必修第3册 UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING 作业17（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，通过不同体裁语篇系统整合细节理解、推理判断等解题方法，强化语言能力与思维品质的协同培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇（含细节、推理、词义、主旨题型）|细节题定位原文信息，推理题结合上下文逻辑，词义题联系语境，主旨题归纳语篇大意|不同题型对应特定解题策略，话题涵盖环保、自然科学等，体现语言能力与思维品质的结合| |七选五|1篇（段落逻辑衔接）|关注段间逻辑与衔接词，通过上下文语境推断最佳选项|段落衔接与语义连贯，培养逻辑思维与语篇理解能力|

作业(十七) (限时：30分钟) 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·山东潍坊检测)For twenty years, the internet has been my second home while communicating science.Recently, I came across an image：a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees, declaring, “No intelligent species would destroy their own home.” This image troubled me deeply.I refuse to let my eight­year­old son believe humans are stupid or evil—because it's obviously untrue.But I often find myself quite lonely.I'm wondering if, perhaps, there are other folks out there who feel the same as I do. We didn't cause climate change through being stupid, but through being extremely smart.Our ancestors burned coal to solve urgent problems：growing more food, heating and lighting homes.We want to provide a good life for ourselves and our children.The results have been astonishing.In the U．S.in 1895 one quarter of people died before age five.Today it's under 1 percent, and we will keep pushing until it hits zero.Imagine the essays Ben Franklin or Mark Twain would write about this level of advancement.How would they keep tears from their eyes if they saw what we've achieved? So much of that achievement has been based on the fossil fuels we've burned to generate it, whether coal, natural gas or oil.We've learned that this harms both the environment and people, and to our credit we aren't always bad at addressing this.It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke­blackened air.When rain becomes acidic, the world changes its policies.When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning things up.Here's where I feel hope：we have already done this, and we know it is possible. I don't want my son growing up thinking that his species is in some way evil.I want him thinking humans are problem solvers, and whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too.This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身在网络传播科学的经历，通过一张“哭泣的地球”图片引发了对气候变化的原因的思考，驳斥了“人类愚蠢或邪恶”的观点，指出人类在解决问题方面有着强大的能力，并希望儿子认识到人类是问题解决者，而非邪恶物种。 1．How did the author feel seeing the picture online? A．Disturbed. B．Ashamed. C．Frightened. D．Confused. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, I came across an image：a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees, declaring，‘No intelligent species would destroy their own home.’This image troubled me deeply.”可知，作者看到网上的图片后感到不安，“disturbed”与原文“troubled”意思相符。故选A。 答案　A 2．What is implied by mentioning Ben Franklin and Mark Twain? A．The warning of the warming Earth. B．The progress in social development. C．The praise for human modesty. D．The demand for greener energy. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the U．S.in 1895 one quarter of people died before age five...How would they keep tears from their eyes if they saw what we've achieved？”可知，作者提到本·富兰克林和马克·吐温是为了说明人类在社会发展方面取得的巨大进步。故选B。 答案　B 3．Why does the author feel hopeful about humans? A．We will make more policies. B．We have discovered more fossil fuels. C．We highly value the role of the earth. D．We can restore damage to the environment. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke­blackened air...Here's where I feel hope：we have already done this, and we know it is possible.”可知，作者感到有希望的原因是人类已有修复环境破坏的先例，即“我们能修复对环境的破坏”。故选D。 答案　D 4．What does the underlined word “story” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The cycle of causing and tackling problems. B．The ability to create a bright future. C．The evil nature of human beings. D．The positive attitude to life. 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“I want him thinking humans are problem solvers, and whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too.This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species.”可知，作者认为人类是问题解决者，在解决问题的过程中会不断产生新问题，然后又去解决新问题，这是一个不断循环的过程，所以“story”指的是“引发问题并解决问题的循环”。故选A。 答案　A B (2026·山东济南模拟)For Mu, the initial aim was just to enjoy nature.“I am a quiet person.It's nice to be in nature, seeing the light passing through the forest and falling on the moss under the trees.It makes me feel good，” he said.“First we know what the plant and its name is, then we get to know the genetic relations between different species, the kin recognition and where they originated, how they spread, and how they have evolved，” said Mu.His field of study has helped him to cultivate a sharp eye for plants he sees in daily life.When climbing in the mountains, he photographs plants that look unique. “If some plants look different to me, I take extra photos.I'd take casual pictures of plants that seemed to be variations within a species, maybe a bit large or small, and I would take it home for further research，” he said.“It is often upon careful examination that I discover I have captured a completely different species.” Many plant hobbyists have adopted Mu's approach of seeking out various unique flowers while hiking in the mountains.Xue Kai, 48, is one such hobbyist who has devoted much of his spare time to taking photos of flowers and wild grasses in the mountains for more than two decades. With the aim of searching for tiny wild orchids in the capital city, in July 2019, he spent three days looking for traces of the flowers in the Yudu Mountains in Beijing's Yanqing district.He stumbled upon Monotropa hypopitys, translated as pine­shadow orchid in English, which despite its name, is not a true orchid but a member of the rhododendron family. “It made a deep impression on me because I had never seen anything like it before，” said Xue.“I discovered it completely by accident while searching for orchids in Yudu Mountains, crawling on the ground and examining every inch.” The pine­shadow orchid is a saprophytic plant, meaning it lives in symbiosis with fungi.After germinating underground, the plant relies on underground fungi to provide nutrients, and then it grows and flowers.“Pine­shadow orchids typically grow under pine trees in damp soil, especially during the summer months.But not every suitable environment has these orchids，” said Xue. After discovering a new species, Xue said he checks on them often, observing the entire process of flowering, fruit bearing and germination.“It's great to see it from blooming to fruiting and sprouting，” he said.“It goes through these stages, and each visit reveals a new phase.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了穆在享受自然的时候还会发现物种，并拍照，这一方法得到了许多植物爱好者的喜爱。 5．What is “Mu's approach” refer to according to the passage? A．Taking film of distinct plants when hiking. B．Spotting small features in photos for plant research. C．Combine enjoying nature with discovering species. D．Keeping a sharp sight for plants he sees in daily life. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“When climbing in the mountains, he photographs plants that look unique.”以及第三段“Many plant hobbyists have adopted Mu's approach of seeking out various unique flowers while hiking in the mountains.”可知，“穆的方法”指的是把享受自然和发现物种结合起来。故选C。 答案　C 6．Which of the statements about Mu and Xue is correct? A．Mu's method exerts a beneficial impact on other plant enthusiasts. B．After germination, pine­shadow orchid feeds on soil nutrients. C．Photographing plants sharpens his study eye in research. D．Xue discovered a trace of orchid in the Yudu Mountains. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Many plant hobbyists have adopted Mu's approach of seeking out various unique flowers while hiking in the mountains.”可知，穆的方法对其他植物爱好者有积极影响，故A选项“穆的方法对其他植物爱好者产生了有益的影响”正确。故选A。 答案　A 7．What does the story of Xue's discovery of the new plant species tell us? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Plant flowers in vain, yet willows thrive by chance. C．The unlikeliest places often yield the greatest discoveries. D．Chance favors the most prepared mind. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，薛本来是去寻找野生兰花，结果偶然发现了松下兰，故其发现新植物的故事告诉我们“有意栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫”的道理。故选B。 答案　B 8．What qualities does Mu display through the passage? A．Curious and dedicated. B．Tranquil and sharing. C．Observant and careful. D．Resourceful and bold. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“His field of study has helped him to cultivate a sharp eye for plants he sees in daily life.”及第二段“If some plants look different to me, I take extra photos.I'd take casual pictures of plants that seemed to be variations within a species, maybe a bit large or small, and I would take it home for further research”表明他对看似有差异的植物会额外拍照并带回家深入研究，体现了他的“careful(细致的)”，故选C。 答案　C C (2026·贵州贵阳模拟)Directly measuring soil carbon rather than relying on predictive models can provide hard evidence of how much carbon is being stored, allowing for better assessments of confidence in carbon markets for croplands, according to a study co­authored by Yale School of the Environment scientists. The research team found that sampling 10% of fields over large areas and longer periods provides reliable data.By directly measuring soil carbon, the credits sold accurately reflect carbon storage.This ensures buyers' confidence in real climate benefits and reduces costs as projects increase. “The study suggests that we can do direct measurement at scale (规模), taking its application beyond carbon markets to other greenhouse gas accounting efforts like those conducted by countries to report their national emissions，” said co­author Mark Bradford, the E．H.Harriman Professor of Soils and Ecosystem Ecology. To help farmers calculate the cost­benefit of soil management projects, Eric Potash, a research scientist from the Agroecosystem Sustainability Center (ASC) at the University of Illinois, developed an open­source web app that allows users to explore the costs and profitability of soil carbon projects based on specific parameters：project size, duration, analysis costs, and sampling strategy. “This study suggests that people may be able to reliably quantify how much soil carbon is changing due to adoption of climate­smart agricultural and regenerative practices，” said Bradford.“If you can address the measurement and verification concerns around how soil carbon stocks are actually responding, it will help prioritize policies and investments that achieve soil restoration and protection, leading to improved water and nutrient retention in soils, aeration, and soil biodiversity.Such healthy soils will be more resilient to extreme weather and build food security.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了直接测量土壤碳的优势、应用，还提到开发的开源网络应用程序及直接测量对土壤恢复和保护的意义。 9．Compared to predictive models, what's the advantage of directly measuring soil carbon? A．It offers more accurate carbon data. B．It is more cost­effective for small farms. C．It needs less time to produce the outcome. D．It focuses only on greenhouse gas emissions. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，与预测模型相比，直接测量土壤碳能提供更准确地碳数据。故选A。 答案　A 10．What does Mark Bradford think of direct soil carbon measurement? A．It has a broad application. B．It is only for research purposes. C．It has a limitation on carbon markets. D．It is too costly for widespread adoption. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study suggests that we can do direct measurement at scale (规模), taking its application beyond carbon markets to other greenhouse gas accounting efforts like those conducted by countries to report their national emissions...”可知，Mark Bradford认为直接测量土壤碳有广泛的应用。故选A。 答案　A 11．Why was an open­source web app developed? A．To monitor global carbon emissions. B．To provide farmers with soil health data. C．To facilitate the trading of carbon credits. D．To help assess the economics of the soil carbon project. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，开发开源网络应用程序是为了帮助评估土壤碳项目的经济效益。故选D。 答案　D 12．What can be the best title for the text? A．Insights into Carbon Market Regulations B．The Role of Predictive Models in Agriculture C．Exploring Soil Carbon in Modern Agriculture D．Direct Soil Carbon Measurement：a New Frontier 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段以及后文对直接测量土壤碳的优势、应用等方面的阐述可知，文章主要围绕直接测量土壤碳展开。故选D。 答案　D Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·江西南昌联考)Sustainable packaging has become a buzzword (时髦术语) in recent years, advocated by brands and consumers alike as a way to reduce environmental harm.From paper­based materials to biodegradable (可生物降解的) alternatives, the shift away from traditional plastics appears to be a step in the right direction. 13 One of the most popular alternatives to plastics is paper­based packaging.The logic appears sound. 14 However, the environmental cost of paper production is often overlooked.Compared to plastic, producing paper packaging requires significantly more energy and water.A study highlighted that paper bags require at least four times more energy to manufacture than plastic bags. 15 While many brands claim to use responsibly sourced or recycled paper, the global demand for paper packaging still places immense pressure on forests.This pressure will cause too much tree cutting and habitat loss, harming wildlife.In addition, the loss of trees will reduce the planet's ability to absorb carbon dioxide. Moreover, paper­based packaging is usually heavier than plastic ones. 16 For instance, trucks carrying paper packages use more fuel, increasing emissions.This extra weight also makes logistics (物流) more challenging. Therefore, the full lifecycle of paper packaging shows its eco­benefits aren't as clear as they seem. 17 This means focusing on reducing waste first, making better waste management systems, and using sustainable materials in the best way.Only by doing all these things together can we cut down on environmental harm. A．This can make transportation less efficient. B．Therefore, many brands now use paper­based packaging. C．However, beneath the surface lies a more complex reality. D．Its production requires four times the energy of plastic bags. E．To achieve real sustainable packaging, we need a complete approach. F．The destruction of forests linked to the paper industry is another concern. G．Paper is biodegradable, recyclable, and obtained from renewable resources. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了可持续包装的话题，特别是纸基包装作为塑料替代品所面临的复杂现实，包括其生产过程中的环境成本、对森林的压力以及物流挑战等，最后提出了实现真正可持续包装需要采取的综合措施。 13．解析　上文“近年来，可持续包装已成为一个流行词，品牌和消费者都倡导将其作为减少环境危害的一种方式。从纸质材料到可生物降解的替代品，从传统塑料的转变似乎是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。”说明可持续包装已成为流行词，且从传统塑料的转变似乎是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，空处承接上文，选项C说明可持续包装背后有更复杂的现实，引出下文。故选C。 答案　C 14．解析　上文“One of the most popular alternatives to plastics is paper­based packaging.The logic appears sound.(塑料最常见的替代品之一是纸基包装。这个逻辑看起来很合理)”说明纸基包装的逻辑合理，空处承接上文，选项G “纸是可生物降解的、可回收的，并且可以从可再生资源中获得”符合语境，进一步说明纸基包装的优势。 答案　G 15．解析　空处下文“虽然许多品牌声称使用负责任采购或回收的纸张，但全球对纸包装的需求仍然给森林带来了巨大压力。这种压力将导致过多的树木砍伐和栖息地丧失，危害野生动物。此外，树木的减少将降低地球吸收二氧化碳的能力。”说明纸包装的需求给森林带来了巨大压力，空处位于段首，应是对下文的总结。故选F。 答案　F 16．解析　上文“Moreover, paper­based packaging is usually heavier than plastic ones.(此外，纸基包装通常比塑料包装更重)”说明纸基包装比塑料包装重，空处承接上文，选项A“这会使运输效率降低”符合语境，说明纸基包装比塑料包装重带来的后果。故选A。 答案　A 17．解析　空处上文“ 因此，纸基包装的整个生命周期表明，它的生态效益并不像看上去那么明显。”说明纸包装的生态效益并不像看上去那么明显，下文“这意味着首先要关注减少浪费，建立更好的废物管理系统，并以最好的方式使用可持续材料。”说明实现真正可持续包装需要采取的措施，空处承上启下，选项E“要实现真正的可持续包装，我们需要一个全面的方法”符合语境，说明实现真正可持续包装需要采取综合措施。故选E。 答案　E 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $