专题19 Unit 6 Fantastic friends 课文讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新七年级英语暑期预习系列（外研版）

专题19 Unit 6 Fantastic friends 课文讲解 一．单词学习 1.pigeon /ˈpidʒɪn/ n. 鸽子 2.surprise /səˈpraɪz/ n. 意想不到的事 surprised adj人对...感到惊讶 surprising adj令人惊讶的 3.knock around (在某处) 悠闲地度过 4.droppings /ˈdrɒpɪŋz/ n. (兽或鸟的) 粪 drop v. 掉落 5.boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 无趣的，无聊的，乏味的 bored adj人对...感到无聊 boring adj令人无聊的 6.feed /fɪd/ v. 喂养，饲养，给……食物 7.madly /ˈmaedli/ adv. 发狂地；无法控制地 8.scary /ˈskɛərɪ/ adj. 可怕的，骇人的，恐怖的 9.research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ n. 研究，调查 10.recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认出；认识；辨认出 11.themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron. 它们自己；他们自己；她们自己 12.mirror /ˈmɪrə/ n. 镜子 13.itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 自己，自身 14.maybe /ˈmeibi/ adv. 也许，大概，可能 15.several /ˈseverəl/ det. 几个，数个，一些 16.kilometre /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə/ n. 千米，公里 17.get lost 迷路 18.speed /spɪːd/ n. 速度，速率 19.amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的；了不起的 20.enough /iˈnʌf/ pron. 足够 21.beaver /ˈbiːvə/ n. 河狸，海狸 22.wolf /wʊlf/ n. 狼 23.engineer /ˌendʒəˈniə/ n. 工程师；设计师 24.hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄 25. rescue /ˈreskjʊ:/ n. 营救，救援 26.earthquake /ˈɜːθkwɛɪk/ n. 地震 earth n.地球 27.missing /ˈmisɪŋ/ adj. 找不到的 miss v. 错过，思念 28.save /serv/ v. 救，拯救，挽救 29.dead /ded/ adj. 死的，去世的 die v. 死 30.dodo /'doudou/ n. 渡渡鸟 31.as dead as a dodo 彻底死亡 32.character /'kærskto/ n. (书、剧本、电影中的)人物，角色 33.museum /mju:'zionn/ n. 博物馆，博物院 34.island /'aaland/ n. 岛，岛屿 35.ocean /'ouʃən/ n. 海洋，大海 36.plenty /'plenti/ pron. 丰富，充足，众多，大量 plenty of 许多 37.friendly /'frendli/ adj. 友好的，友善的 38.peaceful /'pisfəl/ adj. 和平的，非暴力的 peace n.和平 39.arrive /ə'raɪv/ v. 到达，抵达 40.forest /'fɒrɪst/ n. 森林，林区 rainforest 雨林 41.hunt /hʌnt/ v. 打猎；猎杀 42.die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 43.full /fʊl/ adj. 满的；满是……的 be full of 充满 44.fantastic /fæn'tæstɪk/ adj. 极好的，吸引人的，有趣的 45.as happy as a clam 非常高兴的，相当满足的 二．课文学习1 Understanding ideas Pigeon surprise Day 1 We're studying birds for Bird Week at school. Some lucky kids got penguins. But I have to write about... pigeons! Day 2 I'm watching pigeons in the park now. They just knock around -for the whole morning! They leave droppings here and there.Pigeons are BORING and DIRTY! A girl is feeding them. Argh! The birds are flying madly to her. They're SCARY! Day 3 I'm doing some online research. Pigeons can recognise themselves in mirrors. How surprising! Are they so clever?I'd better go and watch them again... Day 4 I'm back at the park again. Oh! That pigeon is looking at itself in the water! Maybe I was wrong about pigeons. Day 5 I'm reading in the library now. Oh, there are over 200 kinds of pigeons. Some can fly several thousand kilometres and don't get lost. They can also fly at speeds of over 100 km per hour. That's as fast as my dad's car! Well, pigeons aren't boring or scary. They are AMAZING - I just didn't know enough about them! 鸽子惊喜日 第一天：我们正在学校为“鸟类周”研究鸟类。一些幸运的孩子得到了企鹅模型，但我必须写的是……鸽子！ 第二天：我现在在公园观察鸽子。它们整个上午都在四处飞来飞去，到处留下粪便。鸽子真无聊又脏兮兮的！有个女孩正在给它们喂食——天啊！这些鸟儿简直疯狂地扑向她。它们真可怕！ 第三天，我做了一些网络研究。鸽子竟然能在镜子里认出自己，太令人惊讶了！它们真的这么聪明吗？我最好再去看看它们…… 第四天，我又回到了公园。哦！那只鸽子正在水中照着自己看！也许我对鸽子的看法有误。 第五天，我正在图书馆阅读。哦，鸽子的种类超过200种！有些鸽子能飞行数千公里且不会迷路，飞行速度甚至可达每小时100多公里——这和我父亲开的车速度一样快！其实鸽子既不无聊也不可怕，它们非常神奇——只是我对它们了解得还不够多罢了！ 课内知识解析 1.surprise /səˈpraɪz/ n.惊奇，惊讶；意想不到的事 surprising adj.令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的，出人意料的 辨析surprise, surprising与surprised surprise 名词 惊奇，惊讶（常用短语：to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是）；意想不到的事 动词 使惊讶；使感到意外 surprising 形容词 令人惊讶的，出人意料的 通常修饰物，说明事物本身的性质、特征等 surprised 形容词 惊奇的；惊讶的，觉得奇怪的；感觉意外的 通常用来表示人的主观感受 To my surprise, my little brother can read the poem.令我惊讶的是，我弟弟会念这首诗。 Sometimes receiving a letter is such a big surprise.有时候收到一封信是一个很大的惊喜。 Don’t you think it’s surprising?你不觉得这很令人惊讶吗？ We can see a new kind of art and may be surprised at its beauty.我们能看到一种新的艺术形式并可能对它的美感到惊讶。 Jack isn’t surprised at the surprising news. It’s such a surprise.杰克对这个令人惊讶的消息并不感到惊讶。这太令人惊讶了。 2.knock v.敲门（窗） ［不及物动词］knock at/on敲（门、窗等） One day, success will knock at your door.总有一天，成功会敲你的门。（乐山中考） Opportunity knocks but once.机不可失，时不再来。 （1）［可数名词］敲击声；敲门（或窗等）声 There is a knock on/at the door.有敲门声。 （2）［动词］碰；撞 knock sb. down打倒（或击倒、撞倒）某人 The man was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.这个人昨晚被车撞倒，进了医院。 该短语可单独使用，也可后接宾语。常指在没有明确目标或计划的情况下闲逛、消磨时光。相当于hang around。 On Saturdays I knock around with my friends.周六我都是和朋友们在一起度过。 Last Sunday, Jack knocked around town with his friends.上周日，杰克和朋友们一起在城里闲逛。 3.boring /ˈbɔ:rɪŋ/ adj.无趣的，无聊的，乏味的 属于-ing形式的形容词，常用来修饰物，可作表语或定语。 This party is boring.这个聚会很无聊。（作表语） I don’t want to listen to the boring speech.我不想听那个无聊的演讲。（作定语） boring 烦人的；无聊的 常用来修饰物，指物本身无趣 bored 感到厌烦的 常用来形容人的感受 The lecture was so boring that I felt bored within the first ten minutes.这个讲座太无聊了，头十分钟我就感到厌烦了。 4.feed（过去式fed）/fi:d/ v.喂养，饲养，给……食物 ［及物动词］喂养；饲养 feed sb./sth.喂某人/某物 It’s important to feed children a well-balanced diet. 重要的是要给孩子均衡的饮食。 Can you help me feed my dog?你能帮我喂狗吗？ （1）feed［及物动词］养，养活（全家、一群人） The elder brother had many children to feed. 哥哥有许多孩子要养活。（贺州中考） （2）feed的常用结构： ①feed...to...把……喂给…… You can feed nuts to the monkey.你可以把坚果喂给这只猴子吃。 ②feed...with...用……喂…… You can feed the monkey with nuts.你可以用坚果喂猴子。 ③feed on...（动物）以……为食 Pandas are black and white. They feed on bamboo. 大熊猫是黑白相间的。它们以竹子为食。 5.recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v.认出；认识；辨认出 此处为英式英语。美式英语中，拼法为recognize。 recognise sb./sth. by/from...通过……认出某人/某物 I recognise her by the red hair in the crowd.我通过她的红头发在人群中认出了她。 I recognised him from the photo in the paper.我从论文的照片中认出了他。 6.themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron.他们自己；她们自己；它们自己 反身代词，在句中常作宾语、表语或同位语。 The children can dress themselves now.这些孩子现在会自己穿衣服了。（在实义动词dress后作宾语） They weren’t themselves yesterday.他们昨天有些反常。（在系动词be后作表语） Don’t worry about them. They themselves can finish the task.不用担心他们。他们自己能完成这项任务。（作They的同位语） 反身代词大集合： 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself themselves herself itself 7.had better do sth.最好做某事 “I’d better”是“I had better”的缩略形式。 该短语表示劝告或建议，其否定形式为had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”。 We’d better exercise at least three times a week to keep healthy.我们最好每周至少锻炼三次来保持健康。 You had better explain it to our teacher, not to me.你最好向我们的老师解释，而不是向我解释。 8.maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ adv.也许，大概，可能（表示不肯定） 辨析maybe与may be maybe 大概；或许；可能 副词，常位于句首作状 语，相当于perhaps Maybe she is a doctor. =She may be a doctor. 她可能是一名医生。 may be 可能是 为“情态动词+动词原形”结构，在句中作谓语 9.as...as... 和……一样…… 表示同级比较， 两个as中间要用形容词或副词原级。 Mind health is as important as body health.心理健康和身体健康一样重要。 Look! Most of us have grown as tall as our teachers！瞧！我们大都长得和老师一样高啦！ 否定结构:not so/as...as...“不如……那样……”。 10.enough /ɪˈnʌf/ pron.足够；充分；充足 deter.足够的，充足的，充分的 （1）［代词］足够；充分；充足 Erica is worried that the children aren’t getting enough to eat.埃丽卡担心孩子们会吃不饱。 （2）［限定词］修饰名词，通常放在名词的前面。 There’ll be enough time to relax after you finish your work.你完成工作后会有足够的时间来放松。 ［副词］常用在形容词、副词和动词之后。 He is clever enough to overcome many difficulties.他足够聪明，可以克服很多困难。 He runs fast enough.他跑得足够快。 I didn’t train enough for the game.为那次比赛我训练得不够。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. They go to the cinema ______ (可能) once or twice a month. 2. How about having a ______ (惊喜) party for him? 3. These are Henry's ______ (观点) towards pigeons. 4. Susan is popular among young people because she is an ______ (迷人的) actress. 5. Several years later, I can't ______ (认出) her any longer! 6. He k______ around all over Europe for a few months. 7. The movie was so s______ that it made the little girl cry. 8. Look, Sam and Lucy are f______ chickens on the farm. 9. Some people can always enjoy t______ wherever they are. 10. My school is only two k______ away from my home. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. In my mind, the ______ (pigeon) stand for peace. 2. The students are doing some online (research) on wild animals. 3. These kinds of animals can (recognise) themselves in the mirror. 4. The children are enjoying ______ (them) playing in the water. 5. Kelly doesn't like history because she thinks it is ______ (bore). 6. Tim is ______ (watch) boat races on TV. 7. I will tell you something strange (奇怪的). You may be ______ (surprise) at it. 8. The boy's mother looked at him (mad). She asked him to clean the room. 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 《山居秋暝》是一首多么美的诗啊！ ______ ______ ______ beautiful poem Autumn Evening in the Mountains is! 2. 外面正在下大雨，因此你最好待在家里。 The rain is heavy outside, so ______ ______ ______ ______ stay at home. 3. 我弟弟正在到处找他的语文书。 My brother is looking for his Chinese book ______ ______ ______ ______. 4. 他放学后喜欢在公园里悠闲地打发时间。 He likes to ______ ______ ______ ______ the park after school. 5. 你如果忘记带地图，可能会迷路。 If you forget to bring a map, you might ______ ______ ______. 三．课文学习2 Reading for writing As Dead As a Dodo Are you looking at me? Do you know me? I'm a dodo! You may think I'm just a character in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Actually, there used to be thousands of us-for real. But now you can only see us in museums. We lived on an island in the Indian Ocean. In the happy old days, there was plenty of food to eat. All the other animals were friendly. What a peaceful and safe life! However, in 1598, humans arrived. They cut down the trees and our lovely forest was gone. They hunted us because we were slow and couldn't fly. What's more, their pigs, cats and dogs ate our eggs. As a result, we soon died out. So today we are standing in museums around the world. When you see us, please remember our sad story. The world is full of fantastic animals. Please try your best to help them. Make them as happy as a clam, not as dead as a dodo. 彻底死亡 你在看着我吗？你认识我吗？我是一只渡渡鸟！你可能认为我只是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的一个角色。其实，过去我们真实存在过成千上万。但现在你只能在博物馆里见到我们了。我们生活在印度洋的一个岛上。在那快乐的旧时光里，食物丰富。所有其他的动物都友好相待。多么宁静和安全的生活！然而，1598年，人类到来了。他们砍伐树木，我们美丽的森林就此消失。他们追猎我们，因为我们行动缓慢，不能飞行。更糟糕的是，他们的猪、猫和狗吃掉了我们的蛋。结果，我们很快就灭绝了。因此，今天我们站在世界各地的博物馆里。当你看到我们时，请记得我们悲伤的故事。世界上有很多奇妙的动物。请尽你所能去帮助它们。让它们像蛤蜊一样快乐，而不是像渡渡鸟一样绝迹。 课内知识解析 1.cut down 砍倒；削减，裁减 为“动词+副词”型短语。 cut+名词+down=cut down+名词 cut+人称代词（宾格形式，只能放中间）+down Don’t cut down trees.=Don’t cut trees down.不要砍伐树木。 The tree was dead, so he cut it down.这棵树死了，所以他把它砍倒了。 Spend your money on what you truly need. Then try to cut down on spending.把钱花在你真正需要的东西上。然后试着削减开支。 2.die（现在分词dying）out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 The wild koala is in danger of dying out.野生树袋熊濒临灭绝。 Many old customs are dying out.很多古老的习俗正在消失。 dead /ded/ adj.死的，去世的 ［形容词］在句中作定语或表语。 the dead死者 I’m afraid he is dead.恐怕他已经去世了。 Dead men tell no tales.死人不会告密。 Some festivals are held to honour the dead.一些节日是为了纪念死者而举办的。 He died in 1985 at the age of 76.他1985年去世，终年76岁。 Her dying wish was to have a simple burial.她的临终遗愿是办个简朴的葬礼。 Death is a great leveler.死亡面前，人人平等。 英文习语，常用于表示一件事毫无意义。这个习语的由来便是渡渡鸟的灭绝。 The campaign was as dead as a dodo.这场战役已经了无生机。 3.actually /ˈæktʃuəli / adv.实际上，事实上 ［副词］由“actual（adj.真实的；实际的）+-ly（后缀）”构成，用于强调真实的情况。 Actually，we should pay more attention to the “common” things around us. 实际上，我们应该更多地关注我们周围的“普通”事物。 4.used to...过去曾经…… 表示过去的习惯或者常态，但是现在已经不存在，其后接动词原形，且不与确定的过去时间连用。used to的否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to（usedn’t to）。 I used to be shy，but my teachers always encouraged me to be active and confident.我过去很害羞，但是我的老师总是鼓励我要积极和自信。 He didn’t use to wear glasses.=He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 5.plenty /ˈplenti/ pron.丰富，充足，众多，大量 ［代词］plenty of意为“大量;众多”，既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，相当于a lot of/lots of。 We have plenty to talk about. 我们有说不完的话。 There are plenty of books in the school library.学校图书馆里有很多书。 I need plenty of time to finish the work. 我需要很多时间来完成这项工作。 6.friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj.友好的，友善的 ［形容词］由“friend（n.朋友）+-ly（后缀）”构成。 friendship［名词］友谊 be friendly to sb.（=be kind/nice to sb.）对某人友好 My friend Jim is friendly to me. I hope our friendship will last forever.我的朋友吉姆对我很友好。我希望我们的友谊天长地久。 7.peaceful /ˈpi:sfəl/ adj.和平的，非暴力的 由“peace（作不可数名词）（n.和平；平静）+-ful（形容词后缀）”构成。 【语境串记】 We all love peace and want to live a peaceful life.我们都热爱和平，想过安宁的生活。 -ful表示“充满……的”，是常见的形容词后缀， 通常加在某些名词后构成相应的形容词。 colour（n.颜色）→colourful（adj.色彩丰富的） beauty（n.美丽）→beautiful（adj.美丽的） use（n.用途）→useful（adj.有用的） help（n.帮助）→helpful（adj.有帮助的） success（n.成功）→successful（adj.成功的） 8.what 引导的感叹句 What a beautiful garden (it is)! 多么漂亮的花园啊！ What interesting movies (they are)! 多么有趣的电影啊！ What delicious food (it is)! 多么美味的食物啊！ 【特别提醒】 what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句有时可以互相转换，但要注意部分单词顺序的变化。 What a lovely day it is!=How lovely the day is!多好的天气啊! 【巧学妙记】 感叹句，并不难，what和how放前面； what要与名词连，how后形或副出现； 主谓顺序不可变，省略它们也常见。 9.arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达，抵达 辨析arrive，get to与reach 三者都有“到达，抵达”之意，区别如下： The train will arrive in/get to/reach Beijing in two hours.这列火车将在两小时后到达北京。 I can arrive at/get to/reach the bus station at three.我可以在三点到达公共汽车站。 She arrived/got/reached here yesterday afternoon.她是昨天下午到这儿的。 10.as a result因此 He got up late this morning. As a result，he was late for school.今天早上他起晚了。因此，他上学迟到了。 as a result of意为“因此，由于”，相当于because of。 We put off the football match as a result of the awful weather.由于天气糟糕，我们推迟了足球比赛。 11.full /fʊl/ adj.满的；满是……的 ［形容词］满的；满是……的 其反义词是empty“空的”。 be full of充满 All in all，life is always full of beauty as long as you watch carefully.总而言之，只要你留心观察，生活总是充满美好。 （1）［形容词］忙的 相当于busy，其反义词是free“空闲的”。 Next week is full for me. I have lots of meetings to attend.我下周很忙，有很多会议要参加。 （2）［形容词］吃饱了的 其反义词是hungry“感到饿的；饥饿的”。 Thank you for your delicious cake，but I am really full.谢谢你美味的蛋糕，但是我真的饱了。 12.as happy as a clam 非常高兴的，相当满足的 英文习语，省略了后面的at high water（涨潮），比喻像涨潮时的蛤蜊一样快乐，因为海水退潮时蛤蜊很容易被捕食，到了涨潮时则无须担心。 He is as happy as a clam ever since he got his new job.自从找到新工作后，他一直非常快乐。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. No ______ (难怪) my brother isn't feeling well. He has got a cold. 2. ______ (好几座) buildings were on fire last night. 3. The government should do more ______ (研究) about animals' protection. 4. The boy looks at himself in the ______ (镜子). 5. ______ (向导) dogs are a big help to blind people. 6. Dogs can use their good sense of smelling to find m______ people in an earthquake. 7. Not only some humans are h______, but there are also some hero dogs. 8. The pigeon is looking at i______ in the water. 9. Sam doesn't like maths, because he thinks it's b______. 10. Your mother will be m______ when she sees the mess. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Dogs and some kinds of horses help ______ (guide) blind people. 2. Zhang Haofeng once saved some people in Phuket Island. He is one of the real ______ (hero). 3. The children are ______ (create) their own stories. 4. These ______ (engineer) built a new bridge that could withstand (承受) heavy traffic. 5. His most ______ (amaze) rescue took place after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. 6. A lot of people were ______ (miss) during the flood. 7. Working animals are great ______ (help) to humans. 8. Many animals are ______ (use) to us. For example, cats can make patients feel better. 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 他在二十岁时成了一位著名的歌手。 He became a famous singer ______________________________. 2. 依我看，你应该和邻居们和睦相处。 ______________________________, you should get on well with your neighbours. 3. 我真不敢相信这么小的孩子能吃这么多食物。 I ______________________________ such a little kid can eat so much food. 4. 实际上，曾经有成千上万只渡渡鸟。 Actually, there ______________________________ thousands of dodos. 5. 导盲犬对失明的人来说是很好的帮手。 Guide dogs are______________________________ to blind people. 综合训练 一．完形填空 Can you find Australia on a world map? It is a very large 1 . It is also one of the seven continents (洲). Most of its people live near the coast (海岸). The middle of the island is very 2 . Not too many people live there, but many 3 animals do! You may 4 Australia’s most famous animals. They are kangaroos. They have powerful back legs for 5 . Kangaroos are big, but they can jump very 6 ! Kangaroo babies spend their first few months riding in 7 mothers’ pouches (育儿袋). You may also know koalas. They spend almost all their time in trees. They stay there to 8 bigger animals below. Baby koalas 9 in their mothers’ pouches for seven months! After that, mother koalas carry their babies on their backs. Another tree animal is the kookaburra (笑翠鸟). It’s a large bird. It 10 like someone laughing out loud! There are many special animals living in Australia. Which would you like to meet? 1．A．river B．ocean C．island D．earth 2．A．close B．safe C．fun D．dry 3．A．unusual B．smart C．slow D．pet 4．A．research B．influence C．choose D．recognize 5．A．swimming B．jumping C．flying D．sleeping 6．A．fast B．hard C．soon D．well 7．A．its B．his C．her D．their 8．A．protect B．avoid C．join D．invite 9．A．fill B．hold C．feed D．ride 10．A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．tastes 2． 阅读理解 （1） What is the biggest treasure in your school? In Beijing 101 Middle School, it must be the two alpacas (羊驼)! “They came to our school in 2019,” said Zhang Ruixuan. The 15-year-old boy is one of the volunteers who take care of the alpacas together with the school’s workers. “We all love them because they are so cute!” During the break, the alpacas always come to the playground to watch the students exercise. At the end of the day, they sit in front of the school gate to see students off. “They give us great company (陪伴),” said Zhang. Zhang’s volunteer job is to stop students from hurting the animals. For example, some students may feed the alpacas with the wrong food. That’s not healthy for them. Some students may also scare the animals for fun. It is Zhang’s job to stop them. “Alpacas are very timid (胆小的),” said Zhang. “If you scare them, they will spit (吐口水) at you to protect themselves. But they are smart and gentle in nature. They will treat you the way you treat them.” The volunteers also need to help school workers clean the alpacas’ home. “We need to put dry grass inside. The smell there is quite strong,” said Zhang. “But by doing this, we learn to take responsibility (责任). After all, the alpacas bring us so much fun and comfort us when we feel sad. We should take good care of them in return.” 1．When did the two alpacas come to Beijing 101 Middle School? A．In 2017. B．In 2018. C．In 2019. 2．What jobs do volunteers do? ①to feed the alpacas ②to stop students from hurting the alpacas ③to help school workers clean the alpacas’ home A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 3．Why do the volunteers need to put dry grass inside of the alpacas’ home? A．Because the alpacas need to eat it. B．Because the alpacas need it to keep warm. C．Because the alpacas’ home smells quite strong. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Zhang? A．Honest. B．Responsible. C．Brave. 5．Which is the best title for the text? A．A Good Volunteer B．How to Take Care of the Alpacas C．Our School’s Biggest Treasure—Alpacas （2） One sunny morning, Bingo, a farm dog, wakes up at 5:30. After having a quick breakfast, Bingo starts his work. He first goes to the sheep’s house. He always helps the farmer Joe lead (带领) the sheep across the fields, so Bingo is really popular with the sheep. Bingo runs happily and goes around the sheep as they eat grass in the fields. At about a quarter to eleven, the sheep finish eating, and then Bingo leads them back to the house. Next, he goes to the chickens’ house. He watches the chickens peck (啄食) at their food. Sometimes, a few chickens go too far from the house. With a gentle bark (犬吠), Bingo calls them back. Two hours later, Bingo is too tired and rests under a tree. He watches the cows eat the green grass. But his rest doesn’t last long. Soon he hears Joe calling, “Bingo! I need your help!” Bingo jumps up and runs quickly to Joe. Joe is trying to fix an old fence (篱笆) because it’s broken. Without some parts of the fence, the cows get too close to the road. Bingo knows what to do! He barks at the cows and quickly leads them back to the safe place. As it’s getting dark, Bingo goes back to his bed. He spends the whole day helping his animal friends and working with Joe. The friendly dog is tired but happy! 1．What happens when some chickens go too far? A．Bingo runs to tell the farmer. B．The farmer comes and takes them back. C．Bingo barks gently to call them back. D．The other chickens go to bring them back. 2．Joe calls Bingo because he needs Bingo to help him ________. A．play with the cows B．fix the old fence together C．lead the cows back to safety D．lead the cows across the road 3．Read the following events (事件) and put each event in the right box on the time line. Which one is right? ①Bingo rests under a tree when the cows eat grass. ②Bingo watches the chickens and brings those far away back. ③Bingo helps Joe drive the cows back. ④Bingo goes to the sheep’s house and leads them to the fields. ⑤Bingo takes the sheep back to the house after they finish eating. A．①②③④⑤ B．④①③⑤② C．⑤③①②④ D．④⑤②①③ 4．What does the underlined word “rest” probably mean? A．laughs B．breaks C．cries D．runs 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Bingo’s Busy Day B．Life on a Farm C．Joe and His Farm Dog D．A Happy Dog 三．语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 We see many animals, like rabbits, bees (蜜蜂), birds, 1 (sheep)...but do you know how these animals communicate (交流)? 2 (one), let’s see a rabbit. When a rabbit 3 (see) something dangerous, it runs away at once. When it runs, 4 (it) tail (尾巴) moves up and down. When other rabbits see this, they run away too. Many other 5 (animal) use this kind of language. When a bee finds some food, it goes back 6 its home. It cannot tell other bees where the food is by speaking to them, 7 it does a little dance in the air. This may tell other bees where the food is. Some animals say things by 8 (make) sounds just like people do. For example, a dog barks when 9 stranger (陌生人) comes near. Some birds can make several different sounds, each with its own meaning. In a word, each animal 10 (have) its own language. 四．选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 welcome   be   farm   under   duck   black   animal   six   dog   favorite   carrot   beautiful Look! This is my uncle’s 1 . It is big and 2 , with green grass everywhere and tall trees around it. You can hear birds singing happily in the trees every morning. There are many 3 in it. There 4 ten pigs. They are very cute, with pink skin and short tails. They’re eating vegetables like cabbages and carrots. There are two 5 . They are very clever—they can run fast and even follow my uncle’s simple orders. They’re eating meat (肉). The two dogs can help a lot, like watching the farm at night. Look at the cows there. How many? Oh! 6 cows. They are 7 and white, with big eyes and long ears. They’re eating grass slowly. They are very fat. Look! Twelve hens. They have soft feathers (羽毛) and lay eggs every day. They’re eating rice. The rabbits are eating 8 . Their long ears move when they chew (咀嚼). Look there! The 9 are swimming in the lake, leaving small ripples (涟漪) behind them. 10 to my uncle’s farm! It’s such a fun place! 五．任务型阅读 Many children like clownfish (小丑鱼) because of the cartoon film Finding Nemo (海底总动员). They look friendly and cute in the film. But real (真正的) clownfish are not like that. There are about 30 kinds of clownfish in the world, and not all of them are orange or have three stripes (条纹). Some are yellow or red. Some have one or two stripes. Clownfish love their homes. They feel nervous when other fish come near their homes. How do they know if the fish are friends or not? A new study shows that they count (数) the stripes. They welcome a fish that has different stripes. But they will bite (咬) the fish that have the same stripes as them. Japanese scientists raised (养) some clownfish with three stripes. When the clownfish were six months old, the scientists put some other kinds of clownfish into the water. What happened? They ran after and bit the new clownfish with three stripes, but they were friendly to the clownfish with other looks. Then, the scientists made some fake (假的) fish with one, two or three stripes. They put the fake fish near three-striped clownfish. The clownfish also bit three-striped fake fish. “The clownfish can count numbers, at least to three. They did this to tell new comer is a friend or not,” said Kina Hayashi. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．What do clownfish look like in the film Finding Nemo? 2．How many kinds of clownfish are there in the world? 3．How do clownfish feel when other fish come near their homes? 4．How do clownfish know if the fish are friends or not? 5．Do clownfish bite the three-striped fish or the one-striped fish? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题19 Unit 6 Fantastic friends 课文讲解 一．单词学习 1.pigeon /ˈpidʒɪn/ n. 鸽子 2.surprise /səˈpraɪz/ n. 意想不到的事 surprised adj人对...感到惊讶 surprising adj令人惊讶的 3.knock around (在某处) 悠闲地度过 4.droppings /ˈdrɒpɪŋz/ n. (兽或鸟的) 粪 drop v. 掉落 5.boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 无趣的，无聊的，乏味的 bored adj人对...感到无聊 boring adj令人无聊的 6.feed /fɪd/ v. 喂养，饲养，给……食物 7.madly /ˈmaedli/ adv. 发狂地；无法控制地 8.scary /ˈskɛərɪ/ adj. 可怕的，骇人的，恐怖的 9.research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ n. 研究，调查 10.recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认出；认识；辨认出 11.themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron. 它们自己；他们自己；她们自己 12.mirror /ˈmɪrə/ n. 镜子 13.itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 自己，自身 14.maybe /ˈmeibi/ adv. 也许，大概，可能 15.several /ˈseverəl/ det. 几个，数个，一些 16.kilometre /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə/ n. 千米，公里 17.get lost 迷路 18.speed /spɪːd/ n. 速度，速率 19.amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的；了不起的 20.enough /iˈnʌf/ pron. 足够 21.beaver /ˈbiːvə/ n. 河狸，海狸 22.wolf /wʊlf/ n. 狼 23.engineer /ˌendʒəˈniə/ n. 工程师；设计师 24.hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄 25. rescue /ˈreskjʊ:/ n. 营救，救援 26.earthquake /ˈɜːθkwɛɪk/ n. 地震 earth n.地球 27.missing /ˈmisɪŋ/ adj. 找不到的 miss v. 错过，思念 28.save /serv/ v. 救，拯救，挽救 29.dead /ded/ adj. 死的，去世的 die v. 死 30.dodo /'doudou/ n. 渡渡鸟 31.as dead as a dodo 彻底死亡 32.character /'kærskto/ n. (书、剧本、电影中的)人物，角色 33.museum /mju:'zionn/ n. 博物馆，博物院 34.island /'aaland/ n. 岛，岛屿 35.ocean /'ouʃən/ n. 海洋，大海 36.plenty /'plenti/ pron. 丰富，充足，众多，大量 plenty of 许多 37.friendly /'frendli/ adj. 友好的，友善的 38.peaceful /'pisfəl/ adj. 和平的，非暴力的 peace n.和平 39.arrive /ə'raɪv/ v. 到达，抵达 40.forest /'fɒrɪst/ n. 森林，林区 rainforest 雨林 41.hunt /hʌnt/ v. 打猎；猎杀 42.die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 43.full /fʊl/ adj. 满的；满是……的 be full of 充满 44.fantastic /fæn'tæstɪk/ adj. 极好的，吸引人的，有趣的 45.as happy as a clam 非常高兴的，相当满足的 二．课文学习1 Understanding ideas Pigeon surprise Day 1 We're studying birds for Bird Week at school. Some lucky kids got penguins. But I have to write about... pigeons! Day 2 I'm watching pigeons in the park now. They just knock around -for the whole morning! They leave droppings here and there.Pigeons are BORING and DIRTY! A girl is feeding them. Argh! The birds are flying madly to her. They're SCARY! Day 3 I'm doing some online research. Pigeons can recognise themselves in mirrors. How surprising! Are they so clever?I'd better go and watch them again... Day 4 I'm back at the park again. Oh! That pigeon is looking at itself in the water! Maybe I was wrong about pigeons. Day 5 I'm reading in the library now. Oh, there are over 200 kinds of pigeons. Some can fly several thousand kilometres and don't get lost. They can also fly at speeds of over 100 km per hour. That's as fast as my dad's car! Well, pigeons aren't boring or scary. They are AMAZING - I just didn't know enough about them! 鸽子惊喜日 第一天：我们正在学校为“鸟类周”研究鸟类。一些幸运的孩子得到了企鹅模型，但我必须写的是……鸽子！ 第二天：我现在在公园观察鸽子。它们整个上午都在四处飞来飞去，到处留下粪便。鸽子真无聊又脏兮兮的！有个女孩正在给它们喂食——天啊！这些鸟儿简直疯狂地扑向她。它们真可怕！ 第三天，我做了一些网络研究。鸽子竟然能在镜子里认出自己，太令人惊讶了！它们真的这么聪明吗？我最好再去看看它们…… 第四天，我又回到了公园。哦！那只鸽子正在水中照着自己看！也许我对鸽子的看法有误。 第五天，我正在图书馆阅读。哦，鸽子的种类超过200种！有些鸽子能飞行数千公里且不会迷路，飞行速度甚至可达每小时100多公里——这和我父亲开的车速度一样快！其实鸽子既不无聊也不可怕，它们非常神奇——只是我对它们了解得还不够多罢了！ 课内知识解析 1.surprise /səˈpraɪz/ n.惊奇，惊讶；意想不到的事 surprising adj.令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的，出人意料的 辨析surprise, surprising与surprised surprise 名词 惊奇，惊讶（常用短语：to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是）；意想不到的事 动词 使惊讶；使感到意外 surprising 形容词 令人惊讶的，出人意料的 通常修饰物，说明事物本身的性质、特征等 surprised 形容词 惊奇的；惊讶的，觉得奇怪的；感觉意外的 通常用来表示人的主观感受 To my surprise, my little brother can read the poem.令我惊讶的是，我弟弟会念这首诗。 Sometimes receiving a letter is such a big surprise.有时候收到一封信是一个很大的惊喜。 Don’t you think it’s surprising?你不觉得这很令人惊讶吗？ We can see a new kind of art and may be surprised at its beauty.我们能看到一种新的艺术形式并可能对它的美感到惊讶。 【语境串记】 Jack isn’t surprised at the surprising news. It’s such a surprise.杰克对这个令人惊讶的消息并不感到惊讶。这太令人惊讶了。 2.knock v.敲门（窗） ［不及物动词］knock at/on敲（门、窗等） One day, success will knock at your door.总有一天，成功会敲你的门。（乐山中考） Opportunity knocks but once.机不可失，时不再来。 （1）［可数名词］敲击声；敲门（或窗等）声 There is a knock on/at the door.有敲门声。 （2）［动词］碰；撞 knock sb. down打倒（或击倒、撞倒）某人 The man was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.这个人昨晚被车撞倒，进了医院。 knock around（在某处）悠闲地度过 该短语可单独使用，也可后接宾语。常指在没有明确目标或计划的情况下闲逛、消磨时光。相当于hang around。 On Saturdays I knock around with my friends.周六我都是和朋友们在一起度过。 Last Sunday, Jack knocked around town with his friends.上周日，杰克和朋友们一起在城里闲逛。 3.boring /ˈbɔ:rɪŋ/ adj.无趣的，无聊的，乏味的 属于-ing形式的形容词，常用来修饰物，可作表语或定语。 This party is boring.这个聚会很无聊。（作表语） I don’t want to listen to the boring speech.我不想听那个无聊的演讲。（作定语） 辨析 boring与bored boring 烦人的；无聊的 常用来修饰物，指物本身无趣 bored 感到厌烦的 常用来形容人的感受 【语境串记】 The lecture was so boring that I felt bored within the first ten minutes.这个讲座太无聊了，头十分钟我就感到厌烦了。 4.feed（过去式fed）/fi:d/ v.喂养，饲养，给……食物 ［及物动词］喂养；饲养 feed sb./sth.喂某人/某物 It’s important to feed children a well-balanced diet. 重要的是要给孩子均衡的饮食。 Can you help me feed my dog?你能帮我喂狗吗？ （1）feed［及物动词］养，养活（全家、一群人） The elder brother had many children to feed. 哥哥有许多孩子要养活。（贺州中考） （2）feed的常用结构： ①feed...to...把……喂给…… You can feed nuts to the monkey.你可以把坚果喂给这只猴子吃。 ②feed...with...用……喂…… You can feed the monkey with nuts.你可以用坚果喂猴子。 ③feed on...（动物）以……为食 Pandas are black and white. They feed on bamboo. 大熊猫是黑白相间的。它们以竹子为食。 5.recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v.认出；认识；辨认出 此处为英式英语。美式英语中，拼法为recognize。 recognise sb./sth. by/from...通过……认出某人/某物 I recognise her by the red hair in the crowd.我通过她的红头发在人群中认出了她。 I recognised him from the photo in the paper.我从论文的照片中认出了他。 6.themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron.他们自己；她们自己；它们自己 反身代词，在句中常作宾语、表语或同位语。 The children can dress themselves now.这些孩子现在会自己穿衣服了。（在实义动词dress后作宾语） They weren’t themselves yesterday.他们昨天有些反常。（在系动词be后作表语） Don’t worry about them. They themselves can finish the task.不用担心他们。他们自己能完成这项任务。（作They的同位语） 反身代词大集合： 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself themselves herself itself 7.had better do sth.最好做某事 “I’d better”是“I had better”的缩略形式。 该短语表示劝告或建议，其否定形式为had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”。 We’d better exercise at least three times a week to keep healthy.我们最好每周至少锻炼三次来保持健康。 You had better explain it to our teacher, not to me.你最好向我们的老师解释，而不是向我解释。 8.maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ adv.也许，大概，可能（表示不肯定） 辨析maybe与may be maybe 大概；或许；可能 副词，常位于句首作状 语，相当于perhaps Maybe she is a doctor. =She may be a doctor. 她可能是一名医生。 may be 可能是 为“情态动词+动词原形”结构，在句中作谓语 9.as...as... 和……一样…… 表示同级比较， 两个as中间要用形容词或副词原级。 Mind health is as important as body health.心理健康和身体健康一样重要。 Look! Most of us have grown as tall as our teachers！瞧！我们大都长得和老师一样高啦！ 否定结构:not so/as...as...“不如……那样……”。 10.enough /ɪˈnʌf/ pron.足够；充分；充足 deter.足够的，充足的，充分的 （1）［代词］足够；充分；充足 Erica is worried that the children aren’t getting enough to eat.埃丽卡担心孩子们会吃不饱。 （2）［限定词］修饰名词，通常放在名词的前面。 There’ll be enough time to relax after you finish your work.你完成工作后会有足够的时间来放松。 ［副词］常用在形容词、副词和动词之后。 形容词+enough+to do sth.足够……可以做某事 He is clever enough to overcome many difficulties.他足够聪明，可以克服很多困难。 He runs fast enough.他跑得足够快。 I didn’t train enough for the game.为那次比赛我训练得不够。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. They go to the cinema ______ (可能) once or twice a month. 2. How about having a ______ (惊喜) party for him? 3. These are Henry's ______ (观点) towards pigeons. 4. Susan is popular among young people because she is an ______ (迷人的) actress. 5. Several years later, I can't ______ (认出) her any longer! 6. He k______ around all over Europe for a few months. 7. The movie was so s______ that it made the little girl cry. 8. Look, Sam and Lucy are f______ chickens on the farm. 9. Some people can always enjoy t______ wherever they are. 10. My school is only two k______ away from my home. 【答案】1. maybe 2. surprise 3. views 4. amazing 5. recognise 6. knocked 7. scary 8. feeding 9. themselves 10. kilometres 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. In my mind, the ______ (pigeon) stand for peace. 2. The students are doing some online (research) on wild animals. 3. These kinds of animals can (recognise) themselves in the mirror. 4. The children are enjoying ______ (them) playing in the water. 5. Kelly doesn't like history because she thinks it is ______ (bore). 6. Tim is ______ (watch) boat races on TV. 7. I will tell you something strange (奇怪的). You may be ______ (surprise) at it. 8. The boy's mother looked at him (mad). She asked him to clean the room. 【答案】1. pigeons 2. research 3. recognise 4. themselves 5. boring 6. watching7. surprised 8. madly 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 《山居秋暝》是一首多么美的诗啊！ ______ ______ ______ beautiful poem Autumn Evening in the Mountains is! 2. 外面正在下大雨，因此你最好待在家里。 The rain is heavy outside, so ______ ______ ______ ______ stay at home. 3. 我弟弟正在到处找他的语文书。 My brother is looking for his Chinese book ______ ______ ______ ______. 4. 他放学后喜欢在公园里悠闲地打发时间。 He likes to ______ ______ ______ ______ the park after school. 5. 你如果忘记带地图，可能会迷路。 If you forget to bring a map, you might ______ ______ ______. 【答案】1. What a 2. you'd better 3. here and there 4. knock around 5. get lost 三．课文学习2 Reading for writing As Dead As a Dodo Are you looking at me? Do you know me? I'm a dodo! You may think I'm just a character in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Actually, there used to be thousands of us-for real. But now you can only see us in museums. We lived on an island in the Indian Ocean. In the happy old days, there was plenty of food to eat. All the other animals were friendly. What a peaceful and safe life! However, in 1598, humans arrived. They cut down the trees and our lovely forest was gone. They hunted us because we were slow and couldn't fly. What's more, their pigs, cats and dogs ate our eggs. As a result, we soon died out. So today we are standing in museums around the world. When you see us, please remember our sad story. The world is full of fantastic animals. Please try your best to help them. Make them as happy as a clam, not as dead as a dodo. 彻底死亡 你在看着我吗？你认识我吗？我是一只渡渡鸟！你可能认为我只是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的一个角色。其实，过去我们真实存在过成千上万。但现在你只能在博物馆里见到我们了。我们生活在印度洋的一个岛上。在那快乐的旧时光里，食物丰富。所有其他的动物都友好相待。多么宁静和安全的生活！然而，1598年，人类到来了。他们砍伐树木，我们美丽的森林就此消失。他们追猎我们，因为我们行动缓慢，不能飞行。更糟糕的是，他们的猪、猫和狗吃掉了我们的蛋。结果，我们很快就灭绝了。因此，今天我们站在世界各地的博物馆里。当你看到我们时，请记得我们悲伤的故事。世界上有很多奇妙的动物。请尽你所能去帮助它们。让它们像蛤蜊一样快乐，而不是像渡渡鸟一样绝迹。 课内知识解析 1.cut down 砍倒；削减，裁减 为“动词+副词”型短语。 cut+名词+down=cut down+名词 cut+人称代词（宾格形式，只能放中间）+down Don’t cut down trees.=Don’t cut trees down.不要砍伐树木。 The tree was dead, so he cut it down.这棵树死了，所以他把它砍倒了。 cut down还可意为“减少，缩减”。 Spend your money on what you truly need. Then try to cut down on spending.把钱花在你真正需要的东西上。然后试着削减开支。 2.die（现在分词dying）out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 The wild koala is in danger of dying out.野生树袋熊濒临灭绝。 Many old customs are dying out.很多古老的习俗正在消失。 dead /ded/ adj.死的，去世的 ［形容词］在句中作定语或表语。 the dead死者 I’m afraid he is dead.恐怕他已经去世了。 Dead men tell no tales.死人不会告密。 Some festivals are held to honour the dead.一些节日是为了纪念死者而举办的。 He died in 1985 at the age of 76.他1985年去世，终年76岁。 Her dying wish was to have a simple burial.她的临终遗愿是办个简朴的葬礼。 Death is a great leveler.死亡面前，人人平等。 as dead as a dodo彻底死亡；已经失效；不再使用 英文习语，常用于表示一件事毫无意义。这个习语的由来便是渡渡鸟的灭绝。 The campaign was as dead as a dodo.这场战役已经了无生机。 3.actually /ˈæktʃuəli / adv.实际上，事实上 ［副词］由“actual（adj.真实的；实际的）+-ly（后缀）”构成，用于强调真实的情况。 Actually，we should pay more attention to the “common” things around us. 实际上，我们应该更多地关注我们周围的“普通”事物。 4.used to...过去曾经…… 表示过去的习惯或者常态，但是现在已经不存在，其后接动词原形，且不与确定的过去时间连用。used to的否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to（usedn’t to）。 I used to be shy，but my teachers always encouraged me to be active and confident.我过去很害羞，但是我的老师总是鼓励我要积极和自信。 He didn’t use to wear glasses.=He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。 5.plenty /ˈplenti/ pron.丰富，充足，众多，大量 ［代词］plenty of意为“大量;众多”，既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，相当于a lot of/lots of。 We have plenty to talk about. 我们有说不完的话。 There are plenty of books in the school library.学校图书馆里有很多书。 I need plenty of time to finish the work. 我需要很多时间来完成这项工作。 6.friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj.友好的，友善的 ［形容词］由“friend（n.朋友）+-ly（后缀）”构成。 friendship［名词］友谊 be friendly to sb.（=be kind/nice to sb.）对某人友好 【语境串记】 My friend Jim is friendly to me. I hope our friendship will last forever.我的朋友吉姆对我很友好。我希望我们的友谊天长地久。 7.peaceful /ˈpi:sfəl/ adj.和平的，非暴力的 由“peace（作不可数名词）（n.和平；平静）+-ful（形容词后缀）”构成。 【语境串记】 We all love peace and want to live a peaceful life.我们都热爱和平，想过安宁的生活。 -ful表示“充满……的”，是常见的形容词后缀， 通常加在某些名词后构成相应的形容词。 colour（n.颜色）→colourful（adj.色彩丰富的） beauty（n.美丽）→beautiful（adj.美丽的） use（n.用途）→useful（adj.有用的） help（n.帮助）→helpful（adj.有帮助的） success（n.成功）→successful（adj.成功的） 8.what 引导的感叹句 What a beautiful garden (it is)! 多么漂亮的花园啊！ What interesting movies (they are)! 多么有趣的电影啊！ What delicious food (it is)! 多么美味的食物啊！ 【特别提醒】 what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句有时可以互相转换，但要注意部分单词顺序的变化。 What a lovely day it is!=How lovely the day is!多好的天气啊! 【巧学妙记】 感叹句，并不难，what和how放前面； what要与名词连，how后形或副出现； 主谓顺序不可变，省略它们也常见。 9.arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达，抵达 辨析arrive，get to与reach 三者都有“到达，抵达”之意，区别如下： The train will arrive in/get to/reach Beijing in two hours.这列火车将在两小时后到达北京。 I can arrive at/get to/reach the bus station at three.我可以在三点到达公共汽车站。 She arrived/got/reached here yesterday afternoon.她是昨天下午到这儿的。 10.as a result因此 He got up late this morning. As a result，he was late for school.今天早上他起晚了。因此，他上学迟到了。 as a result of意为“因此，由于”，相当于because of。 We put off the football match as a result of the awful weather.由于天气糟糕，我们推迟了足球比赛。 11.full /fʊl/ adj.满的；满是……的 ［形容词］满的；满是……的 其反义词是empty“空的”。 be full of充满 All in all，life is always full of beauty as long as you watch carefully.总而言之，只要你留心观察，生活总是充满美好。 （1）［形容词］忙的 相当于busy，其反义词是free“空闲的”。 Next week is full for me. I have lots of meetings to attend.我下周很忙，有很多会议要参加。 （2）［形容词］吃饱了的 其反义词是hungry“感到饿的；饥饿的”。 Thank you for your delicious cake，but I am really full.谢谢你美味的蛋糕，但是我真的饱了。 12.as happy as a clam 非常高兴的，相当满足的 英文习语，省略了后面的at high water（涨潮），比喻像涨潮时的蛤蜊一样快乐，因为海水退潮时蛤蜊很容易被捕食，到了涨潮时则无须担心。 He is as happy as a clam ever since he got his new job.自从找到新工作后，他一直非常快乐。 随堂训练 一、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示，用单词的正确形式填空 1. No ______ (难怪) my brother isn't feeling well. He has got a cold. 2. ______ (好几座) buildings were on fire last night. 3. The government should do more ______ (研究) about animals' protection. 4. The boy looks at himself in the ______ (镜子). 5. ______ (向导) dogs are a big help to blind people. 6. Dogs can use their good sense of smelling to find m______ people in an earthquake. 7. Not only some humans are h______, but there are also some hero dogs. 8. The pigeon is looking at i______ in the water. 9. Sam doesn't like maths, because he thinks it's b______. 10. Your mother will be m______ when she sees the mess. 【答案】1. wonder 2. Several 3. research 4. mirror 5. Guide 6. missing 7. heroes 8. itself 9. boring 10. mad 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Dogs and some kinds of horses help ______ (guide) blind people. 2. Zhang Haofeng once saved some people in Phuket Island. He is one of the real ______ (hero). 3. The children are ______ (create) their own stories. 4. These ______ (engineer) built a new bridge that could withstand (承受) heavy traffic. 5. His most ______ (amaze) rescue took place after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. 6. A lot of people were ______ (miss) during the flood. 7. Working animals are great ______ (help) to humans. 8. Many animals are ______ (use) to us. For example, cats can make patients feel better. 【答案】1. (to)guide 2. heroes 3. creating 4. engineers 5. amazing 6. missing 7. helpers 8. useful 三、完成句子，每空不止一词 1. 他在二十岁时成了一位著名的歌手。 He became a famous singer ______________________________. 2. 依我看，你应该和邻居们和睦相处。 ______________________________, you should get on well with your neighbours. 3. 我真不敢相信这么小的孩子能吃这么多食物。 I ______________________________ such a little kid can eat so much food. 4. 实际上，曾经有成千上万只渡渡鸟。 Actually, there ______________________________ thousands of dodos. 5. 导盲犬对失明的人来说是很好的帮手。 Guide dogs are______________________________ to blind people. 【答案】1. at the age of 2. In my opinion 3. can't believe 4. used to be 5. great helpers 综合训练 一．完形填空 Can you find Australia on a world map? It is a very large 1 . It is also one of the seven continents (洲). Most of its people live near the coast (海岸). The middle of the island is very 2 . Not too many people live there, but many 3 animals do! You may 4 Australia’s most famous animals. They are kangaroos. They have powerful back legs for 5 . Kangaroos are big, but they can jump very 6 ! Kangaroo babies spend their first few months riding in 7 mothers’ pouches (育儿袋). You may also know koalas. They spend almost all their time in trees. They stay there to 8 bigger animals below. Baby koalas 9 in their mothers’ pouches for seven months! After that, mother koalas carry their babies on their backs. Another tree animal is the kookaburra (笑翠鸟). It’s a large bird. It 10 like someone laughing out loud! There are many special animals living in Australia. Which would you like to meet? 1．A．river B．ocean C．island D．earth 2．A．close B．safe C．fun D．dry 3．A．unusual B．smart C．slow D．pet 4．A．research B．influence C．choose D．recognize 5．A．swimming B．jumping C．flying D．sleeping 6．A．fast B．hard C．soon D．well 7．A．its B．his C．her D．their 8．A．protect B．avoid C．join D．invite 9．A．fill B．hold C．feed D．ride 10．A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．tastes 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的地理位置、气候特点，以及袋鼠、考拉和笑翠鸟等独特动物的生活习性和特征。 【详解】1．句意：它是一个非常大的岛屿。 根据后文“The middle of the island”及地理常识可知，澳大利亚是一个大岛屿，island意为“岛屿”，符合地理常识。river“河流”、ocean“海洋”、earth“地球”，均不符合。 2．句意：岛屿的中部非常干燥。 根据“Not too many people live there”及地理常识可知，澳大利亚中部为沙漠气候，特点是干燥少雨，用dry“干燥的”。close“接近的”、safe“安全的”、fun“有趣的”，均无法解释人少的原因。 3．句意：那里住的人并不多，但许多不寻常的动物确实住在那里！ 根据下文介绍的袋鼠和考拉可知，这些动物很独特，unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合澳大利亚特有动物的描述。smart“聪明的”、slow“慢的”、pet“宠物”，均不能体现澳大利亚动物的特色。 4．句意：你可能认出澳大利亚最著名的动物。 袋鼠是澳大利亚的标志性动物，人们很容易“认出”它们，recognize意为“认出”，符合对知名动物的识别。research“研究”、influence“影响”、choose“选择”，不符合逻辑。 5．句意：它们有强壮的后腿用于跳跃。 根据后文“they can jump”可知，腿用于跳跃，jumping意为“跳跃”，符合袋鼠的运动方式。swimming“游泳”、flying“飞翔”、sleeping“睡觉”，均与后腿功能不符。 6．句意：袋鼠很大，但它们能跳得很快！ 根据“powerful back legs”可知，跳跃速度快。fast意为“快速地”，形容跳跃速度快。hard“努力地”、soon“很快”、well“好地”，均不能准确描述跳跃能力。 7．句意：袋鼠宝宝在它们母亲的育儿袋里度过前几个月。 主语“Kangaroo babies”是复数，对应their。its“它的”、his“他的”、her“她的”，均不符合复数语境。 8．句意：它们待在那里以避开下面更大的动物。 考拉待在树上是为了安全，避开捕食者，用avoid“避开”。protect“保护”、join“加入”、invite“邀请”，均不符合生存逻辑。 9．句意：考拉宝宝在母亲的育儿袋里待七个月！ 前文提到袋鼠宝宝“riding in...mothers’ pouches”，小考拉同理，ride符合。fill“装满”、hold“容纳”、feed“喂养”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：它听起来像有人大声笑！ 描述声音用sounds“听起来”。sounds like意为“听起来像”，符合笑翠鸟叫声的描述。looks“看起来”、smells“闻起来”、tastes“尝起来”，均不符合语境。 2． 阅读理解 （1） What is the biggest treasure in your school? In Beijing 101 Middle School, it must be the two alpacas (羊驼)! “They came to our school in 2019,” said Zhang Ruixuan. The 15-year-old boy is one of the volunteers who take care of the alpacas together with the school’s workers. “We all love them because they are so cute!” During the break, the alpacas always come to the playground to watch the students exercise. At the end of the day, they sit in front of the school gate to see students off. “They give us great company (陪伴),” said Zhang. Zhang’s volunteer job is to stop students from hurting the animals. For example, some students may feed the alpacas with the wrong food. That’s not healthy for them. Some students may also scare the animals for fun. It is Zhang’s job to stop them. “Alpacas are very timid (胆小的),” said Zhang. “If you scare them, they will spit (吐口水) at you to protect themselves. But they are smart and gentle in nature. They will treat you the way you treat them.” The volunteers also need to help school workers clean the alpacas’ home. “We need to put dry grass inside. The smell there is quite strong,” said Zhang. “But by doing this, we learn to take responsibility (责任). After all, the alpacas bring us so much fun and comfort us when we feel sad. We should take good care of them in return.” 1．When did the two alpacas come to Beijing 101 Middle School? A．In 2017. B．In 2018. C．In 2019. 2．What jobs do volunteers do? ①to feed the alpacas ②to stop students from hurting the alpacas ③to help school workers clean the alpacas’ home A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 3．Why do the volunteers need to put dry grass inside of the alpacas’ home? A．Because the alpacas need to eat it. B．Because the alpacas need it to keep warm. C．Because the alpacas’ home smells quite strong. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Zhang? A．Honest. B．Responsible. C．Brave. 5．Which is the best title for the text? A．A Good Volunteer B．How to Take Care of the Alpacas C．Our School’s Biggest Treasure—Alpacas 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了北京101中学里被全校视作最大宝藏的两只羊驼，以及学生志愿者照顾羊驼的工作内容与从中获得的成长感悟。 【详解】1．第二段“They came to our school in 2019”说明两只羊驼是在2019年来到学校的。 2．第四段“Zhang’s volunteer job is to stop students from hurting the animals.”及最后一段“The volunteers also need to help school workers clean the alpacas’ home.”说明志愿者的工作包括阻止学生伤害羊驼以及帮助工作人员打扫羊驼的住所，对应②③。 3．最后一段“We need to put dry grass inside. The smell there is quite strong,”说明往里面放干草是因为羊驼的家里气味很大。 4．最后一段“But by doing this, we learn to take responsibility (责任). ... We should take good care of them in return.”点明张瑞轩通过照顾羊驼学会了承担责任，并且认为应该好好照顾它们作为回报，这体现了他是一个有责任心的人。 5．文章第一段开篇点题“What is the biggest treasure in your school? In Beijing 101 Middle School, it must be the two alpacas (羊驼)!”，随后全文围绕学校里的羊驼以及学生如何照顾它们展开，C项符合最佳标题。 （2） One sunny morning, Bingo, a farm dog, wakes up at 5:30. After having a quick breakfast, Bingo starts his work. He first goes to the sheep’s house. He always helps the farmer Joe lead (带领) the sheep across the fields, so Bingo is really popular with the sheep. Bingo runs happily and goes around the sheep as they eat grass in the fields. At about a quarter to eleven, the sheep finish eating, and then Bingo leads them back to the house. Next, he goes to the chickens’ house. He watches the chickens peck (啄食) at their food. Sometimes, a few chickens go too far from the house. With a gentle bark (犬吠), Bingo calls them back. Two hours later, Bingo is too tired and rests under a tree. He watches the cows eat the green grass. But his rest doesn’t last long. Soon he hears Joe calling, “Bingo! I need your help!” Bingo jumps up and runs quickly to Joe. Joe is trying to fix an old fence (篱笆) because it’s broken. Without some parts of the fence, the cows get too close to the road. Bingo knows what to do! He barks at the cows and quickly leads them back to the safe place. As it’s getting dark, Bingo goes back to his bed. He spends the whole day helping his animal friends and working with Joe. The friendly dog is tired but happy! 1．What happens when some chickens go too far? A．Bingo runs to tell the farmer. B．The farmer comes and takes them back. C．Bingo barks gently to call them back. D．The other chickens go to bring them back. 2．Joe calls Bingo because he needs Bingo to help him ________. A．play with the cows B．fix the old fence together C．lead the cows back to safety D．lead the cows across the road 3．Read the following events (事件) and put each event in the right box on the time line. Which one is right? ①Bingo rests under a tree when the cows eat grass. ②Bingo watches the chickens and brings those far away back. ③Bingo helps Joe drive the cows back. ④Bingo goes to the sheep’s house and leads them to the fields. ⑤Bingo takes the sheep back to the house after they finish eating. A．①②③④⑤ B．④①③⑤② C．⑤③①②④ D．④⑤②①③ 4．What does the underlined word “rest” probably mean? A．laughs B．breaks C．cries D．runs 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Bingo’s Busy Day B．Life on a Farm C．Joe and His Farm Dog D．A Happy Dog 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了农场狗Bingo忙碌的一天，它帮助农民Joe带领羊群、照看鸡群、修理篱笆并引导牛群回到安全地方，虽然很累但很快乐。 【详解】1．文章第二段提到“Sometimes, a few chickens go too far from the house. With a gentle bark, Bingo calls them back.”，说明当一些鸡走得太远时，Bingo会轻轻地叫它们回来。 2．文章第四段指出Joe正在修理篱笆，因为篱笆坏了，牛会靠近道路，随后Bingo“barks at the cows and quickly leads them back to the safe place.”，说明Joe需要Bingo帮忙把牛群领回安全地带。 3．根据文章内容，事件发生的顺序为：Bingo去羊圈并带领它们去田野（④）；羊吃完草后，Bingo带它们回房子（⑤）；Bingo照看鸡群并把走远的鸡带回来（②）；当牛吃草时，Bingo在树下休息（①）；Bingo帮助Joe把牛赶回安全地方（③）。因此，正确顺序为④⑤②①③。 4．文章第三段说明“Two hours later, Bingo is too tired and rests under a tree.”，too tired提示rest意为“休息”，与breaks同义。 5．文章主要讲述了Bingo一天中的各项工作和活动，展现了它的忙碌和快乐，因此最佳标题为“Bingo’s Busy Day”（Bingo忙碌的一天）。 三．语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 We see many animals, like rabbits, bees (蜜蜂), birds, 1 (sheep)...but do you know how these animals communicate (交流)? 2 (one), let’s see a rabbit. When a rabbit 3 (see) something dangerous, it runs away at once. When it runs, 4 (it) tail (尾巴) moves up and down. When other rabbits see this, they run away too. Many other 5 (animal) use this kind of language. When a bee finds some food, it goes back 6 its home. It cannot tell other bees where the food is by speaking to them, 7 it does a little dance in the air. This may tell other bees where the food is. Some animals say things by 8 (make) sounds just like people do. For example, a dog barks when 9 stranger (陌生人) comes near. Some birds can make several different sounds, each with its own meaning. In a word, each animal 10 (have) its own language. 【答案】1．sheep 2．First 3．sees 4．its 5．animals 6．to 7．but 8．making 9．a 10．has 【导语】本文介绍了不同动物之间交流的方式，包括兔子、蜜蜂、狗和鸟等动物如何通过不同的方式来传递信息。 1．句意：我们看到许多动物，如兔子、蜜蜂、鸟、羊……。根据“rabbits, bees (蜜蜂), birds,…”可知，此处列举了多个动物名称，且sheep单复数同形。 2．句意：首先，让我们看看一只兔子。根据语境可知，此处表示“首先”，应用序数词first，且位于句首首字母应大写。 3．句意：当兔子看到危险的东西时，它立刻逃跑。根据“When a rabbit…something dangerous”可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词应用三单形式sees。 4．句意：当它跑的时候，它的尾巴上下移动。根据“…tail (尾巴) moves up and down”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词tail，表示“它的尾巴”。 5．句意：许多其他动物也使用这种语言。根据“Many other…”可知，此处应用名词复数形式animals，表示“许多其他动物”。 6．句意：当一只蜜蜂找到一些食物时，它会回到它的家。根据“it goes back…its home”可知，此处表示“回到它的家”，应用介词to表示方向。 7．句意：它不能通过和其他蜜蜂说话来告诉它们食物在哪里，但是它在空中跳一小段舞。根据“It cannot tell other bees where the food is by speaking to them,…it does a little dance in the air.”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用but连接。 8．句意：有些动物像人一样通过发出声音来说事情。根据“Some animals say things by…sounds”可知，此处表示“通过发出声音来说事情”，应用动名词making作介词by的宾语。 9．句意：例如，当有陌生人靠近时，狗会叫。根据“…stranger (陌生人) comes near”可知，此处表示“一个陌生人”，应用不定冠词a修饰名词stranger。 10．句意：总之，每种动物都有自己的语言。根据“In a word, each animal…its own language.”可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词应用三单形式has。 四．选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 welcome   be   farm   under   duck   black   animal   six   dog   favorite   carrot   beautiful Look! This is my uncle’s 1 . It is big and 2 , with green grass everywhere and tall trees around it. You can hear birds singing happily in the trees every morning. There are many 3 in it. There 4 ten pigs. They are very cute, with pink skin and short tails. They’re eating vegetables like cabbages and carrots. There are two 5 . They are very clever—they can run fast and even follow my uncle’s simple orders. They’re eating meat (肉). The two dogs can help a lot, like watching the farm at night. Look at the cows there. How many? Oh! 6 cows. They are 7 and white, with big eyes and long ears. They’re eating grass slowly. They are very fat. Look! Twelve hens. They have soft feathers (羽毛) and lay eggs every day. They’re eating rice. The rabbits are eating 8 . Their long ears move when they chew (咀嚼). Look there! The 9 are swimming in the lake, leaving small ripples (涟漪) behind them. 10 to my uncle’s farm! It’s such a fun place! 【答案】1．farm 2．beautiful 3．animals 4．are 5．dogs 6．Six 7．black 8．carrots 9．ducks 10．Welcome 【导语】本文介绍了作者叔叔的农场，描述了农场里的各种动物及其活动，包括猪、狗、牛、母鸡、兔子和鸭子，展现了农场的生机与趣味。 【详解】1．句意：这是我叔叔的农场。空格前为“my uncle’s”，表示所属关系，需要填入一个名词作宾语，根据下文介绍农场，备选词farm“农场”符合语义。 2．句意：它又大又漂亮。空格处需要填入形容词，与“big”并列作表语，备选词beautiful“漂亮的”符合语义。 3．句意：里面有很多动物。空格前“many”修饰可数名词复数，需要填入名词复数形式；结合下文“ten pigs”，此处是指有很多动物，备选词animal的复数形式符合语境。 4．句意：有十头猪。空格处需要填入be动词，与“ten pigs”构成存在结构。主语“ten pigs”为复数，且全文为一般现在时，故填are。 5．句意：有两条狗。空格前“two”修饰可数名词复数，需要填入名词复数形式。根据下文“聪明”及“跑得快”“遵守指令”等，备选词dog“狗”的复数形式dogs符合语境。 6．句意：六头奶牛。空格前“Oh!”提示数量，后文“cows”为复数，需要填入数词，备选词six“六”符合语境。 7．句意：它们是黑白相间的。空格处需要填入颜色形容词，与“white”并列作表语。根据常识，奶牛是黑白的，备选词black“黑色的”符合语境。 8．句意：兔子正在吃胡萝卜。空格前“eating”为及物动词，需要填入名词作宾语；结合常识，兔子喜欢吃胡萝卜，备选词carrot“胡萝卜”的复数形式carrots符合语境，此处用复数形式表泛指。 9．句意：它们正在湖里游泳。空格处需要填入名词复数作主语，与“are swimming”构成主谓结构，备选词duck“鸭子”的复数形式ducks符合语境。 10．句意：欢迎来到我叔叔的农场。空格处需要填入动词，构成祈使句表示欢迎，备选词welcome“欢迎”符合语境，固定搭配“Welcome to...”，且首字母需大写，故填Welcome。 五．任务型阅读 Many children like clownfish (小丑鱼) because of the cartoon film Finding Nemo (海底总动员). They look friendly and cute in the film. But real (真正的) clownfish are not like that. There are about 30 kinds of clownfish in the world, and not all of them are orange or have three stripes (条纹). Some are yellow or red. Some have one or two stripes. Clownfish love their homes. They feel nervous when other fish come near their homes. How do they know if the fish are friends or not? A new study shows that they count (数) the stripes. They welcome a fish that has different stripes. But they will bite (咬) the fish that have the same stripes as them. Japanese scientists raised (养) some clownfish with three stripes. When the clownfish were six months old, the scientists put some other kinds of clownfish into the water. What happened? They ran after and bit the new clownfish with three stripes, but they were friendly to the clownfish with other looks. Then, the scientists made some fake (假的) fish with one, two or three stripes. They put the fake fish near three-striped clownfish. The clownfish also bit three-striped fake fish. “The clownfish can count numbers, at least to three. They did this to tell new comer is a friend or not,” said Kina Hayashi. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．What do clownfish look like in the film Finding Nemo? 2．How many kinds of clownfish are there in the world? 3．How do clownfish feel when other fish come near their homes? 4．How do clownfish know if the fish are friends or not? 5．Do clownfish bite the three-striped fish or the one-striped fish? 【答案】1．Friendly and cute. 2．About 30 kinds. 3．They feel nervous. 4．By counting the stripes. 5．The three-striped fish. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了小丑鱼的种类、外观，以及它们通过数条纹来分辨同类的特殊能力。 1．根据“They look friendly and cute in the film.”可知，小丑鱼在电影《海底总动员》里看起来友好又可爱。故填Friendly and cute. 2．根据“There are about 30 kinds of clownfish in the world...”可知，世界上大约有30种小丑鱼。故填About 30 kinds. 3．根据“They feel nervous when other fish come near their homes.”可知，当其他鱼靠近它们的家时，小丑鱼会感到紧张。故填They feel nervous. 4．根据“How do they know if the fish are friends or not? A new study shows that they count the stripes.”可知，小丑鱼通过数条纹来分辨鱼是敌是友。故填By counting the stripes. 5．根据“But they will bite the fish that have the same stripes as them.”可知，小丑鱼会咬有相同条纹的鱼，即三条纹的鱼。故填The three-striped fish. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $