选择性必修第1册 UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

**基本信息** 该专项聚焦高中英语阅读理解与七选五，通过典型模拟题系统提炼细节理解、推理判断等题型解法，构建“题型-方法-语篇”逻辑链，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A/B/C|12题（河北石家庄/邯郸、湖北武汉模拟）|细节题定位原文、推理题段落分析、主旨题全文概括、标题题核心提炼|从具体信息到深层理解，从单句定位到语篇结构，形成阶梯式能力培养| |七选五|5题（河南许昌名校模拟）|上下文衔接分析、段落主旨匹配|以主题句为核心，通过逻辑关系词与语义连贯构建语篇框架|

(限时：30分钟) 说明：阅读理解题每题2.5分，七选五题每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·河北石家庄模拟)Gukesh Dommaraju, from Chennai, India, has been playing chess since he was about 7 years old and turned professional at 10.By 12, he became a chess grandmaster, the highest title a chess player can reach.Over the last few years, he has had numerous successes.In April 2024, he emerged victorious in the Candidates Tournament, qualifying him to challenge the world champion, Ding Liren. The world chess champion is decided by a series of 14 games between the champion and the challenger.Players earn 1 point for winning a game and a half point for every drawn(tied) game.To win, a player must earn 7.5 points. Even though Ding was the world champion, many people thought Gukesh might win, as Ding had been struggling, with no wins since January.Despite this, Ding quickly took the lead by winning the first game.However, Gukesh began to play better, winning Game 3 and continuing to perform well.The players tied every game after that until Gukesh won Game 11.Ding then took Game 12.After Game 13 ended in a draw, the match was tied at 7.5 points each, setting up the final game as the decider.In the last game, Gukesh and Ding played for almost five hours. On the 55th move, Ding made a serious mistake, which left him “totally in shock”．This allowed Gukesh to exchange some pieces and gain an advantage, leading to his victory.Ding congratulated the new champion, and Gukesh was so happy that he cried. Many people have congratulated Gukesh on his victory.Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that Gukesh's victory had “inspired millions of young minds to dream big”． Despite being the world champion, Gukesh remains focused on improving his game.“Becoming the world champion does not mean I am the best player，” he said.He hopes one day to be as strong a chess player as Magnus Carlsen, who was world champion for 10 years and is still ranked No.1 in the world. [语篇解读]　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了印度棋手Gukesh Dommaraju成为世界冠军的历程。 1．What earned Gukesh the chance to challenge Ding? A．The highest title he has reached. B．His passion for playing chess. C．Winning Candidates Tournament. D．The age at which he competed. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“In April 2024, he emerged victorious in the Candidates Tournament, qualifying him to challenge the world champion, Ding Liren.”可知，Gukesh赢得了候选人锦标赛，获得了挑战世界冠军丁立人的机会。故选C。 答案　C 2．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．The game was fiercely contested. B．Gukesh had an advantage over Ding. C．Gukesh and Ding got the same final point. D．Ding made no wins in the whole game. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这场比赛竞争十分激烈。故选A。 答案　A 3．Which of the following can best describe Gukesh? A．Generous and caring. B．Humble and inspiring. C．Confident and outgoing. D．Humorous and determined. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Becoming the world champion does not mean I am the best player”可知，即使成为世界冠军，他仍然很谦虚；根据第五段中“Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that Gukesh's victory had ‘inspired millions of young minds to dream big.’”可知，印度总理认为Gukesh的胜利“激励了数百万年轻人敢于梦想”。由此可推知，Gukesh的胜利是鼓舞人心的。故选B。 答案　B 4．What does the text mainly highlight about Gukesh? A．The impact of his victory on young minds. B．The importance of his early training in chess. C．The journey of his becoming a world champion. D．The strategies used by him to defeat Ding Liren. 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段“In April 2024, he emerged victorious in the Candidates Tournament, qualifying him to challenge the world champion, Ding Liren.”以及本文主要讲述了来自印度金奈的Gukesh Dommaraju从七岁开始学习国际象棋，十岁时成为职业棋手，十二岁时成为国际象棋特级大师，并在2024年4月赢得了候选人锦标赛，获得了挑战世界冠军丁立人的机会，最终经过激烈的竞争，战胜了丁立人，成为新的世界冠军的故事。由此可知，本文主要讲述了Gukesh成为世界冠军的历程。故选C。 答案　C B (2026·河北邯郸质量检测)On a peaceful summer morning, a field of popular trees sway (摇摆) in the wind, and insects buzz around.At first sight, the scene seems calm, but the trees are actually under attack.Insects are feeding on their leaves, and the trees are defending themselves. Though plants can't run or hide, they have developed ways to fight back.When an insect begins to bite a leaf, the tree mounts defenses.It also quickly messages its neighbors：“We're under attack! Get your defenses ready！” It even produces chemicals to repel (驱赶) the attackers and may attract other insects to help.These responses happen without us noticing，but scientists are discovering that plants can do things we once thought only animals could do.They communicate with each other, and form memories—all without a brain. Research has shown that plants can communicate in complex ways.In the 1980s, scientists discovered that injured trees could warn nearby trees of danger.When one tree was damaged, it made chemicals that sent a signal through the air to the others.This led to the idea of “talking” plants, opening up the field of plant communication. Plants can also learn and form memories.In one experiment, a plant called Mimosa pudica stopped reacting to harmless drops after repeated exposure.This suggests that plants can remember and adapt to their environment, even without a nervous system. These discoveries show plants are able to do far more than meets our eyes.But does this mean that plants are intelligent? Some scientists think so.Others are not so sure.The problem may trace (追溯) to how we define words like “thinking” and “intelligence”．Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh, a plant biologist at the University of Washington, likes the term neurobiology (神经生物学).Technically, a plant lacks nerves.Still, it has a sensory system.But some scientists think the idea is a hard sell.After all, plants don't have nervous systems.Even now, this idea raises questions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御方式，以及植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，由此引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。 5．How does a tree defend itself against an insect attack? A．By releasing chemicals. B．By turning to the sunshine. C．By forming memories. D．By using warm air currents. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It also quickly messages its neighbors：‘We're under attack! Get your defenses ready！’ It even produces chemicals to repel (驱赶) the attackers and may attract other insects to help.”可知，当树木受到昆虫攻击时，它甚至会产生化学物质来驱赶攻击者，所以树木通过释放化学物质来抵御昆虫的攻击。故选A。 答案　A 6．Why is the plant Mimosa pudica mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To erase some doubts. B．To support an opinion. C．To praise researchers. D．To make a comparison. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段首句“Plants can also learn and form memories.”可知，该段的主旨是植物也可以学习和形成记忆。接着提到了含羞草的例子，通过含羞草在反复接触无害水滴后停止反应这一实验结果，表明植物可以记住并适应环境，即使没有神经系统。所以提到含羞草是为了支持“植物可以学习和形成记忆”这一观点。故选B。 答案　B 7．What can we infer about these discoveries? A．They lack conclusive proof. B．They fuel a big debate in biology. C．They share little common ground. D．They inspire ideas about human health. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，对于植物是否有智慧这一问题，一些科学家认为是，而另一些科学家不确定，并且对于如何定义“思考”和“智慧”存在争议，关于植物是否有神经生物学方面的能力也存在不同看法。由此可推知，这些发现引发了生物学领域的一场大辩论。故选B。 答案　B 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Is Wildlife Sensitive? B．How Do Nervous Systems Work? C．Are Plants Intelligent? D．How Do Trees Survive Hot Weather? 解析　标题归纳题。纵览全文，文章开篇描述了树木在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御以及与邻居的交流，接着介绍了植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，然后在最后一段引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。所以文章主要围绕植物是否有智慧展开。故选C。 答案　C C (2025·湖北武汉模拟)In a paper published on March 13 in Science, researchers at Stanford University used machine learning to analyze data of ice movements in Antarctica for the first time.Their work reveals some of the fundamental physics governing the movements of the Antarctic ice sheet and could help improve predictions about how the continent will change in the future. The Antarctic ice sheet, Earth's largest ice mass and nearly twice the size of Australia, keeps sea levels stable by storing freshwater as ice.To understand the movement of the Antarctic ice sheet, which is shrinking more rapidly every year, existing models have typically relied on assumptions about ice's mechanical behavior from lab experiments. “But Antarctica's ice is much more complicated than what can be reproduced in the lab，” said Ching­Yao Lai, a professor of geophysics in the university and senior author on the paper.“Ice formed from seawater has different properties, and ice sheets may contain large cracks, air pockets, or other inconsistencies that affect movement.” Lai and her colleagues built a machine learning model to analyze the movements with satellite imagery and airplane radar.They found that the parts of the ice shelves closest to the continent are being compressed (压缩) and that the models in these areas are fairly consistent with lab experiments.However, most models have assumed that Antarctic ice has the same physical properties in all directions. In fact, as ice gets farther from the continent, it starts to be pulled out to sea.The force causes the ice to have different physical properties in different directions—a concept called anisotropy (各向异性).“Our study uncovers that most of the ice shelf is anisotropic，” said first study author Yongji Wang, a researcher in Lai's lab.“Ice in the 5% compression zone almost has the same property while for the rest—the extension zone, it is not the case．Now based on this new method, we know that models predicting the future evolution of Antarctica should be anisotropic.” Next, researchers intend to continue to perfect their analysis with additional data from the Antarctic continent and may use these findings to understand the stresses that may cause cracks.They hope their methods will assist with more scientific discoveries and lead to new cooperation with the Earth science community. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了斯坦福大学研究用机器学习分析南极冰运动及后续计划。 9．What is the purpose of machine learning in the research? A．Predicting the future changes of Antarctica ice. B．Analyzing the thickness of the Antarctic ice sheet. C．Knowing the movement of the Antarctic ice sheet. D．Studying the physical properties of ice from seawater. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段以及第二段中“To understand the movement of the Antarctic ice sheet, which is shrinking more rapidly every year, existing models have typically relied on assumptions about ice's mechanical behavior from lab experiments.”可知，机器学习在这项研究中的目的是了解南极冰盖的运动。故选C。 答案　C 10．Why are existing models of ice movement not accurate enough? A．They rely too much on the data from satellites. B．They stress the impact of air pockets and cracks. C．They ignore the different properties in Antarctic ice. D．They fail to measure the size of the Antarctic ice sheet. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段以及第四段中“However, most models have assumed that Antarctic ice has the same physical properties in all directions.”可知，现有的冰运动模型不够准确是因为它们忽略了南极冰的不同特性。故选C。 答案　C 11．What is indicated in the underlined sentence? A．Ice behaves variably in all directions. B．Most ice shelves are in the extension zone. C．Ice in compression zone matches lab results. D．Ice shelves are pulled out of the continent to sea. 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，现在的研究发现冰架是各向异性的，也就是冰在各个方向上的表现是不同的，5%压缩区的冰几乎具有相同的特性，而其余的——延伸区，冰在各个方向上的表现是可变的。故选A。 答案　A 12．What can be inferred about the researchers' future plans? A．They will build more satellite models. B．They will abandon their current methods. C．They will apply the methods to the Earth science. D．They will seek more data to improve their analysis. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，研究人员未来的计划是他们将寻求更多的数据来改进他们的分析。故选D。 答案　D Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·河南许昌名校模拟)School is probably the best place to expand your academic knowledge, but when it comes to learning about life, there is nothing more enriching than travelling.Travelling provides more valuable life lessons than school, because instead of being told something, you experience it. 13 Travelling forces you out of your comfort zone. School is a place where you usually feel safe. 14 It pushes you out of your comfort zone.And it is a good thing, because it will help you grow as a person. 15 Travelling gives you a new view on how you live.You might be able to read about different ways of life in a textbook, but experiencing it for yourself offers a whole dimension of learning and understanding that can only really be achieved through travelling. Travelling helps you build confidence. When you travel to a new place, you learn how to become independent and how to fit into this new life. 16 With travel come challenges, and the more challenges you take on and overcome, the greater your confidence will grow. You will learn how to be comfortable with uncertainty and the unexpected. Travel teaches you that the unexpected is rarely as bad as you think.Learning to go with the flow and be flexible in life is probably one of the best lessons you can learn because life doesn't go as planned. 17 A.Travelling disconnects you from your daily routine. B．Travelling allows you to see and experience new ways of life. C．Here are four reasons why travelling is such a valuable learning experience. D．You really surprise yourself and accomplish things you never thought you could do. E．However, travelling means new foods, cultures, languages, people, and places to explore. F．Eventually, you become used to the uncertainty and the unexpected challenges that come your way. G．Once you actually go and visit, you may even challenge your own opinion about less known places and cultures. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅游的好处。 13．C　根据空处上文可知，第一段从平时的学校生活切入、引出旅游是很有价值的学习经历。本段最后一句应是进一步引出下文内容：介绍旅游的好处。故选C。 14．E　根据上文“School is a place where you usually feel safe.”可知，本句与上一句存在对比关系。上句说到学校是一个你会感觉安全的地方，本句说旅游意味着接触新的事物。同时本句与下句存在指代关系，“it”指的是本句中的“traveling”。故选E。 15．B　根据空处下文内容可知，本段讲述的是旅游让你感受到书本上无法体验到的全新生活。故选B。 16．D　根据上文“When you travel to a new place, you learn how to become independent and how to fit into this new life.”可知，本句承接上文，说明去新地方旅行所带来的感受。故选D。 17．F　根据上文“Travel teaches you that the unexpected is rarely as bad as you think.Learning to go with the flow and be flexible in life is probably one of the best lessons you can learn because life doesn't go as planned.”可知，本句为本段最后一句，说明因为生活并不像计划的那样，所以要学会习惯不确定和挑战。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $