Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 语法Grammar 动词不定式和ing形式做宾语 专练-2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式和ing形式做宾语的专项训练，通过分层题型构建从基础搭配到语境应用的知识逻辑链，提升语言运用能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|30题|考查动词后接不定式/ing形式的固定搭配（如consider, look forward to等）|围绕核心概念，按动词类型（使役、感官、情感等）分类呈现搭配规则| |完成句子|10题|结合语境运用不定式/ing形式补全句子（如“照顾孩子”“组建乐队”等）|从单一搭配到语境综合应用，体现知识迁移与语言表达能力培养|

Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 动词不定式和ing形式做宾语 一、单句语法填空 1．We consider it our duty (protect) the environment around us. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们认为保护我们周边的环境是我们的责任。consider it +名词+to do为固定结构，it为形式宾语，动词不定式短语to protect the environment around us在句中作真正的宾语。 2．We guarantee (treat) all our customers equally, and provide our customers with the same service standard. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to treat 【详解】句意：我们保证平等对待所有顾客，为顾客提供同等标准的服务。 分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配guarantee to do sth.，意为“保证做某事”，所以需用不定式to treat。 3．He happened (work) in the office at that time. 【答案】to be working 【详解】句意：那时他碰巧正在办公室工作。happen to do sth.意为“碰巧做某事”，不定式作宾语；句中时间状语at that time表示过去特定时间点正在进行的动作，因此需要用不定式的进行式to be doing。 4．We decided   (volunteer) in the community to help people in need last weekend. 【答案】to volunteer 【详解】句意：上周末我们决定去社区做志愿活动，帮助有需要的人。decide to do为固定搭配，使用不定式结构作宾语，意为“决定去做某事”。 5．I prefer (study) in a quiet library rather than in a noisy cafe. 【答案】to study 【详解】句意：比起嘈杂的咖啡馆，我更喜欢在安静的图书馆学习。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth为固定短语，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作宾语。 6．David threatened (report) his neighbour to the police if the damage was not paid. 【答案】to report 【详解】句意：David威胁说，如果损失得不到赔偿，他就要向警方举报他的邻居。根据“threatened”可知，此处考查固定搭配threaten to do sth.(威胁要做某事)，动词不定式作宾语。 7．Hesitating (ask) questions in class often prevents students from making progress. 【答案】to ask 【详解】句意：上课不敢提问往往会阻碍学生进步。此处为固定搭配hesitate to do sth. 意为“犹豫做某事”，此处用ask“提问”的动词不定式形式作宾语。 8．She seldom bothers (reply) to unimportant messages, as she values her time greatly. 【答案】replying/to reply 【详解】句意：她很少费心回复不重要的信息，因为她非常珍惜自己的时间。此处为固定搭配bother to do sth.或bother doing sth.，表示“费心做某事”，所以空处需要动名词或动词不定式作宾语。 9．The local company decided (sponsor) the poor student through college, covering all his tuition and living expenses. 【答案】to sponsor 【详解】句意：当地公司决定资助这个贫困学生读完大学，支付他所有的学费和生活费。decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，在句中to sponsor作宾语。 10．He hurried to the station, but still failed (catch) the last train home. 【答案】to catch 【详解】句意：他匆忙赶到车站，却还是没能赶上回家的末班火车。fail to do sth.意为“没能做成某事”，动词不定式作fail的宾语。 11．The rescuers attempted (reach) the trapped hiker before the heavy rain started. 【答案】to reach 【详解】句意：救援人员试图在大雨开始之前到达被困的登山者身边。attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”是固定搭配，所以空格处用不定式形式to reach作宾语。 12．We are all looking forward to the moment the country plans (launch) a new space probe into Mars. 【答案】to launch 【详解】句意：我们都期盼着国家计划向火星发射新探测器的那一刻。plan to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”，故用动词不定式to launch。 13．I happened (meet) my primary school teacher in the supermarket yesterday; we talked for a long time. 【答案】to meet 【详解】句意：昨天我碰巧在超市遇见了小学老师，我们聊了许久。happen to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示“碰巧做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾语。 14．I forgot (withdraw) my application for the biomimicry research program. 【答案】to withdraw 【详解】句意：我忘记要撤回我的仿生学研究项目申请了。 本句强调还未撤销仿生学研究项目申请，要用forget to do sth.结构，表示“忘记去做某事”，强调事情还未做，要填动词不定式 to withdraw。 15．I meant (call) you yesterday, but I was so busy with my homework that I completely forgot. 【答案】to call 【详解】句意：我昨天本打算给你打电话的，但是我忙着写作业，完全忘了。根据“but I was so busy with my homework that I completely forgot”可推知，“我”本打算打电话，meant是mean的过去式，要用mean to do sth.，表示“打算做某事”，要将call变成to call。 16．Despite (live) in mud huts without modern conveniences or running water, the villagers appeared content. 【答案】living 【详解】句意：尽管住在没有现代便利设施或自来水的土屋里，村民们似乎很满足。根据空前介词Despite可知，本空应用动名词作宾语。 17．My grandparents enjoy (practice) Tai chi in the yard every morning. 【答案】practicing 【详解】句意：我的祖父母喜欢每天早上在院子里练太极。enjoy doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，practice的动名词形式为practicing。 18．The man kept on (ask) the same question despite being given the answer. 【答案】asking 【详解】句意：尽管已经得到答案，这个男人还是不停地问同一个问题。固定搭配keep on doing sth.表示“持续做某事、反复做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，ask的动名词形式为asking。 19．One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked (go) and got more fish than others. 【答案】going 【详解】句意：有一天，我和我的两个兄弟正从一座小岛返回，我们常常冒险前往那座小岛，并且在那里捕到比别人更多的鱼。risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”是固定搭配，动名词作宾语，因此go变成动名词going。 20．I really appreciate (have) such a wonderful opportunity to study abroad. 【答案】having 【详解】句意：我非常感激能拥有这样一个绝佳的出国学习机会。谓语动词appreciate意为“感激”，后只能接动名词作宾语。 21．She kept on (chat) with her friend on the phone, even though her mom reminded her to do homework several times. 【答案】chatting 【详解】句意：即使妈妈多次提醒她去做作业，她还是继续和朋友通电话聊天。此处为固定短语keep on doing sth.“持续/一直做某事”，chat 变动名词为chatting。 22．Even though it was raining heavily, she kept on (run) until she reached the finish line. 【答案】running 【详解】句意：尽管雨下得很大，她还是继续跑，直到到达终点线。表示“继续做某事”，短语为keep on doing sth.，需用动名词形式，run的动名词为running。 23．Though he is only five years old, the little boy succeeded in (fold) his own clothes by himself. 【答案】folding 【详解】句意：尽管这个小男孩只有五岁，但他还是成功地自己叠好了衣服。根据空格前的介词in可知，空格处应该用动名词folding作宾语。 24．You should persuade him to quit (smoke) though he is so stubborn that he never listens to others. 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：尽管他很固执，从不听别人的话，你还是应该说服他戒烟。quit后接动名词作宾语，表示“停止做某事”，smoke的动名词形式是smoking。 25．Whether you want to go (ski) in the Rockies, see Old Quebec, or explore international cities like Toronto and Vancouver, Canada has something for everyone. 【答案】skiing 【详解】句意：无论你想去落基山脉滑雪、游览魁北克老城，还是探索多伦多、温哥华等国际化都市，加拿大总能满足每个人的需求。此处为固定搭配go skiing，表示“去滑雪”。 26． The new nature park near our school is worth (explore) this autumn. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：今年秋天，我们学校附近新的自然公园值得探索一番。be worth doing这是一固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”。exploring在句中作worth的宾语。故填exploring。 27．The community committee bans (burn) waste in the yard to keep the air clean. 【答案】burning 【详解】句意：社区委员会禁止在院子里焚烧垃圾，以保持空气清洁。句中已有谓语动词bans，空处应填非谓语动词，ban后接动名词，与空后的waste构成动名词短语burning waste, 意为“焚烧垃圾”，作bans的宾语。 28．My classmates assisted me in (prepare) for the speech contest, and I finally won the first prize. 【答案】preparing 【详解】句意：同学们帮我筹备演讲比赛，我最终斩获一等奖。介词后接动名词形式，动词prepare的动名词为preparing，意为“准备”。 29．The old door needs (repaint) because the paint is peeling off and it’s hard to open. 【答案】repainting/to be repainted 【详解】句意：这扇旧门需要重新粉刷，因为油漆在脱落，而且很难打开。结合主语The old door和行为动词needs可知，旧门需要被重新粉刷，要用need doing或need to be done结构，表示“某物需要被……”，要填repainting/to be repainted。 30．We all look forward to (observe) dragonflies to take inspiration for drone design. 【答案】observing 【详解】句意：我们都期待观察蜻蜓，为无人机设计汲取灵感。look forward to doing sth.是固定结构，表示“期待做某事”，要将observe变成observing。 二、完成句子 31．Her job is ____________________ and teach them English. 她工作是照顾孩子们并教他们英语。 【答案】to look after the children 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“照顾孩子们”为“look after the children”，本句为动词不定式作表语，用来解释说明主语Her job（她的工作）的具体内容。故填to look after the children 。 32．我们所能而且应该做的就是认真对待每一天。 All we can and should do is ________________. 【答案】(to) treat every single day seriously 【详解】考查动词短语和副词。空白处在句子中作表语，说明主语的具体内容，使用动词不定式，“认真对待”可译为“treat...seriously”，“认真”用副词“seriously”作状语修饰动词“treat”，因主语从句中有do，作表语的动词不定式可以省略to，故填(to) treat every single day seriously。 33．教师的职责是教给孩子们知识，这些知识对他们以后的学习和生活都有帮助。 A teacher’s responsibility is ________________ that will help them in their later school career and life. 【答案】to teach the kids knowledge 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“教给孩子们知识”应用teach the kids knowledge，说明主语的具体内容，常用不定式作表语。故填to teach the kids knowledge。 34．你应该做的是努力把每件事情做好。 What you should do is __________________________________. 【答案】to try to do everything well 【详解】考查不定式。“努力做某事”用固定短语“try to do sth.”，“每件事”译为“everything”，“好”为副词well，动词短语接在be动词后作表语，表示将要发生的事情，应用不定式，故填to try to do everything well。 35．To know everything is______________________ nothing. 百事皆通, 百事不懂。 【答案】to know 【详解】考查不定式。分析句子结构可知is后缺表语，用不定式做表语说明主语的性质、特征，且To know everything is to know nothing为英语谚语，表示“百事皆通, 百事不懂。”，故填to know。 36．她声称，退缩就等同于承认失败。 She claimed that ________________ equaled admitting failure. 【答案】backing down 【详解】“退缩”固定短语为back down，此处在从句中作主语，需变为动名词形式backing down。 37．Many teenagers dream of ________________________ and performing on the stage in front of thousands of people. 许多青少年梦想组建乐队，在数千人面前的舞台上表演。 【答案】forming a band 【详解】根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词短语form a band“组建一支乐队”，符合语境，结合空前介词of可知，form为动名词形式forming。 38．她喜欢被朋友们包围的感觉。 She enjoys ________ herself ________ friends. 【答案】 surrounding with 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“让……包围”用动词短语surround...with...，enjoy后接surround的动名词形式作宾语。故填surrounding；with。 39．她承认在考试中作弊了，并向老师道了歉。 She ________ ________ in the exam and apologized to the teacher. 【答案】 admitted cheating 【详解】本题考查动词时态及非谓语动词用法，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，“承认做某事”用固定结构admit doing sth.，其中admit需用过去式admitted，后接动名词作宾语，“作弊”对应的动名词为cheating，故答案为：①admitted；②cheating。 40．But in cities, limited space has led to people ______________. 但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。 【答案】looking for new solutions 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。根据句意，句中“寻找”用短语look for；lead to导致；致使，其中to是介词，其后若接动词，需用动词-ing 形式；“新的解决方案”翻译为new solution，泛指，用复数形式。故填looking for new solutions。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 动词不定式和ing形式做宾语 一、单句语法填空 1．We consider it our duty (protect) the environment around us. 2．We guarantee (treat) all our customers equally, and provide our customers with the same service standard. （所给词的适当形式填空） 3．He happened (work) in the office at that time. 4．We decided   (volunteer) in the community to help people in need last weekend. 5．I prefer (study) in a quiet library rather than in a noisy cafe. 6．David threatened (report) his neighbour to the police if the damage was not paid. 7．Hesitating (ask) questions in class often prevents students from making progress. 8．She seldom bothers (reply) to unimportant messages, as she values her time greatly. 9．The local company decided (sponsor) the poor student through college, covering all his tuition and living expenses. 10．He hurried to the station, but still failed (catch) the last train home. 11．The rescuers attempted (reach) the trapped hiker before the heavy rain started. 12．We are all looking forward to the moment the country plans (launch) a new space probe into Mars. 13．I happened (meet) my primary school teacher in the supermarket yesterday; we talked for a long time. 14．I forgot (withdraw) my application for the biomimicry research program. 15．I meant (call) you yesterday, but I was so busy with my homework that I completely forgot. 16．Despite (live) in mud huts without modern conveniences or running water, the villagers appeared content. 17．My grandparents enjoy (practice) Tai chi in the yard every morning. 18．The man kept on (ask) the same question despite being given the answer. 19．One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked (go) and got more fish than others. 20．I really appreciate (have) such a wonderful opportunity to study abroad. 21．She kept on (chat) with her friend on the phone, even though her mom reminded her to do homework several times. 22．Even though it was raining heavily, she kept on (run) until she reached the finish line. 23．Though he is only five years old, the little boy succeeded in (fold) his own clothes by himself. 24．You should persuade him to quit (smoke) though he is so stubborn that he never listens to others. 25．Whether you want to go (ski) in the Rockies, see Old Quebec, or explore international cities like Toronto and Vancouver, Canada has something for everyone. 26． The new nature park near our school is worth (explore) this autumn. 27．The community committee bans (burn) waste in the yard to keep the air clean. 28．My classmates assisted me in (prepare) for the speech contest, and I finally won the first prize. 29．The old door needs (repaint) because the paint is peeling off and it’s hard to open. 30．We all look forward to (observe) dragonflies to take inspiration for drone design. 二、完成句子 31．Her job is ____________________ and teach them English. 她工作是照顾孩子们并教他们英语。 32．我们所能而且应该做的就是认真对待每一天。 All we can and should do is ________________. 33．教师的职责是教给孩子们知识，这些知识对他们以后的学习和生活都有帮助。 A teacher’s responsibility is ________________ that will help them in their later school career and life. 34．你应该做的是努力把每件事情做好。 What you should do is __________________________________. 35．To know everything is______________________ nothing. 百事皆通, 百事不懂。 36．她声称，退缩就等同于承认失败。 She claimed that ________________ equaled admitting failure. 37．Many teenagers dream of ________________________ and performing on the stage in front of thousands of people. 许多青少年梦想组建乐队，在数千人面前的舞台上表演。 38．她喜欢被朋友们包围的感觉。 She enjoys ________ herself ________ friends. 39．她承认在考试中作弊了，并向老师道了歉。 She ________ ________ in the exam and apologized to the teacher. 40．But in cities, limited space has led to people ______________. 但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $