必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，整合语篇理解与语言运用，系统提炼细节理解、词义猜测等题型解法，构建“语篇分析-方法迁移-思维提升”逻辑链。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题（飓风救援/闪电影响）|细节定位、语境猜词、意图推断、主旨归纳|从具体信息到深层含义，培养语言理解与跨文化意识| |完形填空|1篇15空（山火记忆）|语境分析、情感线索、词汇辨析|依托叙事语篇，提升逻辑思维与语言表达能力| |语法填空|1篇10空（漂浮耕作）|非谓语判断、从句引导词、时态语态|语法知识在真实语篇中的应用，强化语言建构能力|

[对应知能达标训练P493] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·江西南昌高三模拟)Annie Smith，32，went into labor as floodwaters from Hurricane Harvey surrounded her apartment.With the roads underwater，the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.Annie and her husband，Greg，both doctors，began preparing for a home birth. Greg rushed to gather supplies—scissors，sewing needles—while his mother boiled water to sterilize (消毒) them.“I'm really starting to get scared now，” Annie told Greg as the reality set in.A neighbor，checking on the Smiths，sent an email to their apartment complex's message board asking for help.Within 30 minutes，at least 15 people showed up，including medical trainees from the complex. Meanwhile，the couple had been continuously dialing 911 but never got an answer.Finally，a call to the director of Annie's fellowship program led to action.The director's father，who lived near a fire station，walked there to explain the situation. Around noon，a rescue truck arrived.By then，the water had reached to a formidable level that the vehicle couldn't get close.The Smiths' neighbors and firefighters formed a human chain to help Annie Smith to the back of the flatbed truck.“I held onto them one person at a time，” Annie Smith said，moving on her hands and knees along their arms until she reached the ladder safely.She sat on a blanket in the truck，a shower curtain over her head，as they drove through the flood. The Smiths arrived at Texas Children's Hospital about 15 minutes later.An hour later，their daughter Adrielle was born，weighing 7 pounds and 6 ounces.The couple，exhausted but relieved，appreciated the neighbors and firemen who had come to their aid.“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us，” Annie said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Annie Smith即将分娩却因飓风洪水无法前往医院。 邻居、同事和消防员协作助其脱险并成功分娩，Annie Smith 非常感激大家的帮助。 1．Why did the Smiths at first prepare for a home birth? A．The hospital was inaccessible. B．Drivers were hard to reach. C．They were suggested by doctors. D．The emergency services were off duty. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的 “With the roads underwater，the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.”可知，道路被水淹没，开车两英里去医院是不可能的。 答案　A 2．Who played a crucial role in calling the rescue truck? A．A neighbor. B．Greg's mother. C．A medical trainee. D．The director's father. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Finally，a call to the director...The director's father...walked there to explain the situation.”和第四段中的“Around noon，a rescue truck arrived.”可知，最后，给Annie所在的奖学金项目负责人打了一通电话后，事情有了转机。负责人的父亲住在一个消防站附近，他走到那里去说明了情况。大约中午时分，一辆救援车抵达了。所以是负责人的父亲在叫救援车这一事件中发挥了重要作用。 答案　D 3．What does the underlined word “formidable” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Scary. B．Awesome. C．Average. D．Normal. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the vehicle couldn't get close”可知，救援车无法靠近，所以当时的水位已经达到了一个很高的、很让人害怕的水平。 答案　A 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To record an unforgettable disaster. B．To remember the respected firemen. C．To praise the love within the community. D．To raise funds for Annie's fellowship program. 解析　写作意图题。根据文章内容尤其是第五段的“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us”可知，Annie Smith遇到困难，但是她的邻居、同事和消防员这么多人回应并试图帮助她。所以可以推测，作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬社区里的爱。 答案　C B (2025·江苏南京学情调研)Somewhere in the sky，lightning is forming.Although the possibility of getting struck in your lifetime is roughly 1 in 12，000，a human does provide an attractive target for lightning bolts (闪电).Here's what you should expect if you ever find yourself in the path of lightning. A lot can happen in the three milliseconds it takes for a lightning bolt to course through your body.Lightning strikes may leave you with deep wounds，often accompanied with third-degree burns.Your clothes might even be torn by the explosive force of the surrounding air being superheated to up to 27，700 ℃.Blood vessels (血管) exploding from the electric shock and heat often create something called a Lichtenberg figure on your skin.This is a pattern of scars (伤疤) that branches out across your body like a tree. But it doesn't end there.You might also be faced with a lifetime of neurological (神经系统的) conditions for reasons that scientists still don't fully understand.It's also possible that you will suffer pain. In some cases，however，a lightning strike can lead to strange super talents.In a blog post，University of Miami neuroscientist Berit Brogaard writes about an incident where a surgeon who was struck by lightning developed an urge to learn to play the piano.He began to compose music he had started hearing in his head since the strike.This type of phenomenon confuses scientists. One theory that Brogaard says is that cell death caused by being struck by lightning could cause a one-time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters (神经递质) that are released from the dying neurons (神经元).This causes a rewiring of neurons，providing access to areas of the brain that were previously inaccessible. Cool as it would be，you shouldn't count on lightning turning you into a genius in one flash.Most of its results are painful，and could stay with you for the rest of your life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。虽然人一生中被闪电击中的可能性大约是1/12 000，但被闪电击中可能对人体产生重大影响，不仅仅是身体伤害，还可能是终身的神经系统疾病。 5．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．1 in 12，000 may die from lightning bolts. B．Lightning attacks can heat bodies to 27，700 ℃. C．Branching scars are typical after lightning attacks. D．Humans are the most likely target for lightning bolts. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Blood vessels (血管) exploding from the electric shock and heat often create something called a Lichtenberg figure... branches out across your body like a tree.”可知，血管在电击和高温下爆裂，通常会在皮肤上形成一种叫做利希滕贝格图样的东西。这是一种伤疤的图案，像树一样在身体上伸展开来。由此可知，分支形伤疤是闪电击中后的典型特征，故选C。 答案　C 6．What happened to the surgeon after the strike? A．His unexplored brain areas were activated. B．His brain was left in a fixed state of death. C．He suffered a lifetime of neurological pain. D．He recalled hidden memories about music. 解析　推理判断题。第四段提到一位被闪电击中的外科医生产生了学习弹钢琴的冲动，开始创作自从被击中以来他脑海中一直听到的音乐。第五段解释了被闪电击中导致的细胞死亡可能会导致大脑中一次性充斥着神经递质，这些神经递质是从死亡的神经元中释放出来的。这会导致神经元的重新布线，为以前无法进入的大脑区域提供通道。由此可推知，被闪电击中后，这位外科医生以往未被开发的大脑区域被激活了。故选A。 答案　A 7．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 5? A．The cell death due to lightning strikes. B．The flooding of brain's neurotransmitters. C．The rewiring of brain neurons. D．The release of dying neurons. 解析　代词指代题。根据语境可知，此处“This”指代上文提到的名词短语“a one-time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters”，即大脑神经递质的泛滥。故选B。 答案　B 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The process of lightning formation. B．The chances of surviving a lightning strike. C．The possibility of lightning making a genius. D．The consequences of being struck by lightning. 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了被闪电击中的后果，故选D。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·四川成都二诊)I grew up in Pacific Palisades，one of the Los Angeles neighborhoods burned down by the wildfires.As a small town，it was a__9__ place since everyone got on well. But today，it has been__10__ the map.Now I'm standing on a street where my favorite restaurant，Cafe Vida，once stood.It is __11__．Closing my eyes，I could list dozens of places that are __12__ of my childhood and are no longer here. Fires were a part of my childhood and there was always the__13__ of them.But never had I __14__ that there would be such a(n) __15__．And yet，that is what __16__ happened. While I am__17__ the wildfires，my friends are texting，asking me to __18__ if their homes are still standing.As a journalist，no matter what events I'm reporting，I love connecting with other people.This way，I feel something __19__ about being here，in a place I know so well，using the tools that I've learned on this job to help __20__ this story.But it is also very emotional，because you don't truly __21__ the town at the moment.In a way，doing this job is part of my __22__ experience for the Palisades. This is about people right now.Everything is gone，but we're still here and we still have each other，and that's what__23__ is going to be all about. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在被山火摧毁的Pacific Palisades进行报道的亲身经历。 9．A．popular B．special C．suitable D．lovely 解析　根据空后的“everyone got on well”可知，这是一个温馨、美好(lovely)的社区。 答案　D 10．A．hidden from B．stuck to C．wiped off D．added to 解析　根据第一段中的“burned down by the wildfires”可知，这个小镇已经被从地图上抹去了(wiped off)。 答案　C 11．A．old B．gone C．strange D．lively 解析　It指代作者最爱的餐厅Cafe Vida。根据上文“burned down”和空后的“no longer here”可知，这家餐厅已经不复存在(gone)。 答案　B 12．A．memories B．dreams C．pities D．remains 解析　此处表示作者可以列出许多被毁掉的童年回忆(memories)中的地方。 答案　A 13．A．disappointment B．fear C．delight D．relief 解析　根据前文“Fires were a part of my childhood”可知，火灾是作者童年的一部分，作者总是对火灾充满恐惧(fear)。 答案　B 14．A．remembered B．imagined C．admitted D．reminded 解析　此处表示作者从未想象过(imagined)会有这样的灾难。 答案　B 15．A．adventure B．campaign C．accident D．disaster 解析　根据上文wildfires和最后一段中的“Everything is gone”可知，这是一场灾难(disaster)。 答案　D 16．A．exactly B．eventually C．suddenly D．usually 解析　句意：然而，这就是的的确确发生的事情。exactly 确实。 答案　A 17．A．investigating B．fighting C．covering D．watching 解析　根据空后的“As a journalist”和“reporting”可知，作者正在报道(covering)这场火灾。 答案　C 18．A．check B．guess C．determine D．tell 解析　此处表示作者的朋友们发来信息，请作者帮忙检查(check)他们的房子是否幸存。 答案　A 19．A．beautiful B．hopeful C．frightening D．annoying 解析　根据“in a place I know so well”和“using the tools that I've learned on this job to help...”可知，作者是在这个熟悉的地方做有意义的工作，所以感到美好(beautiful)。 答案　A 20．A．witness B．share C．make D．change 解析　根据上文“As a journalist”可知，作者是一名记者，职责是报道新闻，分享(share)故事。 答案　B 21．A．understand B．protect C．record D．access 解析　根据because判断前后为因果关系。由“it is also very emotional”可知，后面说明原因是作者当下无法真正进入(access)小镇。 答案　D 22．A．worrying B．awkward C．painful D．boring 解析　doing this job指作者报道小镇山火。上文提到当下无法真正进入小镇，因此，报道这一事件是痛苦(painful)的经历。 答案　C 23．A．giving in B．sitting back C．holding on D．moving forward 解析　根据空前的“we're still here and we still have each other”可知，人们将继续前行(moving forward)。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·山东聊城二模)In the Nazirpur subdistrict，located in Bangladesh's riverine district of Pirojpur，combatting the harmful consequences of flood was found 24.________(challenge).Over the past 25 years，45-year-old farmer Mohammad Kawsar Mia，25.________(follow) the traditions of his ancestors，has practiced “floating cultivation (漂浮耕作)”，26.________ method that is valuable for numerous families in flood regions. In these areas 27.________flood lasts for eight to ten months annually，farmers have difficulty in practicing traditional farming on solid ground.28.________ response，farmers，such as Mia，have made floating beds using water plants.With these beds，they can grow a variety of crops，such as eggplants and leafy vegetables.The amazing farming technique is passed down from one generation to the next without 29.________(interrupt)，helping to relieve the poverty of local families. With the rainy season becoming 30.________(increase) unstable，floating agriculture has been gaining importance.At this time of year，about 20% of the country's surface area 31.________(flood)，which makes techniques like floating cultivation crucial 32.________(achieve) food security. Additionally，the government's support，if properly 33.________(manage)，will further boost this sustainable practice. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过具体案例展示了孟加拉国Nazirpur应对洪涝灾害的传统农业智慧。 24．解析　考查词性转换。此处表示“人们发现应对洪水的有害后果具有挑战性”。设空处作主语补足语，表示“有挑战性的”，应用形容词形式。故填challenging。 答案　challenging 25．解析　考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处是动词的非谓语形式作状语，与其逻辑主语Mohammad Kawsar Mia之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填following。 答案　following 26．解析　考查冠词。此处表示“一种对洪涝地区的众多家庭都很有价值的方法”，表泛指，应用冠词。故填a。 答案　a 27．解析　考查定语从句。句意：在这些每年洪水持续八到十个月的地区，农民很难在坚实的土地上进行传统耕作。设空处引导的定语从句对areas进行修饰，设空处在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词。故填where。 答案　where 28．解析　考查介词。in response是固定短语，意为“作为回应”。 答案　In 29．解析　考查词性转换。句意：这种惊人的农业技术代代相传，从未中断，有助于缓解当地家庭的贫困。without interruption不间断地。 答案　interruption 30．解析　考查词性转换。句意：随着雨季变得越来越不稳定，漂浮农业的重要性日益凸显。设空处修饰形容词unstable，应用副词形式。故填increasingly。 答案　increasingly 31．解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示“每年这个时候，该国约20%的面积都会被洪水淹没”。设空处作谓语，与句子主语about 20% of the country's surface area(单数)构成被动关系，且表示经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is flooded。 答案　is flooded 32．解析　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“这使得漂浮耕作等技术对于实现粮食安全至关重要”。设空处作定语从句中的目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to achieve。 答案　to achieve 33．解析　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：此外，如果管理得当，政府的支持将进一步推动这一可持续做法。设空处是动词的非谓语形式作条件状语，与其逻辑主语the government's support之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填managed。 答案　managed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $