必修第1册 UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES 作业2（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考核心题型，融合解题方法提炼与知识逻辑构建，通过典例解析强化语言能力与思维品质 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题|细节定位、推理分析、词义猜测|以环保、教育话题为载体，构建“文本信息→题目考点→解题策略”逻辑链| |完形填空|1篇15题|语境词义辨析、情感线索追踪|依托个人经历叙事，串联词汇运用与语篇理解的内在联系| |语法填空|1篇10空|语法规则应用（冠词/非谓语/时态等）|以国际合作话题为情境，整合语法知识与意义表达的统一

作业(二) (限时：40分钟) 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·河北十校高三开学考)In 1999, Giuliana Furci, founder and founding director of the Fungi (真菌) Foundation, developed a deep interest in fungi.They were everywhere, and the 20­year­old took particular joy in the variety of mushrooms：small and button­shaped; tall and umbrella­like; round with red caps topped with white flakes.Some were commonly found in people's diets, for they were rich in nutrients such as vitamin, fiber, minerals and protein. But Furci also quickly realized that these fungi went largely ignored in Chile, where there were few guidebooks and an almost total lack of policies and resources to protect them from over­harvesting and other human activities.Determined to correct this, Furci wrote a field guide and set up the Fungi Foundation—a nonprofit dedicated to fungi conservation.In her guide, special attention went to the role of fungi in the ecosystem. “Life on the planet wouldn't exist without fungi，” said Greg Mueller, a mushroom conservation expert.“Because of their relationship with forests and trees, we can't survive without fungi.In terms of the health of the planet, they're incredibly important to humans and the overall ecosystem.” Fungi can break down plants and animals, thus cycling nutrients and increasing their availability in the soil.They are also important contributors to the soil carbon stock through the same process.What's more, fungi have been found to help degrade (降解) various pollutants, such as plastic.And mycelium (菌丝体), which is the root structure of mushrooms, is now being used to replace unsustainable materials, such as plastic and animal­based products. Because of these, exploration of fungi was expanded at a faster pace.However, some were already listed as critically endangered.In 2010, Furci took an even bigger step—with other environmental nonprofits, she put forward a proposal for the government to systematically assess how large new developments such as housing, dams, and highways affect fungi.In 2012, a law was passed and Chile became the first country in the world to protect fungi by law. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述朱莉安娜·弗尔奇因关注智利真菌被忽视的现状，成立真菌基金会并推动智利出台全球首部真菌保护法的故事。 1．Why did Furci establish the Fungi Foundation? A.To promote the consumption of edible fungi. B.To draw attention to fungi conservation. C.To study the variety of mushrooms in Chile. D.To create more jobs related to fungi research. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，弗尔奇成立真菌基金会是为了引起人们对真菌保护的关注。故选B。 答案　B 2．What do we know about fungi from paragraph 3? A.They are mainly used to produce plastic alternatives. B.They can only survive in forests and on trees. C.They play a key role in maintaining ecological balance. D.They are the most nutrient­rich organisms on earth. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Life on the planet wouldn't exist without fungi”以及“In terms of the health of the planet, they're incredibly important to humans and the overall ecosystem.”及后文提到的真菌分解动植物、循环养分、降解污染物等作用可知，真菌在维持生态平衡中扮演关键角色。故选C。 答案　C 3．What was the result of Furci's proposal in 2010? A.Chile became the first country to study fungi systematically. B.A law to protect fungi was passed in Chile two years later. C.Over­harvesting of fungi in Chile was completely banned. D.New developments in Chile were stopped to protect fungi. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2010, Furci took an even bigger step—with other environmental nonprofits，...became the first country in the world to protect fungi by law.”可知，弗尔奇2010年的提案最终促成智利在两年后出台了真菌保护法。故选B。 答案　B 4．Which of the following best describes Furci? A.Ambitious and cautious. B.Stubborn and determined. C.Passionate and committed. D.Knowledgeable but indifferent. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Giuliana Furci, founder and founding director of the Fungi Foundation, developed a deep interest in fungi”可知，弗尔奇对真菌有着浓厚的兴趣，这种浓厚的兴趣体现了她对真菌相关事物的热情。根据第二段可知，弗尔奇意识到真菌在智利被很大程度上忽视，于是她决心改变这一状况，写了一本野外指南并成立了真菌基金会，致力于真菌保护。这显示了她为保护真菌奉献自己的时间和精力的决心。由最后一段可以看出，她还积极推动政府对真菌保护进行系统性评估，最终在2012年智利通过了保护真菌的法律。这些行动都充分体现了她对真菌保护的奉献精神。故选C。 答案　C B (2026·吉林长春质量监测)An alarming phenomenon has sprung up over the past few years：Many students are arriving at college unprepared to read entire books.Many students are overwhelmed at the thought of reading multiple books a semester.They shut down when they're faced with ideas they don't understand. Why is this happening? The attraction of smartphones and social media came up, and it appears that many middle and high schools are teaching fewer full books.But one possible cause that I nod to is a change in values, not ability.The problem does not appear to be that “kids these days” are incurious or uninterested in reading.Instead, young people might be responding to a cultural message: Books just aren't that important. I once spoke with 33 professors at some top universities, who didn't think their students were lazy.It is not unusual that their students' schedules are crowded with activities that are less about personal development and more relevant to future employment.“There are too many demands on their time to devote themselves fully to works of literature that might take 20 hours to consume，” said James Shapiro, an English professor at Columbia. In 1971, 37% students said that a core objective of their college years was to become well­off financially.73% said it was to develop a meaningful philosophy of life.By 2015, those numbers had almost reversed (颠倒).Experts and parents alike have emphasized preprofessional courses but downplayed the importance of humanistic study. However society changes, there is no denying that reading is of significance.If we've shifted what we hold in esteem (推崇), it is reasonable that we could, as a society, shift back.The responsibility doesn't lie only with Generation Z．Everyone who's upset about the change has a role to play in reversing it. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了近年来大学生在阅读整本书方面准备不足的现象，分析了这一现象产生的原因，包括智能手机和社交媒体的吸引、学校教育方式的改变以及价值观的转变等，并强调了阅读的重要性以及社会各界在逆转这一现象中应承担的责任。 5．According to the author, what is the cause of the phenomenon? A.Many distractions from digital devices. B.Inadequate preparations for college life. C.A misguided belief in reading full books. D.Disqualifications of secondary school teachers. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，作者认为年轻人对于读书有着错误的看法，即书籍并没有那么重要。故选C。 答案　C 6．What can be inferred from James Shapiro's words? A.Schools should offer time management courses. B.Students are occupied with their works of literature. C.Reading literary pieces is beyond students' available time. D.Professors believe employment is more related to personal growth. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“‘There are too many demands on their time to devote themselves fully to works of literature that might take 20 hours to consume，’ said James Shapiro, an English professor at Columbia.”可知，学生的时间被太多事情占据了，以至于他们没有足够的时间全身心投入可能需要花费20个小时才能读完的文学作品中。由此可知，James Shapiro认为学生没有时间阅读文学作品。故选C。 答案　C 7．What does the underlined word “downplayed” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Highlighted. B.Underestimated. C.Recognized. D.Misunderstood. 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章画线单词所在句“Experts and parents alike have emphasized preprofessional courses but downplayed the importance of humanistic study.”可知，专家和家长都强调了职业预修课程的重要性。句中but表示转折关系，说明前后情况相反。前面提到“emphasized preprofessional courses”，那么后面对于“the importance of humanistic study”应该是与之相反的态度，即没有给予足够重视。故选B。 答案　B 8．What is the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph? A.To restate an opinion. B.To stir up a debate. C.To issue an announcement. D.To put forward a proposal. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，作者首先强调阅读的重要性不可否认，接着指出社会若曾改变过价值观，就有能力再转变回来，并明确表示扭转这一趋势的责任不仅在于Z世代，所有对现状不满的人都应参与其中。这是在呼吁社会共同行动，重新重视阅读的价值，属于“提出建议”。故选D。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·河北石家庄检测)When I learned about the medical mission to Tanzania, I knew I had to go.The thought of helping people in need filled me with 9 ．But my family was worried.They 10 dangers and urged me to stay close to home.Their concerns 11 heavily on me, but I couldn't 12 the calling in my heart. I stayed up all night 13 Tanzania, talking to the volunteers who had been there before.I applied for grants and took a course in tropical 14 ．Each step brought me 15 to my goal, but also widened the gap between my family and me. One evening, I decided to share my 16 with my family.Instead of arguing, I showed them the 17 of the people we could help—children with bright eyes, women with hopeful smiles.I explained how my 18 as a nurse could make a real difference. 19 ， their resistance began to waver.They saw my determination and realized it was not just a dream but a calling I couldn't ignore. With their 20 support, I boarded the plane to Tanzania.The journey was 21 ， but the gratitude in the eyes of the people we helped made every effort worthwhile.I returned home with a deeper sense of purpose and a heart full of appreciation for my family's 22 ．This experience taught me that following my heart could 23 incredible things, even when the path was uncertain. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者得知坦桑尼亚医疗援助任务后，不顾家人担忧，坚定追随内心召唤，最终获得家人支持并完成使命的经历。 9．A.comprehension　　　　 B．determination C.perspective D．barrier 解析　根据上文“the medical mission to Tanzania”和“helping people in need”和倒数第二段的“They saw my determination”可知，作者一想到要去帮助有需要的人，就下定了决心。故选B。 答案　B 10．A.imagined B．experienced C.acknowledged D．overlooked 解析　根据下文“dangers”可知，作者的家人想象着去坦桑尼亚的危险。故选A。 答案　A 11．A.secured B．defined C.weighed D．approached 解析　根据上文“Their concerns”可知，作者的家人担心作者，他们的担心对作者造成了影响，空处用weighed。故选C。 答案　C 12．A.ignore B．enhance C.advocate D．handle 解析　根据下文“the calling in my heart”可知，虽然家人担心作者，但是作者无法忽视内心的召唤。故选A。 答案　A 13．A.processing B．revising C.introducing D．researching 解析　根据下文“talking to the volunteers who had been there before”可知，作者应该是在出发前研究坦桑尼亚。故选D。 答案　D 14．A.medicine B．weather C.sightseeing D．forest 解析　根据上文“When I learned about the medical mission to Tanzania”可推知，作者申请了助学金，修了一门热带医学课程。故选A。 答案　A 15．A.deeper B．closer C.wider D．heavier 解析　根据上文“applied for grants and took a course in tropical”和下文“to my goal, but also widened the gap between my family and me”可知，作者申请助学金，修读热带医学课程，这些都让作者离目标更近。故选B。 答案　B 16．A.passion B．substance C.response D．curiosity 解析　根据下文“of the people we could help—children with bright eyes, women with hopeful smiles”可知，作者和家人们谈自己的热忱和激情所在。故选A。 答案　A 17．A.outcomes B．positions C.schedules D．pictures 解析　根据上文“I showed them”可知，作者是给家人看那些自己可以帮助的人的照片。故选D。 答案　D 18．A.principles B．concepts C.skills D．regulations 解析　根据下文“as a nurse”可知，此处是指作者作为护士的技能如何发挥作用。故选C。 答案　C 19．A.Interestingly B．Unfortunately C.Slowly D．Fairly 解析　根据下文“their resistance began to waver”可知，家人的抵抗慢慢开始动摇。故选C。 答案　C 20．A.temporary B．professional C.creative D．eventual 解析　根据上文“their resistance began to wave.They saw my determination and realized it was not just a dream but a calling I couldn't ignore”可知，家人们最终开始支持作者了。故选D。 答案　D 21．A.boring B．inspiring C.tough D．meaningful 解析　根据上文“I boarded the plane to Tanzania”并结合常识可知，作者去坦桑尼亚的旅程很艰难。故选C。 答案　C 22．A.expectation B．assistance C.investment D．contribution 解析　根据上文“support”和“a heart full of appreciation for my family's”可知，作者的家人支持作者，作者对家人的帮助充满了感激。故选B。 答案　B 23．A.point out B．hold back C.rule out D．lead to 解析　根据下文“incredible things”可知，跟随自己的心可以带来不可思议的事情，空处意为“带来”。故选D。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·福建厦门第一次质量检测)The rice fields in some parts of East Java are still plowed (犁地) by buffalo.There is little industry or tourism.Every year thousands of residents follow a well­worn path to jobs as domestic helpers in Hong Kong or construction workers in Saudi Arabia.Ziofani Alfirdaus, 24. ， believes he will have a career and a future here.The 16­year­old is clear on the source of his 25. (optimistic)—China. His local school hosts a Luban Workshop, 26. Chinese­funded and Chinese­directed vocational (职业) training program that 27. (teach) students how to service Chinese electric­vehicle engines, operate Chinese commercial drones (无人机) and assemble Chinese robots.The educational assistance, 28. (provide) at no cost, has revolutionized the provincial school here with new technology to train students, as well as trips to vocational schools in China 29. (build) the skills of Indonesian educators. Students 30. have gone through the workshops are convinced of the values of Chinese technology.31. (previous), Alfirdaus didn't know what drones were, but now he is studying how to operate them, hoping to make a career with them in the future.“China's technology，” he said，“will be 32. (help) to all of mankind.” So far, over 50 majors 33. (offer) under Chinese­foreign cooperation within the framework of the program, which has trained 9，000 students with degrees and 18，000 people for local communities. [语篇解读]　这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了东爪哇部分地区学校的鲁班工坊为学生提供免费职业培训，让学生了解中国技术。 24．解析　句意：然而，齐奥法尼·阿尔菲尔多斯相信他将在这里拥有一份职业和一个未来。上文提到当地很多居民外出打工，下文却说齐奥法尼·阿尔菲尔多斯相信能在当地有未来，前后是转折关系，且设空单词用逗号与句子主干分隔开，应用连接副词however(然而)表转折关系。故填however。 答案　however 25．解析　句意：这位16岁的少年清楚他乐观情绪的来源——中国。提示词在形容词性物主代词his后，作介词宾语，用名词optimism(乐观)，是不可数名词。故填optimism。 答案　optimism 26．解析　句意：他所在的当地学校开设了一个鲁班工坊，这是一个由中国资助、中国指导的职业培训项目。可数名词program在句中表示“一个培训项目”，泛指，且Chinese发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 答案　a 27．解析　句意：这个项目教授学生如何维修中国电动汽车发动机、操作中国商用无人机以及组装中国机器人。teach(教授)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词training program)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填teaches。 答案　teaches 28．解析　句意：这种免费提供的教育援助，用新技术革新了这里的省立学校来培训学生，还安排前往中国职业学校的行程来提升印尼教育工作者的技能。“(provide) at no cost”作后置定语，provide(提供)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The educational assistance之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填provided。 答案　provided 29．解析　句意：这种免费提供的教育援助，用新技术革新了这里的省立学校来培训学生，还安排前往中国职业学校的行程来提升印尼教育工作者的技能。“(build) the skills of Indonesian educators”是“trips to vocational schools in China”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。 答案　to build 30．解析　句意：参加过这些工坊的学生坚信中国技术的价值。“ have gone through the workshops”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Students，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。 答案　who/that 31．解析　句意：以前，阿尔菲尔多斯不知道无人机是什么，但现在他正在学习如何操作它们，希望将来能以此谋生。提示词在句中作时间状语，用副词previously(以前)；句首单词首字母大写。故填Previously。 答案　who/that 32．解析　句意：“中国的技术，”他说，“将对全人类有帮助。”提示词作表语，用形容词helpful(有帮助的)，表明主语China's technology的性质。故填helpful。 答案　helpful 33．解析　句意：到目前为止，该项目框架内的中外合作已提供了50多个专业，培养了9000名有学位的学生和18 000名当地社区人员。offer(提供)是主句谓语动词，与主语over 50 majors之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“So far”可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been offered。 答案　have been offered 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $