必修第1册 UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS 作业3（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 以不同主题语篇为载体，系统整合阅读理解与七选五题型，通过题型分类解析构建“定位-推理-归纳”解题逻辑，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇（12题）|推理判断题“原文定位+逻辑推导”、细节题“精准找句”、词义题“上下文语境分析”、标题题“主旨提炼”|按题型构建解题路径，文本涵盖人物、科学研究、健康主题，实现语言理解与跨学科思维融合| |七选五|1篇（5题）|“上下文衔接”“代词指代”“逻辑关系词”策略|依托说明文结构，通过句间逻辑考查信息补全能力，强化语篇连贯意识|

作业(三) (限时：30分钟) 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·河北秦皇岛高三调研)Babe Ruth, known by nicknames like the “Sultan of Swat” and the “Colossus of Clout”， was famous for his amazing skills on the baseball field.But not many people know that he was also a pioneer in cancer treatment.Born in February 1895, Babe Ruth was already the undoubted king of baseball by the time he turned 30.His career was filled with record­breaking achievements, including setting new single­season home run records three years in a row.Despite his success on the field, his lifestyle off the field was not very healthy, which eventually led to health problems. In 1925, Ruth collapsed due to severe stomach pain caused by his poor diet, which included eating too many hot dogs and drinking lots of soda.This event sparked rumors (谣言) about his death but actually led to a suspension from baseball in 1925.When he became seriously ill in 1946, doctors discovered he had nasopharyngeal cancer.Traditional treatments did not stop the progress of his illness.In 1947, Dr.Richard Lewisohn suggested that Ruth participate in a clinical trial for teropterin, an experimental drug that had only been tested on rats before.This made Ruth one of the first patients to receive chemotherapy (化疗). “I realized that if anything was learned about that type of treatment, whether good or bad，” Ruth wrote in his autobiography, “it would be useful in the future for doctors and maybe for a lot of people with the same problem as mine.” Ruth's response to the treatment was initially positive, though it did not last long.He passed away on August 16, 1948, but his legacy in both sports and medicine lives on.Thanks to Ruth and other early participants, chemotherapy became widely available in the 1950s, significantly improving survival rates for various types of cancer. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了棒球传奇人物贝比·鲁斯(Babe Ruth)不仅在棒球领域取得了卓越成就，还是癌症治疗领域的先驱。 1．What can be inferred about Babe Ruth in paragraph 1? A.He was known for his nicknames. B.He was the best baseball player of his time. C.His training method off the field ruined his health. D.Few people know that he devoted a lot to cancer treatment. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Born in February 1895, Babe Ruth was already the undoubted king of baseball by the time he turned 30.”可推知，贝比·鲁斯三十岁时，已经是棒球界毋庸置疑的王者，因此，他是他那个时代最棒的棒球运动员。故选B。 答案　B 2．What led to Ruth's collapse in 1925? A.His constant training. B.Unbalanced daily diets. C.Some rumors about his death. D.Ineffective traditional treatments. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1925, Ruth collapsed due to severe stomach pain caused by his poor diet, which included eating too many hot dogs and drinking lots of soda.”可知，不健康的日常饮食导致了鲁斯1925年的晕倒。故选B。 答案　B 3．What does the author want to show by quoting Ruth's autobiography in paragraph 3? A.Ruth's achievements in baseball. B.Ruth's curiosity about chemotherapy. C.Ruth's doubt about the new treatment. D.Ruth's contribution to cancer treatment. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中引用的鲁斯自传中的话以及最后一段“Thanks to Ruth and other early participants, chemotherapy became widely available in the 1950s, significantly improving survival rates for various types of cancer.”可推知，作者通过引用鲁斯自传中的话是想表明鲁斯对癌症治疗的贡献。故选D。 答案　D 4．Which of the following words can best describe Babe Ruth? A.Modest and generous. B.Ambitious and proud. C.Energetic and devoted. D.Optimistic and courageous. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But not many people know that he was also a pioneer in cancer treatment.”可推知，鲁斯是勇敢的；根据第三段中引用的鲁斯自传中的话以及第四段中的“Ruth's response to the treatment was initially positive, though it did not last long.”可推知，鲁斯是乐观的；故面对疾病，鲁斯表现出了乐观、开朗、积极治疗且充满勇气。故选D。 答案　D B (2026·湖南长沙测试)A new study involving nearly 50，000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults' health and longevity(长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages.The study represents an effort to develop an evidence­based public health message about the benefits of physical activity.The often­repeated 10，000­step­a­day saying grew out of a decades­old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up. Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older.They grouped the nearly 50，000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day.The lowest step group averaged 3，500 steps; the second, 5，800; the third, 7，800; and the fourth, 10，900 steps per day.Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40%～53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group. More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6，000～8，000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000～10，000 steps per day. “So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off.Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed.” Paluch says. The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7，000 steps a day reduced middle­aged people's risk of early death.“There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.” Paluch says.“More steps per day are better for your health.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究对四大洲近5万人进行了分析，确定了能够最大程度地改善健康、延长寿命的每日步数，同时调查了不同年龄段的人每日最佳步数是否有所不同。 5．Why did the scientists carry out the new study? A.To know about people's health condition. B.To explain the pedometer's working principles. C.To determine the best physical activity for people. D.To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The study represents an effort to develop an evidence­based public health message about the benefits of physical activity.The often­repeated 10，000­step­a­day saying grew out of a decades­old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up.”可知，现有的观点缺乏科学依据，本项研究旨在为科学的走路步数提供证据，由此可推知本研究旨在为日常走路锻炼提供科学指导。故选D。 答案　D 6．What does the underlined phrase “leveled off” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Turned higher. B.Became stable. C.Fell sharply. D.Changed rapidly. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线短语后面的“meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity”可知，多余的步数并不会增加额外的好处，由此可推知步数到达一定量之后降低死亡的风险趋于稳定，不再变化。“leveled off”意为“保持水平，保持平稳发展”，与Became stable意思相近。故选B。 答案　B 7．What does the experiment find? A.The old should walk as much as possible. B.Young people usually walk more than the old. C.The most beneficial steps differ by age groups. D.Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，年龄不同，最佳效果步数也不一样。故选C。 答案　C 8．What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do? A.To walk more steps. B.To control walking speed. C.To limit walking distance. D.To track the number of steps. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段Paluch所说的“There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.”和“More steps per day are better for your health.”可知，不运动的人，增加走路步数对健康有益，因此可知Paluch建议不运动的人应该增加走路步数。故选A。 答案　A C (2026·江苏南京、盐城模拟)Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson's disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. “It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain, which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans (扫描)，” says Joseph DeSouza, author of the study.“These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey.Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson's disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson's program at Canada's National Ballet School, along with family members or caregivers.Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months, progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more.The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), a brain region linked to depression.They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. The researchers found that after each dance class, reported depression rates dropped, and the effect was increasing from class to class, with significant improvements after 8 months.“We showed that SCG's BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression，” says DeSouza.“Parkinson's disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms (症状) appear.” Dance is thought to have a double benefit, with music activating the brain's reward centers, and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits.DeSouza, dancing with participants for 14 years, says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson's disease by itself, the benefits are clear.“We're not trying to cure it with dance，” he says.“What we're trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life.This goes for both the patients, and their families that take care of them.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了跳舞能缓解帕金森患者的抑郁症状。 9．What do we know about the results of the two detection methods? A.They fall short of expectations. B.They are more accurate than before. C.They are distinct from each other. D.They show consistent conclusions. 解析　细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey.Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.”可知，这两种检测方法得出的结论是一致的。故选D。 答案　D 10．How did the researchers conduct the study? A.By referring to previous studies. B.By making pre­post comparisons. C.By employing computer modeling. D.By conducting drug experiments. 解析　细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans.”可知，研究者们是通过做前后对比来进行研究的。故选B。 答案　B 11．What did the researchers find about the SCG? A.It is in charge of motor system. B.It can be measured by the GDS. C.Dancing slows down its functioning. D.Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 解析　细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“‘We showed that SCG's BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression，’ says DeSouza.”可知，研究者们发现跳舞会减缓SCG的功能。故选C。 答案　C 12．What is the best title of the text? A.Dancing Away Parkinson's Blues B.Dancing: Multiple Benefits To Be Seen C.Dancing With Your Mood Circuits D.Dancing: A Journey To Mental Well­being 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson's disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows.”可知，这主要讲述了跳舞能够缓解帕金森患者的抑郁症状，“Dancing Away Parkinson's Blues (跳舞驱散帕金森的忧郁)”最适合作文章标题。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·湖南长沙最后一卷)Consuming food can be a pleasurable thing—we enjoy feasting on the mix of tastes and textures and it stops us feeling hungry too. 13 ．But what many of us don't consider is how our emotions are affected by what we put into our stomach. For me, it's the unhealthy foods like chocolate that put a smile on my face—well, I do have a sweet tooth! It might seem obvious that's bad for our waistline, usually makes us happy. 14 ．But dietitians tell us that eating bad food for a long time not only leads to many health problems, but it can also affect our mental state and cause depression. The link between our mind and food has been looked at by scientists.They've recently found that it's the bacteria (细菌) in our body that affect our mood.Researchers in Canada have found that certain “good” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice. 15 ． Many food products are claiming to be high in such “good” bacteria and some of the best types are homemade food like yogurt. 16 ．Maybe I should change my diet to brighten me up! Doctor Michael Mosley would agree.He's been looking into this for the BBC and says the best food to cheer us up is in a “Mediterranean diet”； olive oil, whole grains, lots of fruits and vegetables.Sugar: terrible for you! So maybe it's time to lay off the fatty and sugary things. 17 ， even if the science behind it is complex.It's not rocket science but this is further evidence for the saying “we are what we eat”．There are other factors that can change our mood but it seems we have some ability to improve how we feel by controlling what we put on our plate. A.I don't want to give it a try. B.Eating healthily may seem simple. C.We are indeed determined by the we eat. D.This really makes me think twice about what I eat. E.Food also gives us energy and minerals our body needs. F.Most of us get this feeling when we use food as a quick pick­me­up. G.For us humans, this means food with “good” bacteria can improve how we feel. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物对人们情绪的影响。 13．解析　根据前文提到“Consuming food can be a pleasurable thing—we enjoy feasting on the mix of tastes and textures and it stops us feeling hungry too.”说明食物能带来愉悦感并让我们不饿，E选项“Food also gives us energy and minerals our body needs.”进一步阐述食物还能给我们身体所需的能量和矿物质，与前文构成并列关系，都是在说食物对我们身体的基本作用。故选E。 答案　E 14．解析　前文“For me, it's the unhealthy foods like chocolate that put a smile on my face....”提到像巧克力这样的不健康食物能让我们开心，F选项“Most of us get this feeling when we use food as a quick pick­me­up.”中的“this feeling”指代前文吃不健康食物带来的开心感觉，且提到当我们用食物来快速提神时会有这种感觉，符合语境。故选F。 答案　F 15．解析　前文“Researchers in Canada have found that certain ‘good’ bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice.”说加拿大的研究人员发现某些“有益”细菌有助于减轻老鼠的焦虑，G选项则指出对于人类来说，含有“有益”细菌的食物能改善我们的感觉，是对前文研究结果在人类身上的延伸。故选G。 答案　G 16．解析　前文“Many food products are claiming to be high in such ‘good’ bacteria and some of the best types are homemade food like yogurt.”提到很多食品声称富含这类“有益”细菌，自制食品如酸奶是最好的类型之一，D选项中的“This”指代前面关于“有益”细菌食物的内容，表明这让作者对自己吃的东西重新思考，与后文“Maybe I should change my diet to brighten me up！”相呼应。故选D。 答案　D 17．解析　根据后文“even if the science behind it is complex”以及“It's not rocket science but this is further evidence for the saying ‘we are what we eat’．”可知，这里是说健康饮食这件事看似简单，即使其背后的科学原理很复杂，B选项符合语境。故选B。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $