必修第1册 UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES 作业1（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语核心题型，整合不同题材语篇，通过细节理解、主旨大意等题型训练，强化语言理解与逻辑分析能力，符合一轮复习综合提升需求。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇12题（福建福州、辽宁大连质检/模拟）|涵盖细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断|通过记叙文（教育实践）、说明文（科技发明、心理研究）考查信息定位、语篇结构分析及逻辑推断，提升语言理解与思维品质| |七选五|1篇5题（山东潍坊检测）|考查上下文逻辑衔接|围绕“家庭作业的历史与价值”主题，训练信息整合与语篇连贯能力，强化逻辑思维与学习能力|

作业(一) (限时：30分钟) 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·福建福州质量检测)When Tina Farr visits the year 2 classroom at her Oxford primary school, she can feel the changed atmosphere since play was put firmly back on the curriculum (课程).“The children come running up with things they have made.There is always a shop on the go so they will be pricing up something or finding change.” the headteacher says. Play­based learning—letting children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided activities—usually stops when they attend primary school.Lessons then become desk­based, focused on reading and writing. Farr had long championed the value of play, working hard to bring it into breaktimes.“Teachers would recognise what we do and it doesn't take any more planning than the standard approach.” With play­based learning in place for her year 1 and 2 children, Farr then looked at where else she could change any practices that weren't working.“If a practice isn't in line with healthy child development, why are we doing it？” The school's year 5 children—aged 9 and 10—were struggling to sit still in a tight space so she removed all the furniture.“The impact was immediate and impressive.Children now choose where and how to learn.A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged.” A teacher note：“Their self­regulation has improved greatly.They settle down to work much more readily.” Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change.“We have neuroscience (神经科学) to know children learn through play.” In June the school sailed through its Ofsted inspection.“The inspector really understood our play­based learning.” Farr's message is that her approach can be rolled out.“It's blown my mind how engaged the children are.It's phenomenal，” she says. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述牛津某小学的校长Tina Farr在学校推行以游戏为基础的学习模式，调整教学环境，促进学生健康发展并取得良好效果的故事。 1．What change does Farr bring to her school? A.Additional income. B.Flexible environments. C.Upgraded equipment D.Diverse outdoor games. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Farr为学校带来的改变是灵活的学习环境。故选B。 答案　B 2．What is the main reason for Farr to introduce play­based learning? A.To reduce teacher' workload. B.To enhance the school's reputation. C.To improve students' academic results. D.To promote kids' well­being and growth. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段以及第四段中调整家具后学生专注力和自我调节能力提升的效果可知，Farr推行以游戏为基础的学习模式，主要是为了促进孩子的健康和成长。故选D。 答案　D 3．Which best describes the students with the new seating arrangement? A.More focused. B．More energetic. C.More self­centred. D．More courageous. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘The impact was immediate and impressive...’A teacher note：‘Their self­regulation has improved greatly.They settle down to work much more readily.’”可知，新的座位安排(灵活的学习环境)让学生更专注了。故选A。 答案　A 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about concerning Farr's approach? A.Its theory. B．Its challenge. C.Its purpose. D．Its effectiveness. 解析　主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，该段主要通过学校通过检查、检查员认可、学生进步显著等内容，体现Farr推行的方法的有效性。故选D。 答案　D B (2026·辽宁大连模拟)Backpackers are all too familiar with the uncomfortable burden of a heavy bag, but scientists are investigating methods to lighten the load.A recent study by a Chinese research team introduced a backpack design that significantly reduces the amount of energy required by the user to carry it. Typically, as a person takes a step, the load inside their backpack often shifts up and down, pushing against the inside of the backpack with extra force, which can make the bag feel heavier than it actually is.“A backpack capable of minimizing these forces addresses a real pain point for many people who carry heavy loads during commuting, hiking, or running，” says Yanhe Zhu, a researcher at the Harbin Institute of Technology.“A product that can reduce this burden while enhancing comfort and flexibility would likely be very appealing.” Unlike existing suspension backpacks that use energy­consuming motors, Zhu and his team developed one that requires almost no external power.The backpack uses springs and sticks to balance the load, while a motor­controlled dampener (阻尼器) prevents the load from hitting the bag's walls.When the load moves close to the walls, the dampener adjusts to cancel out the movement, and the energy it uses is sent back to the motor.This means only a small amount of power is needed to control the system, making it much more energy­efficient than other designs that need extra power for the motor. In experiments, volunteers wore both a regular backpack and the new design while walking on a walking test platform.The results demonstrated that the new design reduced energy use by over 11% compared to a conventional backpack. Zhu believes this technology holds significant commercial potential, and is interested in exploring ways to introduce it to market.“Our following task will involve integrating intelligent algorithms (算法) to enable the suspension backpack to adjust to a broader range of movement patterns, such as jumping，” says Zhu. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章围绕中国科研团队研发的一种新型背包展开，介绍了该背包的设计原理、优势以及实验效果，并提及了未来的发展方向。 5．What is the main advantage of the new backpack? A.It is lighter in weight. B.It reduces the user's energy use. C.It increases the storage capacity. D.It enhances the user's walking speed. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study by a Chinese research team introduced a backpack design that significantly reduces the amount of energy required by the user to carry it.”可知，新背包的主要优势是减少了用户携带背包所需的能量。故选B。 答案　B 6．What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Reducing the backpack's weight. B.Increasing the comfort and flexibility. C.Preventing the load from shifting inside. D.Cutting down the energy needed to carry it. 解析　词义猜测题。根据前文“Typically, as a person takes a step, the load inside their backpack often shifts up and down, pushing against the inside of the backpack with extra force, which can make the bag feel heavier than it actually is.”可知，一种能减少背包内物品上下移动所产生的额外力量可知解决背包“重”这个问题。由此可知，“minimizing these forces”指的是减少背包内物品上下移动所产生的额外力量。故选C。 答案　C 7．What does paragraph 3 focus on? A.The limitations of traditional backpacks. B.The mechanical structure of the new backpack. C.The comparison between new and old backpacks. D.The energy­saving working principle of the new design. 解析　主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，这一段主要关注新设计的节能工作原理。故选D。 答案　D 8．What is Zhu's next goal for the backpack design? A.To bring it to market. B．To boost its popularity. C.To expand its adaptability. D．To make it more comfortable. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Zhu的下一个目标是通过集成智能算法，让背包能够适应更广泛的运动模式，即扩大其适应性。故选C。 答案　C C (2026·辽宁大连模拟)How alike are parents and kids? I, for example, am competitive like my dad; my sister got my mother's sympathy.My husband and his mom, meanwhile, share a lively debating style; it's why their conversations get so...animated. It's an assumption that goes beyond geography：There are “the apple doesn't fall far from the tree” equivalents worldwide—mostly tree­related, although I like the Portuguese “a fish's child knows how to swim”． And it's reinforced culturally.There is a proverb that goes like this, “like father, like son”．It feels true, intuitively (直觉地).But the thing is, it's not.This isn't news：Psychologists have known for ages that parents and children don't particularly share the main personality characteristics.It is getting attention now because of a study that tried to change the way this question of family similarity is explored.Rather than participants only self­reporting their personalities, they also chose a third party who knew them well to assess them. This novel approach suggested more similarities between parents and children approximately 40% rather than the 25% of previous studies.But that is still very low.The study concluded that it was “impossible to accurately predict a child's personality characteristics from those of their mother or father” and that most relatives are not “much more similar than strangers”．The same study's findings on the impact of home environment show than “Growing up together does not make people more similar.” But parents aren't off the hook.Last year, a study of 9，400 11­to 17­year­olds declared：“Parent personalities have a significant impact on a child's life.” The detailed results concluded：“Kids with neurotic (神经质的) parents scored relatively low on several measures, including grades, overall health, body mass index...and time spent on leisure activities.” As one psychologist has put it, the most direct way to weigh nature against nurture (培养) is “to randomly assign children to parents”， but the real challenge is, you can't double­blind—randomize parenting, if so, we are left tripping up in the dark. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了父母与子女之间性格相似性的问题，通过引用心理学研究的结果和观点，阐述了父母与子女在性格上并不特别相似，尽管家庭环境对孩子有一定影响，但无法准确预测孩子的性格特征。 9．How does the author illustrate the universality of the idea that kids are like parents? A.Through analysis. B．Through proverbs. C.Through stories. D．Through comparison. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段以及第三段“There is a proverb that goes like this, ‘like father, like son’．”可知，作者通过列举这些谚语来说明世界各地都有类似“孩子像父母” 的说法，以此来阐述这一观念的普遍性。故选B。 答案　B 10．What is special about the new study on family similarity? A.It does more experiments. B.It makes use of other people's assessments. C.It adopts the advice of psychologists. D.It explains the participants' self­reports. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rather than participants only self­reporting their personalities, they also chose a third party who knew them well to assess them.”可知，新研究的特别之处在于，参与者不仅要自我报告自己的性格，还需选择熟悉他们的第三方来进行评估，即利用了其他人的评估。故选B。 答案　B 11．What do we know about the result of the novel study? A.It's imprecise. B.It's the same as previous result. C.It's persuasive. D.It's against traditional understanding. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，新研究结果与传统上认为父母和孩子相似的认知相悖。故选D。 答案　D 12．What does the writer suggest in the last two paragraphs? A.Giving advice on parenting. B.Training kids to behave well. C.Improving kids' personalities. D.Encouraging kids to learn from their parents. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，父母的性格对孩子有重大影响，不良的父母性格会导致孩子在一些方面表现不佳。而文章最后一段提到衡量先天和后天培养的困难，从侧面反映出父母在养育子女方面需要注意的问题。综合来看，作者在这两段是在暗示关于养育子女的相关建议。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·山东潍坊检测)Homework has long been tied to school. 13 But with the way of learning shifted, it's fair to ask：Is homework still relevant, or a leftover from a different time? The idea of homework goes back a long way.Historians trace it to ancient Rome.Pliny the Younger, a teacher around AD 61—113, encouraged students to practice speaking at home.Homework evolved slowly over the centuries. 14 In the US, it grew common in the early 20th century.In 1957, American schools piled on homework to raise academic demands.By the 1980s, it was seen as key to academic success. 15 For high schoolers, homework links to academic performance.But younger kids seem to gain little from traditional homework.Furthermore, students who are responsible and supported at home are most likely to complete assignments and benefit from them.For students from lower­income families who might lack internet access, homework can actually widen the achievement gap. Then everything changed.As educators recognized the limitations of passive, one­size­fits­all tasks in encouraging genuine understanding and student engagement, traditional worksheets and reading logs gave way to project­based assignments or online lessons, clouding the line between homework and classwork.However, just assigning tasks wasn't enough. 16 So, what now? Keep, change, or get rid of it？ 17 It all comes down to how it's used.When it's just something to keep kids busy, it doesn't do much.But when thoughtful, clear, and actually fitting what a student needs, it has its place.In a world where information is instant, the purpose of homework needs a fresh look. A.The thing is, homework isn't automatically good or bad. B.It took on a more formal role during the Industrial Revolution. C.Furthermore, access to reliable internet became a critical factor. D.The concept, however, faded significantly during the Middle Ages. E.The question of whether homework actually helps students is tricky. F.Without engagement, feedback, and support, homework lost its effectiveness. G.Ask students what school's like, and you'll hear about tests, teachers and homework. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。主要探讨了家庭作业的历史、现状及其对学生影响的变化，并提出了关于家庭作业未来走向的思考。 13．解析　根据上文“Homework has long been tied to school.”和下文“But with the way of learning shifted, it's fair to ask：Is homework still relevant, or a leftover from a different time？”可知，上文说家庭作业与学校紧密相关，下文提出随着学习方式的转变，家庭作业是否仍然重要的问题，G选项承接上文，说明家庭作业是学校生活的一部分，同时引出下文关于家庭作业是否仍然重要的讨论。故选G。 答案　G 14．解析　根据上文“Historians trace it to ancient Rome.”和“Homework evolved slowly over the centuries.”以及下文“In the US, it grew common in the early 20th century.”可知，上文说家庭作业的概念可追溯至古罗马，并在几个世纪中逐渐发展，下文说家庭作业在某一时期变得普遍，B选项承上启下，补充了“古罗马之后、美国20世纪之前” 的关键发展节点，符合“centuries”所体现的时间线递进关系，使作业的发展历程更连贯。故选B。 答案　B 15．解析　根据空处下文可知，下文围绕“家庭作业对学生的帮助程度因群体而异”展开，E选项引出下文，说明家庭作业对学生是否有帮助是一个复杂的问题，概括了下文的核心议题，起到总领全段的作用。故选E。 答案　E 16．解析　根据上文“However, just assigning tasks wasn't enough.”可知，上文说仅仅布置家庭作业是不够的，F选项承接上文，进一步说明家庭作业需要学生的参与、老师的反馈和家长的支持才能有效。故选F。 答案　F 17．解析　根据空处上文可知，上文提出关于家庭作业未来走向的问题，下文则说明了家庭作业的价值取决于如何使用它，A选项承接上文的疑问，并引出下文，说明家庭作业的价值不是固定的，而是取决于如何使用，逻辑连贯。故选A。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $