选择性必修第四册 Unit 6 Space and beyond（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考语法、词汇、写作核心考点，按“基础语法—词汇深化—写作实战”逻辑架构知识点，通过单句语法填空、语境运用夯实语法，熟词生义、构词法模块深化词汇，应用文与读后续写训练提升输出能力，结合考点梳理、方法指导、真题演练环节，系统帮助学生突破难点。 讲义以语言能力和思维品质培养为核心，创新“词汇多维训练”（如shadow一词多义辨析）和“句式升级策略”（如分词作状语转换），设计分层练习（单句到语篇）与场景化写作活动，确保学生高效掌握考点，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

[对应学生用书P249] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Accustomed (accustom) to climbing the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the peak，even in snowy conditions. 2．The team composed (compose) of seven members felt optimistic about being able to win the championship in the Olympic Games. 3．Some villages in that area don't have a well，so people have to walk a mile to_fetch (fetch) water with containers. 4．Tragically (tragic)，the Challenger space shuttle taking off on 28 January 1986 exploded in mid-air，which resulted in the loss of all seven crew members and shocked the world. 5．(人教选必二U5)Chen Wei，a high school student in Beijing，had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming (scream) from another table. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．You are expected to submit your homework on time.The final time for the submission is 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon.(submit) 2．The activity has to be suspended due to something unexpected，and no one knows how long the suspension will last.(suspend) 3．Although a lot of stars are visible at night，most stars，actually，are invisible to the naked eye.(visible) 4．Without exception，in common with most young people，Michael lives an unexceptional life.(exceptional) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．她在公共演讲方面的经验不如她的同学们丰富，但她学得很快。(人物描写) She is less_experienced_in_public_speaking_than_her_classmates，but she's a quick learner. 2．她似乎已经知道了比赛结果，因为当我告诉她她得了一等奖时，她一点也不惊讶。(情绪描写) She appeared to_have_known_the_result_of_the_competition as she showed no surprise at all when I told her that she had won first prize. 3．这座古寺被认为建于800多年前，其原始的木质结构至今仍保存完好。 The_ancient_temple_is_believed_to_have_been_built over 800 years ago，and its original wooden structure has been well-preserved to this day. [对应学生用书P250] shadow n.坏影响，阴影；影子 v.投下阴影；跟踪 (1)in shadow　在暗处 in/under the shadow of sth　在某事/物的阴影下 in sb's shadow＝in the shadow of sb　在某人的光环之下 (2)cast/throw a shadow/shadows on... 在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影 [练透]　语段填空/完成句子 ①On his way to school，little Tom was_shadowed (shadow) by a stranger last Friday.What's worse，he found the same person standing in the shadow of the tree the next day，which cast a shadow on his mind. ②阳光透过树叶，在下面的草地上投射出复杂的影子，营造出美丽而宁静的景象。(场景描写) The sun shone through the leaves，casting/throwing_intricate_shadows_on_the_grass_below，creating a beautiful and serene scene. ③他转身离开她，脸庞隐没在阴影中，隐藏着他不愿显露的痛苦与悔恨。(动作＋情绪描写) He turned away from her，his_face_in_shadow，hiding the pain and regret that he couldn't bear to reveal.(独立主格) submit v.提交；顺从，屈服(☞submission n.提交的文件；屈服；服从) submit to　服从于；屈从于 submit oneself to...　使自己甘受……的摆布；服从…… submit...to...　向……提交…… [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We've received about 120 submissions (submit).The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于命运，我一定能成功的。”(情感描写) David wiped away his tears，held his head high，and said firmly，“I will_not_submit_(myself)to_fate．I am sure to succeed.” ③对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前把申请书和相关资料提交给班主任。(通知) Those who are interested in the summer camp are supposed to submit_the_applications_and_relevant_materials_to_the_head_teacher by May 15. become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事 (1)accustomed adj.　习惯的；通常的，惯常的 be/get accustomed to (doing) sth　习惯于(做)某事 (2)accustom v.　使适应，使习惯 accustom sb/oneself to (doing) sth　使某人习惯于(做)某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Teenagers should be banned from smoking，because once their bodies become accustomed to nicotine，they will be addicted to it. ②For those accustomed (accustom) to a comfortable life，the change to remote areas must have been very hard indeed. ③The old man is used to living in the countryside，and he always finds it hard to live in the city. →Accustomed_to_living_in_the_countryside，the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语) →Accustoming_himself_to_living_in_the_countryside，the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语) 动词不定式的完成式 教材原句：When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved. 当“挑战者号”航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，全世界似乎已经对相关宇航员所获得的惊人成就不再感到惊奇。 不定式的三种形式： (1)一般式(to do)，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之后； (2)进行式(to be doing)，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行； (3)完成式(to have done)，表示动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①These sounds seemed to_be (be) from another world and the child listened to them with wonder.(译林必修二U4) ②Hearing his mother's footsteps approaching his room，he quickly turned off the computer and pretended to_be_sleeping (sleep) when his mother entered his room. ③罗丝比赛之前一点儿也不紧张。她好像对此做好了充分的准备。(心理描写) Rose showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed to_have_prepared_for it pretty well. [对应学生用书P251] 　熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI.角度 2．(2024·全国甲卷)They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.令人惊叹的 3．He's a straightforward guy—he'll tell you exactly what he thinks，no lies or excuses.坦率的 　一词多义 1．shadow A．n.影子 B．n.昏暗处；背光处　C．n.阴影，坏影响 D．n.少许；一丁点 (1)I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows，which made me feel uneasy and a bit scared.__B__ (2)(译林必修二U2)I discovered that tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang，which are believed to form the unity of opposites.Neither can exist independent of the other; for example，there is no shadow without light.__A__ (3)(译林必修一U4)Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.If you have friends who are good-looking or have a great fashion sense，it can feel like you are living in their shadow.__C__ (4)A shadow of a smile touched her lips as she thought about the happy memories they had together.__D__ 2．suspend A．v.悬挂、吊起 B．v.停职；停学　C．v.暂停，中止 (1)The student was suspended from school for fighting with classmates，and had to write a review.__B__ (2)She suspended a small lantern from the ceiling to decorate the room for the festival.__A__ (3)The match was suspended for 30 minutes because of heavy rain，and then continued.__C__ 　破解构词法密码 前缀sub- 含义 表示“在……之下”或“低于”“次要的、副的” 例词 sub-＋way n.路→subway n.地铁；地下通道 sub-＋soil n.土壤→subsoil n.底土；下层土壤 sub-＋standard adj.标准→substandard adj.低于标准的；不合格的 sub-＋committee n.委员会→subcommittee n.小组委员会；分会 写出下列黑体词的含义 1．Small as they are，atoms are made up of still smaller units known as subatomic particles.亚原子的 2．Aiming to assist and spread love to the disabled people，we will offer help in subway stations nearby on May 21st.地铁 3．The scuba diver took a deep breath and submerged slowly into the clear ocean water to observe the coral reefs.潜入 4．During the scientific expedition，the team used a submarine to dive 5，000 meters deep and collect samples of deep-sea organisms.潜水艇 5．His subconscious fear of failure made him avoid taking any risks，even when the opportunity was good.潜意识的 [对应学生用书P253] Ⅰ.应用文写作提分练 短文(科学精神)3段式：引入主题→介绍科学家应具备的品质→说明原因 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵全文。 假定你是李华，本期你校英语报讨论版块发起的话题为“你认为科学家最应该具备的品质是什么”。请你用英语写一篇短文向该版块投稿，内容包括：1.科学家最应该具备的品质；2.说明原因。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇) 1．科学研究的职位在各种各样的领域都有，但杰出的科学家却具备相似的品质。 Positions in scientific research are available in a wide variety of fields，but the_qualities_of_an exceptional scientist_are_similar． 2．他们必须有好奇心，有勇气，有创造力，坚持不懈，注重细节。其中我认为注重细节是最重要的。(情态动词；非限制性定语从句) They must_be_curious，courageous，creative，persistent，and detail-oriented，of_which_I_believe_being_detail­oriented_is_the_most_essential_one． 3．在科学中，答案都是基于观察和收集的数据之上的。 In science，answers_are_based_on_observations_and_collected_data． 4．在科学理论的发展中，密切关注细节很重要。 Close attention to details is important_in_the_development_of_science_theories． 5．事实上，即使最小的变化也会影响研究的结果。因此杰出的科学家都注重细节。(表语从句) In_reality，even the smallest change can affect the outcome of the study.That's_why_exceptional_scientists_are_all_detail­oriented． 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Positions in scientific research are available in a wide variety of fields，but the qualities of an exceptional scientist are similar. They must be curious，courageous，creative，persistent，and detail-oriented，of which I believe being detail-oriented is the most essential one. In science，answers are based on observations and collected data.Close attention to details is important in the development of science theories.In reality，even the smallest change can affect the outcome of the study.That's why exceptional scientists are all detail-oriented. Ⅱ.读后续写提升练 Step 1　教材语料 亮词 [动作描写]become/be accustomed to，rekindle，cast a shadow on，scream，suspend，submit，angle，fetch，sneeze [人物描写]straightforward，crew，awesome [场景描写]hazardous，unexceptional，tragically，instantaneously 美句 1．Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.(心理描写) 2．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.How wrong they had been！Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.(心理描写) 3．We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.(动作描写) Step 2　单元词汇续写场景练 根据左栏汉语和黑体部分的提示，利用本单元所复习的词汇或句式补全小语段，并背诵全文。 习惯在安静环境里做作业的汤姆，突然听到一些人在惊恐地尖叫。他立刻意识到发生了危险的事，急忙冲过去打开公寓门。瞬间，一股浓烟引发了一连串喷嚏和咳嗽。汤姆赶紧转身去取回一条浸湿的毯子裹住自己，接着跑向阳台。他找准楼下气垫的安全角度，纵身跳了下去。不幸的是，等消防队员一小时后赶到时，他所有的财物都已化为灰烬。当无人受伤的消息传来时，我们所有人都松了一口气，但这场危险的火灾，还是给汤姆的生活蒙上了一层阴影。 Tom，1.who_was_accustomed_to_doing_his_homework(定语从句) in a quiet atmosphere，suddenly 2.heard_some_people_screaming (感官动词＋宾语＋宾补)with terror.He immediately realized that something dangerous had happened and rushed to open his apartment door.Instantaneously，a puff of thick smoke caused a series of sneezes and coughs.Tom 3.hurried_to_turn_around，fetched_a_soaked_blanket_to_wrap_around_himself，then_ran_to_the_balcony(动作链描写).He found the safe angle of the air cushion below and jumped down.Tragically，by the time firefighters arrived an hour later，all his belongings had been reduced to ashes.Although we all breathed a sigh of relief when the news came that no one was injured，4.this_hazardous_fire_cast_a_shadow_on_Tom's_life． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $