内容正文:
Starter Welcome to junior high! 音标、语法、写作讲解
一.音标学习
元音 [ɑ:][ʌ] [ɔ:][ɒ] [ɜ:][ə]
读一读
1. [ɑ:] ɑrt [ɑ:t]艺术 cɑrd [kɑ:d]卡片 pɑrk [pɑ:k]公园 fɑrm[fɑ:m]农场
2. [ʌ] up [ʌp]向上 come[kʌm]来 does[dʌz]做 bus [bʌs]公共汽车
3. [ɔ:] horse[hɔ:s]马 door[dɔ:]门 for [fɔ:] 为了 pork[pɔ:k]猪肉
4. [ɒ] dog[dɒg]狗 whɑt[wɒt]什么 pot[pɒt]锅 box [bɒks] 盒子
5. [ɜ:] her[hɜ:]她的 bird [bɜ:d]鸟 girl[gɜ:l]女孩 nurse[nɜ:s]护士
6. [ə] ɑgo[ə'gəʊ]以前 per[pə]每 worker['wɜ:kə]工人 fɑther['fɑ:ðə]父亲
拼一拼
1.【ɑ:】 [ɑ:m] [ɑ:t] [kɑ:] [stɑ:t] [skɑ:] [fɑ:m]
2.【ʌ】 [nʌt] [bʌs] [lʌk] [sʌn] [fʌn] [lʌn]
3.【ɔ:】 [bɔ:l] [ɔ:l] [fɔ:l] [tɔ:l] [smɔ:l] [hɔ:l]
4.【ɒ】 [gɒt] [lɒt] [ɒf] [nɒt] [mɒk] [fɒks]
5.【ɜ:】 [bɜ:g] [gɜ:l] [fɜ:n] [tɜ:n] [hɜ:] [wɜ:k]
6.【ǝ】 [ʹbrʌðǝ] [ʹsɪstǝ] [ʹkʌlǝ] [ʹrʌbǝ] [ʹru:lǝ] [fǝʹget]
元音 [i:] [ɪ] [u:] [ʊ] [e] [ æ]
读一读
1.[i:] bee[bi:]蜜蜂 key[ki:]钥匙 teɑm[ti:m]小组 eɑt [i:t]吃
2.[ɪ] sit [sɪt]坐 big[bɪg]大的 give[gɪv]给 it [ɪt]它
3.[u:] food [fu:d]食物 moon[mu:n]月亮 rule[ru:l] 规则 noon[nu:n]中午
4.[ʊ] book [bʊk] 书 put[pʊt] 放 good[gʊd]好的 could[kʊd]能
5.[æ] bɑd [bæd]坏的 cɑt[kæt]猫 cɑp[kæp]帽子 bɑg[bæg]包
6.[e] red[red]红色的 bed [bed]床 heɑd[hed]头 let[let]让
拼一拼
1.【i:】 [mi:t] [hi:t] [ni:t] [fli:] [fi:l] [si:]
2.【ɪ】 [lɪd] [dɪd] [pɪn] [klɪk] [fɪks] [lɪft]
3.【u:】 [fu:d] [bu:t] [lu:n] [ku:l] [lu:p] [lu:n]
4.【ʊ】 [fʊt] [bʊk] [gʊd] [stʊd] [kʊk] [brʊk]
5.【æ】 [fæn] [lænd] [læmp] [plæn] [kæt] [flæt]
6.【e】 [les] [tel] [eg] [felt] [tekst] [men]
二.语法学习
可数名词和不可数名词
知识点1 可数名词
可数名词是可以计数的单个的物体、人、想法等的名称。可数名词可以和a/an以及数字连用,指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
可数名词单数变复数的变化规则如下:
规则
示例
规则
变化
大多数名词后加-s
cat→cats friend→friends
规则
变化
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词后加-es
glass→glasses box→boxes
watch→watches brush→brushes
规则
变化
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es
country→countries baby→babies
以f或fe结尾的名词,一般将f 或fe变为ves
shelf→shelves knife→knives
以o结尾的名词加-es或-s
tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes
radio→radios zoo→zoos
不规则
变化
单复数同形
deer→deer sheep→sheep
改变单数名词内部的元音字母或部分字母
foot→feet tooth→teeth
man→men woman→women
词尾加-en
child→children
易错警示 由man或woman与另一个单词组成的复合名词变为复数时,两部分都发生变化。
women drivers女司机;men doctors男医生
知识点2不可数名词
不可数名词是通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体等的名称。不可数名词通常不与a/an连用,也不和数字连用,大部分是单数,没有复数形式。不可数名词类别如下:
分类
示例
物质名词
表示物质或材料的名称
coffee、gold、water、wood
抽象名词
表示性质、行为、状态、情感或其他抽象概念等无形的事物的名称
fun、knowledge、length、love
语言名词
表示语言的名称
Chinese、English、Japanese
随堂训练
1.There are some ________ and ________ on the farm.
A.chickens; sheeps B.chicken; sheep
C.chickens; sheep D.chicken; sheeps
2.We need to buy two kilos of ________ and three ________ for the party.
A.tomatos; kilos of meats B.tomatoes; kilos of meat
C.tomatoes; meat D.tomatos; meat
3.—What can you see on the farm?
—I can see many ________.
A.tomatos plants B.tomatoes plants
C.tomato plants D.tomatoes plant
4.—Where are the two big and lively ________ you caught from the river today?
—On the plate now.Help yourself to some ________.
A.fishes; fish B.fishes; fishes C.fish; fish D.fish; fishes
5.下列单词中,复数形式与其他三项不同的是 ________。
A.chicken B.rabbit C.flower D.tomato
基数词
(1)0—12:其拼写和读音没有什么规律,要分别记忆。
(2)13—19:其后均有后缀-teen,需要特别记忆的有thirteen(13)、fifteen(15)、eighteen(18)。
(3)20/30/……/90:表示“几十”的基数词,其后均有后缀-ty,应注意twenty(20)、thirty(30)、forty(40)、fifty(50)、eighty(80)的拼写。
(4)21—99:表示“几十几”的词,中间用连字符把十位和个位连起来,如twenty-one(21)、thirty-four(34)。
(5) 百位及百位以上的词,通常在百位和十位或百位和个位中间用and连接,十位和个位之间用连字符,如three hundred and thirty-three(333)、eight hundred and three(803)。
随堂训练
1.My grandmother is e________ (八十) now, but she is very healthy.
2.The rich man has donated (捐赠) two ________ (百万) yuan to the college in his hometown.
3.________ (thousand) of visitors come to see the Taj Mahal every year.
4.Look! ________ (hundred) of birds are flying in the sky.
5.The shirt is ________ (25) yuan.
冠词
知识点1不定冠词a/an
a和an是不定冠词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词的常见用法如下:
(1)用在单数可数名词前泛指“某一个”。
Give me a pencil, please. 请给我一支铅笔。
(2)用于第一次出现的单数可数名词之前。
There is a box in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有一个箱子。这个箱子很重。
(3)用于某些固定短语中。
have a try试一下
have a good time 玩得愉快
知识点2定冠词the
(1)用于单、复数名词前,特别是当后面有短语或从句修饰时,表示某个或某些特定的人或物。
Beijing is the heart of our great motherland. 北京是我们伟大祖国的心脏。
(2)用于上文提到过的人或物之前。
It's a cup. The cup is blue. 它是一个杯子。这个杯子是蓝色的。
(3)用于某些形容词前,表示一类人。
the young 年轻人
(4)用于指说话双方都知道的人或物。
Please close the door. 请把门关上。
(5)用于表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物。
the sun太阳
(6)用于序数词前表示顺序。
the third group 第三组
(7)用在“play+the+乐器类名词”结构中。
play the erhu拉二胡
(8)与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示“……一家人”或“……夫妇”。
The Blacks are in China. 布莱克一家人在中国。
知识点3零冠词
(1)play与球类、棋类名词连用时,名词前不使用冠词。
play football 踢足球
play chess下国际象棋
(2)在表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词。
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
(3)在日期、节日、季节等名词前不用冠词。
Children's Day 儿童节
注意:谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。
the Spring Festival 春节
(4)在一些固定搭配中。
by car坐汽车
随堂训练
1.He started to play _________ piano at the age of 9.
A.a B./ C.the D.an
2.— John, what are you going to do this afternoon?
— I’m going to play ________ tennis with my brother.
A.the B.a C.an D./
3.Beijing is ________ capital of China. It plays an important role.
A.a B.an C.the D./
4.Though this is ________ ugly bag, I think it is ________ useful thing for me to keep my books.
A.a; an B.a; the C.an; a D.an; the
5.We watched ________ exciting Chinese women’s table tennis game yesterday. ________ game made people all over the country cheer up.
A.an; The B.the; A C.a; The D.an; A
there be句型
“there is/are+某人/某物+某地”结构表示“某地有某人或某物”,所表示的人或物都是泛指,而非特指。在这一结构中,there起到先行主语的作用,没有具体的词义。谓语动词be后的名词(短语)是真正的主语。
知识点1 there be句型的句式结构
句子类型
句子结构
例句
肯定句
There+be+主语+其他.
There are some students in the playground.操场上有一些学生。
否定句
There+be+not+主语+其他.
There aren't any students in the playground.操场上没有学生。
一般疑问句及其答语
Be+there+主语+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, there+be.
否定回答:No, there+be not.(be not在实际运用中要缩写)
—Are there any students in the playground?操场上有学生吗?
—Yes, there are.是的,有。
—No, there aren't.不,没有。
知识点2 there be句型中的主谓一致
(1)在there be句型中,谓语动词be在数上与后面的人或物保持一致。当后面的人或物为可数名词单数或不可数名词时,be动词用is;当后面的人或物为可数名词复数时,be动词用are。
There is a boy under the tree.那棵树下有一个男孩。
There are two birds in the tree.那棵树上有两只鸟。
(2)如果有两个或更多的名词(短语)作主语,be动词与靠近它的名词(短语)在数上保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
There is a table and four chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
There are three apples and a pear on the plate.盘子里有三个苹果和一个梨。
随堂训练
1.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.
A.is B.are C.will be D.was
2.Look! There ________ some sheep on the farm.
A.has B.are C.have D.is
3.—Excuse me, is there a flower shop near here?
—________. It’s over there, next to the bookshop.
A.Yes, it is B.No, it isn’t C.Yes, there is D.No, there isn’t.
4.In Wang Mei’s old village school, there ________ desks for every student.
A.haven’t got B.aren’t C.isn’t D.don’t
5.—Are there ________ vegetables in the fridge? —No, ________.
A.some; there aren’t B.any; there aren’t
C.some; there are D.any; there is
三.写作学习
如何写与自我介绍相关的文章
本单元的写作主要是介绍自己,要求同学们认识自我,学会向他人做自我介绍。自我介绍通常以问候或打招呼开始,然后介绍自己的姓名、班级、爱好、优点、近期经历以及对新学校的感受和期待等。写作时以第一人称为主,时态以一般现在时为主,一般过去时为辅。
例题
进入初中的第一天,英语老师让同学们课下完成学生卡,在课堂上用英语做自我介绍。请根据以下你的学生卡片内容,写一篇自我介绍发言稿。
Name: Li Hua
Age: 12
Character: active, lively...
Looks:tall,long hair...
Hobby: sports...
Advantage: helpful...
Share your latest summer holiday: ...
要求:(1)涵盖所有信息,可适当拓展内容;(2)词数:100左右。
写作导图
Hello everyone! My name is Li Hua. Nice to meet you all! Now I’d like to introduce myself to you.
I’m a 12-year-old girl with long hair from Chengdu. I’m active and I love sports very much. And I’m very skilled in playing volleyball. This summer holiday, I learned to swim.
And I went to the beach with my parents, but it was difficult for me to swim in the sea.I’m also very lively and helpful. I often help my friends with their difficulties.
In short,I’m outgoing and friendly and I'm very happy and excited to be one of you. Do you want to make friends with me?
随堂训练
假如你是新来的学生David,请根据表格里的提示,在英语课上向同学们做自我介绍。
Name
David
Age(年龄)
13
Favourite day
Sunday
Favourite sport
basketball
...
...
要求:1.条理清晰,意思连贯,语句通顺,标点正确;
2.必须包含表格里的所有内容,并补充至少一条信息;
3.文中不能出现真实姓名和班级
综合训练
语法训练
一.单项选择
1.I’d like two ________ and some ________.
A.egg; milk B.eggs; milk C.egg; milks D.eggs; milks
2.You can see many animals on the farm. There are lots of ________ and some ________ here.
A.chickens; geese B.chickens; goose C.chicken; geese D.chicken; goose
3.—Daniel, what would you like for your dinner?
— I’d like to buy some ________ and two ________.
A. potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef
C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs
4.She tells English ________ in class.
A.stories B.story C.storys D.story’s
5.There are many apples ________ the tree. How many ________ can you see ?
A.in; apple trees B.on; apple trees C.in; apples trees D.on; apples tree
6.This is ________ eraser, and ________ eraser is my eraser.
A.a; the B.an; the C.the; a D./; the
7.I lost ________ eraser and it has ________ “L” on it.
A.an; a B.a; an C.an; an D.a; a
8.Tom is ________ first to get to school every morning.
A.a B.an C.the D./
9.The Bird’s Nest, ________ important building in Beijing, dates from ________ 2008.
A.a; the B.an; the C.a; / D.an; /
10.—Did you watch ______ film Dear You yesterday evening?
—Yes, it’s so moving. I want to watch it ______ second time.
A.an; the B.a; the C.a; a D.the; a
二.完成句子
1.从窗户我可以看到森林、云、鸟、月亮和星星。
From the window, I can see the forest, the ________, the ________, the moon and the ________.
2.从我的房子我可以看到山丘和一条河。
I can see ________ and a ________ from my house.
3.我住的地方没有很多商店。
There ________ a lot of ________ here.
4.刘伟没有手臂,但他仍然能自己做许多令人惊奇的事情。
Liu Wei doesn’t have ________, but he can still do many amazing things ________ ________ ________.
5.我们还有一些课外活动,比如绘画和足球。
We also have some ____________________ like ________ and football.
6.会有美味的点心和饮料,比如春卷和自制饼干。
There ________ be delicious ________ and drinks like spring rolls and ________ cookies.
7.马克斯喜欢运动。他决定加入足球俱乐部。
Max likes ________. He decides to join the ________ Club.
8.双胞胎节在俄亥俄州举行,有游行和许多有趣的活动。
The Twins Days Festival takes ________ in Ohio. There is a big ________ and lots of fun ________.
9.我没有兄弟姐妹,但我有很多表兄弟姐妹。
I don’t have any ________ or sisters, but I have lots of ________.
10.我热爱阅读各种各样的书。
I ________ reading all kinds of ________.
11.There are ________ (twenty) students in the classroom. The ________ (twenty) one is my best friend.
12.We are in Class ________ (七), Grade ________ (三).
13.The dance tells us the story of the ________ (十二) flower gods.
14.I have planted ________ (six) trees. You planted the ________ (six) one.
15.I have tried ________ (three) times, and I will try a ________ (four) time.
16.我家附近有一个大公园,我的家人经常去那里。
________ a big park ________ my home, and my family often go there.
17.每个学期有多少激动人心的网球比赛在我们学校举行?(使用There be句型)
How many ________ in our school every term?
18.一天,他的父亲曹操说:“看!有一头大象。它有多重?”
One day, his father Cao Cao said, “Look! ________ ________ an elephant. How heavy is it?”
19.我的自行车坏了,我要叫人来检查一下它。
There is ________ my bicycle and I want to ask ________.
20.悬崖村有很多令人惊叹的高山和河流。
________ ________ many amazing mountains and rivers in Cliff Village.
三.语法填空
Peter lives in New York, America. He would like 1 (make) friends with young people from China. He thinks China is 2 interesting country. He is thirteen years old. He 3 (have) a younger sister. Every day, he goes to school 4 foot. The teachers are all very 5 (friend), so he likes his school, he likes 6 (swim) and playing basketball. These are his favourite 7 (hobby). He swims on Saturdays. He plays basketball with his classmates 8 (one) a week. He is good at Maths. He often helps his sister 9 her Maths. His dream is 10 (become) a mathematician (数学家). Can you write to him soon?
四.语法选择
Good morning, everyone! Do 1 want to know me? I 2 a lively (活泼的) girl. My 3 is Han Fangfang. You can 4 me Fangfang. I am 5 Zaozhuang, Shandong Province (省). I am thirteen years old.
Ms Gao is my new Chinese teacher. When (当…… 时) we meet her in the school, we often 6 her and say “Hello, Ms Gao” to her. We like her very much.
I have a 7 friend. We are in the same 8 . Her name is Emma 9 she is from the US. We often help each 10 . In my class, there are many students from different countries (国家). We often talk and play together.
1.A.you B.her C.him D.them
2.A.is B.am C.be D.are
3.A.colour B.name C.number D.book
4.A.say B.tell C.speak D.call
5.A.on B.in C.from D.at
6.A.find B.greet C.see D.ask
7.A.fine B.big C.same D.good
8.A.home B.time C.class D.place
9.A.but B.so C.and D.or
10.A.everyone B.other C.the other D.others
写作训练
1.假如Laura是你的朋友,请根据以下信息,写一篇作文来介绍Laura。 ( 40—50字左右)
Name
Laura Green
Age
thirteen
Family
father, mother, brother( Tony) and Laura
Favorite
color: white food: salad sport: baseball
Bedroom
big, schoolbag(on the table), books( on the bookcase)
…
…
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2.新学期开始了,英语老师让每位同学做简单的自我介绍。假如你是李雷,请你根据下面表格中的信息,用英语准备一段自我介绍。
姓名
李雷
来自
中国合肥
班级
七年级三班
年龄
12岁
电话号码
687 718
最喜欢的颜色
蓝色
最喜欢的运动
踢足球
最喜欢的季节
春天
要求:
1. 须包含所有提示信息,可适当发挥;
2. 不少于50词,文章开头已给出,但不计入总词数;
3. 思路清晰、行文连贯、字迹工整。
Hi, everyone!
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3.假如你是李华,在学校的Welcome Party上被邀请发言,用英文自我介绍,请根据以下思维导图,写一篇文章。
要求:
1. 适当拓展,行文连贯;
2. 词数80左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.假设你是李明,根据下面的提示,写一篇短文介绍自己。
1. 姓名:李明;年龄:13岁;来自:北京。
2. 爱好:喜欢运动,如打篮球、踢足球等。
3. 家庭成员:父亲是一名教师,母亲是一名医生。
4. 最喜欢的科目:英语,因为很有趣。
要求:语句通顺,意思连贯,不少于60词。
参考词汇:interesting 有趣的;play basketball 打篮球;play football 踢足球
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5.新学期开始了!成为初中生的你,喜欢你的新学校和同学吗?假如你是Alice,请根据以下思维导图的提示,给你的美国朋友Wendy写一封信,介绍一下你第一天的初中生活吧!
注意:
(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
(2)不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。
(3)语句连贯,词数60左右。作文开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
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Starter Welcome to junior high! 音标、语法、写作讲解
一.音标学习
元音 [ɑ:][ʌ] [ɔ:][ɒ] [ɜ:][ə]
读一读
1. [ɑ:] ɑrt [ɑ:t]艺术 cɑrd [kɑ:d]卡片 pɑrk [pɑ:k]公园 fɑrm[fɑ:m]农场
2. [ʌ] up [ʌp]向上 come[kʌm]来 does[dʌz]做 bus [bʌs]公共汽车
3. [ɔ:] horse[hɔ:s]马 door[dɔ:]门 for [fɔ:] 为了 pork[pɔ:k]猪肉
4. [ɒ] dog[dɒg]狗 whɑt[wɒt]什么 pot[pɒt]锅 box [bɒks] 盒子
5. [ɜ:] her[hɜ:]她的 bird [bɜ:d]鸟 girl[gɜ:l]女孩 nurse[nɜ:s]护士
6. [ə] ɑgo[ə'gəʊ]以前 per[pə]每 worker['wɜ:kə]工人 fɑther['fɑ:ðə]父亲
拼一拼
1.【ɑ:】 [ɑ:m] [ɑ:t] [kɑ:] [stɑ:t] [skɑ:] [fɑ:m]
2.【ʌ】 [nʌt] [bʌs] [lʌk] [sʌn] [fʌn] [lʌn]
3.【ɔ:】 [bɔ:l] [ɔ:l] [fɔ:l] [tɔ:l] [smɔ:l] [hɔ:l]
4.【ɒ】 [gɒt] [lɒt] [ɒf] [nɒt] [mɒk] [fɒks]
5.【ɜ:】 [bɜ:g] [gɜ:l] [fɜ:n] [tɜ:n] [hɜ:] [wɜ:k]
6.【ǝ】 [ʹbrʌðǝ] [ʹsɪstǝ] [ʹkʌlǝ] [ʹrʌbǝ] [ʹru:lǝ] [fǝʹget]
元音 [i:] [ɪ] [u:] [ʊ] [e] [ æ]
读一读
1.[i:] bee[bi:]蜜蜂 key[ki:]钥匙 teɑm[ti:m]小组 eɑt [i:t]吃
2.[ɪ] sit [sɪt]坐 big[bɪg]大的 give[gɪv]给 it [ɪt]它
3.[u:] food [fu:d]食物 moon[mu:n]月亮 rule[ru:l] 规则 noon[nu:n]中午
4.[ʊ] book [bʊk] 书 put[pʊt] 放 good[gʊd]好的 could[kʊd]能
5.[æ] bɑd [bæd]坏的 cɑt[kæt]猫 cɑp[kæp]帽子 bɑg[bæg]包
6.[e] red[red]红色的 bed [bed]床 heɑd[hed]头 let[let]让
拼一拼
1.【i:】 [mi:t] [hi:t] [ni:t] [fli:] [fi:l] [si:]
2.【ɪ】 [lɪd] [dɪd] [pɪn] [klɪk] [fɪks] [lɪft]
3.【u:】 [fu:d] [bu:t] [lu:n] [ku:l] [lu:p] [lu:n]
4.【ʊ】 [fʊt] [bʊk] [gʊd] [stʊd] [kʊk] [brʊk]
5.【æ】 [fæn] [lænd] [læmp] [plæn] [kæt] [flæt]
6.【e】 [les] [tel] [eg] [felt] [tekst] [men]
二.语法学习
可数名词和不可数名词
知识点1 可数名词
可数名词是可以计数的单个的物体、人、想法等的名称。可数名词可以和a/an以及数字连用,指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
可数名词单数变复数的变化规则如下:
规则
示例
规则
变化
大多数名词后加-s
cat→cats friend→friends
规则
变化
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词后加-es
glass→glasses box→boxes
watch→watches brush→brushes
规则
变化
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es
country→countries baby→babies
以f或fe结尾的名词,一般将f 或fe变为ves
shelf→shelves knife→knives
以o结尾的名词加-es或-s
tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes
radio→radios zoo→zoos
不规则
变化
单复数同形
deer→deer sheep→sheep
改变单数名词内部的元音字母或部分字母
foot→feet tooth→teeth
man→men woman→women
词尾加-en
child→children
易错警示 由man或woman与另一个单词组成的复合名词变为复数时,两部分都发生变化。
women drivers女司机;men doctors男医生
知识点2不可数名词
不可数名词是通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体等的名称。不可数名词通常不与a/an连用,也不和数字连用,大部分是单数,没有复数形式。不可数名词类别如下:
分类
示例
物质名词
表示物质或材料的名称
coffee、gold、water、wood
抽象名词
表示性质、行为、状态、情感或其他抽象概念等无形的事物的名称
fun、knowledge、length、love
语言名词
表示语言的名称
Chinese、English、Japanese
随堂训练
1.There are some ________ and ________ on the farm.
A.chickens; sheeps B.chicken; sheep
C.chickens; sheep D.chicken; sheeps
【答案】C
【详解】句意:农场上有一些鸡和绵羊。
chicken小鸡;sheep绵羊。some后接可数名词复数,chicken表示“小鸡”时,复数形式为chickens;sheep是单复数同形名词,复数仍为sheep。
2.We need to buy two kilos of ________ and three ________ for the party.
A.tomatos; kilos of meats B.tomatoes; kilos of meat
C.tomatoes; meat D.tomatos; meat
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们需要为派对买两公斤西红柿和三公斤肉。
tomato以o结尾,复数加-es(tomatoes);meat是不可数名词,不能直接加-s,需借助单位名词表达数量,即three kilos of meat。
3.—What can you see on the farm?
—I can see many ________.
A.tomatos plants B.tomatoes plants
C.tomato plants D.tomatoes plant
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你在农场能看到什么? ——我能看到许多番茄植株。
空格前为“many”,后接可数名词复数形式。英语中,名词作定语修饰另一名词时,通常用单数形式。选项A“tomatos plants”和B“tomatoes plants”中“tomato”为复数形式,不能作定语,且A项tomatos为错误形式;D“tomatoes plant”中“plant”为单数,与“many”搭配错误。应填tomato plants。
4.—Where are the two big and lively ________ you caught from the river today?
—On the plate now.Help yourself to some ________.
A.fishes; fish B.fishes; fishes C.fish; fish D.fish; fishes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你今天从河里抓到的两条又大又活泼的鱼在哪里?——现在在盘子里。请随便吃点鱼肉。
fish表示“鱼的数量”时单复数同形;表示“鱼肉”时为不可数名词;表示“多种鱼类”时复数为fishes。第一空根据“two”可知指两条活鱼,用fish;第二空根据“On the plate”可知指鱼肉,用fish。故应填fish;fish。
5.下列单词中,复数形式与其他三项不同的是 ________。
A.chicken B.rabbit C.flower D.tomato
【答案】D
【详解】句意:下列单词中,复数形式与其他三项不同的是tomato。
chicken小鸡,复数形式是chickens;rabbit兔子,复数形式是rabbits;flower花,复数形式是flowers;tomato西红柿,复数形式是tomatoes。chicken, rabbit, flower的复数形式直接在词尾加-s,tomato复数形式是在词尾加-es,因此tomato的复数形式与其他三项不同。
基数词
(1)0—12:其拼写和读音没有什么规律,要分别记忆。
(2)13—19:其后均有后缀-teen,需要特别记忆的有thirteen(13)、fifteen(15)、eighteen(18)。
(3)20/30/……/90:表示“几十”的基数词,其后均有后缀-ty,应注意twenty(20)、thirty(30)、forty(40)、fifty(50)、eighty(80)的拼写。
(4)21—99:表示“几十几”的词,中间用连字符把十位和个位连起来,如twenty-one(21)、thirty-four(34)。
(5) 百位及百位以上的词,通常在百位和十位或百位和个位中间用and连接,十位和个位之间用连字符,如three hundred and thirty-three(333)、eight hundred and three(803)。
随堂训练
1.My grandmother is e________ (八十) now, but she is very healthy.
【答案】eighty/ighty
【详解】句意:我的祖母现在八十岁了,但她非常健康。“八十”可译为eighty,为基数词。此处表示年龄,应用基数词,结合首字母e提示,eighty符合语境。
2.The rich man has donated (捐赠) two ________ (百万) yuan to the college in his hometown.
【答案】million
【详解】句意:那位富人捐赠了两百万元给他家乡的大学。“百万”对应的英文是“million”,前面有具体数字“two”修饰时,million保持单数形式,不加s。
3.________ (thousand) of visitors come to see the Taj Mahal every year.
【答案】Thousands
【详解】句意:每年有成千上万的游客前来参观泰姬陵。thousand意为“千”,表示模糊数量、后接of时,要使用复数形式thousands;thousands of是固定搭配,意为“成千上万的”,句首单词首字母大写,故填Thousands。
4.Look! ________ (hundred) of birds are flying in the sky.
【答案】Hundreds
【详解】句意:看!成百上千只鸟儿正在天空中飞翔。“... of birds”表明,此处表示概数,hundred需加-s,hundreds of是固定短语,表示“成百上千的”,句首单词首字母需大写,故填Hundreds。
5.The shirt is ________ (25) yuan.
【答案】twenty-five
【详解】句意:这件衬衫二十五元。空格处表示价格“二十五元”,需要用基数词。数字25由整十数20(twenty)和个位数5(five)组成,中间加连字符,故填twenty-five。
冠词
知识点1不定冠词a/an
a和an是不定冠词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词的常见用法如下:
(1)用在单数可数名词前泛指“某一个”。
Give me a pencil, please. 请给我一支铅笔。
(2)用于第一次出现的单数可数名词之前。
There is a box in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有一个箱子。这个箱子很重。
(3)用于某些固定短语中。
have a try试一下
have a good time 玩得愉快
知识点2定冠词the
(1)用于单、复数名词前,特别是当后面有短语或从句修饰时,表示某个或某些特定的人或物。
Beijing is the heart of our great motherland. 北京是我们伟大祖国的心脏。
(2)用于上文提到过的人或物之前。
It's a cup. The cup is blue. 它是一个杯子。这个杯子是蓝色的。
(3)用于某些形容词前,表示一类人。
the young 年轻人
(4)用于指说话双方都知道的人或物。
Please close the door. 请把门关上。
(5)用于表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物。
the sun太阳
(6)用于序数词前表示顺序。
the third group 第三组
(7)用在“play+the+乐器类名词”结构中。
play the erhu拉二胡
(8)与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示“……一家人”或“……夫妇”。
The Blacks are in China. 布莱克一家人在中国。
知识点3零冠词
(1)play与球类、棋类名词连用时,名词前不使用冠词。
play football 踢足球
play chess下国际象棋
(2)在表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词。
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
(3)在日期、节日、季节等名词前不用冠词。
Children's Day 儿童节
注意:谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。
the Spring Festival 春节
(4)在一些固定搭配中。
by car坐汽车
随堂训练
1.He started to play _________ piano at the age of 9.
A.a B./ C.the D.an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他在九岁时开始弹钢琴。
a一个,不定冠词,常用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;/零冠词;the这个,定冠词;an一个,不定冠词,常用于以元音音素开头的单词前。play the piano“弹钢琴”,固定搭配,乐器前要加定冠词the,此处应填the。
2.— John, what are you going to do this afternoon?
— I’m going to play ________ tennis with my brother.
A.the B.a C.an D./
【答案】D
【详解】句意:—— 约翰,你今天下午打算做什么?—— 我打算和我的哥哥打网球。
the这/那;a一;an一;/不填。结合语句I’m going to play … tennis with my brother.可知,play后接球类运动名词时,名词前面不加任何冠词。
3.Beijing is ________ capital of China. It plays an important role.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:北京是中国的首都。它扮演着重要的角色。
a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前;the表特指;/零冠词。根据“capital of China”可知,此处是特指中国的首都,用定冠词。应填the。
4.Though this is ________ ugly bag, I think it is ________ useful thing for me to keep my books.
A.a; an B.a; the C.an; a D.an; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:虽然这是一个难看的包,但我认为它是一个用来装书的有用的东西。
a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。ugly是以元音音素开头的单词,第一空用an;useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,第二空用a。
5.We watched ________ exciting Chinese women’s table tennis game yesterday. ________ game made people all over the country cheer up.
A.an; The B.the; A C.a; The D.an; A
【答案】A
【详解】句意:昨天我们观看了一场激动人心的中国女子乒乓球比赛。这场比赛让全国人民都振奋起来了。
第一空:“一场激动人心的比赛”是泛指,需用不定冠词,exciting以元音音素开头,应用an;第二空:第二次提到同一场比赛,表特指,需用定冠词The。
there be句型
“there is/are+某人/某物+某地”结构表示“某地有某人或某物”,所表示的人或物都是泛指,而非特指。在这一结构中,there起到先行主语的作用,没有具体的词义。谓语动词be后的名词(短语)是真正的主语。
知识点1 there be句型的句式结构
句子类型
句子结构
例句
肯定句
There+be+主语+其他.
There are some students in the playground.操场上有一些学生。
否定句
There+be+not+主语+其他.
There aren't any students in the playground.操场上没有学生。
一般疑问句及其答语
Be+there+主语+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, there+be.
否定回答:No, there+be not.(be not在实际运用中要缩写)
—Are there any students in the playground?操场上有学生吗?
—Yes, there are.是的,有。
—No, there aren't.不,没有。
知识点2 there be句型中的主谓一致
(1)在there be句型中,谓语动词be在数上与后面的人或物保持一致。当后面的人或物为可数名词单数或不可数名词时,be动词用is;当后面的人或物为可数名词复数时,be动词用are。
There is a boy under the tree.那棵树下有一个男孩。
There are two birds in the tree.那棵树上有两只鸟。
(2)如果有两个或更多的名词(短语)作主语,be动词与靠近它的名词(短语)在数上保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
There is a table and four chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
There are three apples and a pear on the plate.盘子里有三个苹果和一个梨。
随堂训练
1.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.
A.is B.are C.will be D.was
【答案】C
【详解】句意:今晚电视上将有一场足球比赛。
is是;are是 ;will be将会有/将会是;was是。 时间标志词this evening(今晚)表示将来,句子要用一般将来时;There be句型将来时结构There will be + 名词;is、are为一般现在时,不符合“今晚将要”;was是一般过去时,时态不符;名词a football match是单数,也契合will be用法。
2.Look! There ________ some sheep on the farm.
A.has B.are C.have D.is
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!农场里有一些羊。
There be句型表示“某地存在某物”,不与have或has搭配。sheep是单复数同形名词,由some可知此处表复数概念,be动词应用复数形式are。
3.—Excuse me, is there a flower shop near here?
—________. It’s over there, next to the bookshop.
A.Yes, it is B.No, it isn’t C.Yes, there is D.No, there isn’t.
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,这附近有花店吗?——是的,有。它在那边,紧挨着书店。
问句是由“Is there”引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, there is,否定回答用No, there isn’t。根据答语后句“It’s over there, next to the bookshop.”可知花店存在,应用肯定回答。
4.In Wang Mei’s old village school, there ________ desks for every student.
A.haven’t got B.aren’t C.isn’t D.don’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在王梅的旧村学校里,没有供每个学生使用的课桌。
haven’t got没有;aren’t不是,复数;isn’t不是,单数;don’t助动词。根据“there…desks for every student.”可知,本句为there be句型表示“存在”,不能与have/has混用,排除A项;“desks”为复数名词,be动词应用are,否定形式为aren’t,排除C项;there be句型的否定直接在be动词后加not,不用助动词do,排除D项。应填aren’t。
5.—Are there ________ vegetables in the fridge? —No, ________.
A.some; there aren’t B.any; there aren’t
C.some; there are D.any; there is
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——冰箱里有蔬菜吗?——不,没有。
some; there aren’t(一些;没有);any; there aren’t(任何;没有);some; there are(一些;有);any; there is(任何;有)。根据问句“Are there...?”为一般疑问句,通常用any;且答句“No”表示否定,问句已用Are there,答句应用there aren’t保持一致;同时vegetables为复数名词。应填any; there aren’t。
三.写作学习
如何写与自我介绍相关的文章
本单元的写作主要是介绍自己,要求同学们认识自我,学会向他人做自我介绍。自我介绍通常以问候或打招呼开始,然后介绍自己的姓名、班级、爱好、优点、近期经历以及对新学校的感受和期待等。写作时以第一人称为主,时态以一般现在时为主,一般过去时为辅。
例题
进入初中的第一天,英语老师让同学们课下完成学生卡,在课堂上用英语做自我介绍。请根据以下你的学生卡片内容,写一篇自我介绍发言稿。
Name: Li Hua
Age: 12
Character: active, lively...
Looks:tall,long hair...
Hobby: sports...
Advantage: helpful...
Share your latest summer holiday: ...
要求:(1)涵盖所有信息,可适当拓展内容;(2)词数:100左右。
写作导图
佳作展示
Hello everyone! My name is Li Hua. Nice to meet you all! Now I’d like to introduce myself to you.
I’m a 12-year-old girl with long hair from Chengdu. I’m active and I love sports very much. And I’m very skilled in playing volleyball. This summer holiday, I learned to swim.
And I went to the beach with my parents, but it was difficult for me to swim in the sea.I’m also very lively and helpful. I often help my friends with their difficulties.
In short,I’m outgoing and friendly and I'm very happy and excited to be one of you. Do you want to make friends with me?
随堂训练
假如你是新来的学生David,请根据表格里的提示,在英语课上向同学们做自我介绍。
Name
David
Age(年龄)
13
Favourite day
Sunday
Favourite sport
basketball
...
...
要求:1.条理清晰,意思连贯,语句通顺,标点正确;
2.必须包含表格里的所有内容,并补充至少一条信息;
3.文中不能出现真实姓名和班级
【答案】
My name is David. I’m 13 years old. I’m from London. My favourite day is Sunday because I don’t have classes on Sunday. I like sports and my favourite sport is basketball. I often play basketball after class. My favourite subject is English.
综合训练
语法训练
一.单项选择
1.I’d like two ________ and some ________.
A.egg; milk B.eggs; milk C.egg; milks D.eggs; milks
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我想要两个鸡蛋和一些牛奶。
根据数词two可知,其后应接可数名词复数,egg的复数形式是eggs;some后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词,milk是不可数名词,没有复数形式。应填eggs;milk。
2.You can see many animals on the farm. There are lots of ________ and some ________ here.
A.chickens; geese B.chickens; goose C.chicken; geese D.chicken; goose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你可以在农场看到许多动物。这里有很多鸡和一些鹅。
根据“lots of”和“some”可知,后面应接可数名词复数形式。chicken的复数是chickens,goose的复数是不规则变化geese。
3.—Daniel, what would you like for your dinner?
— I’d like to buy some ________ and two ________.
A. potatoes; kilos of beefs B.potato; kilos of beef
C.tomatoes; kilos of beef D.tomato; kilos of beefs
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——丹尼尔,你晚饭想吃什么?——我想买些西红柿和两公斤牛肉。
potatoes土豆,复数;potato土豆,单数;kilos of beefs几公斤牛肉,错误表达;kilos of beef几公斤牛肉;tomatoes西红柿,复数;tomato西红柿,单数。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,potato和tomato为可数名词,需用复数形式potatoes或tomatoes,据此排除B和D选项;beef意为“牛肉”,属于不可数名词,没有复数形式,两公斤牛肉应表达为two kilos of beef,据此排除A选项。
4.She tells English ________ in class.
A.stories B.story C.storys D.story’s
【答案】A
【详解】句意:她在课堂上讲英文故事。
tell stories 意为“讲故事”,是固定搭配,且story是以辅音字母加y结尾的可数名词,变复数时要改y为i再加-es。
5.There are many apples ________ the tree. How many ________ can you see ?
A.in; apple trees B.on; apple trees C.in; apples trees D.on; apples tree
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这棵树上有很多苹果。你能看见多少棵苹果树?
in the tree意为“在树上”,指非树上长出来的东西,如鸟;猫;塑料袋等在树上;on the tree意为“在树上”,指树上长出来的东西,如叶子;花或者果实等。根据空前的apples,可知第一空用介词on,排除选项A和C。第二空,apple意为“苹果”,是名词,修饰名词tree“树”,作定语,名词作定语用单数形式,apple tree意为“苹果树”,how many“多少”提问数量,其后接可数名词复数,trees应用复数。
6.This is ________ eraser, and ________ eraser is my eraser.
A.a; the B.an; the C.the; a D./; the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是一块橡皮,这块橡皮是我的橡皮。
第一空表示泛指“一块橡皮”,且eraser是以元音音素开头的单词,用an;第二空表示特指上文提到过的这块橡皮,用the。
7.I lost ________ eraser and it has ________ “L” on it.
A.an; a B.a; an C.an; an D.a; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我丢了一块橡皮,上面有一个字母“L”。
a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。eraser发音为/ɪˈreɪsər/,以元音音素开头,故用an;字母“L”发音为/el/,以元音音素/e/ 开头,故也用an。
8.Tom is ________ first to get to school every morning.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:汤姆每天早上都是第一个到达学校的。
a一个;an一个;the这/那;/ 不填。序数词first前面通常要用定冠词the修饰,表示特指顺序“第一”。
9.The Bird’s Nest, ________ important building in Beijing, dates from ________ 2008.
A.a; the B.an; the C.a; / D.an; /
【答案】D
【详解】句意:鸟巢,北京的一座重要建筑,建于2008年。
第一空后important是以元音音素开头的单词,泛指“一座”,用不定冠词an;第二空年份2008前不加任何冠词。
10.—Did you watch ______ film Dear You yesterday evening?
—Yes, it’s so moving. I want to watch it ______ second time.
A.an; the B.a; the C.a; a D.the; a
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你昨晚看了电影《给阿嬤的情书》吗?——是的,它太感人了。我想再看一遍。
an一(用于以元音音素开头的单词前);a一(用于以辅音音素开头的单词前);the这个/那个(定冠词,表示特指)。第一空“film Dear You”是特指这部电影,应用the;第二空“...second time”表示“再一次”,不表顺序,second为辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
二.完成句子
1.从窗户我可以看到森林、云、鸟、月亮和星星。
From the window, I can see the forest, the ________, the ________, the moon and the ________.
【答案】 clouds birds stars
【详解】原句中文“从窗户我可以看到森林、云、鸟、月亮和星星”给出对应景物,按顺序三个空缺分别对应云、鸟、星星,此处指看到的多个景物,名词用复数形式。故填clouds;birds;stars。
2.从我的房子我可以看到山丘和一条河。
I can see ________ and a ________ from my house.
【答案】 hills river
【详解】原句中“山丘”是关键词,表示“山丘”的英文是hill,此处表示泛指各类山丘,需要使用复数形式hills;原句中“一条河”是关键词,表示“河”的英文是river,前面有不定冠词a修饰,因此使用单数形式river。
3.我住的地方没有很多商店。
There ________ a lot of ________ here.
【答案】 aren’t shops/stores
【详解】原句中“没有”以及“商店”是关键词,表示“商店”的名词为shop/store,a lot of后接复数名词,shop的复数形式为shops,store的复数形式为stores;There be句型表示“某地有某物”,表示“没有”需将肯定句变为否定句,句子时态为一般现在时,主语shops为复数,be动词为are,否定式为aren’t。故填aren’t;shops/stores。
4.刘伟没有手臂,但他仍然能自己做许多令人惊奇的事情。
Liu Wei doesn’t have ________, but he can still do many amazing things ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 arms on his own
【详解】原句中“手臂”和“自己做”是关键词,“手臂”对应复数名词arms,“自己做”对应短语on his own,刚好匹配四个空格。故填:arms;on;his;own。
5.我们还有一些课外活动,比如绘画和足球。
We also have some ____________________ like ________ and football.
【答案】 after-school activities painting
【详解】原句中“课外活动”对应的短语是after-school activity,some后接可数名词复数,所以activity变为复数activities;此处介词like后面接名词,与football保持词性一致,“绘画”paint变为painting。应填after-school activities;painting。
6.会有美味的点心和饮料,比如春卷和自制饼干。
There ________ be delicious ________ and drinks like spring rolls and ________ cookies.
【答案】 will snacks homemade
【详解】原句中“会有”“点心”“自制的”是关键词,“将会有”对应的英文there will be;“点心”对应的英文名词为snacks,与drinks并列需用复数;“自制的”对应的英文形容词是homemade,修饰名词cookies。
7.马克斯喜欢运动。他决定加入足球俱乐部。
Max likes ________. He decides to join the ________ Club.
【答案】 sports Football
【详解】原句中“运动、足球”是关键词,表示“运动”的名词是sport,在英语中泛指“体育运动”时,常用复数形式sports;表示“足球”的名词是football,此处用名词作定语修饰Club,保持形式一致,需用大写。
8.双胞胎节在俄亥俄州举行,有游行和许多有趣的活动。
The Twins Days Festival takes ________ in Ohio. There is a big ________ and lots of fun ________.
【答案】 place parade activities
【详解】原句中“举行”、“游行”以及“活动”是关键词,表示“举行”的短语为“take place”,作谓语;表示“游行”的名词为“parade”,不定冠词a后接单数名词;表示“活动”的名词为“activity”,lots of后接可数名词复数,activity的复数形式为activities。故填place;parade;activities。
9.我没有兄弟姐妹,但我有很多表兄弟姐妹。
I don’t have any ________ or sisters, but I have lots of ________.
【答案】 brothers cousins
【详解】原句中“兄弟”是关键词,表示“兄弟”的英文是brother,此处用复数brothers,和后面的sisters保持一致;“表兄弟姐妹”是关键词,表示“表兄弟姐妹”的英文是cousin,可数名词,位于lots of之后,使用复数cousins。
10.我热爱阅读各种各样的书。
I ________ reading all kinds of ________.
【答案】 love books
【详解】原句中“热爱”“各种各样的书”是关键词,“热爱做某事”对应固定搭配love doing sth.;all kinds of后接可数名词复数,“书”的复数形式为books。本句描述日常爱好,用一般现在时,主语I后动词用原形。
11.There are ________ (twenty) students in the classroom. The ________ (twenty) one is my best friend.
【答案】 twenty twentieth
【详解】句意:教室里有二十名学生。第二十个是我最好的朋友。第一空后接可数名词复数students,表示数量,用基数词twenty;第二空后有one,表示“第二十”,需用序数词,twenty的序数词为twentieth,故依次填twenty;twentieth。
12.We are in Class ________ (七), Grade ________ (三).
【答案】 Seven Three
【详解】句意:我们在三年级七班。在英语中表达“几班”、“几年级”时,使用基数词,而不使用序数词。句中Class和Grade首字母已大写,表示专有名词(特指具体的班级和年级),因此后面的数字单词首字母也需大写。根据括号内的中文提示,“七”译为Seven,“三”译为Three。英语中表示班级和年级时,遵循“先小后大”的原则(先班后年级)。
13.The dance tells us the story of the ________ (十二) flower gods.
【答案】twelve
【详解】句意:这支舞蹈向我们讲述了十二花神的故事。twelve数词,意为“十二”。这里修饰复数名词短语flower gods(花神),表示数量,对应中国传统文化里的“十二花神”。故填twelve。
14.I have planted ________ (six) trees. You planted the ________ (six) one.
【答案】 six sixth
【详解】句意:我种了六棵树,你种了第六棵树。第一个空表示数量“六棵树”,用基数词six;第二个空表示“第六棵”,用序数词sixth。
15.I have tried ________ (three) times, and I will try a ________ (four) time.
【答案】 three fourth
【详解】句意:我已经尝试了三次,我将再尝试第四次。根据“times”可知,①处表示数量,需用基数词three,表示“三次”;根据语境“再尝试一次”及“a…time”可知,②处表示顺序,需用序数词fourth,构成“a fourth time”表示“又一次、第四次”。
16.我家附近有一个大公园,我的家人经常去那里。
________ a big park ________ my home, and my family often go there.
【答案】 There is/There’s near
【详解】原句中“有”和“附近”是关键词,表示“某地有某物”用there be句型,描述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,句子主语“a big park”为第三人称单数,be动词用is,句子首字母需大写;表示“在……附近”用介词near。
17.每个学期有多少激动人心的网球比赛在我们学校举行?(使用There be句型)
How many ________ in our school every term?
【答案】exciting tennis matches are there
【详解】原句“激动人心的网球比赛”和“有”是关键词,表示“激动人心的网球比赛”的短语exciting tennis matches;“有”用there be;此处是特殊疑问句,how many后接名词复数,be动词用are,语序为are there。
18.一天,他的父亲曹操说:“看!有一头大象。它有多重?”
One day, his father Cao Cao said, “Look! ________ ________ an elephant. How heavy is it?”
【答案】 There is
【详解】原句中“有”是关键词,此处需要用there be句型表示“有”(表客观存在),后面是单数名词an elephant,用There is即可。
19.我的自行车坏了,我要叫人来检查一下它。
There is ________ my bicycle and I want to ask ________.
【答案】 something wrong with someone to check it
【详解】原句的“坏了”和“叫人来检查一下它”是关键词,表示“某物坏了”用There is something wrong with...,表示“叫人做某事”用ask someone to do sth.表示“检查它”用check it。
20.悬崖村有很多令人惊叹的高山和河流。
________ ________ many amazing mountains and rivers in Cliff Village.
【答案】 There are
【详解】表示“某地有某物”用there be句型;后面的主语是many amazing mountains and rivers(复数),所以be动词用are。
三.语法填空
Peter lives in New York, America. He would like 1 (make) friends with young people from China. He thinks China is 2 interesting country. He is thirteen years old. He 3 (have) a younger sister. Every day, he goes to school 4 foot. The teachers are all very 5 (friend), so he likes his school, he likes 6 (swim) and playing basketball. These are his favourite 7 (hobby). He swims on Saturdays. He plays basketball with his classmates 8 (one) a week. He is good at Maths. He often helps his sister 9 her Maths. His dream is 10 (become) a mathematician (数学家). Can you write to him soon?
【答案】1.to make 2.an 3.has 4.on 5.friendly 6.swimming 7.hobbies 8.once 9.with 10.to become
【导语】本文主要介绍彼得的个人信息及爱好。
【详解】1.句意:他想和中国的年轻人交朋友。would like to do sth.“想做某事”,是固定词组。故填to make。
2.句意:他认为中国是一个有趣的国家。根据语境可知,此处表示泛指的一个有趣的国家,空后的“interesting”是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用an。故填an。
3.句意:他有一个妹妹。此处表示事实,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“He”,所以此处用三单形式。故填has。
4.句意:他每天步行上学。on foot“步行”,是固定词组。故填on。
5.句意:老师们都很友好,所以他喜欢他的学校,他喜欢游泳和打篮球。分析句子结构可知,此处用形容词形式,作表语,根据“so he likes his school”可知,他喜欢他的学校,说明老师们都很友好,friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。
6.句意:老师们都很友好,所以他喜欢他的学校,他喜欢游泳和打篮球。根据空后的“and playing basketball”并结合句子结构可知,此处也应用动名词形式,作宾语,like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,是固定词组。故填swimming。
7.句意:这些是他最喜欢的爱好。根据主语“These”可知,此处应用复数形式hobbies。故填hobbies。
8.句意:他每周和同学打一次篮球。根据“He plays basketball with his classmates…a week.”的语境可知,此处表示频率,once a week“每周一次”,是固定词组。故填once。
9.句意:他经常帮助妹妹学数学。help sb. with sth.“帮助某人做某事”,是固定词组。故填with。
10.句意:他的梦想是成为一名数学家。根据“His dream is…a mathematician”的语境并结合句子结构可知,此处应用不定式形式,作表语,表示未来或具体的动作,应填to become。故填to become。
四.语法选择
Good morning, everyone! Do 1 want to know me? I 2 a lively (活泼的) girl. My 3 is Han Fangfang. You can 4 me Fangfang. I am 5 Zaozhuang, Shandong Province (省). I am thirteen years old.
Ms Gao is my new Chinese teacher. When (当…… 时) we meet her in the school, we often 6 her and say “Hello, Ms Gao” to her. We like her very much.
I have a 7 friend. We are in the same 8 . Her name is Emma 9 she is from the US. We often help each 10 . In my class, there are many students from different countries (国家). We often talk and play together.
1.A.you B.her C.him D.them
2.A.is B.am C.be D.are
3.A.colour B.name C.number D.book
4.A.say B.tell C.speak D.call
5.A.on B.in C.from D.at
6.A.find B.greet C.see D.ask
7.A.fine B.big C.same D.good
8.A.home B.time C.class D.place
9.A.but B.so C.and D.or
10.A.everyone B.other C.the other D.others
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.B
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要介绍了韩芳芳的个人基本信息、她的语文老师高老师以及她的好朋友Emma等情况,展现了她的校园生活片段
1.句意:你们想了解我吗?
you你/你们;her她/她的;him他;them他们。根据“Good morning, everyone!”可知,做自我介绍时,说话的对象应该是“你们”。故选A。
2.句意:我是一个活泼的女孩。
is用于第三人称单数;am用于第一人称单数;be动词原形;are用于第二人称及复数。根据“I ... a lively girl.”可知,主语为I,be动词应该用第一人称单数形式am。故选B。
3.句意:我的名字是韩芳芳。
colour颜色;name名字;number数字;book书。根据“Han Fangfang”可知,此处是介绍自己的名字。故选B。
4.句意:你们可以叫我芳芳。
say说,后接内容;tell告诉;speak说,后接语言;call称呼。“call sb. + 名字”表示“称呼某人为……”,符合语境。故选D。
5.句意:我来自山东省枣庄市。
on在……上;in在……里;from来自;at在。“be from”为固定短语,意为“来自……”。故选C。
6.句意:当我们在学校里遇到她时,我们经常跟她打招呼,向她问好。
say说;greet打招呼;see看见;ask问。根据“say ‘Hello, Ms Gao’ to her”可知,此处是问候老师。故选B。
7.句意:我有一个好朋友。
fine好的,形容身体或天气;big大的;same相同的;good好的,形容人或事物。“good friend”表示“好朋友”,符合语境。故选D。
8.句意:我们在同一个班级。
home家;time时间;class班级;place地方。根据后文“In my class, there are many students from different countries.”可知,此处指在同一个班级。故选C。
9.句意:她的名字叫Emma,并且她来自美国。
but但是,表转折;so所以,表结果;and并且,表并列;or或者,表选择。“Her name is Emma”和“she is from the US”是并列关系,应用“and”连接。故选C。
10.句意:我们经常互相帮助。
everyone每个人;other其他的;the other另一个(两者中);others其他人/物。根据“We often help each ...”可知,此句表示我们经常互相帮助,each other意为“互相”。故选B。
写作训练
1.假如Laura是你的朋友,请根据以下信息,写一篇作文来介绍Laura。 ( 40—50字左右)
Name
Laura Green
Age
thirteen
Family
father, mother, brother( Tony) and Laura
Favorite
color: white food: salad sport: baseball
Bedroom
big, schoolbag(on the table), books( on the bookcase)
…
…
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文
Laura Green is my good friend. She is thirteen years old. There are four people in her family. They are her father, her mother, her brother Tony and she. Her favorite color is white. Her favorite food is salad. Her favorite sport is baseball. She thinks playing baseball is easy for her. This is her bedroom. It’s big. Her schoolbag is on the table. Her books are on the bookcase.
【详解】[总体分析]
题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
提示:写作要点已给出,需要表达成句子,适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,介绍Laura Green的基本情况;
第二步,具体介绍Laura Green的家庭成员、喜好及房间摆设。
[亮点词汇]
①playing baseball打棒球
②easy for sb对某人来说很容易
[高分句型]
①There are four people in her family.(there be句型)
②She thinks playing baseball is easy for her.(that引导的宾语从句)
2.新学期开始了,英语老师让每位同学做简单的自我介绍。假如你是李雷,请你根据下面表格中的信息,用英语准备一段自我介绍。
姓名
李雷
来自
中国合肥
班级
七年级三班
年龄
12岁
电话号码
687 718
最喜欢的颜色
蓝色
最喜欢的运动
踢足球
最喜欢的季节
春天
要求:
1. 须包含所有提示信息,可适当发挥;
2. 不少于50词,文章开头已给出,但不计入总词数;
3. 思路清晰、行文连贯、字迹工整。
Hi, everyone!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文
Hi, everyone! My name is Li Lei. I am twelve years old. I come from Hefei, China. I am in Class Three, Grade Seven. My phone number is 687718. My favourite color is blue and my favourite sport is playing football. I like spring best. I’m fond of singing, too. That’s all. Thank you!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是材料作文;
②时态:主要时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述,适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步:表明写作意图。借用“大家好,我是李雷”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步:具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——姓名、年龄、班级、电话及最爱等均要一一阐述。
第三步:书写结语。表达感谢。
[亮点词汇]
①come from来自
②play football踢足球
③be fond of喜欢
[高分句型]
①My phone number is 687718. (主系表结构)
②I like spring best. (最高级用法)
3.假如你是李华,在学校的Welcome Party上被邀请发言,用英文自我介绍,请根据以下思维导图,写一篇文章。
要求:
1. 适当拓展,行文连贯;
2. 词数80左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文
Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. Let me introduce myself.
I am 13 years old this year. I am from Class One, Grade Seven. My hobby is doing sports. Basketball is my favorite. I am a helpful student, so I often help people do lots of things. This summer holiday, I went to Hainan with my parents. It was hot but beautiful. I swam and took many photos there. I was very happy. Here in this school, I want to make some new friends. Do you want to be my friend?
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态主要为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,注意不要遗漏要点,可适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,简要交代自己的基本情况;
第二步,详细介绍我的爱好和性格以及今年暑假所做的趣事;
第三步,介绍我的希望。
[亮点词汇]
①hobby爱好
②lots of大量
③want to do sth.想要做某事
[高分句型]
My hobby is doing sports.(动名词作表语)
4.假设你是李明,根据下面的提示,写一篇短文介绍自己。
1. 姓名:李明;年龄:13岁;来自:北京。
2. 爱好:喜欢运动,如打篮球、踢足球等。
3. 家庭成员:父亲是一名教师,母亲是一名医生。
4. 最喜欢的科目:英语,因为很有趣。
要求:语句通顺,意思连贯,不少于60词。
参考词汇:interesting 有趣的;play basketball 打篮球;play football 踢足球
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文:
Hello everyone, my name is Li Ming. I am 13 years old and I come from Beijing. I have many hobbies, but I like playing sports best. I really enjoy playing basketball and football. They make me healthy and strong. My father is a teacher. My mother is a doctor who takes good care of patients and always tries to make them feel better. I am very proud of them. My favorite subject is English. I think it is very interesting and useful.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇说明文。
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”。
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意前后句之间的逻辑关系的合理性。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表明写作意图。介绍自己的基础信息。
第二步,具体阐述写作内容。从“爱好”、“家庭成员”以及“喜欢的学科”三个方面详细介绍。
[亮点词汇]
①take good care of 好好照顾
②be proud of 以……骄傲
[高分句型]
①My mother is a doctor who takes good care of patients and always tries to make them feel better.(定语从句)
5.新学期开始了!成为初中生的你,喜欢你的新学校和同学吗?假如你是Alice,请根据以下思维导图的提示,给你的美国朋友Wendy写一封信,介绍一下你第一天的初中生活吧!
注意:
(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
(2)不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。
(3)语句连贯,词数60左右。作文开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
Dear Wendy,
Nice to write to you again. Now let me tell you something about my school life.
Today is my first day in junior high. I’m wearing a white shirt and a pair of blue jeans. All my clothes are new. I packed my schoolbag yesterday. I put all my textbooks, two pencils and an eraser in it.
My new school is very beautiful. Our teaching building has three floors. My classroom is on the first floor of it. There’s also a library. It’s on the third floor. Our dining hall is clean. The food in it is very delicious.
I am a bit nervous now, but I am excited to meet new teachers and classmates. I think we will be good friends!
Best wishes,
Alice
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