选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and peace（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，通过不同文体语篇系统训练推理判断、细节理解及逻辑衔接能力，融合解题方法提炼与语篇逻辑分析，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇12题（记叙文/说明文）|推理判断（上下文推断）、细节理解（定位原文）、词义猜测（语境分析）|不同文体语篇与题型方法对应，覆盖社会热点话题| |七选五|5题|上下文逻辑衔接（空前后信息匹配）|句间逻辑关系与语篇结构分析|

[对应知能达标训练P542] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·陕西高考适应性检测)Jayne Fisher watched anxiously as her 17-year-old daughter Katie pulled her unruly lamb into the arena (竞技场) of the Madison County Junior Livestock Sale.With luck，Katie wouldn't collapse，as she had during a livestock show the day before. Katie was battling cancer.This was her first chance in months to be outdoors having fun，away from hospitals and chemotherapy treatments，and she had come with high hopes for earning some sizable spending money.She had hesitated a little about her decision to part with the lamb，but with lamb averaging two dollars a pound，Katie was looking forward to a lot more than pocket money.So she centered the lamb for viewing，and the bidding began. That's when Roger Wilson，the auctioneer，had a sudden inspiration that brought some unexpected results.“We sort of let folks know that Katie had a situation that wasn't too pleasant，”was how he told it.He hoped that his introduction would push the bidding up，at least a little bit. Well，the lamb sold for $11.50 a pound，but things didn't stop there.The buyer paid up，then decided to give the lamb back so that it could be sold again. That started a chain reaction，with families buying the animal and giving it back，over and over again.When local businesses started buying and returning，the earnings really began to pile up.The first sale was the only one Katie's mom remembered. After that，she was crying too hard as the crowd kept shouting，“Resell！Resell！” Katie's lamb was sold 36 times that day，and the last buyer gave it back for good.Katie ended up with more than $16，000 for a fund to pay her medical expenses—and she still got to keep her famous lamb.It is one of the most beautiful compensations of this life that no man can sincerely try to help another without helping himself. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。与癌症作斗争的Katie在一次家畜销售活动中售卖自己的小羊，期待挣得一大笔零花钱。拍卖人将Katie的情况告知了买主们，希望可以提高出价。买主们购买然后送回小羊，最终小羊被卖了36次，Katie获得了超过16 000美元的资金来支付她的医疗费用，而且她还保留了她的小羊。 1．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．Katie pulled the lamb to the livestock show to have fun. B．Katie was actually a bit unwilling to sell her lamb. C．Katie collected money by showing the lamb in the arena. D．Katie got enough money for her chemotherapy treatment. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“She had hesitated a little about her decision to part with the lamb”可知，对于是否要卖掉小羊，Katie曾有些犹豫。由此可知，Katie 其实有点不愿意卖掉她的小羊，故选B。选项中的“a bit unwilling”与文中的“hesitated a little”是同义转换。 答案　B 2．What kind of person is Roger Wilson according to the text? A．Friendly and inspiring. B．Smart and generous. C．Helpful and sympathetic. D．Hospitable and respected. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We sort of let folks know that Katie had a situation that wasn't too pleasant” “He hoped that his introduction would push the bidding up，at least a little bit.”可知，Roger Wilson想让人们知道Katie遭遇了不好的情况，希望他的介绍可以提高人们的出价。由此可推知，Roger Wilson乐于助人且有同情心，故选C。 答案　C 3．Which one is the correct order of the story? a．Katie went to sell her lamb. b．Katie kept her lamb. c．The lamb was resold for many times. d．Katie got a cancer. e．Katie raised money for her treatment. A．d－a－c－e－b B．d－a－b－e－c C．b－e－c－d－a D．a－d－e－b－c 解析　细节理解题。文章第二段首句的“Katie was battling cancer”表明Katie正在与癌症作斗争；第二段尾句“So she centered the lamb for viewing，and the bidding began.”表明Katie要售卖自己的小羊；第四段的“The buyer paid up，then decided to give the lamb back so that it could be sold again.”和第五段的“That started a chain reaction，with families buying the animal and giving it back，over and over again.”表明小羊被多次转卖；第六段的“Katie's lamb was sold 36 times that day...she still got to keep her famous lamb.”讲小羊被卖了36次，最后的买家把它永久地还了回来，Katie最终获得了超过16 000美元的资金来支付她的医疗费用，而且她还保留了她的那只小羊。故选A。 答案　A 4．What life lesson can we learn from the story? A．Think twice before acting. B．Rescuers save themselves. C．Diligence redeems stupidity. D．Many hands make light work. 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文描述了人们通过多次购买并送回小羊的行为，帮助Katie筹集资金来支付癌症治疗费用的故事，展示了集体努力的力量，故选D项“众人拾柴火焰高”。 答案　D B (2025·重庆巴蜀中学适应性模拟)Nations with large amounts of wind and solar energy in their power grids (电网) are particularly exposed to rising energy bills due to sharp increases in the gas price.The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial (有争议的) issue as governments consider clean energy strategies，but an analysis of power prices has now provided evidence to inform the debate. Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years，but these power sources are _intermittent，generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless. Gas power plants，which can be switched on and off relatively easily，are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low.But gas is often the most expensive source of power，and electricity market rules mean the most expensive generator sets the price for the entire market. Raúl Bajo-Buenestado at the University of Navarra and his colleagues found nations with more wind and solar in their power systems were more vulnerable (易受影响) to natural gas price shocks.Spain，for example，has large volumes of solar power and is particularly sensitive to power price changes.“If you have natural gas，wind and solar，this is going to make the perfect cocktail for you to be vulnerable，” says Bajo-Buenestado. It is the need for flexible generation，alongside wind and solar that is the issue.Bajo-Buenestado points out that other nations with low-carbon power grids，such as Norway and France，rely on hydropower and nuclear technology，which are reliable generators.“We don't see a clear correlation between decarbonisation and sensitivity to natural gas price changes，” he says. Solving the problem will require nations to replace gas as the back-up fuel of choice.One answer is for grid operators to push the power system to become better able to absorb peaks and valleys in generation.“The underlying message is that getting a flexible system is now as important as building renewables，” says Michael Grubb at University College London. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了依赖风能和太阳能发电的国家在天然气价格波动下面临的能源成本上升问题。 5．What does the controversial issue in the first paragraph refer to? A．How rising gas prices will affect power grids. B．Which countries may face higher energy bills. C．What should be included in clean energy strategies. D．Whether carbon cuts are linked to varying power prices. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial issue as governments consider clean energy strategies”可以得出，有争议的问题是脱碳程度和电力价格波动的关系。 答案　D 6．What does the underlined word “intermittent”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Faulty. B．Costly. C．Unstable. D．Inefficient. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词“intermittent”可以定位至第二段。从后文“generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless”可以得知，太阳能和风能的发电依赖于天气，所以是不稳定的，与C项吻合。 答案　C 7．Why is natural gas still needed in high-renewable-energy systems? A．It helps lower energy costs. B．It can quickly fill gaps in supply. C．It ensures consistent market prices. D．It is a key driver of energy innovation. 解析　推理判断题。由题干“natural gas”定位至第三段。从“Gas power plants，which can be switched on and off relatively easily，are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low.”可以得知，人们需要在可再生能源发电量不足时依靠天然气发电厂来提供电力。 答案　B 8．What might be an ideal combination of power sources? A．Solar energy and gas. B．Nuclear energy and gas. C．Solar energy and wind. D．Nuclear energy and wind. 解析　推理判断题。从第五段中的“such as Norway and France，rely on hydropower and nuclear technology，which are reliable generators”可知，水力发电和核能发电较为可靠和稳定；从第六段中的“Solving the problem will require nations to replace gas as the back-up fuel of choice.”可知，要解决这个问题，各国需要替代目前首选的备用燃料——天然气，即天然气并不是理想的电力能源。因此核能/水力发电＋可再生能源(风能/太阳能)→更稳定、更清洁，D项正确。 答案　D C (2025·湖北部分高中协作体联考)“A lot of the time when climate change is discussed in the mainstream media，people are asking ‘can humans overcome this？’ or ‘what technology can solve this？’．It's high time we recognized that animals also have to adapt to various changes.We know some animals change their skin colors to escape from natural enemies or due to environment pollution，” says Ryding.“The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them，and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting (变形).” Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds.Several species of Australian parrot have shown，on average，a 4%－10% increase in beak(鸟喙) size since 1871，and this is positively linked with the summer temperature each year.North American dark-eyed juncos，a type of small songbird，had a link between increased beak size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments.There have also been reported changes in mammalian species.Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice and leg size increases in masked shrews(鼩鼱). “The increases in the size of some body parts we've seen so far are quite small—less than 10%—so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable，” says Ryding.“However，some body parts such as ears are predicted to increase.” Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds first-hand by 3D scanning museum bird specimens from the past 100 years.It will give her team a better understanding of which birds are changing their body parts and why.“Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are coping with climate change and that all is ‘fine’，” says Ryding.“It just means they are adapting to survive it—but we're not sure what the other ecological consequences of these changes are，or indeed that all species are capable of changing and surviving.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些动物为了适应气候等环境变化，其身体某些部位发生了变形。 9．What may cause animals' shapeshifting according to Ryding? A．Human hunting. B．Climate change. C．Natural enemies. D．Polluted surroundings. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them，and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting.”可知，动物变形是为了适应气候变化，即气候变化可能导致了动物的变形。 答案　B 10．What method does the author mainly use to develop paragraph 2? A．Giving examples. B．Cause-effect analysis. C．Making comparisons. D．Process analysis. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Several species of Australian parrot have shown...”以及“North American dark-eyed juncos，a type of small songbird...”可知，本段通过举例子的方式进行说明。 答案　A 11．What can we know from Ryding's words in the last paragraph? A．Animals can well adapt to changes and survive. B．The influence of animals' shapeshifting is uncertain. C．Ryding will research into bird museums in Australia. D．All adaptations of animals to climate change are beneficial. 解析　观点态度题。最后一段Ryding说“we're not sure what the other ecological consequences of these changes are，or indeed that all species are capable of changing and surviving”，表明动物变形可能带来的生态影响(如其他后果、是否所有物种都能适应)是不确定的(uncertain)，故选B。 答案　B 12．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text? A．Technology. B．Health care. C．Environment. D．Education. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them，and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting.”的现象引入，并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一些动物为了适应气候等环境变化，发生身体某些部位的变形，由此推测文章可能出自报纸的环境部分。 答案　C Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·山东潍坊一模)Most of us have been put on the spot in a number of different situations，whether at work or among a group of friends.__13__ However，you just aren't ready to give，whether it's because you don't know or you're not willing to share.It is really embarrassing. We've all been guilty of putting others on the spot ourselves，usually by accident.Perhaps we ask a sensitive question of a friend in a group setting，or try to push a quiet coworker to share their answers in a meeting.__14__ Putting someone on the spot though，whether intentional or not，has the effect of destroying trust in a relationship.The key to maintaining the trust in a relationship is developing your emotional intelligence.__15__ As Krauss wrote in a recent Psychology Today article，“A sign that you're not as sensitive as you could be when you pressure people is that others try to stay away from you to the extent that they can.” __16__ Are people born with the ability to develop a high level of emotional intelligence，or is that something they are taught? Although the answer is probably a little bit of both，strengthening your emotional intelligence is definitely something we can all do.__17__ Listening，empathizing (共情)，and reflecting are strategies that many of us have developed with time to strengthen our emotional intelligence，whether with the help of a professional or through our own trial-and-error. A．People are fed up with the dull and long wait. B．It can help us understand and handle a confusing situation. C．Even，we just want to make someone we don't like uneasy. D.A core part of that is being able to perceive how others feel. E．A set of eyes turns toward you with the expectation of an answer. F．Many of us have got more emotionally intelligent as we get older. G．There is a debate on whether emotional intelligence is inborn(天生的) or not. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“put someone on the spot(让人难堪)”这一行为的影响，并提出了通过培养情商来维持信任的方法。 13．解析　空后提到“你确实没有准备好给出答案，无论是因为你不知道还是因为你不愿分享”。由此推出，此空提到了需要回答问题的情况。E项(一双眼睛转向你，期待你回答)符合语境。故选E。 答案　E 14．解析　前文列举了无意中(by accident)让人难堪的例子：问了一个敏感的问题和让一个内向的同事分享观点。C项(甚至我们只是想让我们不喜欢的人不自在)提出了故意让人难堪的情况，与前文的例子形成对比，且与第三段首句中的“Putting someone on the spot though，whether intentional or not”呼应。故选C。 答案　C 15．解析　前文提到维系信任的关键是提高情商。后文引用了Krauss在《今日心理学》的一篇文章中写的内容“当你向他人施压时，你并没有做到应有的体谅他人的一个迹象使别人会尽可能地远离你”。D项(其中一个核心就是有能力察觉他人的感受)点明了情商的核心，又能引出后文情商低的表现。故选D。 答案　D 16．解析　后文“虽然答案是两者都有一点”是对前文问题的回答。G项提出了争论，且“whether...or not”与后文“the answer is probably a little bit of both”形成问答关系。故选G。 答案　G 17．解析　前文提到可以通过努力提升情商，后文列举具体方法。F项作为过渡，指出“情商随年龄增长而提高”的现象，既承接前文的“情商可以得到提升”，又自然引出后文的提升策略。故选F。 答案　F 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $