Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage 过去完成时专练-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦过去完成时"过去的过去"核心，通过分层题型构建"标志词识别-特殊句型应用-语境综合表达"的训练逻辑，提升语法应用的语言能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|28题（含by the time/before引导时间状语、insist虚拟语气等）|给定语境填动词过去完成时形式，覆盖基础标志词与特殊句型|从时间标志词（by+过去时间、before）到特殊句式（It was the first time that...、insist宾语从句），构建"概念理解-规则应用"递进| |完成句子|12题（含Hardly...when...、By the time...等固定句型）|汉译英补全，需结合语境判断时态，涉及复合句及时态呼应|从简单句应用到复合句（宾语从句、状语从句）时态协调，体现"基础用法-语境综合"的迁移逻辑|

Unit 1 The Mass Media 过去完成时 一、单句语法填空 1．Before the concert even started, fans (crowd) around the stadium entrance. 2．Waving a pole that she (place) inside her home before, the stranger was like putting on a pole dancing show. 3．It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people (gather) under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes’ time. 4．By the time we arrived at the railway station, the train (leave) before we could check in our luggage. 5．By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 6．By the end of last year, the translator (complete) the translated edition of the novel successfully. 7．By the end of the last century, plastic waste in the ocean (amount) up to a level which made scientists concerned globally. 8．She (learn) English for three years before she went to college. 9．The young man insisted that he （hand）in the paper on time. 10．By the time we reached the mountain top, the sun (set) behind the clouds. 11．The old man insisted that he (lock) the door before leaving, so the open door was a mystery. 12．The fossils found on the island proved that the species had lived in isolation and (eat) the plants there. 13．She (begin) cooking in the kitchen by the time he arrived home. 14．Even though I (admire) them hundreds of times on my computer screen, nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 15．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. 16．The police said that they had (react) as fast as they could. 17．He had (swallow) so much salt water that he was swollen like a balloon. 18．The Boeing 747 made its first flight in 1969, connecting international cities that (have) no direct routes and helping mass travel become commonplace. 19．The train (depart) when we got to the station. 20．By the time my husband reached home yesterday, I (cook) the dinner already. 21．She (ask) him a question about history and was now staring at him with big brown eyes, waiting for an answer. 22．I finally picked up the classic novel I (want) to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language. 23．By the time we arrived, everyone (receive) medical care. 24．Since the city (undergo) too much pollution, citizens undertook to reduce carbon emissions. 25．The construction workers (plug) the hole with plastic bags before it rained heavily. 26．He (overcome) the difficulties with his English by the time he went abroad. 27．Sam (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. 28．It was the first time that the baby (come) down with the flu, causing severe symptoms. 29．He (picture) the senior life many times in his mind before he came to the high school. 30．By the end of last year, Henry   (collect) more than a thousand postcards. 二、完成句子 31．Their father told their mother about what trouble when making the porridge and toast. 他们的父亲告诉他们的母亲，双胞胎在做粥和吐司时遇到了什么麻烦。 32．他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he aerospace science and research and the cause of China’s aerospace. 33．玛丽坚持说她没有做错任何事，她受到的惩罚是不公平的。 Mary and it was unfair that she got punished. 34． I entered the teachers’ office to thank my social studies teacher. 颁奖典礼刚结束，我就走进教师办公室感谢我的社会研究老师。 35．我们刚到达目的地就下雨了。(when) We it began to rain. 36．我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 37．汤姆的妈妈问汤姆是否已经完成了家庭作业。 Tom’s mother asked Tom . 38．他一听到有人呼救，就毫不犹豫地跳进了河里。 Hardly when he jumped into the river without hesitation. 39．我有点闷闷不乐，因为我无忧无虑的快乐童年要结束了。 I was heartsick, for I felt that the splendid years of my carefree childhood had . 40．等到Jack从英格兰回来的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 By the time Jack returned home from England, his son college. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Mass Media 过去完成时 一、单句语法填空 1．Before the concert even started, fans (crowd) around the stadium entrance. 【答案】had crowded 【详解】考查时态。句意：音乐会还没开始，歌迷们就已经挤满了体育场的入口。根据句意可知，crowd“聚集，使拥挤”这一动作发生在started之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时had done。故填had crowded。 2．Waving a pole that she (place) inside her home before, the stranger was like putting on a pole dancing show. 【答案】had placed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：陌生人挥舞着她之前放在家里的杆子，就像在表演钢管舞。设空处为定语从句“that she... inside her home before”中的谓语动词，根据语境和时间状语before可知，place的动作发生在主句谓语动词was之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时“had +过去分词”，place的过去分词为placed。故填had placed。 3．It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people (gather) under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes’ time. 【答案】had gathered 【详解】考查时态。句意：那是一年的最后一天，一大群人已经聚集在市政厅的大钟下。再过20分钟，大钟就要敲响12点了。根据was可知，句子描述过去的情况，且结合语意，gather这一动作已经完成，应使用过去完成时。故填had gathered。 4．By the time we arrived at the railway station, the train (leave) before we could check in our luggage. 【答案】had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们到达火车站时，火车在我们办理行李托运前就已经开走了。根据时间状语“By the time we arrived at the railway station”可知，leave“离开”这一动作发生在arrived之前，属于“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had left。故填had left。 5．By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 【答案】had grown 【详解】考查时态。句意：到了宋代，在中国传统戏曲兴起之前，它已经发展成为一种高度发达的艺术形式，能够讲述三国故事。By the Song Dynasty表示“到宋朝为止”，强调grow into“成长为”这一动作到到宋代已经完成，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had grown。故填had grown。 6．By the end of last year, the translator (complete) the translated edition of the novel successfully. 【答案】had completed 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底，这位翻译家成功地完成了这部小说的译本。complete“完成”。根据时间状语“By the end of last year”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点前已完成的动作，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had completed。故填had completed。 7．By the end of the last century, plastic waste in the ocean (amount) up to a level which made scientists concerned globally. 【答案】had amounted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到上世纪末，海洋中的塑料垃圾已达到令全球科学家担忧的水平。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“by the end of the last century”可知，此处使用过去完成时，谓语动词需用“had +过去分词”形式，amount的过去分词为amounted。故填had amounted。 8．She (learn) English for three years before she went to college. 【答案】had learned 【详解】考查时态。句意：她上大学前已经学了三年英语了。由for three years before she went to college可知，学英语发生在上大学之前，用过去完成时。故填had learned。 9．The young man insisted that he （hand）in the paper on time. 【答案】had handed 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个年轻人坚持说他已经按时交了论文。根据句意可知，本句中的insist表示“坚持说(某个事实或观点)”，其后的宾语从句应使用陈述语气，并根据实际时间关系选择时态。本题中，“hand in the paper(交论文)”先于“insist(坚持说)”，且insisted用的是过去式，说明hand in的动作发生在过去的过去，因此应用过去完成时(had done)。故填had handed。 10．By the time we reached the mountain top, the sun (set) behind the clouds. 【答案】had set 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们到达山顶时，太阳已经落在云层后面了。空处作主句的谓语，根据“By the time we reached the mountain top”可知，太阳“落在”云层后面发生在“到达山顶”之前，即过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had set。 11．The old man insisted that he (lock) the door before leaving, so the open door was a mystery. 【答案】had locked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：老人坚持说他离开前已经锁了门，所以开着的门成了一个谜。本句为包含宾语从句的复合句，设空处为 insisted 后宾语从句的谓语动词，insist 在此处表示 “坚持说、坚持认为”，且根据“the door before leaving(离开之前已经把门……)”可知，lock表示的动作发生在insisted表示的动作之前，所以此处用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故填had locked。 12．The fossils found on the island proved that the species had lived in isolation and (eat) the plants there. 【答案】eaten 【详解】考查动词的时态，句意：在岛上发现的化石证明该物种曾与世隔绝地生活在那里，并以岛上的植物为食。根据上文的had lived可知，本句的时态是过去完成时，所以空格处用动词的过去分词形式eaten与上文的lived并列构成过去完成时。故填eaten。 13．She (begin) cooking in the kitchen by the time he arrived home. 【答案】had begun 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他到家时，她已经开始在厨房做饭了。根据时间状语by the time he arrived home可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时，其基本构成形式是had+done，begin的过去分词是begun。故填had begun。 14．Even though I (admire) them hundreds of times on my computer screen, nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 【答案】had admired 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管我已经在电脑屏幕上欣赏了它们数百次，但当我最终看到真实的东西时，我所感受到的奇妙还是让我始料未及。admire“欣赏”这一动作发生在laid eyes on之前，即过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时，Even though引导的让步状语从句谓语用had admired。故填had admired。 15．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. 【答案】had assumed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在“图书馆”开放后的几个月里，我都懒得去看一眼，因为我以为里面会塞满奶酪爱情故事。由didn’t bother可知，assume的动作发生在过去的过去，因此空格处用过去完成时。故填had assumed。 16．The police said that they had (react) as fast as they could. 【答案】reacted 【详解】考查时态。句意：警方表示他们已经尽可能快地做出了反应。根据said及had可知，此处用“had +过去分词”构成过去完成时，表示动作发生时间是“过去的过去”。react的过去分词为reacted。故填reacted。 17．He had (swallow) so much salt water that he was swollen like a balloon. 【答案】swallowed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他吞了那么多盐水，肿得像个气球。设空处为谓语动词，此处表示的是在过去的某个动作或时间前发生的动作，谓语动词应使用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，swallow 的过去分词是 swallowed。故填 swallowed。 18．The Boeing 747 made its first flight in 1969, connecting international cities that (have) no direct routes and helping mass travel become commonplace. 【答案】had had 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：波音747于1969年首次飞行，连接了没有直飞航线的国际城市，并使大众旅行变得普遍。设空处在定语从句中作谓语，应用动词，此处描述的是在波音747首次飞行之前，这些国际城市之间没有直飞航线，即“过去的过去”发生的动作，应用过去完成时。故填had had。 19．The train (depart) when we got to the station. 【答案】had departed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。此处为主句谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及从句动词got to可知，“火车离开”在“我们到达车站”之前，所以为过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had departed。 20．By the time my husband reached home yesterday, I (cook) the dinner already. 【答案】had cooked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天我丈夫到家时，我已经做好晚饭了。cook作主句谓语，根据“By the time my husband reached home yesterday”，描述的是在过去某个时间以前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时。故填had cooked。 21．She (ask) him a question about history and was now staring at him with big brown eyes, waiting for an answer. 【答案】had asked 【详解】考查时态。句意：她已经问了他一个关于历史的问题，现在正用大大的棕色眼睛盯着他，等待回答。根据was now可知，前半句描述的是发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had asked。 22．I finally picked up the classic novel I (want) to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language. 【答案】had wanted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我终于拿起了我一直想读的经典小说，很快就迷失在美丽的语言中。分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的谓语，want发生在主句谓语“picked up”之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故填had wanted。 23．By the time we arrived, everyone (receive) medical care. 【答案】had received 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们到达的时候，所有人都已经接受过医疗护理。所给动词receive在主句中作谓语，根据时间状语“By the time we arrived”可知，得到救护是在到达“arrived”之前，应使用过去完成时。故填had received。 24．Since the city (undergo) too much pollution, citizens undertook to reduce carbon emissions. 【答案】had undergone 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于城市污染严重，市民承诺减少碳排放。此处在since引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，主句undertook 用的是一般过去时，根据句意可知，从句描述的是过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，应用过去完成时，故填had undergone。 25．The construction workers (plug) the hole with plastic bags before it rained heavily. 【答案】had plugged 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在下大雨之前，建筑工人已经用塑料袋堵住了这个洞。根据时间状语从句before it rained heavily可知，此处是描述在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填had plugged。 26．He (overcome) the difficulties with his English by the time he went abroad. 【答案】had overcome 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到他出国时，他已经克服了英语方面的困难。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据“by the time he went abroad”可知，到他出国时，他已经克服了英语方面的困难，“overcome”发生在“went abroad”之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had overcome。 27．Sam (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. 【答案】had written 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：萨姆写这本小说已经三年了，上周出版了。根据“it was published last week”可知，小说上周出版，而“write”表示的动作发生在出版之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had written。 28．It was the first time that the baby (come) down with the flu, causing severe symptoms. 【答案】had come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是婴儿第一次感染流感，症状很严重。分析句子结构可知，在it was the first / second...time（that）句型中，that从句中用过去完成时。故填had come。 29．He (picture) the senior life many times in his mind before he came to the high school. 【答案】had pictured 【详解】考查时态。句意：在他上高中之前，他曾在脑海中多次描绘过高中生活。根据后文before he came to the high school.可知picture发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had pictured。 30．By the end of last year, Henry   (collect) more than a thousand postcards. 【答案】had collected 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张明信片。by后跟过去的时间点，谓语动词collect应用过去完成时。故填had collected。 二、完成句子 31．Their father told their mother about what trouble when making the porridge and toast. 他们的父亲告诉他们的母亲，双胞胎在做粥和吐司时遇到了什么麻烦。 【答案】the twins had gone through 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“双胞胎遇到了（什么麻烦）”，结合语境可知，“遇到麻烦”发生在“父亲告诉母亲”这一过去动作之前，即“过去的过去”，所以空处宾语从句需用过去完成时态；谓语动词go through“经历，遭受（困难、痛苦等）”符合题意，即had gone through；“双胞胎”翻译为the twins，此处特指这对双胞胎，所以名词前需加定冠词the。故填the twins had gone through。 32．他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he aerospace science and research and the cause of China’s aerospace. 【答案】 had been devoted to made great contributions to 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据汉语提示可知，陈述过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。“献身于”为“be devoted to”。“做出巨大的贡献”可用固定短语make contributions to。make需要过去分词，和前文中的助动词had构成过去完成时，是并列的谓语动词。“巨大的”可用形容词great，修饰名词contributions。故填had been devoted to ；made great contributions to。 33．玛丽坚持说她没有做错任何事，她受到的惩罚是不公平的。 Mary and it was unfair that she got punished. 【答案】insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong 【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“坚持说她没有做错任何事”，“坚持说”是insist，后跟that引导的宾语从句，由was可知，时态用一般过去时，insist用过去式，“她没有做错任何事”发生在insisted之前，时态用过去完成时，翻译为“she hadn’t done anything wrong”，因此空格处是“insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong”。故填insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong。 34． I entered the teachers’ office to thank my social studies teacher. 颁奖典礼刚结束，我就走进教师办公室感谢我的社会研究老师。 【答案】Hardly had the award presentation been over when 【详解】考查部分倒装和动词时态。表示“刚……就……”用固定短语hardly...when...，该结构中主句时态是过去完成时，从句时态是一般过去时，hardly表示否定意义，置于句首时，后面使用部分倒装结构。表示“颁奖典礼”用the award presentation，表示“结束”用be over，该动作发生在entered之前即过去的过去，故使用过去完成时。句首单词首字母大写。故填Hardly had the award presentation been over when。 35．我们刚到达目的地就下雨了。(when) We it began to rain. 【答案】had arrived at the destination when 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，此处为连词when引导的时间状语从句，主句中，表示“到达目的地”应为动词短语arrive at the destination；由从句动词began以及句意可知，此处主句动作应发生在从句动作之前，为过去完成时。故填had arrived at the destination when。 36．我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 【答案】I’d fallen asleep when 【详解】考查固定句型。“已经做……这时突然……”使用固定句型had done...when...，when用作并列连词，done表示的动作发生在heard之前，“睡着”使用动词短语fall asleep，故填I’d fallen asleep when。 37．汤姆的妈妈问汤姆是否已经完成了家庭作业。 Tom’s mother asked Tom . 【答案】whether/if he had finished his homework 【详解】考查宾语从句。“是否已经完成了家庭作业”作宾语，可处理为连词whether或者if引导的宾语从句，意为“是否……”；从句中补充省略的主语he，谓语“完成”用动词finish，根据句意，“完成作业”发生在主句“妈妈问汤姆”之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时态had finished，宾语“家庭作业”用his homework表示。故填whether/if he had finished his homework。 38．他一听到有人呼救，就毫不犹豫地跳进了河里。 Hardly when he jumped into the river without hesitation. 【答案】had he heard someone calling for help 【详解】考查部分倒装和动词时态。根据汉语句意及英文句子可知，此处表示“一……就……”，用hardly…when…引导的时间状语从句，主句谓语动词采用过去完成时，when从句的谓语动词采用一般过去时；hear sb. doing sth. (听见某人正做某事)，call for help (呼救)，前半句“他一听到有人呼救”用he had hardly heard someone calling for help；hardly位于句首时，主句需部分倒装，应填had he heard someone calling for help。故填had he heard someone calling for help。 39．我有点闷闷不乐，因为我无忧无虑的快乐童年要结束了。 I was heartsick, for I felt that the splendid years of my carefree childhood had . 【答案】 come to an end 【详解】考查短语。短语：come to an end“结束”，根据空前助动词had可知，这里的时态为过去完成时，因而空处动词come用过去分词come，故填①come；②to；③an；④end。 40．等到Jack从英格兰回来的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 By the time Jack returned home from England, his son college. 【答案】 had graduated from 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由“by the time +过去时”时间状语可知，此处应为过去完成时，结合句意可知，表示“从……毕业”为动词短语graduate from，所以为had graduated from的填入。故填had；graduated；from。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $