词法篇 第1讲 第2节 非谓语动词（PPT课件）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦非谓语动词核心考点，依据高考评价体系梳理了时态语态、作状语、定语、宾补、宾语、主表语六大考查维度，通过近五年高考真题（如2025浙江卷、2023全国乙卷）分析，明确了“作状语”“作定语”等高频考点分布，归纳了“主被动关系判断”“时间先后分析”等常考题型，构建了系统的备考框架。 课件亮点在于“高考真题体验+系统归纳+对点演练”的实战策略，通过“非谓语三步骤法”指导学生分析句子结构、判断主被动关系及时间先后，培养思维品质和语言能力，如2024新课标Ⅰ卷“to give”作目的状语题，运用“目的状语用不定式”技巧快速解题。助力学生掌握答题规律，教师可依托真题实例和易错点分析精准教学，提升复习效率。

语法突破篇 词法篇 第一讲　动 词 第二节　非谓语动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 providing valued being checked 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 Adopting Combined causing To make 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 symbolizing used to answer 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 lost transported serving 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 preserving to become studying 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 using 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 谢谢观看 返回目录 高考总复习·英语 1 语法突破篇 词法篇 考点一　非谓语动词的时态和语态 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women ________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one­time event dressing. 解析　“for women ______ (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，故填to rent。 答案　to rent 2．(2023·全国乙卷)________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co­existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 解析　此处为非谓语动词作状语，I与visit之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；根据时间状语over the last 10 years可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故空处用现在分词的完成式，置于句首，首字母应大写，故填Having visited。 答案　Having visited 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(动词­ing形式和­ed形式)。非谓语动词不能独立作谓语，但可以承担句子的其他成分。 非谓语动词的时态和语态一览表 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词­ing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 1.主、被动形式 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓、动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时， 用被动形式。 ①Poems focusing on nature often stress the moment of inspiration.(译林选必一U4) 以自然为主题的诗歌往往强调灵感的瞬间。 ②Asked what had happened，he lowered his head. 问他发生了什么事的时候，他低下了头。 ③The bridge to be built will be the longest one in this area. 即将修建的这座桥将是该地区最长的一座桥。 2．时间先后关系 根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系确定时态： (1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式； Hearing the inspiring news, they all jumped with joy. 听到这个振奋人心的消息，他们全都高兴得跳了起来。 (2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前， 用非谓语动词的完成式。 Having been bitten by mosquitoes, she applied some medicine to her skin. 被蚊子叮咬后，她在皮肤上涂了一些药。 1．(2025·河北邯郸仿真预测卷)The tours highlight the stories behind each work of art, _________ (provide) insights into the artists' intentions and the historical context of the pieces. 2．(2025·山东烟台三模)At the heart of this transcontinental exchange was silk, a luxurious fabric highly ______ (value) by the Romans and other Western civilizations. 3．(2025·重庆七校联盟三诊)Interestingly, the only robot with a humanoid face, called“Huanhuan”，fell during preparations but continued the race after ___________ (check). 考点二　非谓语动词作状语 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)”made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days ________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 解析　此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 答案　to give 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said... 解析　分析句子结构可知，该句主语为Edmondson，谓语动词为said，故空处应填非谓语动词；主语与动词recall之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 答案　Recalling 3．(2024·北京卷)Just then, some kids ran at him, ________ (knock) his books out of his arms. 解析　分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词ran，此处应用非谓语动词；主语some kids和动词knock之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词，故填knocking。 答案　knocking 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 解析　此处为“be amazed to do”结构，表示“对做……感到惊讶”。不定式作原因状语，故填to find。 答案　to find 5．(2022·全国乙卷)________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ________ (invite) twenty­nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty­six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 解析　第一空处表示“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，应用不定式作目的状语，故填To strengthen；第二空处为非谓语动词，the event与invite为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填inviting。 答案　To strengthen　inviting 1．不定式作状语 (1)作目的状语，可用so as to/in order to替换，但 so as to一般不可置于句首。 To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens start to use smartphones. 为了享受数字支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能手机。 (2)作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：only to do (表示意想不到的结果); enough to do ...(足够做……); too ...to do ...(太……而不能做……); so/such ...as to ...(如此……以至于……)等。 ①I overslept and rushed to the airport, only to find that the check­in counter had closed.(人教选必四U3) 我睡过头了，赶到机场，却发现值机柜台已经关闭了。 ②You're old enough to travel on the train by yourself. 你已经足够大了，可以独自乘坐火车旅行了。 ③He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked. 他真是太愚蠢了，竟然没锁好自己的车。 (3)作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋不定式”结构中。这类形容词常见的有：comfortable, good, surprised, astonished, delighted, disappointed等。 He was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order. 他惊讶地发现自己的房间已经被彻底打扫干净，而且一切都摆放得井井有条。 2．动词­ing形式作状语 动词­ing形式作状语， 常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 ①More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。 ②Lying still in the grass, he heard the sound of the wild. 他静静地躺在草丛里，天籁之音不绝于耳。 ③(2024·全国甲卷)Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban transport，offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. 首先，共享单车已经成为城市交通的象征，为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠、绿色环保的选择。 3．过去分词作状语 (1)动词­ed形式作状语， 其与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 ①Educated at Cambridge, Wordsworth received his degree in 1791.(译林选必一U4) 华兹华斯在剑桥接受教育，于1791年获得学位。 ②Defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged. 被同桌打败了，他感到气馁。 ③Given another hour，I can also work out this problem. 再给我一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。 (2)某些动词­ed形式已经形容词化， 且往往用于一些系表结构中， 此时这些动词­ed形式既不表示被动， 也不表示完成， 而表示一种状态， 如lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(隐藏的), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着……的), tired of(对……感到厌倦的)等。 ①Absorbed in his book，he didn't notice me enter the room. 专心于读书，他没注意到我进入房间。 ②Dressed in red，she looks more beautiful. 穿着红色的衣服，她看上去更漂亮了。 [点津]　(1)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 (2)在句中作目的状语时，只能用动词不定式。 (3)作结果状语时，表示意料之外的结果用动词不定式，表示自然而然的结果用现在分词。 4．独立主格结构 当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同时，应采用独立主格结构，即在非谓语动词前带上其自身的主语，构成“名词/代词(主格)＋非谓语动词”的形式。 ①Weather permitting, we shall play the match tomorrow. 如果天气允许，我们明天就进行比赛。 ②The work finished in time, they went home happily. 工作及时地完成了，他们高高兴兴地回家了。 1．(2026·广东广州测试)________ (adopt) cameras and micro­devices, this smart technology tracks each chicken's movements. 2．(2025·福建福州检测)________ (combine) with stressful urban life and work, I gradually piled on the pounds. 3．However, in 2004 and 2005, the two “fixed gold soup” algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun, _______ (cause) a strong “earthquake” in the international cryptography community. 4．“_______ (make) our network safer, we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，” said Wang in terms of future research dreams. 考点三　非谓语动词作定语 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 解析　空处修饰空后的名词techniques，在句中作定语，说明名词的作用，故填动名词engineering。此处表示“最新的设计制造技术”。 答案　engineering 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 解析　分析句子结构可知，空处作前置定语，修饰空后的Chinese zookeepers, visit与Chinese zookeepers之间为逻辑上的主动关系，此处意为“来访的中国动物园管理员”，故填visiting。 答案　visiting 3．(2023·全国乙卷)．..it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ________ (build) system of ring roads. 解析　build与其所修饰的名词system of ring roads之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。 答案　built 4．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually­challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 解析　分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词。空处作名词step的后置定语，且step前有序数词first修饰，意为“做某事的第一步”，应用不定式作定语，故填to journey。 答案　to journey 1．现在分词作定语，表主动、正在进行；若表示被动且正在发生的动作用being done结构 ①Families celebrating the Chinese New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.(人教必修三U1) 庆祝中国新年的家庭可以一起欣赏精彩的舞龙表演和狂欢活动。 ②The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 公园里人山人海，在阳光下他们玩得很开心。 ③We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。(被动、正在进行) 2．过去分词作定语，表示被动、完成 ①Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape was made to look amazing.(人教必修二U4) 尼斯湖四周环绕着美丽的自然景观，令人叹为观止。 ②Rosemary shares her packed lunch with two friends every day.(人教必修二U4) 罗斯玛丽每天与两个朋友分享她的盒饭。 [点津]　作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有doing和done两种。doing 表示正在进行；done 表示已经完成。 3．不定式作定语，表示动作尚未发生 ①You are supposed to take this opportunity to realize your dream. 你应该抓住这个机会去实现你的梦想。 ②The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。 4．动名词作定语 动名词作定语常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 5．由序数词，the only，the last，the next或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作后置定语 In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person to get married in space.(人教必修三U4) 2003年，尤里·马连琴科成为第一个在太空结婚的人。 6．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语 常见的这类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.(人教选必一U5) 袁隆平给人留下的最深刻的印象是他不断实现梦想的能力。 1．(2025·吉林猜题信息卷)Making and eating tangyuan is a beloved tradition ___________ (symbolize) family unity and happiness. 2．(2026·四川成都检测)Through metallurgical analysis (冶金分析), a multidisciplinary team (多学科团队) of experts discovered that much of the bronze ____ (use) in the lion came from southeastern China. 3．(2026·湖南长沙检测)R1's impact is greater for a few reasons.Firstly, it's a “chain­of­thought” model, improving response quality and boosting its ability _________ (answer) valued queries. 考点四　非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1．(2025·北京卷)I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ________ (scare). 解析　have sb done表示 “使某人被……”，someone与scare之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 答案　scared 2．(2023 ·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left ________ (want) more next time. 解析　分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词，want与I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作主语补足语。“leave sb doing...”意为“使某人处于……状态”。 答案　wanting 1．接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词及动词短语 (1)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋to do”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有： advise建议　　allow 允许　　ask 询问；要求 beg恳求 cause 导致 encourage 鼓励 permit准许 forbid 禁止 force 强迫 intend打算 invite 邀请 order 命令；要求 persuade说服 prefer 更喜欢 remind 提醒 teach教 require 要求 tell 告诉 want想要 warn 警告 wish 希望 wait for等待 call on 号召；要求 depend on 依靠 urge 催促；力劝 ①She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them. 她耐心地向学生们解释了所有的规则并要求每个人都遵守这些规则。 ②The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat. 医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。 ③He depends on you to help him with his English. 他指望你帮助他学英语。 2．常用动词不定式作主语补足语的句型 sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth ①He is said to have been cheated in the street. 据说，他在大街上被骗了。 ②The accident is reported to have killed two people. 据报道，那次事故中有两人丧生。 3．接非谓语动词作宾补的感官动词(短语)、使役动词 (1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see为例： eq \a\vs4\al(see＋,宾语＋) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(doing sth 看见……正做某事,,do sth 看见……做了某事))⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补,为逻辑上的,主动关系)),\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(being done 看见……，正在被做,,done 看见……被做))⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾,补为逻辑,上的被动,关系)))) ①I saw some boys all dressed in uniforms leave the lab following a teacher a few minutes ago. 几分钟前，我看见一些穿校服的男生跟着一个老师离开了实验室。 ②As I got closer，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. 当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。 ③Back from his two­year medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home. 从两年的非洲医疗服务回来后，李医生看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾，十分高兴。 ④A clerk with three strangers was observed to enter the bank hurriedly，a heavy box carried in her arms. 有人看见一个职员抱着一个沉重的箱子和三个陌生人一起匆忙走进银行。 [点津]　“感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。 (2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况： eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.make＋,　宾语＋) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(do让……做……⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的主动关系)),done 让……被做⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的被动关系)))) ①The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school. 老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。 ②The hall was so noisy that the teacher tried to speak louder to make himself heard. 大厅里如此吵闹以至于老师尽力大声说话以便别人能听到。 eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.let＋,宾语＋) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(do让……做……⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的主动关系)),be done让……被做⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的被动关系)))) ①Don't let your child play with matches in case a big fire breaks out. 别让你的孩子玩火柴，以防发生火灾。 ②Let the homework be done immediately；otherwise it's time for you to hand it in. 请立刻完成作业，不然就该交了。 eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.have,＋宾语＋) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(do sth 让……做某事,,,doing sth 使……持续做某事))⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾,补为逻辑,上的主动,关系　　)),done 使……被做⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的被动关系)))) ①He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry. 他让灯亮了整晚，这使他父母很生气。 ②My car broke down on my way to work and I will have it repaired tomorrow. 我的车在上班的路上坏了，明天要找人修一下。 [点津]　(1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。 He was made to work day and night，so he was very tired of the job. 他被迫日夜工作，所以他非常厌倦这项工作。 (2)have sb doing sth用于否定句中，常与can't，won't等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 I won't have you speaking to your dad like that，which is so rude. 我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话，太不礼貌了。 eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅳ.get＋,宾语＋) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(to do sth 使……做,doing sth 使……开始做))⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补,为逻辑上的,主动关系)),done 使……被做⇒\x(\a\al(宾语与宾补为逻,辑上的被动关系)))) ①It's not hard to get him talking — the problem is stopping him. 让他开始说话不难，难的是让他住口。 ②My bike broke down on the way back and I am going to get it repaired tomorrow. 我的自行车在回来的路上坏了，我打算明天去修。 4．动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况 (2)keep eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(sb/sth doing sth 让某人/物一直做某事,sb/sth done 使某人/物被……⇒\x(\a\al(表示被,动且完,成，或,表示状,态)))) (3)find eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(sb doing 发现某人正在做……,sb/sth done 发现某人/物……,sb/sth to be...发现某人/物……))⇒ eq \x(\a\al(表示,完成,或状,态)) (4)catch sb doing sth 撞见某人正在做某事 ①We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.(人教必修二U4) 我们对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和嘈杂声音感到非常惊讶。 ②They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly. 他们使用电脑以使交通畅通无阻。 ③The hall was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order. 人们发现礼堂彻底地被打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。 ④I caught him smoking in the bathroom. 我撞见他在浴室里抽烟。 5．“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构 (1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行。 He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky. 他躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。 (2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态。 With his mind concentrated on his work, he didn't notice my appearance. 他专心于工作，没有注意到我的出现。 (3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生。 With a lot of homework to do，I can't go skating with you. 因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰。 1．(2026·山东青岛模拟)The making of the picture, a package process from drafting, woodcut, painting, to hand painting touch­ups, keeps millions of its lovers ____ (lose) in its striking beauty. 2．But on one recent cold winter night, during a walk through a well­traveled hutong there, I found myself suddenly ___________ (transport) back to my childhood years. 3．(2026·山东临沂一模)Surrounding the Forbidden City is a 10­meter­high wall, with a moat (护城河) 52 meters wide _______ (serve) as an additional layer of defense. 考点五　非谓语动词作宾语 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean ________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. 解析　根据句意，空前的mean表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean doing sth，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 答案　returning 2．(2025·全国一卷)We hope ________ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 解析　本句谓语为hope，空处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth“希望做某事”，所以空处需用动词present的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 答案　to present 3．(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 解析　tend to do sth为固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事”，故空处应填不定式形式作tend的宾语。 答案　to catch 4．(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ________ (record) everything I discovered. 解析　根据spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”的用法可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填recording。 答案　recording 1．只能用不定式作宾语的动词 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.(北师大选必一U2) 詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。 2．只能用动名词作宾语的动词(短语) 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准许逃脱 forbid, imagine, risk; can't help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape My mother couldn't help smiling when she heard the good news. 听到那个好消息，我妈妈情不自禁地笑起来。 [点津]　want/need/deserve/require/be worth等后面经常用动词­ing的主动形式表示被动意义。此时，有的也可替换为不定式的被动形式。如：The tree needs watering/to be watered. 3．接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词 eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(forget to do sth 忘记去做某事,forget doing sth 忘记做过某事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(regret to do sth 对即将做的事表示遗憾,regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(remember to do sth 记得去做某事,remember doing sth 记得做过某事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(stop to do sth 停下来做某事,stop doing sth 停止做某事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(try to do sth 尽力去做某事,try doing sth 尝试做某事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(go on to do sth 继续做另一件事,go on doing sth 继续做原来做的事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(mean to do sth 打算做某事,mean doing sth 意味着做某事)) eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(can't help to do sth 不能帮助做某事,can't help doing sth 情不自禁地做某事)) I remembered locking the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 我离开办公室之前记得锁门了，但却忘记关灯了。 1．(2025·河南郑州模拟冲刺)In addition to __________ (preserve) this treasured heritage, the city in Gansu Province is now seeking _________ (become) more contemporary and meet different needs by setting up multifunctional cultural places and offering experiences with a modern touch. 2．(2025·湖北武汉四月统考)Since then, Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances, attending performances given by other well­known singers, practicing singing “Hua'er” whenever possible, to ________ (study) its origin and history. 3．(2026·湖南长沙模拟)You just told us that your shields are the strongest in the world and then you claim your spears are the sharpest.How about _____ (use) your spears on your shields？ 考点六　非谓语动词作主语、表语 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays ________ (close) to protect the plants. 解析　stays“保持”是系动词，空处作表语，应用过去分词形式，故填closed，意为“关闭的”。 答案　closed 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，改编)The GPNP's main goal is ________ (improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 解析　分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作表语。名词goal作主语时，通常用动词不定式作表语。 答案　to improve 3．(2022·浙江1月卷，改编)________ (travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 解析　分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，应用动词­ing形式作主语。单词置于句首，首字母应大写。 答案　Travelling 1．不定式作主语和表语 (1)不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的某一次动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而将不定式(短语)后置。 It's our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 (2)不定式作表语时，多表示一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。 ①His wish is to be a doctor in the future. 他的愿望是将来当一名医生。 ②What I want to do most in senior high school is (to) improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 [点津]　不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do的某种形式，作表语的不定式常省略to。 2．动名词作主语和表语 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作，也可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，常见的有It's no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/useless/...＋doing ...。 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ，Ⅱ卷)Taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective. 在公园上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会我从不同的角度看世界。 ②It's no use just complaining without taking action. 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。 (2)动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。 My job is cleaning the house three times a week. ＝Cleaning the house three times a week is my job. 我的工作是每星期打扫三次房子。 3．分词作表语 (1)以­ed结尾的，如ashamed, delighted, excited等，通常用于修饰人或与人有关的事物，说明主语的状态，表示“感到……”“(人)……的”。 (2)以­ing结尾的，如exciting, frightening等，主要用于修饰事物，表示主语的性质或特征，意为“令人……的”。 ①He felt embarrassed when he heard the news. 当听到这个消息时，他感觉很尴尬。 ②He was disappointed at the disappointing news. 听到这个令人失望的消息，他很失望。 1．(2026·湖南长沙检测卷)Despite having a background in traditional painting, Han found that ________ (apply) the theory of creating patterns on tea foam as described in ancient documents proved quite different in practice, yet he can now deliver a piece of tea­whisking art in one take. 解析　分析句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处用动名词短语applying the theory of creating patterns on tea foam as described in ancient documents作主语，表示“按照古代文献中描述的在茶泡沫上创造图案的理论”。故填applying。 答案　applying 2．I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ________ (challenge). 解析　根据语境可知，此处表示“不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战”。feel为系动词，应用过去分词challenged作表语，表示“被挑战的”。 答案　challenged 3．(2026·河北邯郸联考)For him, it's been ______ (reward) to see the ambitious project bear fruit. 解析　分析句子可知，空处位于系动词been之后，与it's一起构成系表结构，故用形容词rewarding作表语，表示“值得的”。 答案　rewarding 【解题思维建模】 $