选择性必修第1册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS 作业23（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

作业(二十三)

(限时：40分钟)

说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2026·山东日照模拟)My friend had built a multimillion­dollar business from nothing, rising out of poverty.He cared for his aging parents, sent two siblings to college, and even helped them get married.Yet, despite these incredible achievements, his response was always the same whenever I praised him: “Not good enough.Not yet”．

I know this mindset well, having grown up in an entrepreneurial family where my performance was constantly measured through comparisons.“Look at so­and­so's son and how well he's doing.” my father would say.The thought of meeting these standards blinded me to the 90% of things I was doing right.Instead, I became focused on the never­ending 10% I hadn't achieved to prove myself, and if not, I would become bitter toward myself and those I was trying to match in performance.I would develop an inflated self­confidence that I would dominate all aspects of business or have no confidence in certain business activities.

When I didn't feel competitive enough，I lost opportunities and friendships when there was a better approach for collaboration and a win­win.I often didn't know why I was competing: I just wanted to prove to my father that I was better than the other guy, and he was wrong.Later in my life, I came to realize that life can be competitive, but comparison is not the right approach to growth.It's the enemy of self­acceptance, breeding feelings of inadequacy.When we compare ourselves, we might create slightly better versions than others, but it comes at the expense of our authenticity.

When you accept yourself, you'll realize that you only need to meet your natural and basic expectations, not anyone else's.That's when you begin to live authentically and give others the space to grow into their best selves within their abilities and circumstances.An oak tree doesn't strive to become a smaller banana tree or a much larger mountain.It grows into its most natural and beautiful form, providing shade and strength for those who need it.

[语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过朋友及自身经历，指出比较不利于成长，强调自我接纳才能实现真实成长 。

1．What does the author want to show by telling his friend's story?

A．Family support is the key to success.

B．Poverty motivates greater achievements.

C．Financial success doesn't mean a happy life.

D．Achievement doesn't guarantee self­acceptance.

解析　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者朋友取得了巨大成就，但依然不认可自己。所以作者通过讲述朋友的故事想表明成就并不能保证自我接纳。故选D。

答案　D

2．What does the underlined word “inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Overstated.　　　　　　 B．Humble.

C．Stable.    D．Unsurprising.

解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线句以及上下文语境可知，作者因为不断和他人比较，会产生一种过度的自信，认为自己能主导商业的各个方面。所以inflated意思是“夸大的，过度的”，故选A。

答案　A

3．What is a consequence of comparison according to the author?

A．Motivation decline.

B．Self­worth decrease.

C．Personality disorder.

D．Superiority complex.

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Later in my life, I came to realize that life can be competitive... but it comes at the expense of our authenticity.”可知，作者认为比较的一个后果是自我价值感降低。故选B。

答案　B

4．What does the last paragraph imply?

A．Constant comparison fuels one's ambition.

B．Competition contributes to success.

C．Self­acceptance enables authentic growth.

D．Social acceptance determines one's value.

解析　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段暗示自我接纳能让我们真实地成长。故选C。

答案　C

B

(2026·黑龙江哈尔滨模拟)If you ever feel that the world is against you, you are not alone.We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong, the fault lies within some great intrigue (诡计) against us.If a co­worker fails the deadline, they must be trying to ruin

career.When Wi­Fi in a coffee shop is not working, the staff must be lying about having it to attract you in.

But the simple fact is that these explanations, which we tend to jump to, are barely true.Maybe your co­worker thought today was Tuesday, not Wednesday.Maybe the Wi­Fi router was just broken.This is where Hanlon's razor comes in—a useful mental model that never credits to intentional harm that can be fully explained by ignorance.

Applying Hanlon's razor, a useful tool for rapid decision­making and intelligent comprehension, in our day­to­day lives allows us to become less judgmental, and improve reasoning skills.Meanwhile, Hanlon's razor allows us to give people the benefit of the doubt, have more empathy (同理心) and teaches us not to assume the worst intention in the actions of others, the value of which is most pronounced in relationships, business matters, and personal happiness.

We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong.When this occurs, a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.However, when someone messes up around us, we forget how many times we, too, have done the same.Instead, the perpetrator becomes a source of intense annoyance.

To assume intention in such a situation is likely to worsen the problem.None of us can ever know what someone else wants to happen.Inability or ignorance is far more likely to be the cause than the desire to hurt.When a situation causes us to become angry or upset, it can be valuable to consider if those emotions are justified.Often, the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to educate them, not to dismiss them.In this way, we can avoid repeats of the same situation.

[语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章围绕人们面对失败时的常见反应展开，介绍了“Hanlon's razor”这一思维模型，阐述了该模型在日常生活决策、提升推理能力、改善人际关系等方面的作用，并指出在面对他人导致的问题时，应避免恶意揣测，尝试教育他人而非一味指责，以避免同样情况再次发生。

5．How do people typically react to failures according to the text?

A．Face true ill intention.

B．Shift current situations.

C．Misplace blame on others.

D．Seek trustworthy persons.

解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“If you ever feel that the world is against you, you are not alone.We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong, the fault lies within some great intrigue (诡计) against us.”可知，人们通常对失败的反应是错误地指责别人。故选C。