专题16 Unit 5 The power of plants 课文讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新七年级英语暑期预习系列（外研版）

专题16 Unit 5 The power of plants 课文讲解（暑假讲义） 一．单词学习 1.within /wiðˈɪn/ prep. 在（建筑或地区）里 without 没有 2.quarter /ˈkwɔːtə/ n. 一刻钟，十五分钟 3.workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 车间，工场 4.leaf /liːf/ n. 叶，叶子 leave v.离开 leaves （三单，树叶的复数） 5.each /iːtʃ/ det. （两个或两个以上物或人中的）每个，各 each other 相互 6.collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集；使集中 7.root /ruːt/ n. 根 8，send /send/ v. 送出，发出 9.rise /raɪz/ v. 升高，上升 10.stem /stem/ n. （植物的）茎，梗，柄 11.mix /mɪks/ v. （使）混合 12.produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. （自然地）生产，产生，出产 13.sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ n. 糖 14.product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. （自然过程或化学反应的）生成物 15.oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧 16.human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人类；人 11.though /ðəʊ/ adv. 可是，不过，然而 12.breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸 13.soon /suːn/ adv. 不久，即刻，很快 14.dark /daɪk/ adj. 昏暗的；黑暗的 darkness n.黑夜 -ness 名词后缀 15.rest /rest/ n. 休息（时间） 16.natural /ˈnætʃərəl/ adj. 自然的，天然的 nature n.自然 17.seed /siːd/ n. 种子，籽 18.grow /ɡrəʊ/ v. 生长 19.part /paɪt/ n. 部分 take part in 参加 20.rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrist/ n. （热带）雨林 rain 雨 forest n.森林 21.culture /ˈkʌltʃə/ n. 文化 cultural adj.文化的 22.corn silk 玉米须 23.health /helθ/ n. 健康（状况） 24.rose /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 25.cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉花 26.bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ n. 竹，竹子 27.popular /ˈpɒpjələ/ adj. 受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的 28.key /kiː/ adj. 至关重要的；必不可少的 be key to ...对...重要 29.news /njuːz/ n. 消息 30.prefer /priˈfɜː/ v. 更喜欢 prefer A to B 喜欢A多于B 31.coffee /ˈkɒfi/ n. 咖啡 32.secret /ˈsɪkɪnt/ n. 秘密 keep secret 保密 33.husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ n. 丈夫 34.adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成人，成年人 35.weekend /ˌwɪkˈend/ n. 周末 36.chat /tʃæt/ v. 闲聊，闲谈，聊天 37.relax /rɪˈlæks/ v. 放松，休息 relaxed 人对...感到放松 relaxing adj 令人放松的 38.yard /jɑːd/ n. 庭院 39.biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ n. 饼干 40.connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 沟通；连接 connection n. 连接 二．课文学习1 Understanding ideas Within a Plant It's quarter past seven. Here's Worker No. 55 in his green uniform. He's going to start work in the plant. He works in Workshop 1001 in the Leaf. There are 20 to 100 workers in each workshop. They collect sunlight and CO₂ during the day. Now workers from the Root send up water. The water will rise up to the Leaf through the Stem.Then workers in the Leaf will mix water, CO₂ and sunlight. What are they going to produce? Most importantly(for them), there will be sugar! It's useful for the growth of the plant. Another product will be oxygen, but the plant doesn't need much of it. It means a lot to animals and humans, though - they need it to breathe! The workers work hard. Soon it's going to get dark. They will take a rest. There are millions of plants on earth. They give more than food and oxygen. Without plants, the natural world would be very different! 现在是七点一刻。这是55号工人，穿着他的绿色制服。他即将开始在工厂里工作。他在叶子上的1001号车间工作。每个车间里有20到100名工人。他们在白天收集阳光和二氧化碳。现在，根部的工人们正在送水上来。水将通过茎上升到叶子。然后叶子上的工人们将混合水、二氧化碳和阳光。他们将要生产什么？对他们来说最重要的是糖！这对植物的生长很有用。另一个产品将是氧气，但植物并不需要太多氧气。尽管如此，这对动物和人类意义重大——它们需要氧气来呼吸！工人们辛勤工作。很快天就要黑了。他们将休息一会儿。地球上有数以百万计的植物。它们提供的不仅仅是食物和氧气。没有植物，自然界将会大不相同！ 课内知识解析 1. It’s quarter past seven. 现在是七点一刻。 quarter /ˈkwɔ:tə/ n. 一刻钟，十五分钟 He arrived after a quarter.他一刻钟以后到了。 ［名词］四等份之一 Three quarters（表示“四分之三” ）of our classmates are good at basketball.我们四分之三的同学擅长篮球运动。 2.collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集；使集中 ［及物动词］其后可直接跟宾语。 collect sth. (from sb.) （从某人那里）收集某物 I like collecting stamps, and I often collect them from my classmates.我喜欢收集邮票，我经常从我的同学那里收集邮票。 【语境串记】 The old man is a great collector. He likes collecting all kinds of vases. He has a large collection.这位老人是一位伟大的收藏家。他喜欢收集各种花瓶。他的收藏品很丰富。 3.root /ru:t/ n.根 I pulled the plant up by the roots.我把这棵植物连根拔起。 ［可数名词］根源；起因 通常用单数形式。 We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。 4.send /send/ v. 送出，发出 ［及物动词］其后可接双宾语。 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 Please send me an email.=Please send an email to me.请给我发一封电子邮件。 The letter is important. Please send it to Jack.这封信很重要。请把它寄给杰克。 ［动词］派遣；打发 send sb. to do sth. 派遣/打发某人做某事 I sent Peter to buy some milk.我叫彼得去买些牛奶。 5.rise /raɪz/ v.升高，上升 ［不及物动词］升起；增长 表示主语在位置上升高、数量或价值等方面增加，比如太阳的升起、价格的上涨、温度的上升等。 The sun rises from the east.太阳从东边升起。 (1) [不及物动词]起床 He rises from his bed quickly.他迅速从床上爬起来。 (2) [可数名词]增加；提高 There was a rise in food prices at that time.那时食品价格上涨了。 (3) raise[及物动词]举起；使升高 后面一定要有宾语。 We are raising the national flag and the sun is rising. 我们正在升国旗，太阳正在升起。 6.mix /mɪks/ v.（使）混合，拌和 7.rest /rest/ n. 休息（时间） take/have a rest 休息 I’m going upstairs to take a rest. 我要上楼去休息了。 （1）［不及物动词］放松；休息 If you’re tired, you can stop and rest for a while.你如果累了，可以停下来歇一会儿。 （2）［及物动词］其后跟表示身体部位的名词，表示“歇歇……”。 I need to sit down and rest my feet.我需要坐下来歇歇脚。 （3）［名词］剩余部分 Take what you want and throw the rest away.把你想要的拿走，其余的丢掉。 The rest of the apples are for you.剩余的苹果是给你的。 8.natural /ˈnætʃərəl/ adj.自然的，天然的 ［形容词］通常在句中作定语。 natural resources/beauty/environment自然资源/美景/环境 We should protect the natural resources. 我们应该保护自然资源。 We can enjoy the natural beauty in the mountains.我们可以欣赏大山里的自然美景。 （1）natural ［形容词］天生的；本能的 It’s natural for people to wonder and worry about opinions of others.好奇和关心别人的想法是人的天性。 （2）nature ［不可数名词］大自然 Sometimes, he would stop to enjoy the beauty of nature. 有时他会停下来欣赏大自然的美景。（营口中考） （3）naturally ［副词］自然地 Naturally enough, she wanted her child to grow up fit and strong.很自然，她希望自己的孩子健康茁壮地成长。 9.enter /ˈentə/ v. 进入 相当于go/come into，通常不用于被动语态。 When the teacher entered（=came into） the classroom, all the students stopped talking.当老师进入教室时，所有的学生都停止说话了。 （1）enter［动词］考上（学校或大学） Wang Lei is looking forward to entering the best high school in September.王磊期待着在九月考上最好的高中。 （2）enter［动词］报名参加 Linda will enter a writing competition.琳达将报名参加写作比赛。 （3）enter［动词］输入（信息） —Jack, tell me how to enter the information. 杰克，告诉我怎么输入这些信息。 —All right, Grandma. You can type it on this keyboard. 好的，奶奶。你可以在这个键盘上打字。 （4）entrance［名词］入口 Let’s meet at the entrance of the cinema.我们在电影院的入口处见面吧。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. There are many ______ (云) in the sky. 2. Welcome to the Great Bear ______ (热带雨林) in Canada! 3. Don't let others ______ (影响) your final decision. 4. Don't forget to wear a ______ (雨衣) when you go out. It's raining hard outside. 5. Please tell us about this country's ______ (气候). 6. Potatoes g______ very well in direct sunlight. 7. The s______ always welcomes the sun. That's why it gets its name. 8. We planted a tomato s______ in the soil. 9. I want to go swimming on Sunday. It is my o______ idea. 10. Can we go s______ warm? It's too cold here. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. This tree can live for ______ (thousand) of years. 2. Birds like ______ (anywhere) warm. They don't like cold places. 3. Lu Xun's writing still ______ (influence) millions of people in China. 4. The boy ______ (grow) up so fast under his mother's protection(保护). 5. One of the famous ______ (rainforest) is the Amazon Rainforest in South America. 6. The plane is flying above the ______ (cloud) most of the way. 7. The ______ (sunflower) turn towards the sun. 8. These vegetables can be grown from ______ (seed). 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 我们在山顶看了日出。它的美丽使我们放松。 We saw the sunrise ______ ______ ______ ______ the mountain. Its beauty made us relaxed. 2. 她无法忍受噪声。她想找个安静的地方。 She can't stand the noise. She wants to find ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 未来将会有更少的污染。 ______ ______ ______ ______ less pollution in the future. 4. 不是所有的孩子都擅长独立思考。 Not all children are good at thinking ______ ______ ______. 5. 琳达打算查看她的电子邮件。 Linda ______ ______ ______ ______ check her email. 三．课文学习2 Reading for writing What's Your Cup of Tea? What is the most popular drink in the world after water? The answer is tea. It is not only good for our health, but also a key part of many cultures. What does tea mean to you? Feng Tao In Chengdu, we have as many teahouses as leaves in a cup of tea! Grandpa used to take me to the teahouse. He and his friends drank tea and shared their news. Now I study abroad. Most of my classmates prefer coffee, but I will always choose green tea. It's more than a drink for me. A cup of warm tea always makes me feel like I'm back home. Emma Jones It's no secret that Brits love afternoon tea. But actually, we drink tea all day. My husband can drink eight cups a day! When my kids were young, I always made tea for them after school. Now they're adults, but they come back every weekend. We chat and relax in the yard with black tea and biscuits. It's our way of connecting. 你最喜欢的茶是什么？世界上除了水之外最受欢迎的饮料是什么？答案是茶。茶不仅有益健康，还是许多文化的重要组成部分。茶对你意味着什么呢？ 冯涛2023年2月16日在成都，茶馆的数量就如同一杯茶中的茶叶那么多！爷爷过去常带我去茶馆。他和他的朋友们喝茶，分享新闻。现在我在国外学习。我的大多数同学更喜欢咖啡，但我总是选择绿茶。对我来说，它不仅仅是一种饮料。一杯温暖的茶总让我感觉像是回到了家。 艾玛·琼斯2023年2月16日不秘密，英国人喜欢下午茶。但实际上，我们整天都喝茶。我丈夫一天可以喝八杯！当孩子们还小的时候，放学后我总是给他们泡茶。现在他们都成年了，但每个周末他们都会回来。我们一边喝着红茶吃饼干，一边在院子里聊天放松。这是我们连接的方式。 课内知识解析 1.What’s your cup of tea? 你最喜欢的茶是什么？ one’s cup of tea 某人感兴趣的东西；对胃口的事物 多用于口语。句中的cup of tea使用了双关的修辞手法，既可指一杯茶，也可指感兴趣的生活方式和文化。 Reading novels is my cup of tea. 我喜欢看小说。 2.popular /ˈpɒpjələ/ adj.受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的 既可作定语，又可作表语。 get/become popular 变得受欢迎/流行 be popular with/among受……欢迎 His success also made table tennis popular in China.他的成功也使乒乓球在中国流行起来。（宜宾中考） The app about how to learn Chinese is very popular among the foreigners.有关如何学习汉语的应用软件很受外国人欢迎。 3.health /helθ / n. 健康（状况） ［不可数名词］be in good/poor health身体好/差 Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.吃太多不健康的食物会损害你的健康。 My grandma is in good health.我祖母身体很好。 4.key /ki:/ adj.至关重要的；必不可少的；关键的 ［形容词］既可作表语，又可作定语。 Good communication is key to our success.良好的沟通是我们成功的关键。 Let’s move on to our next key point.我们来看看下一个关键点。 （1）［可数名词］钥匙 复数形式为keys。 the key to... ……的钥匙 a set of keys 一串钥匙 （2）［名词］答案 the key to the question 问题的答案 （3）［名词］键 the return key 回车键 piano keys 钢琴键 5.not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 表达并列关系的句型，用于强调两个或多个并列的信息或事实。结构中的also可以省略。 She not only studies hard in class, but also reads many books after class. 她不仅课上努力学习，课后还读很多书。 （1）当not only位于句首时，其后的部分要用倒装语序。 Not only do they look beautiful, but they can lift our health in body。它们不仅看起来很漂亮，而且可以提高我们的身体健康。 （2）当连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 6.more than 不仅仅；超过 She is more than a friend to me. She is my family. 对我来说，她不仅仅是朋友，还是家人。 7.chat /tʃæt/ v.闲聊，聊天 n.闲聊，闲谈，聊天 （1）［不及物动词］ 闲聊，聊天 chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 chat about sb./sth. 聊起某人/某事 He doesn’t know how to chat with others. 他不知道如何和别人聊天。 They often chat about their hobbies. 他们经常聊他们的爱好。 （2）［可数名词］ have a chat with sb. = chat with sb. 与某人聊天 It is fun having a chat with you (=chatting with you). 跟你聊天很有趣。 8.connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 联结，（使）连接 connect...to... 把……和……相连接 connect...with... 把……和……相连接；把……和……联系起来 Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality.行动是将我们的梦想和目标与现实连接起来的桥梁。 connection ［名词］连接；联系 What is the connection between the two ideas?这两个想法之间有什么联系？ 随堂训练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Our classmates all think the pen is really ______ (amaze). 2. Let's see what ______ (happen) next week. 3. A picture of ______ (flower) is on the wall. 4. The ______ (fact) tell us that this is not true. 5. This is a map of the ______ (world). 6. There are a lot of ______ (people) at the party. 7. All ______ (plant) need light and water. 8. What are you going ______ (do) this evening? 9. She is from the UK, but she can ______ (speak) Chinese. 10. Why was the ______ (work) late to work this morning? 三、补全对话 A: Nice to meet you! B: Nice to meet you, too! 1. ______? A: I'm from China. B: Oh, I like Chinese food very much. 2. ______? A: We have baozi, eggs and porridge (粥) for breakfast. B: Sounds good. Do you have lunch at school? A: 3. ______. It's fun to have lunch with my classmates. B: I think so. 4. ______? A: I like rice and chicken best. What about you? B: My favourite food is vegetable salad. A: 5. ______? B: Because it is healthy. 综合训练 一．完形填空 There is a big and beautiful farm in the countryside. It has a lot of green fields and tall trees around it. When you walk into the 1 , you can see many colorful flowers in the garden. 2 smell so good! There are many different kinds of crops (庄稼) 3 on the farm. You can see yellow wheat, green vegetables, and red tomatoes. The farmers work 4 to grow these crops. There are also many 5 on the farm. You can see cows eating grass in the fields, chickens 6 around, and horses standing in their stalls (马厩). They make happy sounds and 7 life to the farm. 8 the sun sets, the sky turns pink, orange, and gold. The farm looks 9 with the warm sunlight on it. It’s a wonderful place. A big and beautiful farm is a place where 10 and hard work meet. It’s a happy and peaceful place for everyone. 1．A．farm B．school C．park D．city 2．A．We B．You C．They D．I 3．A．dancing B．greeting C．playing D．growing 4．A．easily B．hard C．slowly D．quickly 5．A．plants B．animals C．insects D．farmers 6．A．running B．sitting C．sleeping D．flying 7．A．change B．send C．make D．bring 8．A．Before B．But C．When D．And 9．A．common B．magical C．similar D．dirty 10．A．nature B．culture C．sport D．music 2． 语法理解 （1） Why are Onions Amazing? Onions are round and come in different colors like white, yellow and red. They have a strong smell and taste. When we cut them, they can make our eyes water. Many people enjoy eating them, but they are more than tasty; they are useful as well. High in vitamins, onions do good to our bodies and help us stay healthy. How do People Use Apples? People grow apple trees all over the world. They are the most common (普遍的) type of trees in the rose family (蔷薇科). Apples can be eaten in many ways. You can drink apple juice, eat them in salads, bake them in pies. People use different ways to keep apples fresh. Apples can be canned, dried, or frozen. Apple juice is often made into a tasty liquid (液体) and then frozen. ________________ Do you like potatoes? They are in fries, chips and mashed potatoes! When you hear someone say “tomatoes is the mother of potato,” it may sound like a funny mistake. You may think it’s strange——potatoes look different from tomatoes. In fact, they are from the same plant family. It’s like they are cousins from the same big family. This family also includes other plants like peppers and eggplants. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Fruits. B．Travel. C．Plants. D．Sports. 2．Why do people like eating onions? A．They have different colors. B．They make people grow tall. C．They make people cry. D．They are good for our body. 3．Which question CANNOT be answered in the second news? A．What is apples’ family? B．How can we eat apples? C．Why do people make apple juice? D．How can we store (存储) apples? 4．The best title for the third news would be “________”. A．Why is it strange? B．What is tomatoes’ family? C．Where are potatoes from? D．How can we eat potatoes? 5．What does the three news tell us? A．Special things about food. B．Exciting stories about plants. C．People like eating fruits. D．Great tastes about food. （2） ①Most people know that trees are good for us. They give us shade on sunny days and make our world beautiful with their green leaves. But trees do much more than that. They also help to make the air around us clean and healthy, which is very important for everyone. ②First, trees take in bad air and give out good air. The good air is called oxygen (氧气). We need oxygen to breathe (呼吸) and stay healthy every day. Trees make this happen quietly, all year round. They are like nature’s air cleaners. ③Second, trees can stop dust (灰尘) and small dirty things in the air. Their leaves are like small nets that catch these things. When dust comes with the wind, it gets stuck on the leaves. Later, when it rains, the water washes the dust away. This helps to keep the air clean for us to breathe. ④Third, trees can make the air cooler on hot days. When the sun is strong, trees give out water from their leaves into the air. This makes the air around them feel fresh and cool. It is nicer to walk under trees in summer because of this. ⑤Planting trees is an easy and useful way to help our Earth. Trees work hard every day to clean the air for us. We can plant trees in our school, in parks, or near our homes. Let’s plant more trees and take good care of them, because they take good care of us. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why trees are beautiful. B．How trees help clean the air. C．Where to plant trees. D．What trees eat. 2．What do trees give out that we need to breathe? A．Dust. B．Shade. C．Oxygen. D．Water. 3．Why does the writer talk about “hot days” in Paragraph 4? A．To tell us to drink more water. B．To explain how trees help us feel cooler. C．To say trees need more sun in summer. D．To show that trees grow better in hot weather. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Trees are only useful in parks. B．Trees can help us save money. C．Planting trees is good for people and the Earth. D．Trees make the air hotter in summer. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A．①-②③④-⑤ B．①②-③④-⑤ C．①②③-④⑤ D．①-②③④⑤ 三．语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯，每空一词。 Bamboo is one of the most useful (有用的) plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is 1 kind of grass. There are more than 500 2 (difference) kinds of bamboos in China. Some are tall, but some 3 (be) not. This plant grows well in warm places. It 4 (come) in a lot of colors, from yellow to black. The Chinese people are very good 5 using bamboo. They use it to make many things, such as boxes and cooking tools (工具). They even use it to build buildings because it is 6 (real) strong. They also use it to make paper. A lot of Chinese singers write beautiful songs about bamboo, 7 many artists draw it in pictures. Now, farmers in many poor countries are 8 (learn) how to find water by using bamboo. These farmers need many easy 9 (way) to get water because they have little money, and their crops can’t live without rain or water. Bamboo can help 10 (they) bring water to their crops (庄稼) without spending much money. 四．选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in beautiful so animal have health get water they sunlight It’s great fun to grow a garden. To have a(n) 1 garden, you need to think carefully. Does your garden get enough (足够的) sunlight? Most plants need a lot of 2 to grow well. Is it easy to water the plants 3 your garden? Plants need water to grow well and keep 4 . Usually, the rain waters plants, but sometimes the garden 5 dry because there isn’t enough rain. If so, you need to make sure there’s enough 6 . What else do you need to do to take good care of your garden? Think about 7 , such as wild rabbits and birds. They will get into the garden and eat your plants, 8 you need to make a fence (篱笆). It can help keep 9 away from your garden. At last, don’t forget (忘记) that growing a garden is about 10 fun. You should enjoy growing it and looking after it. 五．任务型阅读 Imagine your school has a garden. You can plant vegetables there. Sounds cool, doesn’t it? The students at Xinghuo Middle School already get to do this. They plant vegetables in their school garden. The science teacher Ms. Wang has a vegetable garden in the school. The students plant vegetable seeds (种子) in the garden in spring. They water and watch the vegetables grow. They get the vegetables in autumn. What great fun it is! The school garden is a good place for them to learn the ways to grow plants. Some Grade Seven students plant about 5 garlic (大蒜) seeds in the garden. They want to know how things like soil (土壤) and water affect (影响) the garlic’s growth. Li Yufei is one of the Grade Seven students. She likes working in the school garden. “It is good for us to eat vegetables in different colors. I am happy to pick all kinds of colorful vegetables here,” she says. Why do vegetables have different colors? Actually, colors don’t just make vegetables look good. Vegetables in different colors give different vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质). Every day, if you eat vegetables in different colors, you will become very healthy. 根据语篇内容，回答问题。(每小题答案不超过5个词) 1．At Xinghuo Middle School, what do the students plant in the school garden? 2．When do they plant vegetable seeds in the garden? 3．How many garlic seeds do some students in Grade 7 plant in the garden? 4．Who likes working in the school garden? 5．Do colorful vegetables give vitamins and minerals? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题16 Unit 5 The power of plants 课文讲解（暑假讲义） 一．单词学习 1.within /wiðˈɪn/ prep. 在（建筑或地区）里 without 没有 2.quarter /ˈkwɔːtə/ n. 一刻钟，十五分钟 3.workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 车间，工场 4.leaf /liːf/ n. 叶，叶子 leave v.离开 leaves （三单，树叶的复数） 5.each /iːtʃ/ det. （两个或两个以上物或人中的）每个，各 each other 相互 6.collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集；使集中 7.root /ruːt/ n. 根 8，send /send/ v. 送出，发出 9.rise /raɪz/ v. 升高，上升 10.stem /stem/ n. （植物的）茎，梗，柄 11.mix /mɪks/ v. （使）混合 12.produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. （自然地）生产，产生，出产 13.sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ n. 糖 14.product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. （自然过程或化学反应的）生成物 15.oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧 16.human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人类；人 11.though /ðəʊ/ adv. 可是，不过，然而 12.breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸 13.soon /suːn/ adv. 不久，即刻，很快 14.dark /daɪk/ adj. 昏暗的；黑暗的 darkness n.黑夜 -ness 名词后缀 15.rest /rest/ n. 休息（时间） 16.natural /ˈnætʃərəl/ adj. 自然的，天然的 nature n.自然 17.seed /siːd/ n. 种子，籽 18.grow /ɡrəʊ/ v. 生长 19.part /paɪt/ n. 部分 take part in 参加 20.rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrist/ n. （热带）雨林 rain 雨 forest n.森林 21.culture /ˈkʌltʃə/ n. 文化 cultural adj.文化的 22.corn silk 玉米须 23.health /helθ/ n. 健康（状况） 24.rose /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 25.cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉花 26.bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ n. 竹，竹子 27.popular /ˈpɒpjələ/ adj. 受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的 28.key /kiː/ adj. 至关重要的；必不可少的 be key to ...对...重要 29.news /njuːz/ n. 消息 30.prefer /priˈfɜː/ v. 更喜欢 prefer A to B 喜欢A多于B 31.coffee /ˈkɒfi/ n. 咖啡 32.secret /ˈsɪkɪnt/ n. 秘密 keep secret 保密 33.husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ n. 丈夫 34.adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成人，成年人 35.weekend /ˌwɪkˈend/ n. 周末 36.chat /tʃæt/ v. 闲聊，闲谈，聊天 37.relax /rɪˈlæks/ v. 放松，休息 relaxed 人对...感到放松 relaxing adj 令人放松的 38.yard /jɑːd/ n. 庭院 39.biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ n. 饼干 40.connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 沟通；连接 connection n. 连接 二．课文学习1 Understanding ideas Within a Plant It's quarter past seven. Here's Worker No. 55 in his green uniform. He's going to start work in the plant. He works in Workshop 1001 in the Leaf. There are 20 to 100 workers in each workshop. They collect sunlight and CO₂ during the day. Now workers from the Root send up water. The water will rise up to the Leaf through the Stem.Then workers in the Leaf will mix water, CO₂ and sunlight. What are they going to produce? Most importantly(for them), there will be sugar! It's useful for the growth of the plant. Another product will be oxygen, but the plant doesn't need much of it. It means a lot to animals and humans, though - they need it to breathe! The workers work hard. Soon it's going to get dark. They will take a rest. There are millions of plants on earth. They give more than food and oxygen. Without plants, the natural world would be very different! 现在是七点一刻。这是55号工人，穿着他的绿色制服。他即将开始在工厂里工作。他在叶子上的1001号车间工作。每个车间里有20到100名工人。他们在白天收集阳光和二氧化碳。现在，根部的工人们正在送水上来。水将通过茎上升到叶子。然后叶子上的工人们将混合水、二氧化碳和阳光。他们将要生产什么？对他们来说最重要的是糖！这对植物的生长很有用。另一个产品将是氧气，但植物并不需要太多氧气。尽管如此，这对动物和人类意义重大——它们需要氧气来呼吸！工人们辛勤工作。很快天就要黑了。他们将休息一会儿。地球上有数以百万计的植物。它们提供的不仅仅是食物和氧气。没有植物，自然界将会大不相同！ 课内知识解析 1. It’s quarter past seven. 现在是七点一刻。 quarter /ˈkwɔ:tə/ n. 一刻钟，十五分钟 He arrived after a quarter.他一刻钟以后到了。 ［名词］四等份之一 Three quarters（表示“四分之三” ）of our classmates are good at basketball.我们四分之三的同学擅长篮球运动。 2.collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集；使集中 ［及物动词］其后可直接跟宾语。 collect sth. (from sb.) （从某人那里）收集某物 I like collecting stamps, and I often collect them from my classmates.我喜欢收集邮票，我经常从我的同学那里收集邮票。 【语境串记】 The old man is a great collector. He likes collecting all kinds of vases. He has a large collection.这位老人是一位伟大的收藏家。他喜欢收集各种花瓶。他的收藏品很丰富。 3.root /ru:t/ n.根 I pulled the plant up by the roots.我把这棵植物连根拔起。 ［可数名词］根源；起因 通常用单数形式。 We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。 4.send /send/ v. 送出，发出 ［及物动词］其后可接双宾语。 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 Please send me an email.=Please send an email to me.请给我发一封电子邮件。 The letter is important. Please send it to Jack.这封信很重要。请把它寄给杰克。 ［动词］派遣；打发 send sb. to do sth. 派遣/打发某人做某事 I sent Peter to buy some milk.我叫彼得去买些牛奶。 5.rise /raɪz/ v.升高，上升 ［不及物动词］升起；增长 表示主语在位置上升高、数量或价值等方面增加，比如太阳的升起、价格的上涨、温度的上升等。 The sun rises from the east.太阳从东边升起。 (1) [不及物动词]起床 He rises from his bed quickly.他迅速从床上爬起来。 (2) [可数名词]增加；提高 There was a rise in food prices at that time.那时食品价格上涨了。 (3) raise[及物动词]举起；使升高 后面一定要有宾语。 We are raising the national flag and the sun is rising. 我们正在升国旗，太阳正在升起。 6.mix /mɪks/ v.（使）混合，拌和 7.rest /rest/ n. 休息（时间） take/have a rest 休息 I’m going upstairs to take a rest. 我要上楼去休息了。 （1）［不及物动词］放松；休息 If you’re tired, you can stop and rest for a while.你如果累了，可以停下来歇一会儿。 （2）［及物动词］其后跟表示身体部位的名词，表示“歇歇……”。 I need to sit down and rest my feet.我需要坐下来歇歇脚。 （3）［名词］剩余部分 the rest of... 剩余的…… Take what you want and throw the rest away.把你想要的拿走，其余的丢掉。 The rest of the apples are for you.剩余的苹果是给你的。 8.natural /ˈnætʃərəl/ adj.自然的，天然的 ［形容词］通常在句中作定语。 natural resources/beauty/environment自然资源/美景/环境 We should protect the natural resources. 我们应该保护自然资源。 We can enjoy the natural beauty in the mountains.我们可以欣赏大山里的自然美景。 （1）natural ［形容词］天生的；本能的 It’s natural for people to wonder and worry about opinions of others.好奇和关心别人的想法是人的天性。 （2）nature ［不可数名词］大自然 Sometimes, he would stop to enjoy the beauty of nature. 有时他会停下来欣赏大自然的美景。（营口中考） （3）naturally ［副词］自然地 Naturally enough, she wanted her child to grow up fit and strong.很自然，她希望自己的孩子健康茁壮地成长。 9.enter /ˈentə/ v. 进入 相当于go/come into，通常不用于被动语态。 When the teacher entered（=came into） the classroom, all the students stopped talking.当老师进入教室时，所有的学生都停止说话了。 （1）enter［动词］考上（学校或大学） Wang Lei is looking forward to entering the best high school in September.王磊期待着在九月考上最好的高中。 （2）enter［动词］报名参加 Linda will enter a writing competition.琳达将报名参加写作比赛。 （3）enter［动词］输入（信息） —Jack, tell me how to enter the information. 杰克，告诉我怎么输入这些信息。 —All right, Grandma. You can type it on this keyboard. 好的，奶奶。你可以在这个键盘上打字。 （4）entrance［名词］入口 Let’s meet at the entrance of the cinema.我们在电影院的入口处见面吧。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. There are many ______ (云) in the sky. 2. Welcome to the Great Bear ______ (热带雨林) in Canada! 3. Don't let others ______ (影响) your final decision. 4. Don't forget to wear a ______ (雨衣) when you go out. It's raining hard outside. 5. Please tell us about this country's ______ (气候). 6. Potatoes g______ very well in direct sunlight. 7. The s______ always welcomes the sun. That's why it gets its name. 8. We planted a tomato s______ in the soil. 9. I want to go swimming on Sunday. It is my o______ idea. 10. Can we go s______ warm? It's too cold here. 【答案】1. clouds 2. Rainforest 3. influence 4. raincoat 5. climate 6. grow 7. sunflower 8. seed 9. own 10. somewhere 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. This tree can live for ______ (thousand) of years. 2. Birds like ______ (anywhere) warm. They don't like cold places. 3. Lu Xun's writing still ______ (influence) millions of people in China. 4. The boy ______ (grow) up so fast under his mother's protection(保护). 5. One of the famous ______ (rainforest) is the Amazon Rainforest in South America. 6. The plane is flying above the ______ (cloud) most of the way. 7. The ______ (sunflower) turn towards the sun. 8. These vegetables can be grown from ______ (seed). 【答案】1. thousands 2. somewhere 3. influences 4. grows 5. rainforests 6. clouds 7. sunflowers 8. seeds 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 我们在山顶看了日出。它的美丽使我们放松。 We saw the sunrise ______ ______ ______ ______ the mountain. Its beauty made us relaxed. 2. 她无法忍受噪声。她想找个安静的地方。 She can't stand the noise. She wants to find ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 未来将会有更少的污染。 ______ ______ ______ ______ less pollution in the future. 4. 不是所有的孩子都擅长独立思考。 Not all children are good at thinking ______ ______ ______. 5. 琳达打算查看她的电子邮件。 Linda ______ ______ ______ ______ check her email. 【答案】1. at the top of 2. somewhere quiet 3. There will be 4. on their own 5. is going to 三．课文学习2 Reading for writing What's Your Cup of Tea? What is the most popular drink in the world after water? The answer is tea. It is not only good for our health, but also a key part of many cultures. What does tea mean to you? Feng Tao In Chengdu, we have as many teahouses as leaves in a cup of tea! Grandpa used to take me to the teahouse. He and his friends drank tea and shared their news. Now I study abroad. Most of my classmates prefer coffee, but I will always choose green tea. It's more than a drink for me. A cup of warm tea always makes me feel like I'm back home. Emma Jones It's no secret that Brits love afternoon tea. But actually, we drink tea all day. My husband can drink eight cups a day! When my kids were young, I always made tea for them after school. Now they're adults, but they come back every weekend. We chat and relax in the yard with black tea and biscuits. It's our way of connecting. 你最喜欢的茶是什么？世界上除了水之外最受欢迎的饮料是什么？答案是茶。茶不仅有益健康，还是许多文化的重要组成部分。茶对你意味着什么呢？ 冯涛2023年2月16日在成都，茶馆的数量就如同一杯茶中的茶叶那么多！爷爷过去常带我去茶馆。他和他的朋友们喝茶，分享新闻。现在我在国外学习。我的大多数同学更喜欢咖啡，但我总是选择绿茶。对我来说，它不仅仅是一种饮料。一杯温暖的茶总让我感觉像是回到了家。 艾玛·琼斯2023年2月16日不秘密，英国人喜欢下午茶。但实际上，我们整天都喝茶。我丈夫一天可以喝八杯！当孩子们还小的时候，放学后我总是给他们泡茶。现在他们都成年了，但每个周末他们都会回来。我们一边喝着红茶吃饼干，一边在院子里聊天放松。这是我们连接的方式。 课内知识解析 1.What’s your cup of tea? 你最喜欢的茶是什么？ one’s cup of tea 某人感兴趣的东西；对胃口的事物 多用于口语。句中的cup of tea使用了双关的修辞手法，既可指一杯茶，也可指感兴趣的生活方式和文化。 Reading novels is my cup of tea. 我喜欢看小说。 2.popular /ˈpɒpjələ/ adj.受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的 既可作定语，又可作表语。 get/become popular 变得受欢迎/流行 be popular with/among受……欢迎 His success also made table tennis popular in China.他的成功也使乒乓球在中国流行起来。（宜宾中考） The app about how to learn Chinese is very popular among the foreigners.有关如何学习汉语的应用软件很受外国人欢迎。 3.health /helθ / n. 健康（状况） ［不可数名词］be in good/poor health身体好/差 Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.吃太多不健康的食物会损害你的健康。 My grandma is in good health.我祖母身体很好。 4.key /ki:/ adj.至关重要的；必不可少的；关键的 ［形容词］既可作表语，又可作定语。 Good communication is key to our success.良好的沟通是我们成功的关键。 Let’s move on to our next key point.我们来看看下一个关键点。 （1）［可数名词］钥匙 复数形式为keys。 the key to... ……的钥匙 a set of keys 一串钥匙 （2）［名词］答案 the key to the question 问题的答案 （3）［名词］键 the return key 回车键 piano keys 钢琴键 5.not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 表达并列关系的句型，用于强调两个或多个并列的信息或事实。结构中的also可以省略。 She not only studies hard in class, but also reads many books after class. 她不仅课上努力学习，课后还读很多书。 （1）当not only位于句首时，其后的部分要用倒装语序。 Not only do they look beautiful, but they can lift our health in body。它们不仅看起来很漂亮，而且可以提高我们的身体健康。 （2）当连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 6.more than 不仅仅；超过 She is more than a friend to me. She is my family. 对我来说，她不仅仅是朋友，还是家人。 7.chat /tʃæt/ v.闲聊，聊天 n.闲聊，闲谈，聊天 （1）［不及物动词］ 闲聊，聊天 chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 chat about sb./sth. 聊起某人/某事 He doesn’t know how to chat with others. 他不知道如何和别人聊天。 They often chat about their hobbies. 他们经常聊他们的爱好。 （2）［可数名词］ have a chat with sb. = chat with sb. 与某人聊天 It is fun having a chat with you (=chatting with you). 跟你聊天很有趣。 8.connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 联结，（使）连接 connect...to... 把……和……相连接 connect...with... 把……和……相连接；把……和……联系起来 Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality.行动是将我们的梦想和目标与现实连接起来的桥梁。 connection ［名词］连接；联系 What is the connection between the two ideas?这两个想法之间有什么联系？ 随堂训练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Our classmates all think the pen is really ______ (amaze). 2. Let's see what ______ (happen) next week. 3. A picture of ______ (flower) is on the wall. 4. The ______ (fact) tell us that this is not true. 5. This is a map of the ______ (world). 6. There are a lot of ______ (people) at the party. 7. All ______ (plant) need light and water. 8. What are you going ______ (do) this evening? 9. She is from the UK, but she can ______ (speak) Chinese. 10. Why was the ______ (work) late to work this morning? 【答案】1. amazing 2. will happen 3. flowers 4. facts 5. world 6. people 7. plants 8. to do 9. speak 10. worker 三、补全对话 A: Nice to meet you! B: Nice to meet you, too! 1. ______? A: I'm from China. B: Oh, I like Chinese food very much. 2. ______? A: We have baozi, eggs and porridge (粥) for breakfast. B: Sounds good. Do you have lunch at school? A: 3. ______. It's fun to have lunch with my classmates. B: I think so. 4. ______? A: I like rice and chicken best. What about you? B: My favourite food is vegetable salad. A: 5. ______? B: Because it is healthy. 【答案】1. Where are you from 2. What do you have for breakfast 3. Yes, I do/Yes 4. What's your favourite food 5. Why/Why do you like it 综合训练 一．完形填空 There is a big and beautiful farm in the countryside. It has a lot of green fields and tall trees around it. When you walk into the 1 , you can see many colorful flowers in the garden. 2 smell so good! There are many different kinds of crops (庄稼) 3 on the farm. You can see yellow wheat, green vegetables, and red tomatoes. The farmers work 4 to grow these crops. There are also many 5 on the farm. You can see cows eating grass in the fields, chickens 6 around, and horses standing in their stalls (马厩). They make happy sounds and 7 life to the farm. 8 the sun sets, the sky turns pink, orange, and gold. The farm looks 9 with the warm sunlight on it. It’s a wonderful place. A big and beautiful farm is a place where 10 and hard work meet. It’s a happy and peaceful place for everyone. 1．A．farm B．school C．park D．city 2．A．We B．You C．They D．I 3．A．dancing B．greeting C．playing D．growing 4．A．easily B．hard C．slowly D．quickly 5．A．plants B．animals C．insects D．farmers 6．A．running B．sitting C．sleeping D．flying 7．A．change B．send C．make D．bring 8．A．Before B．But C．When D．And 9．A．common B．magical C．similar D．dirty 10．A．nature B．culture C．sport D．music 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了乡村一座美丽的大农场，这里繁花遍地、庄稼繁茂，还有各类动物增添生机，落日下的农场尤为迷人，它是自然与辛勤劳作交融的美好之地。 1．句意：当你走进农场，就能看到花园里许多五颜六色的花。 farm农场；school学校；park公园；city城市。根据“When you walk into the...you can see many colorful flowers in the garden.”可知，此处指走进“农场”，能看到花园里的花。故选A。 2．句意：它们闻起来真香！ We我们；You你/你们；They它们；I我。根据“you can see many colorful flowers in the garden...smell so good!”可知，此处指“它们”很香，使用they指代前文的复数事物“many colorful flowers”。故选C。 3．句意：农场里种着许多不同种类的庄稼。 dancing跳舞；greeting问候；playing玩耍；growing生长、种植。“crops growing on the farm”为常用表达，表“农场里生长的庄稼”，growing贴合庄稼的生长状态，符合语境。故选D。 4．句意：农民们辛勤劳作来种植这些庄稼。 easily轻松地；hard努力地；slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地。此处指农民们辛勤劳作，“work hard”是固定搭配，意为“辛勤工作、努力劳作”，符合农民种植庄稼的实际状态。故选B。 5．句意：农场里也有许多动物。 plants植物；animals动物；insects昆虫；farmers农民。根据“There are also many...on the farm.”可知，后文提到的cows、chickens、horses均属于动物，此处指许多“动物”。故选B。 6．句意：你能看到奶牛在田里吃草，小鸡到处跑，马站在马厩里。 running跑；sitting坐；sleeping睡觉；flying飞。小鸡的典型动作是“跑”，“run around”意为“到处跑”，贴合小鸡活泼的状态。故选A。 7．句意：它们发出欢快的叫声，为农场带来生机。 change改变；send发送；make制作；bring带来。此处表示“带来”生机，“bring life to...”是固定搭配，意为“为……带来生机/活力”，符合动物让农场更有生气的语境。故选D。 8．句意：当太阳落山时，天空变成了粉色、橙色和金色。 Before在……之前；But但是；When当……时；And和。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“太阳落山这个动作发生时，天空出现的变化”，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。 9．句意：温暖的阳光洒在农场上，农场看起来美极了。 common普通的；magical神奇的、迷人的；similar相似的；dirty脏的。前文描述晚霞下的天空色彩绚丽，结合“warm sunlight”的美好画面，magical能体现农场此时的迷人景象。故选B。 10．句意：一个美丽的大农场，是自然与辛勤劳作交融的地方。 nature自然；culture文化；sport运动；music音乐。根据“where...and hard work”可知，此处表示“自然”与辛勤劳作，农场有绿色的田野、花草、动物，这些都是自然的体现，nature符合语境。故选A。 2． 语法理解 （1） Why are Onions Amazing? Onions are round and come in different colors like white, yellow and red. They have a strong smell and taste. When we cut them, they can make our eyes water. Many people enjoy eating them, but they are more than tasty; they are useful as well. High in vitamins, onions do good to our bodies and help us stay healthy. How do People Use Apples? People grow apple trees all over the world. They are the most common (普遍的) type of trees in the rose family (蔷薇科). Apples can be eaten in many ways. You can drink apple juice, eat them in salads, bake them in pies. People use different ways to keep apples fresh. Apples can be canned, dried, or frozen. Apple juice is often made into a tasty liquid (液体) and then frozen. ________________ Do you like potatoes? They are in fries, chips and mashed potatoes! When you hear someone say “tomatoes is the mother of potato,” it may sound like a funny mistake. You may think it’s strange——potatoes look different from tomatoes. In fact, they are from the same plant family. It’s like they are cousins from the same big family. This family also includes other plants like peppers and eggplants. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Fruits. B．Travel. C．Plants. D．Sports. 2．Why do people like eating onions? A．They have different colors. B．They make people grow tall. C．They make people cry. D．They are good for our body. 3．Which question CANNOT be answered in the second news? A．What is apples’ family? B．How can we eat apples? C．Why do people make apple juice? D．How can we store (存储) apples? 4．The best title for the third news would be “________”. A．Why is it strange? B．What is tomatoes’ family? C．Where are potatoes from? D．How can we eat potatoes? 5．What does the three news tell us? A．Special things about food. B．Exciting stories about plants. C．People like eating fruits. D．Great tastes about food. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三种常见蔬菜和水果：洋葱、苹果和土豆的外形特征、食用方式、营养价值或植物学关系，旨在向读者普及它们的实用性和趣味性知识。 【详解】1．文章介绍了洋葱、苹果、土豆等植物，属于“植物”类内容。 2．根据第一篇材料“High in vitamins, onions do good to our bodies and help us stay healthy.”可知洋葱对身体有益，是人们喜欢吃它的原因。 3．第二篇材料提到了苹果的科属蔷薇“They are the most common (普遍的) type of trees in the rose family (蔷薇科). ”、食用方式“You can drink apple juice, eat them in salads, bake them in pies.”即“果汁、沙拉、派”、存储方式“Apples can be canned, dried, or frozen.”，但未说明“为什么制作苹果汁”，因此C无法回答。 4．第三篇材料中“In fact, they are from the same plant family.”事实上，它们来自同一植物科，介绍了土豆来源。结合原文文字以及右侧图片信息，段落核心围绕“土豆”展开，主题需紧扣核心描述对象“土豆”。选项C“Where are potatoes from?”土豆来自哪里?直接指向核心对象土豆。 5．三篇材料分别介绍了洋葱：美味+有益健康、苹果：食用/存储方式、土豆：植物家族，都是关于食物的“特别之处”即“Special things about food”。 （2） ①Most people know that trees are good for us. They give us shade on sunny days and make our world beautiful with their green leaves. But trees do much more than that. They also help to make the air around us clean and healthy, which is very important for everyone. ②First, trees take in bad air and give out good air. The good air is called oxygen (氧气). We need oxygen to breathe (呼吸) and stay healthy every day. Trees make this happen quietly, all year round. They are like nature’s air cleaners. ③Second, trees can stop dust (灰尘) and small dirty things in the air. Their leaves are like small nets that catch these things. When dust comes with the wind, it gets stuck on the leaves. Later, when it rains, the water washes the dust away. This helps to keep the air clean for us to breathe. ④Third, trees can make the air cooler on hot days. When the sun is strong, trees give out water from their leaves into the air. This makes the air around them feel fresh and cool. It is nicer to walk under trees in summer because of this. ⑤Planting trees is an easy and useful way to help our Earth. Trees work hard every day to clean the air for us. We can plant trees in our school, in parks, or near our homes. Let’s plant more trees and take good care of them, because they take good care of us. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why trees are beautiful. B．How trees help clean the air. C．Where to plant trees. D．What trees eat. 2．What do trees give out that we need to breathe? A．Dust. B．Shade. C．Oxygen. D．Water. 3．Why does the writer talk about “hot days” in Paragraph 4? A．To tell us to drink more water. B．To explain how trees help us feel cooler. C．To say trees need more sun in summer. D．To show that trees grow better in hot weather. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Trees are only useful in parks. B．Trees can help us save money. C．Planting trees is good for people and the Earth. D．Trees make the air hotter in summer. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A．①-②③④-⑤ B．①②-③④-⑤ C．①②③-④⑤ D．①-②③④⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了树木对净化空气和环境的重要作用，分别从产生氧气、阻挡灰尘和夏季降温三个方面具体阐述，最后呼吁人们植树护树。 【详解】1．根据第一段中的“But trees do much more than that. They also help to make the air around us clean and healthy, which is very important for everyone.”以及后文分别阐述树木的三种净化作用可知，文章主要介绍了树木如何帮助净化空气。 2．根据第二段中的“First, trees take in bad air and give out good air. The good air is called oxygen (氧气). We need oxygen to breathe (呼吸) and stay healthy every day.”可知，树木释放出我们呼吸所需要的氧气。 3．根据第四段中的“Third, trees can make the air cooler on hot days. When the sun is strong, trees give out water from their leaves into the air. This makes the air around them feel fresh and cool.”可知，第四段中心是树木在炎热天气降温，举热天例子解释树木如何让空气变凉爽，即作者提到“hot days”是为了解释树木如何帮助人们感觉凉爽。 4．根据第五段中的“Planting trees is an easy and useful way to help our Earth. Trees work hard every day to clean the air for us.”以及全文可知，植树对人类和地球都有益。 5．通读文章可知：第①段为总起：引入主题，指出树木能净化空气；第②、③、④段分别用“First, Second, Third”并列说明了树木净化空气的三个不同具体作用；第⑤段为总结：提出倡议，呼吁植树。其篇章结构为“总-分-总”，即①-②③④-⑤，对应选项A。 三．语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯，每空一词。 Bamboo is one of the most useful (有用的) plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is 1 kind of grass. There are more than 500 2 (difference) kinds of bamboos in China. Some are tall, but some 3 (be) not. This plant grows well in warm places. It 4 (come) in a lot of colors, from yellow to black. The Chinese people are very good 5 using bamboo. They use it to make many things, such as boxes and cooking tools (工具). They even use it to build buildings because it is 6 (real) strong. They also use it to make paper. A lot of Chinese singers write beautiful songs about bamboo, 7 many artists draw it in pictures. Now, farmers in many poor countries are 8 (learn) how to find water by using bamboo. These farmers need many easy 9 (way) to get water because they have little money, and their crops can’t live without rain or water. Bamboo can help 10 (they) bring water to their crops (庄稼) without spending much money. 【答案】1．a 2．different 3．are 4．comes 5．at 6．really 7．and 8．learning 9．ways 10．them 【导语】本文介绍了竹子的种类、特性以及用途，并提到农民利用竹子找水的方法。 【详解】1．句意：许多人称这种植物为树，但它是一种草。根据“but it is...kind of grass”可知，此处指它是一种草，kind是单数，此处表示泛指，且kind以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：中国有500多种不同的竹子。根据“kinds of bamboos”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词kinds，difference的形容词是different。故填different。 3．句意：有些竹子很高，但有些不高。根据“Some are tall but some...not.”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 4．句意：它有很多颜色，从黄色到黑色。根据“in a lot of colors”可知，此处指竹子有很多颜色，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式comes。故填comes。 5．句意：中国人很擅长使用竹子。根据“The Chinese people are very good...using bamboo.”可知，此处指中国人很擅长使用竹子，be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，固定短语。故填at。 6．句意：他们甚至用它来建造建筑物，因为它真的很坚固。根据“strong”可知，此处需要副词修饰形容词，real的副词是really。故填really。 7．句意：许多中国歌手写关于竹子的优美的歌曲，许多艺术家在画中画竹子。根据“A lot of Chinese singers write beautiful songs about bamboo...many artists draw it in pictures.”可知，前后句是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 8．句意：现在，许多贫穷国家的农民正在学习如何利用竹子找水。根据“Now”可知，句子时态是现在进行时，其结构是be doing，动词learn的现在分词是learning。故填learning。 9．句意：这些农民需要许多简单的方法来取水，因为他们没有多少钱，而且他们的庄稼没有雨水或水就无法生存。根据“many easy...to get water”可知，此处指许多简单的方法，many修饰可数名词复数，way的复数是ways。故填ways。 10．句意：竹子可以帮助他们不用花很多钱就能把水引到庄稼上。根据“help”可知，此处指帮助他们，动词help后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。故填them。 四．选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in beautiful so animal have health get water they sunlight It’s great fun to grow a garden. To have a(n) 1 garden, you need to think carefully. Does your garden get enough (足够的) sunlight? Most plants need a lot of 2 to grow well. Is it easy to water the plants 3 your garden? Plants need water to grow well and keep 4 . Usually, the rain waters plants, but sometimes the garden 5 dry because there isn’t enough rain. If so, you need to make sure there’s enough 6 . What else do you need to do to take good care of your garden? Think about 7 , such as wild rabbits and birds. They will get into the garden and eat your plants, 8 you need to make a fence (篱笆). It can help keep 9 away from your garden. At last, don’t forget (忘记) that growing a garden is about 10 fun. You should enjoy growing it and looking after it. 【答案】1．beautiful 2．sunlight 3．in 4．healthy 5．gets 6．water 7．animals 8．so 9．them 10．having 【导语】文章主要介绍了种植花园需要考虑的因素，包括阳光、水分、防范动物侵扰等，还强调种植花园应享受其中的乐趣。 【详解】1．句意：要拥有一个美丽的花园，你需要仔细考虑。此处需要形容词修饰名词garden，形容词beautiful符合语义，指“漂亮的花园”。 2．句意：大多数植物需要大量的阳光才能长得好。上文提问花园光照是否充足，此处承接说明大多数植物需要大量阳光才能生长，应用sunlight。 3．句意：给你花园里的植物浇水容易吗？此处指“在花园里面的植物”，表示“在……里面”应用介词in。 4．句意：植物需要水来生长和保持健康。“keep+形容词”表保持某种状态，水可以让植物保持健康的状态，名词health的形容词形式healthy“健康的”符合语义。 5．句意：通常，雨水会滋润植物，但有时花园会因为雨水不足而变干。 此处表示花园因缺水而变得干燥，动词get可表“变得”，主语the garden是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，get用三单形式gets。 6．句意：如果是这样，你需要确保有足够的水。上文提到降雨不足，花园会变干燥，因此需要保证有充足的水，water“水”符合语义。 7．句意：想想动物，比如野兔和鸟类。后文列举的野兔、鸟类都属于动物，此处表泛指，用animal的复数形式animals。 8．句意：它们会进入花园，吃掉你的植物，所以你需要做一个篱笆。前文说动物会啃食植物，后文说需要搭建篱笆，前后句子为因果关系，应用连词so。 9．句意：它可以帮助它们远离你的花园。此处指代前文提到的动物，为复数，作keep的宾语，用代词they的宾格形式them。 10．句意：最后，别忘了种植花园是为了享受乐趣。have fun为固定搭配，意为“享受乐趣”，about是介词，后接动名词，have的动名词是having。 五．任务型阅读 Imagine your school has a garden. You can plant vegetables there. Sounds cool, doesn’t it? The students at Xinghuo Middle School already get to do this. They plant vegetables in their school garden. The science teacher Ms. Wang has a vegetable garden in the school. The students plant vegetable seeds (种子) in the garden in spring. They water and watch the vegetables grow. They get the vegetables in autumn. What great fun it is! The school garden is a good place for them to learn the ways to grow plants. Some Grade Seven students plant about 5 garlic (大蒜) seeds in the garden. They want to know how things like soil (土壤) and water affect (影响) the garlic’s growth. Li Yufei is one of the Grade Seven students. She likes working in the school garden. “It is good for us to eat vegetables in different colors. I am happy to pick all kinds of colorful vegetables here,” she says. Why do vegetables have different colors? Actually, colors don’t just make vegetables look good. Vegetables in different colors give different vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质). Every day, if you eat vegetables in different colors, you will become very healthy. 根据语篇内容，回答问题。(每小题答案不超过5个词) 1．At Xinghuo Middle School, what do the students plant in the school garden? 2．When do they plant vegetable seeds in the garden? 3．How many garlic seeds do some students in Grade 7 plant in the garden? 4．Who likes working in the school garden? 5．Do colorful vegetables give vitamins and minerals? 【答案】1．Vegetables. 2．In spring. 3．About 5/five. 4．Li Yufei. 5．Yes, they do. 【导语】本文介绍了星火中学的学生在学校菜园种植蔬菜的活动，阐述了不同颜色蔬菜的营养价值。 1．根据“They plant vegetables in their school garden.”可知，学生在学校菜园种植蔬菜。故填Vegetables. 2．根据“The students plant vegetable seeds in the garden in spring.”可知，他们在春季播种。故填In spring. 3．根据“Some Grade Seven students plant about 5 garlic seeds”可知，一些七年级的学生在菜园里种下了大约五瓣大蒜。故填About 5/five. 4．根据“Li Yufei is one of the Grade Seven students. She likes working in the school garden.”可知，李雨霏喜欢在菜园劳动。故填Li Yufei. 5．根据“Vegetables in different colors give different vitamins and minerals.”可知，彩色蔬菜提供维生素和矿物质。故填Yes, they do. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $