必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，融合解题方法提炼与跨主题语篇逻辑，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（环保/数字数据）|段落大意题抓数据对比、细节题定位指代、推理题分析态度词|说明文结构（现象-分析-结论）与批判性思维的结合| |完形填空|1篇（记叙文）|语境词汇辨析、动作链逻辑推理|通过叙事线索（发现-救助-感悟）构建情感与哲理关联| |语法填空|1篇（文化遗产）|非谓语作结果状语、定语从句关系词、时态与主谓一致|语法规则（词法/句法）在文化主题语篇中的应用|

[对应知能达标训练P474] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·重庆八中第六次月考)Glass is a useful material for everything，from preserving food to carrying the signals that power the Internet.So essential is glass to human development that the United Nations named 2022 the International Year of Glass to celebrate its contribution to cultural and scientific development. Glass has sometimes been referred to as a material which can infinitely be recycled without impacting its quality，purity or durability，as a result of which，in Europe，the average glass recycling rate is 76%，compared to 41% for plastic packaging and 31% for wooden packaging. Unlike plastics，which break down into microplastics that can leach into (渗入) our soils and water，glass is non-toxic.“Glass is mainly made of silica，which is a natural substance，” says Franziska Trautmann，the co-founder of Glass Half Full，a New Orleans-based company that recycles glass into sand that can be used for coastal restoration and disaster relief.Because of this，glass is often regarded as a more sustainable alternative to plastic. However，glass bottles have a higher environmental footprint than plastic and other bottled container materials including drink cartons and aluminum cans.The mining of silica sand can cause significant environmental damage，ranging from land worsening to the loss of biodiversity.Some studies have also shown that extended exposure to silica dust can pose a public health risk，as it can lead to acute silicosis，an irreversible，long-term lung disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust over an extended period of time. There is no doubt that glass still plays an important role in many industries.Its durability and non-toxic properties make it ideal for foods and materials which require preserving.However，the common assumption that glass is sustainable merely because it is infinitely recyclable is misleading.Considering its entire lifecycle，glass production may be equally as harmful to the environment as plastic.The next time you want to discard a glass bottle，perhaps consider reusing it first.Glass is a resilient，long-lasting material that is not made to be thrown away after only being used once. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玻璃作为一种重要材料的优缺点，重点分析了其环保特性以及生产过程中可能带来的环境问题。 1．What is the main focus of paragraph 2? A．The chemical properties of glass are very stable. B．The recycling rate of glass is comparatively high. C．The role of glass purity in industrial applications. D．The energy efficiency of glass recycling processes. 解析　段落大意题。根据文章第二段中的“in Europe，the average glass recycling rate is 76%，compared to 41% for plastic packaging and 31% for wooden packaging”可知，本段主要通过数据对比突出玻璃的高回收率。故选B。 答案　B 2．Why is glass often considered a more sustainable alternative to plastic? A．It requires less energy to produce than plastic. B．It is lighter and easier to transport than plastic. C．Its production does not release any toxic substance. D．Its natural composition reduces environmental harm. 解析　细节理解题。第三段最后一句“Because of this，glass is often regarded as a more sustainable alternative to plastic.”中的this指代上文提到的两个关键信息：“glass is non-toxic”和“Glass is mainly made of silica，which is a natural substance”。这两点共同构成了玻璃是更可持续的替代品的原因。故选D。 答案　D 3．What environmental issue is specifically linked to silica sand mining? A．Pollution of drinking water sources. B．Increased greenhouse gas emissions. C．Land destruction and biodiversity loss. D．High energy consumption during processing. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The mining of silica sand can cause significant environmental damage，ranging from land worsening to the loss of biodiversity.”可知，硅砂开采会造成土地破坏和生物多样性丧失。故选C。 答案　C 4．What is the author's attitude towards the shared assumption in the last paragraph? A．Critical. B．Tolerant. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the common assumption that glass is sustainable merely because it is infinitely recyclable is misleading”以及“glass production may be equally as harmful to the environment as plastic”可知，作者对该假设持批判态度。故选A。 答案　A B (2025·山东日照一模)Every time we make a new video or send an email，or post a photo of our latest meal，it's like turning on a small light bulb (灯泡) that'll never be turned off.This points to an uncomfortable and extremely modern question: To help save the planet，should we be using less data? Given how much of modern life depends on digital data，the answer could be a key aspect to living nobly in the AI age. Why do posts produce carbon at all? When you send a post on social media，it goes along a chain of energy-burning electronics.Your Wi-Fi router sends the signal along wires to the local exchange—the box on the street corner—and from there to a telecoms company，and from there to huge data centers operated by the tech giants.Each of those runs on electricity，and it all adds up. Today，about 400 million homes worldwide have at least one “smart” device—curtains，electric cookers，refrigerators，and pads.By 2028，that figure is expected to nearly double.We are，in other words，being taken into a world where it's harder to do anything without turning on a digital light bulb.This puts eco-conscious consumers in_a_bind．After all，who would like to be someone that can't get their information properly because they're too busy keeping the carbon footprint of their searches down? In the absence of systemic change，worrying over our individual data-usage decisions is “like trying to hold back a flood with a bucket and spade (铁铲).” Still，there's something we can do.When we face a digital decision，the less data-thirsty option will often be the smarter one.Blocking third-party tracking when we're on the web，for example，not only reduces the power consumption of Internet browsing; it's also good for your privacy.More fundamentally，maybe we don't need to turn everything into data.If I put down my phone the next time I'm on a train，it won't save the planet.But I'll be looking out the window with my own eyes，creating a memory that releases no carbon at all. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字数据使用对环境的影响以及个人的应对措施。 5．What does the author imply about data usage? A．It is energy-consuming. B．It is easy and convenient. C．Its negative effects are ignored. D．Its benefits are underestimated. 解析　推理判断题。文章首句将数据使用(制作一个新的视频、发送一封电子邮件或发布一张最近一顿饭的照片)比喻成“打开一盏永远不会关闭的小灯”，暗示了持续耗能。第二段详细说明发帖是如何消耗电力的。由此可以推知，数据使用是耗能的(energy-consuming)。故选A。 答案　A 6．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．To entertain. B．To inform. C．To persuade. D．To inspire. 解析　推理判断题。第二段说明了数据从个人设备传输到数据中心的路径及各环节对电力的依赖。由此推知，第二段的主要目的是向读者传递信息，解释发帖为何会产生碳排放。故选B。 答案　B 7．What do the underlined words “in a bind” mean in paragraph 3? A．At risk. B．At a loss. C．At ease. D．At a disadvantage. 解析　词义猜测题。上文介绍了智能设备的数量快速增长，导致人们几乎做任何事情都会耗能。此处指这导致有环保意识的消费者陷入某种状态。结合画线词后一句可推知，有环保意识的消费者既想减少碳足迹，又不想影响信息获取，陷入了两难的境地。故选B(不知所措)。 答案　B 8．What does the author emphasize concerning carbon reduction in the last paragraph? A．The removal of digital data. B．The promotion of ecotourism. C．The value of personal contribution. D．The significance of systemic change. 解析　推理判断题。最后一段第二句“Still，there's something we can do.”表明我们要采取措施。作者在本段给了具体的建议，由作者提及的减少数据使用的例子“If I put down my phone the next time I'm on a train，it won't save the planet.But I'll be looking out the window with my own eyes，creating a memory that releases no carbon at all.”可以看出，作者认为我们可以在日常生活中做出更环保的选择。由此推断，作者强调了个人贡献的价值。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·湖南长沙新高考适应性考试)I had just finished walking my dog as it got dark.We headed home and walked into the __9__．A flicker (闪烁) of light caught my eye just as I __10__ the door.I turned my head to see that a __11__ firefly had flown in with us through the open __12__ and was now crazily trying to __13__．As it flew slowly towards the wall，I quickly but __14__ closed my fingers around it.I could feel its little wings beat against my __15__ and a flash of light shown through my fingers.I opened the back door and __16__ outside.Then I opened my hand and watched it fly away flashing its light in the __17__． Before I walked back in，I took the __18__ to look over the grassland behind my home.There were hundreds of fireflies flickering.Each time their lights came on，I smiled.It was so amazing that such little creatures could __19__ so much light.I stood there in awe. __20__ the lightening fireflies made me think of the light each of us __21__ inside of ourselves.Often it flickers and is not steady or even very bright.Yet，every time we shine it，we grow a little brighter.And every time we __22__ the light，we can __23__ the light in others to shine as well. Do your best to shine your light even if you think it is a mere flicker.You are a lot brighter than you think. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者遛狗回来开门回屋时，一只萤火虫跟着飞了进来。在作者的帮助下，它又重新回到户外花园里。那样小的动物竟能发出那么多的光让作者感到惊奇，由此作者想到人类也应该尽力分享光，唤醒他人也分享光。 9．A．forest B．house C．grassland D．garden 解析　根据文章首句“I had just finished walking my dog as it got dark.We headed home and walked into the”可知，天黑了，“我”遛完狗回家进屋，故选B(house“房屋”)。 答案　B 10．A．kicked B．repaired C．touched D．closed 解析　根据上文的“walked into the”和下文的“I opened the back door”可知，“我”关门(closed)时一抹亮光引起了“我”的注意。 答案　D 11．A．blind B．familiar C．tiny D．dangerous 解析　根据下文的“I could feel its little wings”“such little creatures”可知，“我”转过头来，看到一只小萤火虫和“我们”一起飞了进来，故选C(tiny“极小的，微小的”)。 答案　C 12．A．cage B．hand C．door D．sky 解析　根据上文的“A flicker (闪现) of light...the door”可知，一只小萤火虫从开着的门外飞(door)了进来。 答案　C 13．A．get out B．fight back C．speed up D．stay on 解析　根据上文可知，这是萤火虫在“我”开门时不小心飞到屋内，正疯狂地试图飞出去，故选A(get out “逃离，离开”)。fight back“奋力抵抗，反击”；speed up“(使)加速”；stay on“继续停留”。 答案　A 14．A．gently B．warmly C．similarly D．regularly 解析　根据上文的quickly 以及转折关系连词but可知，“我”快速但轻轻地(gently)合拢手指抓住了萤火虫。 答案　A 15．A．head B．heart C．skin D．eye 解析　根据上文的“closed my fingers around it”可知，“我”能感觉到萤火虫的小翅膀拍打着“我”的皮肤，故选C(skin “皮肤”)。 答案　C 16．A．escaped B．stepped C．survived D．waited 解析　根据下文的“Then I opened my hand and watched it fly away”可知，“我”打开后门，走到外面，故选B(step “迈步，跨步”)。 答案　B 17．A．trees B．noise C．crowds D．darkness 解析　根据文章首句“I had just finished walking my dog as it got dark.”可知，“我”张开手，看着萤火虫飞走，在黑暗(darkness)中闪烁着光芒，故选D。 答案　D 18．A．wish B．plan C．time D．promise 解析　根据下文的“to look over grassland behind my home”可知，“我”花了点时间(time)去看“我”家后面的草地。 答案　C 19．A．reflect B．produce C．stand D．absorb 解析　根据上文的“There were hundreds of fireflies flickering.Each time their lights came on”可知，“我”对于这些小萤火虫能发出这么多光感到惊讶，故选B (produce “引起，生产”)。 答案　B 20．A．Watching B．Catching C．Guiding D．Rescuing 解析　根据上文的“look over the grassland behind my home.There were hundreds of fireflies flickering...I smiled”可知，“我”看着萤火虫在黑暗中闪烁着光芒，故选A (watch “看，注视，观察”)。 答案　A 21．A．misses B．receives C．blocks D．carries 解析　根据上文的“the light each of us”和下文的“inside of ourselves”可知，此处指的是我们每个人内部携带(carry)的光。 答案　D 22．A．hide B．share C．avoid D．understand 解析　根据上文的“every time we shine it，we grow a little brighter”可知，“我”此处是在进一步说明，每一次我们分享光，我们就能唤醒其他人身上的光也闪耀起来，故选B(share “分享”)。 答案　B 23．A．awaken B．follow C．request D．permit 解析　根据上文的“every time we shine it，we grow a little brighter”和下文的“the light in others to shine as well”可知，每一次我们分享光，我们就能唤醒其他人身上的光也闪耀起来，故选A (awaken “唤醒”)。 答案　A Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·辽宁名校联盟调研五)In downtown Ningbo，a historic city of learning and culture in East China's Zhejiang Province，there lies a library.It has survived for more than 450 years，24.________(make) it the oldest not only in China but also in Asia，and one of the oldest private 25.________(library) in the world. Founded by Fan Qin，26.________official of the Ming Dynasty，the library，Tianyige，attracts a number of tourists with its unique architectural design，27.________(value) collections of ancient books，and unique antimoisture (防潮) techniques，28.________ are needed given the terrible downpours in the rainy season. Despite the challenges，the Tianyige Library has 29.________(successful) preserved nearly 300，000 ancient books by improving its moisture-proof and insect-repelling(驱虫) measures，as well as its book restoration techniques. According to the Fan family's strict rules，outsiders were not allowed 30.________(enter) the library and none of the books could be taken out.Although Tianyige is no longer privately owned，the library still follows the tradition of its original owners to ensure the 31.________(preserve) of the books. To allow the visitors to gain a deeper understanding of this ancient heritage and a closer insight into the 300，000 volumes，the library 32.________(digitalize) the ancient books at the moment，which will make 33.________ possible for more people to appreciate the ancient books. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最古老的私人藏书楼——宁波天一阁的历史价值、建筑特色、藏书保护措施以及数字化创新等。 24．解析　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：它(天一阁)已存在四百五十余年，使其成为中国乃至亚洲最古老的图书馆，也成为全球最古老的私人图书馆之一。设空处作结果状语，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填making。 答案　making 25．解析　考查名词的复数形式。此处为“one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”结构。故填libraries。 答案　libraries 26．解析　考查冠词。此处表示“天一阁由明代一位官员范钦创建”。此处泛指“一位官员”，official的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 答案　an 27．解析　考查词性转换。此处表示“以其独特的建筑设计、珍贵的馆藏古籍和与众不同的防潮技术吸引了大量游客”。设空处修饰名词collections(收藏品)，应用形容词形式。故填valuable。 答案　valuable 28．解析　考查定语从句。此处表示“防潮技术是必需的”。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为antimoisture techniques，应用关系代词which指代。 答案　which 29．解析　考查词性转换。此处表示“天一阁成功保存近三十万卷古籍”。设空处修饰谓语动词has preserved，应用副词形式。 答案　successfully 30．解析　考查动词的非谓语形式。allow sb to do sth的被动形式为sb be allowed to do sth。故填to enter。 答案　to enter 31．解析　考查词性转换。此处表示“遵循传统以确保书籍的保存”。设空处前有定冠词the，应用名词形式。故填preservation。 答案　preservation 32．解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示“该图书馆正在数字化古籍”。根据时间状语at the moment可知，此处应用现在进行时。主语为单数，故填is digitalizing。 答案　is digitalizing 33．解析　考查代词。此处表示“图书馆数字化古籍这件事情使更多人欣赏古籍成为可能”。make it possible to do结构中，it作形式宾语，代替后置的不定式。 答案　it 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $