专题08 同义替换词汇 → 【 阅卷偏爱·换词表】（专项训练）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦同义替换词汇，通过"基础积累-语境应用-真题实战"三阶训练体系，系统提升阅读中的词汇转换能力与写作中的高级词汇运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词·拼写演练|30题|含释义匹配与高级替换词填空|从基础词义到高分替换词的层级递进| |基础·阅读演练|5篇阅读+3篇完形|以社区课程、招生指南等实用文本为主|在生活化语境中强化同义替换识别能力| |拔高·阅读演练|5篇阅读+3篇完形|涵盖亚马逊雨林、AI技术等学术话题|通过复杂文本提升词汇转换的深度理解| |真题·阅读演练|5篇高考真题+3篇完形|精选上海、天津等近年高考真题|对接真实命题规律，实现考点精准突破|

专题08 同义替换词汇 → 【 阅卷偏爱·换词表】（专项训练） 目 录 单词·拼写演练 1 基础·阅读演练 2 拔高·阅读演练 3 真题·阅读演练 4 单词·拼写演练 题目 01：答案解析：有益的；有好处的，形容词，作文高级替换基础词 good，固定搭配 be beneficial to（对…… 有益）。 题目 02：答案解析：promote，动词，常用搭配 promote development（促进发展），议论文高频书面词汇。 题目 03：答案解析：妥善处理；攻克，动词，替换基础词 solve，专门用于指代解决棘手、难度大的难题。 题目 04：答案解析：significantly，副词，对应形容词 significant（重大的），阅读细节题同义替换核心考点词。 题目 05：答案解析：大量的；丰富的，形容词，替换基础词 many，多用于修饰资源、机会、时间等抽象名词。 题目 06：答案解析：indispensable，书面高级形容词，强调人或事物无可替代，适合议论文结尾升华使用。 题目 07：答案解析：因此；结果，因果逻辑衔接副词，替换口语连词 so，常置于句首引导结果句。 题目 08：答案解析：cope with，侧重从容应对困境、突发问题，完形填空近义词辨析高频考点。 题目 09：答案解析：然而；尽管如此，转折类书面衔接词，语气强度高于普通 however，提升作文档次。 题目 10：答案解析：furthermore，多用于句首补充分层观点，替换基础词汇 also，议论文分层论证专用。 题目 11：答案解析：合作，动词，替换基础词 cooperate，校园团队、社会实践类完形阅读高频词。 题目 12：答案解析：safeguard，多用于搭配权益、生态、安全，环保、社会话题阅读同义替换核心词。 题目 13：答案解析：可持续的，形容词，科技环保类语篇核心词汇，新高考阅读 B 篇常考。 题目 14：答案解析：relieve，固定搭配 relieve pressure（缓解压力），读后续写心理、情绪描写专用词。 题目 15：答案解析：枯燥繁琐的，形容词，替换基础词 boring，侧重形容冗长乏味的任务、工作。 题目 16：答案解析：diverse，修饰文化、活动、人群，校园、社会生活话题写作高频提分词。 题目 17：答案解析：准确地；确切地，副词，替换基础词 exactly，阅读细节选项中频繁出现。 题目 18：答案解析：dedicate，固定搭配 dedicate oneself to doing sth.（全身心投入做某事），书面高级动词。 题目 19：答案解析：普遍盛行的，形容词，替换基础词 common，用于描述社会风气、生活潮流。 题目 20：答案解析：feasible，常修饰 plan、scheme、solution，议论文对策段落核心词汇。 题目 21：答案解析：令人震惊的，-ing 类形容词，专门修饰事物；区分 astonished（感到震惊的，修饰人），词性辨析必考。 题目 22：答案解析：gradually，用于描述成长、环境、心态缓慢变化，读后续写叙事高频副词。 题目 23：答案解析：节约；保护，动词，侧重合理利用自然资源，环保主题核心动词。 题目 24：答案解析：overcome，固定搭配 overcome difficulties（克服困难），励志类作文必备词汇。 题目 25：答案解析：观点；视角，名词，替换基础名词 opinion，高级表达个人看法专用词。 题目 26：答案解析：extremely，修饰各类形容词，书面写作替换低端程度副词 very。 题目 27：答案解析：习得；获取，动词，侧重慢慢学习知识、技能，替换基础词 get。 题目 28：答案解析：in conclusion，正式书面结尾词，替换口语化短语 all in all。 题目 29：答案解析：暂时的；临时的，形容词，常修饰挫折、困境、变化，完形近义词辨析高频词。 题目 30：答案解析：sufficient，修饰时间、物资、准备，语法填空词形转换常考词汇。 基础·阅读演练 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 【答案】7．B 8．B 9．C 【答案】10．B 11．B 12．D 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．B 【答案】 16．D 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．D 【答案】 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．D 49．A 50．B 【答案】 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．C 61．C 62．D 63．C 64．A 65．D 【答案】66．have known 67．threat 68．where 【答案】 69．known 70．how 71．between 72．graduates 73．curiosity 74．have appeared/have been appearing 75．truly 76．to enjoy 77．prepared 78．the 拔高·阅读演练 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．D 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．F 8．G 9．D 【答案】10．D 11．A 12．D 13．D 【答案】14．D 15．B 16．A 【答案】17．C 18．G 19．B 20．D 21．A 【答案】 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 36．B 【答案】 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．D 51．B 【答案】 52．B 53．C 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．B 61．D 62．C 63．C 64．A 65．A 66．D 【答案】 67．a 68．what 69．houses 70．whose 71．being reduced 72．were added 73．evident 74．To engage 75．as 76．and 【答案】 77．Unlike 78．to reveal 79．a 80．judgement/judgment 81．presented 82．ourselves 83．creating 84．where 85．be rushed 86．broader 真题·阅读演练 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．B 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 【答案】12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 【答案】17．Because of her best friend's dad. 18．By being away from the small town and meeting new people. 19．To drop out of law school for astronomy. 20．Gave. 21．Interest. Because it can keep me motivated. 【答案】 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．C 【答案】 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．D 50．C 51．B 【答案】 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．B 57．D 58．A 59．C 60．C 61．A 62．D 63．B 64．C 65．D 66．A 【答案】 67．coming 68．they 69．where 70．has not happened 71．called 72．against 73．when/as 74．to see 75．whether/if 76．whoever 【答案】77．to check 78．that 79．as if/as though 80．who 81．ignoring 82．someone/somebody 83．has been interrupted/is being interrupted/is interrupted 84．which 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 同义替换词汇 → 【 阅卷偏爱·换词表】（专项训练） 目 录 单词·拼写演练 1 基础·阅读演练 4 拔高·阅读演练 26 真题·阅读演练 48 单词·拼写演练 题目 01：写出单词 beneficial 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：有益的；有好处的，形容词，作文高级替换基础词 good，固定搭配 be beneficial to（对…… 有益）。 题目 02：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：提升；促进（动词，高级替换 improve） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：promote，动词，常用搭配 promote development（促进发展），议论文高频书面词汇。 题目 03：写出单词 tackle 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：妥善处理；攻克，动词，替换基础词 solve，专门用于指代解决棘手、难度大的难题。 题目 04：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：显著地（副词，修饰数据、变化） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：significantly，副词，对应形容词 significant（重大的），阅读细节题同义替换核心考点词。 题目 05：写出单词 abundant 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：大量的；丰富的，形容词，替换基础词 many，多用于修饰资源、机会、时间等抽象名词。 题目 06：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：不可或缺的（形容词，高分替换 important） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：indispensable，书面高级形容词，强调人或事物无可替代，适合议论文结尾升华使用。 题目 07：写出单词 consequently 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：因此；结果，因果逻辑衔接副词，替换口语连词 so，常置于句首引导结果句。 题目 08：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：应对；处理（高级短语，替换 deal with） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：cope with，侧重从容应对困境、突发问题，完形填空近义词辨析高频考点。 题目 09：写出单词 nevertheless 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：然而；尽管如此，转折类书面衔接词，语气强度高于普通 however，提升作文档次。 题目 10：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：此外；而且（递进衔接短语） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：furthermore，多用于句首补充分层观点，替换基础词汇 also，议论文分层论证专用。 题目 11：写出单词 collaborate 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：合作，动词，替换基础词 cooperate，校园团队、社会实践类完形阅读高频词。 题目 12：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：保护；维护（正式动词，替换 protect） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：safeguard，多用于搭配权益、生态、安全，环保、社会话题阅读同义替换核心词。 题目 13：写出单词 sustainable 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：可持续的，形容词，科技环保类语篇核心词汇，新高考阅读 B 篇常考。 题目 14：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：缓解；减轻（动词，搭配压力、伤痛） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：relieve，固定搭配 relieve pressure（缓解压力），读后续写心理、情绪描写专用词。 题目 15：写出单词 tedious 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：枯燥繁琐的，形容词，替换基础词 boring，侧重形容冗长乏味的任务、工作。 题目 16：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：多样的；多元的（高级形容词，替换 different） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：diverse，修饰文化、活动、人群，校园、社会生活话题写作高频提分词。 题目 17：写出单词 precisely 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：准确地；确切地，副词，替换基础词 exactly，阅读细节选项中频繁出现。 题目 18：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：致力于；奉献（动词） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：dedicate，固定搭配 dedicate oneself to doing sth.（全身心投入做某事），书面高级动词。 题目 19：写出单词 prevalent 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：普遍盛行的，形容词，替换基础词 common，用于描述社会风气、生活潮流。 题目 20：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：可行的；可实施的（形容词） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：feasible，常修饰 plan、scheme、solution，议论文对策段落核心词汇。 题目 21：写出单词 astonishing 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：令人震惊的，-ing 类形容词，专门修饰事物；区分 astonished（感到震惊的，修饰人），词性辨析必考。 题目 22：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：逐步地；渐渐地（副词） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：gradually，用于描述成长、环境、心态缓慢变化，读后续写叙事高频副词。 题目 23：写出单词 conserve 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：节约；保护，动词，侧重合理利用自然资源，环保主题核心动词。 题目 24：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：克服（动词，搭配困难、阻碍） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：overcome，固定搭配 overcome difficulties（克服困难），励志类作文必备词汇。 题目 25：写出单词 perspective 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：观点；视角，名词，替换基础名词 opinion，高级表达个人看法专用词。 题目 26：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：极其；极大地（副词，替换 very） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：extremely，修饰各类形容词，书面写作替换低端程度副词 very。 题目 27：写出单词 acquire 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：习得；获取，动词，侧重慢慢学习知识、技能，替换基础词 get。 题目 28：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：总而言之（作文标准结尾衔接短语） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：in conclusion，正式书面结尾词，替换口语化短语 all in all。 题目 29：写出单词 temporary 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：暂时的；临时的，形容词，常修饰挫折、困境、变化，完形近义词辨析高频词。 题目 30：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：充足的；充分的（正式形容词，替换 enough） 答题区：________________________ 答案解析：sufficient，修饰时间、物资、准备，语法填空词形转换常考词汇。 基础·阅读演练 （2026·湖南长沙·三模）Four Free Community Courses Handwriting Improvement This practical course is specially designed for teenagers and adult beginners who want to standardize their handwriting and improve writing neatness. Professional calligraphy teachers from local art associations will deliver systematic offline teaching and teach standard writing skills for English words and Chinese characters. The official courses start every Monday afternoon and last for one and a half hours per session. All writing tools including practice papers and special pens are provided uniformly, so participants do not need to prepare anything in advance. After four weeks of systematic learning and daily targeted training, learners will gain obvious progress in handwriting neatness, standardization and fluency, which can greatly improve their daily homework and exam paper presentation. Public Speaking The public speaking course is open to all students aged 12–18 in the community and surrounding schools. Different from traditional rote training, this course focuses on cultivating learners’ oral expression skills, logical thinking ability and on-site adaptability. Each class is divided into theoretical explanation, model appreciation and practical speech practice links. Teachers will guide students to design speech frameworks, polish language expressions and overcome stage fright step by step. Fixed classes are held every Wednesday evening after school hours to avoid conflicting with students’ daily study. The course has no entry threshold and warmly welcomes all beginners who are interested in speech and eager to exercise themselves. Home Cooking The home cooking course is suitable for people of all ages, including primary and secondary school students, office workers and retired residents. The course aims to teach simple, delicious and healthy home-style dishes, while guiding learners to develop scientific cooking habits and a healthy diet concept. Course ingredients, kitchen utensils and protective tools are all provided for free by the community activity center. The fixed course time is every Friday morning from nine to eleven o’clock, lasting two hours each time. Teachers will demonstrate on-site and guide students to operate in groups, focusing on teaching low-oil, low-salt and nutritious daily dishes, helping learners master practical life skills suitable for family daily meals. Photography Basics This basic photography course is tailored for ordinary photography lovers with no professional foundation. Breaking the misunderstanding that photography requires expensive professional cameras, the course focuses on teaching practical mobile phone shooting skills suitable for daily life. Professional photography teachers will teach composition skills, light utilization, color matching and scene shooting techniques for landscapes, portraits and daily trivial matters. All courses are arranged on weekends to adapt to the free time of students and working people. Through systematic learning, learners can skillfully record beautiful moments in study, life and travel, and discover the beauty hidden in ordinary daily life with the lens. 1．Which course starts on weekdays afternoon? A．Handwriting Improvement B．Public Speaking C．Home Cooking D．Photography Basics 2．What do we know about Public Speaking? A．It is free for adults B．It needs professional tools C．It trains logical thinking D．It is held on weekends 3．Who is the text intended for? A．Course teachers B．Community residents C．School students D．Professional trainers 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】主要介绍社区开设的四门免费课程，分别说明每门课的适配人群、上课时间、授课内容与配套相关物资。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据Handwriting Improvement部分中的“The official courses start every Monday afternoon and last for one and a half hours per session.(正式课程每周一下午开课，每节课时长一个半小时。)”可知，硬笔书法提升课程在工作日下午开课。 2．细节理解题。根据Public Speaking部分中的“Different from traditional rote training, this course focuses on cultivating learners’ oral expression skills, logical thinking ability and on-site adaptability.(不同于传统死记硬背式训练，该课程着重培养学员的口语表达能力、逻辑思维能力以及临场应变能力。)”可知，公共演讲课程会锻炼学员的逻辑思维。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是标题“Four Free Community Courses”以及各课程板块面向社区居民、学生、上班族、退休人群的介绍可知，全文面向社区居民介绍免费课程，文章的目标受众是社区居民。 （2026·河南南阳·模拟预测）Admission Guidelines for Yale School of Art Admission to Yale’s MFA program is for the fall term only, annually. Preliminary (初步的) admission decisions and finalist notification will be sent in early February. Offers of admission are sent in early March. To apply for more than one area of concentration, separate applications and supporting documentation must be submitted. Deadline: The application for academic year 2027 — 2028 will open in October 2026. Take time to prepare, review, and revise application materials, get familiar with the system, and request letters and report cards in advance. The application will be due Saturday, January 9, 2027 at 11:59 PM Eastern Standard Time. Instructions for All Applicants Follow all instructions carefully to ensure that your application is viewed to your best advantage. For an explanation of specific requirements for each area of study, please refer to the departmental sections that follow. Submit the following materials to complete your application: • Application form: Open from early October until the early January deadline. • Fee: Follow payment instructions at https://apply.art.yale.edu/apply/ to submit your $100 non-refundable fee. Yale School of Art practices “need-blind admission”, as such fee waivers (费用减免) are not available. • Statement: A one-page statement addressing your current practice, interests, influences, and/ or lived experiences relative to the subject matter of your work and research, and goals for graduate study. Applicants to the Painting/ Printmaking program should make reference in their statements to the “representative work” in the portfolio (作品集); this is not critical for the other programs. • Recommendations: Letters from three references, ideally who are practicing or teaching in your area of interest. It is recommended to seek letters of support from those familiar with your practice, community values, and potential for growth in Yale’s MFA program. • Report cards: An undergraduate academic report card showing dates of attendance, coursework, and grades from your degree-issuing institution. Junior or community college report cards are not necessary to include when submitting report cards. 4．When will the application for the MFA program be closed? A．In early October 2026. B．In early March 2027. C．In early February 2027. D．In early January, 2027. 5．What should applicants know about the application fee? A．It’s refundable if the application fails. B．It should be paid via the specified website. C．It offers a discount for multiple concentrations. D．It’s waivable depending on the financial situation. 6．What’s special about the Painting/ Printmaking program’s statement? A．Mentioning the typical work. B．Setting goals for graduate study. C．Focusing on community values and growth. D．Describing undergraduate coursework and grades. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 【导语】文章主要介绍耶鲁大学艺术学院MFA项目的招生要求、申请时间、截止日期及需提交的申请材料等相关信息。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The application will be due Saturday, January 9, 2027 at 11:59 PM Eastern Standard Time. (申请截止日期为2027年1月9日星期六美国东部标准时间晚上11点59分。)”可知，MFA项目的申请截止时间在2027年1月初。 5．细节理解题。根据Submit the following materials to complete your application:中的“Fee: Follow payment instructions at https://apply.art.yale.edu/apply/ to submit your $100 non-refundable fee. (费用：请按照https://apply.art.yale.edu/apply/上的支付说明提交100美元的不可退还费用。)”可知，申请费需通过指定网站支付。 6．细节理解题。根据Submit the following materials to complete your application:中的“Applicants to the Painting/ Printmaking program should make reference in their statements to the “representative work” in the portfolio (作品集); this is not critical for the other programs. (绘画/版画项目的申请人应在个人陈述中提及作品集中的“代表性作品”；这对其他项目来说并非必需。)”可知，绘画/版画项目的个人陈述的特别之处在于需要提及代表性作品。 （2026·四川成都·模拟预测）Summer Combo Deal: Qiaolezi Ice Cream + Sprite Get ready for the hottest promotion of the season! From July 15th to August 25th, participating convenience stores nationwide are offering an exclusive combo deal on Qiaolezi Ice Cream and Sprite. The Deal:Buy any 2 Qiaolezi Ice Cream products (any flavor) and 1 can of Sprite (330ml), and get one extra Sprite free. How to Participate: 1. Find the “Summer Combo” sign at any partner store (including 7-Eleven, FamilyMart, and Lawson). 2.Pick your favorite Qiaolezi flavors — options include Classic Chocolate, Strawberry Swirl, and Mango Mochi. 3.Grab two cans of Sprite (one will be automatically discounted at checkout). 4.Scan the store’s loyalty QR code before payment to activate the offer. No paper coupon is needed. Bonus Reward: After purchasing the combo, upload a photo of your receipt to the official Qiaolezi WeChat mini-program before August 30th. The first 1,000 participants will receive a limited-edition summer fan (available in 4 colors). Terms & Conditions: 1.Offer valid while stocks last. 2.Cannot be combined with other promotions or student discounts. 3.Each customer can redeem the combo up to three times per day. 4.The free Sprite must be claimed at the time of the original purchase. 7．What do you need to do to get the extra free Sprite? A．Show a paper coupon from a newspaper. B．Scan the store’s loyalty QR code before paying. C．Buy three Qiaolezi ice creams instead of two. 8．What is the deadline to receive the limited-edition summer fan? A．August 25th B．August 30th C．July 15th 9．According to the promotion rules, which of the following is TRUE? A．The free Sprite can be taken on a separate day. B．A student can still use their student discount with this combo. C．You can get this deal three times on the same day. 【答案】7．B 8．B 9．C 【导语】主要介绍了全国连锁便利店夏日套餐上线，购两支巧乐滋加一罐雪碧即赠一罐雪碧，扫码核销，上传小票前一千名可得限定折扇，活动另有多项使用细则约束。 【详解】7．细节理解题。根据“How to Participate”部分“Scan the store’s loyalty QR code before payment to activate the offer. No paper coupon is needed.(在付款前扫描商店的会员二维码以激活优惠。不需要纸质优惠券)”可知，想要获得免费的雪碧，需要在付款前扫描商店的会员二维码。 8．细节理解题。根据“Bonus Reward”部分“After purchasing the combo, upload a photo of your receipt to the official Qiaolezi WeChat mini-program before August 30th. The first 1,000 participants will receive a limited-edition summer fan (available in 4 colors).(购买组合商品后，请在8月30日前将收据照片上传至官方Qiaolezi微信小程序。前1000名参与者将获得限量版夏季扇子（四种颜色可选）)”可知，获取限量版夏日风扇的截止日期是8月30日。 9．细节理解题。根据“Terms & Conditions”部分“Each customer can redeem the combo up to three times per day. (每位顾客每天最多可兑换三次该套餐)”可知，同一天内可以享受三次该优惠。 （2026·云南·三模）4 Bullet Train Journeys across China China is blazing a new future with its record-breaking bullet trains. These trains make crossing the country’s huge landmass accessible on a shorter visit. Silk Road Time:8 hours| Distance:690 miles Spanning Gansu’s northwest deserts, this high-speed journey traces ancient camel trails once used to trade silk and philosophy. Today, you can make the trip in days, exploring grand Buddha statues, night markets, temples, and sweeping landscapes. From Lanzhou, the train sails through the Hexi Corridor, passing Zhangye and Jiayuguan (Great Wall’s western end) — before reaching Dunhuang, home to giant dunes and the Mogao Caves, a priceless Buddhist art treasury. Tibetan Plateau Time: 20 hours| Distance:1,215 miles The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, technically the only non-high-speed train here, is an engineering wonder built on permafrost (冻土) across extreme terrain. Departing Xining, this overnight journey passes Qinghai Lake — China’ s largest — before crossing the Tibetan Plateau into the Himalayas, arriving next morning in Lhasa. Wintery Northeast Time: 4.5 hours| Distance: 771 miles This high-speed route shoots northeast from Beijing through the vast plains of Dongbei. You’ ll pass through Shenyang before reaching Harbin, a city with onion-domed churches, frozen rivers, and a mix of cultures including Chinese, Russian, Mongolian, etc. Time your journey for January/ February to catch the Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, where ice palaces glow with neon. Skyscrapers to Coast Time:4 hours| Distance:351 miles Board a bullet train in Hong Kong coastward. The route zips past fishing villages and river estuaries to Xiamen — a port city with 1850s architecture and sea views. Detour inland to explore Fujian’ s Tulou, a UNESCO site of circular Hakka clan houses made of packed earth and timber, some over 700 years old. 10．What can you do in Silk Road? A．Do some silk trade. B．Visit Buddhist temples. C．Explore ancient markets. D．View the whole Great Wall. 11．Which journey covers the longest distance? A．Silk Road. B．Tibetan Plateau. C．Wintery Northeast. D．Skyscrapers to Coast. 12．What do the last two journeys have in common? A．They pass through frozen rivers. B．They provide amazing sea views. C．They enjoy a mix of foreign cultures. D．They feature uniquely styled buildings. 【答案】10．B 11．B 12．D 【导语】文章介绍了中国四条高铁线路的旅程信息，包括所需时间、距离以及沿途的景点和特色。   【详解】10．细节理解题。根据“Silk Road”部分中“Today, you can make the trip in days, exploring grand Buddha statues, night markets, temples, and sweeping landscapes. (如今，你可以在几天内完成旅行，探索宏伟的佛像、夜市和寺庙和广阔的风景。)”可知，在丝绸之路旅程中你可以参观佛教寺庙。 11．细节理解题。根据各部分中的“Distance”信息可知，Tibetan Plateau部分的距离“Distance:1,215 miles (距离:1215英里)”是最长的。 12．细节理解题。根据“Wintery Northeast”部分“Harbin, a city with onion-domed churches (哈尔滨，一座拥有洋葱头圆顶教堂的城市)”和“Skyscrapers to Coast”部分“Xiamen — a port city with 1850s architecture (厦门——一座拥有19世纪50年代建筑风格的港口城市)”和“Fujian’s Tulou, a UNESCO site of circular Hakka clan houses (福建土楼——被联合国教科文组织列为客家家族圆形房屋遗址)”可知，两条线路都能看到风格独特的建筑。 （2026·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Generative AI (GenAI) has long been credited as the next industrial revolution, with global enterprise investment hitting $ 30-40 billion in recent years. Yet a groundbreaking 2025 report by MIT Technology Review reveals a cruel reality: this massive investment of money has failed to translate into visible value for the vast majority of organizations. The study, based on surveys of 1,200 enterprises and analysis of 300 real-world implementations (实施), introduces the concept of the “GenAI Divide” — a gap between the few firms that gain significant profits from their AI attempts and the majority that cannot. Taking industry as an example, the distinction is equally noticeable. An AI Market Disruption Index (ranging from 0 to 4), which measures factors like market share shifts and AI-native firm growth, paints a clear picture. Technology and media sectors lead the pack with scores of 3.8 and 3.2 respectively, while healthcare and energy are far behind. Some barriers can clearly explain the failure of most pilot firms, like lack of learning, adaptation capability and poor integration with existing routines. Fortunately, analyses suggest that key practices should be adopted to bridge the gap. Those companies may consider working together to increase success chances rather than develop individually. Moreover, applying adaptable systems, such as tools with persistent memory and timely feedback, is up to their urgent needs. 13．What is “GenAI Divide”? A．A technology-applying gap. B．An idea-introducing difference. C．A profit-gaining divide. D．An investment-making imbalance. 14．Which profits least from scaling AI? A．Technology. B．Media. C．Health care. D．Energy. 15．What is suggested regarding the GenAI Divide? A．Improving working efficiency. B．Partnering with each other. C．Receiving timely feedback. D．Making systems more adaptable. 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了GenAI的投资与价值转化现状、行业间的应用差异，以及缩小GenAI鸿沟的相关建议。 【详解】13．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The study, based on surveys of 1,200 enterprises and analysis of 300 real-world implementations, introduces the concept of the “GenAI Divide” — a gap between the few firms that gain significant profits from their AI attempts and the majority that cannot.(这项研究基于对1200家企业的调查以及对300个实际应用案例的分析，引入了“生成式人工智能差距”这一概念，即少数通过人工智能尝试获得显著利润的公司与大多数未能做到的公司之间的差距)”可知，“GenAI Divide”是盈利方面的差距。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Technology and media sectors lead the pack with scores of 3.8 and 3.2 respectively, while healthcare and energy are far behind.(科技行业与媒体行业得分分别为3.8和3.2，位居前列，而医疗保健和能源行业则远远落后)”以及图表信息可知，能源行业（Energy）得分最低，从人工智能规模化应用中获利最少。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fortunately, analyses suggest that key practices should be adopted to bridge the gap. Those companies may consider working together to increase success chances rather than develop individually.(幸运的是，分析表明应该采用关键做法来弥合差距。这些公司可以考虑合作以提高成功几率，而不是单独发展)”可知，文章针对GenAI鸿沟提出的建议是企业之间相互合作。 二、完形填空 （2026·天津河北·二模）The Oklahoma Academy girls’ basketball team had just secured what seemed like a historic championship. The locker room was 16 with the smell of sweat and the sound of wild cheers. However, in the middle of the loud celebration, Coach Brendan King couldn’t escape a growing 17 of worry. Deep down, he had a bad feeling that something wasn’t quite right. That night, while the rest of the town slept, King sat alone in his quiet house, watching the game video over and over. His eyes were 18 on the screen as he carefully started 19 every point with a heavy heart. Soon, his worst fear was painfully 20 : they had actually lost by a single point. In the chaos of the final quarter, a shot that clearly missed the hoop was 21 recorded as a basket by the scorekeeper. The sun rose on a difficult morning. The players arrived at the school gym still 22 , their faces bright with pride from the 23 night, completely unaware of what was coming until King 24 the news. The gym fell from laughter into shocked silence — a hard moment to watch. Admitting they weren’t the rightful winners was a bitter pill to 25 , because it meant giving up their big moment. Yet, honesty 26 more than the prize. Within minutes, the team reached a consensus (共识) that they would 27 the trophy (奖杯) and medals to Apache High School, the true winners. With the gold trophy sitting silently in his passenger seat, King began the long drive to Apache to set things 28 . When he arrived, Coach Amy admitted she had 29 the error during the game but was told the score was final. However, moved by King’s proof and his team’s amazing honesty, the league made a rare 30 to the rules. In the Apache gym, King finally 31 the medals. The Apache players, finally getting what they earned, were 32 for real this time, their faces wet with genuine tears of joy. We often think a 33 is something you can hold in your hands or see on the scoreboard. But the Academy team proved that the greatest win is the one you carry in your heart. It takes a special kind of 34 to admit mistakes and the grace to do what’s right, even when it 35 them the trophy. The Academy team lost the game, but by doing the right thing, they remained true to themselves and won something far greater than a trophy. 16．A．crowded B．associated C．equipped D．filled 17．A．dream B．sense C．chance D．picture 18．A．repaired B．glanced C．reflected D．fixed 19．A．collecting B．counting C．regulating D．achieving 20．A．confirmed B．acknowledged C．contradicted D．resolved 21．A．automatically B．regularly C．mistakenly D．informally 22．A．overjoyed B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．ashamed 23．A．following B．previous C．precious D．former 24．A．exchanged B．gathered C．broke D．invented 25．A．taste B．choose C．digest D．swallow 26．A．mattered B．benefited C．devoted D．required 27．A．gain B．return C．receive D．keep 28．A．direct B．correct C．straight D．plain 29．A．explained B．believed C．imagined D．noticed 30．A．attempt B．appointment C．exception D．appeal 31．A．put away B．took over C．handed over D．showed off 32．A．celebrating B．performing C．competing D．interviewing 33．A．victory B．reputation C．responsibility D．ambition 34．A．opportunity B．courage C．strength D．interest 35．A．pays B．values C．helps D．costs 【答案】 16．D 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】文章讲述篮球队误获冠军，教练发现计分错误后，全队坚守诚信主动归还奖杯，虽输掉虚名，却收获了品格与真正的胜利。 【详解】16．考查动词。句意：更衣室里充满汗水味和热烈的欢呼声。A. crowded拥挤；B. associated关联；C. equipped配备；D. filled充满。根据前文“championship”和后文“the smell of sweat and the sound of wild cheers”可知，屋内满是气味与胜利的欢呼声响，be filled with，为固定搭配表“充满”，符合语境。 17．考查名词。句意：但在喧闹的庆祝中，Brendan King教练心中生出愈发强烈的不安感。A. dream梦想；B. sense感觉；C. chance机会；D. picture画面。根据后文“Deep down, he had a bad feeling”可知，后文feeling与该空同义，指内心的预感、感受，sense符合语境。 18．考查动词。句意：他目光紧盯屏幕，心情沉重地仔细核对每一分比分。A. repaired修理；B. glanced瞥视；C. reflected反射；D. fixed修理，使固定。根据后文“watching the game video over and over”可知，教练反复回看录像、专注盯着画面，fix one’s eyes on，固定搭配，表示“紧盯”，符合语境。 19．考查动词。句意：他目光紧盯屏幕，心情沉重地仔细核对每一分比分。A. collecting收集；B. counting清点核算；C. regulating调节；D. achieving达成。根据后文“every point”以及核查赛事计分差错可知，教练是在逐分清点核算比分。 20．考查动词。句意：很快，他最担心的事不幸被证实：他们实际上以一分之差输了比赛。A. confirmed证实；B. acknowledged承认；C. contradicted反驳；D. resolved解决。根据后文“they had actually lost by a single point”可知，这里指教练的猜想得到事实印证，即担忧被证实，confirmed符合语境。 21．考查副词。句意：末节场面混乱中，一记明显未进筐的投篮被计分员错误记为有效得分。A. automatically自动地；B. regularly定期地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. informally非正式地。根据前文“they had actually lost by a single point”描述实际输了比赛、比分有误可知，这里指是计分出现差错，mistakenly符合语境。 22．考查形容词。句意：队员们抵达学校体育馆时依然欣喜若狂，脸上还洋溢着前一晚胜利带来的自豪光芒，完全没意识到即将发生什么，直到金宣布了消息。A. overjoyed狂喜的；B. relaxed放松的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“their faces bright with pride”以及语境可知，队员仍沉浸在夺冠的喜悦中，满心欢喜。 23．考查形容词。句意：队员们抵达学校体育馆时依然欣喜若狂，脸上还洋溢着前一晚胜利带来的自豪光芒，完全没意识到即将发生什么，直到金宣布了消息。A. following接下来的；B. previous先前的；C. precious珍贵的；D. former从前的。根据前文“The sun rose on a difficult morning”以及语境可知，夺冠发生在前一晚，即先前的夜晚。 24．考查动词。句意：队员们抵达学校体育馆时依然欣喜若狂，脸上还洋溢着前一晚胜利带来的自豪光芒，完全没意识到即将发生什么，直到金教练宣布了消息。A. exchanged交换；B. gathered聚集；C. broke透露、公布；D. invented编造。根据后文“The gym fell from laughter into shocked silence”描述体育馆从欢笑陷入震惊沉默可知，教练公布了坏消息，break the news，为固定表达“公布消息”，符合语境。 25．考查动词。句意：承认他们并非正当的获胜者是一颗难以咽下的苦果，因为这意味着放弃他们辉煌的荣耀时刻。A. taste品尝；B. choose选择；C. digest消化；D. swallow忍受、咽下。根据后文“giving up their big moment”以及语境可知，要放弃荣耀很难接受，a bitter pill to swallow，固定习语，表“难以接受的事；不得不忍受的苦果”，符合语境。 26．考查动词。句意：然而，诚实比奖杯更重要。A. mattered重要；B. benefited受益；C. devoted奉献；D. required需要。根据后文“the trophy (奖杯) and medals to Apache High School, the true winners”描述球队主动归还奖杯、坚守本心可知，诚信远比奖品更重要，mattered符合语境。 27．考查动词。句意：全队很快达成共识，决定把奖杯和奖牌归还给真正的冠军阿帕奇高中。A. gain获得；B. return归还；C. receive接收；D. keep保留。根据后文“King began the long drive to Apache”可知，教练专程前往送还荣誉，所以这里指把奖杯和奖牌归还给真正的冠军。 28．考查形容词。句意：金教练带着奖杯，驱车前往阿帕奇高中把事情明确弄清楚。A. direct直接的；B. correct正确的；C. straight井井有条的；D. plain朴素的。根据前文“they had actually lost by a single point”描述发现计分错误可知，这里指要还原事实真相，set things straight，固定搭配“明确某事，把某事弄清楚”，符合语境。 29．考查动词。句意：他赶到时，埃米教练承认她在比赛中就已经注意到了这个错误，但被告知比分已是最终结果。A. explained解释；B. believed相信；C. imagined想象；D. noticed注意到。根据后文“but was told the score was final”可知，埃米教练早已察觉出错，却被告知比分已定。 30．考查名词。句意：然而，被金的证据和他团队令人动容的诚实所打动，联赛组委会破例对规则做出了罕见的例外处理。A. attempt尝试；B. appointment约定；C. exception例外；D. appeal呼吁。根据后文“The Apache players, finally getting what they earned”描述阿帕奇高中获得荣誉可知，这里指联赛组委会打破常规认可真实结果，make an exception，为固定搭配，表“破例”，符合语境。 31．考查动词短语。句意：在阿帕奇高中的体育馆里，金教练最终移交了奖牌。A. put away收好；B. took over接管；C. handed over移交；D. showed off炫耀。根据后文“The Apache players, finally getting what they earned”可知，这里指把奖牌移交给对方队伍。 32．考查动词。句意：阿帕奇队的队员们终于拿到了他们应得的荣誉，这次是真正地在庆祝，脸上流淌着真挚的喜悦泪水。A. celebrating庆祝；B. performing表演；C. competing竞赛；D. interviewing采访。根据后文“genuine tears of joy”以及语境可知，队员喜极而泣，是在真诚庆祝胜利。 33．考查名词。句意：我们常以为胜利是握在手中、或是能在记分牌上看到的东西。A. victory胜利；B. reputation名声；C. responsibility责任；D. ambition抱负。根据后文“But the greatest win is the one you carry in your heart”以及语境可知，其中win与该空同义复现，指代胜利，victory符合语境。 34．考查名词。句意：承认错误需要一种特别的勇气，而坚持做正确的事需要风度，即便这会让他们失去奖杯。A. opportunity机会；B. courage勇气；C. strength力量；D. interest兴趣。根据前文“the team reached a consensus (共识) that they would 　　　 the trophy (奖杯) and medals to Apache High School, the true winners.”描述主动放弃虚假冠军、坦然认错可知，这需要非凡的勇气。 35．考查动词。句意：承认错误需要一种特别的勇气，而坚持做正确的事需要风度，即便这会让他们失去奖杯。A. pays付出；B. values珍视；C. helps帮助；D. costs使付出代价、使失去。根据后文“them the trophy”以及语境可知。这里指球队丢掉奖杯却守住品格，cost sb. sth.，表示“使某人失去某物”，符合语境。 （2026·内蒙古赤峰·三模）Howard transformed a dying 110-year-old tree, which had stood in her yard since her family bought the house, into a magical library. Although the tree needed to come down, Howard says she had a hard time 36 . One day, after a branch dropped, the end 37 arrived. However, she was unwilling to 38 the stump (树桩) entirely. “What if we turned it into one of those Little Free Libraries?” she wondered, 39 a tree library. The Little Free Library is a movement to promote literacy and community with the 40 of “take a book, share a book”. Howard had long 41 the movement. Seeing the hollow (空的) stump as a perfect opportunity, she started her project. She 42 a box inside the stump. That box became the functional part of the library, into which shelving and books were ultimately placed. The finished stump 43 a wooden roof, a lamp, and a door. When Howard shared her 44 on Facebook, local media quickly 45 the story, followed by national outlets. Since then, visitors have arrived, with people often waiting their turn to 46 this library. Howard works at a library. For her, the little library was a(n) 47 of her job. She is 48 to share her love of reading. Reflecting on the 49 , she says, “Little Free Libraries 50 people to experience the surprise of finding something to read.” 36．A．letting go B．holding on C．getting over D．making believe 37．A．quietly B．finally C．naturally D．dramatically 38．A．sell B．burn C．remove D．transport 39．A．judging B．guessing C．picturing D．understanding 40．A．will B．faith C．insight D．concept 41．A．founded B．admired C．monitored D．discovered 42．A．fitted B．repaired C．exchanged D．measured 43．A．restored B．improved C．featured D．illustrated 44．A．creation B．product C．research D．discovery 45．A．made up B．picked up C．took down D．passed down 46．A．check B．report C．explore D．decorate 47．A．praise B．reward C．investment D．extension 48．A．curious B．serious C．patient D．passionate 49．A．project B．outcome C．challenge D．adventure 50．A．urge B．allow C．force D．qualify 【答案】 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．D 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文主要讲述Howard将自家院子里的一个老树桩改造成一个神奇的小型免费图书馆的故事。 【详解】36．考查动词短语。句意：尽管这棵树必须被砍倒，但Howard表示自己还是很难割舍掉它。A. letting go放开，舍弃；B. holding on抓牢，继续；C. getting over克服；D. making believe假装。结合前文“Although the tree needed to come down”表达的让步关系以及后文“she was unwilling to _______ the stump (树桩) entirely.”可知，Howard对于砍树很不舍。 37．考查副词。句意：有一天，当一根树枝掉落下来后，结局最终到来了。A. quietly安静地；B. finally最后；C. naturally自然地；D. dramatically戏剧性地。根据前文“after a branch dropped”可知，最终树被砍倒。 38．考查动词。句意：然而，她并不愿意将树桩完全清除掉。A. sell售卖；B. burn燃烧；C. remove移除；D. transport运输。根据下文“What if we turned it into one of those Little Free Libraries?”可知，Howard想把树桩变成图书馆，故此处指她不愿意将树桩完全清除掉。 39．考查动词。句意：“要是把它改造成那种‘免费图书角’式的设施该多好呢？”她思索着，脑海中浮现出一个树上图书馆的画面。A. judging评价；B. guessing猜测；C. picturing想象，设想；D. understanding理解。根据前文“‘What if we turned it into one of those Little Free Libraries?’ she wondered”可知，此处是设想阶段。 40．考查名词。句意：“小型免费图书馆”是一个旨在促进阅读和社区建设的活动，其理念是“取走一本书，分享一本书”。A. will意志；B. faith信念；C. insight见解；D. concept概念。根据后文“take a book, share a book”可知，这是图书馆的理念。 41．考查动词。句意：Howard一直很欣赏这一运动。A. founded建立；B. admired欣赏；C. monitored监视；D. discovered发现。后文“Seeing the hollow (空的) stump as a perfect opportunity, she started her project. (看到这个空心树桩是个绝佳的契机，她便开始了自己的项目。)”提到她效仿该运动，推知她一直很欣赏这个运动。 42．考查动词。句意：她在树桩里放了一个盒子。A. fitted装进，安装；B. repaired修理；C. exchanged交换；D. measured测量。根据上文“the hollow (空的) stump”可知，此处指她在空的树桩里放一个盒子。 43．考查动词。句意：这个完工后的树桩顶部有一个木质屋顶、一盏灯和一扇门。A. restored修复；B. improved提高，改善；C. featured以……为特色，以……为主要组成；D. illustrated说明，解释。结合空后“a wooden roof, a lamp, and a door”可知，此处是描述完工后的树桩的构造。 44．考查名词。句意：当Howard将她的作品发布在脸书上后，当地媒体迅速报道了此事，随后全国性的媒体也进行了跟进报道。A. creation创造，作品；B. product产品；C. research研究；D. discovery发现。结合上文“The finished stump”可知，此处指她装饰完工后的树桩这一作品。 45．考查动词短语。句意：同上。A. made up编造，构成；B. picked up发现，报道；C. took down取下；D. passed down传下去。根据后文“followed by national outlets”可知，此处指当地媒体迅速报道了此事。 46．考查动词。句意：从那以后，陆续有游客前来参观，人们常常会耐心等待轮到自己来探索这座图书馆。A. check检查；B. report报道；C. explore探索；D. decorate装饰。根据前文“visitors have arrived”和后文“this library”可知，此处指人们来探索这个图书馆。 47．考查名词。句意：对她而言，这个小小的图书馆就是她工作的延伸场所。A. praise表扬；B. reward回报；C. investment投资；D. extension延伸。根据上文“Howard works at a library.”可知，Howard在图书馆工作，这个小型图书馆是她工作的延伸。 48．考查形容词。句意：她热衷于分享自己对阅读的热爱。A. curious好奇的；B. serious严肃的；C. patient耐心的；D. passionate热情的。结合上文提到Howard在图书馆工作并打造小型免费图书馆可知，她热衷于分享自己对阅读的热爱。 49．考查名词。句意：她这样说道：“回顾这个项目，我认为‘小型免费图书馆’能让人们体验到发现一本好书所带来的惊喜。”A. project项目；B. outcome结果；C. challenge挑战；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“she started her project”可知，此处是project的词汇复现。 50．考查动词。句意：同上。A. urge敦促；B. allow允许，使可能；C. force强迫；D. qualify使具有资格。结合主语“Little Free Libraries”以及空后“people to experience the surprise of finding something to read”可知，此处指‘小型免费图书馆’能让人们体验到发现一本好书所带来的惊喜。 （2026·上海·二模）A new study has found that bumblebees can process the duration of light flashes and use this information to find food. This is the 51 evidence of such an ability in insects, according to Elisabetta Versace from Queen Mary University of London. Versace told CNN that the finding could settle a long-standing debate among scientists about whether insects are able to process complex patterns, as many experts previously 52 their cognitive (认知) abilities. “In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility,” Versace explained. To test their idea and prove that bees could process time-related information, the researchers built a(n) 53 designed maze (迷宫) where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food. In the maze, the bees were shown two distinct 54 clues: one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds. When the bees approached these 55 circles, they found sweet, preferred food at one and bitter, unwanted food at the other. Even though the circles’ positions changed in each part of the maze, the bees gradually learned over time to fly toward the 56 flash, which was consistently linked to the sweet food. To 57 the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all. They found that the bees could still tell the circles apart based 58 on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape. “This shows the bees are 59 using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices,” she said. Versace noted that the bees’ ability to use such novel stimuli—flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment — to solve tasks flexibly is truly 60 . “This finding makes perfect sense, as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the 61 of returning to the nest,” she said. The study also found that bumblebees are among a small group of animals, including humans and pigeons, that can 62 between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code, where short and long signals represent different letters. While the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind bees’ 63 ability remain unclear, the team plans to investigate them further in future research. They also aim to study bees living freely in colonies rather than individually, and explore why some bees learn to 64 time duration faster than others. The findings 65 the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines. Besides, they highlight bees’ complex cognition and offer new insights into how animals perceive time. 51．A．direct B．first C．concrete D．physical 52．A．developed B．possessed C．demonstrated D．underestimated 53．A．abstractly B．carefully C．complexly D．conventionally 54．A．visual B．verbal C．potential D．important 55．A．dark B．wide C．complete D．respective 56．A．short B．bright C．sudden D．complete 57．A．allow for B．look into C．rule out D．open up 58．A．typically B．simply C．specially D．purposefully 59．A．actually B．accidentally C．maximumly D．casually 60．A．unique B．doubtful C．remarkable D．measurable 61．A．fees B．rates C．costs D．losses 62．A．shift B．range C．alternate D．distinguish 63．A．food-seeking B．time-setting C．time-judging D．food-processing 64．A．assess B．reduce C．invest D．combine 65．A．convey B．develop C．explore D．challenge 【答案】 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．C 61．C 62．D 63．C 64．A 65．D 【导语】研究发现大黄蜂可凭借闪光时长辨别信号、指导觅食，拥有判断时间的认知能力，颠覆了蜜蜂仅靠本能行事的传统认知。 【详解】51．考查形容词。句意：据伦敦玛丽女王大学的伊丽莎白·韦尔萨奇博士称，这是昆虫具备这种能力的首个证据。A. direct直接的；B. first首次的；C. concrete具体的；D. physical身体的。前文提到一项新研究发现大黄蜂能处理闪光时长并借此觅食，后文提及此前科学界长期存在争议，说明这是首次发现昆虫有该能力。 52．考查动词。句意：韦尔萨奇告诉美国有线电视新闻网，这一发现有望平息科学界长期以来关于昆虫能否处理复杂模式的争论，因为许多专家此前低估了它们的认知能力。A. developed发展；B. possessed拥有；C. demonstrated展示；D. underestimated低估。由后文“In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility”人们曾认为昆虫只是简单的反射机器、毫无灵活性可知，专家以往低估了昆虫认知水平。 53．考查副词。句意：为验证猜想并证明蜜蜂能够处理与时间相关的信息，研究人员搭建了一个精心设计的迷宫，大黄蜂离开巢穴觅食时会在其中穿行。A. abstractly抽象地；B. carefully精心地；C. complexly复杂地；D. conventionally传统地。根据后文“designed maze (迷宫)where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food”可知，实验用的迷宫是科研人员为实验专门精心设计的。 54．考查形容词。句意：在迷宫中，研究人员向蜜蜂展示了两种截然不同的视觉线索：一个圆圈短暂闪烁0.5秒，另一个闪烁时长更长，为5秒。A. visual视觉的；B. verbal言语的；C. potential潜在的；D. important重要的。根据后文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds”可知，闪光圆圈属于视觉上的信号线索。 55．考查形容词。句意：当蜜蜂靠近这些各自对应的圆圈时，它们会在其中一处找到喜爱的甜食，在另一处吃到不想要的苦味食物。A. dark黑暗的；B. wide宽阔的；C. complete完整的；D. respective各自的。根据上文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”可知，此处指两个不同时长、各自对应的闪光圆圈。 56．考查形容词。句意：尽管在迷宫的不同区域，这些圆圈的位置有所变化，但随着时间的推移，蜜蜂逐渐学会了朝着“短暂的闪光”方向飞行，而这种短暂的闪光总是与美味的食物相关联。A. short短的；B. bright明亮的；C. sudden突然的；D. complete完整的。前文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”给出0.5秒短闪光和5秒长闪光两组对比，蜜蜂记住短闪光对应美食。 57．考查动词短语。句意：为排除蜜蜂依靠看见或闻到甜食的可能性，韦尔萨奇及其团队随后在完全不放置食物的情况下测试蜜蜂的行为。A. allow for考虑到；B. look into调查；C. rule out排除；D. open up开启。根据后文“the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all”可知，科研人员做无食物测试是为排除其他干扰因素。 58．考查副词。句意：他们发现蜜蜂仍然能够仅仅依据闪光时长区分圆圈，而非依靠颜色、形状等其他潜在线索。A. typically典型地；B. simply仅仅；C. specially特别地；D. purposefully有意地。根据后文“on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape”指实验证明蜜蜂只凭借闪光时长判断，无其他辅助线索。 59．考查副词。句意：“这表明蜜蜂实际上是利用闪光之间的时差来决定寻找食物的方向的。”她说道。A. actually实际上；B. accidentally意外地；C. maximumly最大程度地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices”可知，实验结果证实蜜蜂确实依靠时间差做选择，actually表实际情况。 60．考查形容词。句意：韦尔萨奇指出，蜜蜂能够利用这种在自然环境中从未接触过的新奇闪光刺激灵活完成任务，这一点着实令人瞩目。A. unique独特的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. remarkable显著的、引人瞩目的；D. measurable可测量的。根据上文“flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment—to solve tasks flexibly”可知，昆虫具备这种特殊认知能力是很了不起、值得关注的。 61．考查名词。句意：这一发现合乎情理，因为蜜蜂觅食时必须合理把控时间，以求收益最大化，并减少归巢的损失。A. fees费用；B. rates比率；C. costs成本；D. losses损失。根据上文“as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the”可知，蜜蜂高效把控觅食时间可降低归巢途中的损耗与损失。 62．考查动词。句意：该研究还发现，大黄蜂与人类、鸽子等少数动物一样，能够区分短闪光和长闪光，人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，长短信号代表不同字母。A. shift转移；B. range涵盖；C. alternate交替；D. distinguish区分。根据后文“between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code”可知，大黄蜂能够区分短闪光和长闪光，人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，distinguish between为固定搭配，意为区分两者。 63．考查形容词。句意：尽管蜜蜂这种判断时间的能力背后的神经机制尚不清楚，但该团队计划在未来研究中进一步探究。A. food-seeking觅食的；B. time-setting定时的；C. time-judging判时的；D. food-processing食物处理的。根据上文“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices”以及全文核心是蜜蜂判断闪光时长、感知时间的能力。 64．考查动词。句意：他们还计划研究群居而非独居的蜜蜂，并探究为何有些蜜蜂能更快学会评估时间长短。A. assess评估、判断；B. reduce减少；C. invest投资；D. combine结合。根据后文“time duration faster than others”可知，此处指蜜蜂学习判断、评估时间时长。 65．考查动词。句意：这些研究结果挑战了长久以来认为蜜蜂只是受本能驱使的机器这一观点。A. convey传达；B. develop发展；C. explore探索；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines”以及新研究证明蜜蜂有复杂认知，颠覆了以往固有看法，即挑战旧观点。 三、语法填空 （2026·北京大兴·三模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For many years, scientists 66 (know) that wild pigs in Germany have a unique problem that is both a mystery and something of a 67 (threaten). In short, a significant portion of the German wild boar (野猪) population — more than 1 in 3 in certain locals is radioactive. This is particularly concerning in places like Bavaria, Germany, 68 wild boar meat is a popular form of game meat. 【答案】66．have known 67．threat 68．where 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了德国野猪群体受到放射性污染这一独特问题。 【详解】66．考查时态。句意：多年来，科学家们已经知道德国的野猪有一个独特的问题，这既是一个谜，也是一种威胁。根据时间状语For many years可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时；主语scientists为复数，谓语动词用复数形式have known。 67．考查名词。句意同上。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处需用名词单数形式；threaten的名词形式为threat，意为“威胁”。 68．考查定语从句。句意：这在德国巴伐利亚等地尤其令人担忧，在那里野猪肉是一种受欢迎的野味。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为places like Bavaria, Germany，表示地点，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。 （25-26高三下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the heart of Milan, just steps from the Brera Gallery, a restaurant is drawing locals with an unexpected combination: Chinese dishes paired with Italian wine. At ZioZio, many Italian food enthusiasts are discovering the unique flavors of Sichuan-style cuisine, 69 (know) for its bold, spicy dishes influenced by the region’s climate and use of Sichuan peppers. Diners are often surprised when they find 70 perfectly these rich flavors are paired with Italian wines, creating a unique balance 71 Eastern cuisine and Western wine. Founders Wang Haoran and Zeng Xiaotang, both art 72 (graduate) with backgrounds in music and design, wanted to create a restaurant that would connect with the local community. “By pairing Chinese dishes with the red wines Italians love, we hope to inspire 73 (curious) and introduce people to the diversity of China’s regional food cultures,” they say. Their concept is well-received by Milan’s locals. “Since several years ago, more authentic Chinese cuisines 74 (appear) in Italy and Europe, offering greater variety and cultural experiences that people 75 (true) appreciate,” says regular customer Gianluca Corrias. ZioZio’s space of 15 square meters is filled with lively talk of locals. Some guests drop by after work 76 (enjoy) wine with braised beef and bamboo shoots, while others stay and chat with friends. On the Mid-Autumn Day last year, Wang and Zeng 77 (prepare) mooncakes, inviting Italian customers to taste 78 traditional Chinese dessert and learn about its symbolism of family reunion and happiness. 【答案】 69．known 70．how 71．between 72．graduates 73．curiosity 74．have appeared/have been appearing 75．truly 76．to enjoy 77．prepared 78．the 【导语】本文介绍了位于米兰市中心的ZioZio餐厅，它将中国川菜与意大利葡萄酒相结合，吸引了当地食客。 【详解】69．考查非谓语动词。句意：在ZioZio餐厅，许多意大利美食爱好者正在发现川菜的独特风味，川菜以其浓郁、辛辣的菜肴而闻名，这些菜肴受到该地区气候和花椒使用的影响。句中已有谓语动词are discovering，此处应用非谓语动词。Sichuan-style cuisine与know之间是被动关系，即川菜被人们知晓，所以用过去分词known作后置定语，修饰Sichuan-style cuisine，be known for意为“因……而闻名”。 70．考查宾语从句。句意：当食客们发现这些浓郁的味道与意大利葡萄酒搭配得如此完美，在东方美食和西方葡萄酒之间创造出一种独特的平衡时，他们常常感到惊讶。此处为宾语从句，作find的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，根据语境，此处表示“多么完美地搭配”，强调程度，所以用连接副词how引导。 71．考查介词。句意：当食客们发现这些浓郁的味道与意大利葡萄酒搭配得如此完美，在东方美食和西方葡萄酒之间创造出一种独特的平衡时，他们常常感到惊讶。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，此处表示在东方美食和西方葡萄酒之间。 72．考查名词复数。句意：创始人王浩然和曾晓堂都是艺术专业毕业生，有着音乐和设计背景，他们想创建一家能与当地社区建立联系的餐厅。根据主语“Wang Haoran and Zeng Xiaotang”可知，此处表示两个人，graduate作“毕业生”讲时为可数名词，所以用复数形式graduates。 73．考查名词。句意：他们说：“通过将中国菜肴与意大利人喜爱的红葡萄酒搭配，我们希望激发人们的好奇心，并向人们介绍中国地方饮食文化的多样性。”根据空前的inspire可知，此处应用名词作宾语，curious的名词形式为curiosity，意为“好奇心”，是不可数名词。 74．考查动词时态。句意：常客吉安卢卡·科里亚斯说：“自从几年前以来，更多正宗的中国美食出现在意大利和欧洲，提供了更多样化的选择和文化体验，深受人们的喜爱。”根据时间状语“Since several years ago”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”；也可理解为从过去持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been +现在分词”。主语more authentic Chinese cuisines是复数，所以用have appeared或have been appearing。 75．考查副词。句意：常客吉安卢卡·科里亚斯说：“自从几年前以来，更多正宗的中国美食出现在意大利和欧洲，提供了更多样化的选择和文化体验，深受人们的喜爱。”此处修饰动词appreciate，应用副词truly，意为“真正地”。 76．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些客人下班后顺道来品尝红烧牛肉和竹笋配葡萄酒，而另一些人则留下来和朋友聊天。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示下班后顺道来餐厅的目的是品尝葡萄酒，所以用to enjoy。 77．考查动词时态。句意：去年中秋节，王和曾准备了月饼，邀请意大利顾客品尝这种传统的中国甜点，并了解其象征家庭团聚和幸福的意义。根据时间状语“On the Mid-Autumn Day last year”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，prepare的过去式为prepared。 78．考查冠词。句意：去年中秋节，王和曾准备了月饼，邀请意大利顾客品尝这种传统的中国甜点，并了解其象征家庭团聚和幸福的意义。此处特指上文提到的月饼这种传统中国甜点，所以用定冠词the。 拔高·阅读演练 （2026·浙江·三模）The Amazon rainforest may be shifting from a massive carbon sink to a net carbon emitter. Since 1985, human activity has destroyed more than 10% of the Amazon's forest cover, releasing substantial amounts of CO2 previously sequestered in trees and soil. Deforestation through fires releases 1.5 billion tonnes of CO2 annually, driving climate warming. Vegetation changes alter atmospheric composition, surface reflectivity, and cloud properties, which can either intensify or slow warming.  The replacement of dark forest cover by brighter grasses increases  surface reflectivity, leading to more reflection of solar radiation, though weaker than in snow-covered regions. Among these, how clouds respond to forest loss remains the least understood. Previous studies on cloud cover yielded conflicting results: some reported reductions after deforestation, while others reported increases. This difference arises from strong regional and seasonal variations. Notably, prior studies examined long-term associations rather than immediate deforestation impacts such as fire aerosols. To resolve this, Dror and Feingold analyzed two decades of MODIS and CERES satellite data, comparing deforested regions with nearby undisturbed areas. Their findings reveal that cloud cover rises systematically with deforestation year-round,peaking during the dry season. In areas where forest loss surpassed 50%, cloud cover grew by 3.1% on average,reaching 5.1% in the most heavily cleared zones. Moreover, cloud tops sat at lower altitudes over cleared lands. These low-altitude clouds enhanced reflection of incoming solar radiation rather than trapping outgoing heat. The resulting cooling effect from this cloud increase proved at least twice as strong as that from surface reflectivity changes alone. While increased cloudiness thus reduces part of the CO2-driven warming, other factors like non-CO2 greenhouse gases remain uncertain. and aerosols such as methane and ozone remain uncertain, with either warming or cooling effects through complex pathways. Current evidence suggests that even combined biophysical effects cannot fully cancel out the warming. Therefore, maintaining and restoring Amazon forest cover remains essential for climate protection. 1．What does the underlined word“sequestered” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Stored. B．Produced. C．Released. D．Transformed. 2．How did Dror and Feingold carry out their study? A．By measuring CO2 levels in heavily cleared forest areas. B．By conducting ground surveys of vegetation in Amazon areas. C．By analyzing seasonal rainfall patterns across Amazon regions. D．By comparing satellite data between cleared and undisturbed areas. 3．What accounts for the stronger cooling effect over cleared lands? A．Greater ground reflectivity from grasses. B．More trapping of outgoing heat by low clouds. C．Higher altitude of cloud tops over cleared lands. D．Lower cloud tops reflecting more solar radiation. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Cloud feedback alone stabilizes climate. B．Future drying will enhance cloud cooling. C．Biophysical factors lead to ineffective results. D．Forest restoration is essential despite partial cooling. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍亚马孙雨林正从碳汇逐渐转变为碳排放源，阐述了毁林带来的气候变化、地表及云层变化，通过科研数据说明森林减少导致云层变化产生的降温效果，并指出该降温作用无法抵消整体气候变暖，强调保护和修复亚马孙雨林的重要性。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Since 1985, human activity has destroyed more than 10% of the Amazon's forest cover, releasing substantial amounts of CO2 previously sequestered in trees and soil(自1985年以来，人类活动已经破坏了亚马逊森林覆盖面积的10%以上，释放大量原本sequestered在树木和土壤中的二氧化碳)”可知，树木和土壤原本具备储存二氧化碳的作用，砍伐森林使得储存的二氧化碳被释放，sequestered意为“储存”。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“To resolve this, Dror and Feingold analyzed two decades of MODIS and CERES satellite data, comparing deforested regions with nearby undisturbed areas(为了解决这个问题，Dror和Feingold分析了二十年的卫星数据，对比森林砍伐区域与附近未受干扰区域)”可知，两位研究者通过对比采伐区和未采伐区的卫星数据开展研究。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover, cloud tops sat at lower altitudes over cleared lands. These low-altitude clouds enhanced reflection of incoming solar radiation rather than trapping outgoing heat.(此外，采伐区域的云顶高度更低，这些低空云层能够更好地反射太阳辐射，而非截留热量)”可知，更低的云顶反射更多太阳辐射，形成更强的降温效果。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Current evidence suggests that even combined biophysical effects cannot fully cancel out the warming. Therefore, maintaining and restoring Amazon forest cover remains essential for climate protection(现有证据表明，即使综合所有生物物理效应也无法完全抵消气候变暖，因此维护和恢复亚马孙雨林对气候保护至关重要)”可知，即便云层能带来局部降温，修复雨林依旧必不可少。 （2026·浙江·三模）Within the scientific community, dreams are still something of a mystery. However, improvements in brain imaging and recent physiological studies have brought us one step closer to answering the question of why some people remember their dreams more than others. 5 Gender 6 Researchers arent exactly sure why, but Barrett says it could be a biological or hormonal difference. Barrett notes that differences between  men and women in regard to dream recall are“modest” and that there are greater differences within each gender than between the genders.Age As we get older, it often gets harder to recall our dreams. Your ability to remember dreams improves in late childhood and adolescence, and tends to peak in your twenties, Barrett says 7 However, there are exceptions,and people sometimes experience the opposite.Amount of sleep The amount of sleep one gets is one of the most important factors. 8 However, those rapid eye movement periods get longer throughout the night, meaning that you’re doing the most dreaming toward the morning generally right before you wake up.Brain activity Thanks to brain imaging, scientists now have a better idea of which parts of the brain are associated with dreaming. A part of the brain that processes information and emotions is more active in people who remember their dreams more often. 9 In turn, this may promote something called intrasleep (睡眠期间) wakefulness. If you don’t remember anything, Barrett says it's still helpful to assess how you feel when you first awaken. “Sometimes if you just stay with whatever emotion you woke up with,” she says, “a dream will come rushing back.” A．Dr. Deirdre Barrett shared a few of the factors. B．Women, on average, recall more dreams than men. C．So what can you do to help you remember your dreams? D．This region may help people pay more attention to external cues. E．Similarly, the “high recallers” tend to exhibit more brain activity. F．After that point, people often experience a gradual drop-off in dream recall. G．People dream every 90 minutes during the rapid eye movement sleep cycle. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．F 8．G 9．D 【导语】本文介绍了科学界对“为什么有些人比其他人更容易记住梦境”这一问题的研究进展，从性别、年龄、睡眠时间和大脑活动四个方面分析了影响梦境记忆的因素，并给出了帮助回忆梦境的小建议。 【详解】5．根据空前句“However, improvements in brain imaging and recent physiological studies have brought us one step closer to answering the question of why some people remember their dreams more than others.(然而，大脑成像技术的进步和近期的生理学研究让我们离解答“为什么有些人比其他人更容易记住梦境”这个问题更近了一步。)”以及下文四个小标题（Gender、Age、Amount of sleep、Brain activity）均为影响梦境记忆的因素可知，空处需起到承上启下的作用，引出下文的具体因素。A选项“迪尔德丽·巴雷特博士分享了其中几个因素。”完美衔接上下文，开启下文对各因素的介绍。 6．根据本段小标题“Gender(性别)”以及空后句“Researchers aren't exactly sure why, but Barrett says it could be a biological or hormonal difference.(研究人员并不完全确定原因，但巴雷特说这可能是生理或荷尔蒙差异导致的。)”可知，空处需说明性别差异在梦境记忆上的具体表现。B选项“平均而言，女性比男性记住更多的梦境。”符合本段主题，且空后句是对该现象原因的解释，逻辑连贯。 7． 根据本段小标题“Age(年龄)”以及空前句“Your ability to remember dreams improves in late childhood and adolescence, and tends to peak in your twenties, Barrett says.(巴雷特说，你记住梦境的能力在童年后期和青春期会提高，在二十多岁时达到顶峰。)”以及空后句“However, there are exceptions, and people sometimes experience the opposite.(然而，也有例外，有些人有时会经历相反的情况。)”可知，空处需说明二十多岁之后梦境记忆能力的变化趋势。F选项“在那之后，人们的梦境记忆能力通常会逐渐下降。”承接空前句的“peak in your twenties”，且空后句的转折符合逻辑。 8．根据本段小标题“Amount of sleep(睡眠时间)”以及空后句“However, those rapid eye movement periods get longer throughout the night, meaning that you're doing the most dreaming toward the morning generally right before you wake up.(然而，这些快速眼动期在夜间会变得越来越长，这意味着你在清晨——通常是醒来之前——做的梦最多。)”可知，空处需引出“快速眼动睡眠”与做梦的关系。G选项“人们在快速眼动睡眠周期中每90分钟做一次梦。”首次提到快速眼动睡眠，且空后句的“those rapid eye movement periods”指代该选项中的“rapid eye movement sleep cycle”，衔接紧密。 9．根据空前句“A part of the brain that processes information and emotions is more active in people who remember their dreams more often.(在经常记住梦境的人的大脑中，负责处理信息和情绪的区域更为活跃。)”以及空后句“In turn, this may promote something called intrasleep(睡眠期间) wakefulness.(反过来，这可能会促进一种叫做“睡眠中清醒”的状态。)”可知，空处需解释该大脑区域的活跃如何影响梦境记忆。D选项“这个区域可能帮助人们更多地关注外部线索。”中的“This region”指代空前句中的大脑区域，且空后句的“In turn”承接该选项内容，说明关注外部线索会促进睡眠中清醒，从而更容易记住梦境，逻辑链条完整。 （2026·浙江·三模）At 56, I am beginning to feel the physical effects of ageing. I won’t bore you with the details, but none of them is great fun. Yet researchers now suggest that one of the most damaging effects may not be physical at all. It may begin with how people come to see ageing itself. They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one’s own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them. Over time, they can become part of how people see themselves. Once that happens, behaviour may change: a person who expects decline may exercise less, pay less attention to diet, and treat every sign of weakness as proof of something worse. Research shows that internalised ageism can affect how people age. A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views. Crucially, researchers ruled out the simpler explanation — poor health did not simply cause pessimism. Instead, a person’s attitude at the  start predicted how their health changed over time. Becca Levy at YaleSchool of Public Health found further support: among people over 65 with mild memory problems, those with a positive outlook were far more likely to recover. Her research also shows that such negative thinking generates over three million extra disease cases in the US each year, at a combined cost of over eleven billion dollars. Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root. A partial answer exists. Research shows attitudes towards ageing can shift through positive messages. But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows. I’m not going to let it get me down. Instead, I’m going to try to make my own ageing process great fun. 10．What is the root cause of internalized ageism? A．Less attention to exercise and diet. B．Gradual loss of learning capability. C．Constant fear over physical decline. D．Repeated exposure to age prejudice. 11．What can we learn about ageing from the Harvard study? A．Attitude affects the rate of ageing. B．Pessimism results from faster ageing. C．Mindset alone defines ageing process. D．Healthy habits promise slower ageing. 12．Why is internalised ageism hard to change? A．Its roots take time to appear. B．It is backed by professionals. C．Its sources are widely varied. D．It is established as a social norm. 13．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Age Prejudice: A Long Battle for Society B．The Elderly: A Group Misunderstood by Society C．Social Messages: A Silent Force Behind Age Bias D．Negative Expectations: A Hidden Threat in Ageing 【答案】10．D 11．A 12．D 13．D 【导语】本文指出内化年龄歧视（即因年龄而对自身健康持有负面预期）是衰老过程中极具破坏性的隐藏威胁；研究表明积极的心态能延缓身心衰退，而负面思维会导致健康问题和巨大的社会成本；内化年龄歧视源于社会广泛传播的负面老年形象，虽然改变这种观念需要时间，但我们可以通过积极的态度让衰老过程变得更美好。 【详解】10．细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one's own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them.(他们称之为内化年龄歧视：仅仅因为年龄就对自身健康持有负面预期的倾向。当老年人反复被认为行动迟缓、健忘或没有学习能力时，这些观念并不总是停留在他们的外部。)”以及第四段第一句“Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals.(然而，内化年龄歧视并非仅仅源于内心。关于老年人的负面形象通过媒体、广告甚至医疗专业人员的建议传播开来。)”可知，内化年龄歧视的根本原因是反复接触年龄偏见。 11． 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views.(哈佛大学的一项研究发现，心态最积极的老年人比心态最消极的老年人身心衰退速度更慢，且能保持更健康的习惯。)”可知，态度会影响衰老的速度。 12．推理判断题。根据第四段“Yet internalised ageism doesn't just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root.(然而，内化年龄歧视并非仅仅源于内心。关于老年人的负面形象通过媒体、广告甚至医疗专业人员的建议传播开来。因为这些信息在日常生活中显得如此自然，所以很少有人质疑它们。当大多数人注意到它们的时候，它们已经根深蒂固了。)”以及第五段第二句“But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows.(但改变根深蒂固的观念需要几代人的时间，正如反对种族偏见的长期斗争所表明的那样。)”可知，内化年龄歧视难以改变是因为它已经成为一种被广泛接受的社会规范。 13．主旨大意题。全文围绕“内化年龄歧视”展开，指出它是衰老过程中极具破坏性的隐藏威胁，分析了其成因、危害和应对方法。D项“负面预期：衰老中的隐藏威胁”最能概括文章主旨。 （2026·浙江·二模）The storied, celebrated Alcatraz and Black Point Historic Gardens in Golden Gate National Recreation Area owe their charm to skilled Parks Conservancy gardeners and dedicated volunteers. Now you can apply their national park expertise to your own backyard!Top Winter Gardening & Planting Tips for the San Francisco Bay Area ● Resist working in the garden on a rainy day — air pockets are a very important part of the recipe for healthy soil and plants, and working in your garden when it’s very wet will firm your soil. ● Double check your seedling identification during weeding! Desired plants can look similar to invasive weeds during their seedling stage. ● Keep fallen leaves on the ground. They provide important shelter for butterflies and moths in the winter, and keep the soil covered and protected through the season. ● See if there’s a way to install a rainwater catchment into your garden. ● Make notes now of how your garden did this year — what plants did well, what struggled, what you’d like to try for next year. Recommended California Native Plants Plant native wildflowers and perennials (多年生植物); they’re perfectly adapted to our local climate and support our native ecosystems. If you plant them with the winter rains, they’ll be strong and need minimal care throughout the rest of the year. Some of our favorite native plants for the garden include: Clarkia “Farewell to Spring,” Baby Blue Eyes, Globe Gilia, Ceanothus “Yankee Point,” Coyote Mint, California Fuchsia, Yarrow, Heuchera maxima, Douglas Iris, and of course California Poppy.Get Involved Ready to take your newfound skills to the parks? No matter the season, Black Point Historic Gardens needs extra hands and volunteering support, or you can become a guide on Alcatraz. Trowels up, in the parks and at home! 14．What can we learn from the winter gardening tips? A．Garden growth need not be recorded. B．Fallen leaves ought to be cleared away. C．Working in wet soil helps keep soil loose. D．Weed carefully to protect desired seedlings. 15．What is the advantage of planting California native plants? A．They demand less care in later growth. B．They fit in well with the local climate. C．They needn’t match local ecosystem. D．They grow much faster than other plants. 16．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A local gardening newsletter. B．A home decoration magazine. C．A national park research paper. D．A travel brochure of scenic spots. 【答案】14．D 15．B 16．A 【导语】本文是一篇面向旧金山湾区居民的冬季家庭园艺指导文章，教你怎么在冬天打理后院花园，推荐种本地原生植物，同时也在为当地国家公园招志愿者。 【详解】14．细节理解题。根据Top Winter Gardening & Planting Tips for the San Francisco Bay Area部分“Double check your seedling identification during weeding! Desired plants can look similar to invasive weeds during their seedling stage.(在除草时要再次确认你的幼苗种类！在幼苗阶段，目标植物和入侵杂草可能会长得非常相似。)”可知，要仔细除草，以保护想要的幼苗。 15．细节理解题。根据Recommended California Native Plants部分的“Plant native wildflowers and perennials (多年生植物); they’re perfectly adapted to our local climate and support our native ecosystems.(种植本地的野生花卉和多年生植物；它们非常适合我们当地的气候，能够支持我们当地的生态系统。)”可知，种植加州本土植物的优势是它们十分适应当地的气候。 16．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The storied, celebrated Alcatraz and Black Point Historic Gardens in Golden Gate National Recreation Area owe their charm to skilled Parks Conservancy gardeners and dedicated volunteers. Now you can apply their national park expertise to your own backyard!(金门国家休闲区中久负盛名、备受赞誉的恶魔岛和黑角历史花园，其魅力归功于技艺精湛的公园保护协会园丁和敬业的志愿者。现在，您可以将他们的国家公园专业知识应用到您自己的后院了！)”可知，本文是一篇面向旧金山湾区居民的冬季家庭园艺指导文章，教你怎么在冬天打理后院花园，推荐种本地原生植物，同时也在为当地国家公园招志愿者，很可能来自于本地园艺通讯。 （2026·浙江·二模）Small Talk: More Than Just Chit-Chat People often complain about small talk, describing it as “painful” or “dishonest”. 17 However, this common opinion fails to recognize the true value of small talk in our daily interactions. As a matter of fact, small talk serves as an essential social “safety zone”. 18 According to etiquette expert Lizzie Post, discussing light topics like hobbies or recent events establishes initial harmony. This foundation makes it easier to transition to more substantial conversations later, whether in a work setting or a new friendship. Some argue that small talk is boring, but this often reflects poor communication skills rather than a flaw in the activity itself. Effective small talk requires genuine engagement. 19 This means putting away your phone, making eye contact, and actively turning into the other person’s reactions. If they lean in and smile at a topic, you can explore it further; if they glance away or give short answers, politely shift to a new topic or invite them to share their own perspective. 20 During a two-hour flight, I began with simple talk about travel plans with my seatmate. Gradually, both of us felt more comfortable opening up to each other. This casual start eventually led to a meaningful discussion about life changes and personal growth. We reached this depth precisely because we started with accessible, low-pressure topics. Small talk isn’t about being superficial — it’s a practical social tool that facilitates human connection. 21 In fact, it smooths our daily social encounters and opens doors to deeper conversations that might never occur otherwise. Without these simple, everyday exchanges, our social interactions would feel much more awkward and less satisfying. A．Its value, however, is often overlooked. B．It demands full presence and careful observation of the other person. C．They generally claim it lacks depth and avoids meaningful topics. D．Consider this real-life example from my own experience. E．Good small talk depends on more than just the words you say. F．Without proper skills, small talk can feel shallow and forced. G．It creates a comfortable atmosphere before deep conversations begin. 【答案】17．C 18．G 19．B 20．D 21．A 【导语】文章主要阐述闲聊并非空谈，拥有重要社交价值。 【详解】17．上文“People often complain about small talk, describing it as “painful” or “dishonest”. (人们常常抱怨闲聊，称它令人煎熬或是虚情假意)”点明人们对闲聊的负面看法，下文“However, this common opinion fails to recognize the true value of small talk (然而这种普遍看法忽视了闲聊的真正价值)”转折引出闲聊的价值。空处延续人们的负面观点，C选项“They generally claim it lacks depth and avoids meaningful topics. (他们大多声称闲聊缺少深度、避开有意义的话题)”承接上文抱怨内容，和下文转折逻辑匹配。 18．上文“As a matter of fact, small talk serves as an essential social “safety zone”. (事实上闲聊是重要的社交安全区)”提出闲聊的作用，下文“According to etiquette expert Lizzie Post, discussing light topics like hobbies or recent events establishes initial harmony. This foundation makes it easier to transition to more substantial conversations later, whether in a work setting or a new friendship. (礼仪专家Lizzie Post表示，聊聊爱好、近期趣事这类轻松话题能初步营造融洽氛围。有了这份铺垫，日后无论是职场往来还是结交新朋友，都更容易过渡到更有实质内容的深入交谈)”举例说明闲聊铺垫融洽氛围、便于后续深入交谈。G选项“It creates a comfortable atmosphere before deep conversations begin. (它在深度对话开始前营造轻松氛围)”承接上文“safety zone”，引出下文铺垫交谈的具体作用。 19．上文“Effective small talk requires genuine engagement. (高质量闲聊需要真诚投入)”点明有效闲聊的要求，下文“This means putting away your phone, making eye contact, and actively turning into the other person’s reactions. (这意味着要收起你的手机，进行眼神交流，并积极关注对方的反应)”是对空处内容的具体解释。B选项“It demands full presence and careful observation of the other person. (它需要全身心投入、细心观察对方)”总领下文细节解释，符合语境。 20．下文“During a two-hour flight, I began with simple talk about travel plans with my seatmate. Gradually, both of us felt more comfortable opening up to each other. This casual start eventually led to a meaningful discussion about life changes and personal growth. (在一次两小时的航程中，我和邻座从聊聊出行计划这类简单闲谈开始。慢慢地，我们二人愈发放松，愿意向彼此敞开心扉。这场随性的开场白最终演变成一场关于人生变迁与个人成长的走心畅谈)”用第一人称叙述亲身经历。空处应是从理论转向实例的过渡句。D选项“Consider this real-life example from my own experience. (来看一段我亲身经历的实例)”总起整段事例内容，衔接上下文。 21．上文“Small talk isn’t about being superficial — it’s a practical social tool that facilitates human connection. (闲聊并非流于表面，是助力人际交往的实用社交工具)”点明闲聊的正面价值，下文“In fact, it smooths our daily social encounters and opens doors to deeper conversations that might never occur otherwise. (事实上，闲聊能让我们日常的社交往来变得顺畅，还为深入交流创造契机，倘若没有闲聊，这些深度对话原本无从发生)”进一步阐述其实际作用。空处应与上文正面论述形成对比，再由下文转折回正面。A选项“Its value, however, is often overlooked. (但它的价值常常被忽略)”转折衔接，既呼应开篇人们的偏见，又引出下文闲聊的实际用处。 二、完形填空 （2026·浙江·三模）True was a four-year-old boy. Born with heart disease requiring 22 , he spent his earliest years in foster (寄养) care. On his operation day at Children’s Nebraska hospital, True was admitted for the surgery by himself. That’s when Dr. Amy Beethe walked in. True’s 7-hour surgery made Amy keep thinking about the sweet little kid who was 23 it all by himself. Dr. Amy 24 True’s case worker and learned he had six siblings (兄弟姐妹), none of whom were doing well. Few families were willing to offer a 25 home for True considering his demanding medical needs. Then the social worker asked Amy: Are you a(n) 26 ? The answer was already in Amy’s heart. She was   27 a mom of six — three biological and three 28 . But she knew her family, and her heart, had 29 for one more. When Amy’s husband, Ryan, 30 True in the hospital, he immediately fell in love with him — and the 4-year-old   31 the Beethe family. Something even more 32 followed. The Beethes realized how close True was with his siblings, so Amy sought to find them foster homes to keep the kids 33 . Amy’s sister adopted one girl, her sister-in-law’s family adopted another, a coworker adopted two more, and Amy and Ryan opened their 34 and home again to adopt True’s sister Laney. The little boy 35 the hospital alone for heart surgery, but he left with a 36 — and a heart full of love. 22．A．transplant B．surgery C．protection D．consultation 23．A．talking about B．looking for C．going through D．showing off 24．A．supported B．recognized C．contacted D．identified 25．A．comfortable B．peaceful C．spacious D．permanent 26．A．option B．assistant C．doctor D．witness 27．A．currently B．naturally C．unfortunately D．obviously 28．A．confused B．adopted C．abandoned D．ignored 29．A．plans B．excuses C．room D．responsibility 30．A．followed B．admired C．treated D．met 31．A．helped B．called C．joined D．respected 32．A．complicated B．remarkable C．interesting D．strange 33．A．amused B．calmed C．educated D．connected 34．A．door B．mouths C．hearts D．hospital 35．A．entered B．explored C．changed D．survived 36．A．dream B．family C．souvenir D．lesson 【答案】 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 36．B 【导语】本文讲述了四岁的男孩True因心脏病独自住院手术，医生Amy得知他还有六个兄弟姐妹后，决定收养他，并动员亲友把其余孩子也分别收养。 【详解】22．考查名词。句意：他生来就患有心脏病，需要做手术，他早年是在寄养家庭度过的。A. transplant移植；B. surgery手术；C. protection保护；D. consultation咨询。根据后文“On his operation day at Children’s Nebraska hospital, True was admitted for the surgery by himself.”可知，他独自去做手术，因此他患有心脏病，需要做手术。 23．考查动词短语。句意：True长达7小时的手术让Amy一直惦记着那个独自经历这一切的可爱孩子。A. talking about谈论；B. looking for寻找；C. going through经历；D. showing off炫耀。根据前文“True was admitted for the surgery by himself”可知，True自己一个人去接受这个手术，故他是独自经历这一切的。 24．考查动词。句意：Amy医生联系了True的社工，得知他有六个兄弟姐妹，没有一个过得很好。A. supported支持；B. recognized认出；C. contacted联系；D. identified确认。根据后文“learned he had six siblings”可知，他从社工那里了解到True有六个兄弟姐妹，因此她需要先联系社工才能了解到这一信息。 25．考查形容词。句意：考虑到True复杂的医疗需求，很少有家庭愿意为他提供一个永久的家。A. comfortable舒适的；B. peaceful平静的；C. spacious宽敞的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文“he spent his earliest years in foster (寄养) care.”可知，住在寄宿家庭，且鉴于他生病这一事实，因此很少有家庭愿意为他提供一个永久的家。 26．考查名词。句意：然后社工问Amy：你是一个选择吗？A. option选择；B. assistant助理；C. doctor医生；D. witness证人。根据后文“The answer was already in Amy’s heart.”以及“When Amy’s husband, Ryan, True in the hospital, he immediately fell in love with him — and the 4-year-old the Beethe family.”可知，答案已经在Amy心中，且后文提到她和她的丈夫收养了True，故此处指社工问“你是一个选择吗？”,即“你可以给他提供一个永久的家吗？” 27．考查副词。句意：答案已经在Amy心中。她目前是六个孩子的母亲——三个亲生的，三个收养的。A. currently目前；B. naturally自然地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. obviously明显地。根据后文“But she knew her family, and her heart, had for one more.”中的转折可推知，此处介绍的是她目前的状态——目前她是六个孩子的母亲。 28．考查形容词。句意同上。A. confused困惑的；B. adopted收养的；C. abandoned被遗弃的；D. ignored被忽视的。根据前文“a mom of six — three biological”可知，六个孩子，三个是亲生的，那相对应的，另外三个就是收养的。 29．考查名词。句意：但她知道，她的家庭和她的心，还有空间再容纳一个孩子。A. plans计划；B. excuses借口；C. room空间；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“Amy and Ryan opened their and home again to adopt True’s sister Laney.”可知，后文提到Amy和她的丈夫又一次收养了True的姐姐Laney，故此处指他们愿意收养True，因此尽管Amy已经有六个孩子，但她的家庭和她的心仍然有空间再容纳一个孩子。 30．考查动词。句意：当Amy的丈夫Ryan在医院见到True时，他立刻喜欢上了他——因此这个4岁的孩子加入了Beethe一家。A. followed跟随；B. admired钦佩；C. treated治疗；D. met遇见。根据后文“he immediately fell in love with him”可知，Ryan立刻喜欢上了True，因此是当Ryan在医院见到True的时候，第一眼就喜欢上了他。 31．考查动词。句意同上。A. helped帮助；B. called打电话；C. joined加入；D. respected尊重。根据后文“Amy and Ryan opened their and home again to adopt True’s sister Laney.”可知，后文提到Amy和她的丈夫又一次收养了True的姐姐Laney，故此处指他们收养了True，因此True成为了这个家庭的一员，加入了这个家庭。 32．考查形容词。句意：更了不起的事情随之而来。A. complicated复杂的；B. remarkable了不起的，非凡的；C. interesting有趣的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“The Beethes realized how close True was with his siblings, so Amy sought to find them foster homes to keep the kids . Amy’s sister adopted one girl, her sister-in-law’s family adopted another, a coworker adopted two more, and Amy and Ryan opened their and home again to adopt True’s sister Laney.”可知，Amy将True的所有兄弟姐妹都安排到亲友家收养，这是非常了不起的。 33．考查动词。句意：Beethe一家意识到True和他的兄弟姐妹们关系非常亲密，所以Amy设法为他们寻找寄养家庭，让孩子们保持联系。A. amused使开心；B. calmed使平静；C. educated教育；D. connected使有联系。根据上文“The Beethes realized how close True was with his siblings”可知，True和他的兄弟姐妹们关系非常亲密，因此要保持联系。 34．考查名词。句意：Amy的姐姐收养了一个女孩，她嫂子的家庭收养了另一个，一个同事又收养了两个，Amy和Ryan再次敞开心扉和家门，收养了True的妹妹Laney。A. door门；B. mouths嘴；C. hearts心；D. hospital医院。根据上文“her heart, had for one more.”可知，此处指敞开心扉，又收养了True的妹妹Laney。 35．考查动词。句意：这个小男孩独自进入医院做心脏手术，但他离开时拥有了一个家庭——以及一颗充满爱的心。A. entered进入；B. explored探索；C. changed改变；D. survived幸存。根据第一段“True was admitted for the surgery by himself.”中的“admitted”可知，此处指进入医院接受手术。 36．考查名词。 句意同上。A. dream梦想；B. family家庭；C. souvenir纪念品；D. lesson教训。根据前文“and the 4-year-old the Beethe family”可知，Amy和她的丈夫收养了这个小男孩，因此他来医院的时候是独自一人，离开的时候却拥有了一个家庭。 （2026·江苏·二模）I have always been indecisive when it came to travel. I’d watch endless videos of destinations and read scores of 37 online. But more often than not, 38 fell far short of what was promised. The colourful images I’d come across online would turn out to be totally disappointing in real life. So, a year ago, I made a change. I banned myself from too much 39 for a trip. Instead, I chose an area I wanted to 40 . I couldn’t rely on my phone. It wasn’t easy at first. I felt rudderless (漫无目的的) without my phone to guide me while wandering through 41 neighbourhoods. I was so accustomed to 42 every detail about each place I visited and without that, I was exposed. But that’s exactly why it’s so fun. Going in unprepared opens you up to 43 . Without being glued to directions on my phone, I was 44 so much more of my surroundings, noticing details that would otherwise have 45 passed me by. Travelling without planning has made me more 46 with making decisions. I no longer 47 if the view isn’t as breathtaking as in the photos — because I’m not comparing my 48 to anyone else’s. Trying to have the 49 holiday is no longer the point for me; it’s about living in the present and making good 50 . And in an era where we can see the best of everything through our phones, it’s been totally 51 to have an experience that’s entirely mine. 37．A．newsletters B．reviews C．ebooks D．notices 38．A．reality B．bookings C．demand D．objectives 39．A．budget B．longing C．planning D．luggage 40．A．conserve B．occupy C．explore D．rejuvenate 41．A．unfriendly B．ethnic C．peaceful D．unknown 42．A．creating B．knowing C．assessing D．modifying 43．A．surprises B．routines C．duties D．traps 44．A．laying out B．relying on C．taking in D．cleaning up 45．A．purposely B．fortunately C．completely D．temporarily 46．A．comfortable B．stuck C．patient D．concerned 47．A．bear B．care C．feel D．see 48．A．wealth B．experience C．achievement D．health 49．A．luxurious B．secure C．casual D．perfect 50．A．excuses B．investments C．predictions D．memories 51．A．hesitant B．freeing C．plain D．demanding 【答案】 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．D 51．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者自己从前旅行前会做大量攻略，却常感现实与预期落差大，后来改变方式，不做过多规划去旅行，收获了不一样的体验与成长。 【详解】37．考查名词。句意：我会看无数的目的地视频，还会在网上看大量的评论。A. newsletters时事通讯；B. reviews评论；C. ebooks电子书；D. notices通知。根据后文“The colourful images I’d come across online would turn out to be totally disappointing in real life.”可知，作者旅行前会做很多功课，看目的地视频、网上的评论，但结果现实常让他失望。 38．考查名词。句意：但现实往往远不如承诺的那样好。A. reality现实；B. bookings预订；C. demand需求；D. objectives目标。根据后文“The colourful images I’d come across online would turn out to be totally disappointing in real life.”可知，网上看到的内容很美好，但现实情况让人失望，即现实和预期有落差。 39．考查名词。句意：我禁止自己为一次旅行做太多规划。A. budget预算；B. longing渴望；C. planning规划；D. luggage行李。根据后文“Travelling without planning has made me more with making decisions.”可知，由于在网上看到的预期和现实之间的差距，让作者改变了做法，不再为旅行做过多“规划”。 40．考查动词。句意：相反，我选择了一个我想去探索的地方。A. conserve保护；B. occupy占据；C. explore探索；D. rejuvenate使恢复活力。根据前文“Instead, I chose an area I wanted to”可知，作者选一个想要去的地方旅行，也就是去探索这个地方。 41．考查形容词。句意：在陌生的街区闲逛时，没有手机指引我，我感到漫无目的。A. unfriendly不友好的；B. ethnic种族的；C. peaceful和平的；D. unknown陌生的。根据前文“Instead, I chose an area I wanted to . I couldn’t rely on my phone. It wasn’t easy at first.”可知，作者去了一个想去的地方，并且不做规划，不依赖手机，所以在陌生的街区会感到漫无目的。 42．考查动词。句意：我习惯了了解我去过的每个地方的每一个细节，没有了这些，我就无所适从了。A. creating创造；B. knowing了解；C. assessing评估；D. modifying修改。根据前文作者旅行前会看大量视频、评论，以及后文“every detail about each place I visited and without that, I was exposed.”可知，作者从前习惯了提前了解要去的地方的细节，现在不做规划，就不适应了。 43．考查名词。句意：毫无准备地出发会给你带来惊喜。A. surprises惊喜；B. routines常规；C. duties职责；D. traps陷阱。根据后文“Without being glued to directions on my phone, I was so much more of my surroundings, noticing details that would otherwise have passed me by.”可知，不做规划旅行很有趣，会让作者注意到很多细节，因此会带来惊喜。 44．考查动词短语。句意：不用盯着手机上的导航，我能更多地欣赏周围的环境，注意到那些原本会完全被我忽略的细节。A. laying out展示；B. relying on依赖；C. taking in欣赏，领略；D. cleaning up清理。根据后文“so much more of my surroundings, noticing details”可知，作者不看手机导航，能更好地欣赏周围环境，注意到细节。 45．考查副词。句意同上。A. purposely故意地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. completely完全地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据前文“Without being glued to directions on my phone, I was so much more of my surroundings, noticing details that would otherwise have”可知，如果作者像从前一样依赖手机做规划，周围的这些环境和细节就会完全被他忽略。 46．考查形容词。句意：没有计划的旅行让我更能从容地做决定。A. comfortable自在的，从容的；B. stuck被困的；C. patient耐心的；D. concerned关心的。根据前文作者从前旅行时优柔寡断，以及后文“I no longer if the view isn’t as breathtaking as in the photos”可知，现在作者不做规划旅行，也不再去在意风景是否不如照片中那么令人惊叹，因此变得能从容做决定了。 47．考查动词。句意：我不再在意风景是否不如照片中那么令人惊叹——因为我不会把自己的经历和别人的比较。A. bear忍受；B. care在意；C. feel感觉；D. see看见。根据后文“because I’m not comparing my to anyone else’s.”可知，作者心态变了，不会把自己的经历和别人的比较，因此不再在意风景是否和照片一样美。 48．考查名词。句意同上。A. wealth财富；B. experience经历；C. achievement成就；D. health健康。根据前文“I no longer if the view isn’t as breathtaking as in the photos”可知，作者是去其他地方旅行，且现在不会在意风景是否不如照片中那么令人惊叹，因此也不会将自己的旅行经历和别人的(比如网上看到的)相比较了。 49．考查形容词。句意：试图拥有完美的假期对我来说不再是重点；重点是活在当下，创造美好的回忆。A. luxurious奢侈的；B. secure安全的；C. casual随意的；D. perfect完美的。根据前文作者从前追求和网上一样美好的风景，现在心态改变，以及“is no longer the point for me”可知，作者不再追求完美的假期。 50．考查名词。句意同上。A. excuses借口；B. investments投资；C. predictions预测；D. memories回忆。根据前文“it’s about living in the present and making good .”可知，作者现在旅行注重活在当下，不再去比较，只注重创造美好回忆。 51．考查形容词。句意：在这个我们可以通过手机看到一切最好的东西的时代，拥有一段完全属于自己的经历是完全令人解脱的。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. freeing令人解脱的；C. plain朴素的；D. demanding要求高的。根据前文作者的经历，不做规划旅行让他心态变好，以及空后“to have an experience that’s entirely mine.”可知，拥有完全属于自己的旅行经历是令人解脱的，不再去跟他人比较。 （2026·广东佛山·模拟预测）Everyone knows that science is important. The aim of science is to 52 how the world, everything in it and beyond it, works. Some people, 53 , claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money. What is the 54 in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away? Science, they argue, is 55 only if it has some practical application. Yet history shows that curiosity-driven research often leads to 56 breakthroughs. When the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell 57 experiments with electricity and magnetism in the late 19th century, he had no specific end in 58 and was certainly not 59 to earn money; he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works. Despite this, his work laid the 60 for our modern way of life. Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist 61 the need to understand the world a little better. Maxwell's candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to 62 our world. Now more students 63 to ask questions without obvious answers. Such curiosity 64 seeds that may take years, decades or even centuries to bear fruits. Every experiment, every observation, every failure brings us closer to understanding. The value of science lies not only in what it produces but in the 65 it shapes. And that, ultimately, is the 66 of science. 52．A．set up B．figure out C．carry out D．make up 53．A．therefore B．moreover C．however D．likewise 54．A．cause B．outcome C．point D．basis 55．A．stable B．profitable C．available D．valuable 56．A．unexpected B．huge C．little D．limited 57．A．conducted B．invented C．learned D．designed 58．A．need B．mind C．hand D．sight 59．A．instructed B．trained C．practicing D．aiming 60．A．conclusion B．foundation C．source D．theory 61．A．met B．avoided C．chose D．felt 62．A．darken B．rule C．light D．decorate 63．A．hesitate B．pretend C．dare D．refuse 64．A．plants B．removes C．destroys D．collects 65．A．mindset B．competition C．cooperation D．history 66．A．challenge B．example C．proof D．significance 【答案】 52．B 53．C 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．B 61．D 62．C 63．C 64．A 65．A 66．D 【导语】文章讨论科学的价值，指出纯好奇驱动的基础研究也能带来突破，阐释科学的真正意义。 【详解】52．考查动词短语。句意：科学的目的是弄清楚世界、世间万物以及外部世界如何运作。A. set up建立；B. figure out弄清楚；C. carry out执行；D. make up编造。根据上文“The aim of science”和常识可知，科学的本质是探究、弄懂世界运行规律。 53．考查副词。句意：然而，有些人声称许多以科学之名开展的工作是在浪费时间和金钱。A. therefore因此；B. moreover此外；C. however然而；D. likewise同样地。前文“ Everyone knows that science is important. ”和后文“claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money.”是转折关系，用however连接。 54．考查名词。句意：研究原子的运动方式或研究数十亿公里外的恒星有什么意义呢？A. cause原因；B. outcome结果；C. point意义；D. basis基础。根据下文“they argue, is ____ only if it has some practical application.”可知，有人质疑这些研究的意义，固定句型What is the point in doing sth.意为“做某事有什么意义”。 55．考查形容词。句意：他们认为，科学只有具备实际用途时才有价值。A. stable稳定的；B. profitable盈利的；C. available可获得的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“only if it has some practical application.”推测，一些人认为科学需实用才有价值。 56．考查形容词。句意：然而历史表明，好奇心驱动的研究往往会带来意想不到的突破。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. huge巨大的；C. little微小的；D. limited有限的。根据后文麦克斯韦无目的研究却催生现代科技可知，这类研究的突破是意料之外的。 57．考查动词。句意：苏格兰物理学家詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦在19世纪末开展了电学和磁学实验，他没有特定的目的，当然也不是为了赚钱。A. conducted实施；开展；B. invented发明；C. learned学习；D. designed设计。根据后文“experiments”可知，此处指开展实验。 58．考查名词。句意同上。A. need需要；B. mind心思；C. hand手；D. sight视线。根据后文“ he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works”推测，开始作实验时他没有具体的目标，固定搭配have sth. in mind意为“心中有目标、有想法”。 59．考查动词。句意同上。A. instructed指示；B. trained训练；C. practicing练习；D. aiming旨在；力求。根据下文“he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works”可知，他作实验的目的也不是为了赚钱。 60．考查名词。句意：尽管如此，他的研究为我们的现代生活方式奠定了基础。A. conclusion结论；B. foundation基础；C. source来源；D. theory理论。根据下文“Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist ____ the need to understand the world a little better.”可知，他的研究为现代生活方式奠定了基础，固定搭配lay the foundation for意为“为……奠定基础”。 61．考查动词。句意：计算机、卫星、互联网等事物的存在，都归功于这位科学家感到有必要更好地理解世界的需求。A. met遇见；B. avoided避免；C. chose选择；D. felt感受到。根据上文“he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works.”可知，此处指科学家感到有必要更好地理解世界。 62．考查动词。句意：麦克斯韦烛光下的实验室再次归于平静，但他激发的思想继续照亮我们的世界。A. darken使变暗；B. rule统治；C. light照亮；D. decorate装饰。根据上文“Maxwell’s candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more”和表示转折的but可知，虽然实验归于平静，但他伟大的科学思想照亮、改变世界。 63．考查动词。句意：如今更多学生敢于提出没有明确答案的问题。A. hesitate犹豫；B. pretend假装；C. dare敢于；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“Maxwell’s candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to ____ our world. ”可知，他的科学精神鼓励学生敢于敢于提问。 64．考查动词。句意：这份好奇心播下种子，可能需要数年、数十年甚至数百年才能结果。A. plants播种；B. removes移除；C. destroys破坏；D. collects收集。根据下文“bear fruits.”可知，此处指播下的种子。 65．考查名词。句意：科学的价值不仅在于它的产出，还在于它塑造的思维模式。A. mindset思维模式；B. competition竞争；C. cooperation合作；D. history历史。根据前文“Now more students ____ to ask questions without obvious answers. ”可知，科学塑造人的思维。 66．考查名词。句意：而这，归根结底就是科学的意义。A. challenge挑战；B. example例子；C. proof证明；D. significance意义。根据上文“What is the ____ in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away?”可知，此处指塑造思维模式是科学的意义。 三、语法填空 （2026·浙江·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Fujian tulou, or earthen buildings, are traditional homes in Fujian. Ju chose Changrong Building, 67 homestay transformed from a tulou, because she wanted to experience 68 it was like to live there. The homestay keeps its old exterior(外观) but 69 (house)12 modern rooms. After a2023 repair project by a Xiamen University team, the building, 70 central hall now serves as a reading space, offers tea-picking and costume experiences, while the team avoided the risk of the building 71 (reduce) to a lifeless display. Fujian tulou buildings 72 (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2008. Since then, local tourism has shifted from basic sightseeing to high-quality stays. This change is also 73 (evidence) in Hua’an, where old houses have become galleries, coffee shops and libraries. 74 (engage) younger guests, local teams have added playful activities and digital souvenirs. Some tulou models make it possible for tourists to play videos by tapping phones against them. During Spring Festival, Hua’ an launched a China-chic game. In the game, tourists took part 75 characters, completing tasks involving folk dances and traditional sports. These efforts aim to move beyond visiting a single building to creating a destination where visitors experience a life that begins with nature, continues through local customs 76 returns to the warmth of the home. 【答案】 67．a 68．what 69．houses 70．whose 71．being reduced 72．were added 73．evident 74．To engage 75．as 76．and 【导语】本文介绍福建土楼改造为民宿，在保留原有建筑风貌的前提下升级配套体验，土楼列入世界遗产后当地文旅转型，通过多样新潮活动吸引年轻游客，传承乡土民俗文化。 【详解】67．考查冠词。句意：朱选择了长荣楼——一处由土楼改造而成的民宿，因为她想体验住在那里的感觉。homestay为可数名词单数，表泛指“一处民宿”，以辅音音素开头，故填a。 68．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：朱女士选择了长荣楼——一处由土楼改造而成的民宿，因为她想体验住在那里的感觉。宾语从句中缺少介词like的宾语，指代事物，用what引导。 69．考查主谓一致。句意：这家民宿保留了古老的外观，却配备了12间现代化客房。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语The homestay为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式houses。 70．考查定语从句。句意：经过厦门大学团队2023年的修缮改造，这栋建筑的中央大厅如今成为阅读空间，还提供采茶、服饰体验项目，同时避免了建筑沦为毫无生机的展品。先行词为the building，空后名词central hall与其为所属关系，用whose引导非限制性定语从句。 71．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过厦门大学团队2023年的修缮改造，这栋建筑的中央大厅如今成为阅读空间，还提供采茶、服饰体验项目，同时避免了建筑沦为毫无生机的展品。介词of后接动名词（短语），the building与reduce为被动关系，故填being reduced。 72．考查时态和语态。句意：福建土楼于2008年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。时间状语in 2008表过去，主语与add为被动关系，主语为复数，故填were added。 73．考查形容词。句意：这种转变在华安地区也十分明显，当地的老旧民居被改造成画廊、咖啡店和图书馆。系动词is后接形容词作表语，evidence的形容词形式为evident，意为“明显的、显而易见的”。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：为吸引年轻游客，当地团队增设了趣味活动和数字文创纪念品。此处用不定式作目的状语，位于句首首字母大写，填To engage。 75．考查介词。句意：在游戏中，游客扮演各类角色，完成民俗舞蹈、传统体育等相关任务。固定搭配take part as表示“扮演、充当”，故填as。 76．考查并列连词。句意：这些努力旨在打破单一的建筑参观模式，打造一处特色目的地，让游客体验始于自然、承于民俗、归于居家温情的生活。此处连接三个并列的谓语结构，表顺承并列关系，填and。 （2026·浙江·二模）阅读下列文章，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Root carving is an art form that relies on subtraction (减法) rather than addition. 77 other arts where materials are added, root carving follows the natural form of the wood and removes the unnecessary 78 (reveal) its inner beauty. “Where nature has already shaped something perfectly, there is no need for further human intervention,” insists Chen Xing, 79 renowned root carving artist. Creating a root carving involves several stages: washing, peeling, shaping and carving. Among them, shaping is the most demanding, requiring keen 80 (judge) and rich experience. Chen first studies its grain and growth patterns to determine the best direction and theme, when 81 (present) with a new root. Selecting the right root is also a great challenge. “Root growth is not controlled by humans; we must adapt   82 (we) to the wood,” Chen says. The true creativity of root carving lies not in transforming nature, but in complementing its imperfections, 83 (create) a harmonious blend of art and nature. As a practitioner of this intangible cultural heritage, Chen is committed to passing it on. He teaches by bringing root carving into local schools 84 he offers theoretical courses and opens his workshop to students. “Root carving requires patience; it can’t 85 (rush),” he says. Today, Chen’s works have gained wider recognition through his Guinness World Record, giving Chinese root carving a 86 (broad) stage for display. They preserve nature’s authenticity and reflect deep cultural thinking, embodying the elegance of Eastern aesthetics (美学). 【答案】 77．Unlike 78．to reveal 79．a 80．judgement/judgment 81．presented 82．ourselves 83．creating 84．where 85．be rushed 86．broader 【导语】本文主要讲的是中国根雕艺术家陈兴及其创作理念。 【详解】77．考查介词。句意：与其他艺术形式不同，其他艺术是在原有材料的基础上进行添加，而根雕则是遵循木材的自然形态，去除多余的部分，以展现其内在的美。由下文“other arts where materials are added, root carving follows the natural form of the wood and removes the unnecessary”可知，根雕不像其他艺术形式，空格处意为“不像”，是unlike，位于句首，首字母大写。 78．考查不定式。句意：与其他艺术形式不同，其他艺术是在原有材料的基础上进行添加，而根雕则是遵循木材的自然形态，去除多余的部分，以展现其内在的美。根据语境可知，此处表示“去除多余的部分，以展现其内在的美”，空格处用不定式表目的。 79．考查冠词。句意：“自然已经将某样东西塑造得完美无缺，就无需再进行人为干预，”著名根雕艺术家陈兴坚持这样认为。artist是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，renowned是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。 80．考查名词。句意：其中，塑形是最具挑战性的环节，需要敏锐的判断力和丰富的经验。keen是形容词，修饰名词，judge的名词是judgement或judgment，意为“判断力”，是不可数名词。 81．考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意：陈首先会研究根的纹理和生长模式，以确定最佳的方向和主题，然后在面对新的根材时才会开始着手创作。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当他面对新的根材时”，即when he is presented with a new root，省略he is，因此空格处是presented。 82．考查反身代词。句意：陈说：“根的生长不受人类控制；我们必须适应木材的特性。”主语和宾语都是we，因此用反身代词ourselves作宾语。 83．考查非谓语动词。句意：根雕的真正创意不在于改变自然形态，而在于弥补其不完美之处，创造出艺术与自然的和谐融合。句中谓语是lies，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词作状语，表结果。 84．考查定语从句。句意：他将根雕带入当地学校，开设理论课程，并向学生开放自己的工作室。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词schools是地方，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句。 85．考查被动语态。句意：“根雕需要耐心，不能急于求成，”他说。it和rush之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用被动语态，空前有情态动词can’t，因此空格处是be rushed。 86．考查比较级。句意：如今，陈兴的作品凭借吉尼斯世界纪录获得了更广泛的认可，为中国根雕搭建了更广阔的展示舞台。由前面的gained wider recognition，空格处用比较级broader，意为“更广阔的”。 真题·阅读演练 （2025·上海·高考真题）The pet food industry has received unkind remarks as to the true origin of its ingredients (原料) for decades. Now the industry faces another source of criticism as a new book starts a debate about the environmental impact of owning a well-fed pet. The New Scientist magazine, in a recent editorial, largely agreed with the book’s findings that some pets, due to the food they eat, have a surprisingly high “ecological footprint”, which is a way of quantifying human demand on the planet’s ecosystems using a measure called “global hectares”. According to the authors of the book, “A shocking comparison is that in 2004, the average citizen of some poor countries had an eco-footprint of 0.76 hectares. The eco-footprint of a cat is about 0.15 hectares, almost the same as what is needed to run a small car. In a world where resources are already limited, can people really justify keeping pets that require more than some people?” The authors of the book say that they were “genuinely surprised” when calculating the environmental impact of pets. And some of the ideas they put forward to attenuate this are likely to shock some pet owners. For example, the book suggests catching pests such as field mice and processing them into a “natural” cat food, or raising pets like chickens that provide both company and fresh eggs. When feeding a pet, however, the advice is to favour pet foods made from chicken meat, which is less damaging to the environment than red meat and fish. As you might expect, the Pet Food Manufacturers Association (PFMA) puts up a spirited defence, arguing that the vast majority of meat and fish used in pet foods is of sufficient quality for human consumption but more than humans need. “If we didn’t recycle animal by-products to sell, they might instead be abandoned and buried under the earth, which is not very green,” says the director. In addition, he points out that pets should not be viewed just on their carbon footprint. “Our environment is greatly enriched by the part they play in our lives. Pets in the home inspire responsibility, encourage social awareness and have positive health benefits.” 1．What is suggested in the book to make pet food production greener? A．Making processed pet foods out of pests B．Feeding pets primarily with fish and meat. C．Increasing the use of red meat in pet foods. D．Avoiding using animal by-products in pet foods. 2．The word “attenuate” (para 4) is closest in meaning to “_______”. A．assess B．blame C．drive D．reduce 3．Which argument does PFMA make to defend the industry? A．The use of meat and fish in pet foods can prevent waste. B．Pet food production is both sustainable and cost-efficient. C．Pet food ingredients are as nutritious as those for humans. D．The eco-footprints of humans far outnumber those of pets. 4．What is the main focus of the passage? A．The origin of pet food ingredients. B．Calculation of pet carbon footprint. C．Environmental impact of pet foods. D．A spirited debate over pet ownership. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了宠物食品对环境的影响，包括宠物食品的生态足迹、宠物食品生产的环境问题以及宠物食品制造商协会对此的回应。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example, the book suggests catching pests such as field mice and processing them into a “natural” cat food, or raising pets like chickens that provide both company and fresh eggs. When feeding a pet, however, the advice is to favour pet foods made from chicken meat, which is less damaging to the environment than red meat and fish. (例如，这本书建议捕捉田鼠等害兽，将它们加工成“天然”猫粮，或者饲养鸡这类宠物，它们既能陪伴主人，又能提供新鲜鸡蛋。不过，在喂养宠物时，建议优先选择鸡肉制成的宠物食品，因为鸡肉对环境的破坏比红肉和鱼类要小。)”可知，书中提出的环保建议包括将田鼠等害兽加工成宠物食品，以及优先使用鸡肉制作宠物食品。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The authors of the book say that they were “genuinely surprised” when calculating the environmental impact of pets. (这本书的作者们表示，在计算宠物对环境的影响时，他们“真的很惊讶”。)”以及下文“For example, the book suggests catching pests such as field mice and processing them into a “natural” cat food, or raising pets like chickens that provide both company and fresh eggs. (例如，这本书建议捕捉田鼠等害虫，将它们加工成“天然”猫粮，或者饲养鸡这类宠物，它们既能陪伴主人，又能提供新鲜鸡蛋。)”可知，作者对于宠物对环境的影响感到惊讶，所以提出了一些建议来减少这种影响，故画线词attenuate应为“减少”之意，与“reduce”意思最接近。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““If we didn’t recycle animal by-products to sell, they might instead be abandoned and buried under the earth, which is not very green,” says the director. (“如果我们不回收动物副产品进行销售，它们可能会被丢弃并埋在地下，这可不是什么环保的做法，”主任说道。)”可知，PFMA认为宠物食品中使用肉类和鱼类可以防止浪费，以此为宠物食品行业辩护。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Now the industry faces another source of criticism as a new book starts a debate about the environmental impact of owning a well-fed pet. (现在，随着一本新书引发了一场关于饲养一只营养充足的宠物对环境影响的辩论，该行业面临着另一个批评来源。)”可知，文章开篇指出宠物食品行业面临新的批评 —— 新书引发关于宠物饲养环境影响的争论；随后介绍书中的生态足迹数据和环保建议；最后呈现PFMA的反驳观点。全文始终围绕宠物食品的环境影响这一核心话题展开。故选C项。 （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. WJXSAT 5．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 6．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 7．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细阐述了路易斯教育部门（LDOE）的AI整合框架的四个主要组成部分及其目的和作用。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness.(该框架采用持续的探索和改进周期，使学校能够在优先考虑学生安全和未来准备的同时，负责任地采用AI。)”可知，该框架的主要目的是使学校为负责任地使用AI做好准备。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据“Evaluation & Monitoring”部分“This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings.(这一部分主要关注评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响。)”可知，“评估与监测”部分主要关注的是评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响，即，检查AI使用的影响。故选A项。 7．推理判断题。根据“Policy & Guidance”部分“This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools.(这一部分解决了制定明确的指导方针和政策的需求，以规范AI在教育环境中的负责任使用。它涉及制定数据隐私框架，确保获得AI资源，以及为设计和使用AI工具建立标准。)”可知，如果一个学校计划引入AI工具来帮助学生，而负责的老师正在寻找避免学生个人数据被滥用方法，那么老师应该主要参考“政策与指导”部分，因为它涉及制定数据隐私框架。故选B项。 （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 8．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 9．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 10．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 11．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了Andreas Schleicher在大学期间偶然进入教育科学领域，并最终与教授合作创建了第一个国际阅读测试的故事。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第二段“In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. (然而，在他的空闲时间，他像其他人看电视一样溜进课堂听讲座。)”可知，Schleicher在大学期间经常溜进不同的课堂听讲座。故选C项。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. ‘You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,’ his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scienti$ 专题08 同义替换词汇 → 【 阅卷偏爱·换词表】（专项训练） 目 录 单词·拼写演练 1 基础·阅读演练 4 拔高·阅读演练 26 真题·阅读演练 48 单词·拼写演练 题目 01：写出单词 beneficial 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 02：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：提升；促进（动词，高级替换 improve） 答题区：________________________ 题目 03：写出单词 tackle 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 04：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：显著地（副词，修饰数据、变化） 答题区：________________________ 题目 05：写出单词 abundant 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 06：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：不可或缺的（形容词，高分替换 important） 答题区：________________________ 题目 07：写出单词 consequently 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 08：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：应对；处理（高级短语，替换 deal with） 答题区：________________________ 题目 09：写出单词 nevertheless 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 10：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：此外；而且（递进衔接短语） 答题区：________________________ 题目 11：写出单词 collaborate 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 12：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：保护；维护（正式动词，替换 protect） 答题区：________________________ 题目 13：写出单词 sustainable 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 14：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：缓解；减轻（动词，搭配压力、伤痛） 答题区：________________________ 题目 15：写出单词 tedious 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 16：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：多样的；多元的（高级形容词，替换 different） 答题区：________________________ 题目 17：写出单词 precisely 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 18：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：致力于；奉献（动词） 答题区：________________________ 题目 19：写出单词 prevalent 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 20：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：可行的；可实施的（形容词） 答题区：________________________ 题目 21：写出单词 astonishing 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 22：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：逐步地；渐渐地（副词） 答题区：________________________ 题目 23：写出单词 conserve 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 24：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：克服（动词，搭配困难、阻碍） 答题区：________________________ 题目 25：写出单词 perspective 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 26：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：极其；极大地（副词，替换 very） 答题区：________________________ 题目 27：写出单词 acquire 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 28：根据汉语释义写出英文短语：总而言之（作文标准结尾衔接短语） 答题区：________________________ 题目 29：写出单词 temporary 的中文释义 答题区：________________________ 题目 30：根据汉语释义写出英文单词：充足的；充分的（正式形容词，替换 enough） 答题区：________________________ 基础·阅读演练 （2026·湖南长沙·三模）Four Free Community Courses Handwriting Improvement This practical course is specially designed for teenagers and adult beginners who want to standardize their handwriting and improve writing neatness. Professional calligraphy teachers from local art associations will deliver systematic offline teaching and teach standard writing skills for English words and Chinese characters. The official courses start every Monday afternoon and last for one and a half hours per session. All writing tools including practice papers and special pens are provided uniformly, so participants do not need to prepare anything in advance. After four weeks of systematic learning and daily targeted training, learners will gain obvious progress in handwriting neatness, standardization and fluency, which can greatly improve their daily homework and exam paper presentation. Public Speaking The public speaking course is open to all students aged 12–18 in the community and surrounding schools. Different from traditional rote training, this course focuses on cultivating learners’ oral expression skills, logical thinking ability and on-site adaptability. Each class is divided into theoretical explanation, model appreciation and practical speech practice links. Teachers will guide students to design speech frameworks, polish language expressions and overcome stage fright step by step. Fixed classes are held every Wednesday evening after school hours to avoid conflicting with students’ daily study. The course has no entry threshold and warmly welcomes all beginners who are interested in speech and eager to exercise themselves. Home Cooking The home cooking course is suitable for people of all ages, including primary and secondary school students, office workers and retired residents. The course aims to teach simple, delicious and healthy home-style dishes, while guiding learners to develop scientific cooking habits and a healthy diet concept. Course ingredients, kitchen utensils and protective tools are all provided for free by the community activity center. The fixed course time is every Friday morning from nine to eleven o’clock, lasting two hours each time. Teachers will demonstrate on-site and guide students to operate in groups, focusing on teaching low-oil, low-salt and nutritious daily dishes, helping learners master practical life skills suitable for family daily meals. Photography Basics This basic photography course is tailored for ordinary photography lovers with no professional foundation. Breaking the misunderstanding that photography requires expensive professional cameras, the course focuses on teaching practical mobile phone shooting skills suitable for daily life. Professional photography teachers will teach composition skills, light utilization, color matching and scene shooting techniques for landscapes, portraits and daily trivial matters. All courses are arranged on weekends to adapt to the free time of students and working people. Through systematic learning, learners can skillfully record beautiful moments in study, life and travel, and discover the beauty hidden in ordinary daily life with the lens. 1．Which course starts on weekdays afternoon? A．Handwriting Improvement B．Public Speaking C．Home Cooking D．Photography Basics 2．What do we know about Public Speaking? A．It is free for adults B．It needs professional tools C．It trains logical thinking D．It is held on weekends 3．Who is the text intended for? A．Course teachers B．Community residents C．School students D．Professional trainers （2026·河南南阳·模拟预测）Admission Guidelines for Yale School of Art Admission to Yale’s MFA program is for the fall term only, annually. Preliminary (初步的) admission decisions and finalist notification will be sent in early February. Offers of admission are sent in early March. To apply for more than one area of concentration, separate applications and supporting documentation must be submitted. Deadline: The application for academic year 2027 — 2028 will open in October 2026. Take time to prepare, review, and revise application materials, get familiar with the system, and request letters and report cards in advance. The application will be due Saturday, January 9, 2027 at 11:59 PM Eastern Standard Time. Instructions for All Applicants Follow all instructions carefully to ensure that your application is viewed to your best advantage. For an explanation of specific requirements for each area of study, please refer to the departmental sections that follow. Submit the following materials to complete your application: • Application form: Open from early October until the early January deadline. • Fee: Follow payment instructions at https://apply.art.yale.edu/apply/ to submit your $100 non-refundable fee. Yale School of Art practices “need-blind admission”, as such fee waivers (费用减免) are not available. • Statement: A one-page statement addressing your current practice, interests, influences, and/ or lived experiences relative to the subject matter of your work and research, and goals for graduate study. Applicants to the Painting/ Printmaking program should make reference in their statements to the “representative work” in the portfolio (作品集); this is not critical for the other programs. • Recommendations: Letters from three references, ideally who are practicing or teaching in your area of interest. It is recommended to seek letters of support from those familiar with your practice, community values, and potential for growth in Yale’s MFA program. • Report cards: An undergraduate academic report card showing dates of attendance, coursework, and grades from your degree-issuing institution. Junior or community college report cards are not necessary to include when submitting report cards. 4．When will the application for the MFA program be closed? A．In early October 2026. B．In early March 2027. C．In early February 2027. D．In early January, 2027. 5．What should applicants know about the application fee? A．It’s refundable if the application fails. B．It should be paid via the specified website. C．It offers a discount for multiple concentrations. D．It’s waivable depending on the financial situation. 6．What’s special about the Painting/ Printmaking program’s statement? A．Mentioning the typical work. B．Setting goals for graduate study. C．Focusing on community values and growth. D．Describing undergraduate coursework and grades. （2026·四川成都·模拟预测）Summer Combo Deal: Qiaolezi Ice Cream + Sprite Get ready for the hottest promotion of the season! From July 15th to August 25th, participating convenience stores nationwide are offering an exclusive combo deal on Qiaolezi Ice Cream and Sprite. The Deal:Buy any 2 Qiaolezi Ice Cream products (any flavor) and 1 can of Sprite (330ml), and get one extra Sprite free. How to Participate: 1. Find the “Summer Combo” sign at any partner store (including 7-Eleven, FamilyMart, and Lawson). 2.Pick your favorite Qiaolezi flavors — options include Classic Chocolate, Strawberry Swirl, and Mango Mochi. 3.Grab two cans of Sprite (one will be automatically discounted at checkout). 4.Scan the store’s loyalty QR code before payment to activate the offer. No paper coupon is needed. Bonus Reward: After purchasing the combo, upload a photo of your receipt to the official Qiaolezi WeChat mini-program before August 30th. The first 1,000 participants will receive a limited-edition summer fan (available in 4 colors). Terms & Conditions: 1.Offer valid while stocks last. 2.Cannot be combined with other promotions or student discounts. 3.Each customer can redeem the combo up to three times per day. 4.The free Sprite must be claimed at the time of the original purchase. 7．What do you need to do to get the extra free Sprite? A．Show a paper coupon from a newspaper. B．Scan the store’s loyalty QR code before paying. C．Buy three Qiaolezi ice creams instead of two. 8．What is the deadline to receive the limited-edition summer fan? A．August 25th B．August 30th C．July 15th 9．According to the promotion rules, which of the following is TRUE? A．The free Sprite can be taken on a separate day. B．A student can still use their student discount with this combo. C．You can get this deal three times on the same day. （2026·云南·三模）4 Bullet Train Journeys across China China is blazing a new future with its record-breaking bullet trains. These trains make crossing the country’s huge landmass accessible on a shorter visit. Silk Road Time:8 hours| Distance:690 miles Spanning Gansu’s northwest deserts, this high-speed journey traces ancient camel trails once used to trade silk and philosophy. Today, you can make the trip in days, exploring grand Buddha statues, night markets, temples, and sweeping landscapes. From Lanzhou, the train sails through the Hexi Corridor, passing Zhangye and Jiayuguan (Great Wall’s western end) — before reaching Dunhuang, home to giant dunes and the Mogao Caves, a priceless Buddhist art treasury. Tibetan Plateau Time: 20 hours| Distance:1,215 miles The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, technically the only non-high-speed train here, is an engineering wonder built on permafrost (冻土) across extreme terrain. Departing Xining, this overnight journey passes Qinghai Lake — China’ s largest — before crossing the Tibetan Plateau into the Himalayas, arriving next morning in Lhasa. Wintery Northeast Time: 4.5 hours| Distance: 771 miles This high-speed route shoots northeast from Beijing through the vast plains of Dongbei. You’ ll pass through Shenyang before reaching Harbin, a city with onion-domed churches, frozen rivers, and a mix of cultures including Chinese, Russian, Mongolian, etc. Time your journey for January/ February to catch the Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, where ice palaces glow with neon. Skyscrapers to Coast Time:4 hours| Distance:351 miles Board a bullet train in Hong Kong coastward. The route zips past fishing villages and river estuaries to Xiamen — a port city with 1850s architecture and sea views. Detour inland to explore Fujian’ s Tulou, a UNESCO site of circular Hakka clan houses made of packed earth and timber, some over 700 years old. 10．What can you do in Silk Road? A．Do some silk trade. B．Visit Buddhist temples. C．Explore ancient markets. D．View the whole Great Wall. 11．Which journey covers the longest distance? A．Silk Road. B．Tibetan Plateau. C．Wintery Northeast. D．Skyscrapers to Coast. 12．What do the last two journeys have in common? A．They pass through frozen rivers. B．They provide amazing sea views. C．They enjoy a mix of foreign cultures. D．They feature uniquely styled buildings. （2026·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Generative AI (GenAI) has long been credited as the next industrial revolution, with global enterprise investment hitting $ 30-40 billion in recent years. Yet a groundbreaking 2025 report by MIT Technology Review reveals a cruel reality: this massive investment of money has failed to translate into visible value for the vast majority of organizations. The study, based on surveys of 1,200 enterprises and analysis of 300 real-world implementations (实施), introduces the concept of the “GenAI Divide” — a gap between the few firms that gain significant profits from their AI attempts and the majority that cannot. Taking industry as an example, the distinction is equally noticeable. An AI Market Disruption Index (ranging from 0 to 4), which measures factors like market share shifts and AI-native firm growth, paints a clear picture. Technology and media sectors lead the pack with scores of 3.8 and 3.2 respectively, while healthcare and energy are far behind. Some barriers can clearly explain the failure of most pilot firms, like lack of learning, adaptation capability and poor integration with existing routines. Fortunately, analyses suggest that key practices should be adopted to bridge the gap. Those companies may consider working together to increase success chances rather than develop individually. Moreover, applying adaptable systems, such as tools with persistent memory and timely feedback, is up to their urgent needs. 13．What is “GenAI Divide”? A．A technology-applying gap. B．An idea-introducing difference. C．A profit-gaining divide. D．An investment-making imbalance. 14．Which profits least from scaling AI? A．Technology. B．Media. C．Health care. D．Energy. 15．What is suggested regarding the GenAI Divide? A．Improving working efficiency. B．Partnering with each other. C．Receiving timely feedback. D．Making systems more adaptable. 二、完形填空 （2026·天津河北·二模）The Oklahoma Academy girls’ basketball team had just secured what seemed like a historic championship. The locker room was 16 with the smell of sweat and the sound of wild cheers. However, in the middle of the loud celebration, Coach Brendan King couldn’t escape a growing 17 of worry. Deep down, he had a bad feeling that something wasn’t quite right. That night, while the rest of the town slept, King sat alone in his quiet house, watching the game video over and over. His eyes were 18 on the screen as he carefully started 19 every point with a heavy heart. Soon, his worst fear was painfully 20 : they had actually lost by a single point. In the chaos of the final quarter, a shot that clearly missed the hoop was 21 recorded as a basket by the scorekeeper. The sun rose on a difficult morning. The players arrived at the school gym still 22 , their faces bright with pride from the 23 night, completely unaware of what was coming until King 24 the news. The gym fell from laughter into shocked silence — a hard moment to watch. Admitting they weren’t the rightful winners was a bitter pill to 25 , because it meant giving up their big moment. Yet, honesty 26 more than the prize. Within minutes, the team reached a consensus (共识) that they would 27 the trophy (奖杯) and medals to Apache High School, the true winners. With the gold trophy sitting silently in his passenger seat, King began the long drive to Apache to set things 28 . When he arrived, Coach Amy admitted she had 29 the error during the game but was told the score was final. However, moved by King’s proof and his team’s amazing honesty, the league made a rare 30 to the rules. In the Apache gym, King finally 31 the medals. The Apache players, finally getting what they earned, were 32 for real this time, their faces wet with genuine tears of joy. We often think a 33 is something you can hold in your hands or see on the scoreboard. But the Academy team proved that the greatest win is the one you carry in your heart. It takes a special kind of 34 to admit mistakes and the grace to do what’s right, even when it 35 them the trophy. The Academy team lost the game, but by doing the right thing, they remained true to themselves and won something far greater than a trophy. 16．A．crowded B．associated C．equipped D．filled 17．A．dream B．sense C．chance D．picture 18．A．repaired B．glanced C．reflected D．fixed 19．A．collecting B．counting C．regulating D．achieving 20．A．confirmed B．acknowledged C．contradicted D．resolved 21．A．automatically B．regularly C．mistakenly D．informally 22．A．overjoyed B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．ashamed 23．A．following B．previous C．precious D．former 24．A．exchanged B．gathered C．broke D．invented 25．A．taste B．choose C．digest D．swallow 26．A．mattered B．benefited C．devoted D．required 27．A．gain B．return C．receive D．keep 28．A．direct B．correct C．straight D．plain 29．A．explained B．believed C．imagined D．noticed 30．A．attempt B．appointment C．exception D．appeal 31．A．put away B．took over C．handed over D．showed off 32．A．celebrating B．performing C．competing D．interviewing 33．A．victory B．reputation C．responsibility D．ambition 34．A．opportunity B．courage C．strength D．interest 35．A．pays B．values C．helps D．costs 　　　 （2026·内蒙古赤峰·三模）Howard transformed a dying 110-year-old tree, which had stood in her yard since her family bought the house, into a magical library. Although the tree needed to come down, Howard says she had a hard time 36 . One day, after a branch dropped, the end 37 arrived. However, she was unwilling to 38 the stump (树桩) entirely. “What if we turned it into one of those Little Free Libraries?” she wondered, 39 a tree library. The Little Free Library is a movement to promote literacy and community with the 40 of “take a book, share a book”. Howard had long 41 the movement. Seeing the hollow (空的) stump as a perfect opportunity, she started her project. She 42 a box inside the stump. That box became the functional part of the library, into which shelving and books were ultimately placed. The finished stump 43 a wooden roof, a lamp, and a door. When Howard shared her 44 on Facebook, local media quickly 45 the story, followed by national outlets. Since then, visitors have arrived, with people often waiting their turn to 46 this library. Howard works at a library. For her, the little library was a(n) 47 of her job. She is 48 to share her love of reading. Reflecting on the 49 , she says, “Little Free Libraries 50 people to experience the surprise of finding something to read.” 36．A．letting go B．holding on C．getting over D．making believe 37．A．quietly B．finally C．naturally D．dramatically 38．A．sell B．burn C．remove D．transport 39．A．judging B．guessing C．picturing D．understanding 40．A．will B．faith C．insight D．concept 41．A．founded B．admired C．monitored D．discovered 42．A．fitted B．repaired C．exchanged D．measured 43．A．restored B．improved C．featured D．illustrated 44．A．creation B．product C．research D．discovery 45．A．made up B．picked up C．took down D．passed down 46．A．check B．report C．explore D．decorate 47．A．praise B．reward C．investment D．extension 48．A．curious B．serious C．patient D．passionate 49．A．project B．outcome C．challenge D．adventure 50．A．urge B．allow C．force D．qualify （2026·上海·二模）A new study has found that bumblebees can process the duration of light flashes and use this information to find food. This is the 51 evidence of such an ability in insects, according to Elisabetta Versace from Queen Mary University of London. Versace told CNN that the finding could settle a long-standing debate among scientists about whether insects are able to process complex patterns, as many experts previously 52 their cognitive (认知) abilities. “In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility,” Versace explained. To test their idea and prove that bees could process time-related information, the researchers built a(n) 53 designed maze (迷宫) where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food. In the maze, the bees were shown two distinct 54 clues: one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds. When the bees approached these 55 circles, they found sweet, preferred food at one and bitter, unwanted food at the other. Even though the circles’ positions changed in each part of the maze, the bees gradually learned over time to fly toward the 56 flash, which was consistently linked to the sweet food. To 57 the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all. They found that the bees could still tell the circles apart based 58 on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape. “This shows the bees are 59 using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices,” she said. Versace noted that the bees’ ability to use such novel stimuli—flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment — to solve tasks flexibly is truly 60 . “This finding makes perfect sense, as bees must carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the 61 of returning to the nest,” she said. The study also found that bumblebees are among a small group of animals, including humans and pigeons, that can 62 between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse code, where short and long signals represent different letters. While the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind bees’ 63 ability remain unclear, the team plans to investigate them further in future research. They also aim to study bees living freely in colonies rather than individually, and explore why some bees learn to 64 time duration faster than others. The findings 65 the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines. Besides, they highlight bees’ complex cognition and offer new insights into how animals perceive time. 51．A．direct B．first C．concrete D．physical 52．A．developed B．possessed C．demonstrated D．underestimated 53．A．abstractly B．carefully C．complexly D．conventionally 54．A．visual B．verbal C．potential D．important 55．A．dark B．wide C．complete D．respective 56．A．short B．bright C．sudden D．complete 57．A．allow for B．look into C．rule out D．open up 58．A．typically B．simply C．specially D．purposefully 59．A．actually B．accidentally C．maximumly D．casually 60．A．unique B．doubtful C．remarkable D．measurable 61．A．fees B．rates C．costs D．losses 62．A．shift B．range C．alternate D．distinguish 63．A．food-seeking B．time-setting C．time-judging D．food-processing 64．A．assess B．reduce C．invest D．combine 65．A．convey B．develop C．explore D．challenge 三、语法填空 （2026·北京大兴·三模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For many years, scientists 66 (know) that wild pigs in Germany have a unique problem that is both a mystery and something of a 67 (threaten). In short, a significant portion of the German wild boar (野猪) population — more than 1 in 3 in certain locals is radioactive. This is particularly concerning in places like Bavaria, Germany, 68 wild boar meat is a popular form of game meat. （25-26高三下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the heart of Milan, just steps from the Brera Gallery, a restaurant is drawing locals with an unexpected combination: Chinese dishes paired with Italian wine. At ZioZio, many Italian food enthusiasts are discovering the unique flavors of Sichuan-style cuisine, 69 (know) for its bold, spicy dishes influenced by the region’s climate and use of Sichuan peppers. Diners are often surprised when they find 70 perfectly these rich flavors are paired with Italian wines, creating a unique balance 71 Eastern cuisine and Western wine. Founders Wang Haoran and Zeng Xiaotang, both art 72 (graduate) with backgrounds in music and design, wanted to create a restaurant that would connect with the local community. “By pairing Chinese dishes with the red wines Italians love, we hope to inspire 73 (curious) and introduce people to the diversity of China’s regional food cultures,” they say. Their concept is well-received by Milan’s locals. “Since several years ago, more authentic Chinese cuisines 74 (appear) in Italy and Europe, offering greater variety and cultural experiences that people 75 (true) appreciate,” says regular customer Gianluca Corrias. ZioZio’s space of 15 square meters is filled with lively talk of locals. Some guests drop by after work 76 (enjoy) wine with braised beef and bamboo shoots, while others stay and chat with friends. On the Mid-Autumn Day last year, Wang and Zeng 77 (prepare) mooncakes, inviting Italian customers to taste 78 traditional Chinese dessert and learn about its symbolism of family reunion and happiness. 拔高·阅读演练 （2026·浙江·三模）The Amazon rainforest may be shifting from a massive carbon sink to a net carbon emitter. Since 1985, human activity has destroyed more than 10% of the Amazon's forest cover, releasing substantial amounts of CO2 previously sequestered in trees and soil. Deforestation through fires releases 1.5 billion tonnes of CO2 annually, driving climate warming. Vegetation changes alter atmospheric composition, surface reflectivity, and cloud properties, which can either intensify or slow warming.  The replacement of dark forest cover by brighter grasses increases  surface reflectivity, leading to more reflection of solar radiation, though weaker than in snow-covered regions. Among these, how clouds respond to forest loss remains the least understood. Previous studies on cloud cover yielded conflicting results: some reported reductions after deforestation, while others reported increases. This difference arises from strong regional and seasonal variations. Notably, prior studies examined long-term associations rather than immediate deforestation impacts such as fire aerosols. To resolve this, Dror and Feingold analyzed two decades of MODIS and CERES satellite data, comparing deforested regions with nearby undisturbed areas. Their findings reveal that cloud cover rises systematically with deforestation year-round,peaking during the dry season. In areas where forest loss surpassed 50%, cloud cover grew by 3.1% on average,reaching 5.1% in the most heavily cleared zones. Moreover, cloud tops sat at lower altitudes over cleared lands. These low-altitude clouds enhanced reflection of incoming solar radiation rather than trapping outgoing heat. The resulting cooling effect from this cloud increase proved at least twice as strong as that from surface reflectivity changes alone. While increased cloudiness thus reduces part of the CO2-driven warming, other factors like non-CO2 greenhouse gases remain uncertain. and aerosols such as methane and ozone remain uncertain, with either warming or cooling effects through complex pathways. Current evidence suggests that even combined biophysical effects cannot fully cancel out the warming. Therefore, maintaining and restoring Amazon forest cover remains essential for climate protection. 1．What does the underlined word“sequestered” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Stored. B．Produced. C．Released. D．Transformed. 2．How did Dror and Feingold carry out their study? A．By measuring CO2 levels in heavily cleared forest areas. B．By conducting ground surveys of vegetation in Amazon areas. C．By analyzing seasonal rainfall patterns across Amazon regions. D．By comparing satellite data between cleared and undisturbed areas. 3．What accounts for the stronger cooling effect over cleared lands? A．Greater ground reflectivity from grasses. B．More trapping of outgoing heat by low clouds. C．Higher altitude of cloud tops over cleared lands. D．Lower cloud tops reflecting more solar radiation. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Cloud feedback alone stabilizes climate. B．Future drying will enhance cloud cooling. C．Biophysical factors lead to ineffective results. D．Forest restoration is essential despite partial cooling. （2026·浙江·三模）Within the scientific community, dreams are still something of a mystery. However, improvements in brain imaging and recent physiological studies have brought us one step closer to answering the question of why some people remember their dreams more than others. 5 Gender 6 Researchers arent exactly sure why, but Barrett says it could be a biological or hormonal difference. Barrett notes that differences between  men and women in regard to dream recall are“modest” and that there are greater differences within each gender than between the genders.Age As we get older, it often gets harder to recall our dreams. Your ability to remember dreams improves in late childhood and adolescence, and tends to peak in your twenties, Barrett says 7 However, there are exceptions,and people sometimes experience the opposite.Amount of sleep The amount of sleep one gets is one of the most important factors. 8 However, those rapid eye movement periods get longer throughout the night, meaning that you’re doing the most dreaming toward the morning generally right before you wake up.Brain activity Thanks to brain imaging, scientists now have a better idea of which parts of the brain are associated with dreaming. A part of the brain that processes information and emotions is more active in people who remember their dreams more often. 9 In turn, this may promote something called intrasleep (睡眠期间) wakefulness. If you don’t remember anything, Barrett says it's still helpful to assess how you feel when you first awaken. “Sometimes if you just stay with whatever emotion you woke up with,” she says, “a dream will come rushing back.” A．Dr. Deirdre Barrett shared a few of the factors. B．Women, on average, recall more dreams than men. C．So what can you do to help you remember your dreams? D．This region may help people pay more attention to external cues. E．Similarly, the “high recallers” tend to exhibit more brain activity. F．After that point, people often experience a gradual drop-off in dream recall. G．People dream every 90 minutes during the rapid eye movement sleep cycle. （2026·浙江·三模）At 56, I am beginning to feel the physical effects of ageing. I won’t bore you with the details, but none of them is great fun. Yet researchers now suggest that one of the most damaging effects may not be physical at all. It may begin with how people come to see ageing itself. They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one’s own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them. Over time, they can become part of how people see themselves. Once that happens, behaviour may change: a person who expects decline may exercise less, pay less attention to diet, and treat every sign of weakness as proof of something worse. Research shows that internalised ageism can affect how people age. A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views. Crucially, researchers ruled out the simpler explanation — poor health did not simply cause pessimism. Instead, a person’s attitude at the  start predicted how their health changed over time. Becca Levy at YaleSchool of Public Health found further support: among people over 65 with mild memory problems, those with a positive outlook were far more likely to recover. Her research also shows that such negative thinking generates over three million extra disease cases in the US each year, at a combined cost of over eleven billion dollars. Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root. A partial answer exists. Research shows attitudes towards ageing can shift through positive messages. But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows. I’m not going to let it get me down. Instead, I’m going to try to make my own ageing process great fun. 10．What is the root cause of internalized ageism? A．Less attention to exercise and diet. B．Gradual loss of learning capability. C．Constant fear over physical decline. D．Repeated exposure to age prejudice. 11．What can we learn about ageing from the Harvard study? A．Attitude affects the rate of ageing. B．Pessimism results from faster ageing. C．Mindset alone defines ageing process. D．Healthy habits promise slower ageing. 12．Why is internalised ageism hard to change? A．Its roots take time to appear. B．It is backed by professionals. C．Its sources are widely varied. D．It is established as a social norm. 13．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Age Prejudice: A Long Battle for Society B．The Elderly: A Group Misunderstood by Society C．Social Messages: A Silent Force Behind Age Bias D．Negative Expectations: A Hidden Threat in Ageing （2026·浙江·二模）The storied, celebrated Alcatraz and Black Point Historic Gardens in Golden Gate National Recreation Area owe their charm to skilled Parks Conservancy gardeners and dedicated volunteers. Now you can apply their national park expertise to your own backyard!Top Winter Gardening & Planting Tips for the San Francisco Bay Area ● Resist working in the garden on a rainy day — air pockets are a very important part of the recipe for healthy soil and plants, and working in your garden when it’s very wet will firm your soil. ● Double check your seedling identification during weeding! Desired plants can look similar to invasive weeds during their seedling stage. ● Keep fallen leaves on the ground. They provide important shelter for butterflies and moths in the winter, and keep the soil covered and protected through the season. ● See if there’s a way to install a rainwater catchment into your garden. ● Make notes now of how your garden did this year — what plants did well, what struggled, what you’d like to try for next year. Recommended California Native Plants Plant native wildflowers and perennials (多年生植物); they’re perfectly adapted to our local climate and support our native ecosystems. If you plant them with the winter rains, they’ll be strong and need minimal care throughout the rest of the year. Some of our favorite native plants for the garden include: Clarkia “Farewell to Spring,” Baby Blue Eyes, Globe Gilia, Ceanothus “Yankee Point,” Coyote Mint, California Fuchsia, Yarrow, Heuchera maxima, Douglas Iris, and of course California Poppy.Get Involved Ready to take your newfound skills to the parks? No matter the season, Black Point Historic Gardens needs extra hands and volunteering support, or you can become a guide on Alcatraz. Trowels up, in the parks and at home! 14．What can we learn from the winter gardening tips? A．Garden growth need not be recorded. B．Fallen leaves ought to be cleared away. C．Working in wet soil helps keep soil loose. D．Weed carefully to protect desired seedlings. 15．What is the advantage of planting California native plants? A．They demand less care in later growth. B．They fit in well with the local climate. C．They needn’t match local ecosystem. D．They grow much faster than other plants. 16．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A local gardening newsletter. B．A home decoration magazine. C．A national park research paper. D．A travel brochure of scenic spots. （2026·浙江·二模）Small Talk: More Than Just Chit-Chat People often complain about small talk, describing it as “painful” or “dishonest”. 17 However, this common opinion fails to recognize the true value of small talk in our daily interactions. As a matter of fact, small talk serves as an essential social “safety zone”. 18 According to etiquette expert Lizzie Post, discussing light topics like hobbies or recent events establishes initial harmony. This foundation makes it easier to transition to more substantial conversations later, whether in a work setting or a new friendship. Some argue that small talk is boring, but this often reflects poor communication skills rather than a flaw in the activity itself. Effective small talk requires genuine engagement. 19 This means putting away your phone, making eye contact, and actively turning into the other person’s reactions. If they lean in and smile at a topic, you can explore it further; if they glance away or give short answers, politely shift to a new topic or invite them to share their own perspective. 20 During a two-hour flight, I began with simple talk about travel plans with my seatmate. Gradually, both of us felt more comfortable opening up to each other. This casual start eventually led to a meaningful discussion about life changes and personal growth. We reached this depth precisely because we started with accessible, low-pressure topics. Small talk isn’t about being superficial — it’s a practical social tool that facilitates human connection. 21 In fact, it smooths our daily social encounters and opens doors to deeper conversations that might never occur otherwise. Without these simple, everyday exchanges, our social interactions would feel much more awkward and less satisfying. A．Its value, however, is often overlooked. B．It demands full presence and careful observation of the other person. C．They generally claim it lacks depth and avoids meaningful topics. D．Consider this real-life example from my own experience. E．Good small talk depends on more than just the words you say. F．Without proper skills, small talk can feel shallow and forced. G．It creates a comfortable atmosphere before deep conversations begin. 二、完形填空 （2026·浙江·三模）True was a four-year-old boy. Born with heart disease requiring 22 , he spent his earliest years in foster (寄养) care. On his operation day at Children’s Nebraska hospital, True was admitted for the surgery by himself. That’s when Dr. Amy Beethe walked in. True’s 7-hour surgery made Amy keep thinking about the sweet little kid who was 23 it all by himself. Dr. Amy 24 True’s case worker and learned he had six siblings (兄弟姐妹), none of whom were doing well. Few families were willing to offer a 25 home for True considering his demanding medical needs. Then the social worker asked Amy: Are you a(n) 26 ? The answer was already in Amy’s heart. She was   27 a mom of six — three biological and three 28 . But she knew her family, and her heart, had 29 for one more. When Amy’s husband, Ryan, 30 True in the hospital, he immediately fell in love with him — and the 4-year-old   31 the Beethe family. Something even more 32 followed. The Beethes realized how close True was with his siblings, so Amy sought to find them foster homes to keep the kids 33 . Amy’s sister adopted one girl, her sister-in-law’s family adopted another, a coworker adopted two more, and Amy and Ryan opened their 34 and home again to adopt True’s sister Laney. The little boy 35 the hospital alone for heart surgery, but he left with a 36 — and a heart full of love. 22．A．transplant B．surgery C．protection D．consultation 23．A．talking about B．looking for C．going through D．showing off 24．A．supported B．recognized C．contacted D．identified 25．A．comfortable B．peaceful C．spacious D．permanent 26．A．option B．assistant C．doctor D．witness 27．A．currently B．naturally C．unfortunately D．obviously 28．A．confused B．adopted C．abandoned D．ignored 29．A．plans B．excuses C．room D．responsibility 30．A．followed B．admired C．treated D．met 31．A．helped B．called C．joined D．respected 32．A．complicated B．remarkable C．interesting D．strange 33．A．amused B．calmed C．educated D．connected 34．A．door B．mouths C．hearts D．hospital 35．A．entered B．explored C．changed D．survived 36．A．dream B．family C．souvenir D．lesson （2026·江苏·二模）I have always been indecisive when it came to travel. I’d watch endless videos of destinations and read scores of 37 online. But more often than not, 38 fell far short of what was promised. The colourful images I’d come across online would turn out to be totally disappointing in real life. So, a year ago, I made a change. I banned myself from too much 39 for a trip. Instead, I chose an area I wanted to 40 . I couldn’t rely on my phone. It wasn’t easy at first. I felt rudderless (漫无目的的) without my phone to guide me while wandering through 41 neighbourhoods. I was so accustomed to 42 every detail about each place I visited and without that, I was exposed. But that’s exactly why it’s so fun. Going in unprepared opens you up to 43 . Without being glued to directions on my phone, I was 44 so much more of my surroundings, noticing details that would otherwise have 45 passed me by. Travelling without planning has made me more 46 with making decisions. I no longer 47 if the view isn’t as breathtaking as in the photos — because I’m not comparing my 48 to anyone else’s. Trying to have the 49 holiday is no longer the point for me; it’s about living in the present and making good 50 . And in an era where we can see the best of everything through our phones, it’s been totally 51 to have an experience that’s entirely mine. 37．A．newsletters B．reviews C．ebooks D．notices 38．A．reality B．bookings C．demand D．objectives 39．A．budget B．longing C．planning D．luggage 40．A．conserve B．occupy C．explore D．rejuvenate 41．A．unfriendly B．ethnic C．peaceful D．unknown 42．A．creating B．knowing C．assessing D．modifying 43．A．surprises B．routines C．duties D．traps 44．A．laying out B．relying on C．taking in D．cleaning up 45．A．purposely B．fortunately C．completely D．temporarily 46．A．comfortable B．stuck C．patient D．concerned 47．A．bear B．care C．feel D．see 48．A．wealth B．experience C．achievement D．health 49．A．luxurious B．secure C．casual D．perfect 50．A．excuses B．investments C．predictions D．memories 51．A．hesitant B．freeing C．plain D．demanding （2026·广东佛山·模拟预测）Everyone knows that science is important. The aim of science is to 52 how the world, everything in it and beyond it, works. Some people, 53 , claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money. What is the 54 in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away? Science, they argue, is 55 only if it has some practical application. Yet history shows that curiosity-driven research often leads to 56 breakthroughs. When the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell 57 experiments with electricity and magnetism in the late 19th century, he had no specific end in 58 and was certainly not 59 to earn money; he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works. Despite this, his work laid the 60 for our modern way of life. Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist 61 the need to understand the world a little better. Maxwell's candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to 62 our world. Now more students 63 to ask questions without obvious answers. Such curiosity 64 seeds that may take years, decades or even centuries to bear fruits. Every experiment, every observation, every failure brings us closer to understanding. The value of science lies not only in what it produces but in the 65 it shapes. And that, ultimately, is the 66 of science. 52．A．set up B．figure out C．carry out D．make up 53．A．therefore B．moreover C．however D．likewise 54．A．cause B．outcome C．point D．basis 55．A．stable B．profitable C．available D．valuable 56．A．unexpected B．huge C．little D．limited 57．A．conducted B．invented C．learned D．designed 58．A．need B．mind C．hand D．sight 59．A．instructed B．trained C．practicing D．aiming 60．A．conclusion B．foundation C．source D．theory 61．A．met B．avoided C．chose D．felt 62．A．darken B．rule C．light D．decorate 63．A．hesitate B．pretend C．dare D．refuse 64．A．plants B．removes C．destroys D．collects 65．A．mindset B．competition C．cooperation D．history 66．A．challenge B．example C．proof D．significance 三、语法填空 （2026·浙江·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Fujian tulou, or earthen buildings, are traditional homes in Fujian. Ju chose Changrong Building, 67 homestay transformed from a tulou, because she wanted to experience 68 it was like to live there. The homestay keeps its old exterior(外观) but 69 (house)12 modern rooms. After a2023 repair project by a Xiamen University team, the building, 70 central hall now serves as a reading space, offers tea-picking and costume experiences, while the team avoided the risk of the building 71 (reduce) to a lifeless display. Fujian tulou buildings 72 (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2008. Since then, local tourism has shifted from basic sightseeing to high-quality stays. This change is also 73 (evidence) in Hua’an, where old houses have become galleries, coffee shops and libraries. 74 (engage) younger guests, local teams have added playful activities and digital souvenirs. Some tulou models make it possible for tourists to play videos by tapping phones against them. During Spring Festival, Hua’ an launched a China-chic game. In the game, tourists took part 75 characters, completing tasks involving folk dances and traditional sports. These efforts aim to move beyond visiting a single building to creating a destination where visitors experience a life that begins with nature, continues through local customs 76 returns to the warmth of the home. （2026·浙江·二模）阅读下列文章，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Root carving is an art form that relies on subtraction (减法) rather than addition. 77 other arts where materials are added, root carving follows the natural form of the wood and removes the unnecessary 78 (reveal) its inner beauty. “Where nature has already shaped something perfectly, there is no need for further human intervention,” insists Chen Xing, 79 renowned root carving artist. Creating a root carving involves several stages: washing, peeling, shaping and carving. Among them, shaping is the most demanding, requiring keen 80 (judge) and rich experience. Chen first studies its grain and growth patterns to determine the best direction and theme, when 81 (present) with a new root. Selecting the right root is also a great challenge. “Root growth is not controlled by humans; we must adapt   82 (we) to the wood,” Chen says. The true creativity of root carving lies not in transforming nature, but in complementing its imperfections, 83 (create) a harmonious blend of art and nature. As a practitioner of this intangible cultural heritage, Chen is committed to passing it on. He teaches by bringing root carving into local schools 84 he offers theoretical courses and opens his workshop to students. “Root carving requires patience; it can’t 85 (rush),” he says. Today, Chen’s works have gained wider recognition through his Guinness World Record, giving Chinese root carving a 86 (broad) stage for display. They preserve nature’s authenticity and reflect deep cultural thinking, embodying the elegance of Eastern aesthetics (美学). 真题·阅读演练 （2025·上海·高考真题）The pet food industry has received unkind remarks as to the true origin of its ingredients (原料) for decades. Now the industry faces another source of criticism as a new book starts a debate about the environmental impact of owning a well-fed pet. The New Scientist magazine, in a recent editorial, largely agreed with the book’s findings that some pets, due to the food they eat, have a surprisingly high “ecological footprint”, which is a way of quantifying human demand on the planet’s ecosystems using a measure called “global hectares”. According to the authors of the book, “A shocking comparison is that in 2004, the average citizen of some poor countries had an eco-footprint of 0.76 hectares. The eco-footprint of a cat is about 0.15 hectares, almost the same as what is needed to run a small car. In a world where resources are already limited, can people really justify keeping pets that require more than some people?” The authors of the book say that they were “genuinely surprised” when calculating the environmental impact of pets. And some of the ideas they put forward to attenuate this are likely to shock some pet owners. For example, the book suggests catching pests such as field mice and processing them into a “natural” cat food, or raising pets like chickens that provide both company and fresh eggs. When feeding a pet, however, the advice is to favour pet foods made from chicken meat, which is less damaging to the environment than red meat and fish. As you might expect, the Pet Food Manufacturers Association (PFMA) puts up a spirited defence, arguing that the vast majority of meat and fish used in pet foods is of sufficient quality for human consumption but more than humans need. “If we didn’t recycle animal by-products to sell, they might instead be abandoned and buried under the earth, which is not very green,” says the director. In addition, he points out that pets should not be viewed just on their carbon footprint. “Our environment is greatly enriched by the part they play in our lives. Pets in the home inspire responsibility, encourage social awareness and have positive health benefits.” 1．What is suggested in the book to make pet food production greener? A．Making processed pet foods out of pests B．Feeding pets primarily with fish and meat. C．Increasing the use of red meat in pet foods. D．Avoiding using animal by-products in pet foods. 2．The word “attenuate” (para 4) is closest in meaning to “_______”. A．assess B．blame C．drive D．reduce 3．Which argument does PFMA make to defend the industry? A．The use of meat and fish in pet foods can prevent waste. B．Pet food production is both sustainable and cost-efficient. C．Pet food ingredients are as nutritious as those for humans. D．The eco-footprints of humans far outnumber those of pets. 4．What is the main focus of the passage? A．The origin of pet food ingredients. B．Calculation of pet carbon footprint. C．Environmental impact of pet foods. D．A spirited debate over pet ownership. （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. WJXSAT 5．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 6．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 7．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 8．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 9．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 10．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 11．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. （2025·天津·高考真题）I first encountered tai chi in Ottawa’s Chinatown. Men and women gathered in loose formation. Their actions combined to achieve a meditative (冥想的) dance. I was amazed by its beauty and grace. It was like watching a water lily opening. Yet I couldn’t see the point. I could achieve my fitness goals from exercise classes, swimming and cycling — and moving so slowly didn’t seem to build muscle, my objective for all activities. I chose only to admire this martial art (武术) but kept my distance. Years later, a recommendation from my doctor brought me to a training group for tai chi beginners led by a caring instructor. I had thought that my goal would be to master the 108 moves. Technically right, but wrong on so many counts. The class was full of lovely people who glided effortlessly, seemingly never confused about where to move next. They assured me that they had been beginners once too, and that I would be able to remember all the moves within three or four years. Three to four years! Graduate degrees took less time. But I could see they were right. Commit and improve: That was the only path. Another realization came to me when I attended an advanced class. We began with foundation exercises, and almost immediately, the instructor singled me out for instruction. To be singled out was an honour, but I was mortified. All the others in the class stopped and turned to watch me while the instructor corrected my positioning. “Don’t bend, “he said, and I repeated the movement. “Straighten your back, “he urged, and on it went — probably for only a few minutes, but it seemed like hours. I couldn’t say, “Yeah, I get it.” I had to show that I did. I concentrated as I had never done before, listening to what the instructor was saying, watching his movement and then willing my body to move in imitation. I was unlearning and learning, overcoming awkwardness to focus. I realized that I was learning a new way of being in the world—truly listening and open to correction. I don’t know that I will ever master the 108 moves. What I do know is that I have found an activity in my life where change and growth are not just possible but expected, even when my stubborn (固执的) personality tendencies re-emerge at every turn. 12．What was the author’s first impression of tai chi? A．Pleasant to the eye but not of much use. B．Too slow to be regarded as a martial art. C．Helpful in accomplishing fitness goals. D．Mysterious and difficult to master. 13．In the beginners’ class, the author realized that mastering tai chi required_________. A．discipline B．leadership C．persistence D．teamwork 14．What does the underlined word “mortified” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Angered B．Confused C．Disappointed D．Embarrassed 15．How did the author respond to the instructions in the advanced class? A．She denied her weaknesses and carried on. B．She stayed focused and followed attentively. C．She worked hard and displayed her talent. D．She opened up her mind and sought advice. 16．Which of the following can be concluded from the author’s experience? A．Tai chi empowers people to improve. B．Tai chi keeps the balance of the body. C．Tai chi fires people’s passion for sports. D．Tai chi facilitates healthy relationships. （2025·天津·高考真题）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 In the small town where I grew up, graduating from high school was already a big thing. But I was driven to pursue my education and become a lawyer like my best friend’s dad, one of the few role models available. After completing my first degree at a university near my parents’ house, I started my graduate study of law at the University of North Carolina, as I had planned for the past 15 years. It was my 23rd birthday, and I was celebrating it as I had for years: by watching the annual Perseid meteor shower (英仙座流星雨). But this year was different. I was away from the small town for the first time and was meeting people in fields that were new to me. My horizons had been opened up, and I began to question my life path. Should I stick to my long-standing plans? Could my lifelong love for astronomy be more than a hobby? Coincidentally, a solar eclipse (日食) helped me make the decision. I made a trip along the winding mountain roads and found a peaceful spot in a valley. When the Moon gradually slid in front of the Sun, the world around me became dark. The water was still, and the sunset surrounded me. That moment, I knew what I had to do. I dropped out of law school to pursue my passion. Now, about to get my doctoral degree in astronomy, I realize that my exposure to the night sky gave me a great gift. It bestowed a broad view: In the vast universe, our individual desires and insecurities are insignificant. It liberated me from allowing worries or self-doubt to stand in the way of chasing new dreams. During this year’s Perseid meteor shower, I’ll be presenting my research at an international conference in Cape Town. It will be my first trip out of the country. And the little girl inside me who watched the shooting stars from her parents? backyard can’t wait to watch the same stars flash across the South African sky. 17．Why did the author want to become a lawyer? (no more than 10 words) 18．How were the author’s horizons expanded? (no more than 15 words) 19．What decision did the author make after watching the solar eclipse? (no more than 10 words) 20．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 4? (1 word) 21．What do you think is the key factor in choosing your college major? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words) 二、完形填空 （2016·上海·高考真题）In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 22 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work. In any case, despite so much evidence to the 23 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 24 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 25 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of 26 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making — all members of the department or work group are asked to 27 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 28 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 29 managers cannot. A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 30 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 31 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 32 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 33 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 34 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less. Another trend is off-site or 35 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 36 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them. 22．A．desire B．seek C．lose D．dislike 23．A．contrary B．expectation C．degree D．extreme 24．A．vice versa B．for example C．however D．otherwise 25．A．outside B．inside C．below D．above 26．A．replacing B．assessing C．managing D．encouraging 27．A．refer B．contribute C．object D．apply 28．A．agreement B．practice C．election D．impression 29．A．bossy B．experienced C．western D．male 30．A．asking B．training C．warning D．firing 31．A．doubling B．maintaining C．reducing D．estimating 32．A．honored B．left C．crowded D．compared 33．A．economically B．traditionally C．inadequately D．occasionally 34．A．deny B．admit C．assume D．ensure 35．A．virtual B．ineffective C．day-to-day D．on-the-scene 36．A．opinion B．risk C．performance D．attractiveness （2018·上海·高考真题）Humans hate markedly to give workers more than they deserve;and indeed many will settle for less to compensate work equitably. But is this impulse 37 ? Perhaps not, says psychological scientist Marie Schafer in Germany. According to Schafer, nobody has ever looked at how young children from different 38 think about merit when sharing rewards. There is reason to suspect that meritocracy may be more of a Western concept and value, so she and several colleagues decided to put this to the test, studying the 39 of children, four to 11 years old, in three different cultures. The idea was to test how much the children valued merit. So each child was given a number of sweets equal to the total number of fish in the catch, and was told to distribute the sweets any way he or she wanted — without adults in the room to influence them. If they valued merit, children should 40 the sweets according to shares of the catch. That is, if they had landed the same number of fish, they would choose to reward each one 41 , but if one fared much better at fishing, rewards would also be disproportionate. In the case where they were simply given the fish, rewards should be unrelated to catch size — since no effort was involved.     42 matters. That’s the main finding among many from the study, as described in a forthcoming issue of the journal Psychological Science. The German children distributed the spoils of the day precisely in proportion to 43 , even when this meant a very unbalanced distribution of rewards. By contrast, children from the two rural African forager(狩猎) societies barely took merit into consideration at all. These findings suggest that the basic notion of merit and distributive justice is far from universal in our species, and that 44 is culturally defined. But why? The scientists offer some 45 on this. It could be that in large-scale societies like Germany, a meritocracy is 46 for regulating transactions between people who don’t know each other and may not interact again. The focus is on equitable interactions, because things won’t be “evened out” in the future. In small scale societies, 47 , most exchanges take place between people who are 48 with one another. It may be more important in such societies to build long-term relationships based on equity — rather than to insist on equity in a single transaction. In egalitarian forager societies, such as the Haillom, 49 is an important leveling mechanism, 50 asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmony. Children may internalize these social values early on, and apply them even when the fishing trip is 51 . 37．A．unblocked B．universal C．unconscious D．unique 38．A．cultures B．cases C．companies D．aspects 39．A．mood B．behavior C．emotion D．habit 40．A．collect B．load C．stress D．distribute 41．A．really B．deliberately C．equally D．happily 42．A．Scene B．Object C．Culture D．Trend 43．A．productivity B．benefit C．interest D．survey 44．A．tiredness B．business C．thickness D．fairness 45．A．feelings B．thoughts C．lives D．emotions 46．A．useful B．major C．small D．important 47．A．in a word B．in addition C．by contrast D．what’s more 48．A．familiar B．delighted C．satisfied D．same 49．A．cooperating B．smiling C．equaling D．sharing 50．A．forcing B．judging C．balancing D．experiencing 51．A．creative B．imaginary C．innovative D．logic （2009·上海·高考真题）Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are 52 . Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 53 it. Creativity isn’t always 54 with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time 55 think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you. Making connections This technique involves taking 56 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the idea/words 57 with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the 58 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 59 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night. NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t 60 . You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 61 . If your goal is to learn to ski, 62 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now 63 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 64 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writes. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 65 in their books. They ask question: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 66 . The best fishermen think like fish! 52．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．reasonable D．realistic 53．A．put up with B．catch up with C．make use of D．keep track of 54．A．equipped B．compared C．covered D．connected 55．A．skillfully B．routinely C．vividly D．deeply 56．A．familiar B．unrelated C．creative D．imaginary 57．A．presented B．marked C．lit D．associated 58．A．ideas B．ambitions C．achievement D．technique 59．A．experience B．service C．present D．object 60．A．work B．last C．exist D．change 61．A．possibilities B．limitations C．tendency D．practice 62．A．in fact B．in particular C．as a whole D．for example 63．A．devote B．adapt C．lead D．keep 64．A．private B．global C．different D．practical 65．A．features B．themes C．creatures D．characters 66．A．positions B．dreams C．images D．directions 三、语法填空 （2022·上海·高考真题）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Lights of Aurora On the night of 2 September 1859, the dark sky over Europe and North America was suddenly full of light. The light did not come from the sun or the moon — and it had a strange colour. The light moved across the sky, 67 (come) and going, like clouds in a strong wind. In the United States, a man in Boston was using the telegraph to speak to a man in Portland, 160 km away. They both turned off the electricity for the telegraph, but 68 could still speak to each other for the next two hours. The electricity was coming from the light in the sky. How was this possible? And what was the light in the sky? The light is called the aurora. Usually, you can see it only at the very north of the earth, 69 it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights. But in 1859, something happened in the sun — a very large storm — and it moved the aurora across the middle of the earth. We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it 70 (not happen) since then. Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth? The aurora is made by something 71 (call) the ‘solar wind’ (wind from the sun). We cannot see this wind, or touch it. It is a wind of particles that travel away from the sun all the time at about 400 kilometres a second. Most of the particles never touch the earth. The earth has a kind of ‘wall’ around it that defends it 72 these particles. This wall is called the earth's magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away on either side. But the earth's magnetic field has two ‘windows’ in it: the magnetic north, and the magnetic south. At these places, the earth's magnetic field turns down into the earth. And some of the particles from the solar wind come through these magnetic ‘windows’. These solar particles crash into the particles that are already in our sky. And 73 this happens, we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the aurora. Alaska is a good place 74 (see) the aurora borealis, and you can also go to places like Iceland, Siberia, the north of Greenland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland. To see the aurora australis, go to the south of Australia, Tasmania, or New Zealand. People travel thousands of kilometres to see the aurora, and they can never be sure 75 it will happen. But 76 does see it says that they will never forget it. （2015·上海·高考真题） Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Ask helpful Hannah Dear helpful Hannah, I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge 77 (check) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea 78 there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves 79 any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see 80 is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop 81 (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if 82 has posted something new on the Internet. Our life 83 (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem. I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” 84 is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time. Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!   Sick and Tired Sadie 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $