上海市同济中学2024-2025学年第一学期高三年级期中教学质量调研自编英语学科试卷

**基本信息** 以上海同济中学高三期中英语试卷为载体，聚焦AI医疗、远程办公等时代主题，通过语法、阅读、写作等题型融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |语法词汇|20题|非谓语、时态、词汇辨析|以AI医疗、远程办公为情境，考查语法应用与词汇精准运用| |阅读理解|33题|科技（量子计算）、社会（社交媒体）、经济（可再生能源）|选材前沿，设题层次分明，培养信息筛选与批判性思维| |翻译|4题|倒装、虚拟语气等句型|结合科技与人生主题，考查语言转换能力| |写作|1题|议论文写作|围绕AI工具使用争议，引导表达立场与建议，体现思维品质|

上海市同济中学2024-2025学年第一学期高三年级期中教学质量调研 英语学科试卷 2024.11 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. AI in Medical Diagnosis: A Quiet Revolution Artificial intelligence is transforming the field of medical diagnosis at an unprecedented pace. Over the past decade, machine learning algorithms (1)________ (train) on vast datasets of medical images have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in detecting diseases ranging from skin cancer to diabetic retinopathy. In some studies, AI systems (2)________ (outperform) experienced radiologists in identifying early-stage lung cancer from CT scans, (3)________ has sparked both excitement and debate within the medical community. The key advantage of AI lies in its ability to process enormous amounts of data far more quickly than any human ever could. An AI model can analyze thousands of X-ray images in minutes, identifying subtle patterns (4)________ might escape even the most trained eye. This capability is particularly valuable in regions (5)________ there is a severe shortage of trained medical professionals. In rural areas of developing countries, AI-powered diagnostic tools are already (6)________ (use) to screen patients for tuberculosis and other infectious diseases, significantly improving early detection rates. (7)________ the technology is promising, experts caution that AI should be viewed as a complement to human doctors rather than a replacement. Dr. Sarah Lim, a professor of biomedical informatics at Stanford, explains: "The question is not (8)________ AI will replace doctors, but how doctors who use AI will replace those who don't." She emphasizes that AI systems are only as good as the data on which they are trained, and that biased or incomplete datasets can lead to inaccurate diagnoses. Looking ahead, researchers are working on (9)________ (integrate) AI diagnostic tools directly into hospital workflows. The ultimate goal is not merely to automate the diagnostic process, (10)________ to enhance it — allowing doctors to spend less time analyzing images and more time communicating with patients. As one researcher put it, "Technology should serve the human touch, not substitute for it." Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accelerated B. commute C. fundamentally D. density E. flourished F. inequality G. retain H. shifted I. sustain J. vacancy K. witnessed L. thriving How Remote Work Is Reshaping Our Cities The COVID-19 pandemic (11)________ the global shift toward remote work, compressing a decade of predicted change into roughly two years. Today, millions of knowledge workers no longer (12)________ to central business districts five days a week. This transformation has (13)________ altered the economic geography of cities worldwide. In major metropolitan areas like New York and London, office (14)________ rates have climbed to historic highs. Once-bustling commercial districts now struggle to (15)________ the foot traffic that sustained thousands of local businesses—from coffee shops to dry cleaners. Meanwhile, residential neighborhoods in suburban and even rural areas have (16)________ as former office workers discover they can do their jobs from almost anywhere. Economists are divided on whether this trend will deepen social (17)________. On one hand, remote work has opened opportunities for people who cannot afford to live in expensive urban centers. On the other hand, the digital divide means that those without reliable internet access or suitable home office space may be left behind. "The key question," notes urban economist Dr. James Park, "is whether we can (18)________ inclusive growth when the geography of work becomes decentralized." Some cities are adapting creatively. Shanghai, for example, has (19)________ the rise of "15-minute community life circles," where residents can access most daily services within a short walk or bike ride. This model, which reduces the need for long commutes while maintaining urban (20)________, may offer a glimpse of the post-pandemic city. As planners reimagine urban spaces, one thing is clear: the relationship between where we live and where we work will never be quite the same. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Daniel Chen had always been the kind of person who believed that a good idea, combined with relentless effort, was enough to guarantee success. At twenty-three, he (21)________ a promising position at a top technology firm to launch his own startup. His concept — a mobile platform connecting local artisans with urban consumers — attracted initial funding from angel investors, and for the first year, everything seemed to be on an upward (22)________. But the startup world is notoriously (23)________. Within eighteen months, Daniel found himself facing a series of setbacks. A well-funded competitor entered the market, his lead engineer (24)________ the company, and a critical software bug caused the platform to crash during the peak holiday shopping season. By the end of the second year, the company had burned through nearly all of its capital, and Daniel was forced to (25)________ that his venture had failed. The months that followed were the (26)________ of his life. He had invested not only his savings but also his identity and self-worth in the startup. When it collapsed, he felt as though he had lost a part of himself. "I couldn't separate my (27)________ from my work," he later reflected. "And when the work failed, I thought I had failed as a person." It was during this period of (28)________ that Daniel discovered an unexpected resource: a community of fellow entrepreneurs who had experienced similar disappointments. Through weekly meetups and honest conversations, he began to understand that failure was not a permanent (29)________ but rather a painful yet valuable form of education. One mentor shared a piece of wisdom that stuck with him: "The most successful people are not those who never fail, but those who fail and then (30)________ to learn from it." With renewed perspective, Daniel began working on a new project — a smaller, more focused platform for independent furniture makers. This time, he (31)________ differently. He started with a modest pilot program rather than an ambitious nationwide launch. He built relationships with a handful of trusted craftsmen before (32)________ the platform to more users. Most importantly, he no longer tied his self-worth to the outcome of his venture. The new platform, (33)________ modest in scale, proved sustainable. Within two years, it was generating steady revenue and had built a loyal community of both artisans and buyers. Reflecting on his journey, Daniel said, "The first failure taught me something that success never could: resilience is not about (34)________ hardship; it is about rebuilding after it. The worst day of my career turned out to be the (35)________ of everything I have achieved since." 21. A. accepted B. declined C. resigned D. abandoned 22. A. path B. trajectory C. spiral D. curve 23. A. rewarding B. predictable C. unforgiving D. encouraging 24. A. joined B. reformed C. left D. restructured 25. A. celebrate B. deny C. acknowledge D. dispute 26. A. proudest B. darkest C. busiest D. shortest 27. A. identity B. salary C. schedule D. strategy 28. A. prosperity B. confusion C. reflection D. negotiation 29. A. solution B. advantage C. label D. assignment 30. A. hesitate B. decline C. struggle D. choose 31. A. approached B. avoided C. ignored D. dismissed 32. A. restricting B. expanding C. removing D. replacing 33. A. as B. if C. while D. since 34. A. embracing B. seeking C. avoiding D. understanding 35. A. burden B. foundation C. distraction D. conclusion Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Quantum Computing: The Next Frontier For decades, quantum computing has existed primarily in the realm of theoretical physics and science fiction. Unlike classical computers, which process information in binary bits that are either 0 or 1, quantum computers use quantum bits, or "qubits," which can exist in multiple states simultaneously thanks to a phenomenon known as superposition. This property, combined with another quantum phenomenon called entanglement, allows quantum computers to perform certain types of calculations at speeds that are exponentially faster than any classical machine. In 2019, Google announced that its quantum processor, Sycamore, had achieved "quantum supremacy" — meaning it had performed a specific calculation in 200 seconds that would have taken the world's fastest classical supercomputer approximately 10,000 years to complete. However, critics were quick to point out that the calculation was highly specialized and had no practical application. The real challenge, they argued, lies not in demonstrating mathematical superiority but in building quantum computers that can solve real-world problems. Recent breakthroughs suggest that practical quantum computing may be closer than previously thought. In 2023, researchers at IBM unveiled a 1,121-qubit processor, more than doubling the qubit count of its predecessor. Meanwhile, teams at Microsoft and Quantinuum have made significant progress in quantum error correction, a critical bottleneck that has long plagued the field. Error correction is essential because qubits are extraordinarily fragile; the slightest environmental disturbance — a tiny temperature fluctuation or a stray electromagnetic signal — can cause them to lose their quantum properties, a problem known as decoherence. The potential applications of fault-tolerant quantum computers are vast and transformative. In medicine, quantum simulations could accelerate drug discovery by modeling molecular interactions that are too complex for classical computers. In finance, quantum algorithms could optimize investment portfolios and detect fraud patterns with unprecedented speed. In materials science, quantum computers could help design more efficient solar cells and batteries. One particularly promising area is cryptography — quantum computers could break many of the encryption systems that currently protect global communications, which has spurred a race to develop quantum-resistant encryption standards. Yet significant obstacles remain. Building a useful quantum computer requires maintaining thousands of stable qubits at temperatures colder than deep space, while precisely controlling their interactions. The cost and complexity of this endeavor mean that, for the foreseeable future, quantum computing will remain primarily in the hands of large corporations and national governments. Nevertheless, the steady pace of progress suggests that we may be entering an era where quantum computers transition from laboratory curiosities to practical tools, with consequences that we are only beginning to imagine. 36. According to the passage, what is the key difference between classical bits and qubits? A. Classical bits can process information faster than qubits. B. Qubits can exist in multiple states at once due to superposition. C. Classical bits rely on entanglement while qubits do not. D. Qubits are less fragile than classical bits. 37. What can be inferred about Google's 2019 "quantum supremacy" claim? A. It proved that quantum computers could immediately replace classical ones. B. It was widely accepted by the scientific community without any criticism. C. It demonstrated mathematical superiority but had limited practical relevance. D. It showed that quantum computers were too expensive for commercial use. 38. What is the main purpose of the fourth paragraph? A. To explain why quantum error correction remains unsolved. B. To compare different quantum processors on the market. C. To illustrate the wide range of potential applications of quantum computing. D. To argue that quantum computing poses a threat to global security. 39. What is the author's overall attitude toward the future of quantum computing? A. Completely skeptical about its practical value. B. Cautiously optimistic about its gradual transition to practical use. C. Enthusiastically convinced it will revolutionize every industry within years. D. Neutral, presenting only facts without any personal perspective. (B) Social Media and Teen Attention: What the Research Reveals A landmark study published in the Journal of Adolescent Psychology has shed new light on the relationship between social media use and attention span among teenagers. The research, which tracked 2,400 adolescents aged 13 to 17 over a three-year period, found a statistically significant correlation between heavy social media consumption and self-reported difficulties in sustained attention during academic tasks. The study divided participants into three groups based on their daily social media usage: light users (less than one hour per day), moderate users (one to three hours), and heavy users (more than three hours). Researchers assessed attention through both standardized cognitive tests and detailed self-reporting questionnaires. Heavy users scored, on average, 18% lower on sustained attention tests than light users, even after controlling for factors such as sleep quality, physical activity, and socioeconomic background. Dr. Maria Gonzalez, the lead author of the study, hypothesizes that the "variable reward" structure of social media platforms is the primary mechanism behind this effect. "Social media feeds are designed to deliver unpredictable bursts of novelty — a like here, a comment there, a surprising video — at irregular intervals," she explains. "This design triggers the brain's dopamine system in a way that conditions users to constantly seek the next stimulus. Over time, the brain adapts to this high-stimulation environment, making slower-paced activities like reading a textbook chapter feel unusually tedious." However, the study also revealed important nuances. Not all social media activities had equal effects on attention. Passive scrolling through feeds was associated with the largest attention deficits, while active engagement — such as creating content or having substantive conversations — showed a much weaker relationship. Similarly, teens who used social media primarily for educational purposes or to maintain close friendships reported fewer attention difficulties than those who used it mainly for entertainment. The findings have intensified an already heated debate among educators and parents about appropriate screen time for adolescents. Some school districts have responded by implementing stricter phone policies during school hours, while others have opted for digital literacy programs that teach students to manage their own technology use. "Banning is rarely the most effective strategy," notes adolescent psychologist Dr. Robert Kim. "The goal should be to help young people develop a healthy and intentional relationship with technology, not to shield them from it entirely." Critics of the study point out that correlation does not equal causation. It remains possible that teens who already struggle with attention are simply more drawn to social media, rather than social media causing attention problems. Longitudinal studies that track participants from early childhood — before significant social media exposure — will be necessary to establish the direction of causality more definitively. 40. According to the study, how much lower did heavy social media users score on sustained attention tests compared to light users? A. About 8% lower on average. B. About 18% lower on average. C. About 28% lower on average. D. About 38% lower on average. 41. What does Dr. Gonzalez suggest is the primary reason social media affects attention? A. The blue light emitted by smartphone screens. B. The lack of physical activity among heavy users. C. The unpredictable reward structure that conditions the brain to seek constant novelty. D. The educational content being less stimulating than traditional textbooks. 42. Which of the following social media activities was found to have the weakest relationship with attention deficits? A. Passive scrolling through news feeds. B. Watching short entertainment videos. C. Creating original content and having meaningful conversations. D. Browsing through advertisements and sponsored posts. 43. What limitation of the study do critics emphasize in the final paragraph? A. The sample size was too small to draw reliable conclusions. B. The study relied entirely on self-reported data without any cognitive testing. C. Correlation does not prove that social media causes attention problems. D. The study only included teenagers from wealthy socioeconomic backgrounds. (C) The Economic Case for Renewable Energy: Beyond Environmentalism For much of the past century, renewable energy was framed primarily as an environmental cause — a noble but economically impractical alternative to fossil fuels. That framing has become increasingly outdated. A comprehensive report by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) found that in 2022, the levelized cost of electricity from new solar photovoltaic installations had fallen by 89% compared to a decade earlier, making it cheaper than new coal or gas-fired power plants in most of the world. The economics of wind power tell a similar story. Onshore wind is now one of the cheapest sources of new electricity generation globally, with costs continuing to decline as turbine technology improves and supply chains mature. Offshore wind, while still more expensive, has seen its costs drop by nearly 60% since 2015, driven largely by larger turbines that capture more energy from each rotation. These cost reductions are not the result of temporary market conditions; they reflect genuine technological learning curves and economies of scale that show no signs of reversing. Yet the transition to renewable energy involves more than simply replacing one generation technology with another. The intermittent nature of solar and wind — the fact that the sun does not always shine and the wind does not always blow — introduces fundamental challenges for grid management. Solving this intermittency problem requires massive investments in energy storage, grid interconnections, and demand-response systems. Some analysts estimate that achieving a 100% renewable grid would require storage capacity equivalent to several days of national electricity consumption, an enormous engineering and financial undertaking. The geopolitical dimension adds further complexity. The current fossil fuel economy concentrates wealth and influence in a relatively small number of resource-rich countries. A renewable-dominated energy system would distribute power generation more evenly across the globe, since every country has access to some combination of sun, wind, and water resources. This redistribution could reduce the frequency of resource-driven conflicts but would also fundamentally disrupt the economies of nations that depend heavily on fossil fuel exports. Saudi Arabia, Russia, and other petro-states face the existential challenge of diversifying their economies before global demand for oil and gas permanently declines. Despite these challenges, the direction of travel seems clear. Global investment in renewable energy exceeded $500 billion for the first time in 2023, surpassing investment in fossil fuel extraction and power generation. The question is no longer whether the world will transition to renewable energy, but how quickly, how equitably, and at what cost. The countries and companies that position themselves at the forefront of this transition stand to reap substantial economic rewards, while those that delay may face stranded assets and lost competitiveness. As one energy economist succinctly put it: "The stone age did not end because we ran out of stones, and the fossil fuel age will not end because we run out of fossil fuels. It will end because we found something better." 44. According to the IRENA report, what change occurred in the cost of solar electricity between 2012 and 2022? A. It increased by 89% due to rising material costs. B. It decreased by 89%, becoming cheaper than new coal or gas plants in most regions. C. It remained stable while coal and gas became more expensive. D. It decreased modestly but was still more expensive than fossil fuels. 45. What challenge does the "intermittent nature" of solar and wind energy present? A. The technology is too new to be reliable for large-scale deployment. B. Solar panels and wind turbines require frequent and costly maintenance. C. Energy generation fluctuates, requiring significant investment in storage and grid management. D. The public is reluctant to accept renewable energy infrastructure near their homes. 46. What does the word "stranded" in the last paragraph most likely mean? A. Left without economic value or purpose. B. Physically trapped in remote locations. C. Temporarily delayed in development. D. Strategically protected by government policy. 47. What is the main argument the author makes about the future of renewable energy? A. The transition to renewable energy is inevitable but the speed and fairness of the transition remain open questions. B. Fossil fuels will remain the dominant energy source for the foreseeable future. C. Renewable energy is an environmental necessity but economically uncompetitive. D. The transition to renewable energy will solve all geopolitical conflicts. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence chosen from the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Artificial Intelligence and Human Values: Can Machines Learn What Matters? As artificial intelligence systems become more deeply embedded in our daily lives — deciding who gets a loan, which job applicants receive interviews, and even what news we see — a fundamental question has emerged: can machines be taught to understand and respect human values? (48)________ The challenge stems from the fact that human values are complex, culturally variable, and sometimes even contradictory. What one society considers fair, another may view as insufficiently merit-based. An AI system trained primarily on data from Western democracies might make decisions that seem reasonable in that context but could appear deeply biased or inappropriate when applied globally. (49)________ As one researcher noted, "An algorithm does not need to be explicitly programmed with prejudice to produce discriminatory outcomes — it only needs to learn from data that reflects existing social inequalities." Several approaches have been proposed to address this challenge. One promising direction is "value alignment," which aims to design AI systems whose behavior is consistent with human values even in novel situations. (50)________ For example, an autonomous vehicle facing an unavoidable collision may need to decide between protecting its passengers and minimizing harm to pedestrians. These edge cases reveal how difficult it is to encode moral reasoning into mathematical models. Another approach emphasizes transparency and accountability rather than trying to program values directly. Under this framework, AI systems would be required to explain their decisions in terms that humans can understand, and there would be clear mechanisms for appealing or overriding automated judgments. (51)________ It also acknowledges that machines, at least for now, lack the kind of genuine moral understanding that humans develop through lived experience. Ultimately, the question of AI and values may not be solvable by engineers alone. It requires ongoing dialogue among technologists, philosophers, policymakers, and the broader public. The future of AI will depend as much on the wisdom with which we deploy these systems as on the ingenuity with which we build them. A. This approach has the advantage of keeping humans in the loop rather than ceding all authority to algorithms. B. This is not merely a technical problem but a deeply philosophical one with profound implications for society. C. Even within a single culture, people often disagree about the right course of action in morally ambiguous situations. D. Moreover, the issue is compounded by the fact that AI systems can absorb and amplify the biases present in their training data. E. Interestingly, some AI researchers believe that machines will eventually develop their own ethical frameworks independent of human input. F. However, defining what it means for a machine to act in accordance with human values turns out to be extraordinarily difficult in practice. III. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 只有亲身体验了这场科技展览，你才能理解人工智能的巨大潜力。(Only) 53. 要是当初这位年轻创业者听取了导师的建议，他就不会犯下如此严重的错误了。(Had) 54. 那些既能独立工作又善于团队合作的人，往往在任何领域都能脱颖而出。(who) 55. 正是在反复试错的过程中，科学家们才最终找到了解决这个技术难题的方案。(It) IV. Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展，越来越多的学生开始使用ChatGPT等AI工具来完成作业。有人认为这是提高学习效率的合理手段，有人则担心这会阻碍学生的独立思考能力。请以"Should high school students be allowed to use AI tools for homework?"为题，写一篇120-150词的英语短文，内容包括： 1. 简述正反双方的主要观点； 2. 明确表达你的立场并说明理由； 3. 提出一条合理的建议。 (注意：文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称) 参考答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A: 1. trained 2. have outperformed 3. which 4. that/which 5. where 6. being used 7. While/Although/Though 8. whether 9. integrating 10. but Section B: 11. A (accelerated) 12. B (commute) 13. C (fundamentally) 14. J (vacancy) 15. I (sustain) 16. E (flourished) 17. F (inequality) 18. G (retain) 19. K (witnessed) 20. D (density) (Extra word: L. thriving) II. Reading Comprehension Section A (Cloze): 21-25 CBCCB 26-30 BACCD 31-35 ABCAB Section B: (A) 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B (B) 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. C (C) 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. A Section C: 48. B 49. D 50. F 51. A III. Translation 52. Only by experiencing this technology exhibition in person can you understand the enormous potential of artificial intelligence. 53. Had the young entrepreneur listened to his mentor's advice, he would not have made such a serious mistake. 54. Those who can both work independently and excel at teamwork tend to stand out in any field. 55. It was in the process of repeated trial and error that the scientists finally found a solution to this technical problem. IV. Writing (参考范文) Should high school students be allowed to use AI tools for homework? With the rise of AI tools like ChatGPT, the debate over whether high school students should use them for homework has intensified. Supporters argue that AI can serve as a powerful learning assistant — helping students brainstorm ideas, check grammar, and understand complex concepts more efficiently. Opponents, however, warn that overreliance on AI may weaken critical thinking and independent problem-solving skills, which are essential for long-term academic growth. In my view, high school students should be allowed to use AI tools for homework, but only under clear guidelines. AI should be treated as a supplement to learning, not a substitute for genuine effort. For example, students might use AI to generate practice questions or receive feedback on drafts, but the core thinking and writing should remain their own work. I suggest that schools establish an "AI usage policy" that teaches students how to use these tools responsibly and ethically. Teachers could also design assignments that require students to reflect on the AI-assisted process, ensuring that technology enhances rather than undermines the learning experience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $