专题32 虚拟语气（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 以“考向分类+场景创新+真题实战”构建虚拟语气全体系训练，系统覆盖基础规则、特殊结构及高考高频考点，强化语言应用与文化情境融合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|12考向（含if虚拟/含蓄虚拟等）+语法填空/七选五|按时间维度（现在/过去/将来）分类突破，提炼倒装、含蓄虚拟等特殊结构标志词|从基本虚拟条件句到名词性从句/特殊句式虚拟，形成“规则-变式-应用”递进链条| |重难·创新演练|20题（中医药/AI修复等新情境）+语法填空/完形/阅读|结合跨文化场景（如非遗/航天）训练虚拟语气在篇章中的灵活运用|通过真实语境迁移基础规则，提升思维品质与文化意识| |真题·实战演练|10道近年高考题|聚焦高频考点（如wish/as if/It’s high time），强化解题技巧|对接高考命题趋势，巩固核心考点与应试策略|

第32讲 虚拟语气 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 6 真题·实战演练 16 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：if虚拟条件句、含蓄虚拟、suggest/insist等名词性从句虚拟、as if、would rather、It’s high time等…… 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 考向01：与现在事实相反 1. If I ________ (be) you, I ________ (take) this chance. 2. If he ________ (study) harder now, he ________ (pass) the exam easily. 考向02：与过去事实相反 1. If you ________ (come) yesterday, you ________ (meet) my old friend. 2. She ________ (not miss) the train if she ________ (get) up earlier this morning. 考向03：与将来事实相反（三种从句形式） 1. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we ________ (put) off the sports meeting. 2. If I ________ (fly) to Mars some day, I ________ (take) many photos. 考向04省略if的倒装虚拟（条件句有should/had/were，可提前倒装，去掉if） 1. ________ (be) I free, I would go shopping with you. 2. ________ (have) he known the truth, he wouldn’t have argued with her. 考向05 without/but for +名词，暗含虚拟 1. Without your help, I ________ (fail) last term. 2. But for the heavy rain, we ________ (arrive) on time now. 考向06 otherwise/or 否则，表虚拟 1. I was busy then, otherwise I ________ (help) you. 2. Hurry up! Or we ________ (be) late for class. 考向07名词性从句虚拟（一坚持二命令三建议四要求） 1. The teacher suggested that we ________ (finish) homework before dinner. 2. He insisted that he ________ (be) right. 考向08 It is +形容词/名词 + that从句虚拟 1. It is necessary that he ________ (attend) the meeting. 2. It’s a pity that she ________ (miss) the wonderful show. 考向09 wish 后宾语从句虚拟（分时间） 1. I wish I ________ (can) swim like a fish now. 2. He wishes he ________ (not make) that stupid mistake yesterday. 考向10 as if / as though 仿佛，好像（虚拟） 1. He talks as if he ________ (know) everything. 2. She cried as if she ________ (hear) some bad news just now. 考向11 would rather 后从句虚拟 1. I’d rather you ________ (stay) at home tonight. 2. I’d rather you ________ (not tell) him the secret yesterday. 考向12 It’s high time that… 该做某事了（虚拟） 1. It’s high time that we ________ (go) to bed. 2. It’s high time that you ________ (make) a decision. 题型二 语法填空 Passage 1（2026·湖北武汉·二模） A zero-carbon campus project ________ 1 ________ (launch) in dozens of high schools across Hubei province this year, calling on students to develop low-carbon daily habits. Students divide into groups to carry out small green activities, one of ________ 2 ________ is waste classification and recycling. Plastic bottles and waste paper collected by students ________ 3 ________ (sell) to recycling stations, and the money is used to buy saplings for campus green belts. Solar panels fixed on classroom roofs produce electricity ________ 4 ________ (power) lighting and multimedia equipment, cutting the school’s electricity bills greatly. Teachers guide students to record daily carbon footprints in notebooks, ________ 5 ________ (help) them realize how much energy ordinary activities consume. Many students used to leave lights and taps on carelessly, ________ 6 ________ now they take turns to check classrooms after school to save resources. Schools also hold monthly lectures ________ 7 ________ environmental volunteers share global carbon reduction knowledge. What surprises educators most is that students spread zero-carbon ideas to their families, ________ 8 ________ (push) parents to choose public transport and energy-saving home appliances. Experts believe that young people are the most powerful force ________ 9 ________ carbon reduction. If every student sticks to small green actions, the total carbon reduction effect ________ 10 ________ (be) impressive. Passage 2 （2026·河南郑州·一模） An online ancient book reading platform supported by provincial library ________ 1 ________ (attract) over one million young visitors since its opening last January. All precious paper ancient books ________ 2 ________ (scan) into high-definition digital copies to avoid damage from frequent turning of pages. Readers can zoom in every character and drawing on screen, ________ 3 ________ (explore) ancient texts without touching original fragile books. The platform sets up online reading rooms ________ 4 ________ users can communicate with professional researchers about history and literature hidden in old books. Every weekend, scholars give live explanations, ________ 5 ________ make hard-to-understand ancient Chinese easy for teenagers to grasp. Before digitalization, most rare ancient books ________ 6 ________ (store) in sealed vaults, and only professional researchers had access ________ 7 ________ them. Ordinary readers could hardly get a chance to appreciate these cultural treasures. Now primary and high school teachers assign platform reading as after-school tasks, ________ 8 ________ (encourage) students to dig into traditional history voluntarily. The library also develops short animated videos ________ 9 ________ (base) on classic ancient stories to suit teenagers’ reading habits. Digital technology makes ancient books accessible ________ 10 ________ all age groups. 题型三、七选五 Passage 3 （2026・广东佛山一模） Space breeding is a special technology combining space industry and modern agriculture. It has greatly changed traditional crop planting in rural areas. 1 First, space environment naturally changes plant genes. In outer space, strong cosmic radiation and weightlessness cause mild gene changes in crop seeds. 2 After screening, these mutated seeds grow into crops with higher output and stronger disease resistance. 3 Lots of people misunderstand that space seeds are dangerous genetically modified products. In fact, space mutation happens naturally without human gene editing. It is totally safe for people to eat fruits and vegetables grown from space seeds. Third, space breeding drives local rural economy. New space crops bring higher income for farmers. Many villages build picking gardens with space plants to develop rural tourism. 4 Experts predict that space agriculture will develop faster in the next ten years. 5 More teenagers will take agriculture-related majors to serve rural revitalization. A. Second, space-bred crops are completely safe for human beings. B. These natural gene changes bring better qualities to crops. C. It brings three main benefits to agriculture and villages. D. Space seeds can replace all traditional farm crops in the future. E. This kind of sightseeing activity creates more jobs for villagers. F. More technical support will be provided for space breeding research. G. Farmers refuse to plant space seeds for fear of low production. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:中医药;AI与人文底蕴；中国网络文学；中国文化遗产；学科融合:社会科学；月球探测；电商经济..... 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·中医药研发】（2026·山东济南·一模）If the researchers ________ (carry) out the experiment one month earlier, they would have found the new herbal formula. 2．【新情境·AI文物修复】（2026·浙江杭州·二模）The damaged ancient painting looks as if it ________ (break) into pieces years ago. 3．【新情境·月球探测计划】（2026·四川成都·一模）Without the powerful carrier rocket, we ________ (achieve) the lunar landing task successfully last year. 4．【新情境·古建榫卯非遗】（2026·福建宁德·二模）It is suggested that the old craft ________ (record) in digital videos for future generations. 5．【新情境·湿地生态修复】（2026·江苏苏州·一模）If we ________ (protect) the wetland well earlier, rare water birds would not be disappearing now. 6．【新情境·古籍数字化】（2026·河南郑州·三模）I would rather the government ________ (invest) more money in ancient book protection last year. 7．【新情境·双碳新能源产业】（2026·广东广州·二模）If solar energy ________ (apply) widely ten years ago, carbon emissions would be much lower at present. 8．【新情境·国风短视频出海】（2026·湖南长沙·一模）The young creator talks about Chinese paper-cutting as though he ________ (grow) up in a traditional folk art village. 9．【新情境·乡村支教】（2026·河北石家庄·二模）It’s high time that we ________ (pay) more attention to children’s education in mountain villages. 10．【新情境·智慧农耕】（2026·安徽合肥·一模）But for the intelligent farm sensors, farmers ________ (suffer) huge losses in the drought last summer. 11．【新情境·太极拳海外推广】（2026·陕西西安·三模）The coach insisted that every student ________ (master) the basic Tai Chi movements before the competition. 12．【新情境·海洋资源保护】（2026·山东青岛·二模）If the fishing ban ________ (put) into effect earlier, many marine species would still exist today. 13．【新情境·红色文旅研学】（2026·江西南昌·一模）We wish we ________ (visit) the revolutionary base together with our classmates last holiday. 14．【新情境·VR数字博物馆】（2026·湖北武汉·二模）Suppose you ________ (be) a museum guide, how would you introduce cultural relics to foreign visitors? 15．【新情境·沙漠光伏治沙】（2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·一模）Without joint efforts of scientists, the desert ________ (turn) into green land at the moment. 16．【新情境·英歌舞非遗展演】（2026·广东汕头·三模）It was ordered that all performers ________ (arrive) at the square two hours ahead of the show. 17．【新情境·深空天文观测】（2026·云南昆明·二模）If humans ________ (not build) advanced telescopes, we would know little about distant galaxies now. 18．【新情境·书香乡村建设】（2026·山西太原·一模）I’d rather the village library ________ (open) to villagers every day, not only on weekends. 19．【新情境·国货跨境电商】（2026·浙江宁波·一模）The manager suggested that more Chinese handmade goods ________ (display) on overseas online platforms. 20．【新情境·智慧校园心理系统】（2026·北京海淀·一模）If the mental health warning system ________ (install) last term, more students’ anxiety would have been relieved. 二、语法填空 Passage 1 【新情境·乡村文旅】（2026·四川成都·二模） Rural cultural tourism has become a new engine driving China’s rural revitalization in recent years. Many villages ________ 1 ________ (transform) ordinary farmland into scenic spots featuring local customs and traditional culture. Unlike crowded urban scenic areas, rural tourism destinations offer tourists peaceful scenery and authentic rural life experiences, ________ 2 ________ (make) them popular among city dwellers. Local villagers, most of ________ 3 ________ used to work in cities, now run homestays and specialty shops at home. To improve tourism quality, local governments invest heavily ________ 4 ________ road construction and public service facilities. Professional training courses are provided regularly for villagers, ________ 5 ________ (teach) them standardized service skills and cultural publicity knowledge. Tourists can taste farmhouse meals, experience traditional handcrafts and watch folk performances, ________ 6 ________ (deep) their understanding of local culture. What’s more, local specialties ________ 7 ________ (sell) online alongside tourism development, greatly increasing farmers’ income. Experts point out that rural tourism is not simply about scenery viewing, ________ 8 ________ a perfect combination of culture and economy. Proper protection of rural cultural resources is the key ________ 9 ________ sustainable development of rural tourism. With continuous innovation, rural cultural tourism will maintain ________ 10 ________ (it) unique charm in the future. Passage 2 【新情境·全民阅读】（2026·安徽合肥·一模） National Reading Day falls on April 23 every year, ________ 1 ________ aims to encourage people of all ages to form good reading habits. In recent years, China ________ 2 ________ (promote) nationwide reading activities vigorously. Libraries and bookstores across the country launch various reading events regularly, ________ 3 ________ (include) book sharing meetings, expert lectures and parent-child reading activities. Unlike passive entertainment such as short-video browsing, reading enables people ________ 4 ________ (gain) knowledge, broaden horizons and enrich spiritual world. Many cities have built community reading rooms, ________ 5 ________ residents can borrow books and read for free. For students, reading classic works is an effective way ________ 6 ________ (improve) literary literacy and thinking ability. For working people, reading helps relieve pressure and accumulate experience in spare time. Nowadays, digital reading platforms make reading more convenient and ________ 7 ________ (access) for busy people. Though e-books are popular, paper books still hold unique value, ________ 8 ________ provide readers with a more immersive reading experience. Researchers say consistent reading is beneficial to personal growth and social progress. It is hoped ________ 9 ________ more people will stick to daily reading and let reading become a lifelong ________ 10 ________ (pursue). 题型三 完形填空【新角度·成长感悟·挫折教育】（2026·安徽·三模） Failure is an unavoidable part of growth. Many teenagers fear failure and try every means to 36 risks and challenges. They regard failure as a sign of 37 and feel frustrated and discouraged after failing. However, failure is actually the best 38 for teenagers. Success always hides behind repeated failures. Every failure provides us with valuable 39 , helping us find out our shortcomings and 40 our methods. Those who dare to fail are more 41 to embrace success. If we always 42 difficulties, we will never make progress or gain real growth. Facing failure 43 is an essential ability for modern students. Instead of feeling upset, we should 44 failure calmly, analyze reasons and draw lessons. We should not let failure 45 us, but use it to 46 ourselves and become stronger. Growth is not a process of never 47 , but a process of constantly correcting mistakes and 48 ourselves. Failure does not mean you are incompetent; it only means you need more 49 and patience. Embrace failure bravely, and you will finally 50 brilliant success. 36. A. avoid B. take C. face D. create 37. A. strength B. weakness C. luck D. honor 38. A. burden B. reward C. teacher D. barrier 39. A. experience B. pressure C. praise D. trouble 40. A. repeat B. adjust C. abandon D. remember 41. A. likely B. unwilling C. unable D. uncertain 42. A. insist on B. stick to C. shrink from D. turn to 43. A. casually B. negatively C. bravely D. secretly 44. A. refuse B. accept C. ignore D. fear 45. A. defeat B. inspire C. encourage D. motivate 46. A. relax B. improve C. treat D. forgive 47. A. studying B. progressing C. failing D. trying 48. A. transforming B. doubting C. hiding D. forgiving 49. A. money B. time C. freedom D. award 50. A. achieve B. abandon C. witness D. witness 题型四 阅读理解 passage 1 【新情境·航天科普·深空探索】（2026·天津·三模） With the rapid development of aerospace technology, human deep space exploration has entered a new stage. In recent years, China's lunar exploration and Mars exploration projects have achieved fruitful results, making important contributions to human's understanding of the solar system. Among many exploration plans, asteroid exploration has become a new research hotspot. Asteroids are small celestial bodies in the solar system, which retain the primitive material composition of the formation of the solar system billions of years ago. Unlike planets that have undergone long-term geological evolution, asteroids have simple structures and stable material components. Studying asteroids can help scientists trace the origin and evolution of the solar system, and explore the mystery of the formation of celestial bodies. In addition to scientific research value, asteroid exploration also has practical strategic significance. Some asteroids are rich in rare metal resources that are scarce on Earth. In the future, asteroid resource mining is expected to solve the problem of earth resource depletion. Moreover, monitoring and exploring asteroids can effectively prevent the risk of asteroid impact on the earth, protecting the safety of human living environment. China's asteroid exploration project is progressing steadily. The first asteroid exploration mission is scheduled to be completed in the next two years. The probe will conduct close observation and sample collection of near-Earth asteroids, and return samples to the earth for laboratory analysis. This mission will fill the gap in China's asteroid sampling technology and lay a foundation for future deep space resource development. 32. Why are asteroids valuable for scientific research? A. They have complex geological structures. B. They keep the original solar system materials. C. They have the same composition as planets. D. They evolve rapidly with the solar system. 33. What practical benefit can asteroid exploration bring? A. It solves environmental pollution problems. B. It provides new space living space. C. It helps exploit rare space resources. D. It accelerates the evolution of celestial bodies. 34. What is the goal of China's first asteroid exploration mission? A. To build a space base on asteroids. B. To collect asteroid samples for research. C. To prevent all asteroid impacts. D. To develop asteroid resources commercially. 35. What is the text mainly about? A. The value and progress of asteroid exploration. B. The history of human deep space exploration. C. The composition characteristics of asteroids. D. The future of space resource mining. Passage 2 七选五【新情境・古籍数字化阅读】（2026・湖南长沙二模） Digital ancient book platforms make rare old works open to ordinary readers. They solve many problems of traditional library book storage. 1 To begin with, digital scans protect fragile paper ancient books. Original ancient books are too thin and easy to break after hundreds of years. 2 Readers enjoy the content online without touching the real books, greatly reducing wear and tear. Besides, online reading breaks space limits. In the past, only people living near big libraries could view rare ancient works. 3 Students in small towns can study ancient classics at home with a mobile phone. 4 Professional researchers upload short videos and live streams to explain difficult classical Chinese words and historical stories. Teenagers find it much easier to understand ancient culture now. All in all, digital platforms do not take the place of real ancient books. 5 Together they form a complete way to inherit our precious literary heritage. A. Third, digital resources make ancient texts easier for teens to understand. B. Digital copies bring three obvious advantages for readers and libraries. C. Digital machines can completely repair broken pages of old books. D. Now anyone with the Internet can visit the digital library anytime. E. Instead, they act as a popularization tool for public cultural learning. F. Most teenagers show no interest in hard-to-read ancient books. G. Libraries stop showing original ancient books after digitalization. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：对现在 / 过去 / 将来虚拟的主从句谓语动词结构； if 虚拟条件句省略 if 的倒装结构；含蓄虚拟语气（without/but for/or/otherwise 引导）；名词性从句虚拟：suggest/advise/insist 等动词后 (should) do；特殊句式虚拟：wish/as if/It’s high time that… 1.（2026・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）Had you followed the teacher’s writing guidance, you ______ (avoid) careless mistakes in last week’s composition. 2.（2026・北京卷・语法填空）If I ______ (prepare) fully for the speech contest last month, I wouldn’t feel so nervous now. 3.（2025・全国乙卷・语法填空）The professor suggested that all participants ______ (submit) their research papers before the deadline. 4.（2025・新课标 Ⅱ 卷・语法填空）I wish I ______ (join) the field trip last Saturday, but I had to look after my younger sister. 5.（2025・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）But for the volunteers’ help, we ______ (fail) to organize the cultural show last spring. 6.（2024・全国甲卷・语法填空）I was caught in heavy rain yesterday; otherwise I ______ (arrive) at the meeting hall on time. 7.（2024・新课标 Ⅰ 卷・语法填空）If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, the outdoor sports meeting would be put off to next Monday. 8.（2024・北京卷・语法填空）It is high time that local authorities ______ (build) more public libraries for teenagers. 9.（2024・全国乙卷・语法填空）He talks about space exploration as if he ______ (travel) to space himself. 10.（2024・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）It’s strange that she ______ (turn) down the chance to study abroad. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第32讲 虚拟语气 模拟·基础演练 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 考向 01：与现在事实相反 1. were; would take 2. studied; could pass 考向 02：与过去事实相反 1. had come; would have met 2. wouldn’t have missed; had got 考向 03：与将来事实相反（三种从句形式） 1. should rain; would put 2. were to fly; might take 考向 04 省略 if 的倒装虚拟 1. Were 2. Had 考向 05 without/but for + 名词，暗含虚拟 1. would have failed 2. would arrive 考向 06 otherwise/or 否则，表虚拟 1. would have helped 2. would be 考向 07 名词性从句虚拟（一坚持二命令三建议四要求） 3. (should) finish 4. (should) be 考向 08 It is + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句虚拟 5. (should) attend 2. (should) miss 考向 09 wish 后宾语从句虚拟（分时间） 1. could 2. hadn’t made 考向 10 as if /as though 仿佛，好像（虚拟） 1. knew 2. had heard 考向 11 would rather 后从句虚拟 1. stayed 2. hadn’t told 考向 12 It’s high time that… 该做某事了（虚拟） 1. went / should go 2. made / should make 题型二 语法填空 Passage 1 1. has been launched 2. which 3. are sold 4. to power 5. helping 6. but 7. where 8. pushing 9. for 10. will be Passage 2 1. has attracted 2. are scanned 3. exploring 4. where 5. which 6. were stored 7. to 8. encouraging 9. based 10. to 题型三、七选五 Passage 3 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.E 5.F 重难·创新演练 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. had carried 2. had broken 3. couldn’t have achieved 4. (should) be recorded 5. had protected 6. had invested 7. had been applied 8. had grown 9. paid / should pay 10. would have suffered 11. (should) master 12. had been put 13. had visited 14. were 15. couldn’t have turned 16. (should) arrive 17. had not built 18. opened 19. (should) be displayed 20. had been installed 二、语法填空 Passage 1 1. have transformed 2. making 3. whom 4. in 5. teaching 6. deepening 7. are sold 8. but 9. to 10. its Passage 2 1. which 2. has promoted 3. including 4. to gain 5. where 6. to improve 7. accessible 8. which 9. that 10. pursuit 题型三 完形填空 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.A 42.C 43.C 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.A 49.B 50.A 题型四 阅读理解 passage 1 32.B 33.C 34.B 35.A Passage 2 七选五 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.E 真题·实战演练 1. would have avoided 2. had prepared 3. (should) submit 4. had joined 5. would have failed 6. would have arrived 7. should rain /were to rain /rained 8. took /should build 9. had travelled 10. (should) turn 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第32讲 虚拟语气 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 6 真题·实战演练 16 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：if虚拟条件句、含蓄虚拟、suggest/insist等名词性从句虚拟、as if、would rather、It’s high time等…… 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 考向01：与现在事实相反 1. If I ________ (be) you, I ________ (take) this chance. 答案：were; would take 解析：对现在虚拟，if从句be动词一律用were；主句用would+动词原形。句意：如果我是你，我会抓住这次机会。 2. If he ________ (study) harder now, he ________ (pass) the exam easily. 答案：studied; could pass 解析：now提示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用过去式，主句could+动词原形。 考向02：与过去事实相反 1. If you ________ (come) yesterday, you ________ (meet) my old friend. 答案：had come; would have met 解析：yesterday表过去，从句用had done，主句would have done。实际昨天没来，没见到朋友。 2. She ________ (not miss) the train if she ________ (get) up earlier this morning. 答案：wouldn’t have missed; had got 解析：this morning为过去时间，对过去虚拟，从句had done，主句would have done。 考向03：与将来事实相反（三种从句形式） 1. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we ________ (put) off the sports meeting. 答案：should rain; would put 解析：tomorrow对将来虚拟，从句可用should do，主句would+动词原形。 2. If I ________ (fly) to Mars some day, I ________ (take) many photos. 答案：were to fly; might take 解析：对将来不可能发生的事虚拟，从句用were to do，主句might+动词原形。 考向04省略if的倒装虚拟（条件句有should/had/were，可提前倒装，去掉if） 1. ________ (be) I free, I would go shopping with you. 答案：Were 解析：原句If I were free，省略if，把were提前构成倒装。 2. ________ (have) he known the truth, he wouldn’t have argued with her. 答案：Had 解析：原句If he had known the truth，省略if，had提前倒装。 考向05 without/but for +名词，暗含虚拟 1. Without your help, I ________ (fail) last term. 答案：would have failed 解析：last term为过去时间，without表“要是没有”，含蓄对过去虚拟，用would have done。 2. But for the heavy rain, we ________ (arrive) on time now. 答案：would arrive 解析：now表现在，but for含蓄虚拟现在，主句would do。 考向06 otherwise/or 否则，表虚拟 1. I was busy then, otherwise I ________ (help) you. 答案：would have helped 解析：前面过去时，otherwise暗示过去本可以帮忙却没帮，对过去虚拟。 2. Hurry up! Or we ________ (be) late for class. 答案：would be 解析：对将来情况虚拟，or相当于if we don’t hurry up，主句would do。 考向07名词性从句虚拟（一坚持二命令三建议四要求） 1. The teacher suggested that we ________ (finish) homework before dinner. 答案：(should) finish 解析：suggest表“建议”，宾语从句用(should) do虚拟。 2. He insisted that he ________ (be) right. 答案：(should) be 解析：insist表“坚决要求”，从句使用(should)+动词原形。 考向08 It is +形容词/名词 + that从句虚拟 1. It is necessary that he ________ (attend) the meeting. 答案：(should) attend 解析：固定句型It is necessary that…，从句用(should) do。 2. It’s a pity that she ________ (miss) the wonderful show. 答案：(should) miss 解析：It is a pity that从句，虚拟结构(should)+动词原形。 考向09 wish 后宾语从句虚拟（分时间） 1. I wish I ________ (can) swim like a fish now. 答案：could 解析：now与现在相反，wish从句用一般过去时；can对应过去式could。 2. He wishes he ________ (not make) that stupid mistake yesterday. 答案：hadn’t made 解析：yesterday与过去事实相反，wish从句用had done。 考向10 as if / as though 仿佛，好像（虚拟） 1. He talks as if he ________ (know) everything. 答案：knew 解析：主句一般现在时，与现在事实相反，从句用过去式。 2. She cried as if she ________ (hear) some bad news just now. 答案：had heard 解析：just now过去时间，与过去事实相反，从句用had done。 考向11 would rather 后从句虚拟 1. I’d rather you ________ (stay) at home tonight. 答案：stayed 解析：would rather + 主语，对现在/将来虚拟，从句用动词过去式。 2. I’d rather you ________ (not tell) him the secret yesterday. 答案：hadn’t told 解析：yesterday对过去虚拟，从句用had done。 考向12 It’s high time that… 该做某事了（虚拟） 1. It’s high time that we ________ (go) to bed. 答案：went / should go 解析：固定句型，从句谓语用动词过去式或should+动词原形（should不可省）。 2. It’s high time that you ________ (make) a decision. 答案：made / should make 解析：同上，表“早该做决定了”，使用虚拟语气。 题型二 语法填空 Passage 1（2026·湖北武汉·二模） A zero-carbon campus project ________ 1 ________ (launch) in dozens of high schools across Hubei province this year, calling on students to develop low-carbon daily habits. Students divide into groups to carry out small green activities, one of ________ 2 ________ is waste classification and recycling. Plastic bottles and waste paper collected by students ________ 3 ________ (sell) to recycling stations, and the money is used to buy saplings for campus green belts. Solar panels fixed on classroom roofs produce electricity ________ 4 ________ (power) lighting and multimedia equipment, cutting the school’s electricity bills greatly. Teachers guide students to record daily carbon footprints in notebooks, ________ 5 ________ (help) them realize how much energy ordinary activities consume. Many students used to leave lights and taps on carelessly, ________ 6 ________ now they take turns to check classrooms after school to save resources. Schools also hold monthly lectures ________ 7 ________ environmental volunteers share global carbon reduction knowledge. What surprises educators most is that students spread zero-carbon ideas to their families, ________ 8 ________ (push) parents to choose public transport and energy-saving home appliances. Experts believe that young people are the most powerful force ________ 9 ________ carbon reduction. If every student sticks to small green actions, the total carbon reduction effect ________ 10 ________ (be) impressive. 【答案与详细解析】 1. has been launched 考查现在完成时被动语态。this year结合语境表动作已完成，项目被推行。 2. which 考查非限制性定语从句。one of which指代前文的绿色活动。 3. are sold 考查一般现在时被动语态。废品被售卖，主语为复数，表常态。 4. to power 考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，发电用于供给设备运转。 5. helping 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，记录碳足迹帮助学生树立节能意识。 6. but 考查并列连词。前后行为对比转折，从前浪费资源，如今主动节能。 7. where 考查限制性定语从句。lectures为抽象地点，从句成分完整，用where。 8. pushing 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，传播理念同时带动家庭低碳。 9. for 考查介词。固定搭配force for carbon reduction，意为“减排的中坚力量”。 10. will be 考查一般将来时。if条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，主句用将来时。 Passage 2 （2026·河南郑州·一模） An online ancient book reading platform supported by provincial library ________ 1 ________ (attract) over one million young visitors since its opening last January. All precious paper ancient books ________ 2 ________ (scan) into high-definition digital copies to avoid damage from frequent turning of pages. Readers can zoom in every character and drawing on screen, ________ 3 ________ (explore) ancient texts without touching original fragile books. The platform sets up online reading rooms ________ 4 ________ users can communicate with professional researchers about history and literature hidden in old books. Every weekend, scholars give live explanations, ________ 5 ________ make hard-to-understand ancient Chinese easy for teenagers to grasp. Before digitalization, most rare ancient books ________ 6 ________ (store) in sealed vaults, and only professional researchers had access ________ 7 ________ them. Ordinary readers could hardly get a chance to appreciate these cultural treasures. Now primary and high school teachers assign platform reading as after-school tasks, ________ 8 ________ (encourage) students to dig into traditional history voluntarily. The library also develops short animated videos ________ 9 ________ (base) on classic ancient stories to suit teenagers’ reading habits. Digital technology makes ancient books accessible ________ 10 ________ all age groups. 【答案与详细解析】 1. has attracted 考查现在完成时。since last January为完成时标志，主语单数。 2. are scanned 考查一般现在时被动语态。古籍被扫描存档，主语复数，表常态化操作。 3. exploring 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，放大图文研读古籍。 4. where 考查限制性定语从句。阅览室为抽象地点，从句完整，用where。 5. which 考查非限制性定语从句，指代学者直播讲解的行为。 6. were stored 考查一般过去时被动语态。数字化之前古籍被封存，主语复数。 7. to 考查介词。固定搭配have access to，意为“有权接触、使用”。 8. encouraging 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，布置任务鼓励学生研学古籍。 9. based 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be based on，过去分词作后置定语。 10. to 考查介词。固定搭配accessible to sb.，意为“对某人开放、可接触”。 题型三、七选五 Passage 3 （2026・广东佛山一模） Space breeding is a special technology combining space industry and modern agriculture. It has greatly changed traditional crop planting in rural areas. 1 First, space environment naturally changes plant genes. In outer space, strong cosmic radiation and weightlessness cause mild gene changes in crop seeds. 2 After screening, these mutated seeds grow into crops with higher output and stronger disease resistance. 3 Lots of people misunderstand that space seeds are dangerous genetically modified products. In fact, space mutation happens naturally without human gene editing. It is totally safe for people to eat fruits and vegetables grown from space seeds. Third, space breeding drives local rural economy. New space crops bring higher income for farmers. Many villages build picking gardens with space plants to develop rural tourism. 4 Experts predict that space agriculture will develop faster in the next ten years. 5 More teenagers will take agriculture-related majors to serve rural revitalization. A. Second, space-bred crops are completely safe for human beings. B. These natural gene changes bring better qualities to crops. C. It brings three main benefits to agriculture and villages. D. Space seeds can replace all traditional farm crops in the future. E. This kind of sightseeing activity creates more jobs for villagers. F. More technical support will be provided for space breeding research. G. Farmers refuse to plant space seeds for fear of low production. 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.E 5.F 【详细解析】 1. C 总领句。前文介绍太空育种技术，C 引出下文三点好处，开启 First/Second/Third 分层论述。 2. B 逻辑承接句。太空环境引发种子自然基因突变，B 说明这类突变能提升作物品质，衔接后文筛选良种。 3. A 分层主旨句。First 讲基因改良优势，本段澄清太空作物食用安全，A 用 Second 开启第二点优势。 4. E 结果总结句。村庄打造太空作物采摘园发展乡村旅游，E 补充观光产业为村民创造更多就业岗位。 5. F 预测延伸句。专家预判太空农业快速发展，F 说明未来会投入更多技术支持育种研究，呼应段首展望。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:中医药;AI与人文底蕴；中国网络文学；中国文化遗产；学科融合:社会科学；月球探测；电商经济..... 题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·中医药研发】（2026·山东济南·一模）If the researchers ________ (carry) out the experiment one month earlier, they would have found the new herbal formula. 【答案】had carried 【解析】句意：如果研究人员早一个月开展实验，他们本可以发现这款全新草药配方。主句would have done提示对过去虚拟，从句用had done结构。 2．【新情境·AI文物修复】（2026·浙江杭州·二模）The damaged ancient painting looks as if it ________ (break) into pieces years ago. 【答案】had broken 【解析】句意：这幅破损古画看上去仿佛多年前就碎成了碎片。as if引导虚拟语气，“碎掉”发生在主句谓语之前，对过去虚拟用had done。 3．【新情境·月球探测计划】（2026·四川成都·一模）Without the powerful carrier rocket, we ________ (achieve) the lunar landing task successfully last year. 【答案】couldn’t have achieved 【解析】句意：倘若没有大推力运载火箭，我们去年不可能顺利完成登月任务。without引导含蓄虚拟，时间状语last year表对过去虚拟，用couldn’t have done。 4．【新情境·古建榫卯非遗】（2026·福建宁德·二模）It is suggested that the old craft ________ (record) in digital videos for future generations. 【答案】(should) be recorded 【解析】句意：有人建议将这项古老技艺录制为数字影像留给后人。suggest表“建议”，宾语从句用(should) do；技艺是被记录，被动语态(should) be recorded。 5．【新情境·湿地生态修复】（2026·江苏苏州·一模）If we ________ (protect) the wetland well earlier, rare water birds would not be disappearing now. 【答案】had protected 【解析】句意：如果我们早些好好保护湿地，珍稀水鸟如今就不会逐渐消失。错综虚拟：从句对过去虚拟（had done），主句对现在虚拟（would do）。 6．【新情境·古籍数字化】（2026·河南郑州·三模）I would rather the government ________ (invest) more money in ancient book protection last year. 【答案】had invested 【解析】句意：我真希望政府去年能投入更多资金保护古籍。would rather后从句，谈及过去的愿望，虚拟语气用had done。 7．【新情境·双碳新能源产业】（2026·广东广州·二模）If solar energy ________ (apply) widely ten years ago, carbon emissions would be much lower at present. 【答案】had been applied 【解析】句意：倘若十年前太阳能就得到广泛应用，如今碳排放会低很多。错综虚拟，从句对过去虚拟，能源与应用为被动，填had been applied。 8．【新情境·国风短视频出海】（2026·湖南长沙·一模）The young creator talks about Chinese paper-cutting as though he ________ (grow) up in a traditional folk art village. 【答案】had grown 【解析】句意：这位青年创作者谈起剪纸，仿佛自幼成长在民间艺术古村。实际并非如此，as though对过去事实虚拟，用had grown。 9．【新情境·乡村支教】（2026·河北石家庄·二模）It’s high time that we ________ (pay) more attention to children’s education in mountain villages. 【答案】paid / should pay 【解析】句意：我们早该重视山区孩童的教育问题了。It’s high time that从句固定虚拟，谓语用过去式或should do（should不可省略）。 10．【新情境·智慧农耕】（2026·安徽合肥·一模）But for the intelligent farm sensors, farmers ________ (suffer) huge losses in the drought last summer. 【答案】would have suffered 【解析】句意：要不是智能农田传感器，去年夏天旱灾会让农户蒙受巨大损失。but for含蓄虚拟，对过去事实虚拟，用would have done。 11．【新情境·太极拳海外推广】（2026·陕西西安·三模）The coach insisted that every student ________ (master) the basic Tai Chi movements before the competition. 【答案】(should) master 【解析】句意：教练坚持要求每位学员赛前掌握太极拳基础招式。insist表“坚决要求”，从句使用(should) do虚拟结构。 12．【新情境·海洋资源保护】（2026·山东青岛·二模）If the fishing ban ________ (put) into effect earlier, many marine species would still exist today. 【答案】had been put 【解析】句意：如果禁渔令更早落地，许多海洋物种如今就不会消亡。错综虚拟，禁令是被推行，过去被动虚拟had been put。 13．【新情境·红色文旅研学】（2026·江西南昌·一模）We wish we ________ (visit) the revolutionary base together with our classmates last holiday. 【答案】had visited 【解析】句意：真希望上次假期我们能和同学一起参观革命老区。wish后从句对过去遗憾虚拟，采用had done。 14．【新情境·VR数字博物馆】（2026·湖北武汉·二模）Suppose you ________ (be) a museum guide, how would you introduce cultural relics to foreign visitors? 【答案】were 【解析】句意：假如你是博物馆讲解员，你会如何向外国游客介绍文物？suppose引导虚拟条件，对现在虚拟，be动词统一用were。 15．【新情境·沙漠光伏治沙】（2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·一模）Without joint efforts of scientists, the desert ________ (turn) into green land at the moment. 【答案】couldn’t have turned 【解析】句意：没有科学家们的共同努力，这片沙漠如今不可能变成绿洲。含蓄错综虚拟，强调过去行动带来现在结果，用couldn’t have done。 16．【新情境·英歌舞非遗展演】（2026·广东汕头·三模）It was ordered that all performers ________ (arrive) at the square two hours ahead of the show. 【答案】(should) arrive 【解析】句意：上级下达命令，所有表演者需提前两小时抵达广场。order后主语从句，表命令，谓语用(should) do。 17．【新情境·深空天文观测】（2026·云南昆明·二模）If humans ________ (not build) advanced telescopes, we would know little about distant galaxies now. 【答案】had not built 【解析】句意：如果人类没有建造先进望远镜，我们现在对遥远星系会一无所知。从句对过去虚拟，填had not built。 18．【新情境·书香乡村建设】（2026·山西太原·一模）I’d rather the village library ________ (open) to villagers every day, not only on weekends. 【答案】opened 【解析】句意：我希望乡村图书馆每天对村民开放，而不只是周末。would rather谈论当下/未来愿望，从句动词用一般过去式表虚拟。 19．【新情境·国货跨境电商】（2026·浙江宁波·一模）The manager suggested that more Chinese handmade goods ________ (display) on overseas online platforms. 【答案】(should) be displayed 【解析】句意：经理建议在海外线上平台展出更多中国手工艺品。suggest表建议，从句虚拟；商品被展出，被动(should) be displayed。 20．【新情境·智慧校园心理系统】（2026·北京海淀·一模）If the mental health warning system ________ (install) last term, more students’ anxiety would have been relieved. 【答案】had been installed 【解析】句意：倘若上学期就安装心理预警系统，更多学生的焦虑情绪本可以得到缓解。主句would have done，对过去虚拟；系统与安装为被动，填had been installed。 二、语法填空 Passage 1 【新情境·乡村文旅】（2026·四川成都·二模） Rural cultural tourism has become a new engine driving China’s rural revitalization in recent years. Many villages ________ 1 ________ (transform) ordinary farmland into scenic spots featuring local customs and traditional culture. Unlike crowded urban scenic areas, rural tourism destinations offer tourists peaceful scenery and authentic rural life experiences, ________ 2 ________ (make) them popular among city dwellers. Local villagers, most of ________ 3 ________ used to work in cities, now run homestays and specialty shops at home. To improve tourism quality, local governments invest heavily ________ 4 ________ road construction and public service facilities. Professional training courses are provided regularly for villagers, ________ 5 ________ (teach) them standardized service skills and cultural publicity knowledge. Tourists can taste farmhouse meals, experience traditional handcrafts and watch folk performances, ________ 6 ________ (deep) their understanding of local culture. What’s more, local specialties ________ 7 ________ (sell) online alongside tourism development, greatly increasing farmers’ income. Experts point out that rural tourism is not simply about scenery viewing, ________ 8 ________ a perfect combination of culture and economy. Proper protection of rural cultural resources is the key ________ 9 ________ sustainable development of rural tourism. With continuous innovation, rural cultural tourism will maintain ________ 10 ________ (it) unique charm in the future. 【答案与详细解析】 1. have transformed 考查现在完成时。in recent years为现在完成时标志，主语复数。 2. making 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，乡村体验独特因此广受喜爱。 3. whom 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词villagers指人，介词of后用宾格whom。 4. in 考查介词。固定搭配invest in，意为“投资于……”。 5. teaching 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，培训课程同步传授服务技能。 6. deepening 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作结果状语，沉浸式体验加深文化认知。 7. are sold 考查一般现在时被动语态。土特产被线上售卖，主语复数。 8. but 考查连词。固定搭配not simply…but…，意为“不仅……而且……”。 9. to 考查介词。固定搭配the key to sth.，意为“……的关键”。 10. its 考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词charm，指代乡村文旅的独特魅力。 Passage 2 【新情境·全民阅读】（2026·安徽合肥·一模） National Reading Day falls on April 23 every year, ________ 1 ________ aims to encourage people of all ages to form good reading habits. In recent years, China ________ 2 ________ (promote) nationwide reading activities vigorously. Libraries and bookstores across the country launch various reading events regularly, ________ 3 ________ (include) book sharing meetings, expert lectures and parent-child reading activities. Unlike passive entertainment such as short-video browsing, reading enables people ________ 4 ________ (gain) knowledge, broaden horizons and enrich spiritual world. Many cities have built community reading rooms, ________ 5 ________ residents can borrow books and read for free. For students, reading classic works is an effective way ________ 6 ________ (improve) literary literacy and thinking ability. For working people, reading helps relieve pressure and accumulate experience in spare time. Nowadays, digital reading platforms make reading more convenient and ________ 7 ________ (access) for busy people. Though e-books are popular, paper books still hold unique value, ________ 8 ________ provide readers with a more immersive reading experience. Researchers say consistent reading is beneficial to personal growth and social progress. It is hoped ________ 9 ________ more people will stick to daily reading and let reading become a lifelong ________ 10 ________ (pursue). 【答案与详细解析】 1. which 考查非限制性定语从句，指代世界读书日这件事。 2. has promoted 考查现在完成时。in recent years为完成时标志，主语单数。 3. including 考查介词。用于列举活动类型，意为“包括”。 4. to gain 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”。 5. where 考查限制性定语从句。先行词reading rooms表地点，从句完整。 6. to improve 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配a way to do sth.，意为“做某事的方法”。 7. accessible 考查形容词。与convenient并列作宾语补足语。 8. which 考查非限制性定语从句，指代纸质书籍。 9. that 考查主语从句。固定句型It is hoped that…，意为“希望……”。 10. pursuit 考查名词。形容词lifelong后接名词，意为“终身追求”。 题型三 完形填空【新角度·成长感悟·挫折教育】（2026·安徽·三模） Failure is an unavoidable part of growth. Many teenagers fear failure and try every means to 36 risks and challenges. They regard failure as a sign of 37 and feel frustrated and discouraged after failing. However, failure is actually the best 38 for teenagers. Success always hides behind repeated failures. Every failure provides us with valuable 39 , helping us find out our shortcomings and 40 our methods. Those who dare to fail are more 41 to embrace success. If we always 42 difficulties, we will never make progress or gain real growth. Facing failure 43 is an essential ability for modern students. Instead of feeling upset, we should 44 failure calmly, analyze reasons and draw lessons. We should not let failure 45 us, but use it to 46 ourselves and become stronger. Growth is not a process of never 47 , but a process of constantly correcting mistakes and 48 ourselves. Failure does not mean you are incompetent; it only means you need more 49 and patience. Embrace failure bravely, and you will finally 50 brilliant success. 36. A. avoid B. take C. face D. create 37. A. strength B. weakness C. luck D. honor 38. A. burden B. reward C. teacher D. barrier 39. A. experience B. pressure C. praise D. trouble 40. A. repeat B. adjust C. abandon D. remember 41. A. likely B. unwilling C. unable D. uncertain 42. A. insist on B. stick to C. shrink from D. turn to 43. A. casually B. negatively C. bravely D. secretly 44. A. refuse B. accept C. ignore D. fear 45. A. defeat B. inspire C. encourage D. motivate 46. A. relax B. improve C. treat D. forgive 47. A. studying B. progressing C. failing D. trying 48. A. transforming B. doubting C. hiding D. forgiving 49. A. money B. time C. freedom D. award 50. A. achieve B. abandon C. witness D. witness 【答案】36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.A 42.C 43.C 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.A 49.B 50.A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇励志哲理记叙文。文章围绕挫折与成长展开，打破学生惧怕失败的心态，阐述失败的教育意义与成长价值，传递积极的成长观。 36题详解】动词辨析。很多青少年惧怕失败，想方设法规避风险与挑战。avoid规避；take承担；face面对；create创造。故选A。 37题详解】名词辨析。人们将失败视为软弱、无能的象征。weakness弱点；strength优势；luck运气；honor荣誉。故选B。 38题详解】名词辨析。失败是青少年最好的老师，让人成长。teacher老师；burden负担；reward奖励；barrier障碍。故选C。 39题详解】名词辨析。每一次失败都能带来宝贵的经验。experience经验；pressure压力；praise赞扬；trouble麻烦。故选A。 40题详解】动词辨析。复盘不足、调整方法。adjust调整；repeat重复；abandon抛弃；remember记住。故选B。 41题详解】形容词辨析。敢于直面失败的人更有可能收获成功。likely可能的；unwilling不情愿的；unable不能的；uncertain不确定的。故选A。 42题详解】短语辨析。畏惧退缩、逃避困难就无法成长进步。shrink from退缩；insist on坚持；stick to坚守；turn to求助。故选C。 43题详解】副词辨析。勇敢面对挫折是学生必备能力。bravely勇敢地；casually随意地；negatively消极地；secretly秘密地。故选C。 44题详解】动词辨析。冷静接纳失败、分析原因、吸取教训。accept接纳；refuse拒绝；ignore忽视；fear畏惧。故选B。 45题详解】动词辨析。不要让失败击垮自己。defeat击败；inspire激励；encourage鼓励；motivate驱动。故选A。 46题详解】动词辨析。借由失败完善自我、变得更强。improve提升；relax放松；treat对待；forgive原谅。故选B。 47题详解动词辨析。成长从不意味着永不失败。fail失败；study学习；progress进步；try尝试。故选C。 48题详解动词辨析。成长是不断纠错、自我蜕变的过程。transform蜕变；doubt怀疑；hide隐藏；forgive原谅。故选A。 49题详解名词辨析。失败意味着需要更多时间与耐心打磨自己。time时间；money金钱；freedom自由；award奖项。故选B。 50题详解动词辨析。勇敢拥抱失败，终会收获成功。achieve获得；abandon放弃；witness见证。故选A。 题型四 阅读理解 passage 1 【新情境·航天科普·深空探索】（2026·天津·三模） With the rapid development of aerospace technology, human deep space exploration has entered a new stage. In recent years, China's lunar exploration and Mars exploration projects have achieved fruitful results, making important contributions to human's understanding of the solar system. Among many exploration plans, asteroid exploration has become a new research hotspot. Asteroids are small celestial bodies in the solar system, which retain the primitive material composition of the formation of the solar system billions of years ago. Unlike planets that have undergone long-term geological evolution, asteroids have simple structures and stable material components. Studying asteroids can help scientists trace the origin and evolution of the solar system, and explore the mystery of the formation of celestial bodies. In addition to scientific research value, asteroid exploration also has practical strategic significance. Some asteroids are rich in rare metal resources that are scarce on Earth. In the future, asteroid resource mining is expected to solve the problem of earth resource depletion. Moreover, monitoring and exploring asteroids can effectively prevent the risk of asteroid impact on the earth, protecting the safety of human living environment. China's asteroid exploration project is progressing steadily. The first asteroid exploration mission is scheduled to be completed in the next two years. The probe will conduct close observation and sample collection of near-Earth asteroids, and return samples to the earth for laboratory analysis. This mission will fill the gap in China's asteroid sampling technology and lay a foundation for future deep space resource development. 32. Why are asteroids valuable for scientific research? A. They have complex geological structures. B. They keep the original solar system materials. C. They have the same composition as planets. D. They evolve rapidly with the solar system. 33. What practical benefit can asteroid exploration bring? A. It solves environmental pollution problems. B. It provides new space living space. C. It helps exploit rare space resources. D. It accelerates the evolution of celestial bodies. 34. What is the goal of China's first asteroid exploration mission? A. To build a space base on asteroids. B. To collect asteroid samples for research. C. To prevent all asteroid impacts. D. To develop asteroid resources commercially. 35. What is the text mainly about? A. The value and progress of asteroid exploration. B. The history of human deep space exploration. C. The composition characteristics of asteroids. D. The future of space resource mining. 【答案】32.B 33.C 34.B 35.A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇航天科普说明文。文章介绍了小行星探测的科研价值、现实战略意义，以及中国小行星探测工程的发展现状与未来目标。 32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“retain the primitive material composition of the formation of the solar system”可知，小行星保留了太阳系形成初期的原始物质，具备极高科研价值。故选B。 33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Some asteroids are rich in rare metal resources... asteroid resource mining is expected to solve the problem of earth resource depletion”可知，小行星探测有助于开发太空稀有资源。故选C。 34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“The probe will conduct close observation and sample collection... return samples to the earth for laboratory analysis”可知，中国首次小行星探测任务核心是采集样本用于科研。故选B。 35题详解】主旨大意题。文章先阐述小行星探测的科研与实用价值，再介绍中国的项目进展，A选项全面概括全文内容。故选A。 Passage 2 七选五【新情境・古籍数字化阅读】（2026・湖南长沙二模） Digital ancient book platforms make rare old works open to ordinary readers. They solve many problems of traditional library book storage. 1 To begin with, digital scans protect fragile paper ancient books. Original ancient books are too thin and easy to break after hundreds of years. 2 Readers enjoy the content online without touching the real books, greatly reducing wear and tear. Besides, online reading breaks space limits. In the past, only people living near big libraries could view rare ancient works. 3 Students in small towns can study ancient classics at home with a mobile phone. 4 Professional researchers upload short videos and live streams to explain difficult classical Chinese words and historical stories. Teenagers find it much easier to understand ancient culture now. All in all, digital platforms do not take the place of real ancient books. 5 Together they form a complete way to inherit our precious literary heritage. A. Third, digital resources make ancient texts easier for teens to understand. B. Digital copies bring three obvious advantages for readers and libraries. C. Digital machines can completely repair broken pages of old books. D. Now anyone with the Internet can visit the digital library anytime. E. Instead, they act as a popularization tool for public cultural learning. F. Most teenagers show no interest in hard-to-read ancient books. G. Libraries stop showing original ancient books after digitalization. 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.E 【详细解析】 1. B 总起句。前文介绍数字古籍平台优势，B 引出下文三点好处，总领全文分层结构。 2. C 细节衔接句。原版古籍纸张脆弱易破损，C 说明数字化扫描可修复破损书页，保护原本。 3. D 对比转折句。过去只有大城市居民能阅览珍本，D 讲如今有网络就能随时访问数字馆藏，打破地域限制。 4. A 分层标志句。前两点分别讲保护古籍、打破地域限制，本段讲短视频讲解降低阅读难度，Third 开启第三点优势。 5. E 辩证收尾句。数字平台不能替代实体古籍，E 转折说明数字版承担大众文化普及功能，二者相辅相成。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：对现在 / 过去 / 将来虚拟的主从句谓语动词结构； if 虚拟条件句省略 if 的倒装结构；含蓄虚拟语气（without/but for/or/otherwise 引导）；名词性从句虚拟：suggest/advise/insist 等动词后 (should) do；特殊句式虚拟：wish/as if/It’s high time that… 1.（2026・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）Had you followed the teacher’s writing guidance, you ______ (avoid) careless mistakes in last week’s composition. 【答案】would have avoided 【解析】考查省略 if 倒装虚拟条件句。还原为 If you had followed…，last week 表明与过去事实相反，主句用 would have done。句意：如果你听从了老师的写作指导，上周作文就能避免粗心错误。 2.（2026・北京卷・语法填空）If I ______ (prepare) fully for the speech contest last month, I wouldn’t feel so nervous now. 【答案】had prepared 【解析】错综时间虚拟语气。从句 last month 为过去，用 had done；主句 now 针对当下，搭配 would do。句意：如果上个月我充分准备演讲比赛，现在就不会这么紧张。 3.（2025・全国乙卷・语法填空）The professor suggested that all participants ______ (submit) their research papers before the deadline. 【答案】(should) submit 【解析】suggest 表 “建议”，后接宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语为 (should)+ 动词原形，should 可省略。句意：教授建议所有参与者在截止日期前提交研究论文。 4.（2025・新课标 Ⅱ 卷・语法填空）I wish I ______ (join) the field trip last Saturday, but I had to look after my younger sister. 【答案】had joined 【解析】wish 后对过去遗憾虚拟，动作发生在上周六，从句谓语用 had done。句意：我真希望上周六参加了实地研学，可我当时得照看妹妹。 5.（2025・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）But for the volunteers’ help, we ______ (fail) to organize the cultural show last spring. 【答案】would have failed 【解析】but for 引导含蓄虚拟，相当于 if we hadn’t received volunteers’ help；last spring 为过去时间，主句用 would have done。句意：要不是志愿者帮忙，我们去年春天没法办好这场文化展演。 6.（2024・全国甲卷・语法填空）I was caught in heavy rain yesterday; otherwise I ______ (arrive) at the meeting hall on time. 【答案】would have arrived 【解析】otherwise 含蓄虚拟，前半句 was 是过去真实情况，后半句对过去进行反向假设，主句用 would have done。句意：我昨天遇上大雨，不然我就能准时抵达会议厅。 7.（2024・新课标 Ⅰ 卷・语法填空）If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, the outdoor sports meeting would be put off to next Monday. 【答案】should rain /were to rain /rained 【解析】对将来虚拟的 if 条件从句三种标准结构：should do、were to do、动词过去式。句意：万一明天下雨，室外运动会将推迟至下周一。 8.（2024・北京卷・语法填空）It is high time that local authorities ______ (build) more public libraries for teenagers. 【答案】took /should build 【解析】固定虚拟句型 It’s high time that…，从句谓语可用一般过去式，或 should + 动词原形（should 不可省略）。句意：当地政府早该为青少年修建更多公共图书馆。 9.（2024・全国乙卷・语法填空）He talks about space exploration as if he ______ (travel) to space himself. 【答案】had travelled 【解析】as if 引导虚拟语气，“太空旅行” 发生在主句动作 talks 之前，属于对过去虚拟，谓语使用 had done。句意：他聊太空探索，说得好像自己去过太空一样。 10.（2024・浙江 1 月首考・语法填空）It’s strange that she ______ (turn) down the chance to study abroad. 【答案】(should) turn 【解析】It’s strange that… 主语从句虚拟，表出乎意料 “竟然”，从句谓语用 (should)+ 动词原形。句意：很奇怪，她竟然拒绝了出国留学的机会。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $