B. ①26%;②43%; ③ 18% C. ①78%;②23%;③30% D. ①39%; ②25%;③17% 42. To ensure safety in the workplace, it is suggested that one should ________. A. make themselves clean before working B. wear safety equipment when necessary C. stretch arms and legs before lifting objects D. receive proper training on taking breaks 【答案】40. A 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了工伤的一些背景知识以及安全建议。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“The median time lost across over 100, 000 serious claims is 7.0 weeks(在超过10万份严重索赔中，损失时间的中位数为7.0周)”可知，根据信息图表，工伤可能导致长时间缺勤。故选A。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The most typical type is related to repetitive body movements, followed by unexpected falls and contact with moving equipment.(最典型的类型是与重复的身体动作有关，其次是意外跌倒和与移动设备接触)”可推知，身体损伤应该是三者中比例最高的，其次是意外跌倒和与移动设备接触。39%、25%和17%最适合1、2和3个空格。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“·Have high risk areas clearly signed and ensure access and usage of Personal Protective Equipment.(·明确标示高危区域，并确保个人防护装备的进入和使用)”可知，为确保工作场所的安全，建议在必要时佩戴安全装备。故选B。 (C) Gravitational waves were detected for the first time in 2015, when some of them moved through Earth. Two sensitive detectors — one in Washington State and one in Louisiana — picked up the distortions (扭曲) in spacetime, coming in this case from two crashing black holes. When scientists in charge of the detectors, called the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), announced the finding five months later, it became the most important physics news of 2016. As impressive as the breakthrough was, it left some key questions unaddressed. Primary among them: Where was the source of the waves? If all goes as planned, scientists could soon be able to deal with this issue for future detections. This spring physicists are preparing to turn back on a third gravitational-wave detector, called Virgo, near the Italian city of Pisa. Virgo was offline and undergoing upgrades when LIGO received its two signals in September 2015. With a trio of these giant instruments running, scientists hope to significantly improve efforts to determine the sources of gravitational waves. A speedy response to a “triple hit” — the same waves hitting all three detectors -- could enable ground-based telescopes to focus on a triangulated area of sky and possibly spot the bangs from which the waves come. A gravitational-wave detector picks up distortions in spacetime. But one of these detectors operating alone cannot rule out vibrations (震动) caused by sources on Earth. And each detector monitors a vast part of the universe: the field of view covers about 40 percent of the sky surrounding Earth, which is roughly what one would see standing in a desert and spinning in a circle. Try singling out even one faint star in all of that. LIGO’s twin approach has been key for another reason. Gravitational waves travel at the speed of light, but unless they happen to hit both detectors head-on, there are milliseconds of difference between when each detector registers a disturbance. Measuring this delay allows scientists to calculate the direction of impact, trace it back to the sky and narrow the waves’ origin to a smaller area — for 2015’s detections, this was about 2 percent of the sky. That is still a huge part of the universe to scan for a source event. When Advanced Virgo starts running, the possible location of the waves’ source in the sky should shrink by another factor of five, says Fulvio Ricci, Virgo’s spokesperson and a physicist at Sapienza University of Rome. Edo Berger, an astrophysicist at Harvard University who is using telescopes to study the events LIGO and Virgo detect, has a modulated take on that gain. “By adding a third detector to the network, the positions should improve significantly, reducing the source problem from something horrific to just something terrible,” he says. 43. What are the combined efforts of LIGO and Virgo expected to achieve? A. Involving more scientists. B. Shrinking the focused area. C. Expanding the detectable sky. D. Improving detectors’ sensitivity. 44. What can be learned about the gravitational waves detected in 2015? A. They proved narrower than previously assumed. B. They didn’t travel at the same speed as usual. C. They didn’t hit both of the detectors head-on. D. They were also picked up by a telescope. 45. It can be inferred from the passage that Edo Berger ________ the effect of Virgo joining in. A. takes a negative attitude towards B. is not very optimistic about C. holds a firm belief of D. thinks nothing of 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The theory behind a gravitational-wave detector. B. The new discovery of the source of gravitational waves. C. An approach to locating where gravitational waves originate. D. Divided opinions on whether gravitational-wave detectors work. 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍借助多台引力波探测器协同工作，精准定位引力波源头的相关技术与进展。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“With a trio of these giant instruments running, scientists hope to significantly improve efforts to determine the sources of gravitational waves.(三台大型设备同时运行，科学家希望大幅提升定位引力波源头的能力)”以及第五段“When Advanced Virgo starts running, the possible location of the waves’ source in the sky should shrink by another factor of five(先进室女座探测器启用后，天空中引力波源头的预估范围会再缩小五倍)”可知，LIGO与Virgo协同工作的目标是缩小观测定位范围。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Gravitational waves travel at the speed of light, but unless they happen to hit both detectors head-on, there are milliseconds of difference between when each detector registers a disturbance. Measuring this delay allows scientists to calculate the direction of impact, trace it back to the sky and narrow the waves’ origin to a smaller area — for 2015’s detections, this was about 2 percent of the sky.(引力波以光速传播，但除非它们恰好正面撞上两台探测器，否则两台探测器记录到扰动信号的时间会存在数毫秒的差值。科学家通过测算这一时间差，就能推算出引力波的入射方向，追溯其在天空中的方位，并将波源锁定在一片更小的天区范围 ——2015 年的几次探测中，该范围约占整片天空的 2%。)”可推知，2015年的引力波并未正面同时击中两台探测器，因此才需要测量时间差计算位置。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“By adding a third detector to the network, the positions should improve significantly, reducing the source problem from something horrific to just something terrible(新增第三台探测器能大幅优化定位，但只能把棘手的源头定位难题从极度糟糕缓解为依旧棘手）”可知，他认可Virgo能起到改善作用，但并不十分乐观。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。全文先介绍2015年引力波探测遗留源头定位难题，再阐述单台、两台探测器的局限，说明新增Virgo三台联动缩小定位范围的原理与效果，核心围绕定位引力波发源地的方法展开。 Section C 8分 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hedgehog (刺猬) or fox? If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ____47____ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. ____48____ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognize or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ____49____ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ____50____ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. D. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. E. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. F. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 【答案】47. F 48. C 49. E 50. A 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕“刺猬型思维者”与“狐狸型思维者”两种思维模式展开对比，分别阐述二者各自的优缺点。 【47题详解】 根据前文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(刺猬型思考者会给出肯定答案)”以及后文“And they are usually very credible in doing so.(他们在坚持观点时往往很有说服力)”可知，此处描写刺猬型人的处事特点。F选项“They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.(他们坚定站在某一方，全力拥护自己的立场)”承接上文，说明刺猬型人会笃定坚持单一观点，符合语境。 【48题详解】 根据后文“Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognize or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.(菲利普·泰特研究了周日访谈节目中一众预测者过往的判断记录。他发现，“刺猬型”预测者出错的概率不仅远高于“狐狸型”预测者，并且当现实事态与他们的预判不符时，他们也更难意识到、或是不愿承认自己判断失误。)”可知，介绍研究发现刺猬型人预测出错率更高，还不愿承认自己的错误，是集中专注单一事物带来的弊端。C选项“But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.(但只专注一件大事也存在弊端)”起到转折总起本段的作用，引出下文的缺点论证，符合语境。 【49题详解】 根据前文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.(狐狸型思考者擅长广泛搜集各类新信息，能够接纳不确定性与新消息)”以及后文“They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.(他们会把新信息纳入自身观点，而非排斥)”可知，选项承接上下文说明狐狸型人包容不同信息的特质。E选项“When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.(当出现与自身观点矛盾的事物时，他们不会将其视作特例无视)”符合语境。 【50题详解】 根据前文“So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.(那么哪种更好？我们可以用融合二者的视角回答这个问题)”以及后文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off.(在成为刺猬型思考者或狐狸型思考者之间做出选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知,两种模式各有长处，不必二选一。A选项“In other words, there are clear advantages for each.(换句话说，两种模式各自都有明显优势)”承上启下，引出后文无需取舍、融合二者的观点，符合语境。 第Ⅱ卷 Ⅳ. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.  Are we greening our cities, or just greenwashing them? Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream. Everywhere you look, there are plans for “sustainable” buildings, futuristic eco-cities and aquaponic farms on the roof, each promising to add a green touch to the modern city. All of these are surely good ideas at some level. They are trying to repair some of the damage our lifestyle has done to the planet. But, despite the rhetoric of reuniting the city with nature, today’s green urban dream is too often about bringing a technologically controlled version of nature into the city and declaring the problem solved, rather than looking at the deeper causes of our environmental and urban problems. One of the most striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus now under construction in Silicon Valley. Though it seems to be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent of its 175-acre site is preserved for landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resource-intensive project. As a suburban white-collar workplace, it must include vast garages for 13,000 Apple employees. Thus, it will leave no smaller environmental footprint than a traditional office park. Designing a perfect green building or eco-city isn’t enough to save the world. Although our buildings, like our cars, have been inefficient environmentally, architecture isn’t directly responsible for humanity’s disastrous environmental impacts. An economic system based on the destruction of nature is the real problem. No green building can help us repair the ecological damage we have caused, nor can any number of aquaponic farms bring us back to the real nature. Instead of adding “nature” to the urban lifestyle, architects may work to design better relationships between our cities and nature, and to promote just relationships between the people in them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Architects are trying to make cities greener. Their common approach is using technology to bring in some nature elements. Apple’s “spaceship” campus is claimed to be eco-friendly but actually isn’t. Such projects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause of environmental problems. So efforts should be made to enable cities and their people to co-exist with nature harmoniously. 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。建筑师们正努力让城市变得更环保。他们常用的方法是利用技术引入一些自然元素。苹果公司的“宇宙飞船”园区声称是环保的，但实际上并非如此。这样的项目无济于事，因为建筑并不是环境问题的真正原因。因此，应该努力使城市及其居民与自然和谐共处。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream. ②But, despite the rhetoric of reuniting the city with nature, today’s green urban dream is too often about bringing a technologically controlled version of nature into the city and declaring the problem solved, rather than looking at the deeper causes of our environmental and urban problems. ③One of the most striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus now under construction in Silicon Valley. Though it seems to be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent of its 175-acre site is preserved for landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resource-intensive project. ④Designing a perfect green building or eco-city isn’t enough to save the world. ⑤Instead of adding “nature” to the urban lifestyle, architects may work to design better relationships between our cities and nature, and to promote just relationships between the people in them. 2. 缜密构思 将1、 2、 3、 4、 5五个要点进行整合重组。 3. 遣词造句 Architects are trying to make cities greener. Their common approach is using technology to bring in some nature elements. Apple’s “spaceship” campus is claimed to be eco-friendly but actually isn’t. Such projects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause of environmental problems. So efforts should be made to enable cities and their people to co-exist with nature harmoniously. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Such projects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause of environmental problems.(because引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2]So efforts should be made to enable cities and their people to co-exist with nature harmoniously.(含情态动词的被动语态) Ⅴ. Translation (3+3+4+5分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 小张昨天在田里播下种子，期待来年的丰收。(sow)(汉译英) 【答案】Zhang sowed the seeds in the field yesterday, expecting a good harvest next year. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。根据时间状语“昨天”可知，该句应使用一般过去时态，“小张昨天在田里播下种子”应译为Zhang sowed the seeds in the field yesterday；表示“期待来年的丰收”译为expect a good harvest next year；分析句子结构可知，后半句话应该是非谓语动词作状语，expect与其逻辑主语Zhang之间为主动关系，且与谓语动词sowed同时进行，所以使用现在分词短语作状语。故翻译为Zhang sowed the seeds in the field yesterday, expecting a good harvest next year.。 53. 将举办一场摄影展来纪念在这次灾难中全心付出的医护人员。（memory）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】A photo exhibition will be held in memory of the devoted/ dedicated/ committed doctors and nurses in this disaster. 【解析】 【详解】“摄影展”表达为photo exhibition ；“举办”用hold ，“摄影展”与“举办”之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，结构为“be +过去分词” ，hold的过去分词是held 。由于是“将举办”，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，即“will be +过去分词” ，所以“将举办一场摄影展”译为A photo exhibition will be held 。 “纪念”表达为in memory of ，是固定短语； “全心付出的”可以用devoted、dedicated、committed，“医护人员”是doctors and nurses ，“在这次灾难中”是in this disaster。 54. 这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。（as...as）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although this canal, which took hundreds of years to be constructed, is no longer as prosperous as it used to be, it is still an important waterway running from the east to the west. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句、定语从句以及现在分词。根据句意，表示“这条运河”为this canal作主语，表示“历经数百年才修建而成”可译为非限制性定语从句，“this canal”在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系代词which引导，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，表示“历经”为动词take，使用动词过去式形式took作定语从句的谓语，表示“数百年”为hundreds of years，表示“修建”为construct，表示“历经多久做某事”为take some time to do sth.，且construct与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用不定式的被动形式，定语从句为which took hundreds of years to be constructed；表示“不再”为no longer；表示“繁荣景象”为prosperous作表语，所以谓语动词为be动词，表示“和……一样……”为as...as...，表示“昔日”为it used to be，表示“虽”为although引导让步状语从句，所以，“如今虽无昔日繁荣之景”可译为although this canal is no longer as prosperous as it used to be，句首单词的首字母要大写；表示“但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路”为主句，表示“仍然是重要水路”可译为it is still an important waterway，表示“横跨东西的”为 run from the east to the west，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰waterway，run与waterway之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词running作后置定语修饰waterway，所以主句翻译为it is still an important waterway running from the east to the west。故翻译为Although this canal, which took hundreds of years to be constructed, is no longer as prosperous as it used to be, it is still an important waterway running from the east to the west. 55. 面对网络时代的冲击，实体商店必须寻求创新之道，才能在激烈的竞争中生存，否则将不可避免地退出历史舞台。(survive) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Faced with/Facing the impact of the Internet era/age, physical stores must seek innovative/creative ways to survive (in) the intense/fierce competition, or they will inevitably withdraw from the historical stage/step off the stage of history. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语和时态。“面对”be faced with，在句中作状语，把be去掉即可，或及物动词face“面对”与句子主语physical stores构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，“网络时代的冲击”the impact of the Internet era/age作with或facing的宾语，句子主语“实体商店”physical stores，“必须”用情态动词must，后接动词原形形式，“寻求”seek，后接宾语“创新的方法”innovative/creative ways，“在激烈的竞争中生存”survive (in) the intense/fierce competition，survive用不定式形式作目的状语，“否则”or，并列连词连接前后两个句子，“他们”they，描述将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时，“不可避免地”inevitably，置于助动词will后，“退出历史舞台” withdraw from the historical stage或step off the stage of history，动词withdraw和step都用动词原形形式。故翻译为Faced with/Facing the impact of the Internet era/age, physical stores must seek innovative/creative ways to survive (in) the intense/fierce competition, or they will inevitably withdraw from the historical stage/step off the stage of history. Ⅵ. Guided Writing 25分 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是启明中学高二学生李明。你校英语报的“科技创新栏目”正在就下学期拟开设的科技兴趣课程向全校学生征集意见。现有四个备选课程主题：网站设计（Website design）、编程入门（Introduction to programming）、智能小工具设计(Smart gadget design）、机器人技术（Robotics）。请你给栏目编辑写一封邮件，内容需包括： 1．从四个备选项中，选择一个你最推荐的课程，并说明理由； 2．从四个备选项中，选择一个你最不推荐的课程，并说明理由。 CALL FOR IDEAS Dear students, To better integrate technology into our school life and foster innovation in daily practices, the school plans to offer an extracurricular course on cutting-edge technology next semester. There are several options for you to choose from: Website design; Introduction to programming; Smart gadget design; Robotics. We would like you to: ● Choose one course you recommend the MOST and explain your reasons; ● Choose one course you recommend the LEAST and explain your reasons. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editor, I'm Li Ming, a Senior Two student from Qiming Middle School. I'm writing to share my thoughts on the technology-related extracurricular courses. Among the four options, I recommend “Robotics” the most. Firstly, robotics combines multiple fields of knowledge such as mechanics, electronics, and programming, which can broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive skills. Secondly, with the development of artificial intelligence, robotics is playing an increasingly important role in various industries. I recommend “Website design” the least. Although it is relevant to the digital age, compared with the other three courses, it seems to have a narrower scope. Website design mainly focuses on web-page layout and front-end development. In contrast, programming, smart gadget design, and robotics offer more diverse learning experiences and are more likely to stimulate students' creativity and hands-on abilities. Thank you for considering my suggestions. Best regards, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】要求向英语报的 “科技创新栏目” 编辑表达对下学期科技兴趣课程选择的看法，包括最推荐和最不推荐的课程及理由。 【详解】词汇积累 整合：combine→integrate 培养：cultivate→nurture 相关的：relevant→pertinent 刺激：stimulate→spur 句式拓展 同义句 原句：Robotics combines multiple fields of knowledge such as mechanics, electronics, and programming, which can broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive skills. 拓展句：Robotics, which is an interdisciplinary field, combines multiple fields of knowledge such as mechanics, electronics, and programming, and this combination can broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive skills. 【高分句型1】Firstly, robotics combines multiple fields of knowledge such as mechanics, electronics, and programming, which can broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive skills.（运用 which 引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Although it is relevant to the digital age, compared with the other three courses, it seems to have a narrower scope.（运用 although 引导让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $