内容正文:
人教版新版九年级上册英语 Unit 4 Our Memory
知识清单(背诵版)
目录
一、核心词汇 2
二、核心词组 10
三、核心语法 11
1. 什么是宾语从句? 11
2. wh-引导词完整列表 12
3. 核心考点:陈述语序(必考!) 12
4. 时态呼应(主句过去时) 13
5. 易错点总结(必记) 14
6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀 15
7. 语法练习题 15
四、书面表达 18
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式,日记体) 18
(二)高分替换词表 19
(三)高分词组 19
(四)参考范文 20
(五)写作模板(万能模板) 20
一、核心词汇
1. memory n.记忆
词形变换:动词形式 memorize(记忆;熟记);形容词 memorable(值得纪念的;难忘的)
搭配:short-term memory 短期记忆;long-term memory 长期记忆;have a good/bad memory 记忆力好/差
例句:Professor Green says that our memory works like a chain.
(格林教授说我们的记忆像链条一样运作。)
2. appearance n.外貌;出现
词形变换:动词形式 appear(出现;似乎)
搭配:judge by appearance 以貌取人;the appearance of ……的出现/外貌
例句:Don't judge a person by their appearance.(不要以貌取人。)
3. position n.位置;职位
搭配:in a good position 处于有利位置;hold the position of 担任……职位
例句:She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket — she forgot its position.
(她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了——她忘了它的位置。)
4. lecture n.讲座
词形变换:名词(人) lecturer(演讲者;讲师)
搭配:give a lecture 做讲座;attend a lecture 参加讲座
例句:We attended a lecture on how to improve our memory.
(我们参加了一场关于如何提升记忆力的讲座。)
5. chain n.链条;连锁反应
搭配:a chain of 一连串的;memory chain 记忆链条
例句:Our memory works like a chain — one thing links to another.
(我们的记忆像链条一样运作——一环扣一环。)
6. detail n.细节
词形变换:形容词形式 detailed(详细的)
搭配:in detail 详细地;pay attention to details 注意细节
例句:When you memorize something, you should pay attention to the details.
(记忆时,你应该注意细节。)
7. sign n./v. 迹象;标志;签名
词形变换:名词形式 signal(信号)
搭配:sign language 手语;a sign of ……的迹象;sign up 报名;登记
例句:Forgetting things easily can be a sign of being forgetful.(容易忘事可能是健忘的迹象。)
8. care n./v. 照料;关心
词形变换:形容词形式 careful(仔细的;小心的);形容词形式 careless(粗心的);副词形式 carefully(仔细地);形容词形式 caring(关心他人的)
搭配:take care of 照顾;care about 关心;care for 照料;喜欢
例句:Rick cares about the old people and what they remember.
(里克关心老人以及他们记得的事情。)
9. summary n.摘要;总结
词形变换:动词形式 summarize(总结;概括)
搭配:write a summary 写摘要;in summary 总之;a summary of ……的总结
例句:It is easier to remember a summary than every word.
(记住摘要比记住每一个词更容易。)
10. reaction n.反应
词形变换:动词形式 react(反应);形容词形式 reactive(反应性的)
搭配:have a reaction to 对……有反应;a quick reaction 快速反应
例句:What was her reaction when she heard the news?
(她听到这个消息时反应如何?)
11. confidence n.信心
词形变换:形容词形式 confident(自信的);副词形式 confidently(自信地)
搭配:have confidence in 对……有信心;build confidence 建立信心;lose confidence 失去信心
例句:A friend told me to have confidence in myself.(一个朋友告诉我要对自己有信心。)
12. panic n./v. 恐慌
词形变换:过去式/分词 panicked(惊慌的);现在分词 panicking(恐慌中)
搭配:in panic 惊慌地;panic over 对……感到恐慌;don't panic 不要恐慌
例句:She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.
(她说如果我忘记了一个单词,我不应该恐慌。)
13. technique n.技巧;技术
词形变换:形容词形式 technical(技术的;专业的);副词形式 technically(技术上地)
搭配:memory techniques 记忆技巧;clever techniques 巧妙的技术
例句:You can improve your memory by using clever techniques.
(你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。)
14. result n./v. 结果;导致
词形变换:形容词形式 resultant(由此产生的)
搭配:as a result 结果;result in 导致;result from 由……引起
例句:I followed these methods and the result was a great success!
(我按照这些方法去做,结果非常成功!)
15. outline n.大纲;轮廓
搭配:make an outline 列提纲;an outline of ……的大纲
例句:Making an outline helps you organize information.(列提纲有助于你整理信息。)
16. section n.部分;章节
搭配:divide into sections 分成几个部分;study in short sections 分段学习
例句:I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes.
(我分段学习,每40分钟休息一次。)
17. method n.方法
词形变换:形容词形式 methodical(有条理的);名词形式 methodology(方法论)
搭配:an effective method 一个有效的方法;teaching methods 教学方法;one-size-fits-all method 一刀切的方法
例句:There is no one-size-fits-all method for improving memory.
(提升记忆力没有一刀切的方法。)
18. debate n./v. 辩论
词形变换:名词(人) debater(辩手)
搭配:have a debate 进行辩论;debate about 辩论关于……
例句:We had a debate about which memory method is the best.
(我们就哪种记忆方法最好进行了辩论。)
19. remind v.提醒
词形变换:名词形式 reminder(提醒物;提示)
搭配:remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事;remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事
例句:Mum reminds Peter to buy milk.(妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。)
20. link v./n. 联系;链接
搭配:link A to B 把A和B联系起来;be linked to 与……有联系
例句:Our memory links one thing to another like a chain.
(我们的记忆像链条一样把一件事和另一件事联系起来。)
21. differ v.不同
词形变换:形容词形式 different(不同的);名词形式 difference(不同;差异);副词形式 differently(不同地)
搭配:differ from 与……不同;study how they differ 研究它们有何不同
例句:Study how they are different from each other.(研究它们彼此之间有何不同。)
22. recall v.回忆
搭配:recall doing sth. 回忆起做过某事;recall what... 回忆……
例句:She recalled what she was doing at that time.(她回忆起当时在做什么。)
23. recognize v.认出
词形变换:名词形式 recognition(认出;认可);形容词形式 recognizable(可认出的)
搭配:recognize sb.'s voice 认出某人的声音;be recognized as 被公认为
例句:Dolphins can recognize the voices of companions they haven't seen for a long time.
(海豚能认出很久没见的同伴的声音。)
24. memorize v.记忆;熟记
词形变换:名词形式 memory(记忆);形容词形式 memorable(难忘的)
搭配:memorize words 记单词;memorize by heart 熟记于心
例句:Instead of memorizing random words, I organized them into categories.
(我没有死记硬背零散的单词,而是把它们分类整理。)
25. acquire v.获得
词形变换:名词形式 acquisition(获得;习得)
搭配:acquire knowledge 获得知识;acquire skills 习得技能
例句:You can acquire new vocabulary by reading more.(你可以通过多阅读来获得新词汇。)
26. boost v.提升;促进
搭配:boost memory 提升记忆力;boost confidence 增强信心
例句:These methods can help boost your memory.(这些方法可以帮助提升你的记忆力。)
27. organize v.整理;组织
词形变换:名词形式 organization(组织;机构);形容词形式 organized(有条理的)
搭配:organize information 整理信息;organize into categories 分类整理
例句:I organized the words into categories like 'food' and 'travel'.
(我把单词分类整理为'食物'和'旅行'等类别。)
28. divide v.划分
词形变换:名词形式 division(划分;除法);形容词形式 divided(划分的;有分歧的)
搭配:divide... into... 把……分成……;divide and conquer 分而治之
例句:I divided the material into short sections for review.
(我把材料分成短小的部分来复习。)
29. impress v.使印象深刻
词形变换:形容词形式 impressive(令人印象深刻的);名词形式 impression(印象)
搭配:be impressed by 对……印象深刻;impress sb. with 用……给某人留下深刻印象
例句:The professor impressed us with his memory techniques.
(教授的记忆技巧给我们留下了深刻印象。)
30. forgetful adj.健忘的
词形变换:动词形式 forget(忘记);形容词形式 unforgettable(难忘的)
搭配:become forgetful 变得健忘;be forgetful of 容易忘记……
例句:Old people may become forgetful, but they still remember important things.
(老人可能会变得健忘,但他们仍然记得重要的事情。)
31. stable adj.稳定的
词形变换:名词形式 stability(稳定性)
搭配:stable memory 稳定的记忆;remain stable 保持稳定
例句:Long-term memory is more stable than short-term memory.
(长期记忆比短期记忆更稳定。)
32. creative adj.创造性的
词形变换:动词形式 create(创造);名词形式 creation(创造;作品)
搭配:a creative method 一个有创意的方法;be creative in 在……方面有创意
例句:Using images to remember words is a creative technique.
(用图像记单词是一种有创意的技巧。)
33. effective adj.有效的
词形变换:名词形式 effect(效果;影响);副词形式 effectively(有效地)
搭配:an effective method 一个有效的方法;be effective in 在……方面有效
例句:Making word cards is an effective way to memorize vocabulary.
(制作单词卡是记忆词汇的有效方法。)
34. likely adj.可能的
词形变换:反义词 unlikely(不太可能的);名词形式 likelihood(可能性)
搭配:be likely to do 可能做某事;more likely 更有可能
例句:The more you review, the more likely you will remember.
(你复习得越多,记住的可能性就越大。)
35. familiar adj.熟悉的
词形变换:名词形式 familiarity(熟悉;通晓)
搭配:be familiar with 熟悉……;be familiar to 对……来说很熟悉
例句:The topic is familiar to all of us — we all use our memory every day.
(这个话题对我们所有人来说都很熟悉——我们每天都在使用记忆。)
36. clever adj.巧妙的;聪明的
词形变换:副词形式 cleverly(巧妙地)
搭配:a clever technique 一个巧妙的技巧;be clever at 擅长于
例句:You can improve your memory by using clever techniques.
(你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。)
二、核心词组
1. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:Mum reminds Peter to buy milk.(妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。)
2. run out 用完;耗尽
例句:It's running out.(快用完了。)
3. keep in mind 牢记在心
例句:Keep in mind what he remembers.(牢记他所记得的。)
4. go through 经历
例句:I don't understand what she's going through.(我不理解她正在经历什么。)
5. happen to 发生在
例句:A similar situation happens to dolphins.(类似的情况也发生在海豚身上。)
6. pay attention to 注意
例句:Pay attention to the key points.(注意要点。)
7. take notes 记笔记
例句:She takes notes during the lecture.(她在讲座中记笔记。)
8. use it or lose it 用进废退
例句:Use it or lose it — review regularly!(用进废退——定期复习!)
9. make use of 利用
例句:Make use of your senses to remember better.(利用你的感官来更好地记忆。)
10. last but not least 最后但同样重要的
例句:Last but not least, stay healthy.(最后但同样重要的是,保持健康。)
11. instead of 代替;而不是
例句:Instead of worrying, take action.(与其担心,不如采取行动。)
12. one-size-fits-all 一刀切的
例句:There is no one-size-fits-all method.(没有一刀切的方法。)
13. put ... to good use 好好利用
例句:Put what you learn to good use.(好好利用你学到的知识。)
14. wear out 使疲劳
例句:Don't wear out your brain.(不要让你的大脑过度疲劳。)
15. step by step 逐步
例句:Review step by step.(逐步复习。)
16. write down 写下
例句:Write down the key points.(写下要点。)
三、核心语法
宾语从句(wh-词引导)(单元重点,必考易错点)
1. 什么是宾语从句?
宾语从句,就是一个句子充当另一个句子的宾语。我们以前学的宾语通常是名词或代词,比如 I know the answer(the answer 是宾语)。但有时候,我们想说的不是一个简单的名词,而是一整句话——比如"她把票放在哪里""他为什么迟到"——这时就需要用一个完整的从句来充当宾语,这就是宾语从句。本单元我们继续学习宾语从句,重点是wh-疑问词(what/which/how/why/where/when/who)引导的宾语从句。
2. wh-引导词完整列表
不同的wh-词引导不同的含义——选对引导词是做对题的第一步。下面是本单元涉及的所有wh-引导词,以及它们各自的功能和课文原句:
what(指事物/情况)
例:I don't understand what she's going through.(我不理解她正在经历什么。)
which(指特定选择)
例:I can't remember which things you asked me to buy.(我记不得你让我买哪些东西了。)
how(指方式/方法)
例:Study how they are different from each other.(研究它们彼此之间有何不同。)
why(指原因)
例:Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word?(你能告诉我为什么容易忘记一个单词吗?)
where(指地点)
例:She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket.(她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了。)
when(指时间)
例:Can you tell me when the next test is?(你能告诉我下次考试是什么时候吗?)
who(指人)
例:He wondered who took his wallet.(他想知道谁拿了他的钱包。)
3. 核心考点:陈述语序(必考!)
★ wh-引导的宾语从句必须用陈述语序!
这是宾语从句最重要的规则,也是考试最爱考的点。什么是陈述语序呢?就是"主语+谓语"的正常顺序,跟普通陈述句一样。疑问句的语序是"助动词/系动词+主语",而宾语从句中必须还原成"主语+谓语"。很多同学做题时容易忘记这一点,把疑问语序直接搬进来,这是最常见的错误。
变换规则:
❌ Why is it easy to forget?
✅ Could you tell me why it is easy to forget?(is it → it is)
❌ Where did she put the ticket?
✅ She cannot remember where she put the ticket.(did she put → she put)
❌ When will the test be?
✅ Can you tell me when the test will be?(will the test be → the test will be)
❌ What happened to her?
✅ I don't understand what happened to her.(what happened本身就是陈述语序,无需改变)
❌ Which book did he borrow?
✅ I can't remember which book he borrowed.(did he borrow → he borrowed)
4. 时态呼应(主句过去时)
★ 当主句是过去时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态!
时态呼应是宾语从句的第二个核心考点。
规则很简单:主句是现在时,从句该用什么时态就用什么时态;但主句是过去时,从句就要"退一步"——一般现在时变一般过去时,一般过去时变过去完成时,现在进行时变过去进行时。为什么要这样呢?因为从句的动作是从"过去"的视角来看的,自然要用过去的时态。
时态对应关系:
主句一般过去时 → 从句一般过去时/过去进行时/过去完成时
例:He wondered what happened to his mother.他想知道母亲遭遇了什么。
主句一般过去时 → 从句过去进行时
例:She recalled what she was doing at that time.她回忆起自己当时正在做的事。
主句一般过去时 → 从句过去完成时
例:He realized where the grapevine had come from.他弄清了小道消息的来源。
⚠️ 例外:客观真理永远用现在时
He said that the earth goes around the sun.他说地球绕着太阳转。(客观真理,不用went)
不管主句是什么时态,客观真理(如地球绕太阳转、水在0度结冰等)永远用一般现在时。这是唯一的例外,必须记住!
5. 易错点总结(必记)
易错点1:忘记改为陈述语序
Could you tell me why is it easy to forget a word? ❌
Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? ✅
宾语从句必须用陈述语序!why后面应该是主语+谓语(it is),而不是疑问语序(is it)。做题时,把从句单独拿出来看——如果它不像一个普通陈述句,那语序就错了。
易错点2:主句过去时,从句忘了退时态
He wondered what happened to his mother.(发生在wondered之前) ❌
He wondered what had happened to his mother. ✅
主句wondered是过去时,而发生是在wondered之前,所以从句要用过去完成时had happened,不能用一般过去时。记住:过去的过去 -> 过去完成时。
易错点3:客观真理误改时态
The teacher told us that the earth went around the sun. ❌
The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. ✅
地球绕太阳转是客观真理,不管主句是什么时态,从句永远用现在时goes。这类『客观真理』题是考试常设陷阱。
易错点4:选错引导词
I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. ❌
I can't remember which things you asked me to buy. ✅
what指『什么』(不确定的事物),which指『哪一个』(在已知范围内选择)。这里说话人知道是『那些东西』中的一部分,是在特定范围内选择,应该用which。
易错点5:who引导时语序混淆
He wondered who did take his wallet. ❌
He wondered who took his wallet. ✅
who在从句中作主语时,语序本身就是陈述语序,不需要加助动词did。who took his wallet = 谁拿了他的钱包,took是谓语动词,直接跟主语who即可。
6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀
that 陈述可省略,if/whether 是否不可省。what 事物 which 选,how 方式 why 原因。
where 地点 when 时间,who 指人记心间。从句语序是陈述,主过从过莫忘记。
7. 语法练习题
A. 单项选择
(1) Could you tell me ______ it is easy to forget a word?
A. why B. what C. that D. which
(2) She cannot remember ______ she put the opera ticket.
A. where B. what C. which D. who
(3) I don't understand ______ she's going through.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
(4) He wondered ______ took his wallet.
A. what B. who C. which D. where
(5) Can you tell me ______ the next test is?
A. what B. where C. when D. which
(6) Could you tell me ______?
A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where he does live D. where did he live
【答案与解析】
(1) A 考查wh-引导词选择。回答why(为什么),用why引导宾语从句。
(2) A 回答where(在哪里),用where引导宾语从句。
(3) A go through后面缺宾语(经历什么事),用what指代事物。
(4) B took的主语是人(谁拿了他的钱包),用who指人。
(5) C 回答when(什么时候),用when引导宾语从句,注意陈述语序:the next test is。
(6) B 宾语从句必须用陈述语序,排除A、D;C多了助动词does,语序错误。
B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
(1) He wondered what ______ (happen) to his mother.
(2) She recalled what she ______ (do) at that time.
(3) He realized where the grapevine ______ (come) from.
(4) This was why she ______ (drop) the grapes.
(5) I can't remember which book he ______ (borrow) yesterday.
(6) The teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun.
【答案与解析】
(1) had happened 主句过去时(wondered),从句用过去完成时had happened,表示发生在wondered之前的动作。
(2) was doing 主句过去时(recalled),从句用过去进行时was doing,表示当时正在进行。
(3) had come 主句过去时(realized),从句动作发生在之前,用过去完成时had come。
(4) dropped 主句过去时(was),从句也用过去时dropped,时态一致。
(5) borrowed 有yesterday明确时间标志,用一般过去时borrowed。
(6) goes 客观真理永远用现在时,不受主句过去时影响。
C. 句型转换
(1) Why is it easy to forget a word? Could you tell me?(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(2) Where did she put the opera ticket? She cannot remember.(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(3) When will the test be? Can you tell me?(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(4) He said, 'The earth goes around the sun.'(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
(1) Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 疑问语序is it改为陈述语序it is,why引导宾语从句。
(2) She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket. 疑问语序did she put改为陈述语序she put,where引导宾语从句。
(3) Can you tell me when the test will be? 疑问语序will the test be改为陈述语序the test will be。
(4) He said that the earth goes around the sun. 客观真理,从句用现在时goes,不受主句过去时影响。
四、书面表达
话题:How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式,日记体)
第一段(开头,1-2句):点出挑战+目标
描述你过去在记忆方面遇到的困难,以及你决定改变的目标。
核心句式:
• In the past, I always struggled with...过去,我一直深受……的困扰
• I used to have difficulty in...我过去常常在……方面感到吃力
• Last week, I decided to find a better way to...上周,我决定寻找一种更好的方法来……
第二段(主体,4-5句):尝试的方法(2-3个)
具体写出你尝试了哪些记忆方法,每个方法怎么操作、效果如何。用instead of、by doing等结构串联。
核心句式:
• First, I tried doing... Instead of..., I...首先,我尝试过……我没有选择……,而是……
• Second, I formed images in my mind for each word.其次,我会在脑海中为每个单词构建画面。
• Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes.
第三,我分段短时学习,每四十分钟就休息一次。
第三段(转折/鼓励,2-3句):他人的帮助与鼓励
写朋友或老师给了你什么建议和鼓励,用宾语从句表达。
核心句式:
• A friend told me (that) I should have confidence in myself.
一位朋友告诉我,我应当对自己抱有信心。
• She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.她说如果我忘了单词,不必慌张。
第四段(结尾,2句):成果+感悟
写出方法的效果和你的感悟,引用金句升华主题。
核心句式:
• I followed these methods and my test was a great success!
我采用了这些方法,测试取得了圆满成功!
• I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method.
我意识到不存在一种适用于所有情况的通用方法。
• The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
关键在于找到最适合自己的方式并坚持下去。
(二)高分替换词表
基础词
高分替换词
含义
例句
remember
memorize / recall
记忆;回忆
I memorized the words by making cards.
hard
demanding / difficult
要求高的;困难的
The task was demanding but rewarding.
good
effective / impressive
有效的;令人印象深刻的
The method proved highly effective.
help
boost / support
提升;支持
These techniques can boost your memory.
use
make use of / put to good use
好好利用
Put what you learn to good use.
important
significant / essential
重要的;必要的
Regular review is essential for memory.
forget
be forgetful / fail to recall
健忘;未能回忆
Don't be forgetful — review daily!
way
method / technique
方法;技巧
She taught me a clever memorization technique.
(三)高分词组
① pay attention to 注意;关注 ② use it or lose it 用进废退
③ make use of 利用 ④ keep in mind 牢记在心
⑤ instead of 代替;而不是 ⑥ one-size-fits-all 一刀切的
⑦ put ... to good use 好好利用 ⑧ step by step 逐步
⑨ last but not least 最后但同样重要的 ⑩ have confidence in 对……有信心
(四)参考范文
How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
In the past, I always struggled with remembering English words. I would memorize them one night and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.
First, I tried making word cards and grouping information by topic. Instead of memorizing random words, I organized them into categories like 'food', 'travel' and 'emotions'. Second, I formed images in my mind for each word. For example, when I learned 'freezing', I pictured myself standing in snow. Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes. A friend told me to have confidence in myself. She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic. I should just review it again.
I followed these methods and my test today was a great success! I remembered 95% of the words. I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
(五)写作模板(万能模板)
How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
In the past, I always struggled with ________(你记忆方面的困难). I would ________(描述具体问题)and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.
First, I tried ________(方法1:如making word cards). Instead of ________(原来的做法), I ________(改进后的做法). Second, I ________(方法2:如formed images in my mind). For example, when I learned '________', I pictured ________(具体联想画面). Third, I ________(方法3:如studied in short sections). A friend told me (that) I should ________(朋友的建议). She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.
I followed these methods and my test was a great success! I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
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人教版新版九年级上册英语 Unit 4 Our Memory
知识清单(默写版)
目录
一、核心词汇 2
二、核心词组 10
三、核心语法 12
1. 什么是宾语从句? 12
2. wh-引导词完整列表 12
3. 核心考点:陈述语序(必考!) 13
4. 时态呼应(主句过去时) 13
5. 易错点总结(必记) 14
6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀 15
7. 语法练习题 16
四、书面表达 17
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式) 17
(二)高分替换词表 18
(三)高分词组 19
(四)参考范文 19
(五)写作模板(万能模板) 19
一、核心词汇
1. memory n.记忆
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(记忆;熟记);形容词形式 _______________(值得纪念的;难忘的)
搭配:short-term _______________ 短期记忆;long-term _______________ 长期记忆;have a good/bad _______________ 记忆力好/差
例句:Professor Green says that our _______________ works like a chain.
(格林教授说我们的记忆像链条一样运作。)
2. appearance n.外貌;出现
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(出现;似乎)
搭配:judge by _______________ 以貌取人;the _______________ of ……的出现/外貌
例句:Don't judge a person by their _______________.(不要以貌取人。)
3. position n.位置;职位
搭配:in a good _______________ 处于有利位置;hold the _______________ of 担任……职位
例句:She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket — she forgot its _______________.
(她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了——她忘了它的位置。)
4. lecture n.讲座
词形变换:名词(人) _______________(演讲者;讲师)
搭配:give a _______________ 做讲座;attend a _______________ 参加讲座
例句:We attended a _______________ on how to improve our memory.
(我们参加了一场关于如何提升记忆力的讲座。)
5. chain n.链条;连锁反应
搭配:a _______________ of 一连串的;memory _______________ 记忆链条
例句:Our memory works like a _______________ — one thing links to another.
(我们的记忆像链条一样运作——一环扣一环。)
6. detail n.细节
词形变换:形容词形式 _______________(详细的)
搭配:in _______________ 详细地;pay attention to _______________ 注意细节
例句:When you memorize something, you should pay attention to the _______________.
(记忆时,你应该注意细节。)
7. sign n./v. 迹象;标志;签名
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(信号)
搭配:________ language 手语;a __________ of ……的迹象;__________ up 报名;登记
例句:Forgetting things easily can be a _______________ of being forgetful.
(容易忘事可能是健忘的迹象。)
8. care n./v. 照料;关心
词形变换:形容词形式 ____________(仔细的;小心的);形容词形式 ______________(粗心的);副词形式 ____________(仔细地);形容词形式 ____________(关心他人的)
搭配:take __________ of 照顾;__________ about 关心;___________ for 照料;喜欢
例句:Rick _______________ about the old people and what they remember.
(里克关心老人以及他们记得的事情。)
9. summary n.摘要;总结
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(总结;概括)
搭配:write a ___________ 写摘要;in ___________ 总之;a ______________ of ……的总结
例句:It is easier to remember a _______________ than every word.
(记住摘要比记住每一个词更容易。)
10. reaction n.反应
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(反应);形容词形式 _______________(反应性的)
搭配:have a _______________ to 对……有反应;a quick _______________ 快速反应
例句:What was her _______________ when she heard the news?
(她听到这个消息时反应如何?)
11. confidence n.信心
词形变换:形容词形式 _______________(自信的);副词形式 _______________(自信地)
搭配:have _______________ in 对……有信心;build _______________ 建立信心;lose _______________ 失去信心
例句:A friend told me to have _______________ in myself.
(一个朋友告诉我要对自己有信心。)
12. panic n./v. 恐慌
词形变换:过去式/分词 panicked(惊慌的);现在分词 _______________(恐慌中)
搭配:in _______________ 惊慌地;_______________ over 对……感到恐慌;don't _______________ 不要恐慌
例句:She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't _______________.
(她说如果我忘记了一个单词,我不应该恐慌。)
13. technique n.技巧;技术
词形变换:形容词形式 _______________(技术的;专业的);副词形式 _______________(技术上地)
搭配:memory _______________s 记忆技巧;clever _______________s 巧妙的技术
例句:You can improve your memory by using clever _______________.
(你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。)
14. result n./v. 结果;导致
词形变换:形容词形式 _______________(由此产生的)
搭配:as a ____________ 结果;____________ in 导致;____________ from 由……引起
例句:I followed these methods and the _______________ was a great success!
(我按照这些方法去做,结果非常成功!)
15. outline n.大纲;轮廓
搭配:make an _______________ 列提纲;an _______________ of ……的大纲
例句:Making an _______________ helps you organize information.
(列提纲有助于你整理信息。)
16. section n.部分;章节
搭配:divide into _______________ 分成几个部分;study in short _______________ 分段学习
例句:I studied in short _______________ and took breaks every 40 minutes.
(我分段学习,每40分钟休息一次。)
17. method n.方法
词形变换:形容词形式 _____________(有条理的);名词形式 _____________(方法论)
搭配:an effective _______________ 一个有效的方法;teaching _______________教学方法;one-size-fits-all _______________ 一刀切的方法
例句:There is no one-size-fits-all _______________ for improving memory.
(提升记忆力没有一刀切的方法。)
18. debate n./v. 辩论
词形变换:名词(人) _______________(辩手)
搭配:have a _______________ 进行辩论;_______________ about 辩论关于……
例句:We had a _______________ about which memory method is the best.
(我们就哪种记忆方法最好进行了辩论。)
19. remind v.提醒
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(提醒物;提示)
搭配:___________ sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事;_____________ sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事
例句:Mum _______________ Peter ___________ milk.
(妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。)
20. link v./n. 联系;链接
搭配:_______________ A to B 把A和B联系起来;be _______________ed to 与……有联系
例句:Our memory _______________ one thing to another like a chain.
(我们的记忆像链条一样把一件事和另一件事联系起来。)
21. differ v.不同
词形变换:形容词形式 _______________(不同的);名词形式 _______________(不同;差异);副词形式 _______________(不同地)
搭配:____________ from 与……不同;study how they ____________ 研究它们有何不同
例句:Study how they are different from each other.
(研究它们彼此之间有何不同。)
22. recall v.回忆
搭配:_______________ doing sth. 回忆起做过某事;_______________ what... 回忆……
例句:She _______________ what she was doing at that time.(她回忆起当时在做什么。)
23. recognize v.认出
词形变换:名词形式 ____________(认出;认可);形容词形式 ___________(可认出的)
搭配:_______________ sb.'s voice 认出某人的声音;be _______________ as 被公认为
例句:Dolphins can _______________ the voices of companions they haven't seen for a long time.
(海豚能认出很久没见的同伴的声音。)
24. memorize v.记忆;熟记
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(记忆);形容词形式 _______________(难忘的)
搭配:_______________ words 记单词;_______________ by heart 熟记于心
例句:Instead of _______________ random words, I organized them into categories.
(我没有死记硬背零散的单词,而是把它们分类整理。)
25. acquire v.获得
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(获得;习得)
搭配:_______________ knowledge 获得知识;_______________ skills 习得技能
例句:You can _______________ new vocabulary by reading more.
(你可以通过多阅读来获得新词汇。)
26. boost v.提升;促进
搭配:_______________ memory 提升记忆力;_______________ confidence 增强信心
例句:These methods can help _____________ your memory.
(这些方法可以帮助提升你的记忆力。)
27. organize v.整理;组织
词形变换:名词形式 ____________(组织;机构);形容词形式 ___________(有条理的)
搭配:_______________ information 整理信息;_______________ into categories 分类整理
例句:I _______________ the words into categories like 'food' and 'travel'.
(我把单词分类整理为'食物'和'旅行'等类别。)
28. divide v.划分
词形变换:名词 ___________(划分;除法);形容词 __________(划分的;有分歧的)
搭配:_______________... into... 把……分成……;_______________ and conquer 分而治之
例句:I _______________ the material into short sections for review.
(我把材料分成短小的部分来复习。)
29. impress v.使印象深刻
词形变换:形容词 ___________(令人印象深刻的);名词形式 _______________(印象)
搭配:be ___________ by 对……印象深刻;___________ sb. with 用……给某人留下深刻印象
例句:The professor _______________ us with his memory techniques.
(教授的记忆技巧给我们留下了深刻印象。)
30. forgetful adj.健忘的
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(忘记);形容词形式 _______________(难忘的)
搭配:become _______________ 变得健忘;be _______________ of 容易忘记……
例句:Old people may become _______________, but they still remember important things.
(老人可能会变得健忘,但他们仍然记得重要的事情。)
31. stable adj.稳定的
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(稳定性)
搭配:_______________ memory 稳定的记忆;remain _______________ 保持稳定
例句:Long-term memory is more _______________ than short-term memory.
(长期记忆比短期记忆更稳定。)
32. creative adj.创造性的
词形变换:动词形式 _______________(创造);名词形式 _______________(创造;作品)
搭配:a ____________ method 一个有创意的方法;be _____________ in 在……方面有创意
例句:Using images to remember words is a _______________ technique.
(用图像记单词是一种有创意的技巧。)
33. effective adj.有效的
词形变换:名词形式 ____________(效果;影响);副词形式 ___________(有效地)
搭配:an _______________ method 一个有效的方法;be _______________ in 在……方面有效
例句:Making word cards is an _______________ way to memorize vocabulary.
(制作单词卡是记忆词汇的有效方法。)
34. likely adj.可能的
词形变换:反义词 _______________(不太可能的);名词形式 _______________(可能性)
搭配:be _______________ to do 可能做某事;more _______________ 更有可能
例句:The more you review, the more _______________ you will remember.
(你复习得越多,记住的可能性就越大。)
35. familiar adj.熟悉的
词形变换:名词形式 _______________(熟悉;通晓)
搭配:be _______________ with 熟悉……;be _______________ to 对……来说很熟悉
例句:The topic is _______________ to all of us — we all use our memory every day.
(这个话题对我们所有人来说都很熟悉——我们每天都在使用记忆。)
36. clever adj.巧妙的;聪明的
词形变换:副词形式 _______________(巧妙地)
搭配:a _______________ technique 一个巧妙的技巧;be _______________ at 擅长于
例句:You can improve your memory by using _______________ techniques.
(你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。)
二、核心词组
1. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:Mum _______ Peter ___________ milk.(妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。)
2. run out 用完;耗尽
例句:It's _______ out.(快用完了。)
3. keep in mind 牢记在心
例句:Keep_______ mind what he remembers.(牢记他所记得的。)
4. go through 经历
例句:I don't understand what she's _______ _______.(我不理解她正在经历什么。)
5. happen to 发生在
例句:A similar situation _______ _______ dolphins.(类似的情况也发生在海豚身上。)
6. pay attention to 注意
例句:Pay _______ to the key points.(注意要点。)
7. take notes 记笔记
例句:She _______ _______ during the lecture.(她在讲座中记笔记。)
8. use it or lose it 用进废退
例句:Use it _______ _______ _______ — review regularly!(用进废退——定期复习!)
9. make use of 利用
例句:_____ ______ _______ your senses to remember better.(利用你的感官来更好地记忆。)
10. last but not least 最后但同样重要的
例句:____________ , stay healthy.(最后但同样重要的是,保持健康。)
11. instead of 代替;而不是
例句:_______ of _______, take action.(与其担心,不如采取行动。)
12. one-size-fits-all 一刀切的
例句:There is no ______________ method.(没有一刀切的方法。)
13. put ... to good use 好好利用
例句:Put what you learn _______ _______ _______.(好好利用你学到的知识。)
14. wear out 使疲劳
例句:Don't _______ _______ your brain.(不要让你的大脑过度疲劳。)
15. step by step 逐步
例句:Review step _______ step.(逐步复习。)
16. write down 写下
例句:Write _______ the key points.(写下要点。)
三、核心语法
宾语从句(wh-词引导)(单元重点,必考易错点)
1. 什么是宾语从句?
宾语从句,就是一个句子充当另一个句子的宾语。我们以前学的宾语通常是名词或代词,比如 I know the answer(the answer 是宾语)。但有时候,我们想说的不是一个简单的名词,而是一整句话——比如"她把票放在哪里""他为什么迟到"——这时就需要用一个完整的从句来充当宾语,这就是宾语从句。本单元我们继续学习宾语从句,重点是wh-疑问词(what/which/how/why/where/when/who)引导的宾语从句。
2. wh-引导词完整列表
不同的wh-词引导不同的含义——选对引导词是做对题的第一步。下面是本单元涉及的所有wh-引导词,以及它们各自的功能和课文原句:
what(指事物/情况)
例:I don't understand _______ she's going through.(我不理解她正在经历什么。)
which(指特定选择)
例:I can't remember _______ things you asked me to buy.(我记不得你让我买哪些东西了。)
how(指方式/方法)
例:Study _______ they are different from each other.(研究它们彼此之间有何不同。)
why(指原因)
例:Could you tell me _______ it is easy to forget a word?(你能告诉我为什么容易忘记一个单词吗?)
where(指地点)
例:She cannot remember _______ she put the opera ticket.(她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了。)
when(指时间)
例:Can you tell me _______ the next test is?(你能告诉我下次考试是什么时候吗?)
who(指人)
例:He wondered _______ took his wallet.(他想知道谁拿了他的钱包。)
3. 核心考点:陈述语序(必考!)
★ wh-引导的宾语从句必须用陈述语序!
这是宾语从句最重要的规则,也是考试最爱考的点。什么是陈述语序呢?就是"主语+谓语"的正常顺序,跟普通陈述句一样。疑问句的语序是"助动词/系动词+主语",而宾语从句中必须还原成"主语+谓语"。很多同学做题时容易忘记这一点,把疑问语序直接搬进来,这是最常见的错误。
变换规则:
❌ Why is it easy to forget?
✅ Could you tell me why _______ easy to forget?
❌ Where did she put the ticket?
✅ She cannot remember where _______ the ticket.
❌ When will the test be?
✅ Can you tell me when _____________________?
❌ What happened to her?
✅ I don't understand ______________ to her.
❌ Which book did he borrow?
✅ I can't remember which book ______________.
4. 时态呼应(主句过去时)
★ 当主句是过去时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态!
时态呼应是宾语从句的第二个核心考点。
规则很简单:主句是现在时,从句该用什么时态就用什么时态;但主句是过去时,从句就要"退一步"——一般现在时变一般过去时,一般过去时变过去完成时,现在进行时变过去进行时。为什么要这样呢?因为从句的动作是从"过去"的视角来看的,自然要用过去的时态。
时态对应关系:
主句一般过去时 → 从句一般过去时/过去进行时/过去完成时
例:He _______ what _______ to his mother.他想知道母亲遭遇了什么。
主句一般过去时 → 从句过去进行时
例:She _______ what she ______________ at that time.她回忆起自己当时正在做的事。
主句一般过去时 → 从句过去完成时
例:He _______ where the grapevine ______________ from.他弄清了小道消息的来源。
⚠️ 例外:客观真理永远用现在时
He _______ that the earth _______ around the sun.他说地球绕着太阳转。
不管主句是什么时态,客观真理(如地球绕太阳转、水在0度结冰等)永远用一般现在时。这是唯一的例外,必须记住!
5. 易错点总结(必记)
易错点1:忘记改为陈述语序
Could you tell me why is it easy to forget a word? ❌
Could you tell me why _______ easy to forget a word? ✅
宾语从句必须用陈述语序!why后面应该是主语+谓语(it is),而不是疑问语序(is it)。做题时,把从句单独拿出来看——如果它不像一个普通陈述句,那语序就错了。
易错点2:主句过去时,从句忘了退时态
He wondered what happened to his mother.(发生在wondered之前) ❌
He wondered what ______________ to his mother. ✅
主句wondered是过去时,而发生是在wondered之前,所以从句要用过去完成时had happened,不能用一般过去时。记住:过去的过去 -> 过去完成时。
易错点3:客观真理误改时态
The teacher told us that the earth went around the sun. ❌
The teacher told us that the earth _______ around the sun. ✅
地球绕太阳转是客观真理,不管主句是什么时态,从句永远用现在时goes。这类『客观真理』题是考试常设陷阱。
易错点4:选错引导词
I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. ❌
I can't remember _______ things you asked me to buy. ✅
what指『什么』(不确定的事物),which指『哪一个』(在已知范围内选择)。这里说话人知道是『那些东西』中的一部分,是在特定范围内选择,应该用which。
易错点5:who引导时语序混淆
He wondered who did take his wallet. ❌
He wondered ______________ his wallet. ✅
who在从句中作主语时,语序本身就是陈述语序,不需要加助动词did。who took his wallet = 谁拿了他的钱包,took是谓语动词,直接跟主语who即可。
6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀
_______ 陈述可省略,_______ 是否不可省。_____事物 _______ 选,
_______ 方式 _______ 原因。_______ 地点 _______ 时间,_______ 指人记心间。
从句语序是陈述,主过从过莫忘记。
7. 语法练习题
A. 单项选择
(1) Could you tell me ______ it is easy to forget a word?
A. why B. what C. that D. which
(2) She cannot remember ______ she put the opera ticket.
A. where B. what C. which D. who
(3) I don't understand ______ she's going through.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
(4) He wondered ______ took his wallet.
A. what B. who C. which D. where
(5) Can you tell me ______ the next test is?
A. what B. where C. when D. which
(6) Could you tell me ______?
A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where he does live D. where did he live
B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
(1) He wondered what ______ (happen) to his mother.
(2) She recalled what she ______ (do) at that time.
(3) He realized where the grapevine ______ (come) from.
(4) This was why she ______ (drop) the grapes.
(5) I can't remember which book he ______ (borrow) yesterday.
(6) The teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun.
C. 句型转换
(1) Why is it easy to forget a word? Could you tell me?(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(2) Where did she put the opera ticket? She cannot remember.(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(3) When will the test be? Can you tell me?(合并为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
(4) He said, 'The earth goes around the sun.'(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________________
四、书面表达
话题:How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式,日记体)
第一段(开头,1-2句):点出挑战+目标
描述你过去在记忆方面遇到的困难,以及你决定改变的目标。
核心句式:
• In the past, I always struggled with...过去,我一直深受……的困扰
• I used to have difficulty in...我过去常常在……方面感到吃力
• Last week, I decided to find a better way to...上周,我决定寻找一种更好的方法来……
第二段(主体,4-5句):尝试的方法(2-3个)
具体写出你尝试了哪些记忆方法,每个方法怎么操作、效果如何。用instead of、by doing等结构串联。
核心句式:
• First, I tried doing... Instead of..., I...首先,我尝试过……我没有选择……,而是……
• Second, I formed images in my mind for each word.其次,我会在脑海中为每个单词构建画面。
• Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes.
第三,我分段短时学习,每四十分钟就休息一次。
第三段(转折/鼓励,2-3句):他人的帮助与鼓励
写朋友或老师给了你什么建议和鼓励,用宾语从句表达。
核心句式:
• A friend told me (that) I should have confidence in myself.
一位朋友告诉我,我应当对自己抱有信心。
• She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.她说如果我忘了单词,不必慌张。
第四段(结尾,2句):成果+感悟
写出方法的效果和你的感悟,引用金句升华主题。
核心句式:
• I followed these methods and my test was a great success!
我采用了这些方法,测试取得了圆满成功!
• I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method.
我意识到不存在一种适用于所有情况的通用方法。
• The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
关键在于找到最适合自己的方式并坚持下去。
(二)高分替换词表
基础词
高分替换词
含义
例句
remember
memorize / recall
记忆;回忆
I memorized the words by making cards.
hard
demanding / difficult
要求高的;困难的
The task was demanding but rewarding.
good
effective / impressive
有效的;令人印象深刻的
The method proved highly effective.
help
boost / support
提升;支持
These techniques can boost your memory.
use
make use of / put to good use
好好利用
Put what you learn to good use.
important
significant / essential
重要的;必要的
Regular review is essential for memory.
forget
be forgetful / fail to recall
健忘;未能回忆
Don't be forgetful — review daily!
way
method / technique
方法;技巧
She taught me a clever memorization technique.
(三)高分词组
① pay attention to 注意;关注 ② use it or lose it 用进废退
③ make use of 利用 ④ keep in mind 牢记在心
⑤ instead of 代替;而不是 ⑥ one-size-fits-all 一刀切的
⑦ put ... to good use 好好利用 ⑧ step by step 逐步
⑨ last but not least 最后但同样重要的 ⑩ have confidence in 对……有信心
(四)参考范文
How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
In the past, I always struggled with remembering English words. I would memorize them one night and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.
First, I tried making word cards and grouping information by topic. Instead of memorizing random words, I organized them into categories like 'food', 'travel' and 'emotions'. Second, I formed images in my mind for each word. For example, when I learned 'freezing', I pictured myself standing in snow. Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes. A friend told me to have confidence in myself. She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic. I should just review it again.
I followed these methods and my test today was a great success! I remembered 95% of the words. I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
(五)写作模板(万能模板)
How I Overcame My Memory Challenge
In the past, I always struggled with ________(你记忆方面的困难). I would ________(描述具体问题)and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.
First, I tried ________(方法1:如making word cards). Instead of ________(原来的做法), I ________(改进后的做法). Second, I ________(方法2:如formed images in my mind). For example, when I learned '________', I pictured ________(具体联想画面). Third, I ________(方法3:如studied in short sections). A friend told me (that) I should ________(朋友的建议). She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.
I followed these methods and my test was a great success! I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.
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