专题04 阅读理解之说明文（3年汇编）（湖北省卷专用）2024-2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 精选2024-2026年湖北中考英语说明文真题及模拟题，涵盖人与自然、社会文化、科技健康等主题，情境融合地域特色（如湖北长江物种）与时代热点（如AI助老），问题设计从基础细节到高阶推理，适配中考要求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|约60题（12篇×5题）|细节理解（如物种分布）、词义猜测（如“distinctive”）、主旨大意（如丝绸之路意义）、推理判断（如作者态度）|地域文化（湖北本土物种、诗会俱乐部）、科技传统融合（航天命名与传统文化）、健康生活（饮食建议），与中考命题趋势（本土文化、轻科普）高度契合|

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 3年真题1年模拟 年份 主题 话题 命题猜测 2026年中考真题 人与自然→动物 介绍了湖北省四种代表性长江物种（中华鲟、麋鹿、白鹭、长江江豚）的外形特征、分布地点和生活习性。 2026年说明文考了3篇、2025 年考了1篇，2024 年考了2篇，2027年五大主题预测： 1. 湖北本土传统文化（最高频，地域命题核心） 2. 科技 + 中华传统文化融合 3. 生活化前沿轻科普 4. 生活化前沿轻科普 5. 健康劳动教育类说明文（新增储备赛道） 人与社会→时代变迁 介绍了中国邮政及快递服务从古代到现代的发展历程及未来展望。 人与社会→中华文化 介绍了中国学生为帮助交换生学习中国古诗而成立的“诗会”俱乐部 2025年中考真题 人与社会→文化 介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 2024年中考真题 人与社会→航天与航空 文章介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源 人与自我→饮食健康 介绍了我们应该如何健康合理地饮食。 主题01 人与自然→动物 （2026·湖北·中考真题） Come and Meet the Yangtze River Stars in Hubei! The Chinese Sturgeon It is a big, long fish with a sharp nose. We can find it in Yichang. It lives in the sea but is born in the Yangtze River. People raise baby sturgeons and put them back into the river. The Milu Deer It has a face like a horse, a tail like a donkey, feet like a cow, and antlers like a deer. Chinese people call it sibuxiang. We can find it in Shishou. It likes to stay near water. It eats grass and lies down under trees. Now its number is growing thanks to the wetland protection. The Little Egret It is all white with long black legs and yellow feet. We can find it in the Honghu Lake and other wetlands in Hubei. It stands on one leg when it relaxes. It likes to walk slowly in shallow (浅的) water. Cleaner wetlands give it more fish to eat and safer places to live in. The Yangtze Finless Porpoise It has a small round head and a smiling mouth. We can find it in Wuhan. It loves to play in and jump out of the water. It’s called “the giant panda of the water”. To provide better environment for it, people are not allowed to fish for ten years. 1．Which animal lives in the sea but is born in the river? A．The Chinese sturgeon. B．The milu deer. C．The little egret. D．The Yangtze finless porpoise. 2．Where can we find the milu deer? A．In Wuhan. B．In Yichang. C．In Shishou. D．In Honghu. 3．What does the little egret like to do? A．Play under trees. B．Relax on trees. C．Walk in shallow water. D．Jump out of the water. 4．What do people do for the Yangtze finless porpoise? A．Protect wetlands. B．Stop fishing. C．Raise baby fish. D．Put it into the river. 5．On what kind of website can we read the passage? A．Business. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Nature. 主题02 人与社会→时代变迁 （2026·湖北·中考真题）In ancient China, letters were sent by pigeons and packages (包裹) by horses. Common people could hardly afford it. In 1896, China opened its very first post office. That was the beginning of China’s own postal service. With a small stamp on the cover, people in big cities could send letters and packages. Bikes, ships and trains carried them across mountains and rivers in the country, even abroad. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the postal service grew rapidly. Post offices were set up all around the country. Their services stretched to even the quietest, farthest villages. That made communication much easier for people in every corner of the country. College students could write to their parents in faraway hometowns. Friends and relatives could send packages on festivals to greet each other. Since the 1990s, a new branch (分支) of postal service, the delivery (快递) industry, has also grown rapidly. Take the year 2025 for example. Every second, over 6,000 packages were on the move. Every day, more than 500 million packages were processed and put into trucks. In the whole year, over 180 billion were sent across the country. And the fastest delivery took only several hours! Now, “speed” is no longer the only key word in this industry. Many delivery services have started to go green. Each year, more than 800 million boxes are reused or recycled. Besides, smart packing models are widely used. There’s no doubt that delivery services are smart in our life and friendly to our environment. From pigeons and horses to delivery trucks, China’s postal history shows how this old great nation has developed and progressed. Looking forward, will China’s postal service fly to the moon and other planets in outer space? 1．What happened in 1896 according to the passage? A．Stamps were invented in China. B．China’s first post office was opened. C．People stopped using pigeons and horses. D．Ships and trains began to carry passengers. 2．What does the underlined phrase “stretched to” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Reported. B．Moved. C．Reached. D．Missed. 3．Which can best describe the delivery services according to paragraphs 3&4? A．Faster Greener Smarter. B．Greener Smarter Cheaper. C．Smarter Faster Safer. D．Safer Cheaper Greener. 4．What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage? A．The writer hopes to live on other planets. B．The writer shows interest in space history. C．The writer wants to check the delivery address. D．The writer has confidence in China’s postal service. 5．How does the writer organize the passage? A．In the order of time. B．In the order of space. C．From opinions to facts. D．From reasons to results. 5．通读全文可知，文章出现了“In ancient China”、“In 1896”、“After the founding...in 1949”、“Since the 1990s”、“Take the year 2025”、“Now”等明显的时间标志词，说明文章是按时间顺序组织的。 主题03 人与社会→中华文化 （2026·湖北·中考真题）For most foreign teenagers, learning Chinese poems could be boring. But for a group of exchange students in China, it became an amazing trip. To help them learn more, Chinese students in a middle school started a club called “Poetry Gathering”. In this club, students explored the classic poems in active and creative ways. Chinese students prepared “fun cards”. On the cards were famous poems and theme (主题) paintings. Cards about Li Bai’s moon, Du Fu’s mountains, and Wang Wei’s desert were popular. They helped the exchange students know how ancient poets used Chinese to “paint” pictures. Besides, they used simple instruments like drums to experience the rhythm (节奏) of the poems. “When I play the drums to a Tang poem, I can hear the music hidden in the lines,” said Alice, an exchange student. “It makes the poem easy to sing out loud and interesting to share.” By putting poems, paintings and the rhythm together, students made the club a fun place where ancient poets met their teenager fans. When Chinese students and exchange students studied together, they both benefited greatly. “To help them better understand our poems, I have to do some closer reading. Each character means a lot in poems. For example, 水 (shui) shows beauty, sweetness, and a smooth feeling,” said Li Ran. “When my new foreign friend said he could feel the imagery (意境) of the lines, I felt very proud of our culture.” Li added. In fact, learning poems can be fun for everyone. These activities not only offer students a chance to learn more about Chinese poems, but also bring people of different languages and cultures together. 1．What do most foreign teenagers think of learning Chinese poems? A．Exciting. B．Useful. C．Boring. D．Easy. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．Cards. B．Paintings. C．Poems. D．Mountains. 3．What did playing the drums help the students do? A．Sing more poems. B．Feel the rhythm of poems. C．Share classic music. D．Create lively nature scenes. 4．Why did the writer use the example of “水 (shui)”? A．To describe different forms of water. B．To tell the pronunciation of the character. C．To express Chinese people’s love for water. D．To show the rich meanings of Chinese characters. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Talk on Chinese Culture B．A Taste of Classic Lines C．Power of Deep Thoughts D．Fun with Chinese Poems 主题04 人与社会→文化 （2025·湖北·中考真题）Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 1．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 2．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 4．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 主题05 人与社会→航天与航空 （2024·湖北·中考真题）So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ①old stories        ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people        ④ popular inventions A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 2．What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage? A．It moves around the moon. B．It protects the Jade Rabbit. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 3．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1            ②=Paragraph 2,…) A．B．C． D． 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 主题06 人与自我→饮食健康 （2024·湖北·中考真题） Eat Well, Live Well We eat food so that we have energy to run, jump and play. We should have plenty of different things. We should eat plenty of dairy products such as milk, cheese, and so on. Along with fish, beans and meat, dairy products make us strong. Do it! Look for low-fat milk and cheese. They are healthier. We should also eat enough grain products so that we have energy to work and play. Grain products include bread, rice and noodles. Do it! Eat a certain amount (数量) of grain products to keep fit. Fruit and vegetables keep us healthy. We should eat plenty of them at every meal. Do it! Try to eat fruit and vegetables in different colors every day. Don’t forget to drink water. We should drink 6-8 glasses of water every day so that our bodies work properly. 1．Which of the following is a kind of dairy products? A．Fish. B．Beans. C．Milk. D．Noodles. 2．How many kinds of grain products are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which is healthier than the other three according to the passage? A．B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s opinion about eating well? A．Grain products are the best of all. B．Eat plenty of food as you like every day. C．Vegetables make our bodies work properly. D．Have different kinds of food and enough water. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the passage? A．Art. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Education. （一） （2026·湖北荆州·二模）A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ________ The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸汽). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the moon! 1．What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A．The purpose of studying the moon. B．The way to do research on lunar minerals. C．People’s ideas about living on the moon. D．The method to produce water on the earth. 2．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 2? A．So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. B．So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C．So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. D．So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. 3．How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Loses. B．Hides. C．Needs. D．Shows. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A new way to get water on the moon. B．Human trips to the moon in the future. C．How human can live on the moon. D．Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. （二） （2026·湖北十堰·二模）①E-Robert is the only robot using AI to help people. There are many lonely old people in Australia. They all say that the E-Robert makes them happy. ②97-year-old Amanda Blake lives in Sydney, Australia. When she is at home, a talking robot called E-Robert often talks to her about her day. ③In Melbourne, Australia, E-Robert plays games and music for 91-year-oldSarah Parker. This robot always makes Sarah laugh. She feels great every day. ④And in Perth, Australia, E-Robert helps 96-year-old Cynthia Nixon to make new friends. Because of the Internet, Cynthia can get to know more people and say hello to many friends. ⑤E-Robert looks like a small table lamp. It can remember the users’ likes and talks. Joyce says, “It’s fun. E-Robert knows me well. It talks to me about my health and asks me to do sports. When it’s time for me to take medicine, it tells me. Sometimes I can also make calls to my family and friends through E-Robert.” ⑥Australia says it can help about 100, 000 lonely old people before 2029. The robot makes lots of people feel happy! 1．Which information card is right? A． B． C． D． 2．Which of the following may be the E-Robert? A．B． C． D． 3．According to Joyce, what is the main use of E-Robert? A．To be a tool for making phone calls. B．To be a friend that talks to her about her day. C．To be a fun toy that can remember stories and tell jokes. D．To be a helper that helps her remember her health and daily routines. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Talking E-Robert can use AI. B．Old people make friends with E-Robert. C．Talking E-Robert helps lonely old people. D．Old people stay healthy with the help of E-Robert. （三） （2026·湖北恩施·二模）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a precious part of Chinese culture with a history of over 2,000 years. It is a gentle way to care for our physical health, quite different from the modern medicine we usually see in hospitals. Modern medicine often works quickly to fight diseases. But TCM uses natural methods to help people stay healthy and feel better in a more balanced way. One of the most famous parts of TCM is herbs (草药). For example, if you cough, a TCM-trained doctor might give you warm tea made from natural herbs to soothe your pain. These herbs work like natural medicine to help fight off sickness without strong side effects. Another key part is Chinese Zhenjiu. It uses thin needles (针) that are put into skin at special points. Though it may sound scary at first, it is not painful at all. Chinese Zhenjiu can help improve sleep and make people feel better quickly. Besides these treatments, TCM also pays much attention to people’s lifestyle and eating habits. TCM-trained doctors believe that if we eat healthy food, keep a balanced diet and live a regular life, we can stay healthy and won’t get sick. They often give us simple advice on daily activities, like light exercise or rest plans, to keep our bodies strong. As the world becomes more connected, TCM has won hearts of people from home and abroad. In many foreign countries, even some hospitals have begun to mix TCM methods with modern medicine, using both kinds of treatments together to help patients get well. Today, TCM is not just a medical system but also a symbol of Chinese wisdom. It teaches people to live in peace with nature and take good care of themselves. It has become a bridge of friendship between China and other countries, helping people from different cultures understand each other better. 1．Which paragraph talks about “What is TCM”? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 2．The underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 2 means ________. A．discover B．express C．reduce D．cause 3．What does TCM pay attention to? ① Eating habits.        ② Different moods. ③ People’s lifestyle.     ④ Modern medicine. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Herbs have become a bridge of different cultures. B．Foreign treatments have many strong side effects. C．Chinese Zhenjiu helps people keep a balanced diet. D．TCM follows the idea of living in peace with nature. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To compare TCM with modern medicine. B．To teach people how to use TCM at home. C．To ask people to try both kinds of treatments. D．To introduce treatments and influence of TCM. （四） （2026·湖北黄石·模拟预测）AI Tools to Help You Learn Better Nowadays, AI tools can help us with many things. Here are four useful AI tools for students. AI Tools Wenxin YigeDo you like drawing? This tool can turn your words into beautiful pictures. Just tell it what you want, like “a cute cat in a forest”, and it will draw one for you. It’s great for art lovers. DoubaoNeed help with your writing? Doubao is an all-around AI helper that can help you write emails, stories, or even school reports. It is free to use and works on your phone or computer. Youdao WritingWant to improve your English writing? Youdao Writing checks your English composition. It finds grammar and spelling mistakes, and tells you how to make your sentences better. It is especially good at finding problems that Chinese learners often make. SpeakGuruPracticing English speaking is easy with SpeakGuru. It talks with you like a real person, corrects your pronunciation, and gives you daily conversations to practice. It can even help you get ready for exams. These AI tools are fun and helpful. But remember, do not depend on them too much. You should always use your own brain and practice hard. AI is just a helper, not a replacer. 1．Which of the following can most probably be created by Wenxin Yige? A．B．C． D． 2．What can Doubao help you do according to the passage? A．Draw pictures. B．Write emails and reports. C．Check your pronunciation. D．Practice daily conversations. 3．Who needs to use SpeakGuru most probably? A．A boy writing an email. B．A teacher checking grammar. C．A girl afraid of speaking English. D．A student drawing a panda. 4．What does the writer advise us to do at the end? A．Use AI only as a helper. B．Use AI tools every day. C．Depend on AI completely. D．Stop practicing by yourself. 5．Where can you most probably read this passage? A．In a travel guidebook. B．In a cooking magazine. C．In a science fiction story. D．On a student learning website. （五） （2026·湖北·二模）Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we should face today. Luckily, we are not alone in this fight. Scientists are now using artificial intelligence (AI) to develop new ways to protect our planet. One exciting project is happening in the Amazon rainforest. Researchers have set up AI-powered listening machines in the trees. These machines can recognize the sounds of illegal (非法的) cutting down trees. Before, by the time guards reached the area, it was often too late. Now, they can receive warnings at once and take action to stop the illegal activities. AI is also helping to reduce energy waste. In many modern cities, AI systems manage the traffic lights. By analyzing (分析) real-time traffic data (数据), these systems can change the timing of red and green lights to reduce the number of times cars have to stop and start. This keeps traffic moving smoothly and helps to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions from cars. Also, AI is a powerful tool for weather prediction (预测). Traditional weather reports can tell us it might rain next week, but AI can make these predictions much more accurate. It can analyze huge amounts of data from satellites and weather stations to model complex (复杂的) climate systems. This helps farmers plan their planting and harvesting better, and allows cities to prepare for awful weather events. However, AI is not a perfect way to solve problems. It requires a great amount of electricity to run the powerful computers behind it, which can itself be an environmental cost. The key, scientists say, is to use AI wisely—to use it for tasks that finally save more resources than the technology consumes (消耗). 1．What is the main purpose of the AI listening machines in the Amazon rainforest? A．To help guards cut down trees. B．To record the sounds of animals. C．To study different types of plants. D．To stop illegal cutting down activities. 2．The underlined word ”emissions“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．sounds that are made B．lights that are bright C．wastes that are produced D．energies that are saved 3．According to the passage, how can AI’s weather prediction help farmers? A．It can help them reduce energy waste. B．It can help them plan their farm work better. C．It can help them build more weather stations. D．It can help them prepare for cutting down trees. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To introduce a new kind of AI tool. B．To describe how AI uses electricity. C．To explain why AI is hard to develop. D．To show that AI also has its disadvantages. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Challenges from Climate Change B．AI Helps in Protecting the Planet C．Modern Solutions for Traffic Problems D．The Development of Artificial Intelligence （六）（2026·湖北黄石·二模） Staying Safe in a Lightning StormLightning can be dangerous. Here are some tips to stay safe. Outdoors 1. Check if thunderstorms are in the weather report. 2. Find a strong building or stay in a car with a hard roof (车顶). 3. Do not stand under trees that are alone in the middle of a field. 4. Do not stand under tall trees when there are shorter trees close by. 5. Do not stand near things that are made of metal.Indoors. 1. Close all the windows and doors. 2. Do not take a bath or shower. Stay away from water. 3. Turn off electrical appliances (电器), including computers and TVs.The Lightning Crouch (闪电躲避蹲姿) If you feel your skin tingles (刺痛) or your hair stands up, this could mean you are about to be hit by lightning. Get into the “Lightning Crouch”, Crouch down low and curl into a small ball. Put your hands on your knees and keep your head down. Try to be as small as you can, with very little touching the ground. DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND! 1．Which of the following is not safe in a lightning storm? a. Stand under trees.        b. take a shower. c. Lie on the ground.        d. Stand away from things that are made of metal. A．acd B．abc C．bcd D．abd 2．What can you do if you are indoors during a lightning storm? A．Take a shower. B．Play computers. C．Watch TV in the room. D．Stay away from the water. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Your knees can protect your head. B．You should put your hands on your head when there is lightning. C．Lying on the ground can prevent you from being hit by lightning. D．If you touch the ground less, you may not be hit by lightning. 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us the importance of lightning storms. B．To tell us the way to learn about lightning storms. C．To tell us how to protect ourselves during lightning storms. D．To tell us how lightning storms are formed. 5．The passage above may be ________. A．a story B．a novel C．a poster D．a speech 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解之说明文 3年真题1年模拟•答案版 三年真题分类园 @ 主题01人与自然→动物 1.A 2.C3.C4.B5.D 主题02人与社会→时代变迁 1.B 2.C3.A4.D5.A 主题03人与社会→中华文化 1.C 2.A3.B4.D5.D 主题04人与社会→文化 1.A 2.B3.C4.A5.D @i 主题05人与社会→航天与航空 1.B 2.A3.C4.A5.D 主题06人与自我→饮食健康 1C2.B3.A4.D5.C 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 一 年模拟练测园 (一) 1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A (二) 1.D2.B3.D4.A5.C (三) 1.A2.C3.B4.D5.D （四) 1.B2.B3.C4.A5.D (五) 1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B (六) 1.B2.D3.D4.C5.C 212 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 3年真题1年模拟 年份 主题 话题 命题猜测 2026年中考真题 人与自然→动物 介绍了湖北省四种代表性长江物种（中华鲟、麋鹿、白鹭、长江江豚）的外形特征、分布地点和生活习性。 2026年说明文考了3篇、2025 年考了1篇，2024 年考了2篇，2027年五大主题预测： 1. 湖北本土传统文化（最高频，地域命题核心） 2. 科技 + 中华传统文化融合 3. 生活化前沿轻科普 4. 生活化前沿轻科普 5. 健康劳动教育类说明文（新增储备赛道） 人与社会→时代变迁 介绍了中国邮政及快递服务从古代到现代的发展历程及未来展望。 人与社会→中华文化 介绍了中国学生为帮助交换生学习中国古诗而成立的“诗会”俱乐部 2025年中考真题 人与社会→文化 介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 2024年中考真题 人与社会→航天与航空 文章介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源 人与自我→饮食健康 介绍了我们应该如何健康合理地饮食。 主题01 人与自然→动物 （2026·湖北·中考真题） Come and Meet the Yangtze River Stars in Hubei! The Chinese Sturgeon It is a big, long fish with a sharp nose. We can find it in Yichang. It lives in the sea but is born in the Yangtze River. People raise baby sturgeons and put them back into the river. The Milu Deer It has a face like a horse, a tail like a donkey, feet like a cow, and antlers like a deer. Chinese people call it sibuxiang. We can find it in Shishou. It likes to stay near water. It eats grass and lies down under trees. Now its number is growing thanks to the wetland protection. The Little Egret It is all white with long black legs and yellow feet. We can find it in the Honghu Lake and other wetlands in Hubei. It stands on one leg when it relaxes. It likes to walk slowly in shallow (浅的) water. Cleaner wetlands give it more fish to eat and safer places to live in. The Yangtze Finless Porpoise It has a small round head and a smiling mouth. We can find it in Wuhan. It loves to play in and jump out of the water. It’s called “the giant panda of the water”. To provide better environment for it, people are not allowed to fish for ten years. 1．Which animal lives in the sea but is born in the river? A．The Chinese sturgeon. B．The milu deer. C．The little egret. D．The Yangtze finless porpoise. 2．Where can we find the milu deer? A．In Wuhan. B．In Yichang. C．In Shishou. D．In Honghu. 3．What does the little egret like to do? A．Play under trees. B．Relax on trees. C．Walk in shallow water. D．Jump out of the water. 4．What do people do for the Yangtze finless porpoise? A．Protect wetlands. B．Stop fishing. C．Raise baby fish. D．Put it into the river. 5．On what kind of website can we read the passage? A．Business. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Nature. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了湖北省四种代表性长江物种（中华鲟、麋鹿、白鹭、长江江豚）的外形特征、分布地点和生活习性。 1．由“The Chinese Sturgeon”部分“It lives in the sea but is born in the Yangtze River”可知，中华鲟生活在海里但在长江出生。 2．由“The Milu Deer”部分“We can find it in Shishou”可知，麋鹿在石首能找到。 3．由“The Little Egret”部分“It likes to walk slowly in shallow water”可知，白鹭喜欢在浅水中漫步。 4．由“The Yangtze Finless Porpoise”部分“To provide better environment for it, people are not allowed to fish for ten years”可知，人们为了保护长江江豚实行十年禁渔。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了湖北长江流域的四种动物（中华鲟、麋鹿、白鹭、江豚）及其生存环境和保护措施，属于自然生态类话题，因此最可能出现在自然（Nature）类网站上。 主题02 人与社会→时代变迁 （2026·湖北·中考真题）In ancient China, letters were sent by pigeons and packages (包裹) by horses. Common people could hardly afford it. In 1896, China opened its very first post office. That was the beginning of China’s own postal service. With a small stamp on the cover, people in big cities could send letters and packages. Bikes, ships and trains carried them across mountains and rivers in the country, even abroad. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the postal service grew rapidly. Post offices were set up all around the country. Their services stretched to even the quietest, farthest villages. That made communication much easier for people in every corner of the country. College students could write to their parents in faraway hometowns. Friends and relatives could send packages on festivals to greet each other. Since the 1990s, a new branch (分支) of postal service, the delivery (快递) industry, has also grown rapidly. Take the year 2025 for example. Every second, over 6,000 packages were on the move. Every day, more than 500 million packages were processed and put into trucks. In the whole year, over 180 billion were sent across the country. And the fastest delivery took only several hours! Now, “speed” is no longer the only key word in this industry. Many delivery services have started to go green. Each year, more than 800 million boxes are reused or recycled. Besides, smart packing models are widely used. There’s no doubt that delivery services are smart in our life and friendly to our environment. From pigeons and horses to delivery trucks, China’s postal history shows how this old great nation has developed and progressed. Looking forward, will China’s postal service fly to the moon and other planets in outer space? 1．What happened in 1896 according to the passage? A．Stamps were invented in China. B．China’s first post office was opened. C．People stopped using pigeons and horses. D．Ships and trains began to carry passengers. 2．What does the underlined phrase “stretched to” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Reported. B．Moved. C．Reached. D．Missed. 3．Which can best describe the delivery services according to paragraphs 3&4? A．Faster Greener Smarter. B．Greener Smarter Cheaper. C．Smarter Faster Safer. D．Safer Cheaper Greener. 4．What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage? A．The writer hopes to live on other planets. B．The writer shows interest in space history. C．The writer wants to check the delivery address. D．The writer has confidence in China’s postal service. 5．How does the writer organize the passage? A．In the order of time. B．In the order of space. C．From opinions to facts. D．From reasons to results. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章按时间顺序介绍了中国邮政及快递服务从古代到现代的发展历程及未来展望。 1．根据第一段“In 1896, China opened its very first post office.”可知，1896年发生的是中国第一家邮局开业。 2．根据第二段“Post offices were set up all around the country. Their services stretched to even the quietest, farthest villages.”可知，此处指服务范围覆盖或到达了偏远村庄，“Reached”（到达）意思最接近。 3．根据第三段“And the fastest delivery took only several hours!”可知，快递更快（Faster）；根据第四段“Many delivery services have started to go green.”可知，更环保（Greener）；根据第四段“smart packing models are widely used.”可知，更智能（Smarter）。 4．根据文章最后一句“Looking forward, will China’s postal service fly to the moon and other planets in outer space?”可知，这是一个基于发展现状提出的展望，暗示了作者对中国邮政服务未来发展的信心和期待。 5．通读全文可知，文章出现了“In ancient China”、“In 1896”、“After the founding...in 1949”、“Since the 1990s”、“Take the year 2025”、“Now”等明显的时间标志词，说明文章是按时间顺序组织的。 主题03 人与社会→中华文化 （2026·湖北·中考真题）For most foreign teenagers, learning Chinese poems could be boring. But for a group of exchange students in China, it became an amazing trip. To help them learn more, Chinese students in a middle school started a club called “Poetry Gathering”. In this club, students explored the classic poems in active and creative ways. Chinese students prepared “fun cards”. On the cards were famous poems and theme (主题) paintings. Cards about Li Bai’s moon, Du Fu’s mountains, and Wang Wei’s desert were popular. They helped the exchange students know how ancient poets used Chinese to “paint” pictures. Besides, they used simple instruments like drums to experience the rhythm (节奏) of the poems. “When I play the drums to a Tang poem, I can hear the music hidden in the lines,” said Alice, an exchange student. “It makes the poem easy to sing out loud and interesting to share.” By putting poems, paintings and the rhythm together, students made the club a fun place where ancient poets met their teenager fans. When Chinese students and exchange students studied together, they both benefited greatly. “To help them better understand our poems, I have to do some closer reading. Each character means a lot in poems. For example, 水 (shui) shows beauty, sweetness, and a smooth feeling,” said Li Ran. “When my new foreign friend said he could feel the imagery (意境) of the lines, I felt very proud of our culture.” Li added. In fact, learning poems can be fun for everyone. These activities not only offer students a chance to learn more about Chinese poems, but also bring people of different languages and cultures together. 1．What do most foreign teenagers think of learning Chinese poems? A．Exciting. B．Useful. C．Boring. D．Easy. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．Cards. B．Paintings. C．Poems. D．Mountains. 3．What did playing the drums help the students do? A．Sing more poems. B．Feel the rhythm of poems. C．Share classic music. D．Create lively nature scenes. 4．Why did the writer use the example of “水 (shui)”? A．To describe different forms of water. B．To tell the pronunciation of the character. C．To express Chinese people’s love for water. D．To show the rich meanings of Chinese characters. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Talk on Chinese Culture B．A Taste of Classic Lines C．Power of Deep Thoughts D．Fun with Chinese Poems 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国学生为帮助交换生学习中国古诗而成立的“诗会”俱乐部，通过趣味卡片、鼓点节奏等方式，让古诗学习变得有趣，并促进了中外学生之间的文化交流。 1．由第一段“For most foreign teenagers, learning Chinese poems could be boring”可知，大多数外国青少年认为学习中国古诗是无聊的。 2．根据第二段内容，中国学生准备了“fun cards”（趣味卡片），随后提到“Cards about... were popular.”，紧接着说“They helped the exchange students...”。“They”指代的是帮助交换学生理解诗歌的“卡片”。 3．由第三段“they used simple instruments like drums to experience the rhythm of the poems”和Alice的话“When I play the drums to a Tang poem, I can hear the music hidden in the lines”可知，打鼓帮助学生们感受诗歌的节奏。 4．由第四段“Each character means a lot in poems. For example, 水 (shui) shows beauty, sweetness, and a smooth feeling”可知，作者用“水”作为例子是为了展示中国汉字丰富的含义。 5．文章主要讲述了通过“诗歌聚会”俱乐部，利用卡片、打鼓等有趣的方式帮助交换学生学习中国诗歌，强调了学习过程的趣味性。最后一段也总结道“learning poems can be fun for everyone”。因此“Fun with Chinese Poems”（中国诗歌之乐）最适合作为标题。 主题04 人与社会→文化 （2025·湖北·中考真题）Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 1．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 2．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 4．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. ”可知丝绸是嫘祖‌发明的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West. ”和“For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West,”可知丝绸、茶叶和造纸从中国运到西方。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries.”可知丝绸制作方法一直是保密的，即④，直到后来“During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there.”张骞把丝绸带去西方，即①，然后开始有丝绸之路。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“you can see how art pieces combined Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive.”可知中西方文化融合会出来特殊的东西。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas.”可知丝绸之路的故事告诉我们以前的人们会通过贸易和分享成为朋友，因此介绍了跨文化交流的重要性。故选D。 主题05 人与社会→航天与航空 （2024·湖北·中考真题）So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ①old stories        ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people        ④ popular inventions A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 2．What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage? A．It moves around the moon. B．It protects the Jade Rabbit. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 3．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1            ②=Paragraph 2,…) A．B．C． D． 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源，表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，太空科学家给卫星命名时受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的启发。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I.”可知，嫦娥一号绕月运行。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example…”可知，文章第四段介绍科学家给卫星命名时还受到古代名人的启发，下文列举了“墨子号”的例子。故作者通过举例子的方式支持自己的观点。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段介绍文章主题，太空技术与古代传统文化有关系；第二、三、四段分别从中国传统故事以及古代著名人物方面介绍；最后一段总结全文，升华主题。故文章的结构是总（①）——分（②③④）——总（⑤）。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”及全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍中国的空间技术与中国传统文化之间的渊源，中国传统文化影响着我国的空间技术。故选D。 主题06 人与自我→饮食健康 （2024·湖北·中考真题） Eat Well, Live Well We eat food so that we have energy to run, jump and play. We should have plenty of different things. We should eat plenty of dairy products such as milk, cheese, and so on. Along with fish, beans and meat, dairy products make us strong. Do it! Look for low-fat milk and cheese. They are healthier. We should also eat enough grain products so that we have energy to work and play. Grain products include bread, rice and noodles. Do it! Eat a certain amount (数量) of grain products to keep fit. Fruit and vegetables keep us healthy. We should eat plenty of them at every meal. Do it! Try to eat fruit and vegetables in different colors every day. Don’t forget to drink water. We should drink 6-8 glasses of water every day so that our bodies work properly. 1．Which of the following is a kind of dairy products? A．Fish. B．Beans. C．Milk. D．Noodles. 2．How many kinds of grain products are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which is healthier than the other three according to the passage? A．B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s opinion about eating well? A．Grain products are the best of all. B．Eat plenty of food as you like every day. C．Vegetables make our bodies work properly. D．Have different kinds of food and enough water. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the passage? A．Art. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Education. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们应该如何健康合理地饮食。 1．细节理解题。根据“We should eat plenty of dairy products such as milk, cheese, and so on.”可知，牛奶是乳制品。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Grain products include bread, rice and noodles.”可知，文中提到了面包、米饭、面条三种谷类食物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。通读文章可知，一份健康的饮食应该包括乳制品、肉类、豆子、谷类食物、水果蔬菜以及水等。B选项缺少乳制品、肉类，C选项缺少水果蔬菜，D选项缺少乳制品，只有A选项种类齐全，更健康。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We should have plenty of different things.”及“Don’t forget to drink water. We should drink 6-8 glasses of water every day”可知，作者认为我们应该吃各种不同的食物以及多喝水。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了健康合理的饮食，故可能在“健康”版块读到此文章。故选C。 （一） （2026·湖北荆州·二模）A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ________ The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸汽). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the moon! 1．What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A．The purpose of studying the moon. B．The way to do research on lunar minerals. C．People’s ideas about living on the moon. D．The method to produce water on the earth. 2．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 2? A．So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. B．So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C．So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. D．So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. 3．How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Loses. B．Hides. C．Needs. D．Shows. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A new way to get water on the moon. B．Human trips to the moon in the future. C．How human can live on the moon. D．Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文介绍中国科学家发现利用月壤在月球制取水的新方法，该发现为月球寻水提供新可能，对人类未来月球探索与定居意义重大。 1．第一段指出“Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future!”，这项发现会改变人们对于在月球居住的看法。 2．第二段指出“However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there.”，矿物里水分含量极低，很难取水，因此人类想要在月球居住很困难。 3．第三段指出“They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water.”，100g月球土壤可产生5.1-7.6ml水，因此1000g月球土壤可产生51-76ml水，对应选项B烧杯图示。 4．最后一段指出“All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon.”，结合上下文可知，研究为在月球上找水揭示/展现了新的可能性，因此“reveals”意为“展现、揭示”，与“Shows”意思相近。 5．文章围绕中国科学家发现的、从月球土壤中制取水的新方法展开，介绍了这一方法的原理、数据和意义，因此A选项“A new way to get water on the moon”最能概括全文主旨。 （二） （2026·湖北十堰·二模）①E-Robert is the only robot using AI to help people. There are many lonely old people in Australia. They all say that the E-Robert makes them happy. ②97-year-old Amanda Blake lives in Sydney, Australia. When she is at home, a talking robot called E-Robert often talks to her about her day. ③In Melbourne, Australia, E-Robert plays games and music for 91-year-oldSarah Parker. This robot always makes Sarah laugh. She feels great every day. ④And in Perth, Australia, E-Robert helps 96-year-old Cynthia Nixon to make new friends. Because of the Internet, Cynthia can get to know more people and say hello to many friends. ⑤E-Robert looks like a small table lamp. It can remember the users’ likes and talks. Joyce says, “It’s fun. E-Robert knows me well. It talks to me about my health and asks me to do sports. When it’s time for me to take medicine, it tells me. Sometimes I can also make calls to my family and friends through E-Robert.” ⑥Australia says it can help about 100, 000 lonely old people before 2029. The robot makes lots of people feel happy! 1．Which information card is right? A． B． C． D． 2．Which of the following may be the E-Robert? A．B． C． D． 3．According to Joyce, what is the main use of E-Robert? A．To be a tool for making phone calls. B．To be a friend that talks to her about her day. C．To be a fun toy that can remember stories and tell jokes. D．To be a helper that helps her remember her health and daily routines. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Talking E-Robert can use AI. B．Old people make friends with E-Robert. C．Talking E-Robert helps lonely old people. D．Old people stay healthy with the help of E-Robert. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚一款名为E-Robert的人工智能机器人，它通过陪伴聊天、提醒健康事务、帮助拓展社交等方式，为当地众多孤独老人带来快乐与慰藉，还阐述了其未来助力更多老人的规划。 1．根据原文细节定位：②段：“97-year-old Amanda Blake lives in Sydney, Australia.” → Amanda Blake，Sydney，97岁；③段：“In Melbourne, Australia, E-Robert plays games and music for 91-year-old Sarah Parker.” →Sarah Parker，Melbourne，91岁；④段：“And in Perth, Australia, E-Robert helps 96-year-old Cynthia Nixon...”→Cynthia Nixon，Perth，96岁。选项D的信息与原文完全匹配。 2．根据原文⑤段描述：“E-Robert looks like a small table lamp. It can remember the users’ likes and talks...”，结合图片特征，选项B的台灯造型最符合“small table lamp”的描述。 3．根据原文⑤段Joyce的话：“It talks to me about my health and asks me to do sports. When it’s time for me to take medicine, it tells me.”可知，E-Robert主要帮助她记住健康和日常事务。 4．通读全文。①段：总述E-Robert用AI帮助人，让孤独老人快乐；②—④段：分述不同城市的老人使用E-Robert的案例；⑤段：具体描述E-Robert的功能；⑥段：总结E-Robert的帮助范围。分层结构为 ①/②③④/⑤/⑥，对应选项A的分段标记。 5．文章围绕“E-Robert帮助澳大利亚孤独老人”展开，通过案例和功能描述，强调其对孤独老人的积极影响。选项C “Talking E-Robert helps lonely old people”准确概括主旨。 （三） （2026·湖北恩施·二模）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a precious part of Chinese culture with a history of over 2,000 years. It is a gentle way to care for our physical health, quite different from the modern medicine we usually see in hospitals. Modern medicine often works quickly to fight diseases. But TCM uses natural methods to help people stay healthy and feel better in a more balanced way. One of the most famous parts of TCM is herbs (草药). For example, if you cough, a TCM-trained doctor might give you warm tea made from natural herbs to soothe your pain. These herbs work like natural medicine to help fight off sickness without strong side effects. Another key part is Chinese Zhenjiu. It uses thin needles (针) that are put into skin at special points. Though it may sound scary at first, it is not painful at all. Chinese Zhenjiu can help improve sleep and make people feel better quickly. Besides these treatments, TCM also pays much attention to people’s lifestyle and eating habits. TCM-trained doctors believe that if we eat healthy food, keep a balanced diet and live a regular life, we can stay healthy and won’t get sick. They often give us simple advice on daily activities, like light exercise or rest plans, to keep our bodies strong. As the world becomes more connected, TCM has won hearts of people from home and abroad. In many foreign countries, even some hospitals have begun to mix TCM methods with modern medicine, using both kinds of treatments together to help patients get well. Today, TCM is not just a medical system but also a symbol of Chinese wisdom. It teaches people to live in peace with nature and take good care of themselves. It has become a bridge of friendship between China and other countries, helping people from different cultures understand each other better. 1．Which paragraph talks about “What is TCM”? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 2．The underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 2 means ________. A．discover B．express C．reduce D．cause 3．What does TCM pay attention to? ① Eating habits.        ② Different moods. ③ People’s lifestyle.     ④ Modern medicine. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Herbs have become a bridge of different cultures. B．Foreign treatments have many strong side effects. C．Chinese Zhenjiu helps people keep a balanced diet. D．TCM follows the idea of living in peace with nature. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To compare TCM with modern medicine. B．To teach people how to use TCM at home. C．To ask people to try both kinds of treatments. D．To introduce treatments and influence of TCM. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中医的治疗方法及其影响。 1．文章第一段介绍了中医的历史、特点及其与现代医学的区别，回答了“什么是中医”的问题。 2．文章第二段“if you cough, a TCM-trained doctor might give you warm tea made from natural herbs to soothe your pain”，结合语境，咳嗽时喝草药茶是为了“减轻”疼痛，选项C“reduce”意为“减少”，与soothe意思相近。 3．文章第四段第一句“TCM also pays much attention to people’s lifestyle and eating habits”，指出中医关注①饮食习惯和③人们的生活方式。 4．文章最后一段第二句“It teaches people to live in peace with nature”，指出中医遵循与自然和谐相处的理念。 5．文章分别介绍了中医的草药、针灸、生活方式建议及其在国内外的传播与影响，因此写作目的是介绍中医的治疗方法及其影响。 （四） （2026·湖北黄石·模拟预测）AI Tools to Help You Learn Better Nowadays, AI tools can help us with many things. Here are four useful AI tools for students. AI Tools Wenxin YigeDo you like drawing? This tool can turn your words into beautiful pictures. Just tell it what you want, like “a cute cat in a forest”, and it will draw one for you. It’s great for art lovers. DoubaoNeed help with your writing? Doubao is an all-around AI helper that can help you write emails, stories, or even school reports. It is free to use and works on your phone or computer. Youdao WritingWant to improve your English writing? Youdao Writing checks your English composition. It finds grammar and spelling mistakes, and tells you how to make your sentences better. It is especially good at finding problems that Chinese learners often make. SpeakGuruPracticing English speaking is easy with SpeakGuru. It talks with you like a real person, corrects your pronunciation, and gives you daily conversations to practice. It can even help you get ready for exams. These AI tools are fun and helpful. But remember, do not depend on them too much. You should always use your own brain and practice hard. AI is just a helper, not a replacer. 1．Which of the following can most probably be created by Wenxin Yige? A．B．C． D． 2．What can Doubao help you do according to the passage? A．Draw pictures. B．Write emails and reports. C．Check your pronunciation. D．Practice daily conversations. 3．Who needs to use SpeakGuru most probably? A．A boy writing an email. B．A teacher checking grammar. C．A girl afraid of speaking English. D．A student drawing a panda. 4．What does the writer advise us to do at the end? A．Use AI only as a helper. B．Use AI tools every day. C．Depend on AI completely. D．Stop practicing by yourself. 5．Where can you most probably read this passage? A．In a travel guidebook. B．In a cooking magazine. C．In a science fiction story. D．On a student learning website. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍四款适合学生使用的AI工具，分别介绍各工具功能，文末提醒学生合理使用AI，不能过度依赖。 1．根据第一段Wenxin Yige板块“This tool can turn your words into beautiful pictures.”可知，文心一格可以文字生成图片，对应带有小猫图画的图片选项B。 2．根据第一段Doubao板块“Doubao is an all-around AI helper that can help you write emails, stories, or even school reports.”可知，Doubao可以帮助写邮件、报告。 3．根据第一段SpeakGuru板块“It talks with you like a real person, corrects your pronunciation, and gives you daily conversations to practice.”可知，SpeakGuru用于英语口语练习，害怕说英语的女孩最需要它。 4．根据最后一段最后一句“AI is just a helper, not a replacer.”可知，作者建议我们只把AI当作辅助工具。 5．全文面向学生介绍学习类AI工具，文章受众为学生，最可能出现在学生学习网站上。 （五） （2026·湖北·二模）Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we should face today. Luckily, we are not alone in this fight. Scientists are now using artificial intelligence (AI) to develop new ways to protect our planet. One exciting project is happening in the Amazon rainforest. Researchers have set up AI-powered listening machines in the trees. These machines can recognize the sounds of illegal (非法的) cutting down trees. Before, by the time guards reached the area, it was often too late. Now, they can receive warnings at once and take action to stop the illegal activities. AI is also helping to reduce energy waste. In many modern cities, AI systems manage the traffic lights. By analyzing (分析) real-time traffic data (数据), these systems can change the timing of red and green lights to reduce the number of times cars have to stop and start. This keeps traffic moving smoothly and helps to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions from cars. Also, AI is a powerful tool for weather prediction (预测). Traditional weather reports can tell us it might rain next week, but AI can make these predictions much more accurate. It can analyze huge amounts of data from satellites and weather stations to model complex (复杂的) climate systems. This helps farmers plan their planting and harvesting better, and allows cities to prepare for awful weather events. However, AI is not a perfect way to solve problems. It requires a great amount of electricity to run the powerful computers behind it, which can itself be an environmental cost. The key, scientists say, is to use AI wisely—to use it for tasks that finally save more resources than the technology consumes (消耗). 1．What is the main purpose of the AI listening machines in the Amazon rainforest? A．To help guards cut down trees. B．To record the sounds of animals. C．To study different types of plants. D．To stop illegal cutting down activities. 2．The underlined word ”emissions“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．sounds that are made B．lights that are bright C．wastes that are produced D．energies that are saved 3．According to the passage, how can AI’s weather prediction help farmers? A．It can help them reduce energy waste. B．It can help them plan their farm work better. C．It can help them build more weather stations. D．It can help them prepare for cutting down trees. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To introduce a new kind of AI tool. B．To describe how AI uses electricity. C．To explain why AI is hard to develop. D．To show that AI also has its disadvantages. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Challenges from Climate Change B．AI Helps in Protecting the Planet C．Modern Solutions for Traffic Problems D．The Development of Artificial Intelligence 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述气候变化是当今巨大挑战，人们利用人工智能多种方式保护地球，同时也说明了人工智能存在一定弊端。 1．第二段指出研究内容：“These machines can recognize the sounds of illegal cutting down trees”，这直接说明雨林里人工智能监听设备用来制止非法砍伐活动。 2．第三段指出相关内容：“helps to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions from cars”，结合交通减排语境可知emissions指产生的排放物。 3．第四段明确内容：“This helps farmers plan their planting and harvesting better”，这说明人工智能天气预报能帮助农民更好规划农事劳作。 4．最后一段表明内容：“AI is not a perfect way to solve problems”，这表明作者本段意在说明人工智能也存在不足之处。 5．文章第一段提出主题“Scientists are now using artificial intelligence (AI) to develop new ways to protect our planet.”，随后列举了AI在雨林保护、交通管理、天气预测方面的应用及注意事项。全文围绕AI如何帮助保护地球展开。 （六）（2026·湖北黄石·二模） Staying Safe in a Lightning StormLightning can be dangerous. Here are some tips to stay safe. Outdoors 1. Check if thunderstorms are in the weather report. 2. Find a strong building or stay in a car with a hard roof (车顶). 3. Do not stand under trees that are alone in the middle of a field. 4. Do not stand under tall trees when there are shorter trees close by. 5. Do not stand near things that are made of metal.Indoors. 1. Close all the windows and doors. 2. Do not take a bath or shower. Stay away from water. 3. Turn off electrical appliances (电器), including computers and TVs.The Lightning Crouch (闪电躲避蹲姿) If you feel your skin tingles (刺痛) or your hair stands up, this could mean you are about to be hit by lightning. Get into the “Lightning Crouch”, Crouch down low and curl into a small ball. Put your hands on your knees and keep your head down. Try to be as small as you can, with very little touching the ground. DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND! 1．Which of the following is not safe in a lightning storm? a. Stand under trees.        b. take a shower. c. Lie on the ground.        d. Stand away from things that are made of metal. A．acd B．abc C．bcd D．abd 2．What can you do if you are indoors during a lightning storm? A．Take a shower. B．Play computers. C．Watch TV in the room. D．Stay away from the water. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Your knees can protect your head. B．You should put your hands on your head when there is lightning. C．Lying on the ground can prevent you from being hit by lightning. D．If you touch the ground less, you may not be hit by lightning. 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us the importance of lightning storms. B．To tell us the way to learn about lightning storms. C．To tell us how to protect ourselves during lightning storms. D．To tell us how lightning storms are formed. 5．The passage above may be ________. A．a story B．a novel C．a poster D．a speech 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在雷暴天气中如何保证自身安全。文章从户外、室内和闪电躲避蹲姿三个方面给出了具体的安全建议。 1．根据“Outdoors”部分第3点“Do not stand under trees”和第4点关于树的内容，以及“Indoors”部分第2点“Do not take a bath or shower”，最后一段“DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND”，可知站在树下、洗澡、躺在地上都是不安全的。 2．根据“Indoors”部分第2点“Stay away from water”，可知在室内雷暴时应远离水。A项“Take a shower”与建议相反，B项“Play computers”和C项“Watch TV”属于第3点应关闭的电器。故答案为D。 3．根据最后一段“Try to be as small as you can, with very little touching the ground”和“DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND”，可知接触地面越少，可能越安全。D项“If you touch the ground less, you may not be hit by lightning.”符合文意。 4．通读全文，文章从户外、室内和特殊姿势三个方面介绍了雷暴天气中的安全注意事项，旨在告诉读者如何保护自己。 5．本文以标题“Staying Safe in a Lightning Storm”开头，内容分多个小标题列出安全建议，语言简洁明了，适合张贴在公告栏或教室墙面。 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $